No.1 Jan./Feb. 1986

the LEPIDOPTERISTS' SOCIETY or EDITOR June Preston 832 Sunset Dr. Lawrence. KS 66044 U.S.A.

ASSOCIATE EDITORS Zone Coordinator. Art DIrector 1. Ken Philip 6. Ed Knudson 11. J.e.E. Riotte Les Sielski 2. Jon Shepard 12. Eduardo Welling M. Ripples 7. Ross Layberry Jo Brewer 3. Bob Langston 8. Mo Nielsen 13. Boyce Drummond 4. Ray Stanford 9. Andy Beck 5. Dick Rosche 10. Dave Winter _._ _ ., _ _.., _ ., _ ..

Presidential Profile

Clifford D. Ferris, of the University of Wyomi ng, is newly-emergi ng di scipline of Bioengineeri ng. After currently serving as President of the Lepidopterists' holding appointments at Drexel University and the Society. He was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania where University of Maryland, he moved to the University of he began collecting at the age of nine. His Wyoming in 1968, where he is Director of the early interest in entomology was encouraged by various Bioengineering Program and Professor of Electrical staff members at the Academy of Natural Sciences in Engineering. During 1973-74 he served as Acting Dean of Philadelphia including E. T. Cresson and J. W. H. Rehn, the College of Engineering. In addition to teaching, his and while in high school through correspondence with university activities include design of specialized medical William Beebe at the American Museum of Natural electronic instrumentation for diagnostic and therapeutic History, and Harry Clench at Carnegie Museum who app lications. subsequently became a good friend. Cliff received the Summers and holidays are occupied with B.S. and M.S. degrees in Electrical Engineering in 1957 lepidopterological pursuits. Although Cliff maintains a and 1958, respectively, from the University of general reference collection of North American Pennsylvania. He earned his D.Sc. in 1962 from the and some exotic material, his major interests George Washi ngton Universi ty and entered an academic lie with the arctic and arctic-alpine fauna. He has career in the field of Electrical Engineering and the traveled over the arctic regions from northern Labrador to Alaska seeking elusive species. He has also hiked and backpacked into many remote areas of the Rocky Mountains looking for relict species. Dr. Ferris is author or co-author of more than 200 scientific papers and monographs, and five books, including of the Rocky Mountain States, co-edited with F. Martin Brown. His first entomological publication was in Entomological News in 1951 - on a dragonfly! Cliff's service to the Lepidopterists' Society includes: Member-at-Large of the Executive Council, 1978-81; Vice President, 1982; Common Names Committee, 1980 to present; Chairman, Committee on Nomenclature (including revision of Memoir #2), 1982 to present; host for 1982 Annual Meeting in Laramie. Dr. Ferris is a member of the Board of Directors of the Xerces Society and also serves as a Chief Counsellor of that organization. Cliff is a past president and a member of the Board of Directors of the Rocky Mountain Bioengineering Symposium, Inc. He is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and holds memberships in the New York Academy of Sciences, the Maryland Entomological Society, the Pacific Coast Entomological Society, and various engineering societies. Cliff is also a Research Associate of the Allyn Museum of Entomology/Florida State Museum, of the Department of Entomology of the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, and of the Florida State Collection of . - 7. GENDER BAIlQ.: I have appraised collections where the females are almost non-existent and this is a minus factor. The optimum ratio would be 1 male to 1 female but few collections approach th is level. An acceptable proportion would be 3 or 4 males to one female. 8. DIFFERENT SPECIES HJJM!1ER: A 5000 specimen collection of one half Cabbage butterflies and one half APPRA ISALS OF LEPIDOPTERA COLLECTlOR;, Part II Painted ladies in outstanding condition could be valuable under the first 7 factors but would stub its toe on this In the JUly/Aug 1985 (it4) issue of NEWS, requirement. What is a 5000 specimen, common 2 species mentioned that 18 factors of appraisal are involved in collection worth? Not too much! On the other hand if financially evaluating a collection. Let's examine each 2500 were QrnWBW-Ull fllexl!~ and the other half briefly - some of you may have overlooked factors that ~ homerus, break out the computer and don't tell you could upgrade. anyone where you keep them! If you have 1050 (plus MECHANICS 2f APPRAISAL: I place a base value on subspecies) of the 1100 species of North America a specimen depending on the first and second factors butterflies, your almos t comp lete collection wou Id be below and then add positive or subtract negative amounts highly prized, praised and appraised. as I proceed with the evaluation. 9. MUSEUM YAlJill.: A museum most covets the I. LOCATION: The ORIGIN of the species is species it doesn't have, so determine the needs of the fittingly the initial factor. The starting point is $1.50 museum you will be donati ng your collection to, and for a standard pinned, spread North American specimen catch those to increase the "museum" factor. But of and $1.85 for a foreign one. course we don't always know this ahead of time. The 2. flllN-llKi: A specimen is pinned, papered or museum factor is usually invoked when the collector has layered. Some small moths are pinned unspread when ample numbers of rare or extremely rare series of caught (trapp ed) to avoid rehandli ng. Riker mounti ng is individual species that provides the museum researcher spread, unpinned but the usual collection consists of with a sufficient sample spread for comparison. A one spread, pinned specimens and specimens individually specimen sample doesn't usually lead to valid papered or layered (as in sandwich boxes). An unpinned conclusions. The collector must constantly remember the unspread specimen receives a substantial markdown from (moth) is often var iable and that he shou ld the pinned one. Boxing occurs When extensive collecting provide the researcher - or (even more importantly) the is done and a single label is placed on the box with the describer, with a series of specimens of sufficient quality complete appropriate data. This technique is less so that he is not required to describe from a single valuable than individual papering. We always spread the specimen that may not be typical at all but possibly at best specimens! the extreme edge of that species' variability. The 3. QUALITY: I use 5 levels of quality - MIA, mint museum (or study) factor is not involked in a collection expupa; lA, top netted; lA-, standard netted; 2A, of single pairs of many different species, although the chipped, damaged, smudged; 3A, elderly, 50% off; a collection may be more valuable commercially or in its commercial MIA is usually not only a butterfly but also rarity. The comparison factor must be possible for the a work of art. Very valuable! added museum credit, unless the (small) museum doesn't 4. PREPARATION: Poor preparation can devalue an have any of the specimens at all! outstanding collection, needlessly! Proper preparation is 10. RARITY: Most of us know that if we are there your contribution to the value of your collection. The when the butterfly is there in large numbers, it is not dried butterfly is fragile and never forget it. rare. Two or three weeks later, however, they may Preparation starts from netti ng, through squeezi ng, appear to be extinct by their total absence. If the papering, killing, storing, relaxing, spreading, removing butterfly (moth) is confined to one small locality on the from boards, displaying and protecting from pests. If entire earth, single brooded, in small numbers - that's you make any mistakes - from the time you place the pin very rare and HIGH in value - f.lw.il.i.Q homerus in incorrectly to finally leaving the spread species in a Jamaica, Lycaena heteronea clara in West Los Angeles, "pesty" box in a damp place - you can only hurt (or etc. Rare and very rare represent the two degrees of destroy) your collection. Outstanding specimens rarity. See 11 next. outstandingly prepared multiply the value. 