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Collected Works of V. I. Lenin

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W O R K E R S O F A L L C O U N T R I E S , U N I T E! L E N I N COLLECTED WORKS A0 A THE RUSSIAN EDITION WAS PRINTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH A DECISION OF THE NINTH CONGRESS OF THE R.C.P.(B.) AND THE SECOND CONGRESS OF SOVIETS OF THE U.S.S.R. ИНCTИTУT МАРÇCИзМА — ЛЕНИНИзМА пpи ЦK KНCC B. n. l d H n H С О Ч И Н E Н И Я И з д a н u е ч е m в е p m o e ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ ИЗДАТЕЛЬСТВО ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ M О С К В А V. I. L E N I N cOLLEcTED WORKS VOLUME A0 September 1919– !pril 19"0 PROGRESS PUBLISHERS MOSCOW TRANSLATED FROM THE RUSSIAN EDITED BY G E O R G E H A N N A From Marx to Mao M L © Digital Reprints 2012 www.marx2mao.com First printing 1965 Second printing 1974 C O N T E N T S Page Preface ........................ 15 1919 SPEECH AT A NON-PARTY CONFERENCE OF THE WORKERS AND MEN OF THE RED ARMY OF BASMANNY, LEFORTOVO, ALEXEYEVSKOYE AND SOKOLNIKI DISTRICTS. SEPTEMBER 3, 1919 ......................... 19 HOW THE BOURGEOISIE UTILISES RENEGADES ........ 27 TO THE AMERICAN WORKERS ............... 38 THE TASKS OF THE WORKING WOMEN’S MOVEMENT IN THE SOVIET REPUBLIC. Speech Delivered at the Fourth Moscow City Conference of Non-Party Working Women. Septem- ber 23, 1919 ...................... 40 THE EXAMPLE OF THE PETROGRAD WORKERS ........ 47 ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS PUT BY A CHICAGO DAILY NEWS CORRESPONDENT .................... 50 GREETINGS TO ITALIAN, FRENCH AND GERMAN COMMUNISTS 52 THE WORKERS’ STATE AND PARTY WEEK ......... 63 SPEECH TO MOBILISED WORKER COMMUNISTS DELIVERED FROM THE BALCONY OF MOSCOW SOVIET OF WORKERS’ AND RED ARMY DEPUTIES. OCTOBER 16, 1919. Newspaper Report 66 TO THE WORKERS AND RED ARMY MEN OF PETROGRAD .... 68 TO THE RED ARMY MEN ................. 70 RESULTS OF PARTY WEEK IN MOSCOW AND OUR TASKS .... 71 SPEECH TO STUDENTS OF THE SVERDLOV UNIVERSITY LEAVING FOR THE FRONT. OCTOBER 24, 1919......... 76 8 CONTENTS TO COMRADE LORIOT AND ALL THE FRENCH FRIENDS WHO ADHERED TO THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL .......... 85 LETTER TO THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF GERMANY REGARDING THE SPLIT. To Comrades Paul Levi, Clara Zetkin, Eberlein and the Other Members of the C.C. of the Communist Party of Germany ......... 87 TO THE COMMUNIST COMRADES WHO BELONGED TO THE UNITED “COMMUNIST PARTY OF GERMANY” AND HAVE NOW FORMED A NEW PARTY ................. 89 TO COMRADE SERRATI AND TO ALL ITALIAN COMMUNISTS .. 91 THE DICTATORSHIP OF THE PROLETARIAT ......... 93 I (A) The Dictatorship of the Proletariat as New Forms of the Class Struggle of the Proletariat ..... 95 II (B) The Dictatorship of the Proletariat as the Destruc- tion of Bourgeois Democracy and the Creation of Proletarian Democracy ........... 99 III (C) The Dictatorship of the Proletariat and the Dis- tinguishing Features of Imperialism....... 102 IV (D) The Dictatorship of the Proletariat and Soviet Power ................... 103 ECONOMICS AND POLITICS IN THE ERA OF THE DICTATORSHIP OF THE PROLETARIAT .................. 107 1 ....................... 107 2 ....................... 108 3 ....................... 110 4 ....................... 111 5 ....................... 114 GREETINGS TO THE WORKERS OF PETROGRAD ........ 