Genesee County 2040 Long Term Transportation Plan

2040 Long Range Transportation Plan Summary Document

Approved January 21, 2015 Amended June 21, 2017 Administrative Modification April 27, 2018

2040 Long Range Transportation Plan for Genesee County

GeneSEE the Future: Mobility 2040

Special thanks to Marian Michalik (Chairperson), Ken Johnson (Vice-Chairperson), Kay Muhammad, Ed Benning, Mary Ann Ketels, Jennifer Skutt, David Arceo, Fred Peivandi, Robert Johnson, John Barsalou, Lynn Markland, Robert Cole, Linda Burchell, Brad Sharlow, Joshua Grab, Erik Tamlyn, Brandon Wilcox, Jay Reithel, Jackie Pethers, Jim Koenig, Pamela Boyd, Annett Shelton and Lamonica Harris for their participation in the development of this plan through the Long Range Transportation Plan Steering Committee, your input was greatly appreciated!

Genesee County Metropolitan Members Alliance Ellen Ellenburg Vaughn Smith Diane Hyrman Robert Johnson, Chairperson William Kovl Eric Wiederhold Patricia Witte Robert Cole, Vice-Chairperson Duane Mosher Joan Snyder Marian Michalik Marian Michalik, Treasurer Patricia Lockwood Les Bland Scott Bennett Dayne Walling Megan Hunter Dennis Chinonis Kay Muhammad Kevin Keane Tom Tithof Trustees Bill Bain Dennis Bow Matt Telliga Jerry Deloney Patricia Witte Esther Galuszka Susan Soderstrom Robert Johnson John Gilbert Ray Culbert Paul Zelenak Brian Baxter William Kovl Colleen Brown Paul Wixson Kay Doerr Dennis Heidenfeldt Dennis Heidenfeldt Dan Davis Deidre Zettel Gerry Masters Mark Middleton John Gilbert Bill Morey Ronald Schultz Robert Cole, Jr. Gerry Masters Shirley Kautman-Jones Paulette Johnson David Cain Tere Onica Chris Gehringer Randy Taylor Robert Widigan Rick Caruso Doug McAbee Matthew Karr Robert Cotrell Joan Skias Vince Lorraine Andy Marko Sam Stiff Robert Krug Karyn Miller Dave Lobdell David Arceo Tracey Tucker Kathy Volkening Rian Birchmeier Bill Bain Andrea Dewey Shirley Gage Mary Ann Price Jeff Wright Burt Banks Mark Martin Ed Benning Chuck Timmons Ken Draper Jay Reithel Pamela Boyd Derek Bradshaw Genesee County Board of Genesee County Metropolitan Commissioners Planning Commission

Jamie W. Curtis, Chairperson 1101 Beach Street, Room 223 Ted Henry, Vice-Chairperson Flint, Michigan 48502 Telephone: (810) 257-3010 Omar Sims Fax: (810) 257-3185 Brenda Clack John Northrup Mark Young Board Members Tony Brown Archie H. Bailey Alan Himelhoch, Chairperson Pegge Adams Alexander Issac, Vice-Chairperson Gloria Nealy, Secretary

Cheryl Sclater Michael Lynch Jamie Curtis John Mandelaris Mark Young Janice Karcher Ted Henry Carl Arthur III

The Genesee County Metropolitan Alliance is the Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) for Genesee County. The Genesee County Metropolitan Planning Commission serves as staff for the MPO and provided the staff resources for the development of this plan.

The preparation of this document has been financed through the Federal Highway Administration, the Federal Transit Administration, The Michigan Department of Transportation, and Genesee County under provisions of the Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21). Genesee County Metropolitan Planning Commission Staff

Derek Bradshaw, Director-Coordinator

Christine Durgan, Assistant Director Jason Nordberg, Principal Planner Sheila Taylor, Principal Planner Anna Pinter, Planner III Sharon Gregory, Planner III Carl Thompson, Planner III Claire Wilke, Planner I Shane Kelley, Planner I Damon Fortney, Planner I Jacob Maurer, Planner I

Christine Pobocik, GIS Specialist

Kim Stowell, Rehabilitation Intake Coordinator Andy Trudeau, Housing Rehabilitation Inspector Greg Mitchell, Housing Rehabilitation Inspector

Julie Zinger, Accounting Supervisor Nicole Lewis, Accountant Alberta Gunsell, Secretary Nichole Odette, Secretary Table of Contents

1 Introduction 6 List of Projects 16 Illustrative List of Projects 17 Socioeconomic Projections 20 Transportation Survey 22 Land Use 28 Pavement 35 Bridge 38 Air Quality Analysis 39 Safety 42 Non-Motorized 44 Complete Streets 47 Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) 49 Coordinated Plan 52 Transportation Model 53 Congestion Management & Projects 54 -2040 Capacity Deficiencies 55 Transit 60 Intermodal Freight 66 Financial Plan 68 Environmental Mitigation & Consultation 71 Environmental Justice 73 Public Participation 75 MAP-21 Planning Factors & Performance Measures 78 Goals, Objectives and Action Steps Introduction

The Genesee County 2040 Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) “GeneSEE the Future: Mobility 2040” has been developed to help address real world issues that we are faced with in the County:

How do we ensure that our kids can safely walk to school? How do we provide low income residents transportation to work or to hospitals if they do not have a car? What resources do we need to improve the condition of our roads? How can we help to improve the local economy?

The LRTP addresses issues such as these out to the year 2040 by providing policies, projects, and recommendations for Genesee County. LRTP’s must have a 20 year horizon and the Genesee County plan is required to be updated every 5 years.

The success of any plan depends on the participation of a diverse group of people from the general public, business owners, road and transit agencies, and organizations that provide community services to name a few. This effort was developed over a two year period with participation from a wide variety of people from the general public, and from public and private agencies and organizations. The result of this effort is a comprehensive transportation plan that will help to guide Genesee County to a better future.

1 Introduction The LRTP was developed as a summary document that is easy to read and provides an overview of the various issues related to transportation planning. The summary document is supported by 20 technical reports that provide a detailed analysis of each of the LRTP topics discussed. This allows the reader the opportunity to review the summary information to get a comprehensive overview of the issues or to dive into the technical details. A copy of the technical reports have been distributed with this report in a PDF format and are also available at our website www.gcmpc.org. Please note thatreport a is displayed picture at the representinghelp top each right the corner technical ofnavigate reader each page the to identify document,report what and they should to section refer identify to for they what further information. technical are in, to

2 2040 LRTP Technical Reports Introduction

Environmental Transit Public Transportation MAP-21 Planning Factors &

Mitigation & Consultation Participation Model Performance Measures

Financial Congestion Non-Motorized Transportation Socioeconomic

Plan Management & Projects Survey Projections

Safety Pavement Land Use ITS Intermodal

Freight

Air Quality Bridge Complete Coordinated Environmental

Analysis Streets Plan Justice 3 Goals Actions Introduction

Develop a plan that is compliant with federal Develop a checklist to ensure federal regulations. regulations are being met.

Develop a plan that will address the needs of Identify needs and recommendations for each the community. transportation issue facing Genesee County.

Develop a plan through an open process with Follow the procedures outlined in the Public input from diverse participants. Participation Plan. Use newspapers, television, and direct mailing to request input and actively go out into the public to seek input. Use innovative techniques such as incentives for filling out surveys and/or a website.

Write a plan that is friendly to the public but is Develop the plan as a summary document detailed enough to be used by transportation with detailed technical reports to support the related agencies. summary document.

Develop a plan that is within budget. Make sure that the projects identified in the plan are within budget by developing reasonable factors to predict future costs and revenues.

Identify any unmet needs not able to be Develop estimates for unmet needs, how addressed due to a limited budget. much funding is needed to address the unmet needs, and recommendation on how to best address funding shortfall.

Develop a plan that will conform to air quality Analyze the projects to make sure that regulations. Genesee County will continue to conform to air quality regulations. 4 Introduction

The main finding of the 2040 LRTP is that the needs of the transportation system in Genesee County outweigh the resources available to address the identified needs. Transit ridership is growing, 39% of the local federal-aid road system is in poor condition, and 90% of the bridges will need to be replaced by 2040. The funding available for these improvements is only projected to increase by 2.39% a year and in some cases is decreasing while the cost of projects are projected to increase by 4% a year.

The projects listed starting on P.6 were developed to address deficiencies identified by the plan and are limited by estimated future revenues. Estimates of future revenue fall short of the actual needs of the transportation system. There needs to be fundamental changes at the local, state, and federal levels of government to adequately fund our transportation infrastructure that we depend on for the movement of goods and services and to get to jobs, schools, stores, and hospitals.

5 Genesee County 2040 LRTP List of Projects (Page 1 of 10)

Estimated Fiscal Agency Project Project Description Limits Cost Year Free Computerized Carpool and Genesee and Lapeer GCMPC Rideshare Program $78,500 2015 Vanpool Program Counties I-75 at Dort Highway GCRC Dort Highway Extension Construction of a 4-lane highway $443,750 2015 South to Baldwin Road I-75 at Dort Highway GCRC Dort Highway Extension Construction of a 4-lane highway $730,000 2015 South to Baldwin Road Upgrade 5 intersections and Linden Road to Jennings GCRC Pierson Road $797,299 2015 realign driveway Road Road Agency Congestion Relief Congestion Relief Genesee County $68,547 2015 City of Fenton Silver Lake Road Bridge Replacement over Shiawassee River $2,196,000 2015 City of Flint Barton Street Preventative Maintenance over Thread Creek $220,500 2015 Preventative Maintenance--Deck City of Flint Kearsley Park Blvd. Over Gilkey Creek $124,200 2015 and concrete repairs GCRC Ballenger Highway Replacement over Swartz Creek $1,889,000 2015 GCRC Farrand Rd. bridge Bridge Replacement Over Pine Run $650,000 2015 GCRC Lippincott Rd. bridge Bridge Replacement Over Kearsley Creek $725,000 2015 GCRC Mt. Morris Road Preventative Maintenance over Flint River $1,105,500 2015 Install Sign Mounted Flashing Beacons and Upgrade Permanent GCRC Seymour Rd. Cole Rd. to Rolston Rd. $45,415 2015 Signing and Add Reflective Sheeting on the Sign Posts Wilson Road over Brent GCRC Wilson Road Rehabilitation $595,500 2015 Run Court Street to Davison City of Burton Belsay Road - CON Road Reconstruction $3,819,536 2015 Road South City Limits to North City of Mt. Morris Saginaw Street - PE Road Resurfacing $125,790 2015 City Limits City of Swartz Morrish Road to Elms Miller Road - CON Road Resurfacing $1,017,840 2015 Creek Road City of Swartz Tallmadge Court to Dye Miller Road - CON Road Resurfacing $1,022,281 2015 Creek Road Warner Road to Mill GCRC Flushing Road Road Rehabilitation $1,604,240 2015 Road

