Art 258: Ancient and Medieval Art Spring 2016 Sched#20203

Dr. Woods: Office: Art 559; e-mail: [email protected] Office Hours: Monday and Friday 8:00-8:50 am Course Time and Location: MWF 10:00 – 10:50 HH221

Course Overview Art 258 is an introduction to western art from the earliest cave paintings through the age of Gothic Cathedrals. Sculpture, painting, architecture and crafts will be analyzed from an interdisciplinary perspective, for what they reveal about the religion, mythology, history, politics and social context of the periods in which they were created.

Student Learning Outcomes Students will learn to recognize and identify all monuments on the syllabus, and to contextualize and interpret art as the product of specific historical, political, social and economic circumstances. Students will understand the general characteristics of each historical or stylistic period, and the differences and similarities between cultures and periods. The paper assignment will develop students’ skills in visual analysis, critical thinking and written communication.

This is an Explorations course in the Humanities and Fine Arts. Completing this course will help you to do the following in greater depth: 1) analyze written, visual, or performed texts in the humanities and fine arts with sensitivity to their diverse cultural contexts and historical moments; 2) describe various aesthetic and other value systems and the ways they are communicated across time and cultures; 3) identify issues in the humanities that have personal and global relevance; 4) demonstrate the ability to approach complex problems and ask complex questions drawing upon knowledge of the humanities.

Course Materials Text: F. Kleiner, C. Mamiya, Gardner’s Art Through the Ages: The Western Perspective, vol. I, 14th edition (2014) is at the bookstore, or an ebook version is available at: www.ichapters.com Several older editions are on two hour course reserve in the library: call number N5300.G25. Older editions are fine to use, just make certain that you have volume one, or a complete version that covers ancient and medieval art. Webpage: slides can be viewed at the following site: http://arthistory.sdsu.edu/index.html user name: art258 password: NrHk8taE Warning: the webpage is out of date, and includes monuments not on the syllabus, which will not be covered in class or on exams. You are only responsible for monuments listed on the syllabus.

Course Requirements Class attendance and reading the textbook are required. Grading is based on the following: three quizzes 5% each; paper 10%; two midterms 25% each; final 25%. Tests consist of multiple choice questions based on representatitve works of art, testing the following skills: identification of title and period; analysis of materials and stylistic characteristics; and understanding the original function and context of works of art within their historical period. The paper is a detailed visual analysis of a relevant museum piece (selected by the student according to written directions) including a comparison with a work covered in lecture. No extra credit is offered, but improvement over the course of the semester will be taken into account.

1 Classroom Etiquette Class begins promptly at 10:00. All cell phones and pagers must be turned off. Students disturbing their neighbors will be asked to leave. If students arrive late or must leave early they should do so unobtrusively, sitting near an exit so as not to disturb their fellow students.

Accommodations for Students with Disabilities Students registered with Student Disability Services should inform the professor as early in the semester as possible, and submit paperwork no later than one week prior to any exam. If you have any questions about utilizing your SDS accommodation, please contact their office at (619) 594-6473 or at: [email protected]

Academic Honesty The University adheres to a strict policy regarding cheating and plagiarism. Any cheating or plagiarism will result in failing this class and a disciplinary review by Student Affairs. If you have questions about this policy, please consult: http://www.sa.sdsu.edu/srr/conduct1.html

Lecture Schedule: Jan. 20 Paleolithic and Neolithic Art Jan. 22 The Ancient Near East: Sumer, Babylonia Jan. 25 The Ancient Near East: Assyria, Persia Jan. 27 Egypt: Predynastic and Old Kingdom Jan. 29 Egypt: The Old Kingdom conted., and New Kingdom Feb. 1 Egypt: New Kingdom Feb. 3 Egypt: New Kingdom conted. Feb. 5 Minoan Art Feb. 8 Mycenaean art Feb. 10 Greece: Geometric Period; Archaic Sculpture Feb. 12 Greece: Archaic Architecture , Vase Painting Feb. 15 Early Classical Art: Sculpture Feb. 17 Early Classical: Olympia Feb. 19 High Classical Art Feb. 22 MIDTERM Feb. 24 Late Classical Period Feb. 26 Late Classical conted. and Hellenistic Period Feb. 29 Hellenistic Period conted. Mar. 2 The Etruscans Mar. 4 The Roman Republic Mar. 7 The Roman Republic: Pompeii Mar. 9 The Roman Empire: Augustus Mar. 11 The Flavians Mar. 14 Trajan Mar. 16 Hadrian and Marcus Aurelius Mar. 18 Late Roman Art Mar. 21 Constantine Mar. 23 Late Antiquity Mar. 25 MIDTERM Mar. 28 – Apr. 1 SPRING BREAK Apr. 4 Late Antiquity conted. Apr. 6 Byzantium: Early Byzantine Art Apr. 8 Byzantium: Icons, Iconoclasm and Middle Byzantine Art

