The Rise of the Megalopolis R.C
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Slum Clearance in Havana in an Age of Revolution, 1930-65
SLEEPING ON THE ASHES: SLUM CLEARANCE IN HAVANA IN AN AGE OF REVOLUTION, 1930-65 by Jesse Lewis Horst Bachelor of Arts, St. Olaf College, 2006 Master of Arts, University of Pittsburgh, 2012 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The Kenneth P. Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2016 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH DIETRICH SCHOOL OF ARTS & SCIENCES This dissertation was presented by Jesse Horst It was defended on July 28, 2016 and approved by Scott Morgenstern, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science Edward Muller, Professor, Department of History Lara Putnam, Professor and Chair, Department of History Co-Chair: George Reid Andrews, Distinguished Professor, Department of History Co-Chair: Alejandro de la Fuente, Robert Woods Bliss Professor of Latin American History and Economics, Department of History, Harvard University ii Copyright © by Jesse Horst 2016 iii SLEEPING ON THE ASHES: SLUM CLEARANCE IN HAVANA IN AN AGE OF REVOLUTION, 1930-65 Jesse Horst, M.A., PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2016 This dissertation examines the relationship between poor, informally housed communities and the state in Havana, Cuba, from 1930 to 1965, before and after the first socialist revolution in the Western Hemisphere. It challenges the notion of a “great divide” between Republic and Revolution by tracing contentious interactions between technocrats, politicians, and financial elites on one hand, and mobilized, mostly-Afro-descended tenants and shantytown residents on the other hand. The dynamics of housing inequality in Havana not only reflected existing socio- racial hierarchies but also produced and reconfigured them in ways that have not been systematically researched. -
Final Assessment Report
FINAL ASSESSMENT REPORT ASSESSMENT OF DEVELOPMENT ACCOUNT PROJECT 14/15 AK April 2018 Strengthening national capacities to design and implement rights-based policies and programmes that address care of dependent populations and women’s economic autonomy in urban development and planning FINAL ASSESSMENT REPORT ASSESSMENT OF DEVELOPMENT ACCOUNT PROJECT 14/15 AK Strengthening national capacities to design and implement rights-based policies and programmes that address care of dependent populations and women’s economic autonomy in urban development and planning April 2018 This report was prepared by Eva Otero, an external consultant, who led the evaluation and worked under the overall guidance of Raul García-Buchaca, Deputy Executive Secretary for Management and Programme Analysis of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC), and Sandra Manuelito, Chief of the Programme Planning and Evaluation Unit. The work was directly supervised by Irene Barquero, Programme Management Officer of the same unit, who provided strategic and technical guidance, coordination, and methodological and logistical support. The evaluation team is grateful for the support provided by its project partners at ECLAC, all of whom were represented in the Evaluation Reference Group. Warm thanks go to the programme managers and technical advisors of ECLAC for their cooperation throughout the evaluation process and their assistance in the review of the report. All comments on the evaluation report by the Evaluation Reference Group and the evaluation team of the Programme Planning and Evaluation Unit were considered by the evaluator and duly addressed, where appropriate, in the final text of the report. The views expressed in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Commission. -
Transportation Planning and Regional Equity: History, Policy and Practice
Research Report – UCD-ITS-RR-12-29 Transportation Planning and Regional Equity: History, Policy and Practice September 2012 Alex Karner Institute of Transportation Studies ◦ University of California, Davis One Shields Avenue ◦ Davis, California 95616 PHONE (530) 752-6548 ◦ FAX (530) 752-6572 www.its.ucdavis.edu Final Research Report D05-3 Transportation Planning and Regional Equity: History, Policy, and Practice Septtember 2012 Alex Karner Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California, Davis One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616 Page 1 of 2 DISCLAIMER The contents of this report reflect the views of the author, who is responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the information presented herein. This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation University Transportation Centers Program, in the interest of information exchange. The U.S. Government assumes no liability for the contents or use thereof. Page 2 of 2 Transportation Planning and Regional Equity: History, Policy, and Practice By ALEXANDER ANTHONY KARNER B.A.Sc. (University of Toronto) 2006 M.S. (University of California, Davis) 2008 DISSERTATION Submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in Civil and Environmental Engineering in the OFFICE OF GRADUATE STUDIES of the UNIVERSIY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS Approved: _______________________________ Deb Niemeier, Chair _______________________________ Patricia Mokhtarian _______________________________ Jonathan London Committee in Charge 2012 -i- Abstract This dissertation investigates regional transportation planning in California from 1967 through the contemporary era, identifying advocates for regional equity as important actors for achieving desired planning outcomes including climate change mitigation. It begins with the creation of the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans). -
