DOCSLIB.ORG

Crossing the Rubicon? Legal Developments in Assisted Suicide†

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Crossing the Rubicon? Legal Developments in Assisted Suicide† Advances in psychiatric treatment (2014), vol. 20, 369–377 doi: 10.1192/apt.bp.113.011668 Crossing the Rubicon? Legal ARTICLE developments in assisted suicide† Susan F. Welsh Current law and assisted suicide Susan Welsh is a consultant SUMMARY psychiatrist for older people in UK law on assisted suicide and euthanasia is very In England and Wales, at common law, suicide Cambridge and, until recently, was clear: it is unlawful. However, there have been used to be a criminal offence. Although a person a member of the Special Committee for Professional Practice and Ethics successive proposals for changes to legislation who actually died by suicide would be beyond the (SCPPE) at the Royal College of in this area (in England and Scotland) and a series reach of the criminal justice system, this was not Psychiatrists. She studied for an of individual challenges to current legislation in true for those who survived a suicidal act: they MPhil in Medical Law as part of the courts. This article does not seek to debate risked being prosecuted, as under common law it her higher specialist training, under the profound ethical arguments that surround was an offence to attempt to commit a crime. Professor Sheila A. M. MacLean, and is currently studying part-time this emotive subject, but instead to portray how The Suicide Act 1961 changed this situation: the law, through court judgment and legislative for an LLB. Her interests are mainly in the area of medical law and pro posals, has wrestled with opposing views, ‘the rule of law whereby it is a crime for a person to commit suicide is hereby abrogated’ (section 1). ethics pertaining to psychiatry. particularly over the past decade or so, as the Correspondence Dr Susan impact of the Human Rights Act has presented However, section 2 of the Act as originally enacted F. Welsh, Beechcroft, Fulbourn unique challenges. Some of our closest European states: Hospital, Cambridge CB21 5EF, UK. neigh bours have diverse legislation that could Email: [email protected] ‘a person who aids, abets, counsels, or procures influence our own legislature, and, from across the suicide of another, or an attempt by another the Atlantic, the Oregon Death with Dignity Act to commit suicide, shall be liable on conviction †For a commentary on this article, is being mir rored in proposals to change the law on indictment to imprisonment for a term not see pp. 378–379. in the UK. exceeding 14 years’. LEARNING OBJECTIVES Section 2 has since been amended by the • Be able to recognise the impact of the Human Coroners and Justice Act 2009 in response to Rights Act on challenges to legislation relating to legal challenge (see below). This Act, together with assisted suicide. guidance for the prosecutors (Director of Public • Understand proposals for statute. Prosecutions 2010) setting out factors favouring • Appreciate how certain other countries legislate and against prosecution, clarifies the law. There in this area. have been high-profile media reports (both before and after these clarifications were made) of DECLARATION OF INTEREST individuals being accompanied to the Dignitas None. clinic in Switzerland for the purpose of assisted Nowhere are opinions more polarised in BOX 1 Euthanasia contemporary medical law and ethics than in the debates about voluntary euthanasia (Box 1) and • Euthanasia and assisted suicide are illegal under assisted suicide. Recent challenges in the English English law. Euthanasia is regarded as manslaughter or courts, and a Private Member’s Bill tabled in the murder, punishable by law with a maximum penalty of House of Lords in May last year by Lord Falconer life imprisonment (House of Lords 2013), ensure that the subject • Voluntary euthanasia is where a person makes a retains centre stage in the public arena. Lord Goff conscious decision to die and asks for help in this confirmed in Airedale NHS Trust v Bland [1993] • Non-voluntary euthanasia is where a person is unable AC 789 that: to give consent ‘it is not lawful for a doctor to administer a drug to • Active euthanasia is deliberately intervening to end his patient to bring about his death, even though someone’s life that course is prompted by a humanitarian desire • Passive euthanasia is where a person causes death by to end his suffering, however great that suffering withholding or withdrawing treatment that is necessary might be […]. So to act is to cross the Rubicon which runs between on the one hand the care of the living to maintain life patient and the other hand euthanasia […]’. 