2 Apr. 11 Islamic Art Apr. 13 Early Medieval Art Apr. 15 The Carolingians and Ottonians Apr. 18 Romanesque Art: The Age of Pilgrimages: France Apr. 20 Romanesque Art: France conted. Apr. 22 Romanesque Art: the Normans Apr. 25 Romanesque Art: Italy and Germany Apr. 27 Gothic Art: The Age of Great Cathedrals: France Apr. 29 Gothic Art: France, conted. May 2 Gothic Art: France conted. May 4 Gothic Art: England, Germany and Italy May 6 FINAL EXAM: 10:30-12:30

Monuments List

Paleolithic Art: Woman holding a bison horn, France, ca. 25,000-20,000 BCE (1-6) Hall of the Bulls, ca. 15,000-13,000 BCE (1-1) Neolithic Art: Catal Hoyuk (restored view), ca. 6000- 5900 BCE (1-16A) Terms: Material or medium; subject matter; style; function; historical context; relief; post and lintel

Ancient Near East: Sumer: Ziggurat, Ur, ca. 2100 BCE (2-15) Statues of Gudea, ca. 2100 BCE (2-16,17) Fragment, Victory Stele of Eannatum (Stele of the Vultures), ca. 2600-2500 (2-7) Babylonia: Stele with law code of Hammurabi, ca.1780 BCE (2-18) Terms: cuneiform; register; composite view; hierarchic scale

Assyria: Reconstruction of Citadel of Sargon II, Khorsabad, ca. 720-705 BCE (2-20A) Lamassu, Khorsabad, ca. 720-705 BCE (2-20) Ashurnasirpal II at War, Nimrud, ca. 875-860 BCE Assyrian archers pursuing enemies, Nimrud, ca. 875-860 (2-22) Achaemenid Persians: Persepolis, Apadana, ca. 521-465 (2-25, 26) Processional frieze of Persians and Medes with nations bringing tribute (2-27)

Egypt Predynastic: Palette of King Narmer, Hierakonpolis, ca. 3000- 2920 BCE (3-1, 2)

Old Kingdom: Great Pyramids of Khufu, Khafre and Menkaure, Gizeh, ca. 2500 BCE (3-7, 8, 9) Khafre enthroned, Gizeh, ca. 2520-2494 (3-11) Menkaure and Khamerernebty(?), Gizeh, ca. 2490-2472 (3-12) 3 Seated Scribe. Saqqara, ca. 2450-2350 (3-13) Terms: Upper and Lower Egypt; hieroglyphs; Re; Horus; divine kingship

New Kingdom: Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut, Deir el-Bahri, ca. 1473-1458 (3-19) Nebamun hunting fowl, Funerary banquet scenes, Tomb of Nebamun, Thebes, ca. 1400- 1350 (3-28, 29) Temple of Amen-Re, Karnak, begun 15th c. (3-24, 25, 26) Akhenaton, Karnak, ca. 1353-1335 (3-30) Akhenaton, Nefertiti and three daughters, Amarna, ca. 1353-35 (3-33) Coffin and Death Mask of Tutankhamen, ca. 1323 (3-34, 35) Throne of Tutankhamen, ca. 1333-23 Painted chest, from tomb of Tutankhamen, ca. 1333-23 (3-36) Last Judgment of Hu-Nefer, ca. 1290-1280 (3-37) Terms: Valley of the Kings; hypostyle hall; clerestory; Aten; sunken relief; ankh; Osiris, papyrus

Prehistoric Aegean Minoan Art: Palace at Knossos, Crete, ca. 1700-1400 BCE (4-4, 5, 6) Bull-leaping fresco, ca. 1450-1400 (4-8) Snake Goddess, ca. 1600 (4-12) Landscape with swallows (Spring fresco), Thera, ca. 1650 (4-9) Octopus Jar, ca. 1500 (4-11) Terms: King Minos, the Minotaur in the labyrinth; fresco

