Pennsylvania Magazine of HISTORY and BIOGRAPHY VOLUME CXXXVI
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THE Pennsylvania Magazine OF HISTORY AND BIOGRAPHY VOLUME CXXXVI 1300 LOCUST STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 2012 CONTENTS ARTICLES Page The Mason-Dixon and Proclamation Lines: Land Surveying and Native Americans in Pennsylvania’s Borderlands Cameron B. Strang 5 Free Health Care for the Poor: The Philadelphia Dispensary William Pencak 25 The Evolution of Leadership within the Puerto Rican Community of Philadelphia Ariel Arnau 53 Franklin’s Turn: Imperial Politics and the Coming of the American Revolution Christopher Pearl 117 Forgetting Freedom: White Anxiety, Black Presence, and Gradual Abolition in Cumberland County, Pennsylvania, 1780–1838 Michael B. McCoy 141 Damon and Pythias Reconsidered John Morrison McLarnon III and G. Terry Madonna 171 William Penn and the Origins of Judicial Tenure during Good Behavior Scott D. Gerber 233 The Ambitions of William Henry Scott Paul Gordon 253 Introduction Daniel P. Barr 331 The Conojocular War: The Politics of Colonial Competition, 1732–1737 Patrick Spero 365 “Fair Play Has Entirely Ceased, and Law Has Taken Its Place”: The Rise and Fall of the Squatter Republic in the West Branch Valley of the Susquehanna River, 1768–1800 Marcus Gallo 405 NOTES AND DOCUMENTS Newly Available and Processed Collections at the Historical Society of Pennsylvania Rachel Moloshok and HSP Archives Staff 83 A Cunning Man’s Legacy: The Papers of Samuel Wallis (1736–1798) David W. Maxey 435 HIDDEN GEMS 457 EXHIBIT REVIEW Henry Ossawa Tanner: Modern Spirit Christopher Capozzola 285 REVIEW ESSAY Did Pennsylvania Have a Middle Ground? Examining Indian-White Relations on the Eighteenth-Century Pennsylvania Frontier Daniel P. Barr 337 EDITORIAL 329 BOOK REVIEWS 93, 207, 293 INDEX 521 THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF PENNSYLVANIA OFFICERS Chair BRUCE K. FENTON Executive Vice Chair THOMAS MORAN Vice Chairs ROBERT G. SOUAID HOWARD H. LEWIS PAGE TALBOTT Secretary NATHAN K. RAAB Treasurer and Vice Chair MAJID ALSAYEGH At-Large Members ROBERT J. RITTENHOUSE ALICE L. GEORGE Councilors MARK A. ARONCHICK COLLIN F. M CNEIL DEBORAH DILWORTH BISHOP GREGORY MONTANARO ROBERT W. BOGLE DAVID A. OTHMER MATTHEW CLAEYS JOHN PICKERING LORI COHEN SARAH D. PRICE AHMAD CORBITT TIMOTHY R. SCHANTZ SENATOR LARRY FARNESE ALICE LEA TASMAN SHANTA GHOSH NABILA SAJID, Ex officio FRANK GIORDANO HENRY LAFAYETTE COLLINS III, Emeritus COUNCILMAN BILL GREEN GEORGE W. CONNELL, Emeritus BARBARA L. GREENFIELD JACK FRIEDLAND, Emeritus SARAH COXE LANGE BRUCE H. HOOPER, Emeritus LEON L. LEVY DAVID W. MAXEY, Emeritus WALTER LICHT HARRISON W. WRIGHT, Emeritus CHARLES MATHER III as of October 2012 STAFF KIM SAJET, President & CEO LIBRARY AND COLLECTIONS PROGRAMS AND SERVICES LEE ARNOLD, Senior Director of the Library & BETH TWISS HOUTING, Senior Director of Collections Programs & Services KAREN SCHOENEWALDT, Compact Storage Project Collections Coordinator PUBLICATIONS & SCHOLARLY PROGRAMS ARCHIVES AND COLLECTIONS MANAGEMENT TAMARA GASKELL, Historian & Director of Publications & Scholarly Programs MATTHEW LYONS, Director of Archives & RACHEL MOLOSHOK, Assistant Editor, Scholarly Collections