11. OCIENTlFIC: Types, topo, para, gynandromorphs, 5. DAIA: Specific (subspecies) naming and location. historical specimens, uniques, aberrants, extinct, Information (on the pin as opposed to a key it in a protected, intergenera matings, endangered (not too journal) should permanently accompany each specimen. I many!) species - represent valuable additions. realize most museums have specimens in named unit trays 12. QQMMERCIAL: Specimens are collected in four but it is fairly simple for the original collector to add ways - wrought, sought, caught or bought! I f you have an additional label on the pin when he (she) has the time and you can raise the specimen, What God hath determined the species and subspecies. I write the name "wrought" gives you the mint lA specimens; you can trade on the underside of the original label or a cue name if with other collectors for what you seek; you can catch the label is too small for the full nami ng. Anyway, a them yourself; or, if you can justify the cost to your specimen with no data is merely a beautiful example of wife, you can buy entire collections or at least your nature. A lack of data is a heavy NEGATIVE value. preferred family or genera! Commercial catalogues from Noting the continent is of some academic value but not lep dealers all over the world are available for the as valuable as "100 yds north of the bridge on Hwy 5 - 2 asking (or a small fee) and a valid value of a popular mi west of Bridgeport, Calif. E1. 3800". Record the data, butterfly can be determined from an average of their accurately - place, date and collector. offerings i.e. flulil.i.Q homerus = $800.00. Some collectors 6. ARRANGEMENT: This value variant requires the with extremely valuable commercial collections may have use of basic textbooks; a large intercontinental rarely (never say never) touched a butterfly net but they collection requires an extensive library to determine spread the leps beautifully, they insist on correct data, breakdown of species to subspecies. The arrangement and the collection is immaculate, properly drawered ­ should be upgraded as genera and species names are and very valuable. Featuring Ornithoptera, Morpho, changed. The arrangement should be by genera within Agrias, Charaxes and Pap ilio, such collections of families, separated into the world divisions if extensive. relatively small number s can be in high figures. Why do If Heterocera is mixed intercontinentally with Pierids I harp on homerus? That's easy. I don't have it - yet! mixed with Nymphalids mixed with Lycaenids, it makes it 13. EDUCATIONAL DISPLAYS: Area species (local, too difficult for even the experienced museum curator, state) for elementary schools, complete life cycles, buyer, and especially the professional appraiser to pressed food plants, Ex pupa, interfamily mimicry, freeze validly evaluate. Keep your collection In some scientific dried and blown larvae, color variation, cryptic order as you add to it! camouflage, wet/dry season specimens are displays adding 2 value to your systemic collection. and close to the ground. supposed them to be Red 14. LIllliAHY: The 13 above factors involve the Admirals, Vanessa atalanta. specimens. The final 5 involve butterfly "hardware". Having completed a good day's work, I ''packed-up'' Your "library" is important for your increased knowleq;e at 4 p.m. and started the 400 yd. walk to the bus stop. day to day and is indispensible to verification of Three Red Admirals crossed my path flying in a SW to NE nomenclature. Area text books are getting heavier and direction, and it suddenly occurred to me that it wasn't more expensive (and more complete) but past, out of the same butterflies I was seeing flying to and fro, but print rarities may be even more valuable. Past scientific many, passing singly, in a migration. publications and texts may be rare. Browse the y. atalanta ioes not normally survive the winter at bookstores, garage sales, library book sales to add to this latitude (45 North) as the temperature dips to your library. Keep everything! An extensive library -25 0 F regularly in the winter months (and sometimes sometimes approaches or exceeds the value of the much colder). Occasionally a mild winter or exceptional collection. I have 1929 and 1932 National Geographics circumstances spares a few, but usually we depend on with informative useful articles! migrants from the U.S.-A., (same for y. vjriiniensll. and 15. STORAGE MID. DISPLAY CONTAINER): Storage y. ~) which arrive in May and June. cabinets, California and Cornell drawer s, Schmidt boxes, As usual, the bus moved grandly by just before I redwood boxes, Riker mounts, unit trays, sandwich boxes arrived at the Bus Stop. I had a wait of 1/2 hour before are standard commercial items constantly increasing in the next. value. Custom cabinets and drawers, personally made To pass the time, I started to count the butterflies are sometimes of such excellent workmanship that antique moving through. I started the count at 4:12 and finished values apply. The final value of storage containers is it at 4:35 when the bus arrived. In that 23 minutes I governed by the "bug proof" quality. The containers must counted 47. Several nectared on nearby dandelions and have tight overlapping contact surfaces for maximum were easily discernible as Y. atalanta. I collected a safety. If the containers are raw wood, stain, varnish, road kill of a recently killed Admiral. or shellac them! This upgrading is relatively inexpensive Later at a transfer point a mile or so to the North and the improvement is striking and valuable. If you are I counted 14 passing in 12 minutes. constructing your own containers, bug proof your All of the insects I saw passed within 100 ft of me, designs. so I assume my vision is only good to that distance for 16. COLLECTING MID. fBEPARATION EQUIPMENT: an object the size of an atalanta. From the bus windows Nets, killing jars, storage containers, rearing equipment, I saw several more. black light equipment, traps, spreadi ng boards, All were travelling roughly N into a Northerly wind humidifiers (relaxing boxes), repellants, fumigants, repair of about 5 mph. They flew close to the ground (about a kits, pins (on species, $20 per 1000!), styrene bases, fooO, although I did see some at heights up to 8 feet. microscop es , tweezers, pens, labels EVERYTHING Those at some height I assumed to have been forced up increases the value - keep your records of costs. by topography or wind currents (passing motor vehicles). 