English writing
Unforgettable flavor －Stinky Tofu:Why does stinky tofu let the human love and hate?
Author: Fang Yu Chi( 方毓祺)。National Tainan Commercial Vocational Senior High School 。Apply Foreign Language 3B Syu Wun Yi( 許文怡)。National Tainan Commercial Vocational Senior High School 。Apply Foreign Language 3B Liu Ya Jhen( 劉雅禎)。National Tainan Commercial Vocational Senior High School 。 Apply Foreign Language 3B
Instructor:Huang Yan Hong( 黃燕鴻老師)
Unforgettable flavor －Stinky Tofu:Why does stinky tofu let the human love and hate?
I. INTRODUCTION
A. Research Background
Food is what matters to the people, and the good food is too numerous to mention in the world. Especially the Chinese traditional good food spreads most widely in this multiplex global village. The good food and the culture exchange mutually between country and country, and then become creative and changeable delicacies which are distinctive. The Chinese invented the food which raises the face to improve looks and nutrition －tofu. Tofu is one of the main foods in Vietnam, Thailand, South Korea and Japan and so on. Along with the East and West cultural exchange, people can buy tofu at some markets. Each region develops all kinds of different tofu ingredients such as Japanese soft tofu, Korean kimchi tofu, Guangdong deep fried tofu, Chinese bean jelly and Taiwan deep fried tofu. The fresh tofu through the fermentation, pickled, fried and many processes, and combination of sour sweet and mouth watering kimchi. These two food seem very ordinary, and do not connect, but they match actually make the human for it exclamation. After the elder evolves, it becomes the famous Chinese traditional snack nowadays －Stinky Tofu.
B. Research Motive
Once I led my foreign friend to taste the local Taiwan snack at Tainan Garden night market. When we approached the stinky tofu vendor gradually, my friend pinched the nose to pass through fast suddenly and say, “What is that disgusting smell? ” Suddenly, I was very surprised at his words. I remember when I was a kid, there was an old lady who always pushed the stinky tofu car and hawked people to buy it near my home in evening. As long as I heard the familiar sound “ Stin~ky tofu ” , the neighbor would turn out in full strength, and stood in line with big dishes in their hands to buy stinky tofu. I am so confused that why the view of stinky tofu is difference between at home and abroad. Stinky tofu is a traditional street food which is popular to the people in Taiwan, because stinky tofu has crispy covering and soft stuffing. Furthermore, the smell of stinky tofu is beyond description so that it is delicious and yummy to some people. We can find the trace of stinky tofu at night markets, roadside food stands and everywhere in Taiwan. So the charm of stinky tofu is incomparable! However, why do most of foreigners and some people who don’t like stinky tofu avoid it like the plague? Where does stinky tofu actually come from? How does its mysterious flavor from? Let us further explore stinky tofu which makes people love and hate it?
1 Unforgettable flavor －Stinky Tofu:Why does stinky tofu let the human love and hate?
C. Main Research Questions
When you stroll on the street, the special smell of stinky tofu always flutters from the great distance. Some people pinch the nose to pass through fast, but some are attracted by the fragrance. Everyone knows that stinky tofu is one of Taiwan's top ten snacks. People possibly only hear stinky tofu coming from China, but do you know where stinky Tofu came from at first? And where did the way of eat stinky tofu with kimchi come form? With the differences of eating habits among different places, the making methods of stinky tofu and the ways to eat also have the quite big differences, so how many kinds of stinky tofu and how many way to eat it? Without a doubt, as we think the stinky tofu, we will associate with fried food. The conception of common tradition, we always think fried food is not good for people’s body, but according to the medical research report, in fact, stinky tofu is good for people’s health. It includes Probiotic which is more than yoghourt. Do you want to know more about the influences of stinky tofu on people’s health? And what is the evaluation of stinky tofu from everyone?