Estimated Fiscal Agency Project Project Description Limits Cost Year GCRC Pierson Road Road Rehabilitation Linden Road to I-75 $1,190,049 2015 Henderson Road to E GCRC Stanley Road Road Rehabilitation $725,329 2015 County Line GCRC Hill Rd. at Elms Rd. Construct Roundabout Hill Rd. at Elms Rd. $560,000 2015 Upgrade signal with 12" heads, GCRC Hill Road at Torrey Road upgrade permanent signing and Hill Road at Torrey Road $90,500 2015 pavement markings Installation of Flashers on Warning and Stop Signs, Permanent Signing, Stanley Road at Linden GCRC Stanley Road at Linden Rd. $30,000 2015 Pavement Markings and Reflective Rd. Sheeting on Sign Posts Install a 10 Ft wide non-motorized Stepping Stone Falls to GCRC Flint River Trail $841,280 2015 pathway Bluegill Boat Launch Road Agency Non-Motorized Non-Motorized Genesee County $1,303,876 2015 at 8th St, & Pierson (D02 MDOT I-475 Pump Station Rehabilitation $1,760,000 2015 & D04), city of Flint MDOT I-75 Construct Loop Ramp to NB I-75 I-75 at Holly Rd $1,700,000 2015 FY 2016 Michivan marketing and MDOT Michivan Genesee County $35,000 2015 capital CMAQ Program Local Road System Maintenance Local Road System Maintenance Road Agency Genesee County $ 30,010,310 2015 (MTF) (MTF) Road Agency Operations & Maintenance Operations & Maintenance Genesee County $ 49,500,000 2015 Transportation Studies Studies Genesee County $136,318 2015 Agency MTA Equipment Purchase Capital Parts Genesee County $840,000 2015 MTA Equipment Purchase Shop Equipment Genesee County $180,000 2015 MTA Equipment Purchase Computer Hardware Genesee County $165,000 2015 MTA Equipment Purchase Computer Software Genesee County $662,500 2015 MTA Facility Rehab/Renovate Facilities Genesee County $365,000 2015 Bus Shelter and Signage MTA Facility Genesee County $82,500 2015 Enhancement MTA Facility Security Genesee County $82,500 2015

Estimated Fiscal Agency Project Project Description Limits Cost Year

Enhanced Service to ADA Eligible MTA Operating Genesee County $324,068 2015 Passengers

Non-urban Area Operating MTA Operating Genesee County $1,491,687 2015 Assistance

Operating Assistance Mobility Non-Emergency Medical MTA Genesee County $192,000 2015 Management Transportation MTA Operations Preventative Maintenance Genesee County $3,105,000 2015 MTA Operations Job Access Reverse Commute Genesee County $540,000 2015 MTA Operations Operating Assistance Genesee County $100,000 2015 MTA Transit Facilities Static Fuel Cell Power System Genesee County $3,300,000 2015 Non-Emergency Medical MTA Transit Vehicle Replacement Genesee County $140,000 2015 Transportation

Purchase of 10 Clean MTA Transit Vehicle Replacement Genesee County $6,250,000 2015 Diesel/Electric Hybrid System Buses

Purchase of 15 paratransit vehicles- MTA Transit Vehicle Replacement Genesee County $1,067,086 2015 -Propane Powered Cutaways

MTA Vehicle Purchase Replacement Buses Genesee County $2,242,825 2015 Rehab/Renovate Revenue MTA Vehicle Genesee County $100,000 2015 Vehicles MTA Vehicle Purchase Paratransit Vehicles Genesee County $241,000 2015 MTA Vehicle Purchase Replacement Buses Genesee County $1,120,000 2015 MTA Fixed Route Study Study Genesee County $140,000 2015 MTA LEED Storage Facility Transit Services Genesee County $10,000,000 2015

Estimated Fiscal Agency Project Project Description Limits Cost Year Construction of Davison Service MTA Transit Services Genesee County $4,250,000 2015 Center Traffic signal upgrades and Atherton Road to City of Burton Center Road $1,224,103 2016 interconnection at 13 intersection Davison Road Free Computerized Carpool and Genesee and Lapeer GCMPC Rideshare Program $78,500 2016 Vanpool Program Counties 700 Ft South of Potter GCRC Irish Road at Potter Road Add Center Left Turn Lane Road to 700 Ft North of $852,300 2016 Potter Road Atherton Road to City of Burton Center Road Road Resurfacing $76,970 2016 Lippincott Blvd Road Agency Local Bridges Local Bridges Genesee County $709,110 2016 City of Flint Fenton Road - CON Road Resurfacing W Hemphill Road to I-69 $2,207,653 2016

City of Flint Fenton Road - PE Road Resurfacing W Hemphill Road to I-69 $191,971 2016 Chevrolet Avenue to City of Flint Kearsley Street - PE Road Resurfacing $93,775 2016 Beach Street City of Grand ViaCatherina to City Bellavista Road Reconstruction $262,113 2016 Blanc Limits (S of Bellavista Ct) Park Street to Nanita City of Montrose Alfred Street - CON Road Resurfacing $81,417 2016 Drive Park Street to Nanita City of Montrose Alfred Street - PE Road Resurfacing $7,080 2016 Drive South City Limits to North City of Mt. Morris Saginaw Street - CON Road Resurfacing $1,425,341 2016 City Limits Clio Road to Dort GCRC Coldwater Road Road Rehabilitation $4,678,266 2016 Highway Lake Road to Willard GCRC Elms Road Road Rehabilitation $651,338 2016 Road Road Agency Safety Safety Genesee County $1,151,262 2016

Estimated Fiscal Agency Project Project Description Limits Cost Year Install a 10 Ft wide non-motorized Bluebell Beach to GCRC Flint River Trail $2,265,708 2016 pathway Genesee Road Saginaw Street to Clio MDOT I-475 Rubbilize & Resurface $10,265,000 2016 Road Saginaw St to E of Clio MDOT I-475 Upgrade Shoulder Lighting $132,000 2016 Rd Bm End Rprs, Substr Rprs, App work, MDOT I-475 2 Bridges on I-475, Flint $1,462,060 2016 Brgs

MDOT I-69 Deck Replacement I-69 under Lapeer Road $3,499,588 2016

Ballenger Highway to MDOT I-69 Reconstruct $100,000 2016 Fenton Road at I-69 (D02 of 25031), MDOT I-75 Pump Station Rehabilitation $1,000,000 2016 Genessee County Bristol Rd at I-75 NB MDOT I-75 Install Roundabout $1,267,055 2016 Ramps M-15 over Paddison Co MDOT M-15 Culvert Replacement $457,774 2016 Drain FY 2017 Michivan marketing and MDOT Michivan Genesee County $35,000 2016 capital CMAQ Program MDOT Trunkline Bridge CPM/CSM GPA Trunkline Bridge CPM/CSM GPA Regionwide $1,369,606 2016 MDOT Trunkline Highway Safety GPA Trunkline Highway Safety GPA Regionwide $1,621,206 2016 Local Road System Maintenance Local Road System Maintenance Road Agency Genesee County $ 30,381,683 2016 (MTF) (MTF) Road Agency Operations & Maintenance Operations & Maintenance Genesee County $ 49,700,000 2016 Transportation Studies Studies Genesee County $ 136,318 2016 Agency

MTA Equipment Purchase Capital Parts Genesee County $840,000 2016

MTA Equipment Purchase Shop Equipment Genesee County $280,000 2016

MTA Equipment Purchase Service Vehicles Genesee County $65,000 2016

Estimated Fiscal Agency Project Project Description Limits Cost Year MTA Equipment Purchase Computer Hardware Genesee County $ 165,000 2016 MTA Equipment Purchase Computer Software Genesee County $ 677,500 2016 MTA Facility Rehab/Renovate Facilities Genesee County $ 315,000 2016 Bus Shelter and Signage MTA Facility Genesee County $ 82,500 2016 Enhancement MTA Facility Security Genesee County $ 82,500 2016 Enhanced Service to ADA Eligible MTA Operating Genesee County $ 324,068 2016 Passengers Non-urban Area Operating MTA Operating Genesee County $ 1,491,687 2016 Assistance MTA Operations Preventative Maintenance Genesee County $ 3,105,000 2016 MTA Operations Job Access Reverse Commute Genesee County $ 540,000 2016 MTA Operations Operating Assistance Genesee County $ 100,000 2016 MTA Transit Vehicle Replacement Purchase of 10 LPG Vehicles Genesee County $ 723,000 2016 MTA Vehicle Purchase Replacement Buses Genesee County $ 2,109,125 2016 MTA Vehicle Rehab/Renovate Buses Genesee County $ 100,000 2016 MTA Vehicle Purchase Paratransit Vehicles Genesee County $ 247,553 2016 MTA Vehicle Purchase Replacement Buses Genesee County $ 957,629 2016 MTA Static Fuel Cell Power System Transit Services Genesee County $ 3,300,000 2016 MTA Transit Transit Genesee County $ 14,703,962 2016 Free Computerized Carpool and Genesee and Lapeer GCMPC Rideshare Program $ 78,500 2017 Vanpool Program Counties Fenton Road to Saginaw GCRC Hill Road Upgrade 8 intersections $ 694,209 2017 Road Road Agency Local Bridges Local Bridges Genesee County $ 786,080 2017

Estimated Fiscal Agency Project Project Description Limits Cost Year Atherton Road to City of Burton Center Road - CON Road Resurfacing $980,594 2017 Lippincott Blvd Silver Lake Road to City of Fenton Poplar Street Road Rehabilitation $582,923 2017 North Road Chevrolet Avenue to City of Flint Kearsley Street - CON Road Resurfacing $1,097,637 2017 Beach Street Benson Street (City City of Mt. Morris Roosevelt Street Road Resurfacing $897,685 2017 Limits) to Saginaw Street City of Swartz Fairchild, Winston, Worchester & Miller Road to Miller Road Resurfacing $638,321 2017 Creek Cappy Road Dodge Road to Wilson GCRC Clio Road Road Rehabilitation $1,549,050 2017 Road Lennon Road to Calkins GCRC Linden Road Road Rehabilitation $4,747,493 2017 Road Frances Road to Dodge GCRC Linden Road Road Rehabilitation $600,000 2017 Road State Road to 7500 Ft GCRC Mt. Morris Road Road Rehabilitation East (Richfield $1,315,600 2017 Recycling) Road Agency Safety Safety Genesee County $1,151,262 2017 Install a 10 Ft wide non-motorized Riverbank Park to City of Flint Grand Traverse Greenway Trail $1,569,991 2017 pathway Hemphill Road Road Agency Non-Motorized Non-Motorized Genesee County $597,105 2017 Ballenger Highway to MDOT I-69 Reconstruct $18,025,000 2017 Fenton Road E of Ballenger Hwy to W MDOT I-69 Replace Freeway Lighting $2,550,000 2017 of Fenton Rd MDOT I-75 Construct Loop Ramp to NB I-75 I-75 at Holly Rd $3,973,410 2017

MDOT M-13 Install solar lighting at M-21 $30,000 2017 FY 2018 Michivan marketing and MDOT Michivan Genesee County $36,000 2017 capital CMAQ Program MDOT US-23 Resurface Carpool Lot at Silver Lake Road $64,000 2017

Estimated Fiscal Agency Project Project Description Limits Cost Year I-69 EB over MDOT I-69 Widen--Maint. Lanes $1,716,000 2017 Hammerberg Rd. I-69 WB over MDOT I-69 Widen--Maint. Lanes $1,454,000 2017 Hammerberg Rd. Local Road System Maintenance Local Road System Maintenance Road Agency Genesee County $ 22,548,373 2017 (MTF) (MTF) Road Agency Operations & Maintenance Operations & Maintenance Genesee County $ 49,900,000 2017 Transportation Studies Studies Genesee County $ 136,318 2017 Agency MTA Equipment Purchase Capital Parts Genesee County $840,000 2017 MTA Equipment Purchase Shop Equipment Genesee County $250,000 2017 MTA Equipment Purchase Service Vehicles Genesee County $75,000 2017 MTA Equipment Purchase Computer Hardware Genesee County $175,000 2017 MTA Equipment Purchase Computer Software Genesee County $744,500 2017 MTA Facility Rehab/Renovate Facilities Genesee County $93,000 2017 Bus Shelter and Signage MTA Facility Genesee County $82,500 2017 Enhancement MTA Facility Security Genesee County $82,500 2017 Enhanced Service to ADA Eligible MTA Operating Genesee County $324,068 2017 Passengers Non-urban Area Operating MTA Operating Genesee County $1,491,687 2017 Assistance MTA Operations Preventative Maintenance Genesee County $3,195,000 2017 MTA Operations Job Access Reverse Commute Genesee County $540,000 2017 MTA Operations Operating Assistance Genesee County $100,000 2017 MTA Transit Vehicle Replacement Purchase of 13 LPG Vehicles Genesee County $868,000 2017 MTA Vehicle Purchase Replacement Buses Genesee County $2,184,125 2017 Rehab/Renovate Revenue MTA Vehicle Genesee County $100,000 2017 Vehicles MTA Vehicle Purchase Paratransit Vehicles Genesee County $247,553 2017

Estimated Fiscal Agency Project Project Description Limits Cost Year MTA Vehicle Purchase Replacement Buses Genesee County $ 957,629 2017 MTA I-69 Corridor Study Study Genesee County $ 250,000 2017 MTA Transit Transit Genesee County $ 17,777,202 2017 I-75 at M-54 interchange GCRC Dort Highway Extension - CON Construction of a 3-lane highway to Baldwin Road - Local $ 10,000,000 2018 funds Road Agency Congestion Relief Congestion Relief Genesee County $ 2,144,142 2018 Road Agency Bridge Bridge Genesee County $ 804,867 2018 Road Agency Preservation Preservation Genesee County $ 9,846,268 2018 Road Agency Safety Safety Genesee County $ 1,178,777 2018 Road Agency Non-Motorized Non-Motorized Genesee County $ 2,218,890 2018

Corridor Improvements including full reconstruction from Carpenter Rd to Clio Rd (with removal of Saginaw St interchange MDOT I-475 loop ramps; removal of two pedestrian bridges near Saginaw I-75 $ 46,588,092 2018 St;and a 3-to-2 lane conversion between Carpenter Rd and Saginaw St).