Early 'Urban America'
CCAPA AICP Exam Presentation Planning History, Theory, and Other Stuff Donald J. Poland, PhD, AICP Senior VP & Managing Director, Urban Planning Goman+York Property Advisors, LLC www.gomanyork.com East Hartford, CT 06108 860-655-6897 [email protected] A Few Words of Advice • Repetitive study over key items is best. • Test yourself. • Know when to stop. • Learn how to think like the test writers (and APA). • Know the code of ethics. • Scout out the test location before hand. What is Planning? A Painless Intro to Planning Theory • Rational Method = comprehensive planning – Myerson and Banfield • Incremental (muddling through) = win little battles that hopefully add up to something – Charles Lindblom • Transactive = social development/constituency building • Advocacy = applying social justice – Sherry Arnstein’s Ladder of Public Participation – Paul Davidoff – advocacy planning American Planning before 1800 • European Traditions – New England, New Amsterdam, & the village tradition – Tidewater and the ‘Town Acts’ – The Carolinas/Georgia and the Renaissance Style – L’Enfant, Washington D.C., & Baroque Style (1791) • Planning was Architectural • Planning was plotting street layouts • There wasn’t much of it… The 1800’s and Planning Issues • The ‘frontier’ is more distant & less appealing • Massive immigration • Industrialization & Urbanization • Problems of the Industrial City – Poverty, pollution, overcrowding, disease, unrest • Planning comes to the rescue – NYC as epicenter – Central Park 1853 – 1857 (Olmsted & Vaux) – Tenement Laws Planning Prior to WWI • Public Awareness of the Problems – Jacob Riis • ‘How the Other Half Lives’ (1890) • Exposed the deplorable conditions of tenement house life in New York City – Upton Sinclair • ‘The Jungle’ (1905) – William Booth • The Salvation Army (1891) • Solutions – Zoning and the Public Health Movement – New Towns, Garden Cities, and Streetcar Suburbs – The City Beautiful and City Planning Public Health Movement • Cities as unhealthy places – ‘The Great Stink’, Cholera, Tuberculosis, Alcoholism…. -
Transit Planning Practice in the Age of Transit-Oriented Development by Ian Robinson Carlton a Dissertation Submitted in Partial
Transit Planning Practice in the Age of Transit-Oriented Development By Ian Robinson Carlton A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in City & Regional Planning in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Daniel Chatman, Chair Professor Robert Cervero Professor Dwight Jaffee Fall 2013 © Copyright by Ian Robinson Carlton 2013 All Rights Reserved Abstract Transit Planning Practice in the Age of Transit-Oriented Development by Ian Robinson Carlton Doctor of Philosophy in City & Regional Planning University of California, Berkeley Professor Daniel Chatman, Chair Globally, urban development near transit stations has long been understood to be critical to transit’s success primarily because it can contribute to ridership and improve the efficiency of transit investments. In the United States in particular, fixed-guideway transit’s land use-shaping capability has been an important justification and goal for transit investment. In fact, today’s U.S. federal funding policies increasingly focus on achieving transit-oriented real estate development near new transit infrastructure. However, the widespread implementation of transit and land use coordination practices has been considered an uphill battle. The academic literature suggests the most effective practice may be for U.S. transit planners to locate transit stations where pre-existing conditions are advantageous for real estate development or transit investments can generate the political will to dramatically alter local conditions to make them amenable to real estate development. However, prior to this study, no research had investigated the influence of real estate development considerations on U.S. -
Urbanistica N. 146 April-June 2011
Urbanistica n. 146 April-June 2011 Distribution by www.planum.net Index and english translation of the articles Paolo Avarello The plan is dead, long live the plan edited by Gianfranco Gorelli Urban regeneration: fundamental strategy of the new structural Plan of Prato Paolo Maria Vannucchi The ‘factory town’: a problematic reality Michela Brachi, Pamela Bracciotti, Massimo Fabbri The project (pre)view Riccardo Pecorario The path from structure Plan to urban design edited by Carla Ferrari A structural plan for a ‘City of the wine’: the Ps of the Municipality of Bomporto Projects and implementation Raffaella Radoccia Co-planning Pto in the Val Pescara Mariangela Virno Temporal policies in the Abruzzo Region Stefano Stabilini, Roberto Zedda Chronographic analysis of the Urban systems. The case of Pescara edited by Simone Ombuen The geographical digital information in the planning ‘knowledge frameworks’ Simone Ombuen The european implementation of the Inspire directive and the Plan4all project Flavio Camerata, Simone Ombuen, Interoperability and spatial planners: a proposal for a land use Franco Vico ‘data model’ Flavio Camerata, Simone Ombuen What is a land use data model? Giuseppe De Marco Interoperability and metadata catalogues Stefano Magaudda Relationships among regional planning laws, ‘knowledge fra- meworks’ and Territorial information systems in Italy Gaia Caramellino Towards a national Plan. Shaping cuban planning during the fifties Profiles and practices Rosario Pavia Waterfrontstory Carlos Smaniotto Costa, Monica Bocci Brasilia, the city of the future is 50 years old. The urban design and the challenges of the Brazilian national capital Michele Talia To research of one impossible balance Antonella Radicchi On the sonic image of the city Marco Barbieri Urban grapes. -