D. Research Method
To know more about stinky tofu, we find the information from Internet and the books of library, and got the answers of Q1 and Q3, the key words we used to search for are “the origin of stinky tofu “ and “the influence of stinky tofu on people’s health”. Furthermore, to study Q2, we visited some stinky tofu vendors which are well known in Tainan’s night markets, and made reference to a number of books on the stinky tofu cuisine Introduction. Then we made a questionnaire survey to gain access to the views of Tainan City 100 passers by on the street about whether they accept stinky tofu or not, then according to the contents of the questionnaire, to understand the stinky tofu in everyone’s hearts, and got the answers of Q4. Through these processes, we have a better understanding of the stinky tofu.
II. Thesis
A. Where did stinky tofu come from?
1. The origin of stinky tofu
In fact, with regard to the origin of stinky tofu was in the Qing dynasty Kangxi reign, the number one scholar, Wang Jhih he, who came from Anhui Xianyuan County went
2 Unforgettable flavor －Stinky Tofu:Why does stinky tofu let the human love and hate? to Beijing to take the exam. Unfortunately, he flunked a competitive examination for a job. However, he had no money to return home, so he stayed at Beijing. Just his home ran tofu workshop, so he made a living for running tofu shop in Beijing. However, business was poor so that he accumulated a lot of stocks. Accordingly, he cut tofu into small pieces, then he put tofu in the earthen jar, planning to made tofu into fermented bean curd. After a few days, he opened the earthen jar. He found that tofu didn’t make into fermented bean curd; however, it became very smelly and turned cyan. After tasting, he found it is very delicious. Therefore, he decided to sell stinky tofu. To his surprise, many customers loved it very much. As a result, stinky tofu began to spread to the world. By the late Qing dynasty, even the Empress Dowager Cixi also loved stinky tofu. She even listed it in the imperial dishes. But she said stinky tofu didn’t sound good, so she changed its name. Since its color was cyan and its square shaped feature, she renamed “cing fang”. (Evchen, 2007) (Dajiyuan, 2003)
B. How many kinds of Stinky Tofu and how many ways to make it?
1. the practice of stinky tofu
Stinky tofu is the food which spreads in the Chinese region and around the world. With the different eating habits in different places, production methods of stinky tofu are different in every area. According to Wikipedia, stinky tofu is a fermented product. Let originally colorless and tasteless tofu fermented naturally. Fresh tofu is usually soaked in foul brine. Stinky brew of bacteria and fungi break down the protein tofu. Tofu organizational slack and absorb the special smell. Then become the formation of today's stinky tofu.
Production method of flow chart
Stinky marinated water for natural fermentation. ↓ Cut fresh tofu into small pieces, and put it on the white middle. ↓ Pack tofu tight and reorganizes the corner. ↓ Put it on the wood board neatly. ↓ Put weight on it all night.
3 Unforgettable flavor －Stinky Tofu:Why does stinky tofu let the human love and hate?
↓ Then take the dried bean curd in the stinky brew some days and seal it. ↓ Stinky tofu is complete.
(Wikipedia, 2009)
2. The types of stinky tofu Taiwan commonly deep fried stinky tofu is commonly used means consumption, generally trafficked from the stinky tofu vendors, pickled off the habit of using high temperature deep fried tofu. Crispy skin with sweet and sour pickles in Taiwan, can remove the greasy feeling fried stinky tofu. In addition to other deep fried, there are many types of stinky tofu. Spicy stinky tofu is the latest Taiwan in recent years of eating with duck blood, sauerkraut, rich spicy soup with stinky tofu distinctive smell, so that we loved deeply spicy tofu. Steamed stinky tofu is the heavy smell of stinky tofu to join in a light soup with steamed cooking methods, so that can not accept the smell of stinky tofu stinky goers can also enjoy delicious. China Shenkeng with BBQ tofu is known to use thin bamboo sticks through the stinky tofu, coated with barbecue sauce, then bake a few minutes on the charcoal, as wood fired, and barbecue sauce, so that the smell of stinky tofu had been covered, not Those who dare to eat stinky tofu can also try the night market in Taiwan, also see figure BBQ stinky tofu. Therefore, the types of tofu can be said that the ever changing.