Mycenaean Art: Citadel of Tiryns, ca. 1400-1200 BCE (4-15, 16, 18, 18A) Treasury of Atreus, Mycenae, ca. 1300-1250 (4-20, 21) Funerary Mask, ca. 1600- 1500 (4-22) Inlaid dagger blade with lion hunt, ca. 1600-1500 (4-23) Warrior Vase, ca. 1200 (4-26) Terms: Homer, The Iliad and The Odyssey; the Trojan War; corbeled arch; megaron

Ancient Greece Geometric Period: Geometric krater from Dipylon cemetery, Athens, ca. 740 BCE (5-2)

Archaic Period: Kouros, ca. 600 BCE (5-7) Calf-Bearer (Moscophoros), ca. 560 (5-8) Kroisos, from Anavysos, ca. 530 (5-9) Kore from Acropolis, ca. 520-510 (5-11) Architecture: Greek Temple plans, Doric and Ionic Orders, pp. 109-110 West pediment, Temple of Artemis, Corfu, ca. 600-580 (5-16) Siphnian Treasury, Delphi, ca. 530 (5-17, 18) Caryatid figures, Gigantomachy from the north frieze Vase Painting: Ajax and Achilles playing a dice game, by Exekias, black-figure amphora, ca. 540-530 (5-20) Three revelers, by Euthymides, red-figure amphora, ca. 510 (5-23) 4 Terms: Dorians and Ionians; Kouros (s.) Kouroi (pl.); Kore (s.) Korai (pl.); archaic smile; Doric and Ionic orders (see Gardner p.96); Doric frieze of metopes and triglyphs; Ionic continuous frieze; Gorgon Medusa.

Early Classical Period: Kritios Boy, ca. 480 (5-34) Zeus (or Poseidon?), from off Cape Artemesion, ca. 460-450 (5-38) Discobolos (Discus Thrower) by Myron, ca. 450 (Roman copy) (5-39) Doryphoros (Spear Bearer) by Polykleitos, ca. 450-440 (Roman copy) (5-40) East Pediment, Temple of Zeus at Olympia, ca. 470-456. Chariot race of Pelops and Oenomaos (5-30, 31) Metopes with labors of Herakles (5-33) Terms: Persian Wars; contrapposto; lost wax method (p.130); “Canon” of Polykleitos

High Classical Period: Athenian Acropolis, rebuilt after Persian sack of 480 BCE (5-1, 42, 43) Parthenon, 447-432 (5-44, 45, 46) Sculptures supervised by Phidias 49, 50) Pediments: Contest of Athena and Poseidon for Athens, Birth of Athena (5-48, 49) Metopes: mythical battles, including Lapiths vs. Centaurs (5-47) Frieze: Panathenaic Festival procession frieze (5-50) Terms: Perikles; Athena Parthenos

Late Classical Period: Grave Stele of Hegeso, ca. 400 (5-57) Aphrodite of Knidos by Praxiteles, (Roman copy) ca. 350-340 (5-62) Hermes and the infant Dionysos, Praxiteles, (copy?) ca. 340 (5-63) Theater, Epidauros, ca. 350 (5-71) Portraits of Alexander the Great, (5-67) Battle of Issus, ca. 310 (5-70) Terms: Peloponnesian Wars 431-404 BCE; the plague; Corinthian column (p. 152)

Hellenistic Period: Temple of Apollo at Didyma, by Paionios of Ephesos and Daphnis of Miletos, begun 313 BCE (5-75) Gallic chieftain killing himself and his wife; Dying Gaul, by Epigonos? (Roman copies) ca. 230-220 (5-80, 81) Nike alighting on a warship (Nike of Samothrace), ca. 190 (5-82) Seated Boxer, ca. 100-50 BCE (5-85) Aphrodite, Eros and Pan, ca. 100 (5-83A)

Italy The Etruscans: Model of typical Etruscan temple of 6th c. BCE (6-3) Tomb of the Reliefs, Cerveteri, 3rd c. BCE (6-8) Tomb of the Leopards, Tarquinia, ca. 480-470 BCE (6-9) Sarcophagus with reclining couple, ca. 520 BCE (6-5) Terms: Tuscan column; Romulus and Remus

