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2009 UNESCO-WTA International Training Workshop www.wtanet.org REPORT 2009 UNESCO-WTA International Training Workshop Green Growth based on the Science Park Initiatives 11 - 14 November 2009 Conference Hall, Daedeok Innopolis, Daejeon, KOREA December 2009 Daedeok Innopolis, Daejeon,Korea(November 11-14, 2009) 2009 UNESCO-WTA International Training Workshop Green Growth based on the Science Park Initiatives r ▪ Date. November 11-14, 2009 ▪ Venue. Conference Hall, Daedeok Innopolis, Daejeon, Korea UNESCO-WTA Cooperative Project Steering Committee 1 2009 UNESCO-WTA International Training Workshop Published November 2009 Copyright WTA 2 Daedeok Innopolis, Daejeon,Korea(November 11-14, 2009) Table of Contents Keynote Speech 7 Toward a Sustainable Technopolis · Prof. Fred Young Philips (Alliant International University, USA) SESSION 1. Technopolis development and Green Growth ▪ Lecture 1-1 29 Science Park in context of the Sustainable Development towards Green Growth · Prof. DeogSeong Oh (Chungnam National University, Rep.of Korea/ WTA Secretary General) ▪ Lecture 1-2. 55 Technopois as Innovation SEZ for Green Growth · Prof. Byung-Ho Oh (Hanyang University, Korea) ▪ Lecture 1-3. 69 Green Development Strategies at Southern Taiwan Science Park · Prof. Shiann-far Kung (National Chengkung University, Taiwan) 3 2009 UNESCO-WTA International Training Workshop SESSION 2. Strategic industry & Green Growth in the Region ▪ Lecture 2-1 85 Sustainable entrepreneurship and cleantech - A Swedish perspective · Prof. Erik Lindhult (Mälardalen University, Sweden) ▪ Lecture 2-2. 101 Strategic Hi-Tech Industry and Regional Green Growth · Prof. Eberhard Becker (Dortmund University of Technology, Germany) ▪ Lecture 2-3. 111 “Green to Gold” strategy: Collaboration among government, companies and consumers in Japan · Prof. Michi Fukushima (Tohoku University, Japan) SESSION 3. Support mechanism in Technopolis towards Green Growth ▪ Lecture 3-1 127 Support mechanism in Technopolis towards Green Growth · Dr. Herbert Chen (Tsinghua Science Park, China) ▪ Lecture 3-2. 141 A role for Science and Technology Parks in supporting green growth · Dr. Malcolm Parry OBE (Director of the Surrey Research Park, UK) ▪ Lecture 3-3. 159 Eco-Industrial Park (EIP) Initiatives towards Green Growth: Lessons from Korean Experience · Prof. Suk-Chan Ko (Dankook University, Korea) 4 Daedeok Innopolis, Daejeon,Korea(November 11-14, 2009) SESSION 4. Country Presentation 173 Appendix. UNESCO-WTA Initiatives (2006-2010) Science Park & Technology Incubator 187 Dr.Yoslan Nur Division for Science Policy and Sustainable Development, Natural Science Sector, UNESCO 5 2009 UNESCO-WTA International Training Workshop 2009 UNESCO-WTA Project Steering Committee Chairman Rector Eberhard Becker, President of WTA University President Forum Coordinator Dr. Yoslan Nur, Science Policy & Sustainable Development Division, UNESCO Dr. Deog-Seong Oh, Secretary General of World Technopolis Association (WTA) Members Mr. Mustafa El Tayeb, Director, Division for Science Policy and Sustainable Devloment Natural Science Sector, UNESCO Dr. Byung-Joo Kang, Director, UNESCO-WTA Technopolios Development Center Dr. Taek-ku Lee, Director General, Economy and Science Bereau, Daejeon, Dr. Malcolm Parry, General Manager, Surrey Research Park, Guilford, UK Dr. Miyakawa Yasuo, Professor Emeritus, Kyushu University, Japan Dr. Jong-Deuk Kim, Professor, KAIST, Korea Mr. Yeon-Gon Choo, Advisory Ambassador on International relations Daejeon Metropolitan City, Republic of Korea Dr. Jong-Hyun Lee, President, Asian Science Park Association (ASPA) 6 Daedeok Innopolis, Daejeon,Korea(November 11-14, 2009) KKEEYYNNOOTTEE SSPPEEEECCHH Toward a Sustainable Technopolis · Prof. Fred Young Philips (Alliant International University, USA) 7 2009 UNESCO-WTA International Training Workshop 8 Daedeok Innopolis, Daejeon,Korea(November 11-14, 2009) Toward a Sustainable Technopolis Fred Phillips IC2 Institute, University of Texas at Austin Senior Editor, Technological Forecasting & Social Change ABSTRACT: The paper offers observations on what makes a technopolis sustainable, and how a technopolis contributes to the sustainability of society outside the technopolis’ boundaries. Each technopolis project must attend to sustainability in the scientific/ engineering arena, in the social arena, and in the arena of environment and the triple bottom line. The paper offers criticism of common concepts of sustainability, suggesting that technopolis designers and scientists are well positioned to sharpen our views and practices regarding sustainability. KEYWORDS: Technopolis; Technopark; Science Park; High-Tech Economic Development; Sustainability; Green Development Outline 1. Introduction: Sustainability and Technopolis 2. Scientific and engineering sustainability 