Local Road System Maintenance Local Road System Maintenance Road Agency Genesee County $ 31,376,793 2018 (MTF) (MTF) Road Agency Operations & Maintenance Operations & Maintenance Genesee County $ 50,977,840 2018 Transportation Studies Studies Genesee County $ 139,575 2018 Agency Transit Agency Transit Transit Genesee County $ 30,567,541 2018 Cook Rd. to Grand GCRC Fenton Road Expand Roadway from 2 to 3 Lanes $ 3,157,440 2018 Blanc Rd. Saginaw Rd. to Center GCRC Hill Rd. Widen to 3 and 5 lanes $ 3,102,465 2019-2025 Rd. Lennon Rd. to Ballenger GCRC Miller Rd. Widen to 7 lanes $ 4,258,285 2019-2025 Rd. Road Agency Congestion Relief Congestion Relief Genesee County $ 6,964,575 2019-2025 Road Agency Bridge Bridge Genesee County $ 6,199,219 2019-2025 Road Agency Preservation Preservation Genesee County $ 75,837,552 2019-2025 Road Agency Safety Safety Genesee County $ 9,079,130 2019-2025 Road Agency Non-Motorized Non-Motorized Genesee County $ 17,090,250 2019-2025 MDOT MDOT Preservation MDOT Preservation Genesee County $ 205,285,205 2019-2025

Estimated Fiscal Agency Project Project Description Limits Cost Year Local Road System Maintenance Local Road System Maintenance Road Agency Genesee County $ 239,240,870 2019-2025 (MTF) (MTF) Road Agency Operations & Maintenance Operations & Maintenance Genesee County $ 389,044,784 2019-2025 Transportation Studies Studies Genesee County $ 1,075,033 2019-2025 Agency Transit Agency Transit Transit Genesee County $ 225,033,568 2019-2025 Davison Rd. to Richfield GCRC Irish Rd. Widen to 5 lanes $ 10,406,709 2026-2035 Rd. Road Agency Congestion Relief Congestion Relief Genesee County $ 12,175,874 2026-2035 Road Agency Bridge Bridge Genesee County $ 10,837,834 2026-2035 Road Agency Preservation Preservation Genesee County $ 132,583,614 2026-2035 Road Agency Safety Safety Genesee County $ 15,872,662 2026-2035 Road Agency Non-Motorized Non-Motorized Genesee County $ 29,878,168 2026-2035 MDOT MDOT Preservation MDOT Preservation Genesee County $ 366,242,284 2026-2035 Local Road System Maintenance Local Road System Maintenance Road Agency Genesee County $ 409,459,172 2026-2035 (MTF) (MTF) Road Agency Operations & Maintenance Operations & Maintenance Genesee County $ 667,129,724 2026-2035 Transportation Studies Studies Genesee County $ 1,879,435 2026-2035 Agency Transit Agency Transit Transit Genesee County $ 368,906,542 2026-2035 GCRC Grand Blanc Rd. Widen to 5 lanes US-23 to Grand Blanc CL $ 17,431,169 2036-2040 Road Agency Congestion Relief Congestion Relief Genesee County $ 7,255,127 2036-2040 Road Agency Bridge Bridge Genesee County $ 6,457,842 2036-2040 Road Agency Preservation Preservation Genesee County $ 79,001,397 2036-2040 Road Agency Safety Safety Genesee County $ 9,457,899 2036-2040 Road Agency Non-Motorized Non-Motorized Genesee County $ 17,803,233 2036-2040 MDOT MDOT Preservation MDOT Preservation Genesee County $ 228,049,049 2036-2040 Local Road System Maintenance Local Road System Maintenance Road Agency Genesee County $ 239,573,155 2036-2040 (MTF) (MTF) Road Agency Operations & Maintenance Operations & Maintenance Genesee County $ 390,991,605 2036-2040 Transportation Studies Studies Genesee County $ 1,119,882 2036-2040 Agency Transit Agency Transit Transit Genesee County $ 211,344,872 2036-2040

Total: $5,042,882,170 2014-2017 Transportation Improvement Program projects are programmed in the 2015, 2016, and 2017 years. Please note that the Genesee County Road Commission (GCRC) is responsible for Township Roads. 15 Genesee County 2040 LRTP Illustrative List of Projects

Agency Project Project Description Limits Estimated Cost Fiscal Year

GCRC Lapeer Rd. Widen to 5 lanes Irish Rd. to State Rd. $ 7,500,000 Illustrative

GCRC Perry Rd. Widen to 5 lanes Bella Vista to Belsay Rd. $ 4,000,000 Illustrative

GCRC Baldwin Rd. Widen to 5 lanes Fenton Rd. to Braemoor Dr. $ 18,000,000 Illustrative

GCRC Belsay Rd. Widen to 5 lanes Perry Rd. to Hill Rd. $ 3,500,000 Illustrative

GCRC Thompson Rd. Widen to 5 lanes US-23 to Torrey Rd. $ 2,500,000 Illustrative

GCRC Torrey Rd. Widen to 3 lanes Fenton CL to Thompson Rd. $ 6,000,000 Illustrative

GCRC Mt. Morris Rd. Widen to 3 lanes Dort Hwy. to Bray Rd. $ 2,000,000 Illustrative

MTA BRT Flint to Detroit Transit Services Flint to Detroit $ 450,000,000 Illustrative

GCRC North Rd. Widen to 3 lanes US-23 ramps to Fenton CL $ 1,601,032 Illustrative

GCRC Owen Rd. Widen to 3 lanes Linden Rd. to Jennings Rd. $ 2,535,368 Illustrative

2014-2017 Transportation Improvement Program projects are programmed in the 2015, 2016, and 2017 years. Please note that the Genesee County Road Commission (GCRC) is responsible for Township Roads. 16 Socioeconomic Projections Population and Employment projections developed for Genesee County for the 2040 Long Range Transportation Plan used nationally recognized data sources such as U.S. Census Data and Claritas Business Facts® data as the basis for the projections. Local data such as building permits and checking the accuracy of employer data helped to refine the national data sets to better reflect the trends that we are seeing in Genesee County. Together the population and employment projections are referred to as the official socioeconomic projections for Genesee County for transportation planning. They are the basis for projecting future travel patterns in the county and for identifying current and future deficiencies of the transportation system.

17 Socioeconomic Projections Municipality 2005 2010 2012 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2010 to 2040 2010 to 2040 Change % Change

Argentine Twp 6,943 6,913 6,903 6,926 7,069 7,236 7,425 7,638 7,886 973 14.1% Atlas Twp 6,215 6,133 6,102 6,085 6,139 6,267 6,412 6,576 6,768 635 10.4% Burton City 31,305 29,999 29,874 29,742 29,700 30,065 30,473 31,068 31,821 1,822 6.1% Clayton Twp 7,700 7,611 7,591 7,602 7,730 7,901 8,096 8,319 8,581 970 12.7% Clio City 2,586 2,646 2,628 2,605 2,584 2,602 2,626 2,661 2,711 65 2.5% Davison City 5,529 5,173 5,136 5,083 5,008 4,988 4,973 4,989 5,046 ‐127 ‐2.5% Davison Twp 19,180 19,575 19,512 19,551 19,986 20,606 21,292 22,055 22,932 3,357 17.1% Fenton City 11,625 11,746 11,771 11,878 12,201 12,344 12,466 12,628 12,861 1,115 9.5% Fenton Twp 14,665 15,552 15,554 15,689 16,274 16,953 17,647 18,331 19,020 3,468 22.3% Flint City 120,283 102,486 99,416 93,009 82,543 77,343 72,527 69,646 67,133 ‐35,353 ‐34.5% Flint Twp 33,720 31,890 31,739 31,526 31,251 31,281 31,203 31,310 31,646 ‐244 ‐0.8% Population Projections Flushing City 8,464 8,389 8,352 8,306 8,268 8,332 8,364 8,429 8,541 152 1.8% Flushing Twp 10,596 10,640 10,604 10,585 10,661 10,779 10,931 11,120 11,363 723 6.8% Overall, the population Forest Twp 3,931 3,838 3,820 3,800 3,789 3,829 3,868 3,921 3,993 155 4.0% projections show a 0.6% Gaines Twp 6,420 6,442 6,436 6,460 6,592 6,736 6,900 7,086 7,305 863 13.4% decrease in population from Gaines Village 450 380 379 378 377 375 375 377 380 0 0.0% 2010 to 2040. Projections for Genesee Twp 23,981 21,595 21,513 21,395 21,237 21,259 21,159 21,164 21,300 ‐295 ‐1.4% each local unit of government Goodrich Village 1,566 1,860 1,855 1,868 1,940 2,045 2,155 2,271 2,396 536 28.8% indicate a shift in population Grand Blanc City 8,078 8,276 8,227 8,181 8,187 8,257 8,358 8,492 8,674 398 4.8% Grand Blanc Twp 35,075 37,500 37,527 37,878 39,312 40,903 42,421 43,970 45,734 8,234 22.0% from the City of Flint to the Linden City 3,603 3,991 3,997 4,029 4,142 4,239 4,342 4,417 4,514 523 13.1% outlying communities. Montrose City 1,552 1,657 1,648 1,639 1,635 1,656 1,679 1,707 1,745 88 5.3% Montrose Twp 6,496 6,224 6,203 6,180 6,172 6,232 6,290 6,380 6,499 275 4.4% Mt Morris City 3,448 3,127 3,119 3,111 3,118 3,168 3,209 3,282 3,393 266 8.5% Mt Morris Twp 23,795 21,460 21,421 21,370 21,331 21,477 21,422 21,482 21,684 224 1.0% Mundy Twp 14,810 15,063 15,076 15,253 15,975 16,820 17,710 18,656 19,695 4,632 30.8% Otisville Village 903 864 862 861 863 861 862 867 875 11 1.3% Richfield Twp 8,726 8,730 8,690 8,684 8,823 9,073 9,349 9,654 10,005 1,275 14.6% Swartz Creek City 5,493 5,726 5,696 5,706 5,819 5,969 6,140 6,334 6,564 838 14.6% Thetford Twp 8,385 7,049 7,039 7,029 7,034 7,107 7,118 7,176 7,288 239 3.4% Vienna Twp 13,627 13,255 13,228 13,248 13,449 13,681 13,957 14,282 14,677 1,422 10.7% Genesee County Total 449,150 425,790 421,919 415,657 409,210 410,384 411,749 416,286 423,030 ‐2,760 ‐0.6%

18 Socioeconomic Projections

Employment Projections

Overall, employment projections show a 15.9% increase in employment from 2010 to 2040. The main fact to note is the projections are showing a shift from a manufacturing based economy to a service based industry.