17. PER)ONAL: Historical and informative collecting The day was s~nny with cloudy periods, and high Journals - distances to locations and optimum dates, temperature of 70 F. observations, paintings, butterfly articles, clippings, My field note book records that I saw many photography, memorabilia, stamps these can be butterflies near my home in the week of May 5th. extremely valuable, if the collector is willing to part assumed to be Y. atalanta. with personal mementos of his life. Keep records of I have only recently "got into" the butterfly your trip costs. An unusual extensive series of counting business (Xerces Society July 4th Count) else I European and other foreign species was successfully probably wou ld not have noticed the migration. I don't evaluated in the higher five figures because of the know about your areas, but here in Ottawa, to see 47 Red inclusion of the cost of 6 trips to Europe and 5 to other Admirals in a summer would be good, to see that number world areas. in 23 minutes is exceptional. 18. INVENTORY: Paradoxically, the most inexpensive Next day, Sunday, May 12th, my son, Scott, and I portion of our collection is the most neglected and the were invited to a hockey banquet at a nearby arena. It most needed and valuable for our individual and eventual was a warm and sunny afternoon ana sinceoit was only a use. In an extensive collection, a written inventory is mile or so, we decided to walk (48 to 80 F, Wind S., 10 the only complete method of conveying the magnitude and mph). The direction was generally East. Just outside the condition of your collection to another for purposes of house I saw the first a1.alan1.ll.. and decided to count. Son stUdy, sale or donation, as well as yourself being able Scott soon joined in. Butterflies were flying rapidly, 3 to quickly locate a specific specimen. The list should to 8 feet above the terrain without pause, in a Northerly i'1clude a basic gender list by family by area with species direction. and subspecies, gender and number, with Ii quality code, Scott's vision is better than mine so he saw about a rarity code, a pinning code, and a location in the 20% more butterflies than I. We counted 75 atalanta on collection designation. I didn't say it was easy, but it the way, time elapsed about 30 minutes. is most satisfying when it is finished. If you are an On our return walk two hours later (3 pm) we active collector, allow room for expansion in the counted 80. We saw only 2 nectaring on dandelions. I inventory. also saw 2 land near the ground in a group of shrubs. CONCLUSION: If the above factors are present in Along most of the way a Fros t wire fence, 8' tall, acted abundance, your basic collection could double or triple in as an obstacle to the butterflies. Most "climbed" to value. If essentials are lacking, the appraiser mllst pass over it but several were seen to pass through the downgrade its value. Supply the facts as only you can. mesh (2" openings). You can improve your collection at little financial cost We seldom saw two at the same time; they appeared to you; only an investment of your time is needed. to avoid one another. Specify and identify each specimen. SIAlIT NOW! The The number per minute 155/60 = 2.58 return on your hobby can be extensive. It's up to you! Saturdays flight 47/23 = 2. per minute Les Stockton, STOCKTON ENTERPRISES Probably Scott's finer vision accounts for greater Box 711, Santa Monica, CA 90406 numbers seen Sunday. On May 20th I spoke wi th Don Lafontai ne who had been at Point Pelee, 400 miles West of Ottawa on the previous weekend. WHERE DID mEY COME FROM? There he saw swarms of y. 1!.1Bl.an1ll. on flowers, replenishing energy sources after flying across Lake May 11, 1985 found me hard at work at my allotment Erie. The migration was obviously on a broad front. garden in the Southern outskirts of Ottawa, Ont ario, By May 24, 1985 the migration seemed to be over. Canada. As I worked, the edge of my consciousness The Red Admirals seen were not flying purposely or registered dark medium-sized butterflies flying rapidly directly North. 3 Where did they come from? Were they '" you may leave beetles in their plastic wrapper, however newly-emerged or overwintered adu Its? you must make several sli ts in plastic to allow Somewhere South of here, New York, Pennsylvania, moisture in, and this will lengthen relaxing time. the Virginias? or futher South must have had an '" water does not hurt beetles in any way. Sometimes abundance in 1984. colors will darken but after specimen dries color Can anyone shed some light? becomes natural. As a postscript, on Ju Iy 2 I collected 10 Y. '" the length of relaxing will vary due to the size of llilillliA larvae in a nettle-patch about 35 miles N of beetles. In general small beetles relax in 12 to 24 Ottawa, and a few days later about 20 more. hours, larger beetles may take up to 36 hours or Subsequently, all pupated and emerged as butterflies on longer. or about July 18. Remove beetle from relaxer, and from wrapper if you I released mos t of them and they promptly flew left it on. Gently attempt to move legs; each leg should away and were among the las t Red Admirals I saw thi s be moved individually without struggle. The most summer. important area of movement is the 'ball joint' where legs Where did they go? There was no second brood attach to body underneath beetle. If these joints do not hereabouts! move freely you will not be able to properly position the JW (Jack) Holliday legs. Jaws, horns, antennae and other parts should also 198 Key Worth move easily. If you meet resistance, relax specimen for Ottawa, Canada KIY OE9 a longer period of time. HE PATIENT! A properly relaxed beetle will feel like you just captured it, all parts move without struggle. It is MOUNTING INSTRUCTIONS FOR BEETLES better to leave it in the relaxer too long which only makes it limp and lengthens drying time, rather than When you receive beetles they will be in a stiffened under relaxing which causes you unnecessary repairing condition and you will not be able to move their legs; or from parts breaking off. other parts until properly softened by placing them in a MOUNTING BEETLES: The most difficult part of moist environment for a period of time. This. process is. mounting, and the most important part, is to stick the ~ r..elax.ing. After specimens have been relaxed, they main pin completely through the body of the beetle and may be mounted for display. The following equipment get it in straight. This is accomplished by inserting a will be needed: pin through either left or right elytra (shell) allowing 1. Relaxing chamber. A Tupperware container with a lid the pointed end to protrude out of the bottom of ~he approximately 5"x7"x2" is ideal. specimen which will anchor the beetle onto the mountIng An alternative would be a, large board. margarine container or some other * SEE ILLUSTRATION - make sure similar plastic container. Do not the pin enters the body use metal, it will rust. straight (perpendicular) and 2. Mounting board. A block of styrofoam about does not go through a leg or 12"xI2" at least 1 inch thick is joint when you are inserting ideal. An alternative is balsa it. Make sure 1/2" or more of wood at least 1/4 inch thick. pin protrUdes. 