DOCSLIB.ORG

Chruschtschows Westpolitik 1955 Bis 1964 Band 1

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Chruschtschows Westpolitik 1955 Bis 1964 Band 1 Chruschtschows Westpolitik 1955 bis 1964 Band 1: Außenpolitik vor Ausbruch der Berlin-Krise Quellen und Darstellungen zur Zeitgeschichte Herausgegeben vom Institut für Zeitgeschichte Band 88/1 Chruschtschows Westpolitik 1955 bis 1964 Gespräche, Aufzeichnungen und Stellungnahmen Band 1: Außenpolitik vor Ausbruch der Berlin-Krise (Sommer 1955 bis Herbst 1958) Herausgegeben von Gerhard Wettig in Zusammenarbeit mit Horst Möller, Michail Prosumenschtschikow, Peter Ruggenthaler, Natalja Tomilina, Aleksandr Tschubarjan, Matthias Uhl und Hermann Wentker im Auftrag des Instituts für Zeitgeschichte München-Berlin und aufgrund einer Empfehlung der Gemeinsamen Kommission zur Erforschung der jüngeren Geschichte der deutsch-russischen Beziehungen Gefördert aus den Mitteln der Beauftragten der Bundesregierung für Kultur und Medien für die Gemeinsame Kommission zur Erforschung der jüngeren Geschichte der deutsch-russischen Beziehungen. ISBN 978-3-11-043756-0 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-042829-2 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-042838-4 ISSN 0481-3545 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen National- bibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.dnb.de ab- rufbar. © 2016 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston Titelbild: Nikita Sergejewitsch Chruschtschow im Elektrochemischen Kombinat Bitterfeld, 9. 7. 1958; Bundesarchiv, Bild 183-56685-0081 / Fotograf: Horst Sturm Einbandgestaltung: hauser lacour Druck und Bindung: Hubert & Co. GmbH & Co. KG, Göttingen ♾ Gedruckt auf säurefreiem Papier Printed in Germany Inhalt Vorwort . IX Einleitung . 1 Chronologie . 5 Dokumente . 29 1 . Ausführungen Chruschtschows auf der Sitzung der Regierungs- delegationen von UdSSR und DDR am 19 . September 1955 . 29 2 . Gespräch Chruschtschows mit dem Vorsitzenden der Sozialistischen Partei Italiens, Pietro Nenni, am 15 . Oktober 1955 . 35 3 . Stellungnahme Chruschtschows bei Eröffnung der Tagung der kommunistischen und Arbeiterparteien der sozialistischen Länder am 6 . Januar 1956 . 43 4 . Gespräch mit dem Führungsmitglied der britischen Labour Party Harold Wilson am 12 . Januar 1956 . 59 5 . Gespräch mit dem amerikanischen Juristen Marshall McDuffie am 25 . Januar 1956 . 64 6 . Rede Chruschtschows auf der Beratung mit den Vertretern der ausländischen kommunistischen und Arbeiterparteien am 27 . Februar 1956 in Moskau . 81 7 . Gespräch mit der Delegation der sozialistischen Partei Frankreichs am 4 . Mai 1956 . 88 8 . Verhandlungen Bulganins, Chruschtschows und Molotows mit Guy Mollet und Christian Pineau am 16 . Mai 1956 . 100 9 . Verhandlungen Bulganins, Chruschtschows und Molotows mit Guy Mollet und Christian Pineau am 17 . Mai 1956 vormittags . 119 10 . Verhandlungen Bulganins, Chruschtschows und Molotows mit Guy Mollet und Christian Pineau am 17 . Mai 1956 nachmittags . 138 11 . Gespräch Bulganins, Chruschtschows und Molotows mit Guy Mollet und Christian Pineau in der französischen Botschaft am 18 . Mai 1956 . 145 VI Inhalt 12 . Information über die Verhandlungen zwischen den Regierungs- delegationen der UdSSR und Frankreichs in Moskau vom 16 . bis 19 . Mai 1956 . 152 13 . Gespräch N . A . Bulganins, N . S . Chruschtschows und W . M . Molo- tows mit dem französischen Außenminister Christian Pineau am 24 . Mai 1956 . 160 14 . Gespräch Chruschtschows und Bulganins mit einer Delegation des dänischen Folketings am 31 . Mai 1956 . 164 15 . Gespräch Chruschtschows mit dem britischen Labour Politiker Tom Driberg am 30 . August 1956 . 173 16 . Gespräch Chruschtschows mit dem Mitglied der britischen Labour Party Konni Zilliacus am 18 . Oktober 1956 . 