The economic downturn in recent years has played a significant role in communities throughout Genesee County resulting in an overall decrease in jobs between 2005 and 2010. Many companies have closed down their facilities and/or simply moved out of the area. The companies that choose to stay are using fewer employees to do the same amount of labor. Even with the significant decrease between 2005 and 2010, our projections indicate a gradual increase in employment overall from 2010 forward.

Employment Category Genesee County Employment by Sector 2005 ‐ 2040 2005 2010 2015 2020 2525 2030 2035 2040 Manufacturing 24,433 10,415 10,672 10,398 9,948 9,630 9,267 8,909 Other 12,677 9,798 10,840 11,333 11,374 11,274 11,007 10,766 Transportation and Public Utilities 5,768 4,501 4,667 4,724 4,725 4,802 4,973 5,176 Finance, Insurance and Real Estate 14,400 15,778 16,671 17,264 16,945 16,528 16,223 15,911 Retail Trade 27,984 24,291 24,125 23,956 23,451 22,838 22,618 22,315 Wholesale Trade 7,244 5,772 5,775 5,767 5,728 5,638 5,524 5,337 Services 92,713 88,040 95,427 103,017 109,041 111,229 114,412 117,516 Government 26,443 24,731 24,105 25,570 25,875 26,123 26,433 26,646 Total 211,662 183,326 192,282 202,029 207,087 208,062 210,457 212,576 19 Transportation In May 2013, a short survey was released regarding the transportation system in Genesee County Survey for the development of the 2040 Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP). The purpose of the survey was to gather information about the Genesee County transportation system from users of the system. To encourage people to fill out the surveys it was advertised that all completed surveys submitted to our office by June 14th would be eligible for a drawing to win one of five $100 gas cards or one of five MTA monthly bus passes. Notices of the survey were mailed to the Genesee County Metropolitan Planning Commissions’ (GCMPC) public involvement list, sent to all local units of government for posting and distribution, emailed to all county employees, and posted on the GCMPC website. As part of the public participation efforts of the LRTP, staff set up informational booths at the Courtland Center mall, the Genesee Valley mall, and the MTA Bus Transfer Center and had the surveys available for distribution. There were also newspaper articles and television interviews which advertised the survey.

In total 292 surveys were collected. The Results of the survey are displayed on page 20 and 21 of this report and were used to guide development of the LRTP.

20 Transportation Survey

21 Land Use GCMPC has taken the 2006 Land Use study to the next step by developing an analysis of future development and trends for Genesee County. While the 2006 analysis proved to us that urban sprawl had been occurring at a very rapid rate in Genesee County for the past thirty years, the 2040 projection shows this trend continuing, but at a much slower rate. The approved 2040 Socioeconomic Projections will become the Status Quo scenario in the scenario planning portion of this report.

Undeveloped land in our county is becoming a scarce resource and this trend is projected to continue over the next 25 years, but not nearly at the rates seen in the 1990’s. The wasteful consumption of land during that time was matched by an actual decline in population. Genesee County’s 2040 Socioeconomic Projections indicate a gradual increase in employment county-wide from 2010 forward. An increase in employment would impact the built environment with the construction of new buildings or through the redevelopment and the renovation of older urban structures. GCMPC staff has developed four (4) separate scenarios to explore various development possibilities (scenarios) and how these possibilities could affect Genesee County’s transportation system.

22 Land Use Trend: 1978-2040 Land Use

In the 1980’s and 1990’s, heavy land 1978 consumption was concentrated in the townships. The 2040 projection shows this trend continuing. In the townships alone, over 97,000 acres of undevelopedlandwillhavebeen developed since 1980. This amount, coupled with the growth expected to occur in the cities, climbs the total amount of undeveloped land consumed in the county to nearly 111,000 acres.

2006 By 2040, it is projected that developed land in Genesee County will have increased by 104% since the first inventory was completed in 1978. At the same time, the county is expected to lose 37% of undeveloped land— farmland, forested lands, rangelands, and wetlands.

2040 23 Land Use Scenarios Land Use Staff developed four scenarios for the 2040 Long Range Transportation Plan which includes Status Quo, Sustainable Growth, Hyper-Growth and Planned Hyper-Growth

Status Quo Scenario – This is the business as usual scenario. This scenario shows population shifting away from the older urbanized areas to suburban and rural undeveloped areas. It uses the current population and employment growth rates that were approved by the Genesee County Metropolitan Alliance for use in the 2040 Long Range Transportation Plan whichisa15%growthinemploymentand-0.6%declineinpopulationfrom 2010 to 2040.

Sustainable Growth Scenario* – This scenario uses the same employment and population growth rates as the Status Quo scenario. Growth is clustered near urbanized areas as a result of urban reinvestment and suburban planning.

Hyper-Growth Scenario* – This is the economic boom scenario. It shows inflated growth in population and employment with dispersed development. A 30% growth rate in employment and 30% growth rate in population were utilized to project into the year 2040.

Sustainable Hyper-Growth Scenario* – This is the urban reinvestment and economic boom scenario. This scenario combines the increased growth of the Hyper Growth Scenario (30% growth rate in employment and 30% growth rate in population by the year 2040), with the development patterns of the Sustainable Growth Scenario which clusters development in and around urbanized areas.

*For the Sustainable Growth, Hyper Growth, and Sustainable Hyper Growth scenarios, the City of Flint’s population was held at 2020 projected levels. 24 Land Use

2040 Growth Scenarios: Urban & Built vs. Undeveloped

2040 Growth Scenarios 60%

50%

40%

30% 57% Urban & Built 54% 51% 51% 46% 49% 49% Undeveloped 20% 43%

10%

0% Status Quo Sustainable Growth Hyper Growth Sustainable Hyper Growth

25 Land Use

26 Future Development Recommendation: Sustainable Growth Scenario Land Use The four growth scenarios presented in this report have helped shed light on the potential positive and negative impacts on our land, air, roadways, and even our pocketbooks. While capacity deficiencies are based on the Status Quo scenario, the motivation for creating the scenarios was to help formulate a vision of how and where future development should occur in Genesee County. Of the four scenarios evaluated, the Sustainable Growth development scenario was deemed the best as it could potentially preserve over 9,000 acres of farmland and open space, keep costs for new infrastructure and public services down, decrease the vehicle miles traveled by local residents, the length of time residents are stuck in traffic, and increase the population reached by the primary transit system. In an effort to move toward the Sustainable Growth scenario in the future, the following recommendations have been provided.

•Strengthen and direct development towards existing communities. •Encourage cities, villages, and townships to work together and adopt common goals for future development. •Encourage local units to update zoning ordinances and master planning documents and seek commonality with other local units of government to promote smarter growth standards and development guidelines. •Encourage transportation system maintenance and improvements on the existing infrastructure, while minimizing costly expansion of the system. •Preserve open space, farmland, natural beauty, and critical environmental areas. •Provide a variety of transportation choices. •Take advantage of compact development design. •Foster distinctive, attractive communities with a strong sense of place •Create walkable neighborhoods

27 Pavement

Roads are the foundation of any transportation system, and the condition of the road network is an important part of the transportation planning process. Genesee County has a pavement management program in place that assesses the condition of the federal aid road network on an annual basis using the PASER rating system and stores the data in a Geographic Information System (GIS) called RoadSoft GIS.

Genesee County’s federal-aid network consists of approximately 2,696 lanes miles of roads. This includes MDOT-owned roads, Genesee County Road Commission roads, and city and village roads eligible for federal aid-funding. The chart below and the map on the following page show 2013 PASER ratings for Genesee County.

Genesee County 2013 PASER Ratings PASER Rating Prescribed Fix Total Lane Miles Percentage of PASER Lane Miles 1 to 4 Structural Improvements 825.36 31% 5 to 7 Capital Preventative Maintenance 1385.11 51% 8 to 10 Routine Maintenance 485.36 18%

28 Pavement

29 Pavement

Genesee County Pavement Funding Breakdown

Pavement Management Network % of Lane Miles Yearly Average

Locally-Owned Roads 51% $13,758,233 Federal-Aid Roads 34% $9,542,319 MDOT Interstates, Highways, and Trunklines 15% $13,232,438 Total 100% $36,532,992

30 Pavement Local Focus

The majority of the pavement analysis completed for the LRTP was focused on the Local Federal-Aid Road Network, which excludes Michigan Department of Transportation federal-aid roads. The local federal-aid network is maintained primarily with funding allocated to the Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO) and administered through the Transportation Improvement Program (TIP). While there is limited funding for these roads, the MPO has control over how the funding is used within federal regulations.

31 As you can see in the chart below, the condition of the federal-aid road system in Genesee Pavement County improved in 2012 and 2013; the percentage of roads in fair and good condition increased, while roads in poor condition decreased. Staff hypothesizes that the improvements in PASER ratings are partially the result of additional federal and state funding programs in the mid- to late-2000s. However, staff still anticipates the condition of the network to continue to deteriorate as illustrated in the 2009-2011 years of the chart. In order to assess how to reverse this trend, a series of pavement scenarios were evaluated using the RoadSoft GIS program which is able to predict system level pavement conditions out to 2017. The pavement scenarios analyzed present funding and maintenance practices to see what condition our system will be in if we continue to use these practices and to look at alternative practices and funding to see what it would take to improve our system. The scenarios analyze mixtures of different maintenance techniques, different ways to use the funding that we currently receive, maintaining various road networks, and different funding levels.

Genesee County PASER Road Condition 2009-2013

60%

50%

40% Poor 30% Fair

20% Good

10%

0% 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

32 There were several notable results that came out of the analysis. Adding an additional $1 million for routine maintenance to a typical year showed a significant improvement Pavement over the same scenario without the additional routine maintenance, however, the system level condition after the 10-year period was not improved. In fact no matter what mix-of-fixes was used, not one of the scenarios was able to improve the system level pavement condition with existing levels of funding. Only after tripling the current level of funding was there an improvement to the system level pavement condition. This illustrates a $872 Million shortfall in funding to address local pavement condition issues.

It should be noted that several of the scenarios use maintenance techniques that are not typically eligible for federal funding such as routine maintenance. The addition of a relatively small amount of funding for routine maintenance showed significant benefits as far as maintaining the roads that are in good condition. This analysis illustrates that it would be beneficial to have the flexibility to use a portion of federal funding for routine maintenance.

33 Pavement

Recommendations:

•Update the pavement management program regularly and continue annual data collection. •Adopt a preventive maintenance strategy and policy. •Consider rehabilitation alternatives that will “stretch” the maintenance dollar. •Direct staff to determine additional funding sources. •Redistribution of current funds and the creation of new funding sources. •Flexibility of use of funds.

34 Bridge

Genesee County 2012 Bridge Deficiencies

Structurally Deficient The bridge report provides quality data on 18% the current condition of the bridges in Not Deficient Genesee County, and from this data, 53% forecasts the future condition of bridges into the year 2040. Currently in Genesee County, there are 371 total bridges. Of the total, 174 (47%) bridges are deficient. Deficient bridges are either structurally deficient or functionally obsolete. Functionally Structurally deficient (SD) refers to those Obsolete bridges that are in poor condition, while 29% functionally obsolete (FO) refers to those bridges that are not built to the current standards. 35 Bridge

Service Life of Bridges

With an older stock of bridges in the County, the number of those classified as deficient is expected to grow considerably by the year 2040. Assuming an average bridge service life of 50 years, 329 (90%) of the existing bridges in Genesee County will need to be replaced by 2040, as they will have reached an age of 50 years or more. To provide the necessary improvements through 2040, roughly $1.5 billion will be needed.

