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"Quartz–Sericite and Argillic Alterations at the Peschanka Cu–Mo–Au Deposit, Chukchi Peninsula, Russia" L. I

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See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/284918589 Quartz-sericite and argillic alterations at the Peschanka Cu-Mo-Au deposit, Chukchi Peninsula, Russia Article in Geology of Ore Deposits · May 2015 DOI: 10.1134/S1075701515030034 CITATIONS READS 6 198 7 authors, including: Ivan Baksheev A. F. Chitalin Lomonosov Moscow State University INSTITUTE OF GEOTECHNOLOGY LLC, Moscow, Russia 61 PUBLICATIONS 222 CITATIONS 19 PUBLICATIONS 63 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Ildar Kalko Vsevolod Yuriyevich Prokof’ev Lomonosov Moscow State University Russian Academy of Sciences 22 PUBLICATIONS 46 CITATIONS 312 PUBLICATIONS 1,133 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Magma - tectonics - ore events - geology - inclusions RELATION and correlation (in Middle East, Caucasus, Tajikistan etc). etc. View project Fluid Inclusion Characteristic of the Kisladag Gold Deposit View project All content following this page was uploaded by Vsevolod Yuriyevich Prokof’ev on 07 December 2015. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. ISSN 10757015, Geology of Ore Deposits, 2015, Vol. 57, No. 3, pp. 213–225. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2015. Original Russian Text © L.I. Marushchenko, I.A. Baksheev, E.V. Nagornaya, A.F. Chitalin, Yu.N. Nikolaev, I.A. Kal’ko, V.Yu. Prokofiev, 2015, published in Geologiya Rudnykh Mestorozhdenii, 2015, Vol. 57, No. 3, pp. 239–252. Quartz–Sericite and Argillic Alterations at the Peschanka Cu–Mo–Au Deposit, Chukchi Peninsula, Russia L. I. Marushchenkoa, I. A. Baksheeva, E. V. Nagornayab, A. F. Chitalinc, Yu. N. Nikolaeva, I. A. Kal’koa, and V. Yu. Prokofievd a Mocow State University, Moscow, 119234 Russia b Vernadsky State Geological Museum, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Mokhovaya 11, str. 11, Moscow, 125009 Russia c Regional Mining Company LLC, ul. Sadovnicheskaya 4, Moscow, 115035 Russia d Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Staromonetny per. 35, Moscow, 119017 Russia Received July 22, 2014 Abstract—The porphyry Peschanka copper–molybdenum–gold deposit and the Nakhodka ore field located in the Baimka ore trend on the western Chukchi Peninsula are spatially related to monzonitic rocks of the Early Cretaceous Egdykgych Complex. Two types of quartz–sericite metasomatic rocks (QSR) have been identified at both the deposits and the ore field: (I) chlorite–quartz–muscovite rock with bornite and chal copyrite (porphyry type) and (II) tourmaline–quartz–carbonate–muscovite ± phengite rock accompanied by veins with basemetal mineralization (subepithermal or transitional type), as well as carbonate–quartz– illite rock (argillic alteration) accompanied by veins with precious metal mineralization (epithermal type). The QSR I chlorite evolves from chamosite to clinochlore, which is caused by increasing H2S activity in min eralizing fluid and precipitation of sulfide minerals. The QSR I clinochlore is significantly depleted in silica as compared with that from the rocks affected by argillic alteration. The chemical composition of muscovite from both quartz–sericite alterations is similar. The QSR II carbonates evolve from calcite through dolomite to siderite, which results from the increasing activity of CO2 followed by the decreasing activity of H2S in min eralizing fluid. The Mn content in dolomite is similar to that in beresite (quartz–muscovite–carbonate– pyrite metasomatic rock) of the intrusionrelated gold deposits. Illite from argillic alteration is depleted in Al as compared with that of postvolcanic epithermal Au–Ag deposits. However, carbonates from the discussed argillic alteration rhodochrosite and Mnrich dolomite are similar to those from quartz–illite rock at postvol canic epithermal Au–Ag deposits. DOI: 10.1134/S1075701515030034 INTRODUCTION Several types of alteration are conventionally iden tified at porphyry copper deposits: biotite–potassium Porphyry deposits are the main source of copper all feldspar–quartz (potassic), propylitic, quartz–seric over the world. In Russia, these deposits are located in ite, and argillic. The first type of alteration forms an the Ural, Kuznetsk Alatau, Eastern Syan, Chukotka, internal zone of metasomatic aureole with negligible SikhoteAlin, and Kamchatka folded areas. The larg Cu–Mo mineralization. The outer zone is barren pro est deposits in Russia are Aksug in Tuva and Peschanka pylitic. The quartz–sericite alteration are located in the Chukchi Peninsula; the latter, along with the within the potassic zone and localized above it, Nakhodka ore field (NOF), is situated in the Baimka accompanying the porphyry