DOCSLIB.ORG

The Grand Paris Express: an Analysis of Social and Political Trends Towards Mass Transit Planning in the ÔLe-De-France Regio

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Grand Paris Express: an Analysis of Social and Political Trends Towards Mass Transit Planning in the ÔLe-De-France Regio Claremont Colleges Scholarship @ Claremont Scripps Senior Theses Scripps Student Scholarship 2013 The Grand Paris Express: An Analysis of Social and Political Trends towards Mass Transit Planning in the Île-de-France Region Charlotte M. Leasia Scripps College Recommended Citation Leasia, Charlotte M., "The Grand Paris Express: An Analysis of Social and Political Trends towards Mass Transit Planning in the Île-de- France Region" (2013). Scripps Senior Theses. Paper 213. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/213 This Open Access Senior Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Scripps Student Scholarship at Scholarship @ Claremont. It has been accepted for inclusion in Scripps Senior Theses by an authorized administrator of Scholarship @ Claremont. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Grand Paris Express: An Analysis of Social and Political Trends towards Mass Transit Planning in the Île-de-France Region By Charlotte Leasia Submitted to Scripps College in Partial Fulfillment of the Degree of Bachelor of Arts Readers Professor Fazia Aitel Professor Anna Joo Kim Professor Thomas P. Kim April 26, 2013 i Table of Contents Social and Urban Inquiries from a Curious and Inspired Visitor................................1 Chapter One: The Grand Paris Express: Reasons, Causes, and Expectations ..........4 The Literature on French Urban Planning and Sociology...........................................12 French IntéGration: Le Pari Difficile .............................................................................................16 A Social Control of the City? ............................................................................................................17 Constructing Spatial Inequality.....................................................................................................19 Who now constructs the Île-de-France? .....................................................................................22 MethodoloGy and Limitations ........................................................................................................25 Chapter Two: Through the Eyes of Paris’s Architects ..................................................28 Crowding in: Expanding Outwards to Let People In...............................................................32 Theories for CreatinG Space: The Sociology of Space and Identity in the ReGion.........38 Keys to the City: To Contract or Create .......................................................................................40 Chapter Three: Vying Voices for Change ..........................................................................45 Le Mal Nommé: Cité, Banlieue, Zone Urbaine, et Les Grands Ensembles ............................48 RecoGnition and Denial: Two Addresses from the State .......................................................50 The Banlieue Debate at LarGe.........................................................................................................52 Chapter Four: Engaging in the Dialogue ...........................................................................56 Insiders and Outsiders: Where they Collide..............................................................................59 CampaiGning and Mobilization: Using Metro Space as a Political Sphere.......................61 Providing Spaces to Live: The Necessities of a Home.............................................................65 The Here and Now: Movement Towards Better Development? .........................................69 Systems of Change and Movement Forward .............................................................................73 Chapter Five: What to Expect from the Grand Paris Express.....................................75 How People Effectively Alter a Space...........................................................................................76 DrawinG Connections: Grassroots versus State Led ...............................................................81 Size and Scope .....................................................................................................................................85 A New French Model for Solidarity...............................................................................................87 Seducing Outsiders in: The Process of InteGration for Paris’s Grands Ensembles........89 Concluding Thoughts: Questions and Hopes for The Grand Paris Express...........92 Bibliography...............................................................................................................................97 APPENDIX A............................................................................................................................. 105 APPENDIX B............................................................................................................................. 113 APPENDIX C ............................................................................................................................. 116 APPENDIX D............................................................................................................................. 118 ii Acknowledgements I would like to express my gratitude to Scripps College and its professors for inspiring me to think critically and analytically in all of my courses. My time abroad attending the American University Center in Provence challenged me inside and outside the classroom and was of indispensible value to my growth as a learner. My love and thanks to friends and family who supported, listened, and boosted my spirits throughout the entire process. To Professor Klinkenborg for helping me remember the joys of writing. Finally, my biggest thanks to my readers and advisors Professor Fazia Aitel, Professor Anna Joo Kim and Professor Thomas Kim. Their commitment and tremendous help through each step of my thesis gave me the courage to explore my topic through a variety of lenses as well as the motivation to continue. 