36 Bridge Bridge Funding Recommendations

Over the past five years, Genesee County •Increase bridge funding through revision has received approximately $15.6 million a of existing funding mechanisms and the year in local and state bridge funding. If this creation of new funding mechanisms. figure is forecasted out to 2040, it would •Local control of funding available for equal roughly $421 million in revenue for bridges. bridge projects in Genesee County. •Implement routine preventative Unfortunately, even with this optimistic maintenance program. revenue estimate, the bridge funding •Mix of Fixes on the system to optimize projection falls severely short of the available funding including estimated $1.5 billion needed in reconstruction, rehabilitation, routine and improvement costs through 2040. preventative maintenance.

37 Air Quality Analysis On May 12, 2012 the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) revoked the 1997 8-hour 0.080 ppm Ozone standard for the purposes of regional transportation conformity. On May 21, 2012, the USEPA issued designations for the new 2008 8-hour 0.075 ppm Ozone standard. Flint-Genesee County is designated attainment under the 2008 standard.

Effective July 21, 2013, (as a result of both the partial revocation of the 0.080 Ozone standard, and the designation of Flint-Genesee County as attainment for the 0.075 standard), the Flint-Genesee County attainment/maintenance area is no longer required to demonstrate regional transportation conformity of Long Range Plans or Transportation Improvement Plans (TIPs) until EPA publishes a notice designating the area in nonattainment.

Unless a designation to nonattainment for the 2008 standard occurs on or before July 20, 2013, the requirement to demonstrate regional transportation conformity will end until a designation of nonattainment under a National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) is published for the area.

38 Safety The identified intersections have the highest number of reported crashes in Genesee Genesee County County. These intersections Intersection Ranking Report (2008-2012)* are also generally identified as Total having the highest traffic Intersection Location volumes in the County. The Crashes ranking of the intersections 1. S. Linden Rd. & Corunna Rd. 166 2. E. Court St. & S. Center Rd. 116 does not use a complex crash- 3. W. Bristol Rd. & Bristol/N I-75 ramp 115 to-traffic volume ratio to 4. S. Dort Hwy. & E. Court St. 113 calculate the rankings. They 5. W. Hill Rd. & E. Hill Rd. & Fenton Rd. 113 are ranked simply on the 6. Lapeer Rd. & S. State Rd. 108 number of crashes reported 7. S. Grand Traverse St. & E. Bristol Rd. 107 per intersection. This is still a 8. N. Linden Rd. & W. Pierson Rd. 106 noteworthy comparison as an 9. Van Slyke Rd. & W. Bristol Rd. 100 improvement to one of these 10. Corunna Rd. & S. Ballenger Hwy. 98 intersections can have a high 11. S. Linden Rd. & Lennon Rd. 98 impact on the number of 12. S. Dort Hwy. & Lapeer Rd. 97 crashes in Genesee County. 13. S. Graham Rd. & Corunna Rd. 96 14. W. Bristol Rd. & E. Bristol Rd. & Fenton Rd. 96 15. S. Linden Rd. & Miller Rd. 91 16. Bristol/N I-75 ramp & W. Bristol Rd. 90 17. E. Hill Rd. & S. Saginaw Rd. 89 18. S I-75/Corunna ramp & Corunna Rd. 89 19. E. Grand Blanc Rd. & Dort Hwy. 87 20. E. Bristol Rd. & S. Saginaw St. 85 21. Miller Rd. & S. Ballenger Hwy. 85 22. W. Atherton Rd. & Fent on Rd. 82 23. S. Saginaw St. & E. 5th St. & W. 5th St. 80 24. Austins Pkwy. & Miller Rd. 78 25. E. Atherton Rd. & S. Center Rd. 78

39 The Safety Technical Report has been developed to identify and address the transportation Safety related safety needs in Genesee County. The report highlights a variety of safety data to help identify deficiencies in the road system and to mitigate them in an efficient and effective method by establishing goals and objectives that can be implemented throughout the planning process.

The chart below shows the traffic crash trends for Genesee County during the period of 2008-2012. The categories of crashes identified are typical crash types that are monitored for safety analysis. During this five-year period, most categories of crashes saw reduced numbers, except for bicycle-involved crashes, which remained the same. Even though the data shows that the number of alcohol involved crashes is going down, the overall number of crashes involving alcohol is still a large number and should continue to be addressed.

Genesee County Crash Trends 2008-2012 3,000

2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000

500

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 40 Safety Recommendations Safety Continued and increased funding for enforcement: Many of the accident types identified in the Genesee County Crash Trends chart such as alcohol, speeding, and red light running are primarily related to driver behavior. These type of crashes can be reduced though focused enforcement of existing laws helping to changing driver behavior.

Continued and increased funding for education: The same behavior related accident types that can be reduced through enforcement can also be reduced through education. School, radio and television educational campaigns are effective tools to help modify driver behavior.

Engineering Improvements: Local Road Agencies should continue to evaluate high crash locations under their jurisdiction and prioritize improvements given available resources. Low cost improvements should be implemented where possible and prior to implementing more costly improvements.

Continue to Monitor Safety Data: All transportation agencies in Genesee County should continue to monitor safety related data and continue to improve on the methods to monitor and evaluate the data.

41 Non-Motorized

The Genesee County Regional Non- Motorized Plan is the Non-Motorized Technical Report for this plan and has been developed to provide a framework for creating an interconnected system of trailways throughout Genesee County. The goals of the plan are: trail connectivity, alternative transportation, safety for all users, recreational opportunities, providing resources for implementation and education.

The Non-Motorized Plan includes priority tiers for trail development and recommendations for next steps to continue the development of non-motorized pathways in Genesee County. The map on the left shows potential trails organized into three tiers:

Tier 1: Short Term Priorities (1-10 Years) Tier 2: Mid Term Priorities (11-20 Years) Tier 3: Long Term Priorities (Beyond 20 Years)

42 Implementation Strategy Non-Motorized

Staff has been actively working with local trail groups to implement the trail plan by 1) working on preliminary design for the top tier trails and seeking funding for those connections; 2) providing educational opportunitiesforthecommunityinareasoftrail development, green infrastructure planning, Complete Streets, and the Regional Trails and Greenway Summit; 3) meeting with local road agencies and municipalities to coordinate on trail development; 4) bringing the trail message to the local community at area events and providing trail maps and info; 5) development of a Complete Streets Policy for Genesee County that can become the guiding principles for improving transportation in Genesee County to encourage walking, bicycling and transit use that is safe and accessible for everyone.

43 Complete Complete Streets is a way of looking at the public right-of-ways in the community as Streets not just a place for cars to travel, but a place for people to travel. A Complete Street is a safe, comfortable and convenient street for travel via automobile, foot, bicycle and transit. There is not one particular best practice for Complete Streets, but a way of considering the possible users of a street and accommodating them in the best way possible. Remember, every trip you take in an automobile begins and ends with walking. Recommendations for the Complete Streets Technical report are the vision statement, policies, and road diet study results.

The Complete Streets vision statement for Genesee County: “Transportation improvements in Genesee County are planned, designed and constructed to encourage walking, bicycling, and transit use while promoting safety for all users.”

Design elements of a complete street may include:

•Sidewalks •Bike lanes •Non-motorized paths •ADA Accessible crosswalks and ramps •ADA Accessible bus stops and shelters •Dedicated bus lanes •Pedestrian crossings at signalized intersections •Bridges with non-motorized access •On-street parking •Road Diets

44 Complete Genesee County Complete Streets Policies Streets

Policy 1: Coverage Area CompleteStreetspoliciesshallcoverallroadsinGeneseeCountythatarepartoftheFederalAid Road System.

Policy 2: Design Guidelines All transportation improvements shall be constructed in accordance with prevailing ADA guidelines and AASHTO and existing MDOT standards.

Policy 3: Planning Documents All Federal Aid Road Projects in the Genesee County Metropolitan Alliance Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) and Transportation Improvement Program (TIP) shall be evaluated according to the guiding principles of Complete Streets.

Policy 4: Maintenance Maintenance agreements with clearly defined roles and responsibilities shall be established for any non-motorized facilities before the facilities are built.

Policy 5: New Development Municipalities should consider adopting a Complete Streets policy and that all new development site plans, residential and non-residential, should provide non-motorized facilities.

•Built to ADA guidelines and AASHTO standards •With adjacent connections to existing or future non-motorized facilities •Regardless of land use, location or National Functional Classification •At the minimum, along the road frontage Right-of-Way •Consultation with local road and transit agencies should occur during the site plan review process

The following exceptions are suggested: • Residential developments with one dwelling unit per more than five acres •If the cost of providing non-motorized facilitates becomes burdensome to the total infrastructure cost associated with the development •The provision of non-motorized facilities is environmentally unfeasible due to natural resource constraints •Along or to a facility where pedestrians and bicycles are prohibited (i.e. freeways) 45 Complete Streets

Road Diet Study

Although there are many ways to complete a street, the technical report includes an in-depth look at one low-cost and simple complete street technique that can improve traffic safety, provide room for bike lanes and make it safer for pedestrians and bicyclists to travel, road diets. Aroad diet is a reconfiguration reducing the number of traffic lanes on a roadway to accommodate the introduction of a center-turn lane, on-street parking, bike lanes, a dedicated transit lane or a combination of these street amenities.

The Road Diet Study took a look at select 4-lane road segments in Genesee County, in order to asses whether or not they were good candidates for 3-lane conversions. All 4-lane roads in the Genesee County federal-aid road network were identified. 4-lane roads that are currently congested or are in areas anticipated to see future traffic congestion based on current land use trends were removed from the study before further data collection. Field investigation of each corridor was conducted and a database was complied of relevant road attributes for an assessment of the overall suitability of each corridor for a road diet. The map identifies corridors that were a part of the study.

46 An Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) improves transportation safety and mobility and ITS enhances productivity through the use of advanced communications technologies. It encompasses a broad range of wireless and wire line communications-based information and electronics technologies. When integrated into the transportation system's infrastructure, and in vehicles themselves, these technologies relieve congestion, improve safety and enhance American productivity.

There are currently two ITS plans that serve Genesee County: The MDOT Bay Region ITS Architecture and Deployment Plan and The Flint Mass Transportation Authority ITS Implementation Plan. These two plans combined make up the Intelligent Transportation Systems Technical Report. The Genesee County ITS objective is to continue to collaborate with Michigan Department of Transportation, Mass Transportation Authority, Genesee County Road Commission and other agencies to avoid duplication of effort and to ensure integration of ITS systems. It is also the objective to encourage ITS components in the Transportation Improvement Program Call for Projects, Safety Call for Projects and Congestion Mitigation Air Quality Call for Projects.

Recommendations

•Revisit and revise the Genesee County architecture every five years to ensure its ongoing consistency with actual conditions.

•Work with regional and statewide partners in the evaluation and endorsement of regional ITS standards, to ensure that the interoperability objectives of the architecture are carried through to the detailed technical design of project deployments.

•Continued implementation of the two ITS plans that serve Genesee County.

47 Recently Completed ITS Projects in Genesee County: ITS

Agency Project

City of Fenton Signal Timing (Owen Rd.) City of Mt. Morris Signal Interconnect (Saginaw St./Mt. Morris Rd) MDOT M-21: Signal Optimization (M-13 to I-475) MDOT M-54: Signal Optimization (Grand Blanc Rd. to Clio Rd.) GCRC Hill Rd: Sensys detection equipment (I-75 to Dort Hwy.)

Bristol Rd: 900 MHz Radio equipment, & Sensys detection GCRC equipment, upgraded to box span layouts & 12” signal heads – 13 intersections (Torrey Rd. to Dort Hwy.)