185 17 . Gespräch N . A . Bulganins und N . S . Chruschtschows mit den Delegationen der Anhänger des Friedens der Deutschen Demo- kratischen Republik und der Bundesrepublik Deutschlands am 19 . November 1956 . 212 18 . Gespräch von Nikita Chruschtschow, Michail Suslow und Boris Ponomarjow mit den Vertretern der Italienischen Kommunistischen Partei Luigi Longo und Velio Spano am 22 . Januar 1957 . 237 19 . Gespräch Chruschtschows mit der Regierungsdelegation der Volksrepublik Bulgarien am 16 . Februar 1957 . 250 20 . Gespräch Chruschtschows mit einer Delegation französischer Radikalsozialisten unter Leitung des stellvertretenden Partei- vorsitzenden und Fraktionsvorsitzenden, Edouard Daladier, am 9 . September 1957 . 257 21 . Gespräch Chruschtschow mit den Labour-Abgeordneten im britischen Unterhaus Aneurin Bevan und Jennie Lee am 17 . September 1957 . 268 22 . Gespräch Chruschtschows mit dem britischen Physiker John Bernal am 11 . November 1957 . 280 23 . Chruschtschows Rede zur Eröffnung der Beratung der Vertreter der kommunistischen und Arbeiterparteien der sozialistischen Länder in Moskau am 14 . November 1957 . 288 24 . Gespräch Chruschtschows mit Geschäftsleuten aus Kanada am 14 . Mai 1958 . 291 25 . Rede Chruschtschows auf der Beratung der Vertreter der kommunistischen und Arbeiterparteien der sozialistischen Länder in Moskau am 21 . Mai 1958 . 308 Inhalt VII 26 . Bemerkungen von Gen . N . S . Chruschtschow vom 21 . Mai 1958 zum Entwurf einer Rede . 317 27 . Gespräch Chruschtschows mit dem Politiker der britischen Labour Party Konni Zilliacus am 4 . September 1958 . 323 Abkürzungsverzeichnis . 341 Dokumenten- und Literaturverzeichnis . 343 Personenregister . 361 Vorwort Die vierbändige Dokumentation „ChruschtschowsWestpolitik 1955 bis 1964“, deren erster Band hiermit nach den bereits erschienenen Bänden 3 und 2 vorge- legt wird, geht auf eine Anregung aus dem Russischen Staatsarchiv für Zeitge- schichte (Rossjiskij gosudarstvennyj archiv novejšej istorii, RGANI) zurück . Natalja Tomilina und ihr Stellvertreter, Michail Prosumenschtschikow, haben sich nach der Deklassifizierung wichtiger Unterlagen zur auswärtigen Politik der UdSSR in der Chruschtschow-Zeit an die Gemeinsame Kommission für die Er- forschung der jüngeren Geschichte der deutsch-russischen Beziehungen mit der Überlegung gewandt, dass die Publikation einschlägiger Dokumente geeignet wäre, die internationalen Forschung über diesen wichtigen Zeitabschnitt des Kal- ten Krieges zu stimulieren . Die Anregung wurde von den Ko-Vorsitzenden der Kommission, Horst Möller und Aleksandr Tschubarjan, aufgegriffen und fand die Unterstützung auch der anderen Mitglieder . Das Projekt wurde daher sofort in die Planung aufgenommen, und ich wurde mit der Durchführung beauftragt . Das Deutsche Sekretariat der Kommission, das bis Januar 2014 beim Bundesmi- nisterium des Innern ressortierte und danach an die Beauftragte der Bundesregie- rung für Kultur und Medien übergegangen ist, hat aus dem für die Kommission bestimmten Etat die notwendigen Sachmittel zur Verfügung gestellt . Der Leiter des Sekretariat bis Herbst 2013, Eberhard Kuhrt, hat mir bei damit verbundenen Fragen stets mit Rat und Tat zur Seite gestanden . Die Dokumentation wird unter der Ägide des Instituts für Zeitgeschichte München-Berlin (IfZ) erstellt, dessen Direktor – zunächst Horst Möller und spä- ter Andreas Wirsching – die Veröffentlichung in das Institutsprogramm aufge- nommen sowie die Beantragung und Verwaltung der erforderlichen Mittel durch das IfZ veranlasst haben . Die finanzielle Betreuung des Projekts lag in den Hän- den von Ingrid Morgen bzw . ihrer Nachfolgerin Christine Ginzkey und, was die praktischen Fragen betrifft, vor allem