3. pins and • Proper pins are important! Use '" We recommend the belly of the forceps. ELEPHANT OR IMPERIAL BRAND beetle not be pressed agai nst mounting pins because they go in the mounting board, but beetle bodies easily and will not instead, raised enough to give rust or corrode over the years. a natural 'almost walking' Size #3 is average and can appearance. accommodate most beetles but '" When pinning beetles onto various sizes are recommended to mounti ng board make sure have on hand. Forceps are beetles are parallel with optional, they do help when mounting board. A beetle positioning legs, forceps should taking a 'nose dive' is very have spaded or spatula tips. hard to mount! 4. Moth crystals. The use of moth crystals or moth After pinning beetle onto ice is highly recommended to board use a few pins along each prohibit mold and to kill parasites side of specimen to keep it from or dermest ids shou Id they exist. swiveli ng. Then extend the legs The best crystals contain the individually and, using cross chemical PARADICHLOROBENZENE pinning, anchor in place. Also position antennae, horns, (IDB) which is stronger than jaws using cross pinning. When finished, leave on board Napthalene in typical moth balls. to dry. 5. Other supplies. Terry cloth rags (wash cloths are '" SEE ILLUSTRATION - Everyone has their own preference ideal) or paper towels as on how a beetle should look mounted. Technically alternative, scissors, Crazy Glue there is no established way, you are the critic and the or good clear household cement choice is yours. for repairing any breakage, and '" After beetle has dried for at least 24 hours (longer for data labels. large specimens) it should now be stiff and will retain PREPARING THE RELAXING CHAMBER: Place a this position. Remove all pins gently ~~D.1 1h.e. m.ain teaspoon of IDB on bottom of relaxing chamber. l2ln in~. If claws or parts break off don't panic. Generously dampen terry cloth rag or several paper Glue will ",end anything back in place with a little towels with hot water and place rag on top of POB (water practice. is the only moisture you actually need). '" Beetle is now ready to place in your display case. Use RELAXING SPECIMENS: First, transfer names of an extra pin on each side of beetle to prevent beetles, countries of origin, date of capture etc. on to swiveling. Put data label on pin, under specimen. data labels and set aside. (This label will eventually be Keep some IDB in your display case! placed under specimen in your display case. Next, SPEED RELAXING: This technique is not Remove beetle from Whatever package it comes in; do this recommended, but with practice can be used when time is gently so you do not break any parts off. Lay specimen limited. Float beetle on top of boiled water for a few on top of wet rag in relaxing chamber. Dampen another minutes at a time checking often until legs move as they rag and lay on top of beetle(s) for ultimate moisture should. Dip head, jaws, antennae in hot water until conditions. Put lid on, set aside for at least 12 hours. moveable. Length of time varies for large or small 4 specimens. At times colors can be altered temporarily, The 8 I collected went into the pupal stage in three or permanently, by this method. days. Ianni Butterfly Enterprises My next (third) visit was 24 days later on Sept. 5th. Cleveland, Ohio I expected to see large numbers of Monarchs. There were few butterflies "on-the-wing" because of thin clouds becomi ng overcast by 2 p. m., Temp. was 75 0 F wi th the COMMENTS ON XEROXIID LABElS wind SW 10 m.p.h. I saw only 12 Monarchs. On thinking it over, I believe I can account for this low number. Xerox reduction (as reported by Ray Stanford, NEWS This is usually the migrating brood. I had noticed #4) has made label manufacture much easi er for those of earlier that emerging Monarchs seem to rest or fly short us with access to good copy shops. Th e bes t mach ines distances on their first day. Most of this brood had make excellent redlced copies. already flown away. There is no reason why a person using such a From the edge of the Buckwheat-Milkweed fields, I technique should not ensure that his labels will last could see many larvae. The Buckwheat was 12-16" in truly an indefinite period. This can be done by height and the Milkweed about 20-24". I collected 55 purchasing your own 100% cotton rag paper at a larvae in about 1l! minutes. Obviously there were stationary store and using it for the final copies. thousands of larvae in the two fields (in this area, it Anyone who can do a decent job of pinning a lep. can would normally be unusual to find 10 larvae in a day's manage to slip a few sheets of the good stu ff into the search). paper tray of a copy machine. This can save a museum The collected larvae (except for two which died) the trouble of having your labels retyped, perhaps with went into pupae by Sept. 11 (6 days later). Incidently new errors. the pupae were suspended mostly on the East side of the Raymond R. White lid of the cage, some on the South and North sides, but only one on the West side? Butterflies started to emerge on Sept. 21. But before then, on Sept. 19th, I made my fourth visit to the D. plexippus fields. The early morning was a cool 550 F, and hoggy, but by 11 a.m. it was clear and had warmed to 80 F. The bus drops me about 2 miles from the site and it was a pleasant walk along the not-much travelled road. I counted 93 Monarchs on the way to the "fields". As I approached the fields, I "WHEN ALL AT ONCE I SAW A CROWD, photographed six Monarchs on one New-Eng land As ter. A HOST OF DANAUS PLEXIPPUS" Later I photographed 12 on one plant, 8 on another. Jumping a ditch, I cautiously walked along the edge While reading the Xerces Society Butterfly Count, of the field in wonder as newly-emerging Monarchs flew 1984, I noticed that there were no counts from all of weakly away. There were too many to count while taking Ontario, and so I decided to make a count for 1985 in an photographs. I conservatively estimated 500 Monarchs interesting part of the Province near Ottawa, my home. flew up from the two fields as I quietly and carefUlly Kanata is a satellite city, west of Ottawa, with a walked along the e~es. (Carefully because some population of about 50,000, and it contains large open just-emerging could be stepped upon or knocked from areas. their perch.) The area I decided to survey was one well known to I had found a 4" painted turtle on the road. local lepidopterists, a gravel road, level, running in a Apparently his home had dried out in late summer and he N.W. to S.E. direction with Canadian Army rifle ranges on was looking for water. I carried him a mile further and one side (open, weedy fields) and pasture, corn, hay put him into Shirley's Creek. Once beyond 1h.e. fWQ£ the fields on the other side. Milkweed, burdock, thistles numbers of Monarchs dropped dramatically. I didn't go grow unhindered in large areas and some years the any further along the road but retraced my steps to the number of butterflies along this stretch of road is high. "Mother-Lode" trying to formulate some plan to estimate 1985 proved to be an ordinary year as far as species the numbers. and numbers went, but there was a noticeable number of I decided to make a traverse of the fields, side to I2.arulJ.I..s. plexjppu:!, 69. Las t year at the same time (Ju ly side about 100 feet in from the end of the fields. The 23) there had been none. As a matter-of-fact, I only first field, as I walked, counting the Monarchs which saw one D. plexippus. all summer in 1984. flew up in front of me, yielded a total of 73. The Monarchs were