118 SOVIET POWER AND THE STATUS OF WOMEN ........ 120 TWO YEARS OF SOVIET POWER .............. 124 TWO YEARS OF SOVIET RULE. Speech at a Joint Session of the All-Russia Central Executive Committee, the Moscow Soviet of Workers’ and Red Army Deputies, the All-Russia Central Coun- cil of Trade Unions, and Factory Committees, on the Occasion of the Second Anniversary of the October Revolution. Novem- ber 7, 1919 ...................... 127 TO THE COMMUNISTS OF TURKESTAN ........... 138 THE FIGHT TO OVERCOME THE FUEL CRISIS. Circular Letter to Party Organisations ................. 139 CONTENTS 9 SPEECH DELIVERED AT THE FIRST ALL-RUSSIA CONFERENCE ON PARTY WORK IN THE COUNTRYSIDE. NOVEMBER 18, 1919 .... 143 ADDRESS TO THE SECOND ALL-RUSSIA CONGRESS OF COMMUNIST ORGANISATIONS OF THE PEOPLES OF THE EAST. NOVEMBER 22, 1919 ................... 151 DRAFT RESOLUTION OF THE C.C., R.C.P.(B.) ON SOVIET RULE IN THE UKRAINE .................... 163 EIGHTH ALL-RUSSIA CONFERENCE OF THE R.C.P.(B.). December 2-4, 1919 ....................... 167 1. SPEECH AT THE OPENING OF THE CONFERENCE. DECEMBER 2 ................... 169 2. POLITICAL FROM REPORT OF THEMARX CENTRAL COMMITTEE. DECEMBER 2 ................... 170 3. CONCLUDING SPEECHTO ON MAO THE POLITICAL REPORT OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE. DECEMBER 2 ....... 189 4. DRAFT RESOLUTION ON FOREIGN POLICY ....... 191 5. SPEECH SUMMING UP THE DEBATE ON SOVIET POWER IN THE UKRAINE. DECEMBER 3 ........... 193 SPEECH DELIVERED AT THE FIRST CONGRESS OF AGRICULTURAL COMMUNES AND AGRICULTURAL ARTELS. DECEMBER 4, 1919 ................... 195 SEVENTH ALL-RUSSIA NOT CONGRESS OFFOR SOVIETS. December 5-9, 1919 ......................... 205 1. REPORT OF THE ALL-RUSSIA CENTRAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEECOMMERCIAL AND THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE’S COMMISSARS. DECEMBER 5 ................... 207 2. CONCLUDINGDISTRIBUTION SPEECH ON THE REPORT OF THE ALL- RUSSIA CENTRAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE AND THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE’S COMMISSARS. DECEMBER 6.... 232 3. SPEECH IN THE ORGANISATION SECTION. DECEMBER 8.. 243 4. SPEECH DELIVERED ON THE CLOSING OF THE CONGRESS. DECEMBER 9 ................... 249 THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY ELECTIONS AND THE DICTATORSHIP OF THE PROLETARIAT ........... 253 I ....................... 253 II ....................... 256 III ....................... 259 IV ....................... 262 10 CONTENTS V ....................... 266 VI ....................... 271 TO THE YOUNGER GENERATION .............. 276 SPEECH AT A MEETING IN PRESNYA DISTRICT ON THE ANNIVERSARY OF THE DECEMBER UPRISING, 1905. DECEMBER 19, 1919 ................... 277 REPORT ON SUBBOTNIKS DELIVERED TO A MOSCOW CITY CONFERENCE OF THE R.C.P.(B.). DECEMBER 20, 1919 ..... 283 LETTER TO THE WORKERS AND PEASANTS OF THE UKRAINE APROPOS OF THE VICTORIES OVER DENIKIN ......... 291 STOP SPOILING THE RUSSIAN LANGUAGE. Some Thoughts at Leisure, i.e., While Listening to Speeches at Meetings.... 298 1920 TO THE BUREAU OF THE WOMEN’S CONGRESS IN PETROGRAD GUBERNIA ....................... 299 REMARKS ON AND ADDENDA TO DRAFTS FOR “RULES FOR THE WORKERS’ AND PEASANTS’ INSPECTION” ........ 300 SPEECH DELIVERED AT A NON- PARTY CONFERENCE OF WORKERS AND RED ARMY MEN OF PRESNYA DISTRICT, MOSCOW. JANUARY 24, 1920. Newspaper Report ....... 