369 Welsh The Court decided, however, that she was BOX 2 The European Convention on Human unable to show that the DPP’s refusal to guarantee Rights that her husband would not face prosecution (if The UK was one of the first countries to sign up to he helped her to take her own life) under section the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) in 2 of the Suicide Act 1961 amounted to a breach 1951, after it was drawn up by the Council of Europe of her rights under the ECHR, concluding (R in 1950. It came into force in 1953. It has been ratified (on the application of Pretty) v Director of Public by all 47 member states of the Council of Europe. It is a Prosecutions [2001] UKHL 61) that: requirement for any member state of the European Union (EU), therefore all 28 EU member states are signatories. • under article 2 (the right to life), there is no negative aspect, i.e. it does not include a right to die • under article 3 (the prohibition of torture and suicide (Crown Prosecution Service 2008; Powell inhumane treatment), the State is under no 2009), and of such acts occurring closer to home obligation to sanction acts that lead to death (Burns 2010) without any prosecutions taking • under article 9 (freedom of conscience), there was place. Earlier this year the media reported on the no interference with this freedom case of a woman who helped her elderly parents in • under article 14 (the prevention of discrimi- England to take lethal drugs that she had ordered nation), the law was justified in failing to over the internet, at their request. Her parents had distinguish between those who were capable of been rejected by Dignitas because of her mother’s ending their own life and those who were not. dementia. The mother’s psychiatrist gave evidence at the inquest into their deaths that her patient did Article 8, however, was more complex, with not have capacity and was susceptible to coercion. article 8(1) stating that ‘everyone has the right to The Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) decided respect for his private and family life, his home it was not in the public interest to prosecute the and his correspondence’, which means that people daughter (Urquhart 2014). have a right to self-determination. Article 8(1) is The law on assisted suicide in Northern Ireland not an absolute right, but a qualified right. Article is the same as the law in England and Wales. 8(2) further specifies that: In Scotland there is no specific crime of assisted ‘there shall be no interference by a public authority suicide, but people who assist in the suicide of with the exercise of this [article 8(1)] right except such as is in accordance with the law and is necessary another may be liable for prosecution for the crime in a democratic society in the interest of national of culpable homicide. security, public safety, or the economic wellbeing of the country, for the prevention of disorder or Case law challenges crime, for the protection of health or morals, or for the protection of the rights and freedoms of others’ The Human Rights Act 1998, which incorporated (emphasis added as pertinent to later discussion), the European Convention on Human Rights thus limiting article 8(1) in certain clearly speci- (ECHR) (Box 2) into UK law in 2000, has led to a fied circumstances, and any limitation must be series of legal challenges to the Suicide Act 1961, proportionate, i.e. must not go beyond what is the first by Dianne Pretty in 2001. absolutely necessary to achieve the aim under The case of Dianne Pretty article 8(2). In the case of Pretty [2001] Lord Bingham Ms Pretty was suffering from motor neuron stated: disease, and took civil proceedings in the English courts by means of judicial review (Box 3) of a ‘I would for my part accept the Secretary of State’s submission that Mrs Pretty’s rights under decision by the Director of Public Prosecutions article 8 are not engaged at all. If, however, that (DPP) on the criminal law matter of complicity in conclusion is wrong, and the prohibition of assisted suicide and its compatibility with the ECHR. suicide in section 2 of the 1961 Act infringes her convention right under article 8, it is necessary to consider whether the infringement is shown by the BOX 3 Judicial review Secretary of State to be justifiable under the terms of article 8(2)’. A mandatory order, prohibiting order and quashing And furthermore (in referring to the Suicide order are remedies for individuals who successfully Act 1961), challenge acts of public officials or public authorities in ‘the power to dispense with and suspend laws the Administrative Court of the High Court in England and and the execution of laws without the consent Wales. of Parliament was denied to the Crown and its servants by the Bill of Rights 1689’. 370 Advances in psychiatric treatment (2014), vol. 20, 369–377 doi: 10.1192/apt.bp.113.011668 Crossing the Rubicon? with her rights under article 8(1).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Epa Suicidology and Suicide Prevention Section Report 2017