1 Social and Urban Inquiries from a Curious and Inspired Visitor I have always been drawn to my environments. I enjoy learning about their histories and how I place myself within them. Cities have a particular allure to me, largely because they are so multifaceted, each containing distinctive features. I’ve noticed in my years of moving and academic transitioning that individuals are highly influenced by environments. I felt this awareness acutely when I studied abroad in France for the spring of my junior year in Aix-en-Provence. It was there abroad, with the multiple barriers I encountered – language, cultural, academic and individual, that I became most aware of my movements through space. It was the first time I was living in a foreign country for an extended period of time. I had to make changes to my daily habits due to the newness and unfamiliarity of Aix. One adjustment that I grew to love was my daily walk or commute by bus into the center of the city. I enjoyed the tranquil lull of the ride in the morning, listening to my ipod, but mostly, I enjoyed people watching. It was a perceptibly informative experience. It was almost as if in that moving space alone, I was discovering an obscure lesson about the cultural environment of French cities. In other French cities, using buses, the TGV train, and the Parisian metro brought to my attention both the attractiveness and accessibility of public transit. In my discussions with French students, cars for them were preferable, but as a foreigner, I developed an appreciation for the common good of public transportation. Mass utilization of public transit was opened up to me when I was abroad. Furthermore, I happened to be overseas during a rare match in politics for France and the United States. Only once every 201 years do their presidential election seasons align because of differing term lengths. Seeing news covering France’s presidential campaign as well the U.S.’s made clear our political differences. As an American, I was challenged 1 See Olivier Duhamel’s piece for an analysis on France’s political term lengths. 2 during the campaigning to explain exactly what it was that I noticed. Their domestic concerns, the economy, as well as social and civic issues were comparable, yet subtly and distinguishably different. One facet that did starkly stand out was France’s keen focus on social welfare projects to revitalize the state of its economy. Reading the current news, I came across respective political parties’ plans and goals, covering everything from boosting engineering and technology industries, to revitalizing their state infrastructure. All planning seemed to be based upon a social welfare oriented state that was striving to be capitalistically competitive. One specific plan I came across was the Grand Paris Express. It was this project that struck me as the most lucidly French. French because it aspires to solve their state’s economy through an infrastructural project that faces a new model, but with noticeably and somewhat poignantly French designed features. From my perspective, it was these dual concepts, mass transit planning and the political and social environment that I found myself in, which ignited a fascination to more closely observe the underlying foundations of French cities and how they have grown over the years. From my location in and connection to them, I saw myself as an observer and temporary participant, able to communicate and pass through, but also unable to fully comprehend their histories. After my return back
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Updating the Debate on Turkey in France, Note Franco-Turque N° 4
    NNoottee ffrraannccoo--ttuurrqquuee nn°° 44 ______________________________________________________________________ Updating the Debate on Turkey in France, on the 2009 European Elections’ Time ______________________________________________________________________ Alain Chenal January 2011 . Programme Turquie contemporaine The Institut français des relations internationales (Ifri) is a research center and a forum for debate on major international political and economic issues. Headed by Thierry de Montbrial since its founding in 1979, Ifri is a non- governmental and a non-profit organization. As an independent think tank, Ifri sets its own research agenda, publishing its findings regularly for a global audience. Using an interdisciplinary approach, Ifri brings together political and economic decision-makers, researchers and internationally renowned experts to animate its debate and research activities. With offices in Paris and Brussels, Ifri stands out as one of the rare French think tanks to have positioned itself at the very heart of the European debate. The opinions expressed in this text are the responsibility of the author alone. Contemporary Turkey Program is supporter by : ISBN : 978-2-86592-814-9 © Ifri – 2011 – All rights reserved Ifri Ifri-Bruxelles 27 rue de la Procession Rue Marie-Thérèse, 21 75740 Paris Cedex 15 – FRANCE 1000 – Brussels – BELGIUM Tel : +33 (0)1 40 61 60 00 Tel : +32 (0)2 238 51 10 Fax : +33 (0)1 40 61 60 60 Fax : +32 (0)2 238 51 15 Email : [email protected] Email : [email protected] Website: Ifri.org Notes franco-turques The IFRI program on contemporary Turkey seeks to encourage a regular interest in Franco-Turkish issues of common interest. From this perspective, and in connection with the Turkish Season in France, the IFRI has published a series of specific articles, entitled “Notes franco-turques” (Franco-Turkish Briefings).