von Hildegard Maisinger, die jedesmal zu rascher Hilfe bereit war, wenn dabei Unklarheiten und Schwierigkeiten auftraten . Der Leiter der Berliner Abteilung des IfZ, Hermann Wentker, und seine Mitar- beiterinnen Hannelore Georgi (bis Mitte 2013), ihre Nachfolgerin Ute Eichhorn sowie Manuela Starosta und Gabriele Tschacher haben mir während vieler Gast- aufenthalte bei meinen Recherchen in vieler Weise geholfen . Die Übersetzungen der russischen Dokumente wurden von Julija Schellander und Lothar Kölm an- gefertigt . Lev Milstein hat den gesamten Text abschließend durchgesehen und ver- schiedene Hinweise dazu gegeben . Vor allem aber beruht der Band auf der uner- müdlichen, zuverlässigen und fachkundigen Mitwirkung von Anna Kim (die bis zu ihrer Heirat im September 2014 Becker hieß) in Berlin, die mich im Hunsrück durch Lieferung notwendiger Unterlagen und Informationen sowie ihre tat- kräftige Beteiligung an den editorischen Arbeiten unterstützt hat . Im IfZ haben X Vorwort Magnus Brechtken und seine Sekretärin Petra Bamberg die Publikation vorberei- tet . Aufseiten des Oldenbourg Verlags, der seit Anfang 2013 mit DeGruyter ver- bunden ist, war Gabriele Jaroschka mit der Veröffentlichung des Buches befasst . Allen Genannten sei an dieser Stelle herzlich für ihren Beitrag zum Erscheinen des Bandes gedankt . Kommen, im Januar 2015 Gerhard Wettig Einleitung Die Dokumentation Chruschtschows Westpolitik, deren erster Band hier vorge- legt wird, geht auf die Initiative der Leiter des Russischen Staatsarchivs für Zeit- geschichte (Rossijskij gosudarstvennyj archiv novejšej istorii, RGANI), Natalja Tomilina und Michail Prosumenschtschikow, zurück. Die Ko-Vorsitzenden der Gemeinsamen Kommission zur Erforschung der jüngeren Geschichte der deutsch- russischen Beziehungen, Horst Möller und Aleksandr Tschubarjan, haben den Vorschlag aufgegriffen und Gerhard Wettig mit der Durchführung beauftragt. Die darin enthaltenen Archivalien, vor allem Protokolle von Gesprächen Chru- schtschows, stammen aus den Jahren 1955 bis 1964, als der Kremlchef
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Attlee Governments
    Vic07 10/15/03 2:11 PM Page 159 Chapter 7 The Attlee governments The election of a majority Labour government in 1945 generated great excitement on the left. Hugh Dalton described how ‘That first sensa- tion, tingling and triumphant, was of a new society to be built. There was exhilaration among us, joy and hope, determination and confi- dence. We felt exalted, dedication, walking on air, walking with destiny.’1 Dalton followed this by aiding Herbert Morrison in an attempt to replace Attlee as leader of the PLP.2 This was foiled by the bulky protection of Bevin, outraged at their plotting and disloyalty. Bevin apparently hated Morrison, and thought of him as ‘a scheming little bastard’.3 Certainly he thought Morrison’s conduct in the past had been ‘devious and unreliable’.4 It was to be particularly irksome for Bevin that it was Morrison who eventually replaced him as Foreign Secretary in 1951. The Attlee government not only generated great excitement on the left at the time, but since has also attracted more attention from academics than any other period of Labour history. Foreign policy is a case in point. The foreign policy of the Attlee government is attractive to study because it spans so many politically and historically significant issues. To start with, this period was unique in that it was the first time that there was a majority Labour government in British political history, with a clear mandate and programme of reform. Whereas the two minority Labour governments of the inter-war period had had to rely on support from the Liberals to pass legislation, this time Labour had power as well as office.