especially numerous in two The second field I traversed in the same manner, adjoining fields, which contained numerous Milkweed counting 65. plants, Asclepias ~. One would think, to look at I then walked 100 yds. a long the edge of the fir st the fields, that they had been purposely planted in field where a he~e-row of choke-cherries, Canada plum Milkweed. and saplings grew 15' high and counted the Monarchs The actual facts are that both fields had been which flew out of the trees and bushes, 163. planted in corn for a number of years. In 1984, for Next, I paced along the road to measure the width some reason, the fields were left fallow and a great crop of the two fields, 180 paces -180 yards each. Positioning of milkweed, thistles, and burdock grew. myself to pace the width, I counted 57. (I cou Idn't count 1985 found the fields again not planted to corn but butterflies while pacing). sown late with bUckwheat, which was growing thinly Everywhere I went they flew up and drifted away in among the milkweed. the light SW winds. On July 23, when I made my Xerces count, I didn't Reluctant to walk the length of the fields for notice the buckwheat plants, but on my second visit Aug. reasons probably as follows: (a) burrs accumulating on 12th, the buckwheat was about 4" high. I observed that socks and trousers (b) danger of crushing butterflies and the buckwheat seemed to have been seeded without larvae (c) trampling of buckwheat (d) probable ire of ploughing but the land had been ploughed in ear Iy farmer, I skirted the edges of the fields, collected 4 Spri ng, or more probably the Fall before. Seedi ng had larvae from an even-later 3rd generation; and everwhere broken down most of the milkweed plants and there was a I went, they (butterflies) flew lazily up and away. About lush second-growth about one foot in height. I saw two 300 of them. pairs of Monarchs in copula and some females With considerable elation at my discovery of this egg-depositing. In all, I saw 67 Monarchs and many "host of D.a.n1lY.s. pJexippus" I walked back to the bus, larvae. I collected 8 larvae. All the adu Its were in counting a further 99. While on the bus, I totalled my "mint" condition and probably first generation newly count 93 + 500 + 73 + 163 + 65 + 57 + 99 + 300 = 1,350. emerged. The larvae were second generation and nearly Once home I got out my topographical map and full-sized. measured the length of the two fields (easy, a rORd at

5 one end, a railroad track at the other) 700 yds. DR. ARTHUR C. ALLyN..... As sumi ng I dIs turbed the butterflies 10 feet on ei ther side os I made the slow traver se of the width of Dr. Arthur C. Allyn, founder and Director Emeritis the fields, say 21 ft. - 7 yds; then a series of 7 yd. of the museum that bears his name, passed away on 22 strips in the 700 yd. long field (100 strips) would March 1985, at the age of 71. He was a Life Member of proouce 7:100 in the first field ond 6500 in the second, the Lepidopterists' Society and was also a Fellow of the U,llJl.ll in total, newly-emerged Monarchs. Amazing. Royal Entomological Society of London. Arthur Allyn was The weather cooled daily and many sunny days had a great benefactor of both the Lepidopterists' Society and Southerly winds which would hamper the migration, so in the science of lepidopterology in general, and he was all probability, the majority of these butterflies will die awarded a D. Sc. in recognition of his accomplishments en route, but no doubt some of the earlier generations by the University of Florida in 1981. which left in August and early September will be In addition to establishing the Allyn Museum of sllccessfu1. Entomology, Dr. Allyn was responsible for the Karl On Oct. 17, I made my las t tr ip to the colony to Jordan Medal annually awarded for the most outstanding see how it had fared the colder weather and frosty nights recent lepidopterological work. His main research of Oct. 3, 11, 12 and 15. interests were in the micromorphology of butterflies, I counted 1 (Orange Sulfur) C&lia.s. e..urytheme (not especially through scanning electron microscopy. He was common here-a-bouts); 1 furi.s. r..a~; 2 C&lia.s P.b..il!H!iC.e.; recognized as one of this country's premier SEM low numbers, t8 be expected late in the season and with practitioners. One of his photomicrographs of a trumpet a temp. of 46 F and increasing cloudiness. On the way hair on a lycaenid pupa was the cover illustration in one to the Monarchs fields I saw 4 Monarchs. number of the ~ cl. 1.b..e Entomological ~ cl. Once there, I made a traverse along the North edge Am..e.tka. of the first field counting 76. I discovered some pupae The Allyn Museum of Entomology was merged wi th on the weeds and shrubs, 5 very-dark coloured, which the Florida State Museum at the University of Florida in were proved to be dead (frozen), and 2 green pupae which 1981. It eventually will be moved to Gainesville, but for subsequently produced butterflies. There were hundreds the time being it remains in Sarasota. of empty pupal cases on the shrubs and weeds border~ng Dr. Allyn is survived by his wife, Dorothy, and three the field. (The leaves had started to foll making the children. He was a sincere and friendly man, but he had cases easier to see.) definite opinions on most subjects. He will be missed for In all, I counted l!i1!. Monarchs. A surprising number his ready wit and wise counsel. for so late in the season. Doubly surprising where one Information from Lee D. Miller considers that number would be a good ~'~ 1..Q1.al ***** most years. This particular Kanata site is usually a good DR. ROBERT S. SIMMONS ..... breedi ng ground for Monarchs; on Aug. 12, 1981, the firs t time I visited, my field notes record hundreds of 12. It is with n great deal of sadness that the death on plexippus, but the records of '82 (2); '83 (0); '84 (0) September 28, 1985 of my best collecting friend, Dr. hardly prepared me for 1985, Sept. 18 (1,350). Robert S. Simmons of Baltimore, Maryland, is reported. Only exceptional circumstances, which I hove He became interested in collecting butterflies in early attempted to explain, can produce such an abundance. childhood. We first met while in professional schools in Have others experienced similar "mother-lodes" of Baltimore City in the late 40's. A few years later, in the Monarchs this year, or in the past? mid 50's, we began regularly collecting together on our P.S. The last migrating D. ~~ I saw in my days off: Thursdays. Thi s conti nu ed throughout the years garden Oct. 23, 1985 (3). Last night, Oct. 29, the until about 3 or 4 years ago when he developed n brain temperature was only 20 0 F which should end the butterfly tumor which necessitated an operation which left him season for this year. blind. This was obviously a severe blow to him but he Note: Title borrowed from a line in William was able to maintain his interest in collecting Maryland Wordsworth's poem, The Daffodils (slightly modified). butterflies through his frequent contacts with myself and J. W. (Jack) Holliday several other Maryland lepidopterists. Several times this past year he went with some of us as we collected and kept him in touch by our descriptions of specimens, localities and collecting experiences. A donation has been made by me to the Society Illustrations Fund in memory of my good friend. Submitted by William A. Anderson, M.D. ***** DR. LIONEL G. HIGGINS.....