    [Show full text]
  • Décision N° 2001-452 DC Du 6 Décembre 2001
    Décision n° 2001-452 DC du 6 décembre 2001 (Loi portant mesures urgentes de réformes à caractère économique et financier) Le Conseil constitutionnel a été saisi, le 21 novembre 2001, par MM. Philippe DARNICHE, Jacques LEGENDRE, Philippe ADNOT, Gérard BAILLY, Roger BESSE, Laurent BÉTEILLE, Jean BIZET, Dominique BRAYE, Mme Paulette BRISEPIERRE, MM. Louis de BROSSIA, Michel CALDAGUÈS, Gérard CÉSAR, Jean CHÉRIOUX, Christian COINTAT, Gérard CORNU, Robert Del PICCHIA, Mme Sylvie DESMARESCAUX, MM. Eric DOLIGÉ, Alain DUFAUT, André DULAIT, Hubert DURAND-CHASTEL, Louis DUVERNOIS, Daniel ECKENSPIELLER, Jean-Claude ÉTIENNE, André FERRAND, Hilaire FLANDRE, Bernard FOURNIER, Philippe FRANÇOIS, Yann GAILLARD, Philippe de GAULLE, Patrice GÉLARD, Charles GINÉSY, Alain GOURNAC, Adrien GOUTEYRON, Georges GRUILLOT, Charles GUENÉ, Michel GUERRY, Alain JOYANDET, Roger KAROUTCHI, Gérard LARCHER, André LARDEUX, Jean-René LECERF, Serge LEPELTIER, Max MAREST, Philippe MARINI, Jean-Louis MASSON, Jean-Luc MIRAUX, Paul NATALI, Joseph OSTERMANN, Jacques PELLETIER, Guy PENNE, Ivan RENAR, Henri de RICHEMONT, Mme Janine ROZIER, MM. Jean-Pierre SCHOSTECK, Bernard SEILLIER, Louis SOUVET, René TRÉGOUËT, Maurice ULRICH, Jacques VALADE, Jean-Pierre VIAL, Nicolas ABOUT, Joël BILLARD, Joël BOURDIN, Jean-Pierre CANTEGRIT, Xavier DARCOS, Jacques DOMINATI, Ambroise DUPONT, Jean-Léonce DUPONT, René GARREC, Paul GIROD, Mme Françoise HENNERON, MM. Jean-Philippe LACHENAUD, Gérard LONGUET, Roland du LUART, Christian de LA MALÈNE, Philippe NACHBAR, Mme Nelly OLIN, MM. Michel PELCHAT, Jean PÉPIN, Jean PUECH, Jean-Pierre RAFFARIN, Henri de RAINCOURT, Henri REVOL, Bernard SAUGEY, François TRUCY Alain VASSELLE, Mme Nicole BORVO, MM. Robert BRET, Guy FISCHER, Mmes Hélène LUC, Michelle DEMESSINE, Annie DAVID, Marie-France BEAUFILS, MM. François AUTAIN, Pierre BIARNÈS, Paul LORIDANT, Mme Josiane MATHON, MM.
    [Show full text]
  • Transports En Commun
    Transports en commun Pantin dispose d'une offre particulièrement performante en termes de transports en commun. Ville dite de « première couronne », elle bénéficie de tous les réseaux de transports d'île-de-France (bus, métro, RER) permettant des déplacements faciles de Pantin à Paris ou au coeur de la banlieue. Soucieuse d'optimiser encore la qualité de son réseau, la ville a largement favorisé l'arrivée du tramway T3 qui propose 3 stations pantinoises et celle d'un bus nouvelle génération en site propre, le Tzen, sur la RN3 à l'horizon 2020. Le RER E sera quand à lui prolongé vers l'ouest de Paris à l'horizon 2024. Depuis le 11 mai 2020, dans les transports en commun, il est obligatoire de porter un masque. Le non respect du port du masque sera passible d'une amende de 135 euros. Un très important réseau de bus : Depuis 2001, le réseau de bus est en constante amélioration : prolongement de la ligne parisienne 61 jusqu'à Église de Pantin doublement de la ligne 330 renforcement des fréquences de bus pour les lignes 170, 318, 249 périodicité accrue des bus de nuit Aujourd'hui, la ville de Pantin est desservie par : 13 lignes de bus en journée : 61 : Gare d'Austerliz / Église de Pantin • 134/234 : Fort d'Aubervilliers / Bondy-Jouhaux - Blum • 145 : Église de Pantin / Cimetière de Villemomble • 147 : Église de Pantin / Sevran-avenue Ronsard • 150 : Porte de la Villette-Pierrefitte / Stain RER • 151 : Porte de Pantin / Bondy-Jouhaux - Blum • 152 : Porte de la Villette/Gonesse-ZAC des Tulipes/Le Blanc Mesnil-ZA Port Yblon • 170 : ligne labélisée « Mobilien » : Gare de St Denis / Porte des Lilas • 173 : Porte de Clichy / La Courneuve-8 mai 1945 • 249 : Porte des Lilas / Dugny • 318 ligne labélisée « Mobilien » : Château de Vincennes / Pantin-Raymond Queneau • 330 : Fort d'Aubervilliers / Raymond Queneau En raison de travaux d'injections des carrières Voie de la Déportation, la navette de bus L330 en direction du Fort d'Aubervilliers est déviée par la rue Méhul jusqu'au mois d'octobre 2021.