Management Programs Associate & Digital Project Manager CARY HUTTO, Technical Services Archivist DANA DORMAN, Greenfield Project Manager & WILLHEM ECHEVARRÍA, Project Archivist Researcher SARAH NEWHOUSE, Project Archivist FAITH CHARLTON, Greenfield Project Assistant WECKEA DEJURA LILLY, Project Archival Processor COMMUNICATIONS & PUBLIC PROGRAMS JACK MCCARTHY, Project Director LAURI CIELO, Director of Programs & ANDRÉE MEY MILLER, Project Coordinator Communications CELIA CAUST-ELLENBOGEN, Project Surveyor CHRISTOPHER DAMIANI, Programs Associate & FAITH CHARLTON, Project Surveyor Researcher AMANDA DEAN, Visitor Services Representative DIGITAL COLLECTIONS & History Affiliates Events Assistant MATT SHOEMAKER, Director of Digital SPECIAL PROJECTS Collections & Systems HILLARY S. KATIVA, Rights & Reproductions PRUDENCE HAINES, History Affiliates Director Associate CATHLEEN LU, Digital Imaging Technician DEVELOPMENT CONSERVATION MARYGRACE GILMORE, Senior Director of Development TARA O’BRIEN, Director of Preservation & JON-CHRIS HATALSKI Coordinator of Grants & Conservation Services Government Relations LEAH MACKIN, Project Conservation Technician KEITH LYONS, Coordinator of Membership ALINA JOSAN, Project Conservation Technician MALLORY OXBERRY, Development Associate AJA RAYMOND, Administrative Assistant RESEARCH SERVICES & Coordinator of Board Materials DAVID HAUGAARD, Director of Research FINANCE AND OPERATIONS Services SARAH HEIM, Assistant Director of Research MICHAEL HAIRSTON, Chief Operating Officer Services KATHERINE WALDRON, Staff Accountant DANIEL N. ROLPH, Historian & Head of Reference Services INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY STEVEN SMITH, Public Services Librarian RONALD MEDFORD, Senior Research Services JOSHUA PARK, Systems Administrator Associate WILL BUIE, Research Assistant FACILITIES MATT MCNELIS, Reading Room Assistant TYRONE LITES, Assistant Facilities Manager GEORGE JAMES, Facilities Technician as of October 2012 INDEX 2012 abolition: Abraham Barker collection on the clerk), 147–48 Free Military School for Applicants for Albright, Peter (brickmaker), William Henry the Command of Colored Regiments, ca. and, 284 1863–1895 (bulk 1863–1864) and, 87; Allen, Richard: education and, essay on, 96; gradual, in Cumberland County, PA, Phila. Dispensary and, 36, 40 141–70; Lucretia Mott and, book on, Allen, William (investor), Walking Purchase 100–101; in PA, book on, 311–12; of 1737 and, 458 pre–Civil War, book on, 99–100 Almon, John (publisher), 127, 128 “The Abuse of Medical Charities” (Wood) Alsop, Stewart (writer), 172–73, 176, 181, 201 (article), 49–50 Altman, W. Forrest (writer), 210 “An Account against G. G.” (Franklin), 131 “The Ambitions of William Henry,” by Scott Acosta, Ralph (PA legislator), 80 Paul Gordon, 253–84 (with pictures) Act for the Better Regulation of Negroes in A.M.E. (African Methodist Episcopal) This Province, 168 Church, 169, 286, 289 Act for the Gradual Abolition of Slavery, 142, American Federation of State, County, and 157 Municipal Employees (AFSCME) in Act of Settlement (English), 234, 236–38 Phila., book on, 223–24 Adams, John: Thomas Cooper and, 487; inde- American Independence: From “Common pendent judiciary and, 234–35, 251; Sense” to the “Declaration,” by Ponder, Joseph Priestley and, 486; salaries of rev., 210–12 judges and, 237 American Leviathan: Empire, Nation, and the Adams, Randolph G. (Clements Library dir.), Revolutionary Frontier (Griffin), 355–57 449 “The American Negro in Art” (Tanner) Addison, Alexander (judge), Whiskey (speech), 287 Rebellion and, 506–8 American Philosophical Society, 272 Administration of the Colonies (Pownall), 124 American Revolution: America prior to, book affirmative action, 67–68 on, 93–94; concept of continents and, Africa, J. Simpson (historian), 468 book on, 207–8; culture and liberty and, African Americans: Act for the Better book on, 301–2; espionage in PA during, Regulation of Negroes in This Province book on, 304–5; Fair Play settlers and, and, 168; AFSCME union and, 224; 405–7, 421–25; Fort Rice and, 503–5 Abraham Barker collection on the Free (with map); Benjamin Franklin and, book, Military School for Applicants for the 302–3; Benjamin Franklin’s attempts at Command of Colored Regiments, ca. imperial reform and, 117–39; Hardie 1863–1895 (bulk 1863–1864) and, 87; Family Papers and, 86; William Henry Octavius Catto and, book on, 102–3; edu- and, 273–84; importation of fashion items cation of, in Phila., essay on, 96; Fair Play and, book on, 305–6 settlers and, 430–31; gradual abolition in Anderson, Benedict (historian), 207 Cumberland County, PA, and, 141–70; Anderson, Robert (farmer/slaveowner), 150 Kensington Council on Black Affairs and, Anglican Church, social status and, 259–60 73; the Phila. Dispensary and, 36, 40–44; Annenberg, Walter, Richardson Dilworth and, post-nati, 141–70 passim; slavery in west- 195 ern PA and, 509–11; Henry Ossawa The Annunciation (Tanner) (painting), 290 Tanner (painter), exhibit rev., 285–92; Viri Antes, Henry (Fair Play settler), 413, 419, 420 Viginti Club of Phila. Records and, 90; architecture, buildings of PA, books on, youth employment and, 298 293–95 African Methodist Episcopal (A.M.E.) Architecture and Landscape of the Church, 169, 286, 289 Pennsylvania Germans, 1720–1920,by AFSCME’s Philadelphia Story: Municipal McMurry and Van Dolsen, eds., rev., Workers and Urban Power in the 220–22 Twentieth Century, by Ryan, rev., 223–24 Aristotle, 247 Agnew, John (Cumberland County Court Armstrong, Col. John: Capt. Black-Jacobs 522 and, 15; Kittanning Destroyed Medal and, for the Command of Colored Regiments, 478–81; land warrants and, 152 ca. 1863–1895 (bulk 1863–1864), 87 Arnau, Ariel, “The Evolution of Leadership Barr, Daniel P., “Did Pennsylvania Have a within the Puerto Rican Community of Middle Ground? Examining Indian- Philadelphia, 1950s–1970s,” 53–81 White Relations on the Eighteenth- Arnold, Gen. Benedict, Wallis Family Papers Century Pennsylvania Frontier,” 337–63 and, 443–44 (with photo), 448–53, 455 Barton, Benjamin Smith (Phila. Dispensary Arnold, Gen. Henry, Joseph S. Clark Jr. and, doctor), 38 182 Barton, Thomas (Anglican minister), 258, Arnold, Margaret, Wallis family papers and, 263; William Henry and, 268 443–44 (with photo), 448–53, 455 Bateman, Oliver, book rev. by, 314–15 Arroyo, Peggy (election activist), 74 Bates, Samuel P. (historian), 218 art: in early national America, book on, Battin, John, Samuel Wallis and, 435 306–7; Howard Pyle, book on, 317–18;