DOCSLIB.ORG

Case of Lebanese Flora

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Case of Lebanese Flora 1st Mediterranean Plant Conservation Week “Building a regional network to conserve plants and cultural diversity” Ulcinj (Montenegro) – 24-29 October 2016 Setting conservation priorities is a priority: case of Lebanese flora Magda BOU DAGHER KHARRAT Hicham el Zein Helen Waked Rana Jardak Rhea Kahale Laboratoire Caractérisation génétique des plantes - UR FGEM- Laboratoire de Germination et de Conservation des Graines « Jouzour Loubnan » Glacial refuge and endemism zones Médail F. & Diadema K., 2009. Journal of Biogeography, 36. Geology, climate, and human activities: the mould and sculptors of plant diversity Human activities Climate White F. & Léonard J., 2001. Flora et Vegetatio Mundi, 9. Geography, Geology, Geomorphology Carte topographique du Liban Mont - Liban Anti - Liban 3000 m Vallee de la Beqaa 2000 m 1500 m 1000 m Rodolphe GHSOUB, USJ – GreatMed - 2014 Mediterranean sea Mount Lebanon Bequaa valley Lebanon precipitation map Min-max rainfall 200 – 1400 mm/year Monthly average ToC 13 -27oC Quercus cerris forest The climate is Mediterranean with hot, non-rainy (humid on the coast, dry inland) summers and warm, moist winters. Hammada Group / Artemisia herba-alba Rodolphe GHSOUB, USJ – GreatMed - 2014 Bioclimatic zones The singularity of geomorphological regions give rise to different bio-climatic zones and several types of habitats, including several distinct semi-natural habitats that have evolved and adapted to anthropogenic activities and pressures. Altitude (m) Mediterranean 0 – 500 Thermomediterranean 500-1000 Eumediterranean Supramediterranean 1000 - 1500 1500 - 2000 Montagnard mediterranean > 2000 Oromediterranean Pre steppic mediterrannean 1000 - 1500 Mediterranean 1400 - 1800 Supramediterranean 1800 - 2400 Montagnard mediterranean > 2400 Oromediterranean (Abi Saleh 1978, Atlas du Liban 2006) Taanayel lac Ouyoun Ourghosh, 2800 m Horsh Ehden natural reserve Aarsal Anti-Liban Baskinta Vallées Quadisha valley Southern-most edge populations of many Ostrya carpinifolia “northern” species Fraxinus ornus Abies cilicica Juniperus drupaceae Malus trilobata Juniperus excelsa Cedrus libani Rhododendron Lebanon flora in a glance! 131 Families 826 Genera 2845 Taxa Species richness per Family. Genus richness per family Bou Dagher Kharrat M. et al., en préparation. Durmitor National Park, Montenegro Montenegro Lebanon 13,812 km² 10,452 km² 653 000 inhabitants 6 000 000 inhabitants Urbanized area raised 2,58 km2/year between 1963 and 2003 http://mappemonde.mgm.fr/num7/articles/art05305.pdf The fact that the country of Lebanon boasts the highest level of population growth is largely attributable to decreased infant mortality rates there. This growth has also been enhanced by the country’s ever expanding tourism sector which, along with influxes of refugees from neighboring countries, has made rates of net migration into Lebanon by far the highest in any country on the planet. • During the 2014 calendar year, statistics indicated that the country of Lebanon had a population increase of 9.37% as compared to the year before. This rate of growth positioned this Middle Eastern country within the top spot globally in terms of possessing the fastest population growth rate among any nation that year. Impact humain Croissance accrue de la population au niveau des cotes Population changes (1960-2000) and projections to 2030, for the main cities of the Mediterranean countries. • 80 % of the population is urban 60 % of the population is squeezed onto 8 % of the land in the narrow coastal zone. In Beirut 2 Major implications for the 1m = 1 000 USD in 1990 environment 1m2 = 6 000 USD In 1994 Urbanisation 2008 http://mappemonde.mgm.fr/num7/articles/art05305.pdf Quarries overgrazing Illegal harvesting of wild, aromatic & medicinal plants 22 Main threats HIPPO HIPPO Habitat destruction HIPPO Invasive species HIPPO Pollution HIPPO Human Population raise HIPPO Overexploitation Is it too late? Is it worth conservation? Each flora is UNIQUE Result of different evolutions pathways over millions of years…. Endemic species Paeonia kesrouanensis Berberis libanotica Rhododendron ponticum var. brachycarpum Acantholimon libanoticumAubrieta libanotica Iris anti-libanoticaAstragalus kurnet-es-saudae Is it too late? Is it worth conservation? Let’s set priorities 01 40 81 76 64 Determination of Important