    EPA SUICIDOLOGY AND SUICIDE PREVENTION SECTION REPORT 2017 SECTION BOARD MEMBERS: Chairperson: Prof. Marco SARCHIAPONE Co-chairperson: Prof. Jorge LOPEZ CASTROMAN Secretary: Dr. Carla GRAMAGLIA Councillor: LAST SECTION BOARD ELECTIONS HELD: Date: 2016-04-18 Venue: N.A. ACTIVITIES OF THE SECTION IN 2017: Meetings/events EPA-SSSP Business Meeting Description: EPA-SSSP Section Business Meeting EPA Congress, Florence, Italy, Firenze Fiera Congress Centre, Piazza Adua, 1, Room 15, Palazzina Lorenese, 1st Floor, Date: Friday, April 4th 2017, Time: 10-11.30 a.m. After the Welcome from the chair, we had a brief update about EPA-SSSP members. Marco Sarchiapone said a few words concerning the Section, underscoring the large number of Members (this section is the biggest section of EPA) and the intensive work done. The Annual report 2016 was shared as well as information about the last meetings and activities of the section. Participants were informed about the EUDOR projects, which involved several Section members, who had had a Consensus meeting in Rome, March 29-30 2017. The recent experience of the 2nd Roman Forum on Suicide, 30-31 March 2017, Rome, Italy, was shared. Further activities of the Section were discussed: update about the homicide-suicide group and the suicide-homicide group; proposal of the flyers initiative. The possibility of turning EPA Educational Courses on Suicide into a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) was discussed. The Section Website was officially presented. Partners Venue: EPA Congress, Florence, Italy, Firenze Fiera
    [Show full text]
  • Preventing Suicide: a Global Imperative
    PreventingPreventing suicidesuicide A globalglobal imperativeimperative PreventingPreventing suicidesuicide A globalglobal imperativeimperative WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Preventing suicide: a global imperative. 1.Suicide, Attempted. 2.Suicide - prevention and control. 3.Suicidal Ideation. 4.National Health Programs. I.World Health Organization. ISBN 978 92 4 156477 9 (NLM classification: HV 6545) © World Health Organization 2014 All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization are The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ available on the WHO website (www.who.int) or can be purchased products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel.: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the 4857; e-mail: [email protected]). names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications –whether for sale or for non-commercial distribution– should be All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health addressed to WHO Press through the WHO website Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. (www.who.int/about/licensing/copyright_form/en/index.html). However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility The designations employed and the presentation of the material in for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion no event shall the World Health Organization be liable for damages whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning arising from its use.
    [Show full text]
  • Ijhmt/ Int Journal of Health Manag
    http://dergipark.ulakbim.gov.tr/ijhmt/ Int Journal Of Health Manag. And Tourism 2016, 1(3), 25-36 IJHMT Editorial Internatıonal Journal Of Health Management And Tourism A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH TO SUICIDE TOURISM Maşide Gürcü*, Muradiye Varol, Betül Başar Kara, Dilaver Tengilimoğlu Lecturer, Bozok University, Healthy Assistance Vocational School Lecturer, Bozok University, Healthy Assistance Vocational School Lecturer, Bozok University, Healthy Assistance Vocational School Prof.Dr., Atilim University, Business Administration Faculty [email protected] Abstract In this study, it is aimed to enlighten the fact of suicide tourism putting forth the approach of the different disciplines to the suicide tourism. The study consists of three chapters. First of all, euthanasia and assisted suicide topics were dealt with. Later, the approach of the religions to the suicide was explained, and the eastern and western points of views were examined. The last part of the article is on the suicide tourism. Describing the suicide and death tourism, the different applications in different countries were analyzed, and examples of assisted suicidal attempts were presented. Dignitas Organization in Switzerland which is the central point of suicide tourism was evaluated. The future of suicide, and suicidal tourism were interpreted in terms of religion, sociology, health and tourism, and some advices were made. Key Words: Suicidal Tourism, Death Tourism, Health Tourism, Assisted Suicide, Dignitas Clinic International Journal Health Management and Tourism http://dergipark.ulakbim.gov.tr/ijhmt Introduction In recent years, the concept of death has gained a different dimension as a result of rapid advances occurred in medicine and technology. As a result of medical procedures performed on patients in the terminal stage of life, patients have been provided to live longer with intensive care facilities and expected life span has extended.