Dr. Lionel G. Higgins, age 94, died peacefully in his sleep on October 9, 1985 after a short illness. having been active and happy to the end. He lived in Mimbridge, Chobham, England but travelled extensively in pursuit of rare butterflies. He was, according to his daughter, Mrs Gina Savage, one of the last of the true Victorian gentlemen. He was a doctor of medicine and one of the earliest members of the British College of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, spending almost 50 years in the practice of medicine. Butterflies were his lifelong hobby and for over 60 year s he assembled entomologica1 books, presenting one of the finest collections of such books in PADDY McHENRy ..... private hands to The Hope Department of the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, before his death. He gained an Pa~dy Mc~enry, a Charter and Sustaining Member of international reputation as an expert on British and ~e SocIety, dIed on September 13, 1985. His Lepidoptera European butterflies and was author or co-author of lIbrary was bequeathed to the Natural History Museum of numerous books and monographs on butterflies. He Los Ang.eles County. A more extensive obituary is in visited the United States frequently ano collected with preparatIon for later publication. Cyril dos Passos and F. M. Brown among other s. Information from Julian Donahue He was a FellolV of The Royal Entomological Society ***** and an Honorary Life Member of The Lepidopterists' 6 Society. In 1972 he was presented with the Stamford 30,000 companies with their addresses, telephone and Raffles Award by the Duke of Edinburgh for the telex numbers. They have been classifed by specific Zoological Society of London for an outstanding activity which allows the importer or exporter to locate contribution to zoology by an amateur. In 1982 he won needed data precisely. the H. H. Bloomer Award by the Linnean Society in Free copies of the captioned publication are now recognition of his work on European butterflies, given to available upon written request to: Latin American Trade an amateur naturalist who has made an important Council, Circulation Department, P.O. Box 12, San Jose contribution to biological knowledge. His extensive 1007, Costa Rica, (Central America). collection, numbering nearly 100,000 specimens has been donated to the British Museum. Information from John Hinchliff and Cliff Ferris BOOK REVIEWS ***** [Generic Revision m. ~ .Am!!man Zy~aenida.e., wi1h C. BROOKE WORTH ..... descriptions m. ~ ~ llru! Species (Insecta: Lepidoptera)], by G. Tarmann (in German). 1984. Word has been received of the death of C. Brooke Supplement 1-2 of Entomofauna. 176+153 pp. Linz, Worth of De Imont, New Jersey. He had been a Society Austria. Size: 6 x ~ in. US $25.00 (600 Austrian member since 1974. Shillings). Sales: Tiroler Landeskundliches Museum, ***** Zeughausgasse, I, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria (include $1 surface or $4 airmail). WILBUR H. SEWARD..... This new work is a much needed revision of all the New World moths of the family Zygaenidae, the so-called The death of Wilbur H. Seward of Shillinston, smoky moths or leaf skeletonizer moths. The work is Pennsylvania, has been reported by his wife. He became divided into a text part and an illustration part, the a Society member in 1980. latter with 438 black and white photographs or line ***** drawing figures; both parts are hard bound as one book. The revision covers the single subfamily. Procridinae that occurs in the New World, with 24 genera and 156 species from North and South America. There are 5 new genera and 24 new species described in the book, plus many new combinations and new synonymys. The introductory part covers taxonomic features and history of zygaenid moths, general distribution, biology, host plants, 'lnd behavior. There also is a paragraph on the curious cyanide resistance of many zygaenids, one species from Books Guatemala being noted as unaffected by cyanide after even 30 minutes in a cyanide col1ecting vial. A checklist NEW JOURNAL - INSECTA MUNDI and keys to taxa are also provided. The illustrations show the adult moths, detailed morphological features, This is an irregularily published serial for prompt wing venations, and genitalic characters. Although the publication of short papers on the systematics of insects text is in German, the illustrations and geographic of the world, including descriptions of new taxa, informal distributions provided allow anyone to identify New World taxonomic notes, bibliographies, checklists, catalogues, Zygaenidae using this book. Most of the new species are and reviews. New literature is announced and reviewed. Neotropical but 4 new species are described from the Selected news items of general interest are published. Uni ted States. The revision appear s to be a very Announcements and advertisements are accepted. thorough and detailed job, the author having studied Research notes are free. many museum collections as well as having conducted The editors wish to provide publication within three personal field trips to the eastern United States, Mexico months. No page charges are made but contributors are and Guatemala. This book will be needed by anyone required to subscribe to the series at $25.00 per volume interested in these unusual moths and the price will of about 288 pages. Authors are expected to obtain their easily al10w this also. own peer reviews and are fully responsible for published John B. Heppner content. Florida State Collections of Arthropods The editorial board consists of Ross H. Arnett, Jr., P.O. Box 1269, Gainesville, FL Virendra Gupta, John B. Heppner, Lionel A. Stange, Michael C. Thomas, and Robert E. Woodruff. Send 1he. H.l.l1.Le.r1Jy Dar...Qen by Matthew Tekulsky, manuscripts and enqueries to any of the board at The Introduction by Robert Michael Pyle. Harvard Common Florida State Collection of Arthropods, P.O. Box 1269, Press, 5:15 Albany St., Boston, Massachusetts 02118. Gainesville, FL 32602, USA. The series is pUblished by Phone (617) 423-580:1. 192 pages, 6" x 9". Cloth bound FLORA &. FAUNA PUBLICATIONS, 4300 NW 23rd Avenue, $16.95, paper bound $8.95, published Oct 1985. This is Suite 100, Gainesville, FL 32606, USA. primarily a book for gardeners, givin.g in detail the types of plantings and environment needed to attract butterflies to one's garden. However, there is material IMPORT EXPORT DIRECTORY AVAILABLE of interest for lepidopterists also. Information is included on techniques for rearing butterflies, on larval With the object of increasing business relations food plants and on nectaring sources, plus regions and between Latin American countries and the rest of the seasons in North America for more common species and world, the Latin American trade council is distributing also hints on Conservation of Butterflies. The appendices ~ ~ of the !