mineralization. Epither Cu–Mo–Au trend located 200 km south of Bilibino. mal preciousmetal mineralization is spatially related This trend comprises four porphyry copper fields to argillic alteration. In addition, the carbonate–base (from north to south): Yuryakh (YOF), Peschanka metal mineralization frequently developed at por (total copper reserves about 6 Mt) Nakhodka (copper phyry molybdenum–copper deposits (Corbett and reserves about 3 Mt) (Chitalin et al., 2013), and Leach, 1998) is regarded as transitional from porphyry Omchak, which were discovered in the late 1960 to to the epithermal stage. Sillitoe (2010) has proposed early 1970s and were explored up to early 1990s (Migachev, 1984; Migachev et al., 1995; Kaminskii, calling it subepithermal. At most porphyry copper 1989; Shapovalov, 1990; Volchkov, 1982). Prospecting deposits related to granodiorite, this type of mineral and exploration were renewed in 2009 and further ization is spatially related to propylitic alteration. The researches in this region were feasible. Mount Milligan deposit in Canada related to monzo nitic rocks exemplifies subepithermal veins and vein Corresponding author: L.I. Marushchenko. Email: lets accompanied by wallrock alteration composed of [email protected] quartz, chlorite, sericite, tourmaline, and carbonates 213 214 MARUSHCHENKO et al. formed in a continental arc environment. Porphyry deposits are related to the Early Cretaceous Egdykgich Complex, whose monzonitic bodies intrude into the Upper Jurassic volcanic and volcanic–sedimentary sequence (Fig. 1). Nikolaev et al. (in press) have reported in detail the geology of the Baimka trend and separate ore fields and deposits. Bo Four types of altered rocks were identified at the lsh oi deposits and prospects within the Baimka trend: An yu (1) biotite–potassium feldspar–quartz (BPFQR), i R iv er (2) propylite, (3) quartz–sericite (QSR), and (4) argillic. Biotite–potassium feldspar–quartz metasomatic rock forming internal zone of metasomatic aureole is predominant at the Peschanka deposit and prospects of YOF. Propylite occurring at all locations of the I Baimka trend forms an outer zone of hydrothermal alteration replacing intrusive, volcanic, and volcanic– sedimentary rocks. The abundance of quartz–sericite I 1 alteration increases from the YOF to NOF, indicating the decreasing erosion level of ore fields. Quartz– 2 sericite alteration is sporadic in YOF. At the Peschanka II deposit, it forms zones cutting BPFQR, while in NOF 3 it is the most abundant. Carbonate–quartz–ilite metasomatic rock to which epithermal precious metal 4 mineralization of the Vesenny deposit is related is abundant in NOF. Metasomatic rock containing illite 5 III is attributed to argillic alteration (Zharikov et al., 1998). Altered rock with illite was found neither at the 6 Peschanka deposit nor in the YOF. In the Omchak ore field, argillic alteration is represented by calcite–adu IV laria–chlorite rock. The porphyry Cu–Mo mineralization spatially 20 km related to potassic and quartz–sericite zones com prises impregnation and stockworks of quartz veins and veinlets with bornite, chalcopyrite, molybdenite, Fig. 1. Location of ore fields within the Baimka trend. pyrite, and Tifree magnetite. The average Cu and Mo (1) Ore field, (2–5) Types of hydrothermal alteration: grades at Peshanka and Nakhodka are 0.53% and (2) potassic, (3) propylitic, (4) quartz–sericite zones cut ting potassic alteration, (5) argillic. (I) Yuryakh, 140 g/t and 0.34% and 54 g/t, respectively (Chitalin (II) Peschanka, (III) Nakhodka, (IV) Omchak. et al., 2013). The Re/Os model age of molybdenite from the Peschanka deposit and NOF is 142.6 ± 6.9 and (Le Fort et al., 2011). Similar metasomatic rock 143.3 ± 3.0 Ma, respectively (Baksheev et al., 2014), accompanied by veins with galena, sphalerite, and which is proximate, within error, to the U/Pb age of chalcopyrite was found at the Peschanka deposit and the Egdykgych Complex 139.5 ± 0.5 – 140.3 ± 0.5 Ma NOF, but within intrusions. At the Vesenny deposit in (Kotova et al., 2012). The minerals of the carbonate– NOF, quartz–carbonate veins with precious metal basemetal assemblage fill veins and veinlets hosted in mineralization are hosted in quartz–illite alteration both potassic and quartz–sericite alterations. Galena containing Mnrich carbonates. and sphalerite are the major ore minerals; chalcopyrite The objective of this study is to specify the mineral and tennantite–tetrahedrite are minor; enargite, Te ogical features of quartz–sericite alteration related to minerals (hessite, native tellurium), and native gold porphyry and subepithermal mineralization and to are occasional. Economic epithermal mineralization show a difference in argillic alteration at porphyry and spatially related to carbonate–quartz–illite
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