3.The following are all kinds of stinky tofu production method: a. Spicy stinky tofu Materials: Stinky Tofu, Meat, Dried fish, Shallots, Coriander, Miso, Paprika, sesame oil, Peppercorns, Chili Oil. “Spicy stinky tofu” Production Method: (1) Stinky tofu with a toothpick to poke holes. (2) With 2 tablespoons of sesame oil saute the peppercorns, fish out the part of the peppercorns. ●Spicy stinky tofu (3) Add four double pig meat grinder and a two tier dry fry the fish, and then poured into 10 cups broth. (4) Add spicy oil and 2 tablespoons of chili powder, 3 tablespoons of miso 1 teaspoon of sugar, and eight pieces of stinky tofu.
4 Unforgettable flavor －Stinky Tofu:Why does stinky tofu let the human love and hate?
(5) Bring to the boil into the ceramic pot, a small Simmer 1 hour to complete. (bysoCITY,2008) (BBS,2005) b. Steamed stinky tofu Main materials: green beans, ham, mushrooms, sesame oil , preserved vegetables, pepper, chicken powder, stinky tofu, sugar, rice wine, soy sauce
“Steamed stinky tofu” Production Method: ●Steamed stinky tofu (1) Wash green beans, ham, mushrooms and remove the root cuts. (2) Wash the tofu, chopped them into the steamer in, then add mushrooms, preserved vegetables, ham, 3 tablespoons of water and a little soy sauce. (3) Put stinky tofu on the steamer and steam 6 minutes. (5) Before finishing, put some sesame oil on the stinky tofu. (Sung,1989) (Kikkoman,2009)
c. Carbon roast Stinky tofu Main materials: Stinky tofu, kimchi, mashed garlic, chili sauce, mustard sauce, smoke free carbon, coarse black pepper, coriander, soy sauce
Sauce materials: ●Carbon roast Stinky tofu Guangdong Shantou barbecue sauce 3 tablespoons, soy sauce 5 tablespoons, fine granulated sugar 1 tablespoon, mashed garlic 2 tablespoons, peanut powder 2 tablespoons, few licorice powders
“Carbon roast Stinky tofu” Production Method: (1) stir sauce materials. (2) deep fried stinky tofu till it turns golden crisp and then put it the pot to drain the oil, hollow out the middle of stinky tofu, put proper kimchi, string two stinky tofu. (3) put stinky tofu on the oven, brush sauce, roast it till tasty and have aroma, scatter coarse black pepper and coriander, place on the plate. When you eat, you can add some chili sauce and mustard sauce. (BBS,2008) (flickr,2010)
5 Unforgettable flavor －Stinky Tofu:Why does stinky tofu let the human love and hate?
C. What is the influence of stinky tofu on people’s health?
1. Physical health benefits of stinky tofu. a. Adjusts effect which the intestinal tract and is good for the stomach.
Stinky tofu has many benefits to our health. According to "Kang Jian" magazine, there are a lot of plant derived lactic acid bacteria in stinky tofu. Lactic acid bacteria can produce a natural antibiotic, regulate intestinal and is good for the stomach. b. Containing soy isoflavones
In the stinky fermentation process, proteins will be broken down into various amino acids and produce yeast and other materials. Stinky tofu is low in saturated fat and no cholesterol. It contains unique health components in soybean ─ soy isoflavones, which are said to have higher nutritional value than cheese. c. Boost the immune system and to improve constipation and bloating.