&.tin American .I..mw2tl .ExiWtl list 50 common butterflies with their ranges in the lower Directory (English edition). Countries covered are 48 states and their nectar sources, plus there are lists Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, of sources for Entomological Equipment, Books and Domi nican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Butterfly ova and larvae. There are also lists of Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Butterfly Organizations and Wildflower, Native Plant and Uruguay, and Venezuela. Gardening Organizations in the USA with addresses. This directory is compiled to provide comprehensive Anyone with an interest in attracting butterflies to their and up-to-date information on general business facilities yard or window box will find The Butterfly Garden in Latin America required by overseas companies and interesting and informative reading. It could be organizations for the promotion of international trade especially helpful for someone with a budding interest in and general business contacts. The 400-page plus Latin lepidoptera. American Import Export Directory contains more than June n. Preston

7 From The 1986 PACIFIC SLOPE SECTION ANNUAL MEETING The DATE is Aug 1-3, 1986 (near the time of new moon) and the PLACE is in the Chiricahua Mountains of Editor's Desk SE Arizona at EI Coronado Ranch in Turkey Creek on the west side of the mountains. Elevation is about 5600 ft g~~~~H~ in pine, juniper and oak forest. Whether you are after butterflies or moths or just a good relaxing time in the mountains, there should be something for everyone. MARK YOUR CALENDAR NOWl There have been some requests from members to have the NEWS publish an annual list of the active FIFm EUROPEAN CONGRESS OF LEPIDOPTEROLOGY society committees, naming the persons serving on these committees. At present, there is an Editorial Committee April 7-10, 1986 in Budapest, Hungary. For details (names for this appear annually with the results of the write to Dr. A. M. Vojnits, Zoologica I Dept., Natural Annual Election of Officers), and two ad hoc committees, History Museum, Baross utca 13, H-I088 Budapest VIII, one on Nomenclature and one on Common Names. In NEWS Hungary. #4, 1984, pg 54 the list appears of those serving on the Committee on Nomenclature &. Revision of Catalogue/Checklist plus the charge given to that committee: i.e. to correct existing errors, update the material as necessary and to make any other necessary revisions. Those names also appear in NEWS 115, 1984 on pg 62 within the Minutes of the 35th Annual Meeting. Members of this committee are given again below. Only the name of the Chairman of the Concensus of Common Names Committee has been printed (NEWS #5, 1985, pg Research Notlca 64). The former chairman had resigned from this position in 1984. It is the Editor's understanding that this •I would like to correspond with collectors who have committee has completed it's task. It's charge was to county records for all butterflies, skippers, and members compile a list of all North American butterfly common of the moth families, SATURNIIDAE and SPHINGIDAE, that names now in use in the literature. The Xerces Society have not been published elsewhere for the State of has been requested to publish this list. No attempt was Nebraska. Information gathered will be used for a county made to validate or encourage the use of one name over atiasing project that, hopefUlly, will be available another. The list of committee members also appears sometime in mid-1986. Richard C. Rosche, 501 Shelton below: St., Chadron, NE 69337 Committee on Nomenclature &. Revision of Catalogue Checklist: DON'T PAY A LATE FEE. DUES FOR 1986 NOW PAYABLE! Cliff Ferris, Chairman F. Martin Brown Lee D. Miller Don't forget that your dues for 1986 should have David L. Hancock Stanley S. Nicolay been paid by 1 January 1986. Members who have not paid Consensus of Common Names Committee: their dues by February 15th are considered to be in Jacki e Miller, Chairman arrears, and will not receive any Society publications Cliff Ferris, Vice Chairman Susan Borkin (including the Season Summary) mailed after that date Robert Pyle, Vice Chairman J. McCaffrey unless dues have been paid (By-Laws, Article 0. Members Karolis Bagdonis Lee D. Miller still in arrears on December 31 will be dropped from Deborah Matthews Jon Shepard membership for non-payment of dues (Constitution, Article II John Hinchliff Oakley Shields n. To help cover costs of mailing back issues to late paying members, an additional LATE FEE of $2.00 will be assessed for any members paying their RENEWAL DUES AFTER FEBRUARY 15, 1986. This action was approved at the Annual Meeting in Champaign, Illinois in response to the high costs of sending back issues to late members. Bear in mind that your Society is a membership organization, not just a magazine subscription; if you do Forthcoming Meetings not wish to renew your membership, the courtesy of a letter of resignation to the Treasurer or Secretary will 37th ANNUAL MEETING OF mE SOCIETY be greatly appreciated, besides saving the Society the OTTAWA, ONTARIO, CANADA, 23-26 MAY 1986 cost of mailing reminder notices. Thank you. Eric Metzler, Treasurer The 37th Annual Meeting of the Lepidopterists' Society will be held at Carleton University, Ottawa, COLLECTING POLICY AVAILABLE FROM mE TREASURER Canada, on Memorial Day weekend (23-26 May 1986). If you plan to attend the meeting and have not yet sent in Copies of the Collecting Policy of The the preregistration form printed in the Nov.lDec. issue of Lepidopterists' Society are still available from the the NEWS, please do so at once. Your preregistration Treasurer. The Collecti ng Policy was adopted by The would greatly help the planning committee to organize Lepidopterists' Society in 1982, and is a policy statement the meeting more effectively. of the "rationale and practices of collecting Lepidoptera" If you wish to donate items suitable for door for The Lepidopterists' Society and its members. prizes, which will be drawn at the annual banquet, please The Collecting Policy was published in the NEWS of send them to Don Lafontaine, or bring them to the The Lepidopterists' Society, No.5, Sept/Oct 1982. If for meeting. any reason a member doesn't have a copy, or would like For further information, write Don Lafontaine, an additional copy, please send a #10 (business sized) Biosystematics Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Self Addressed Stamped (22 cents for each copy) Envelope Ottawa, Ontario, Canada KIA OC6, or phone Don to the Ti"easurer: Eric H. Metzler, 1241 Kildale Sq. N., Lafontaine, P.T. Dang, or Suzanne Allyson at (613) Columbus, Ohio 43229, U.S.A. 996-1665 (days), or Don Lafontaine at (613) 225-1841 The Collecting Policy may be reproduced without (evenings). permission.