Trends of Urbanization and Suburbanization in Southeast Asia 1
1 Trends of Urbanization and Suburbanization in Southeast Asia 1 TRENDS OF URBANIZATION AND SUBURBANIZATION IN SOUTHEAST ASIA Edited by Tôn Nữ Quỳnh Trân Fanny Quertamp Claude de Miras Nguyễn Quang Vinh Lê Văn Năm Trương Hoàng Trương Ho Chi Minh City General Publishing House 2 Trends of Urbanization and Suburbanization in Southeast Asia 3 Trends of Urbanization and Suburbanization in Southeast Asia TRENDS OF URBANIZATION AND SUBURBANIZATION IN SOUTHEAST ASIA 4 Trends of Urbanization and Suburbanization in Southeast Asia Cooperation Centre for Urban Development, Hanoi (Institut des Métiers de la Ville (IMV)) was created in 2001 by the People’s Committee of Hanoi and the Ile- de-France Region (France) within their general cooperation agreement. It has for first vocation to improve the competences of the municipal staff in the field of urban planning and management of urban services. The concerned technical departments are the department or urban planning and architecture, the department of transport and civil engineering, the authority for public transports planning, the construction department… IMV organizes seminars to support decision-makers and technicians, finances studies, implements consultancies, contributes to knowledge dissemination by the translation of scientific and technical books, and maintain a library on urban planning. Ho Chi Minh City Urban Development Management Support Centre (Centre de Prospective et d’Etudes Urbaines (PADDI)) was created in 2004 in cooperation between the People’s Committee of Ho Chi Minh City and the Rhône-Alpes Region (France). Its office is located inside the Ho Chi Minh City Town Planning Institute. Competences of PADDI are training, consultancies and research. -
Planned Communities
Planned Communities ROBERT C. WEAVER, Administrator, Housing and Home Finance Agency •WRITING IN the New York Times, Columnist James Reston recently noted that, "In a fit of exuberance or absentmindedness we have increased the population of the United States by over 50 million since 1945." As we all know, the exuberance and absentmindedness of which Reston spoke is con tinuing, and at such a pace that by the time the children of the past 15 years are grand parents, there will be another 125 million or so Americans. Morever, at least 85 per cent of the 300 million people in the nation will be living in urban places by the year 2000. This growth is the most portentous single fact of our time-always excepting the thermonuclear threat. It means that in the next 40 years we will have to build as much housing, industry, highways and related development as we have built in our previous history. And it means, moreover, that the amount of land consumed by urbanization will be at least double the acreage now urbanized. This tremendous population surge will be accommodated largely in what we today consider the metropolitan fringe, and, in many cases, in undeveloped or argricultural lands even farther out. By 2000, Megalopolis will be a fact, certainly the fast-growing East Coast "super-city" stretching from Boston to Richmond and the West Coast area b etween San Francisco and San Diego will appear, in another 40 years, as continuous urbanized places. The previous 40 years of metropolitan growth has produced a phenomenon variously know as "Spread City," "urban sprawl" and "slurbs." In other words, much of our suburban development heretofore has been a mess. -
Urban Planning and Urban Design
5 Urban Planning and Urban Design Coordinating Lead Author Jeffrey Raven (New York) Lead Authors Brian Stone (Atlanta), Gerald Mills (Dublin), Joel Towers (New York), Lutz Katzschner (Kassel), Mattia Federico Leone (Naples), Pascaline Gaborit (Brussels), Matei Georgescu (Tempe), Maryam Hariri (New York) Contributing Authors James Lee (Shanghai/Boston), Jeffrey LeJava (White Plains), Ayyoob Sharifi (Tsukuba/Paveh), Cristina Visconti (Naples), Andrew Rudd (Nairobi/New York) This chapter should be cited as Raven, J., Stone, B., Mills, G., Towers, J., Katzschner, L., Leone, M., Gaborit, P., Georgescu, M., and Hariri, M. (2018). Urban planning and design. In Rosenzweig, C., W. Solecki, P. Romero-Lankao, S. Mehrotra, S. Dhakal, and S. Ali Ibrahim (eds.), Climate Change and Cities: Second Assessment Report of the Urban Climate Change Research Network. Cambridge University Press. New York. 139–172 139 ARC3.2 Climate Change and Cities Embedding Climate Change in Urban Key Messages Planning and Urban Design Urban planning and urban design have a critical role to play Integrated climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies in the global response to climate change. Actions that simul- should form a core element in urban planning and urban design, taneously reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and build taking into account local conditions. This is because decisions resilience to climate risks should be prioritized at all urban on urban form have long-term (>50 years) consequences and scales – metropolitan region, city, district/neighborhood, block, thus strongly affect a city’s capacity to reduce GHG emissions and building. This needs to be done in ways that are responsive and to respond to climate hazards over time. -