    [Show full text]
  • Orme) Wilberforce (Albert) Raymond Blackburn (Alexander Bell
    Copyrights sought (Albert) Basil (Orme) Wilberforce (Albert) Raymond Blackburn (Alexander Bell) Filson Young (Alexander) Forbes Hendry (Alexander) Frederick Whyte (Alfred Hubert) Roy Fedden (Alfred) Alistair Cooke (Alfred) Guy Garrod (Alfred) James Hawkey (Archibald) Berkeley Milne (Archibald) David Stirling (Archibald) Havergal Downes-Shaw (Arthur) Berriedale Keith (Arthur) Beverley Baxter (Arthur) Cecil Tyrrell Beck (Arthur) Clive Morrison-Bell (Arthur) Hugh (Elsdale) Molson (Arthur) Mervyn Stockwood (Arthur) Paul Boissier, Harrow Heraldry Committee & Harrow School (Arthur) Trevor Dawson (Arwyn) Lynn Ungoed-Thomas (Basil Arthur) John Peto (Basil) Kingsley Martin (Basil) Kingsley Martin (Basil) Kingsley Martin & New Statesman (Borlasse Elward) Wyndham Childs (Cecil Frederick) Nevil Macready (Cecil George) Graham Hayman (Charles Edward) Howard Vincent (Charles Henry) Collins Baker (Charles) Alexander Harris (Charles) Cyril Clarke (Charles) Edgar Wood (Charles) Edward Troup (Charles) Frederick (Howard) Gough (Charles) Michael Duff (Charles) Philip Fothergill (Charles) Philip Fothergill, Liberal National Organisation, N-E Warwickshire Liberal Association & Rt Hon Charles Albert McCurdy (Charles) Vernon (Oldfield) Bartlett (Charles) Vernon (Oldfield) Bartlett & World Review of Reviews (Claude) Nigel (Byam) Davies (Claude) Nigel (Byam) Davies (Colin) Mark Patrick (Crwfurd) Wilfrid Griffin Eady (Cyril) Berkeley Ormerod (Cyril) Desmond Keeling (Cyril) George Toogood (Cyril) Kenneth Bird (David) Euan Wallace (Davies) Evan Bedford (Denis Duncan)
    [Show full text]
  • VIEWS of COMMUNISM and BRITISH FOREIGN POLICY, 1916-1950 Presented By
    109 731 III 3 I fill \IIIIEIII‘ "T, fif‘r This is to certify that the thesis entitled THOSE BLOODY REDS: ERNEST BEVIN'S PUBLIC VIEWS OF COMMUNISM AND BRITISH FOREIGN POLICY, 1916-1950 presented by Shelley_Grange has been accepted towards fulfillment of the requirements for M.A. degree in History MMWL Major professor Date October 5, I983 0-7639 MS U is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Institution BEIURNING MATERIALS: MSU Place in book drop to LIBRARIES remove this checkout from —:—- your record. FINES will be charged if book is returned after the date stamped below. THOSE BLOODY REDS: ERNEST BEVIN'S PUBLIC VIEWS OF COMMUNISM AND BRITISH FOREIGN POLICY 1945—1950 By Shelley Grange A Thesis Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Department of History 1983 ABSTRACT THOSE BLOODY REDS: ERNEST BEVIN'S PUBLIC VIEWS OF COMMUNISM AND BRITISH FOREIGN POLICY 1945-1950 By Shelley Grange Ernest Bevin served as Britain's foreign secretary from 1945 to 1951, years marked by international tension commonly labelled the "Cold War." This thesis examines Bevin's public views of Communism and how those views were reflected in Britain's Cold War foreign policy. Secondary sources were studied on Bevin's life prior to 1945 and on British Labour, its foreign policy traditions and historical relationship with British and international Communism. The thesis drew primarily from daily issues of the London Times and Daily Herald, House of Commons Debates and Labour Party Conference Reports —— almost all from July 1945 to July 1950.