302 DRAFT DECISIONS AND DIRECTIVES ON CO-OPERATIVES ..... 307 SPEECH DELIVERED AT THE THIRD ALL-RUSSIA CONGRESS OF ECONOMIC COUNCILS. JANUARY 27, 1920. Newspaper Report .. 309 TO MEMBERS OF THE COUNCIL OF DEFENCE ......... 314 REPORT ON THE WORK OF THE ALL- RUSSIA CENTRAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE AND THE COUNCIL OF PEOPLE’S COMMISSARS DELIVERED AT THE FIRST SESSION OF THE ALL-RUSSIA CENTRAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. SEVENTH CONVOCATION. FEBRUARY 2, 1920 ............. 315 DRAFT (OR THESES) OF THE R.C.P.’S REPLY TO THE LETTER OF THE INDEPENDENT SOCIAL-DEMOCRATIC PARTY OF GERMANY ....................... 337 SPEECH AT A MEETING OF THE RAILWAYMEN OF MOSCOW JUNCTION. FEBRUARY 5, 1920. Brief Newspaper Report .... 345 A LA GUERRE COMME A LA GUERRE! ........... 347 CONTENTS 11 SPEECH DELIVERED AT A NON- PARTY CONFERENCE IN BLAGUSHA- LEFORTOVO DISTRICT. FEBRUARY 9, 1920, News- paper Report ..................... 349 A PUBLICIST’S NOTES .................. 352 I ....................... 352 II ....................... 353 III ....................... 357 IV ....................... 359 TELEGRAM TO J. V. STALIN. FEBRUARY 16 ......... 363 TELEGRAM TO J. V. STALIN. FEBRUARY 18 ......... 364 IN REPLY TO QUESTIONS PUT BY KARL WIEGAND, BERLIN CORRESPONDENT OF UNIVERSAL SERVICE ......... 365 IN REPLY TO QUESTIONS PUT BY A CORRESPONDENT OF THE DAILY EXPRESS .................... 368 TELEGRAM TO J. V. STALIN. FEBRUARY 20 ......... 370 TO THE WORKING WOMEN ................ 371 TELEGRAM TO J. V. STALIN. FEBRUARY 22 ......... 373 SPEECH AT THE THIRD ALL-RUSSIA CONFERENCE OF DIRECTORS OF ADULT EDUCATION DIVISIONS OF GUBERNIA EDUCATION DEPARTMENTS. FEBRUARY 25, 1920 ....... 374 SPEECH DELIVERED AT THE FIRST ALL-RUSSIA CONGRESS OF WORKING COSSACKS. MARCH 1, 1920 ............ 380 SPEECH DELIVERED AT THE SECOND ALL-RUSSIA CONGRESS OF MEDICAL WORKERS. MARCH 1, 1920. Minutes ....... 401 A LETTER TO R.C.P. ORGANISATIONS ON PREPARATIONS FOR THE PARTY CONGRESS................ 403 INTERNATIONAL WORKING WOMEN’S DAY .......... 408 SPEECH DELIVERED AT A MEETING OF THE MOSCOW SOVIET OF WORKERS’ AND RED ARMY DEPUTIES. MARCH 6, 1920.... 410 SPEECH AT A MEETING OF THE MOSCOW SOVIET IN CELEBRATION OF THE FIRST ANNIVERSARY OF THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL. MARCH 6, 1920 .............. 417 12 CONTENTS SPEECH DELIVERED AT THE THIRD ALL-RUSSIA CONGRESS OF WATER TRANSPORT WORKERS. MARCH 15, 1920 ...... 426 SPEECH AT A MEETING IN MEMORY OF Y. M. SVERDLOV. MARCH 16, 1920. Brief Newspaper Report .......... 433 TWO RECORDED SPEECHES ................ 435 1. WORK FOR THE RAILWAYS.............. 435 2. LABOUR DISCIPLINE ................ 437 NINTH CONGRESS OF THE R.C.P.(B.). March 29-April 5, 1920 439 1. OPENING SPEECH. MARCH 29 ............ 441 2. REPORT OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE. MARCH 29 .... 443 3. REPLY TO THE DISCUSSION ON THE REPORT OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE. MARCH 30 ........... 463 4. SPEECH ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. MARCH 31 .... 472 5. SPEECH ON THE CO-OPERATIVES. APRIL 3 ....... 480 6. SPEECH CLOSING THE CONGRESS. APRIL 5 ....... 485 ON COMPROMISES ................... 491 I ......................... 491 TELEGRAM TO G. K. ORJONIKIDZE ............. 494 SPEECH DELIVERED AT THE FIRST (INAUGURAL) ALL-RUSSIA CONGRESS OF MINEWORKERS ..............