    [Show full text]
  • GREEN EMTN PROGRAMME FRAMEWORK March 2021
    DIRECTION FINANCIERE CADR GREEN EMTN PROGRAMME FRAMEWORK March 2021 www.societedugrandparis.fr/sgp/investors 1 Contents 1.CONTEXT _______________________________________________________________________ 3 1.1. A LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK DEFINED BY LAW ____________________ 3 1.2. AN ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL MODEL BACKED BY THE STATE _________________ 3 1.3. SUBSTANTIAL INVESTMENTS TO SERVE A GROUND-BREAKING PROJECT ________ 4 2.THE GRAND PARIS EXPRESS, A STRUCTURALLY "GREEN" PROJECT _____________________ 7 2.1. THE APPLICABLE FRAMEWORK OF ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS _____________ 8 2.2. EXPECTED IMPACTS OF THE PROJECTS FUNDED BY THE SOCIÉTÉ DE PARIS GREEN BOND (EMTN) PROGRAMME ____________________ 9 2.2.1. Emission factors ___________________________________________________________ 9 2.2.2. Social and economic impact _________________________________________________ 13 3.THE SOCIÉTÉ DE PARIS EMTN GREEN BOND PROGRAMME FRAMEWORK ________________ 14 3.1. THE RATIONALE OF THE SOCIÉTÉ DU GRAND PARIS EMTN GREEN BOND PROGRAMME _________________________________________ 14 3.2. USE OF PROCEEDS ______________________________________________________ 15 3.2.1. Eligible Assets ____________________________________________________________ 15 3.2.2. Environmental and social goals and benefits ____________________________________ 17 3.2.3. Contribution of the Grand Paris Express to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) ________________________________________ 17 3.3. PROJECT SELECTION AND EVALUATION PROCESS ___________________________
    [Show full text]
  • Modèle Pour La Frappe Des Rapports Parlementaires
    N° 2706 N° 345 ASSEMBLÉE NATIONALE SÉNAT CONSTITUTION DU 4 OCTOBRE 1958 SESSION ORDINAIRE 2019 - 2020 QUINZIÈME LÉGISLATURE Enregistré à la présidence de l’Assemblée nationale nregistré à la présidence du Sénat le 20 février 2020 le 20 février 2020 RAPPORT au nom de L’OFFICE PARLEMENTAIRE D’ÉVALUATION DES CHOIX SCIENTIFIQUES ET TECHNOLOGIQUES LES FONGICIDES SDHI (INHIBITEURS DE SUCCINATE DÉSHYDROGÉNASE) Compte rendu des auditions du 23 janvier 2020 et de la présentation des conclusions du 20 février 2020 PAR M. Gérard LONGUET, sénateur, et M. Cédric VILLANI, député Déposé sur le Bureau de l’Assemblée nationale Déposé sur le Bureau du Sénat par M. Cédric VILLANI, par M. Gérard LONGUET, Premier vice-président de l’Office Président de l’Office Composition de l’Office parlementaire d’évaluation des choix scientifiques et technologiques Président M. Gérard LONGUET, sénateur Premier Vice-président M. Cédric VILLANI, député Vice-présidents M. Didier BAICHÈRE, député M. Roland COURTEAU, sénateur M. Patrick HETZEL, député M. Pierre MÉDEVIELLE, sénateur Mme Huguette TIEGNA, députée Mme Catherine PROCACCIA, sénateur DÉPUTÉS SÉNATEURS M. Julien AUBERT M. Michel AMIEL M. Philippe BOLO M. Jérôme BIGNON M. Christophe BOUILLON Mme Laure DARCOS Mme Émilie CARIOU Mme Annie DELMONT-KOROPOULIS M. Jean-François ÉLIAOU Mme Véronique GUILLOTIN Mme Valéria FAURE-MUNTIAN M. Jean-Marie JANSSENS M. Jean-Luc FUGIT M. Bernard JOMIER M. Claude de GANAY Mme Florence LASSARADE M. Thomas GASSILLOUD M. Ronan LE GLEUT Mme Anne GENETET M. Rachel MAZUIR M. Pierre HENRIET M. Pierre OUZOULIAS M. Antoine HERTH M. Stéphane PIEDNOIR M. Jean-Paul LECOQ Mme Angèle PRÉVILLE M.