    [Show full text]
  • Why Are Suicides So Widespread in Catholic Lithuania?
    religions Review Why Are Suicides So Widespread in Catholic Lithuania? Danute˙ Gailiene˙ Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Vilnius, Universiteto 9/1, Vilnius 01513, Lithuania; [email protected] Received: 20 December 2017; Accepted: 27 February 2018; Published: 5 March 2018 Abstract: Religion as a protective factor against suicide was introduced in Durkheim’s theory of suicide and analysed from various perspectives in multiple studies. The Lithuanian case is intriguing because before WWII, along with Catholic Poland, it showed much lower suicide rates than its Protestant neighbours Latvia and Estonia. However, today Lithuania is among the leading countries in terms of the prevalence of suicide. Interestingly, not much has changed in Lithuania in terms of religious denomination—about 80% of population call themselves Catholic. The aim of this article was to explore which factors might have affected religions’ protective function against suicide during radical historical processes. The method of study consists of an analysis of historical sources, and of recent studies in suicidology and sociology of religion about suicide and religion in Lithuania. The results of this analysis show that two factors seem to be most important—heroicizing resistance suicides and experiencing long-term politics of atheisation. Keywords: religion; suicide rates; Lithuania 1. Introduction Religion as a protective factor against suicide was first introduced in Durkheim’s (Durkheim 1979) theory of suicide. He observed that the Protestant countries in Western Europe have higher suicide rates than the Catholic ones and related it to the stronger social cohesion and social integration among Catholics. Since then the association between religion and suicide has been analysed from various perspectives in multiple studies.
    [Show full text]
  • “Homicide and Suicide in Switzerland Over Twenty Years (1980- 2004
    “Homicide and Suicide in Switzerland over twenty years (1980- 2004): Study on forensic medicine, police and court files“ FNS n°101312-104167/1 Martin Killias, Nora Markwalder, Simone Walser, Carine Dilitz Report to the Swiss National Science Foundation February 2009 Table of contents 1. INTRODUCTION 3 1.1 Aims of the project 3 1.2 History of the project 4 1.3 Data collection 5 1.4 Coding of the data 6 2. HOMICIDE 8 2.1 General information about homicide cases in the database 8 2.1.1 Number of offenders and victims 8 2.1.2 Historical development of homicide in Switzerland 9 2.1.3 Cantons 11 2.1.4 Type of homicide 12 2.2 Victim and offender characteristics 13 2.2.1 Gender 13 2.2.2 Age 14 2.2.3 Marital status 17 2.2.4 Nationality 18 2.2.5 Relationship between victim and offender 20 2.2.6 Job situation of offenders and victims 25 2.2.7 Criminal record 26 2.2.8 Substance abuse among victims and offenders 29 2.2.9 Health problems among victims and offenders 32 2.2.10 Behavioural disorders 32 2.3 Circumstances of the act 34 2.3.1 Forensic-medical examination 34 2.3.2 Weapons and other deadly instruments 35 2.3.3 Type of homicide 38 2.3.4 Location of the homicide 39 2.3.5 Time of the homicide 40 2.3.6 The role of bystanders 41 3. SUICIDE 44 3.1 Introduction 44 3.2 Victim characteristics 46 3.2.1 Gender 46 3.2.2 Age 47 3.2.3 Marital Status 48 3.2.4 Place of residence and nationality 48 3.2.5 Job situation 49 3.2.6 Religion 50 3.2.7 Criminal history 50 3.2.8 History of substance abuse and psychiatric symptoms 51 3.2.9 Health problems 54 3.2.10 Behavioural disorders 55 3.3 The circumstances of suicide 57 1 3.3.1 Forensic-medical examination 57 3.3.2 Method of suicide 58 3.3.3 Characteristics of firearms used in suicide 60 3.3.4 Location of suicide 61 3.3.5 Time of suicide 62 3.3.6 The role of third parties 62 3.3.7 Letter of good-bye 63 3.3.8 Circumstances of suicide 65 3.3.9 The motives of suicide 66 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Research Paper:An Analysis of Meaningless and Absurd Experiences in Unsuccessful Suicide Attempts in Iran