Integrating Infill Planning in California's General
Integrating Infill Planning in California’s General Plans: A Policy Roadmap Based on Best-Practice Communities September 2014 Center for Law, Energy & the Environment (CLEE)1 University of California Berkeley School of Law 1 This report was researched and authored by Christopher Williams, Research Fellow at the Center for Law, Energy and the Environment (CLEE) at the University of California, Berkeley School of Law. Ethan Elkind, Associate Director of Climate Change and Business Program at CLEE, served as project director. Additional contributions came from Terry Watt, AICP, of Terrell Watt Planning Consultant, and Chris Calfee, Senior Counsel; Seth Litchney, General Plan Guidelines Project Manager; and Holly Roberson, Land Use Council at the California Governor’s Office of Planning and Research (OPR), among other stakeholder reviewers. 1 Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 4 1 Land Use Element ................................................................................................................................. 5 1.1 Find and prioritize infill types most appropriate to your community .......................................... 5 1.2 Make an inclusive list of potential infill parcels, including brownfields ....................................... 9 1.3 Apply simplified mixed-use zoning designations in infill priority areas ...................................... 10 1.4 Influence design choices to -
The Relationship Between Land Cover and the Urban Heat Island in Northeastern Puerto Rico
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY Int. J. Climatol. 31: 1222–1239 (2011) Published online 19 April 2010 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com) DOI: 10.1002/joc.2145 The relationship between land cover and the urban heat island in northeastern Puerto Rico David J. Murphy,a* Myrna H. Hall,a Charles A. S. Hall,a Gordon M. Heisler,b† Stephen V. Stehmana and Carlos Anselmi-Molinac a 301 Illick Hall, SUNY – College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA b U.S. Forest Service, 5 Moon Library, SUNY-ESF, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA c Physics Building, Marine Science Department, University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez, Puerto Rico, 00681-9000 ABSTRACT: Throughout the tropics, population movements, urban growth, and industrialization are causing conditions that result in elevated temperatures within urban areas when compared with that in surrounding rural areas, a phenomenon known as the urban heat island (UHI). One such example is the city of San Juan, Puerto Rico. Our objective in this study was to quantify the UHI created by the San Juan Metropolitan Area over space and time using temperature data collected by mobile- and fixed-station measurements. We also used the fixed-station measurements to examine the relationship between average temperature at a given location and the density of remotely sensed vegetation located upwind. We then regressed temperatures against regional upwind land cover to predict future temperature with projected urbanization. Our data from the fixed stations show that the average nighttime UHI calculated between the urban reference and rural stations ° ° (TCBD – rural) was 2.15 C during the usually wet season and 1.78 C during the usually dry season. -
MEGALOPOLIS MEGALOPOLIS Megalopolis at Night
3/7/2013 MEGALOPOLIS • Term used to describe any large urban Regional Landscapes of the area created by the growth toward each United States and Canada other and eventual merging of two or MEGALOPOLIS more cities. • The French geographer Jean Gottman Prof. Anthony Grande adopted the term in 1961 for the title of his ©AFG 2013 book, “Megalopolis: The Urbanized Northeastern Seaboard of the United States.” Megalopolis Megalopolis at Night When used with a capital “M”, the term denotes the almost unbroken urban Megalopolis development that extends extends over 500 from north of Boston, MA miles from the to counties south of Wash- northern fringe of ington, DC (from Portsmouth, the Boston metro Boston NH approaching Richmond, VA). area (in NH) to Washington, DC New York City metro area. With a lower case “m” the Philadelphia term is applied to any string Some people have of adjoining very large it extending to Baltimore cities. Richmond, VA. Washington Richmond 4 LANDSCAPES of Megalopolis From the beginning: SETTLEMENT Includes large cities, small towns and rural areas where most of the A place where one people reside in an urban place. person or a group of people live. Settlements are differentiated on the basis of size = number of people present spacing = distance from each other function = reason for people grouping there 6 1 3/7/2013 HIERARCHY of SETTLEMENT HIERARCHY of SETTLEMENT The smallest settlements are greatest in number As the number of settlers (people) and located relatively close to each other. They increase from the single provide residents with basic necessities. dwelling (house ) to hamlet (group The larger settlements (cities) are more complicated, offer variety of goods and services of houses) to village to town to and are located at greater distances from each city, a hierarchy of form and other.