2.1. Plan for massive tech shift: Fujitsu and the 2025 quantum limit 2.2. Plan for ending of government funding 3. Social sustainability 3.1. Godfathers 3.2. Social capital 3.2.1. History and social culture 3.2.2. Social capital 3.2.3. External networking 3.3. Grassroots vs. government-directed technopolis alliances 3.4. Sustainable technopolis initiatives 4. Environmental sustainability and the triple bottom line 5. Cases 5.1. Hsinchu 5.2. Bangalore 6. Synthesis for the future 9 2009 UNESCO-WTA International Training Workshop 1. Introduction: Sustainability and Technopolis It has been my privilege, over the course of a long consulting career, to visit many of the world’s technopolis projects, including, here in East Asia, Hsin-Chu, Daeduk, Kansai Science City, Tsukuba, and Oita Prefecture. In 2006, I wrote down much of what I learned in these travels, in a book called Social Culture and High-Tech Economic Development: The Technopolis Columns (Phillips 2006), a book which emphasized the vital role of social capital in technopolis development. Today I would like to share, in keeping with the theme of this workshop, observations on what makes a technopolis sustainable. I take a broad view of sustainability, as indeed each technopolis project will have to attend to sustainability in the scientific/engineering arena, in the social arena, and in the arena of environment and the triple bottom line. I will go further, criticizing the foundations of our concepts of sustainability. I feel confident that this audience includes the thinkers who can fill the gaps in the sustainability concept, and I present these gaps to you as a challenge. Table 1 lists the success factors shared by thriving technopoleis. We will touch on many of these this morning. Table 1. Technopolis success factors Embracing change. Social capital, especially with cross-sectoral links. Cluster strategies that target specific company groups for collocation. Visionary and persistent leadership. The will to action. Action. Constant selling. Self-investment in infrastructure. Outreach and networking. Source: Phillips (2006) It was also my privilege to attend and to publish (Phillips and Eto 1998) the 1997 Tsukuba Advance Research Alliance (TARA) Symposium on returning university research results to society. Japan’s Technopolis Act was to be terminated in 1998 (Suzuki 2004), and Japan prepared to look to universities for a sustainable stream of commercializeable research. This is today’s first lesson in sustainable technopolis: Government technopolis initiatives may not last; universities endure. Private companies may not survive; but universities endure. Technopoleis hoping for a long run must leverage the presence of universities, and partner with them. 10 Daedeok Innopolis, Daejeon,Korea(November 11-14, 2009) 2. Scientific and engineering sustainability 2.1. Plan for massive tech shift: Fujitsu and the 2025 quantum limit The TARA symposium’s highlights were the remarks of Mr. Takuma Yamamoto, who was soon to retire as Chairman of Fujitsu Ltd. Mr. Yamamoto repeatedly referred to the year 2025 as a kind of watershed. In 2025, he implied, everything would change for Fujitsu. Curious, I talked my way past Mr. Yamamoto’s bodyguards and asked the chairman, “What is going to happen in 2025?” Mr. Yamamoto replied that he expected chip design to hit the quantum limit to Moore’s Law in 2025. Every Fujitsu factory involved in circuits, he said, would have to be redesigned, and that would be in the best possible scenario! Progress has been faster than even Fujitsu expected, and current forecasts of the quantum limit range from 2014 to 2020. The limit seems less like a wall and more like a permeable membrane: In certain niches, slight progress has been made in overcoming the barriers to Moore’s Law. These include neural chips and quantum computing. Nonetheless, new technopolis projects would be foolish to build expensive facilities that may be obsolete in four years. Instead, find science and engineering niches that will allow a long payback period on your infrastructure investment. 2.2. Plan for cessation of government funding An island in the Mediterranean procured a European Union grant for its technopolis project. An architectural competition was announced, and I was asked to be a judge. The island’s ancient and wealthy aristocracy was bitterly opposed to the development. Thus, there were no funds for continuing the project after the EU grant was gone. Moreover, Europe’s most prominent architects, who did not get paid, developed a bad attitude about the island and its prospects. We all know that culture change takes a very long time. The EU did not take this knowledge into account when creating its technopolis grant program. The island’s government did not take it into account when launching
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