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Rational Decision Making

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Rational Decision Making International Journal of Sanskrit Research 2018; 4(1): 80-85 International Journal of Sanskrit Research2015; 1(3):07-12 ISSN: 2394-7519 IJSR 2018; 4(1): 80-85 Rational decision making: Vedic perspective © 2018 IJSR www.anantaajournal.com Hemanth Goparaj and Radha R Sharma Received: 15-11-2017 Accepted: 16-12-2017 Abstract Ancient Indian Literature that comprises of Vedas and other texts focused on how a person becomes Hemanth Goparaj VP-HR Berkadia Services India rational and how the rationality enables him to take appropriate decisions. Vedas culminate in to Vedanta Private Limited, Balaram Nagar, which have Upanishads embedded within. There are 108 Upanishads available. Spiritual guru, Adi Safilguda, Hyderabad, Shankaracharya, studied nearly sixteen of them. Taittriya Upanishad, written by him, explains the Telangana, India philosophy of various kosas/ sheaths covering the soul. The same concept of kosas was explained in his book ‘Atmabodha’ with greater clarity. Panchakosaadi Yogena, Tat Tanmaya Iva Sthitah, Suddhaatma Radha R Sharma Neelavastraadi, Yogena Sphatiko Yathaa. (When covered with a blue cloth, a pure colourless crystal Professor in OB & Dean looks like a blue crystal. Atma with union of five Kosas, appears to have borrowed their qualities upon Research, Management it). The Five Kosas are: Annamaya, Pranamaya, Manomaya, Vijnanamaya and Ananda Maya. Development Institute, Shankaracharya, said “the supreme goal of human beings is “self-knowledge”. Just as rice is obtained by Management Development pounding paddy and separating the husk, bran etc., pure Atma gets separated from the five Kosas that Institute, Mehrauli Road, have encircled it through careful discrimination. This detachment makes individual realize knowledge of Sukhrali, Gurgaon, Haryana, the self and makes him rational to think and act effectively in decision making. The concept has been India discussed in the paper. Keywords: Vedic perspective, ancient Indian literature Introduction Ancient Indian literature is vast and covers several topics those are very critical for the present day managers. Rational Decision making is one such issue that is expected from every senior business leader across globe while taking people to next level in organization. In several situations, leaders hesitate to take decision and think no. of times and remain in a state of dilemma in taking decision. Ancient Indian texts, Vedic treatises, Upanishad doctrines, shlokas of Bhagavad Gita, and works of Shri. Shankaracharya have stressed the importance of rational decision making. An attempt is made in this article how ancient Indian literature has focused on methods to be adopted in rational decision making by individual. Modern Literature on Rational Decision Making Rational thought does not come natural to human beings. From our evolutionary journey we have arrived and programmed to survive in a hostile and unpredictable environment [17] (Glimcher, 2004) . Every individual has feelings, hopes, aspirations, desires, and prejudices. Individuals believe that making decisions based on feelings, hopes, aspirations, and prejudices is only natural. However it is proved scientifically that feelings, hopes, aspirations, and prejudices find a place in the rational decision-making process (Goleman, 1997) [14]. Every action has certain consequences. Individuals can choose his actions, but cannot choose the consequences of those actions. The consequences of each and every decision taken by individual are determined by the action taken by that individual. Reality is a network of inter- connected systems (Noorani, 2003) [28]. Decisions are usually influenced by the systems in Correspondence which individual lives and grow. Prof. Radha R Sharma From managing oneself, to managing his family-the place where individual lives, managing Professor in OB & Dean the work place- place where an individual works, every individual becomes busy designing Research, Management and managing various systems. If individual make decisions based on how he feels at the time, Development Institute, he will be managing his feelings and not the situation at hand. Decisions made based on Management Development Institute, Mehrauli Road, feelings will lead to the miss management of any system that could deliver the benefits he Sukhrali, Gurgaon, Haryana, wishes to pursue. So individual needs to make every decision very methodically following an India objective rational process and the Rational Path. ~ 80 ~ International Journal of Sanskrit Research Rational Decision Making "As fire is covered by smoke, as a mirror is covered by dust, The first requirement for making a rational decision making is or as the embryo is covered by the sheath, the living