    [Show full text]
  • Anti-Fascism and Democracy in the 1930S
    02_EHQ 32/1 articles 20/11/01 10:48 am Page 39 Tom Buchanan Anti-fascism and Democracy in the 1930s In November 1936 Konni Zilliacus wrote to John Strachey, a leading British left-wing intellectual and a prime mover in the recently founded Left Book Club, inviting him to ponder ‘the problem of class-war strategy and tactics in a democracy’. Zilliacus, a press officer with the League of Nations and subse- quently a Labour Party MP, was particularly worried about the failure of the Communist Party and the Comintern to offer a clear justification for their decision to support the Popular Front and collective security. ‘There is no doubt’, Zilliacus wrote, ‘that those who are on the side of unity are woefully short of a convincing come-back when the Right-Wing put up the story about Com- munist support of democracy etc. being merely tactical camou- flage.’1 Zilliacus’s comment raises very clearly the issue that lies at the heart of this article. For it is well known that the rise of fascism in the 1930s appeared to produce a striking affirmation of sup- port for democracy, most notably in the 1936 election victories of the Spanish and French Popular Fronts. Here, and elsewhere, anti-fascism was able to unite broad political coalitions rang- ing from liberals and conservatives to socialists, communists and anarchists. But were these coalitions united more by a fear of fascism than by a love of democracy — were they, in effect, marriages of convenience? Historians have long disagreed on this issue. Some have emphasized the prior loyalty of Communist supporters of the Popular Front to the Stalinist regime in the USSR, and have explained their new-found faith in democracy as, indeed, a mere ‘tactical camouflage’ (a view given retrospec- tive weight by the 1939 Nazi–Soviet Pact).
    [Show full text]
  • Against the Cold War
    Against the Cold War Against the Cold War The History and Political Traditions of Pro-Sovietism in the British Labour Party 1945-89 Darren G Lilleker I.B. Tauris Publishers LONDON • NEW YORK Published in 2004 by Tauris Academic Studies. an imprint of I.B. Tauris & Co Ltd 6 Salem Road, London W2 4BU 175 Fifth Avenue, New York NY 10010 www..ibtauris.com In the United States of America and in Canada distributed by St Martins Press, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York NY 10010 Copyright © Darren G Lilleker, 2004 The right of Darren Lilleker to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by the author in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or any part thereof, may not be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior writ- ten permission of the publisher. International Library of Political Studies 11 ISBN 1 85043 471 9 EAN 978 1 85043 471 9 A full CIP record for this book is available from the British Library A full CIP record for this book is available from the Library of Congress Library of Congress catalog card: available Printed and bound in Great Britain by MPG Books Ltd, Bodmin from camera-ready copy edited and supplied by the author Contents Acknowledgements vi Introduction 1 1. Building a Pro-Soviet Fifth Column 19 2. From Emancipatory Revolution to Grand Alliance 42 3.
    [Show full text]
  • The Sons Supported the Soviet Union
    The Sons supported the Soviet Union Hjalmar Branting's son Georg also became Social Democratic politician and for a period of time also member of the party board. His popularity fell within the party when he didn´t follow the decision not to intervene in the spanish civil war, and to a lowpoint during the cold war when he had open talks with the soviet embassy people and he was considered a fellow-traveller. Konni Zilliacus son was also looked upon as a fellow-traveller when he was a very active politician in Britain in Labour's Soviet-friendly left-wing, so controversial that he was ruled out twice but pardoned both times. Hjalmar and Georg with the manuscipt of Jaures The political history of the sons goes back to World War I and the formation of the Soviet Union. It is open to interpretation how much inspiration or opposition lust they received through their respective fathers. Hjalmar and Georg Branting together translated texts of french socialist Jean Jauré's,, who was murdered in 1914. George had an education as a lawyer and cooperated with the "red banker" Olof Aschberg. From 1912, the party and trade unions had a collaboration with Olof Aschberg in the "New Bank", which served labour organizations. There was not much money in it and Aschberg involved himself in a variety of other business. There was a lot of criticism of how some leading social democrats became involved in the bank's business at the 1920 party congress. But Hjalmar Branting defended Aschberg, he was about to help open up trade with the Soviet Union after the civil war and the trade blockade from the Entente.
    [Show full text]
  • Hugh Gaitskell, the Labour Party and Foreign Affairs 1955-63
    HUGH GAITSKELL, THE LABOUR PARTY AND FOREIGN AFFAIRS 1955-63 by SIMON RIPPINGALE A thesis submitted to the University of Plymouth in partial fulfilment for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of Humanities & Cultural Interpretation Faculty of Arts & Education July 1996 Univer0: .)-· ~ u th Li ~;·:. .~ - Item No Cf OOliQ202-) - --1 ~~-~k"l+2. · 6gs RJP Simon Rippingale Hugh Gaitskell. the Labour Party and Foreign Affairs 1955-63 Abstract Hugh Gaitskell was leader of the Labour Party between 1955-63. The Cold War was at a critical level and bi-partisanship in international affairs was expected. With Gaitskell's accession this appeared to end, marked in particular by the disputes over Suez, the independent nuclear deterrent and Britain's 11rr lication to join the European Economic Community. Simultaneously, he was challenged by the Left over nearly every aspect of Labour's foreign and defence policy. Despite these major controversies, Gaitskell's influence over international affairs remains a neglected area of research, and he is remembered more for the domestic controversies over nationalisation, his ill-fated attempt to revise Clause Nand defeat at the 1960 Scarborough conference. This thesis addresses that imbalance by examining Gaitskell's contribution to foreign affairs and the following inter-related areas: bi-partisanship; policy formulation; internal divisions and the power struggle between Left and Right. In addition, it also considers how the structure of the Labour Party benefited the leadership during this turbulent period. The conclusions revise Gaitskell's reputation as a figure of unyielding principle, and demonstrates that his leadership was marked by a mixture of finesse and blunder.