City of Flint Pierson Rd: Signal Modernization (Clio Rd. to MLK Jr. Ave.) Proposed ITS Projects Holly Rd: Wireless Interconnect (Baldwin Rd. to Grand Blanc City GCRC limits) in Genesee County:

Upgraded to box span layouts & 12” signal heads (Clio/Mt. Agency Project GCRC Morris, Jennings/Pasadena, Pasadena/Lavelle, Beecher/Calkins, Flushing/Lavelle, Hill/Saginaw) – 6 intersections MDOT 3 Dynamic Message Signs (DMS) at various locations along I-475 and I-69 Holly Rd: Insync Traffic Adaptive equipment, upgraded box span GCRC MDOT 6 closed circuit TV (CCTV) cameras along I- layouts (Baldwin Rd. to McClandlish Rd.) – 7 intersections 75 and I-69 MDOT Signal Modernization (I-69 @ M-54, I-69 @ Genesee Rd: Wireless Radio Interconnect & upgrade to box GCRC Center Rd.) spans (Richfield to Mt. Morris Rd.)- 6 intersections MDOT M-54: Signal Modernization (Court St. to Leith I-69: closed circuit TV (CCTV), Dynamic Message Signs (DMS), St.) MDOT and Environmental Sensor Stations (ESS) (GC ITS System) MTA Interactive Voice Response and Network Video Recording MTA Automatic Vehicle Location & Passenger Counters GCRC Automatic data collection for permanent MTA Computer Aided Dispatch Equipment Traffic Count Stations (Bristol Rd, Hill Rd, Holly Rd, and Genesee Rd.) MTA Dispatch Dual Monitors (location and performance) MDOT Genesee County: additional closed circuit TV MTA Equipment and Asset Management System (CCTV) cameras

48 Coordinated Plan

The Genesee County Coordinated Public Transit-Human Services Transportation Plan (Coordinated Plan) serves as the technical report for the LRTP and was developed to re-identify the transportation needs of individuals with disabilities, elderly individuals, and individuals with low incomes. It also provides strategies for meeting those local needs, and prioritizes transportation services for funding and implementation. Genesee County’s Coordinated Plan was locally developed through a workshop style process that included representatives of public, private, non-profit and human services transportation providers and members of the public.

49 Coordinated Plan Assessment of Transportation Needs Strategies to Address the Needs and Gaps in Services There are many unmet needs and gaps in services in Genesee County To address the transportation needs at this time. The three groups at the and gaps in services, the workshop Coordinated Plan Workshop re- participants reviewed the current list identified unmet needs and gaps in of strategies and came up with services. Staff took all these identified revised lists of potential strategies. needs and created a narrative that Each group considered their list of combines the needs into general needs, and then identified the categories; refer to page 20 of the strategies that could be used to help Technical Report. the needs; refer to page 27 of the Technical Report.

Priorities for Implementation

Workshop participants considered all the identified strategies, and by casting votes, prioritized the strategies according to what they thought to be most important. Participants also determined which agencies should be responsible for the implementation of the strategies. By voting, participants decided that the most important strategy was maintaining and increasing funding for existing services. To see a complete listing of all the prioritized strategies, refer to page 29 of the Technical Report.

50 Coordinated Next Steps Plan

The Coordinated Plan laid out in detail how many transportation-related needs were still unmet in Genesee County. Much more funding is needed to be able to fill all these unmet needs. Staff will continue working with local transit and human service agencies, along with FHWA, MDOT and FTA, to facilitate the Coordinated Plan process. As projects are derived from the Genesee County Coordinated Public Transit-Human Services Transportation Plan, staff will participate in helping those projects move forward as necessary. Staff has been complimented on its good working relationship with local transit services, and is looking forward to maintaining that relationship while helping to improve transportation services in Genesee County.

51 Transportation Model A computer model representing the transportation system in Genesee County was developed for the 2040 LRTP. The model is able to estimate future levels of traffic, freight (truck), and transit out to 2040. This helps to identify current and future deficiencies on the transportation network. Once the issues are identified, the model is also able to help identify projects that will best address the deficiencies. Outputs of the model are used to analyze what air quality effects projects may have to ensure Genesee County is in compliance with air quality regulations. Documentation on the development of the transportation model can be found in the Model Update Technical Report. Results from the model will be identified in the Air Quality, Transit, Freight, and Congestion Management Process and Projects sections and technical reports.

52 Congestion Management

And Projects

OneofthemainpurposesoftheLRTPisto identify and address congestion related issues on the transportation system. A Congestion Management Process (CMP) has been developed for Genesee County to make sure congestion is adequately addressed in the transportation planning process. The transportation model is the main tool used for the CMP. The model was used to identify potential deficiencies (congested corridors) in the transportation system in 2040. The deficiencies identified on the map on this page and the chart on the next was used by local road agencies to select projects to address the deficiencies. The projects and alternatives to the projects were evaluated using the transportation model to see what will best address the identified issues. The result of this effort is the official list of LRTP projects that has been identified on page 6 of this document.

53 2040 Capacity Related Deficiencies Congestion

Name From To LOS Name From To LOS Management 5th Ave Prospect Martin Luther King D N I 475 Atherton Robert T. Longway E Adelaide Shiawassee S. Holly Rd D N I 475 I 75 Atherton D Baldwin Torrey Fenton D N I 75 Corunna Pierson D Baldwin Fenton Braemoor E N I 75 Jct US 23 Corunna E Ballenger Miller Flushing D N I 75 S County Line I 475 D Belsay Davison Richfield D N US 23 Owen Jct I 75 E Belsay Perry Hill D N US 23 S. County Line Owen D Center Lapeer Court E North Ponemah US23 SB Ramps D Center Saginaw Hill D North US23 SB Ramps Poplar E Corunna Linden Graham D Owen Linden Shiawassee E And Projects Corunna Graham NB I75 Ramps E Perry Bella Vista Belsay E Corunna Ballenger Court D Poplar Silver Lake North E Dort Lapeer Court D S I 475 Carpenter Robert T. Longway D E I 69 Bristol 9th D S I 475 Robert T. Longway Atherton E E I 69 9th St Dort E S I 475 Atherton I 75 D E I 69 Dort M15 D S I 75 Pierson Corunna D Fenton Pomona Grand Blanc D S I 75 Corunna Jct US 23 E Flint M15 Church D S I 75 I475 S. County Line D Flushing Ballenger 5th Ave D S US 23 Owen Jct I75 E Grand Blanc US 23 Fenton D S US 23 SCL Owen D Grand Blanc Fenton Grand Blanc City Limits E Saginaw Center Bella Vista E Grand Blanc Grand Blanc City Limits Saginaw D Saginaw 9th St Martin Luther King D Hill Saginaw Center E Shiawassee Owen Adelaide D Hill Center Genesee D Silver Lake SB US23 Ramps Leroy E Irish Davison Richfield E Silver Lake Leroy East D Irish Atherton Lapeer D State S County Line Lippincott D Lapeer Irish State E State Lippincott Harding E Lapeer State Oak D Thompson US23 Torrey D Leroy Shiawassee Silver Lake D Torrey North Thompson D Main East E County Line D Vienna Webster Mill D Miller Lennon Ballenger E W I 69 9th St Bristol D Miller Seymour I 69 EB ramps D W I 69 Dort 9th St E Morrish I69 Bristol D W I 69 M15 Dort D N I 475 Robert T. Longway Carpenter D

The map shown on the previous page and the chart above identify capacity related deficiencies in Genesee County. However, the number of projects included in the LRTP is constrained by the estimated amount of funding available for local capacity related projects out to 2040. Given this constraint, many lane miles of capacity related deficiencies were not addressed by the LRTP projects. Genesee County will continue to monitor capacity related issues through our annual Speed Study program that collects traffic flow data on select road corridors throughout the county. The LRTP has recommended land use policies for local units of government that will help to focus congestion by limiting the number of roads that have capacity issues. Road agencies will also continue to implement low cost capacity projects such as improving signal timing along corridors to help with capacity issues. 54 The Transit Technical Report is represented by two documents: Transit • The Mass Transportation Authority FY 2016 - FY 2020 Plan • The 2007 On-Board Transit Survey Summary Report

The Mass Transportation Authority (MTA) is a public authority established to own and operate a effective, efficient, safe and secure public transportation system for the citizens of Genesee County. Funding for MTA operations is generated from a combination of revenues from passenger fares, local transportation millages and state resources. Capital funds for buildings and equipment are provided by federal and state grants.

The MTA’s Fixed Route Services experienced ridership growth in all of their Fixed Routes between 2009 and 2013, a total growth of 9.4%. The Demand Response Service, which operates Your Ride vehicles, has seen a 28.5% decrease in ridership from 665,153 to 475,585. Between fiscal years 2009 and 2013, MTA saw an increase in ridership by 5.93% for the combined services.

5 Year % MTA Transit Performance FY 2009 FY 2013 Change

Primary Routes 4,515,827 4,858,166 7.58%

Peak Period Routes 461,281 640,380 38.83%

Fixed Route Regional Routes 176,965 189,990 7.36%

Paratransit 665,153 475,585 -28.5% (YourRide) Demand Response Total 5,819,226 6,164,121 5.93%

55 Transit

Transit Model - Fixed Route Trends

Using the transit component in the transportation model, staff looked at the fixed route trends for 2005 and predicted the trends for 2040. Transit model data between the years 2005 and 2040 visually show a decrease in total transit flow. Potential causes for this reduction may be anticipating a continued population loss in the City of Flint, where MTA’s fixed routes primarily run.

56 2007 On-Board Transit Survey Transit The 2007 On-Board Transit survey is a statistically significant survey of 775 MTA fixed route transit riders. The survey shows that the majority of the current riders travel a short distance to both the bus and to their destination (1 block or less), have a relatively low household income (less than $20,000), and live in multi person households with one or fewer cars. These demographics are representative of a good portion of the Flint population within a ¼ mile buffer of the fixed route system and help to explain the increased ridership that the MTA is experiencing.

MTA Organizational Challenges

Ridership growth is outpacing revenue growth and will probably continue to do so. MTA fares reflect a subsidy, so each additional passenger only pays a portion of the cost of the additional service consumed. The challenge facing MTA and transit in general is how to meet growing needs with no new revenues. There will be tension between increasing consumer demand for transit and funding that is static. MTA must strive for efficiency and economy in order to maintain its family of services.

57 MTA Initiatives Transit Intelligent Transportation Systems: The MTA is working to identify and adopt appropriate Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) solutions to improve the effectiveness, efficiency, safety and security of transit service in Genesee County.

Security and Emergency Preparedness: TheMTAisintheprocessofupdatingtheirSystem,Security, and Emergency Preparedness Plan (SSEPP) according to MAP-21 requirements, with the overall goal to maximize the level of security afforded to all passengers, employees, vehicles, and facilities.

Alternative Fuel Investment: The MTA continues to be a regional leader in alternative fuel investment. MTA recently completed construction of four propane fueling stations at its Grand Blanc service center, with plans to acquire additional hydrogen fuel cell busses in FY 2014. In addition, the MTA recently acquired 16 diesel-electric hybrid buses, and expects to receive two more in FY 2014.

Regional Transit Studies: The I-75 Corridor from the Michigan state line to Bay City is designated as a Corridor of Highest Significance in the Michigan Long Range Transportation Plan. The MTA is conducting a feasibility analysis to assess the potential for regional transit services along the I-75 corridor as a part of the solution to this growing capacity issue along the corridor. A similar study is planned for the I-69 corridor.

58 Transit

Transit Technical Report Recommendations

 Continue transit-oriented surveys to identify needs of the community.

 Continue to seek funding to address transit-related needs of the community.

 Work to increase safety and security for transit riders on and off the vehicle.

 Continue to develop Your Ride operations to address the increasing demand for service

 Continue to implement transit related Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) to make the transit system more effective, efficient, safe, and secure.

 Continue to invest in transit technologies that make the use of transit more energy efficient.

59 Intermodal Intermodal Freight System in Genesee County Freight

Being at the crossroads of I-75, I-69 and US-23, trucking continues to be the dominant mode of transportation for freight movements in Genesee County. However, commercial truck traffic on highways in the county decreased from 2007 to 2012. This is reflective of statewide trends, likely due to the economic recession that occurred during this period. The transportation model developed for the 2040 Genesee County Long Range Transportation Plan projects an increase in freight related truck trips between the 2005 base year and 2040.