    [Show full text]
  • Les Hubs Du Grand Paris
    LES HUBS DU GRAND PARIS La ville s’invente autour des gares du Grand Paris Express LE GRAND PARIS EXPRESS RÉGION ÉCONOMIQUE D’EUROPE UN MÉTRO ET PREMIÈRE DESTINATION 1 TOURISTIQUE AU MONDE ÉCOLOGIQUE POUR UNE VILLE INTELLIGENTE ET DURABLE 6MD’EMPLOIS 01 Circulant en rocade autour de la capitale, le futur réseau 31 % DU PIB NATIONAL, SOIT de transport de la métropole du Grand Paris connectera tous les territoires de l’Île-de-France entre eux et avec Paris. 612 MDS € Ce sera un accélérateur économique, technologique et social sans précédent, qui reliera les trois aéroports TRANSPORTS franciliens, les quartiers d’affaires et les pôles 8,5 M EN COMMUN / JOUR scientifiques. Les hommes, les idées et les biens y circuleront plus vite. DU TERRITOIRE Le réseau simplifiera le quotidien des Franciliens. Il réduira 2%FRANÇAIS les disparités spatiales et de mobilité. Il contribuera à créer de nouveaux pôles de développement pour un meilleur cadre de vie, une richesse mieux répartie et DE DÉPLACEMENTS un accès à l’emploi facilité. Lors de sa mise en service 41 MQUOTIDIENS complète, le Grand Paris Express générera 100 milliards d’euros de PIB supplémentaire, plus de 115 000 emplois s’ajoutant à ceux suscités par la croissance naturelle de la région. Autour des 68 gares du futur métro, ce sont entre 250 000 et 400 000 logements qui seront construits pour répondre aux besoins des habitants. Le Grand Paris Express est donc plus qu’un réseau 12 M de transport, c’est l’ossature du futur développement de toute la région Capitale, qui servira les habitants, D’HABITANTS les collectivités, les acteurs économiques et offrira un gisement d’innovations inédit.
    [Show full text]
  • Visioconférence De Presse – Jeudi 3 Juin 2021 À 10 Heures Dossier De Presse
    LE RECOURS AUX OUTILS NUMÉRIQUES DANS LA PRÉVENTION ET LA GESTION DES ÉPIDÉMIES VISIOCONFÉRENCE DE PRESSE – JEUDI 3 JUIN 2021 À 10 HEURES DOSSIER DE PRESSE Mathieu Darnaud (Les Républicains – Ardèche) Président de la délégation sénatoriale à la prospective vous prie d’assister à la visioconférence de presse au cours de laquelle Véronique Guillotin (Rassemblement Démocratique et Social Européen – Meurthe-et-Moselle) Christine Lavarde (Les Républicains – Hauts-de-Seine) René-Paul Savary (Les Républicains – Marne) co-rapporteurs présenteront leur rapport d’information, au nom de la délégation, sur : Le recours aux outils numériques dans la prévention et la gestion des épidémies Des premiers pas de StopCovid à la difficile mise en place du « pass sanitaire », en passant par les fichiers de dépistage et de vaccination, les drones et autres caméras thermiques, le recours aux technologies numériques dans la gestion de l’épidémie de Covid-19 a suscité d’innombrables polémiques en France. Pourtant, les faits sont là : les pays qui ont le plus utilisé ces outils sont aussi ceux qui ont, de loin, compté le moins de morts. Depuis un an et demi, les Français sont soumis à des restrictions inédites et généralisées de leurs libertés, qui n’ont pas pour autant permis d’éviter un lourd bilan sanitaire (100 000 morts), qui ont causé la plus grande récession économique jamais connue en temps de paix, et dont on commence à peine à mesurer les conséquences psychologiques. Et si la vaccination permet aujourd’hui d’espérer un retour à la normale, la pandémie de Covid-19 n’est ni la dernière, ni sans doute la plus grave des années à venir.