    [Show full text]
  • EP Thompson, La Conciencia Crítica De La Guerra Fría. Democracia
    UNIVERSIDAD DE GRANADA DEPARTAMENTO DE HISTORIA CONTEMPORÁNEA E. P. Thompson, la conciencia crítica de la Guerra Fría. Democracia, pacifismo y diplomacia ciudadana. AUTOR: José Ángel Ruiz Jiménez. DIRECTOR: Dr. Mario López Martínez. Enero 2005 1 AGRADECIMIENTOS. Quisiera expresar mi sincera gratitud a Michael Randle (University of Bradford), Johan Galtung (TRANSCEND), Lynne Jones (Cambridge University), Kate Soper (North London University), Alan Gilbert (University of Denver), Robert Bideleux y David Eastwood (University of Wales Swansea), Lyonell Trippett (London CND), Gabriel Jackson (historiador jubilado de la docencia afincado en Barcelona), Dorothy Thompson, Mary Kaldor (Helsinki Citizen´s Assembly), Rafael Grasa (Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona), Vicent Martínez Guzmán (Universidad de Castellón), y Todd Landman, Kevin Boyle y Kenneth Newton (University of Essex) por concederme entrevistas e incluso, en ocasiones, dedicarme su tiempo en posteriores tertulias que me fueron tan agradables como instructivas. Su ayuda resultó fundamental para esclarecer muchos de los aspectos más complicados de la investigación. También quisiera agradecer a Joanna Pietraszczyk (Universidad de Lodz), sus desinteresados esfuerzos por facilitarme información y materiales muy valiososos sobre el impacto del pacifismo en el Este de Europa durante la Guerra Fría. Debo mencionar especialmente a Mario López, que ha mostrado gran paciencia, interés y simpatía hacia mi trabajo a lo largo de estos años, prestando un apoyo contínuo durante su redacción y realizando
    [Show full text]
  • Experts of the World Economy: European Stabilization and the Reshaping of International Order, 1916-51
    Experts of the World Economy: European Stabilization and the Reshaping of International Order, 1916-51 The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Martin, James R. 2016. Experts of the World Economy: European Stabilization and the Reshaping of International Order, 1916-51. Doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, Graduate School of Arts & Sciences. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33840741 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Experts of the World Economy: European Stabilization and the Reshaping of International Order, 1916- 51 A dissertation presented by James Robert Martin To The Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the subject of History Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts September 2016 © 2016 James Robert Martin All rights reserved. ! Dissertation Adviser: David R. Armitage James Robert Martin Experts of the World Economy: European Stabilization and the Reshaping of International Order, 1916-51 ABSTRACT This dissertation traces the origins of the earliest international schemes to manage the world economy between the middle of the First World War and the conclusion of the Second. It follows the emergence of a transnational network of economic experts, affiliated with the League of Nations and the International Labour Organization, who attempted to create a new form of international administration in response to the challenges of stabilizing Europe after the First World War.