There are several airports located in Genesee County, the largest of these being Bishop International Airport. Recent data shows a decrease in air cargo travelling through Bishop International Airport after 2008 due to the economic recession. However, air cargo traffic was increasing again as of early 2014.

Railroads are also an important part of the freight transportation network in Genesee County. As of 2014, the railroad companies operating in Genesee County included Canadian National Railway (CN), CSX Transportation, Huron and Eastern Railway (HESR), and Lake State Railway Company. According to MDOT, approximately 23 million tons of freight moved into, out of, or through the county by rail in 2011.

60 Intermodal Freight There has been great effort to take advantage of the location of Genesee County through investments in Bishop International Airport. In 2009, Bishop International Airport (FNT) completed a $33.7-million Intermodal Expansion Project designed to shift cargo between different modes of transportation. Bishop is partnering with the Flint & Genesee Regional Chamber of Commerce to foster increased job opportunities and economic diversification through the development of the intermodal hub. This is expected to increase the area’s global competitiveness and foreign trade zone designation. Intermodal hubs can help to distribute freight more efficiently on the air, roadway, and railway transportation networks. This is important as our roadways are reaching capacity while our air and railway facilities are operating under capacity.

Source: IHS Global Insight, Transearch

61 The Intermodal Freight Technical Report includes key findings from three freight-related studies that Intermodal were conducted in Genesee County: Freight

 The Intermodal Freight Study (2001) conducted a survey of area shippers to obtain information regarding origins, destinations and shipper characteristics. Findings related to the local auto industry and detailed survey results are included in the technical report.

 The Genesee County Freight Flow Report (2012) was completed by the Corradino Group and the Flint & Genesee Chamber of Commerce. This report evaluated the freight and logistics market in Genesee County, forecasting significant growth in overall freight flows to and from the region. Strengths and weaknesses of the region’s infrastructure were also identified.

 The Genesee County Freight and Connectivity Study (2011) looked at issues with connectivity between I-475 and US-23. A preferred alternative was developed, which included various local road improvements, widening of existing roads, and the construction of new highways to address connectivity issues. Full implementation of these improvements would mean shorter travel times for freight trucking, and the potential to attract new businesses that might increase freight traffic in Genesee County.

62 Intermodal Freight

Trucking

63 Intermodal Freight

Railroads

64 Intermodal Freight

Intermodal Freight Recommendations

 Continue to monitor railway incident data and improve safety at grade crossings.  Continue to monitor roadway and railway capacity. National data sources need to be updated to better monitor freight flows.  Conduct studies to monitor freight movement to, from, and through Genesee County on a regular basis.  Continue to invest in intermodal facilities in Genesee County. This will help to better distribute freight to various modes of transportation optimizing the capacity of the air, roadway and railway transportation networks. Intermodal facilities will also help to encourage economic development in Genesee County.  Continue to improve access to and around Bishop International Airport and other intermodal facilities through investment in roadways serving them.  Increase connectivity to freight networks through key transportation projects such as the Dort Highway Connector identified in the Freight and Connectivity Study.  Continue to develop the freight component of the transportation model. Airports 65 Financial Plan Fiscal Constraint Demonstration

The Genesee County 2040 Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP) lists road and transit projects that communities and agencies plan to implement through 2040. The list is required to be fiscally constrained; that is, the cost of projects programmed in the LRTP cannot exceed the amount of funding “reasonably expected to be available” during that time. The financial plan is the section of the LRTP that documents the method used to calculate funds reasonably expected to be available and compares this amount to proposed projects to demonstrate that the LRTP is fiscally constrained. As shown in the chart below the 2040 LRTP is fiscally constrained.

Amount Available Amount Programmed Net Balance Highway $ 4,109.46 $ 4,109.46 $ ‐ Transit $ 933.42 $ 933.42 $ ‐ Total$ 5,042.88 $ 5,042.88 $ ‐

66 Financial Plan

Spending Policy Goals

In an effort to optimize the federal transportation funds Genesee County receives, a category spending policy has been developed as shown in the table below. One policy sets goals for the overall 2040 LRTP and the other sets goals for funding that is more closely controlled by the Genesee County Metropolitan Alliance (Metro). However, it should be noted that the actual amount of funding allocated to these categories can rise and fall in any given year over the life of the plan due to large capital projects being implemented at the state or local level and varying levels of grants and discretionary funds awarded.

Overall 2040 LRTP 2040 LRTP Metro Spending Policy Spending Policy Congestion Relief 10% 15% Preservation 40% 71% Safety 5% 1% Transit 32% 6% Bridge Repair 7% 0% Non-Motorized 5% 6% Studies 1% 1%

67 Environmental We must be conscious of how transportation projects affect the environment Mitigation & that we live in. The Environmental Mitigation and Consultation Technical Report identifies endangered, threatened and candidate species according to federal and state lists and identifies areas where the potential exists for environmental impacts from LRTP projects. For this analysis a digital map layer identifying transportation projects is placed over a digital map layer of environmentally sensitive resources. If the project is near one of these areas the project is flagged Consultation as having a potential environmental impact. The charts below and on the following page identify the size of the buffer area in which a project might have an environmental impact and the number of projects that have been flagged as having potential environmental impacts.

Project Buffers by Type

Project Type Environmental Congestion Non- Resource Bridge Safety Pavement Study Capacity motorized Water Features 250’ ¼ mile ¼ mile 250’ ¼ mile ¼ mile Wetlands 250’ ¼ mile ¼ mile 250’ ¼ mile ¼ mile Floodplains 250’ ¼ mile ¼ mile 250’ ¼ mile ¼ mile Wellhead 250’ ¼ mile ¼ mile 250’ ¼ mile ¼ mile Protection Areas Woodlands 250’ ¼ mile ¼ mile 250’ ¼ mile ¼ mile Parks and 250’ 250’ 250’ 250’ 250’ 250’ Recreation Areas Historic Sites 250’ 250’ 250’ 250’ 250’ 250’ Cemeteries 250’ 250’ 250’ 250’ 250’ 250’ Heritage Route 250’ 250’ 250’ 250’ 250’ 250’ Historic Bridges 250’ 250’ 250’ 250’ 250’ 250’ Non-motorized 250’ 250’ 250’ 250’ 250’ 250’ Facilities 68 Environmental Number of Projects that Could Potentially Impact Resources Mitigation &

Project Type (Number of Planned (1) (1) Projects) (2) Areas Facilities Wetlands Resources Floodplains Woodlands Cemeteries Historic Sites Groundwater Historic Bridges Non-motorized Non-motorized

Heritage Route Heritage Consultation Water Resources Water Parks and Recreation Bridge (12 projects) 938 0 9 120 0 0 1 Congestion (Capacity) (19 projects) 19 17 15 6 19 2 2 4 1 0 6 Safety (9 projects) 763 1 9 200 0 0 0 Non- motorized (3 projects) 323 0 3 300 0 0 3 Pavement (23 projects) 20 21 19 4 23 5 2 2 1 1 5 Study (1 projects) 101 0 1 000 0 0 0 Transit (1 Project) 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 Maintenance (3 Projects) 1 1 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0

Potential Project Impacts (1) Water resources includes lakes, rivers and streams. (2) Groundwater resources includes wellhead protection areas. Project Buffers by Type

69 Environmental Environmental Mitigation Mitigation &

For the development of the plan staff consulted with 15 agencies that are responsible for environmental protection, historical preservation, natural resource management, transportation services, economic development, human services, and land use planning to obtain their input regarding the impacts of transportation improvements and how such impacts might be mitigated if they affect environmentally sensitive areas. Consultation

Environmental Consultation

A listing of LRTP projects was sent to a select group of 181 contacts from the Public Participation List that is maintained by the Genesee County Metropolitan Planning Commission to request consultation on the projects. The consultation list included a expanded list of contacts and agencies that are responsible for environmental protection, historical preservation, natural resource management, transportation services, economic development, human services, and land use planning. A meeting was held on September 29, 2014 for these agencies to meet with staff and discuss any concerns.

In addition to identification of potential issues through mapping, mitigation, and consultation, the report provides comprehensive resources that can be used during project design and implementation to help avoid or mitigate the environmental effects of transportation projects.

70 Environmental Justice GCMPC, through the Genesee County Metropolitan Alliance (Metro), as the MPO for Genesee County transportation planning, recognizes the diversity of Genesee County citizens and communities and their transportation needs. The Metro serves as the primary forum where MDOT, the Mass Transportation Authority (the area’s public transit provider), local agencies, and the general public develop Genesee County transportation plans and programs. GCMPC adheres to publicly approved guidelines of the Public Participation Plan through which all citizens, regardless of race, color, gender, age, physical ability, or national origin are guaranteed full opportunity to participate in programs, plans and processes, including transportation planning and the 2040 LRTP.

A critical part of identifying and addressing needs of minority populations and low-income populations is identifying patterns and geographic locations. In this manner, the planning process can ensure that benefits and burdens of LRTP transportation investments are fairly distributed. This is the basic concept of an Environmental Justice Analysis.

In order to address the three environmental justice principles in the LRTP, the following summary approach was taken by staff:

• Minority populations and low-income populations were identified.

• An extensive public outreach effort was conducted.

• Economic investments in the transportation system were analyzed to assess whether minority and/or low-income populations were adversely affected in the receipt of transportation system benefits. 71 Environmental Justice

Of the 198 LRTP projects, 72 were successfully mapped. Of those, 67 projects are located within an EJ Zone. Preservation, transit, non- motorized, preliminary engineering or safety related projects improve the overall well being of the community. Projects which are an expansion of the transportation system may have potential adverse impacts to the communities through displacement or relocation of individuals, economic hardship and/or lack of a sense of community. All 19 of the expansion projects are within environmental justice zones, but 18 of the 19 have only minor impacts and will result in no displacement of residents. One of these projects, the Dort Highway Extension Project, could result in displacement of residents and will be monitored to minimize the potential impacts. A notice was sent to all residents living along the proposed projects to notify them of the projects and public participation opportunities and to request their input.

72 Public Public Participation Process Public Outreach Events Participation

The Genesee County Metropolitan Alliance For the development of the 2040 plan we started and the staff of the Genesee County off Public Participation with a Kick off meeting, Metropolitan Planning Commission (GCMPC) followed by setting up informational booths at are committed to ensuring that citizen input will the Courtland Center Mall, Genesee Valley Mall, figure prominently throughout the planning and the MTA Downtown Transfer Center. These processes, from the initial problem public participation events were held early in identification, through workshops or public the process to gauge public opinion on the comment periods, to the public hearing, and transportation system in Genesee County prior to review of the draft plan. The Genesee County starting major work on the plan. A survey was Public Participation Plan is the guiding available at each of the events to help focus document which describes all of the public the discussion and to record the public input participation efforts and requirements of the received. Completed surveys were put into a GCMPC, including specific details regarding drawing for 1 of 5 $100 gas cards or 1 of 5 MTA the development of the Long Range monthly bus passes, and a total of 292 surveys Transportation Plan (LRTP). The update of the were collected. For each event we placed an 2040 Long Range Transportation Plan involved advertisement in the Flint Journal, sent a direct a variety of public outreach tools including mailing to our public participation mailing list, surveys, public service announcements, input and posted a notice on our website. Results of sessions, and direct mailings. the survey were used for the development of the plan and can be reviewed starting on page 13.

73 Public Public Outreach Events Participation

While staff addressed LRTP questions at our regular meetings, the next series of Public Participation efforts were related to project selection and plan review. Once projects were selected for the plan a series of three meetings were held in western, central, and eastern locations in the county. A notice was mailed to all individuals living along any one of the proposed projects and an ad was placed in the Flint Journal. The notice detailed the project, the proposed year, contact information, a website address, and an invitation to the meetings. Genesee County Planning Commission staff along with Genesee County Road Commission staff were available at the meetings to discuss the projects. Participants were asked to fill out and submit a comment sheet. Each written comment received a written response and was forwarded to the road agency responsible for the project.