The Roman Republic: Temple of Portunus, Rome, ca. 75 BCE (7-3) 5 Man with portrait busts of his ancestors, late 1st c. BCE (7-7) Head of an Old Man, mid-first century BCE (7-8) Funerary relief with portraits of the Gessii, ca. 30 BCE (7-11) Portrait of a Roman General, ca. 75-50 BCE (7-9) Terms: death masks, “Verism”

Pompeii: Forum, 2nd-1st. c. BCE (7-12) Amphitheater, ca. 70 BCE (7-13, 14) Typical Roman house with atrium, peristyle (7-16) Ixion Room, House of the Vettii, Pompeii, ca. 70-79 CE (7-23) Terms: concrete, arch, barrel vault (p.184), single point perspective

The Early Roman Empire Augustus: Augustus as General, copy of bronze original of ca. 20 BCE (7-27) Ara Pacis Augustae. 13-9 BCE Reliefs of Tellus(?) and Procession of Imperial Family (7-29, 30, 31) Pont-du-Gard, Nimes, ca. 16 BCE (7-33) Terms: aqueduct

The Flavians: Portrait of Vespasian, 75-79 CE (7-38) Colosseum (Flavian Amphitheater), Rome, 70-80 CE (7-36, 37) Terms: groin vault

Trajan: Forum of Trajan and Basilica Ulpia by Apollodorus of Damascus, ca. 112 CE (7-44) Markets of Trajan, 100-112 CE (7-46, 47) Column of Trajan, with scenes from Dacian wars, 112 CE (7-1, 45) Terms: Dacian Wars, gallery, apse

Hadrian: Pantheon, Rome, 118-125 CE (7-49, 50, 51) Model of an Insula (apartment house), Ostia, 2nd c. CE (7-54) Funerary Reliefs of a Vegetable Vendor (7-56) and a Midwife, Ostia, 2nd c. CE

Marcus Aurelius: Equestrian statue, ca. 175 CE (7-59) Terms: oculus, coffers

The Late Empire: Baths of Caracalla, 212-216 CE (7-66) Heroic portrait of Trebonianus Gallus, 251-53 CE (7-69) Battle of Romans and barbarians (Ludovisi Battle Sarcophagus), 250-60 CE (7-70) Portraits of the four Tetrarchs, ca. 305 CE (7-73) Terms: Soldier Emperors; mystery religions

Constantine: Portrait of Constantine, ca. 315-330 (7-77) Arch of Constantine, Rome, 312-315 (7-75, 76) Reliefs: Distribution of largesse; spolia from 2nd c. emperors

6 Terms: Battle of Milvian Bridge; Edict of Milan 313 CE; spolia

Late Antiquity: The Good Shepherd, Catacomb of Saints Peter and Marcellinus, early 4th c. (8-6) Christ as Sol Invictus, mosaic from Mausoleum of the Julii, late 3rd c. (8-13A) Old St. Peter’s, Rome, begun ca. 319 (8-9) Mausoleum of Galla Placidia, Ravenna, ca. 425 (8-15, 16) mosaic of Christ as Good Shepherd (8-17) Terms: transept

Sant’Apollinare Nuovo, Ravenna, dedicated 504 (8-18, 19) Suicide of Judas and Crucifixion of Christ, ivory plaque, ca. 420 (8-24) Woman sacrificing at an altar, one leaf of an ivory diptych, ca. 400 (8-25)

Byzantium Early Byzantine Art: Hagia Sophia by Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus, 532-537 (9-5, 6, 7, 8) San Vitale, Ravenna, 526-547 (9-1, 10, 11, 12,, 13, 14) Apse mosaics: Christ between two Angels, St. Vitalis and Bishop Ecclesius: Justinian and attendants; Theodora and attendants Christ Pantocrator, 6th c. (encaustic) (9-18A) Virgin (Theotokos) and Child between St. Theodore and St. George, 6th-7th c. (9-18) Terms: pendentives and squinches; icon; encaustic; Iconoclasm 726-843 CE (p.269)

Middle Byzantine Art: Virgin (Theotokos) and Child enthroned, apse mosaic, Hagia Sophia, 867 (9-19) Katholikon, Hosios Loukas, 11th c. (9-20, 21) Christ as Pantokrator, Daphne, Greece, ca. 1090-1100 (9-22, 23)