According to Zhong Guang news website, recently, a physician noted that Tofu contains 10 20 kinds of probiotics which has higher content than yogurt. Eating raw tofu can suppress the bad bacteria and boost the immune system. It can also improve constipation and bloating. So, unlike most people's idea of it, stinky tofu still contains benefits to our health. (NFDAILY,2009)
2. Physical health disadvantages of stinky tofu. a. Stinky tofu + re use oil = Cancer In recent years, we often see newspaper and magazine reports the black hearted stinky tofu. Stinky tofu must pass through fries in oil. Although vendors claimed that they never use re use oil, use oil in high temperature for some time will lead to unsaturated bonds produce and become easy to get cancer. During the manufacturing process, because stinky tofu has to go through many complicated steps, it will be more vulnerable to bacterial contamination in the fermentation process. The ingredient of stinky tofu─kimchi, which quality is usually mixed. General kimchi factory has a high temperature boiler equipment sterilization, but vendors are impossible to spend
6 Unforgettable flavor －Stinky Tofu:Why does stinky tofu let the human love and hate? so much money to buy the equipment, so stinky tofu is very susceptible to bacterial infections. (Life News,2008)
III. The result of Stinky tofu’s questionnaire
1. How old are you? □10~20 □21~30 □ 31~40 □up40
We chose thirty teachers and students from National 89 90 Tainan Commercial Senior High School and chose 80 thirty passersby on Beimen road in Tainan at 70 60 random and chose forty people at the door of 50 Tainan’s Shin Kong Mitsukoshi at random to 40 30 answer this questionnaire. We investigated fifty 20 11 people from ten to twenty, twenty two people from 10 0 twenty one to thirty, twelve people from thirty one to Yes No forty, sixteen people from up forty. Graphic one Age
2. Which flavor of stinky tofu do you like to eat? □fried □spicy □steamed □BBQ
According to the picture, we can make a conclusion that 54% people like to eat deep fried stinky tofu, 20% people like to eat spicy stinky tofu, 15% people like to eat 10% 1% fried 15% spicy steamed stinky tofu, 10% people like to eat steamed 54% BBQ BBQ stinky tofu, and only 1% people don’t 20% like to eat all of them. We can know the none of which taste of deep fried stinky tofu is the most popular. We make a conclusion that it is because street vendors sell deep fried stinky Graphic four The flavors tofu most often. As a result, the general public loves to eat stinky tofu.
5.What do you think the effect of stinky tofu on the body? □Beneficial □No impact □Harm
7 Unforgettable flavor －Stinky Tofu:Why does stinky tofu let the human love and hate?
Based on the diagram shows 100 people, 79 people think tofu has no effect on health, there are 11 people feel that tofu impact on the health disadvantages, and the 79 remaining 10 people think that tofu is good for their 80 health benefits. From our literature that, in fact, 60 human health benefits of tofu have disadvantages, 40 but most people thought that eating tofu little impact 20 10 11 on health, we can see most people eating tofu does 0 Beneficial No impact Harm not take into account when Its health effects. Graphic five the effect of stinky tofu on the body
3. Which of the following do you think of food probiotics (for human nutritional value) the highest levels? □yoghourt □Raw (not fried) stinky tofu □deep fried stinky tofu
From the figure we can see that 100 80 people surveyed, 80 people believe that a 80 70 probiotic yogurt contains the highest 60 content of 18 people think not been 50 40 deep fried stinky tofu, the highest content 30 18 of probiotics. However, according to our 20 10 2 literature shows, in fact, raw (not fried) 0 yoghourt Raw stinky deep-fried tofu is the highest content of the three tofu stinky tofu probiotics in food, can be seen that the general public awareness of the stinky Graphic six Comparison tofu is not very thorough. of the contents
4. Do you think stinky tofu can be crowned as Taiwan’s top ten snacks? □Yes □No
Based on the diagram shows, among 100 100 89 people, there are 89 people think stinky tofu is 80 60 able to be crowned as Taiwan’s top ten snakes. 40 Only 11 people think it can’t get the list of 20 11 0 Taiwan’s ten top snacks. Most people think the Yes No reason why stinky tofu can be crowned as Taiwan’s top ten snacks is because stinky Graphic seven Agree or disagree tofu is delicious and smells good and has
8 Unforgettable flavor －Stinky Tofu:Why does stinky tofu let the human love and hate? unique flavor. Nonetheless, few people think it very smelly, disgusting and unsanitary. Therefore, we believe that stinky tofu still plays an important role in Taiwanese minds.