    [Show full text]
  • Study Visit in Île De France
    STUDY VISIT IN ÎLE DE FRANCE On 4 and 5 June 2015, the European Club of Intermodal Regions and Cities, managed by INTERMODES, and STIF (Syndicat des Transports de l’Île de France) invite you to experience the transport network of the Île de France region. STIF is the Ile de France region’s transport authority. Since 2006 it consists of the Ile de France region, the city of Paris and the counties of Essonne, Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis, Seine-et-Marne, Val-de -Marne, Val d'Oise and Yvelines. It is chaired by the President of the Ile de France Regional Council, Jean-Paul Huchon. Sophie Mougard, its CEO, will introduce the two-day technical visit. STIF is the main financier of the Île de France public transport. STIF « organizes the passengers’ regular public transport services ». As such, STIF is assigned with the mission of deciding on the transport routes and the stations, of the operators’ selection, of the technical implementation definition as well as of the operation general conditions. It decides on the services financing, and monitors the investment programmes’ coherence. STIF settles on a pricing policy in line with State Council decrees. It promotes transport for people with reduced mobility, organizes on demand transport services and, is also competent for the organization of passengers’ fluvial regular public transport. In this capacity, STIF organizes, coordinates and finances the passengers’ regional public transport, which are operated by RATP, SNCF Île-de-France and other private transport operators grouped in the OPTILE association. To this end it: - Defines general conditions of operation, creates tickets and sets fares; - Defines the transport offer and the quality of services in the framework of contracts with industrial companies and service providers; - Coordinates the regional public transport network’s modernization, by defining the public investment’s principles which include major infrastructure projects planned in the frame of the State- Region Investment Plan, and by deciding on their implementation rules.
    [Show full text]
  • Le Grand Paris, Stratégies Urbaines Et Rivalités Géopolitiques
    LE GRAND PARIS, STRATÉGIES URBAINES ET RIVALITÉS GÉOPOLITIQUES Philippe Subra La Découverte | Hérodote 2009/4 - n° 135 pages 49 à 79 Document téléchargé depuis www.cairn.info - Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Paris 193.54.67.93 10/09/2013 17h41. © La Découverte ISSN 0338-487X Article disponible en ligne à l'adresse: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- http://www.cairn.info/revue-herodote-2009-4-page-49.htm -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pour citer cet article : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Subra Philippe, « Le Grand Paris, stratégies urbaines et rivalités géopolitiques », Hérodote, 2009/4 n° 135, p. 49-79. DOI : 10.3917/her.135.0049 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Distribution électronique Cairn.info pour La Découverte. © La Découverte. Tous droits réservés pour tous pays. La reproduction ou représentation de cet article, notamment par photocopie, n'est autorisée que dans les limites des conditions générales d'utilisation du site ou, le cas échéant, des conditions générales de la licence souscrite par votre établissement. Toute autre reproduction ou représentation, en tout ou partie, sous quelque forme et de quelque manière que ce soit, est interdite sauf accord préalable et écrit de l'éditeur, en dehors
    [Show full text]
  • Grand Paris Express, Europe's Biggest Building Project