entity is that Individual has to separate facts and principles from his similarly covered by different degrees of this lust." feelings, fantasies, and opinions. This will enable an Avrtam jnanam etena, jnanino nitya-vairina, kama-rupena individual to be proactive and respond to new situations with kaunteya purpose, instead of merely reacting to feelings. It gives an duspurenanalena ca (B.G 3.39) opportunity to question oneself what he is trying to "Thus individual’s pure consciousness is covered by his accomplish, and why he need to do that (Noorani, 2003) [28]. eternal enemy in the form of lust, which is never satisfied and The rational, or analytical, decision-making method is a which burns like fire." normative decision model in which an individual carefully It is said that illusion sits in the senses, mind and intelligence evaluates various alternatives and weighs their pros and cons of individual thus making him irrational. in order to make a decision that best achieves the desired Indriyani mano Buddhir, asyadhisthanam ucyate, etair outcome. Academic researchers have outlined a formal vimohayaty esa process for rational decision-making. With rational decisions: jnanam avrtya dehinam (B. G. 3.40) one can be more productive in terms of his individual efforts, "The senses, the mind and the intelligence are the sitting improve the performance of his organizations through better places of this lust. Through them lust covers the real crafting and implementing of strategic initiatives, and help knowledge of the living entity and bewilders him." build a better future for the human family through public policy. b) How to make individual rational: To make one self rational, individual has to remove the lust/illusion: Rational Decision Making Indian Perspective Lord Krishna in Bhagavad Gita says that tasmat tvam Indian Literature says that rational decision making happens indriyany adau, niyamya bharatarsabha, papmanam prajahi hy when individual is focused on himself. Every individual has enam jnana-vijnana-nasanam BG 3.41 great potentials. Those potentials should get enriched in a Krishna says to Arjuna that every individual has to curb lust proper system. However great potentials an individual has or at the budding stage by regulating the senses, and get rid of it however mighty individual is, he at times remains in state of which destroys individual’s knowledge and his thrust for self- confusion. realization. Bhagavad Gita the greatest treatise on Indian Sub continent Indriyani parany ahur, indriyebhyah param manah, manasas begins with a description of the breakdown of a healthy, tu para buddhir yo buddheh paratas tu sah BG 3.42 competent human being in a very stressful and conflicting The working senses are superior to dull matter; mind is higher situation. Stress was due to the stake involved and the than the senses; intelligence is still higher than the mind. immediacy of the crisis and conflict because of lack of Evam buddheh param buddhva, samstabhyatmanam atmana, acceptable choices. So Bhagavad Gita's focus is a healthy jahi satrum maha-bahokama-rupam durasadam BG 3.43 mind in temporary crisis, which if not solved may deteriorate Lord Krishna says to Arjuna that one should keep steady the into mental, physical and social illness. Arjuna's mental state mind by deliberate spiritual intelligence Thus every individual is referred as “Dharma Sammoodha Cheta”-which means the should be transcendental to the material senses, mind and state of dilemma that aroused out of confusion. Arjuna was intelligence, then can conquer this insatiable enemy “lust”. searching for righteous act. Yad yad acarati sresthas, tat tad evetaro janah, sa yat Bhagavad Gita gives a picture of the enlightened person -- pramanam kurute lokas tad anuvartate BG 3.44 Sthitaprajna -- which is the ultimate possibility of human life- Whatever action a great man performs, common men follow. a mind abiding happily in the happy self while engaged in the And whatever standards he sets by exemplary acts, all the world with altruistic intentions, calm and free from emotional world pursues. fluctuations. Self ignorance projects desire to possess and Hence individual should understand that he should set himself indulge leading to frustrations which leads to further desire as an example so that people who follow him will learn the prompted activities and the cycle repeats endlessly. Lord good deeds. Krishna tells to Arjuna to enter in to a state called “Nistraigunyo Bhava” which is beyond all three gunas c) What Individual is supposed to do while taking focusing on Atman. decisions The focus of Bhagavad Gita never deviates from the goal Karmanyevadhikaraste, ma phalesu kadacana, ma karma- while dealing with the various means to reach the goal. -- All phala-hetur bhur ma te sangostvakarmani B.G 2.47 broods of
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