    January 2021, Volume 9, Number 1 Research Paper: An Analysis of Meaningless and Absurd Experiences in Unsuccessful Suicide Attempts in Iran Mahdi Khatami1 , Anahita Khodabakhshi-Koolaee1* 1. Department of Psychology and Educational Science, Faculty of Humanities, Khatam University, Tehran, Iran. Use your device to scan and read the article online Citation: Khatami, M., & Khodabakhshi-Koolaee, A. (2021). An Analysis of Meaningless and Absurd Experiences in Unsuc- cessful Suicide Attempts in Iran. Journal of Practice in Clinical Psychology, 9(1), 61-70. https://doi.org/10.32598/jpcp.9.1.746.1 https://doi.org/10.32598/jpcp.9.1.746.1 A B S T R A C T Objective: Suicide is a multidimensional phenomenon, and examining each of its dimensions Article info: can help control this destructive social phenomenon. This study aimed to investigate Received: 24 May 2020 meaningless and absurd experiences in people who attempted suicide in Iran. Accepted: 26 Oct 2020 Methods: The present study was conducted using a qualitative-descriptive phenomenology. The Available Online: 01 Jan 2021 participants were selected using the purposive sampling method from persons who attempted suicide and were admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of Loghman-e Hakim Hospital in Tehran City, Iran, in 2020. The study data were collected via semi-structured interviews. The collected data were theoretically saturated after interviewing 15 participants. All data were also recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step method. Results: The initial codes identified in this study were categorized into 4 main themes and 22 sub-themes. The main themes were “underlying and revealing causes of suicide”, “outburst of feelings and thoughts before suicide”, “reaction of those around to suicide”, and “the overall meaning of life and a looking at life after suicide”.
    [Show full text]
  • NEW YORK INTERNATIONAL LAW REVIEW Winter 2003 Vol
    NEW YORK INTERNATIONAL LAW REVIEW Winter 2003 Vol. 16, No. 1 Articles Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide in the Democratic World: A Legal Overview Raphael Cohen-Almagor ...................................................................................1 Comparison of the Dispute Settlement Procedures of the World Trade Organization for Trade Disputes and the Inter-American System for Human Rights Violations Susan H. Shin...................................................................................................43 The Modern Concept of Sovereignty, Statehood and Recognition: A Case Study of Taiwan Eric Ting-Lun Huang.......................................................................................97 Recent Decisions Edelman v. Taittinger.....................................................................................189 28 U.S.C. § 1782(a) allows interested persons to obtain a subpoena from a district court to aid discovery in for- eign litigation, compelling the deposition of a foreign national who is “found” in the district in which the court sits, although he lives and works abroad. Aguinda v. Texaco, Inc...................................................................................197 The United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit affirmed the District Court’s dismissal of Ecuadorian and Peruvian plaintiffs' environmental contamination suit against a United States corporation then headquar- tered in New York for forum non conveniens, but modified its ruling to extend additional time to plaintiffs
    [Show full text]
  • Assisted Dying
    Assisted dying A state of knowledge report The Swedish National Council on Medical Ethics (Smer) September 2018 Smer 2017:2 Preface One of the tasks of the Swedish National Council on Medical Eth- ics (Smer) is to stimulate societal debate on important issues of medical ethics. Smer also acts as the mediating authority between academia, citizens and policy makers. The Council has taken the initiative in creating this systematic review of assisted dying, with a focus on the “Oregon Model” practised in a number of American states, which has dominated Swedish debate in recent years. The aim of the review is to create a knowledge base for the on- going societal discussion on assisted dying. It discusses the central terms and definitions and describes the various models for legal assisted dying. A review is given of research and public statistics concerning assisted dying, where the focus is on the Oregon Mod- el, but information from other countries is also presented. Follow- ing the description of the most common arguments for and against assisted dying, the report concludes with an analysis of the evi- dence to support the various factual arguments for and against as- sisted dying, based on the details that have emerged during the review process. The report does not contain any stance on whether assisted dy- ing should be allowed or not. Smer will continue to analyse the ethical questions on assisted dying. As part of the work, the council has obtained opinions and facts from different organisations and people (see Appendix). A working group comprising council members Kjell Asplund, Ingemar Engström and Elisabet Wennlund have worked to produce this report.