    [Show full text]
  • Ernest Bevin and the Cold War 1945-1950
    ERNEST BEVIN AND THE COLD WAR 1945-1950 John Saville The social legislation of the Labour governments after 1945-the creation of the welfare state as it is commonly thought of-has become an import- ant mythology for the working-class political movement in Britain. The exaggerated claims made at the time by many of Labour's intellectuals- that Britain by 1950 had entered upon a post-capitalist phase of dwelop- mentl -have, of course, long been discarded but the general consciousness among a majority of the politically committed that the years after the end of the Second World War somehow represented a qualitative breakthrough are still widely current. In 1983 a marxist could write-in an article devoted to a much too uncritical account of Maynard Keynes: Keynes died in 1946, while the postwar Labour government was just beginning its work: the programme of reforms which were to provide an agreed framework for government for the next 25 years and which can be seen as inaugurating the 'Keynesian era'. The successes of that government-in institutional change, in what seemed decisive and irreversible social advance, in economic management- became a model for socialist practice.2 Most of these statements are untrue or, incorrect in their implications. It is certainly correct that the social legislation introduced after 1945 was in advance, considerably in advance in most cases, of practice in capitalist democracies elsewhere but within two decades the levels of social pro- vision in France, Germany and the Scandinavian countries were already higher than in Britain; and what is now widely appreciated is that the Attlee governments made remarkably little change to the institutional structure of Britain.
    [Show full text]
  • Reminiscences of the Nehru Age
    REMINISCENCES OF THE NEHRU AGE M. O. Mathai Reproduced by Sani H. Panhwar (2021) To Priya, two, and Kavitha, five— two lively neighbourhood children who played with me, often dodging their parents, during the period of writing this book Contents Preface .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1 1 Nehru and I .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3 2 Attack on me by the Communists .. .. .. .. .. .. 15 3 Personal Embarrassment of a Rebel .. .. .. .. .. .. 18 4 Obscurantists to the Fore .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 20 5 Mahatma Gandhi .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 23 6 Lord Mountbatten and "Freedom at Midnight" .. .. .. .. .. 35 7 Earl Mountbatten of Burma .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 41 8 Churchill, Nehru and India .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 45 9 Nehru's Meeting with Bernard Shaw .. .. .. .. .. .. 51 10 C. Rajagopalachari .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 56 11 The Position of the President of India .. .. .. .. .. 58 12 Rajendra Prasad and Radhakrishnan .. .. .. .. .. 60 13 The Prime Minister and His Secretariat .. .. .. .. .. 65 14 The Prime Minister's House .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 70 15 Use ofAirForceAircraft bythe PM .. .. .. .. .. .. 73 16 Rafi Ahmed Kidwai .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 76 17 Feroze Gandhi .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 80 18 The National Herald and Allied Papers .. .. .. .. .. 83 19 Nehru and the Press .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 86 20 Nehru's Sensitivity to his Surroundings .. .. .. .. .. 90 21 Nehru's Attitude to Money .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 95 22 G. D. Birla .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 100 23 Nehru and Alcoholic Drinks .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 104 24 Sarojini Naidu .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .
    [Show full text]
  • British Political Pseudonyms
    BRITISH POLITICAL PSEUDONYMS Suggested additions and corrections always welcome 20th CENTURY Adler, Ruth Ray Waterman Ajax Montagu Slater [in Left Review, which he helped create & edited in 1934] Ajax Junior Guy A Aldred (in the Agnostic Journal). Allen, C Chimen Abramsky [CP National Jewish Committee] Allen, Peter Salme Dutt [née Murrik aka Pekkala; married to Rajani Palme Dutt] Anderson, Irene Constance Haverson [George Lansbury's granddaughter, Comintern courier] Andrews, R F Andrew Rothstein [CPGB] Arkwright, John Randall Swingler [CP writer] Ashton, Teddy Charles Allen Clarke. 1863-1935. [Lancashire dialect novelist and socialist] Atticus William MacCall [pioneer anarchist, reviewer for The National Reformer] Aurelius, Marcus Walter Padley [author of Am I My Brother’s Keeper? Gollancz 1945; Labour MP and President of USDAW] Avis Alfred Sherman (before he became a close advisor to Margaret Thatcher, he had been in the CP in the 1940s, and used this name to write on Jewish issues) Barclay, P J John Archer (Trotskyist civil servant) Baron, Alexander Alec Bernstein [novelist] Barrett, George George Ballard [anarchist] Barrister, A Mavis Hill [Justice in England, LBC, 1938] Thurso, Berwick Morris Blythman [Scottish radical poet, singer-songwriter] B V James Thomson [Radical poet and reviewer] Bell, Lily Mrs Bream Pearce [in Keir Hardie’s Labour Leader] Bennet or Bennett Goldfarb [ECCI rep. to GB & Ireland; Head of Anglo-American Secretariat, C.I.; married Rose Cohen, CPGB. Both shot in 1937] Aka Lipec, Petrovsky, Breguer, Humboldt Berwick,
    [Show full text]