The completed 2040 Long Range Transportation Plan was made available for public comment for a 30 day period from December 9, 2014 through January 7, 2015. A public hearing was held on January 7, 2015 to gather any comment on the plan before approval. A two week period was scheduled to give the opportunity to incorporate any comments received prior to approval. The plan was approved January 21, 2015.

74 MAP-21 Planning Factors &

Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (MAP-21) is the federal legislation that outlines the requirements for the transportation planning process including the development of the Long Range Transportation Plan (LRTP). MAP-21 requires that the LRTP have at least a twenty-year horizon and address 8 planning factors. To ensure that Performance Genesee County is addressing all 8 planning factors, a check list was Measures created, as outlined on the next page. Each of the factors is represented in at least one or more of the 2040 LRTP technical reports.

6875 MAP-21 Planning Factors &

Performance Measures

76 Technical Performance MeasureYear Trend MAP-21 Planning Report System-Wide "Deficient" Bridge 2008 2012 Factors & Bridge Condition 49% 47% Complete 2008 2012 County-Wide Crash Total (6 types) Streets 3,780 3,260 Level of Service (Congested Lane 2005 2011 Miles: Type E and F) 227 235 2008 2012 Vehicle Miles Travelled (Thousands) 4,386,305 3,997,631 Congestion Performance 2005 2011 Management & Daily Hours of Traffic Delay Measures 5,103 5,240 Projects On-Road Mobile Source Emissions 2005 2011 (Hydrocarbons) 16,108 10,240 On-Road Mobile Source Emissions 2005 2011 GCMPC staff has created a list of (Nitrogen Oxides) 28,036 16,360 performance measures identified Commercial Vehicle Miles Travelled 2008 2013 throughout the 2040 LRTP. This list will Intermodal (CVMT: long term) 141,997,001 130,235,284 serve as a starting point for staff to Freight Commercial Vehicle Miles Travelled 2011 2013 track the performance of Genesee (CVMT: short term) 124,335,473 130,235,284 County’s transportation system from 2008 2012 year to year. The table on the left Bicycle Involved Crash Injuries 50 50 displays the performance measure, 2008 2012 the years compared between, what Non-Motorized Pedestrian Involved Crash Injuries 104 102 technical report is associated with Population Reach (within a 1/4 mile 2006 2014 the performance measure, and what of Built Non-Motorized Trails) 100,732 166,144 type of trend is observed. The Federal-Aid Road Network "Poor 2009 2013 direction of the arrow signifies if the Pavement Condition" 38% 31% number or percentage is rising or 2008 2012 falling. The color represents if the Fatal and Incapacitating Injuries 168 138 trend is positive, negative, or neutral. Safety Fatal and Incapacitating Injuries 2008 2012 (per billion vehicle mile traveled) 38.3 34.5 2005 2010 Population Socioeconomic 449,150 425,790 Data 2005 2010 Employment (8 sectors) 211,662 183,326 2009 2013 Overall Transit Ridership Attainment 5,819,226 6,164,121 Transit Population Reach (within a 1/4 mile 2000 2010 of Primary Fixed Route services) 50% 47% 77 Goals, Transit Objectives and The following action steps will be taken to achieve the goal of improving transit services for Genesee County residents:

• Continue transit-oriented surveys to identify needs of the community. • Continue to seek funding to address transit-related needs of the community. • Work to increase safety and security for transit riders on and off the vehicle. • Continue to develop Your Ride operations to address the increasing demand for service Action Steps • Continue to implement transit related Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) to make the transit system more effective, efficient, safe, and secure. • Continue to invest in transit technologies that make the use of transit more energy efficient.

Financial Plan Many of the Genesee County •In an effort to optimize the federal transportation funds Genesee County receives, a 2040 LRTP Technical Reports category spending policy has been developed as shown in the table on page 67 of include goals and objectives, this report. One policy sets goals for the overall 2040 LRTP and the other sets goals for along with action steps to funding that is more closely controlled by the Genesee County Metropolitan Alliance achieve these goals. Page 4 of (Metro). this document shows the overall goals and actions for implementation of the entire LRTP. These are recurring goals Pavement that apply to all the topics The following action steps will be implemented to meet our goal of improving overall covered in the plan. The pavement conditions county-wide: following pages give a summary of goals, objectives and actions • Update the pavement management program regularly and continue annual data that are specific to a particular collection. technical report. • Adopt a preventive maintenance strategy and policy. • Consider rehabilitation alternatives that will “stretch” the maintenance dollar. • Direct staff to determine additional funding sources. • Redistribution of current funds and the creation of new funding sources. • Flexibility of use of funds.

78 Safety Goals, The following four goals with their suggested action steps have been established to increase safety of the Objectives and transportation network in Genesee County:

• Continued and increased funding for enforcement: Many of the accident types identified in the Genesee County Crash Trends chart such as alcohol, speeding, and red light running are primarily related to driver behavior. These type of crashes can be reduced though focused enforcement of existing laws helping to changing driver behavior. • Continued and increased funding for education: The same behavior related accident types that can Action Steps be reduced through enforcement can also be reduced through education. School, radio and television educational campaigns are effective tools to help modify driver behavior. • Engineering Improvements: Local Road Agencies should continue to evaluate high crash locations under their jurisdiction and prioritize improvements given available resources. Low cost improvements should be implemented where possible and prior to implementing more costly improvements. • Continue to Monitor Safety Data: All transportation agencies in Genesee County should continue to monitor safety related data and continue to improve on the methods to monitor and evaluate the data.

Non-Motorized The following six goals have been set for non-motorized facilities in Genesee County. Please see pages 9- 15 of the Regional Non-Motorized Plan for the objectives and measures of effectiveness associated with each of these goals.

• Connectivity: To facilitate the development of an interconnected regional trail system in Genesee County comprised of accessible sidewalk systems, bike lanes and non-motorized multi-use paths. • Alternative Transportation: To create safe, accessible, and convenient routes to schools and places of work in Genesee County that promote walking and biking as an alternative form of transportation and that integrate into other existing transportation systems. • Safety: To have the ability to safely travel to community destinations, transit, and recreational facilities without the use of a motor vehicle. • Recreational Opportunities: To increase access to recreational opportunities for people of all ages, ethnicities, and levels of mobility. • Implementation Resources: To provide local trail groups and municipalities with the resource knowledge needed to implement the regional trail plan. • Education: To build public support and awareness of trails in Genesee County. 79 Complete Streets Goals, The following are two goals and their corresponding objectives related to Complete Streets in Genesee Objectives and County. Specific action steps for each objective can be found on pages 5-6 of the Complete Streets Technical Report.

Complete the Streets in Genesee County: • Inventory the need for Complete Streets • Approve and follow the Complete Streets Policy for Genesee County • Evaluate and select projects that fit complete streets policy Action Steps • Implement road diets suggested in the Road Diet Study

Educate local officials and road agencies about Complete Streets: • Provide resources and education about Complete Streets • Advocate for Complete Streets for new road projects when possible

Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) The following action steps will be taken to ensure that the latest advances in ITS are being deployed in Genesee County:

• Revisit and revise the Genesee County architecture every five years to ensure its ongoing consistency with actual conditions. • Work with regional and statewide partners in the evaluation and endorsement of regional ITS standards, to ensure that the interoperability objectives of the architecture are carried through to the detailed technical design of project deployments. • Continued implementation of the two ITS plans that serve Genesee County.

Bridge The following action steps will be taken to reduce the percentage of structurally deficient and functionally obsolete bridges in Genesee County:

• Increase bridge funding through revision of existing funding mechanisms and the creation of new funding mechanisms. • Local control of funding available for bridges. • Implement routine preventative maintenance program. • Mix of Fixes on the system to optimize available funding including reconstruction, rehabilitation, routine and preventative maintenance. 80 Intermodal Freight Goals, The following are the recommended action steps to meet the goal of improving our intermodal facilities in Objectives and Genesee County:

• Continue to monitor railway incident data and improve safety at grade crossings. • Continue to monitor roadway and railway capacity. National data sources need to be updated to better monitor freight flows. • Conduct studies to monitor freight movement to, from, and through Genesee County on a regular basis. • Continue to invest in intermodal facilities in Genesee County. This will help to better distribute freight to Action Steps various modes of transportation optimizing the capacity of the air, roadway and railway transportation networks. Intermodal facilities will also help to encourage economic development in Genesee County. • Continue to improve access to and around Bishop International Airport and other intermodal facilities through investment in roadways serving them. • Increase connectivity to freight networks through key transportation projects such as the Dort Highway Connector identified in the Freight and Connectivity Study. • Continue to develop the freight component of the transportation model.

Land Use •The goal presented in the Land Use Technical Report is to move toward the Sustainable Growth Scenario. The recommended actions to achieve this scenario are listed on page 27 of this report.

Coordinated Plan • The goal of the Coordinated Plan is to address transportation needs and gaps in services in Genesee County. Coordinated Plan workshop participants reviewed the current list of strategies to address these gaps, and came up with revised lists of potential strategies. Each group considered their list of needs, and then identified the strategies that could be used to help the needs; refer to page 27 of the Coordinated Plan Technical Report for details.

• The Coordinated Plan laid out in detail how many transportation-related needs were still unmet in Genesee County. Much more funding is needed to be able to fill all these unmet needs. Staff will continue working with local transit and human service agencies, along with FHWA, MDOT and FTA, to facilitate the Coordinated Plan process. As projects are derived from the Genesee County Coordinated Public Transit-Human Services Transportation Plan, staff will participate in helping those projects move forward in order to meet our goals.

81 Environmental Justice Goals, Three main goals have been established to meet Environmental Justice Principles: Objectives and • To avoid, minimize, or mitigate disproportionately high and adverse human health and environmental effects, including social and economic effects, on minority populations and low-income populations. • To ensure the full and fair participation by all potentially affected communities. • To prevent the denial of, reduction in, or significant delay in the receipt of benefits by minority and low- income populations.

In order to address the three environmental justice principles in the LRTP, the following actions were taken by staff. A detailed description of the action steps taken are listed beginning on page 14 of the Action Steps Environmental Justice Technical Report. • Minority populations and low-income populations were identified. • An extensive public outreach effort was conducted. • Economic investments in the transportation system were analyzed to assess whether minority and/or low- income populations were adversely affected in the receipt of transportation system benefits. Congestion Management & Projects The goal presented in this technical report is to address congested areas and find the most suitable solutions. As a system-wide benchmark, the network will be managed to operate at a LOS “D” or better. A Congestion Management Process (CMP) has been developed for Genesee County to make sure congestion is adequately addressed. The action steps for the CMP are the following:

• System Identification – Entire Federal-Aid road network is analyzed • Develop Performance Measures – Level of Service (LOS) A through F is used to measure congestion • Monitor and Evaluate Performance – LOS grade assigned to all roadways in the system and Speed Study Program is implemented • Strategy Identification – CMP toolbox, Relevant toolbox strategies, Urban Travel Demand Model, Analyze Output, Select Best Strategy • CMP Checklist and Toolbox – Used to evaluate LRTP Project Applications • Strategy Selection – using the Urban Travel Demand Model • Policy, Planning, and Project Selection – Guidance to road agencies through education, alternative analysis, project planning, and recommendations to project selection committees • LRTP and TIP Documents – Use CMP to develop LRTP and TIP projects • Project Implementation – through the LRTP and TIP; changes to the system are updated in the CMP and the urban travel demand model • Performance Evaluation – regular review, analysis, and updates of the CMP and urban travel demand model 82

Genesee County Metropolitan Planning Commission 1101 Beach Street, Room 223 Flint, MI 48502-1470 (810) 257-3010 www.GCMPC.org