    [Show full text]
  • Article (Published Version)
    Article The implementation and first insights of the French-speaking Swiss programme for monitoring self-harm OSTERTAG, Louise, et al. Abstract Self-harm is a major risk factor for suicide but remains poorly documented. No data on self-harm in French-speaking Switzerland exist. To address this deficiency, the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health commissioned a specific self-harm monitoring programme. We present and discuss its implementation and first findings. Reference OSTERTAG, Louise, et al. The implementation and first insights of the French-speaking Swiss programme for monitoring self-harm. Swiss Medical Weekly, 2019, vol. 149, p. w20016 DOI : 10.4414/smw.2019.20016 PMID : 30715721 Available at: http://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:144753 Disclaimer: layout of this document may differ from the published version. 1 / 1 Original article | Published 04 February 2019 | doi:10.4414/smw.2019.20016 Cite this as: Swiss Med Wkly. 2019;149:w20016 The implementation and first insights of the French-speaking Swiss programme for monitoring self-harm Ostertag Louisea, Golay Philippea, Dorogi Yvesa, Brovelli Sebastie§na, Bertran Martaa, Cromec Ioanb, Van Der Vaeren Bénédicteb, Khan Riazc, Costanza Alessandrac, Wyss Karinec, Edan Anned, Assandri Francescade, Barbe Rémyd, Lorillard Solennd, Saillant Stéphanef, Michaud Laurentae a Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland b Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Pole, Valais Hospital, Sion, Switzerland c Emergency Psychiatry Department, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland d Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland e McGill Group for Suicide Studies, McGill University, Montreal, Canada f Centre for Psychiatric Emergencies and Liaison Psychiatry, Neuchâtel Psychiatry Centre, Neuchâtel, Switzerland Summary than in Neuchâtel (1.6% and 4.9%, Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.006).
    [Show full text]
  • A Time to Fly and a Time to Die: Suicide Tourism and Assisted Dying in Australia Considered Hadeel Al-Alosi
    Marquette Benefits na d Social Welfare Law Review Volume 17 Article 4 Issue 2 Spring 2016 A Time to Fly and a Time to Die: Suicide Tourism and Assisted Dying in Australia Considered Hadeel Al-Alosi Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/benefits Part of the Social Welfare Law Commons Recommended Citation Hadeel Al-Alosi, A Time to Fly and a Time to Die: Suicide Tourism and Assisted Dying in Australia Considered, 17 Marq. Ben. & Soc. Welfare L. Rev. 2 (2016). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at Marquette Law Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Marquette Benefits nda Social Welfare Law Review by an authorized administrator of Marquette Law Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. AL-ALOSI (DO NOT DELETE) 10/22/2016 9:40 AM A TIME TO FLY AND A TIME TO DIE: SUICIDE TOURISM AND ASSISTED DYING IN AUSTRALIA CONSIDERED Hadeel Al-Alosi* In the United Kingdom, a series of high-profile court cases have led the Director of Public Prosecutions to publish a policy clarifying the exercise of its discretion in assisted suicide. Importantly, the experience in the United Kingdom serves as a timely reminder that Australia too should formulate its own guidelines that detail how prosecutorial discretion will be exercised in cases of assisted suicide. This is especially significant given the fact that many Australian citizens are traveling to jurisdictions where assistance in dying is legal. However, any policy should not distract from addressing law reform on voluntary euthanasia.