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    W O R K E R S O F A L L C O U N T R I E S , U N I T E! L E N I N COLLECTED WORKS h A THE RUSSIAN EDITION WAS PRINTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH A DECISION OF THE NINTH CONGRESS OF THE R.C.P.(B.) AND THE SECOND CONGRESS OF SOVIETS OF THE U.S.S.R. ИНCTИTУT МАРÇCИзМА — ЛЕНИНИзМА пpи ЦK KНCC B. n. l d H n H С О Ч И Н E Н И Я И з д a н u е ч е m в е p m o e ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ ИЗДАТЕЛЬСТВО ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ M О С К В А V. I. L E N I N cOLLEcTED WORKS VOLUME Kh )une –September 191U PROGRESS PUBLISHERS MOSCOW TRANSLATED FROM THE RUSSIAN EDITED BY S T E P A N A P R E S Y A N AND J I M R I O R D A N First printing 1964 Second printing 1974 From Marx to Mao M L © Digital Reprints 2011 www.marx2mao.com Printed in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 10102–036 l ÇÜà èÇõÄÉå. 014(01)–74 7 CONTENTS PREFACE ....................... 13 JUNE- SEPTEMBER 1917 FIRST ALL-RUSSIA CONGRESS OF SOVIETS OF WORKERS’ AND SOLDIERS’ DEPUTIES. JUNE 3 -24 (JUNE 16-JULY 7), 1917 ......................... 15 1. SPEECH ON THE ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE PROVI- SIONAL GOVERNMENT, June 4 (17) ......... 17 2. SPEECH ON THE WAR, June 9 (22) ......... 29 ECONOMIC DISLOCATION AND THE PROLETARIAT’S STRUG- GLE AGAINST IT .................... 43 THE THOUSAND AND FIRST LIE OF THE CAPITALISTS ....
  • Totality Decomposed: Objectalizing Late Socialism in Postsoviet

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    Totality Decomposed: Objectalizing Late Socialism in Post-Soviet Biochronicles SERGUEI ALEX. OUSHAKINE For us art means the creation of new things. This is what determines our gravitation toward realism, weightiness (k vesy), volume, toward the earth. ... Every organized work—be it a house, a poem or a picture—is a thing with a purpose; it is not meant to lead people away from life but to help them to organize it. ... Abandon declarations and refutations as soon as possible, make things! El Lissitsky, “Blokada Rossii konchaetsia,” 1922. A NEW SOBRIETY: OBJECTALISM We proclaim the old feature films, with their romance, theatricality and so on, to be leprous. — Do not get close to them! — Do not touch them with your eyes! — Lethal! — Contagious! We affirm the future of cinema art by denying its present. “Cinematography” must die so that the art of cinema may live. WE call for its death to be hastened. … For his inability to control his movement, WE temporarily exclude man as a subject for film. ... Kinochestvo is the art of organizing the necessary movements of objects in space and time as a rhythmical artistic whole, in harmony with the properties of the material and the internal rhythm of each object. Thus spake Dziga Vertov in his manifesto “WE” in 1922.1 Old cinematography, with its sentiments and psychology, had to free space for “kino-things” (kino-veshchi).2 “Life with I would like to thank Mark Lipovetsky and Birgit Beumers for their persuasive suggestion to join this project. I am also indebted to Elena Baraban, Devin Fore, Helena Goscilo, Kevin M.