Islamic Art: The Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem, 687-692 (10-2, 3) Great Mosque, Cordoba, Spain, 8th-10th c. (10-1, 9, 10, 12) Alhambra Palace, Granada, Spain, 1354-91 (10-19, 20) Quran page, 9th-10th c. (10-17) Maqsud of Kashan, carpet from funerary mosque, Iran, 1540 (10-27) Terms: Muhammed 570-632 CE; minaret; hypostyle mosque; mihrab; calligraphy; muqarnas

Early Medieval Europe Pair of Merovingian looped fibula, mid 6th c. (11-2) Purse cover, from the Sutton Hoo ship burial, Suffolk England, ca. 625 (11-3) Lindisfarne Gospels, ca. 698-721 Cross-inscribed carpet page; Saint Matthew (11-1, 7) Book of Kells, late 8th to early 9th c.: St. John; Chi-rho-iota page (11-1, 8) Terms: cloisonne; animal interlace; Hiberno-Saxon; scriptorium, Four Evangelists and the Gospel books (p.314)

The Carolingians: Equestrian portrait of Charlemagne(?), early 9th c. (11-12) Palatine Chapel of Charlemagne, 792-805 (11-17, 18) Plan for monastery at Saint Gall, ca. 819 (11-19) The Ottonians: Crown of Otto I, first used in 962 Gospel Book of Otto III, ca. 1000 7 Otto III enthroned, with personifications bringing tribute (11-29) Terms: cloister

Romanesque Europe: France: Reliquary Statue of Sainte-Foy, 10th-11th c. (12-2) Saint-Sernin, Toulouse, ca. 1070-1120 (12-5, 6, 7) Last Judgment, by Gislebertus, tympanum Saint-Lazare, Autun, ca. 1120 -35 (12-1), and capital with Suicide of Judas (12-13A) Cloister of Saint-Pierre, Moissac, ca. 1100-1115 (12-10) Initial R with knight fighting dragons, ca. 1115-25 (12-15) Abbey church of Notre-Dame, Fontenay, 1139-1147 (12-10A) Terms: relics; choir; ambulatory and radiating chapels; nave arcade and gallery; compound piers; tympanum; Cistercians; St. Bernard of Clairvaux (p.342)

The Normans: Durham Cathedral, England, begun ca. 1093 (12-33, 34) Bayeux Tapestry, ca. 1070-1080 (12-37. 38) Terms: William the Conqueror; Battle of Hastings 1066; rib vaulting

Italy and Germany: San Miniato al Monte, Florence, 1062-1090 (12-27A) Cathedral, Baptistery and Campanile in Pisa, 1063-1272 (12-26) Hildegard receives her visions, ca. 1150-1179 (12-23)

Gothic Europe: France: Chartres Cathedral, begun 1134, rebuilt after 1194 (13-1, 5, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17) Royal portal, jamb statues of Old Testament kings and queens, 1145-55 (13-6, 7) Saint Theodore, jamb statue, ca. 1230 (13-18) Reims Cathedral, ca. 1225-1290 (13-23, 23A) Jamb statues: Annunciation, and Visitation (13-24) Blanche of Castille, Louis IX, and two monks, dedication page of a moralized Bible, 1226- 1234 (13-33) Sainte-Chapelle, Paris, 1243-1248 (13-25) Carcassonne, France, 12- 13th c. (13-28) The Castle of Love and knights jousting, ivory jewelry casket, ca. 1330-1350 (13-38) Hall of the Cloth Guild, Bruges, begun 1230 (13-29) Hours of Jeanne d’Evreux, ca. 1325-28 (13-36A) Terms: pointed arches, flying buttresses; Aristotle; stained glass; rose window; nave arcade, triforium and clerestory; Troubadour poetry

England: Choir of Gloucester Cathedral, 1332-57 (13 – 43) Terms: fan vaults

Germany: Ekkehard and Uta, choir of Naumburg Cathedral, ca. 1249-55 (13-48) Equestrian Portrait (Bamberg Rider), Bamberg Cathedral, ca. 1235-1240 (13-49)

8 Italy: Campo with Palazzo Pubblico, Siena, 1288-1309 (14-15) Effects of Good Government in the City and the Country, by Ambrogio Lorenzetti, 1338- 1339 (14-16, 16A, 17) Terms: Black Death

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