    02 Grand Paris Express, 03 Le Mesnil-Amelot Start-up schedule 17 2019 Mairie de Saint-Ouen 14 H Aéroport Charles de Gaulle T4 Europe's biggest BARREAU Saint-Lazare DE GONESSE B Aéroport H RER C Charles de Gaulle T2 H RER D RER B CDG EXPRESS buildingA RER project J Triangle de Gonesse 2022 L H J B Noisy – T13 Parc des Expositions J 17 Champs T11 Aulnay Pont de Sèvres 200 KM EXPRESS K of new lines T11 Le Bourget Aéroport Aulnay 15 RER A - E 16 T11 13 Sevran – Beaudottes J EXPRESS Le Blanc-Mesnil 2023-2024 T11 Sevran – Livry 17 CDG (T2) Bois-Colombes Les Grésillons La Courneuve A J - L “Six Routes” 16 17 RER B 4 RER A - E 13 Saint-Denis Saint-Denis Pleyel Le Bourget RER Colombes Pleyel T4 16 additionalEXPRESS T13 Mairie Mairie de Saint-Ouen 14 d’Aubervilliers Drancy – Bobigny lines La Garenne-Colombes Les Agnettes Stade de 12 Olympiades Noisy – France 7 Bobigny Pablo Picasso T4 Saint-Ouen Mairie 15 Clichy – Montfermeil Champs Nanterre La Folie de Saint-Ouen Fort 5 Pont de Bondy Bécon- T4 CEA RER A les-Bruyères Saint-Ouen RER C d’Aubervilliers T13 15 T11 T4 RER E Saint-Aubin 18 A Porte de Clichy L Bondy 1 Aéroport d’Orly Rueil La Défense 3 Pont 90 % U LIGNE 11 16 Cardinet Villemomble Seine L 14 underground Nanterre 2025 La Boule U Rosny Bois-Perrier Saint-Lazare E Chelles P Saint-Denis A Rueil - Neuilly Rosny Pleyel L Suresnes Les Fauvettes Châtelet Les Halles 3 Marne Nanterre Rosny “Mont- Neuilly Bois-Perrier 68 Valérien” RER C Val de Fontenay Hôpitaux 15 9 15 RER A RER A stations T13 EXPRESS 15 11 Gare de Lyon 11 Pont de Sèvres Saint-Cloud
    [Show full text]
  • 2018 Activity Report
    2018 Activity report Comments by the Supervisory Board on the 2018 Société du Grand Paris Activity Report In 2018, the Grand Paris Express entered the construction phase. With more than 100 worksites now simultaneously operating in the Île-de- France region, several tunnel boring machines at work on Line 15 South and initial civil engineering works under way on Lines 16 and 14 south of Paris, the scale and momentum of the Paris-area project are now clearly visible. Funding for the Grand Paris Express project was secured through an initial green bond issue in 2018. The project meets the green bond criteria because the new metro system will bring about a significant modal shift, particularly in inter-suburban travel, and will speed up urban densification around its 68 future stations. This funding method also fits with the sustainable development approach taken by Société du Grand Paris from the outset of the works phase, with a major emphasis on local employment. This is the first time that a 100% green bond issuer has raised money in the international markets. With more than 150 investors worldwide, the €1.75 deal was twice oversubscribed. The Supervisory Board is delighted with the success of this bond issue, which shows the international appeal of the Grand Paris Express. Société du Grand Paris, a public agency, changed its organisational structure in 2018. Following Supervisory Board approval in April 2018, Thierry Dallard was appointed Chairman of its Management Board. After the 2019 Finance Law raised its employment cap, Société du Grand Paris is changing its organisation and structure.
    [Show full text]
  • Saving the Right to Asylum
    institut montaigne Saving the Right to Asylum REPORT NOVEMBER 2018 There is no desire more natural than the desire for knowledge Saving the Right to Asylum NOVEMBER 2018 www.institutmontaigne.org SUMMARY PRELIMINARY REMARKS 3 INTRODUCTION 5 I - THE UPHEAVALS OF ASYLUM 9 1.1. The significant increase in asylum applications in Europe 9 1.2. Transferring the burden onto asylum 23 1.3. The Dublin system is both unfair and ineffective 30 1.4. Its concrete objectives have not been met 35 II - THE PROPOSED SOLUTIONS ARE INEFFECTIVE AND NOT IN KEEPING WITH EUROPEAN VALUES 39 2.1. Mechanisms for improved monitoring of the flow of migrants 39 1 2.2. The attempts for an equitable burden sharing among European States have failed 50 III - RESHAPING THE EUROPEAN POLICY ON THE RIGHT TO ASYLUM TO RESTORE ITS MEANING AND EFFECTIVENESS 57 3.1. A European policy on the right to asylum that combines humanism, effectiveness and solidarity 58 3.2. Possible responses to a deadlock in European negotiations: the issue of differentiated enforcement 78 APPENDICES Appendix 1: Glossary 95 Appendix 2: Estimation of the cost of the proposals set out in this report 98 www.institutmontaigne.org Preliminary Remarks Saving Soldier Asylum.1 Although it was codified in its modern form during the early 1950s,2 the right to asylum has existed, in various forms, since ancient times. It is a centuries-old tradition, especially in Western Europe. However, it is clearly in danger in the European Union today. This peril is not only the result of the emergence of populist movements that challenge its legitimacy.
    [Show full text]