IV. Conclusion In the questionnaire, we chose 100 people at random, knowing that most people can accept stinky tofu and they ate it once a month on average. Their favorite flavor is deep fried stinky tofu and they think stinky tofu doesn’t affect physical health. They feel the content of probiotic yogurt is higher than stinky tofu and more than half people think stinky tofu can be crowned as Taiwan’s top ten snacks. The general public thinks stinky tofu has no influence on physical health. However, according to our survey data, we found that stinky tofu can mediate gastrointestinal function. Eating stinky tofu that has not been deep fried can also boost the immune system and improve constipation and abdominal distention effectively. Therefore, if you have these problems, we suggest that you eat raw stinky tofu.
V. References
A. Content
1.Sung, D.S. (1989). Jiang Je Dishes . Taipei city: Han Guang Book Inc. P.65. 2.Evchen 。臭豆腐的由來。香港論壇。2007 年 8 月 31 日，取自 http://www.lalulalu.com/viewthread.php?action=printable&tid=730125 3.大紀元。美食文化:臭豆腐的由來。2003 年 11 月 14 日，取自 http://www.epochtimes.com/b5/3/11/14/n410819.htm 4.維基百科。臭豆腐。2009 年 6 月 30 日，取自 http://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%AD%E8%B1%86%E8%85%90 5.NFDAILY 。吃出健康：臭豆腐營養勝奶酪。2009 年 3 月 10 日，取自 http://gd.nfdaily.cn/food/content/2009 03/10/content_4973377.htm 6.生命時報。2008 年 9 月 2 日第 09 版，取自 http://www.cyol.net/health/content/2008 09/04/content_2343496.htm 7.台灣小吃 摩尼 BBS 討論區。碳烤臭豆腐。2008 年 9 月 18 日，取自 http://bbs.moninet.com.tw/board/topic.cgi?forum=123&topic=606&show=0 8.台灣小吃 摩尼 BBS 討論區。麻辣臭豆腐。2005 年 1 月 19 日，取自 http://bbs.moninet.com.tw/board/topic.cgi?forum=123&topic=102&show=0
9 Unforgettable flavor －Stinky Tofu:Why does stinky tofu let the human love and hate?
B. Picture
1.bysoCITY shop 。麻辣臭豆腐。2008 年，取自 http://bysocity.enjoy.hinet.net/shop/24739795/www/index.php?sup_no=1741 2.kikkoman 。清蒸臭豆腐。2009 年，取自 http://www.kikkoman.com.tw/recipe/recipe/2/list/CategoryID/2117/CTID/%7bE2B3B 638 36BA 4D0D 85C5 D1C45437BE8F%7d.html 3.flickr 。碳烤臭豆腐配泡菜。2010 年，取自 http://www.flickr.com/photos/j_for_joyce/3031469712/
VI. Appendix
Dear handsome guy and the beauty: Hello, we are the students of National Tainan Commercial Vocational Senior High School. So, now that the courses need to design the questionnaire, this questionnaire was mainly to investigate consumer preferences and level of understanding of stinky tofu, this questionnaire does not refer to your privacy, please complete peace of mind. Your advice, our research will be of great help, thank you for your cooperation, I wish the best for last.
1. How old are you? □ 10 20 years old □ 21 30 years old □ 31 40 years old □ over40years old 2. What kind taste of stinky tofu do you like? □ Deep fried tofu □ Spicy stinky tofu □ Steamed stinky tofu □ BBQ stinky tofu □ Others:______3. What do you think stinky tofu impact on the body? □ Good What good:______□ Harm What harm:______4. Which of the following do you think of food probiotics (for human nutritional value) the highest levels? □ Yoghourt □ Raw (not fried) stinky tofu □ After deep fried stinky tofu 5. Do you think that stinky tofu can be crowned as Taiwan's top ten snacks? □ Yes □ No
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