    [Show full text]
  • Suicide Research and Prevention
    SUICIDE Volume 10 RESEARCH SUICIDERESEARCH: SELECTED READINGS : SELECTED READINGS READINGS SELECTED E. Barker, A. Novic, H. Houweling, S. McPhedran and D. De Leo VOL. 10 VOL. E. Barker, A. Novic, H. Houweling, H. A. Novic, Barker, E. S. McPhedran and D. De Leo S. McPhedran May 2013 — October 2013 Australian Academic Press Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention www.aapbooks.com SUICIDE RESEARCH: SELECTED READINGS Volume 10 May 2013 — October 2013 E. Barker, A. Novic, H. Houweling, S. McPhedran, D. De Leo Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention WHO Collaborating Centre for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention National Centre of Excellence in Suicide Prevention First published in 2013 Australian Academic Press 18 Victor Russell Drive, Samford QLD 4520, Australia Australia www.australianacademicpress.com.au Copyright for the Introduction and Comments sections is held by the Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention, 2013. Copyright in all abstracts is retained by the current rights holder. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act, 1968, no part may be reproduced without prior permission from the Australian Institute for Suicide Research and Prevention. ISBN: 9781922117236 Book and cover design by Maria Biaggini — The Letter Tree. Contents Foreword ................................................................................................vii Acknowledgments ..............................................................................viii Introduction Context ..................................................................................................1
    [Show full text]
  • Fachpublikationen Mit Empirischen Daten Aus Der Schweiz Zum Thema Suizidales Erleben Und Verhalten (Ab 2008, Ohne Anspruch Auf Vollständigkeit, August 2021)
    Eidgenössisches Departement des Innern EDI Bundesamt für Gesundheit BAG Direktionsbereich Öffentliche Gesundheit Fachpublikationen mit empirischen Daten aus der Schweiz zum Thema suizidales Erleben und Verhalten (ab 2008, ohne Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit, August 2021) Autoren/-innen Jahr Titel Zugang Ajdacic-Gross, V.; et al. 2010 Firearms Suicides and Availability of Firearms: The Swiss Experience Link Ajdacic-Gross, V.; et al. 2009 In-Patient Suicide - A 13 Year Assessment Link Ajdacic-Gross, V.; et al. 2008 Suicide After Bereavement: An Overlooked Problem Link Ajdacic-Gross, V.; et al. 2008 Methods of Suicide: International Suicide Patterns Derived from the WHO Mortality Database Link Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Psychiatric Admissions to a Large Swiss Emergency Depart- Ambrosetti, J.; et al. 2021 Link ment: An Observational Study Amendola, S.; Plöderl, M.; Hengart- Did the introduction and increased prescribing of antidepressants lead to changes in long-term 2020 Link ner, M. P. trends of suicide rates? Abandonment Psychotherapy and Psychosocial Functioning Among Suicidal Patients With Border- Andreoli, A.; et al. 2021 Link line Personality Disorder: A 3-Year Naturalistic Follow-Up Disappointed Love and Suicide: A Randomized Controlled Trial of “Abandonment Psychotherapy” Andreoli, A.; et al. 2016 Link Among Borderline Patients Andriessen, K.; et al. 2017 Current Postvention Research and Priorities for the Future Results of a Survey Link Angst, J.; et al. 2014 Suicidality in the Prospective Zürich Study: Prevalence, Risk Factors and Gender Link Investigating Google's suicide-prevention efforts in celebrity suicides using agent-based testing: A Arendt, F.; Haim, M.; Scherr, S. 2020 Link cross-national study in four European countries Baertschi, M.; et al.
    [Show full text]