8 RESEARCH ASSISTANT POSITION OPEN their interests known at this time. As in the case of the Secretary, the Treasurer is a The Massachusetts Natural Heritage Program is busy person, and fills a most important role in the initiating a study of the population dynamics, habitat use day-to-day business of the Society. The Treasurer keep s and management needs of Speyeria i.QaJ.la on Nantucket the Society financially solvent. A fundamental knowledge Island in 1986. A 2-year study suitable for a Masters­ of bookkeeping or accounting, although not mandatory, level graduate project is envisioned with specific will be most helpful. The current Treasurer will also be objectives including, but not necessarily limited to, the available to assist the new Treasurer in any way following: possible. 1) determination of the size, distribution, and movement Any persons interested in being Treasurer are patterns of Speyeria i.Qa.li.a on Nantucket, encouraged to step forward to volunteer or suggest 2) quantification of habitat use, including food plants someone who wou Id like to volunteer. Please feel free used by larvae and nectar sources used by adults, to contact Eric H. Metzler, 1241 Kildale Sq. N., 3) determination of the limiting factors and ColumbUS, Ohio 43229 U.S.A., (614) 888-3642 home, or management needs of the species, (614) 265-6774 work, to learn more about the duties of 4) development of specific management recommendations Treasurer. We look forward to hearing from you. for conservation of Speyeria i.Qalia on Nantucket. The MNHP can provide $1000 for travel and other TRINIDAD ANYONE! fieldwork-related expenses in 1986; plus additional funds may be available for the 2M year of the study. Housing IRlIDl2A.D - Maximum of 14 Lepidopterists. Group may be available on NantUCket during the June-September tour to rainforests of Northern Trinidad - 7 to 14 days. field season through an excellent arrangement with the Leaving on July 12, 1986. Over 700 species of butterflies, University of Massachusetts Nantucket Field Station. thousands of moths. Tour all inclusive including Potential cooperators, including prospective graduate generator, MV lights, traps and bait. Previous trips: students, graduat e facu lty who may be interested in M.2rD..h.o., lkli~, Lycaenidae, S!l.turniidae, SpbingjQae., advising a student and assisting in seeking additional Arctiidae, and other insects from the tinies t up the giant financial support, or conservation organizations that may Dynastes beetles. Free tiCket to island of Tobago. Send be interested in contributing funding should contact Dr. 66¢ in stamps for information and registration form. Scott M. Melvin, Program Zoologist, Massachusetts Nature's All, 435 Main St., Johnson City, NY t:l790, USA. Natural Heritage Program, Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, 100 Cambridge Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02202; phone (617) 727-9194 or 727-3151. NEW FlEW STATION OPEN

REPRINTS AVAILABLE ON REQUEST BLUE MOUNTAIN FIELD STATION, IRISH TOWN, JAMAICA, WESI' INDI ES, was opened March 9, 1985. The Dr. M. T. Myres, Associate Professor of Zoology at station offers facili ties and fu II accommodat ion for the University of Calgary in Alberta, Canada recently professional and amateur biologists, geologists and published a paper entitled "A Southward Return Migration workers in all areas of terrestrial ecology. It is of Painted Lady Butterflies, Vanessa ~, over situated at 2800 feet in the foothills of the Blue Southern Alberta in the Fall of 1983 and Mountains. It comprises 600 square feet of laboratory Biometeorological Aspects of their Outbreaks into North and study space, has 60 feet of bench length, electricity America and Europe" in the Canadian Field Naturalist. He and water, and essential equipment such as has informed the NEWS that reprints of his article are stereomicroscopes. Adjacent to the laboratory are three available to anyone in the Lepidopterists' Society who is separate and self-contained apartments, each capable of interested in either Vanessa ~ or migrations. He accommodating 4-7 people. Separate patios and a large, has developed several theories in his article to explain outdoor dining area command magnificent views over the unusual migration and to provide for future Kingston (13 miles distant by road), its harbour, Henry research. Anyone interested in obtaining "a reprint Morgan's old city of Port Royal, and a coastal scenery should write to Dr. Myres at the Dept. of Biology, stretching fifty miles to the west. To the east there are University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N IN4, Canada, views towards Dallas Mountain, Guava Ridge and Blue or phone (403) 220-5261. Mountain itself. The situation is a perfect compromise between the remoteness of the central mountains, where XERCES BUTIERFLY COUNT facilities are poor, and the long distance of the coastal I towns, like Kingston, to the terrestrial habitats in the The 1985 Fourth of Ju ly Butterfly Count sponsored montane forests. The climate is ideal wi t8 alb average by the Xerces Society was held between May and August, daily terrperature, winter and summer, of 22 -28 C. primarily June and July. There were 36 separate counts These facilities are jointly run by Mr. D. Hall, held. The printed report, including a summary of affectionately known as "Shamrock", in this small, significant trends and high counts for each species will mountain township, and Dr. B. E. Freeman, a graduate of be distributed in April or May together with the the University of Southampton, England, and a research announcement of the 1986 count. Member s of the scientist of 25 years experience, inclUding 15 years in Lepidopterists' Society may organize counts or Jamaica. The all-i n fees for accommodation, meals, participate. Copies of previous count reports may be laboratory facilities and transport to and from the airport are $40.00 per day, with a minimum booking of obtained by writing the Xerces Secretary, Dr. Lawrence F. Gall, Department of Entomology-Peabody Museum, Yale seven days. The station can normally provide transport University, New Haven, CT 06520. The 1982-83 and 1984 inclusive of the driver for about $40 per day. We also reports are $4.00 plus postage while the earlier reports provide access to difficult sites in the mountainous are $2.00 each. Information on joining the Xerces interior by Land Rover at $50 per day. The station can Society is also available. offer other services. For examp Ie, we can hos t you r field course in any aspect of terrestrial, tropical biology or geology. We can also assist in your teaching VOLUNTEERS FOR TREASURER'S OFFICE souGirr program, since we have available several teachers with American or British Ph.D. 's and several years tropical The three year term of the Treasurer's Office is research experience in these areas. Additionally, we run nearly over, and volunteers are sought to fill this one or two week field courses in tropical ecology and important job in The Lepidopterists' Society. The current tropical entomology. Costs here would be in the range Treasurer, Eric Metzler, took over the job in July of $35-$50 per day and are all-in. Further enquiries should 1984, therefore, he will be completing his term in office be made to: Dr. B. E. Freeman, Reader in in July of 1987. Since nominees must be on the ballot in Ecology, Department of Zoology, University of the West the fall of 1986, prospective candidates shou ld make Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica. 9 JOURNAL UPDATE TUTTLE, JAMES P.: 3838 Fernleigh Street, Troy, MI 48083. The next issue of the JOURNAL of the WALAS, JOHN P.: 844 Red River Road, Thunder Bay, Lepidopterists' Society, Vol. 39, #2, will probably be Ontario P7B 5K4, CANADA. mailed in late January of 1986. WARREN, ROBERT J.: P.O. Box 1951, McAlester, OK 74502.

c::._~ ,/ New Members ~~~:;~ The Market Place ".....,,~.::. ".f~ Buy. Sell. Exchange. Wants .!'r ~ , I'. CALLOWAY, KAREN M.: Dept. of Ecology &. Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92717. CHANNING, MICHAEL D.: 25212 Stockport, #172, Laguna 8UY - SELL - EXCHANGE: POLICY STATEMENT•••• Hills, CA 92653. CHARBONEAU, ROBERT W.: P.O. Box 725, Cascade, CO At the Executive Council meeting in Fairbanks in June 80809. 1979 it was decided that the policy regarding placement CODY, JOHN: 2704 Woodrow Court, Hays, I