Areas for Plants and Creation of Micro-Reserves to Conserve Rare or Endemic Species in Lebanon. Grant 63257 2013 - 2016 Conservation approaches Species Habitat KBA IUCN red list IPA IBA …. Protected species Protected areas Component 1 : Training on Plant Identification Component 2 : IUCN redlisting of endemic species Component 3 : Identification of Important Plant Areas (IPAs) Component 4 : Creation of 3 microreserves Strategic directions 3 Plant identification : tools and challenges 16, 17 & 18 May 2014 51 participants / 14 institutions Shouf Biosphere Reserve – Tannourine Reserve - UL – BAU – APJM – LARI – Ministry of Agriculture – NDU – LIU – SPNL – UOB – CNRS – FAO - LRI Component 1 : Training on Plant Identification ✔ Component 2 : IUCN redlisting Component 3 : Identification of Important Plant Areas (IPAs) Component 1 : Creation of 3 microreserves Strategic directions 3 In the framework of the project “Determination of Important Areas for Plants and Creation of Micro-Reserves to Conserve Rare or Endemic Species in Lebanon” funded by the Critical Ecosystem Partnership Fund, The Faculty of Sciences, Saint Joseph University in collaboration with O-Life presents the workshop on IUCN Redlisting 16, 17 & 18 May 2014 @ Faculté des sciences, Campus sciences et technologies, Université Saint-Joseph Mar Roukoz, Mkalles Contact: [email protected] tél : 01 421 382 31 participants 15 institutions USJ – AUB – LAU – USEK – Green Hand – El ard – NDU – BAU – LARI – SPNL – University of Balamand – Lebanese University – IRAL – FAO - CNRS 200 taxons First national IUCN redlist Component 1 : Training on Plant Identification ✔ Component 2 : IUCN redlisting 85 % Component 3 : Identification of Important Plant Areas (IPAs) Component 1 : Creation of 3 microreserves Strategic directions 3 Important plant area criteria Criteria for the Definition of Conservation Areas Species richness + Trigger species Important plant area criteria Species richness + Trigger species Species richness Mouterde 1983 Historical data (<1980) Herbariums data 29848 observations Plant distribution Tohme & Tohme 2014 Recent data (>1980) Collectors data 27 (lebanon-flora contributors) Own data (Hicham new field visit's) 23700 records Historical data (<1980) Recent data (>1980) Important plant area criteria Species richness + Trigger species Important plant area criteria Endemic species Species richness + Trigger species Rare species Threatened species National Endemics Endemic species Levant Endemics Near East Med Endemics Trigger species Rare species V u Threatened species NT E N CR National Endemics Levant Endemics IPA index Almost final Near East Med Endemics Species richness Component 1 : Training on Plant Identification ✔ Component 2 : IUCN redlisting 85 % Component 3 : Identification of Important Plant Areas (IPAs) 99 % Component 14 : Creation of 3 microreserves Strategic directions 3 Plant Micro Reserve Ehmej Baskinta Sarada Area : 55 ha Area : 12 ha Area : 10 ha Religious Public Private Waqf Ehmej, Mont-Liban Iris sofarana Keserwana Endemic to Lebanon Site classé Quercus calliprinos, Laurus nobilis Official declaration of el dichar as “protected area” * *Site naturel “el Dichar” Plant Micro Reserve Ehmej Baskinta Sarada Area : 55 ha Area : 12 ha Area : 10 ha Religious Public Private Waqf Microréserve #3: Sarada, Sud-Liban Pollinisation par les abeilles Iris bismarckiana Graines d’Iris Determination of Important Areas for Plants and Creation of Micro-Reserves to Conserve Rare or Endemic Species in Lebanon. Grant 63257 Pr. Magda BOU DAGHER KHARRAT Mgr Chukrallah Hajj mars 2016 22 avril 2016 Réserve: Melkit Metropolit Georgios Signature on October 2016 Plant Micro Reserve Ehmej Baskinta Sarada Area : 55 ha Area : 12 ha Area : 10 ha Religious Public Private Waqf Microréserve #2: Baskinta, Mont-Liban October 2014 January 2015 Site naturel Sentier randonneurs accompagnees Jardin botanique prive Avril 2016 Station experimentale January 2016 Cumulative frequency of 1C-value for investigated taxa 1.0 1C (pg) versus Cumulative Frequency 0.9 0.8 very large >35 0.7 large 0.6 14 to 35 0.5 0.4 intermediate 54.69 pg/2C small 3.5 to 14 Fritillaria alfredae 0.3 1.4 to 3.5 Cumulative Cumulative Frequency 0.2 0.1 very small 0.0 0 <1.4 1 10 100 1C (pg) 0.28 pg/2C - M. Bou Dagher – Kharrat,et al., 2013, Plant biosystems, 147 Hypericum thymifolium (4): 1- 10. DOI: 10.1080/11263504.2013.861530 Endemic to Lebanon Paeonia mascula Paeonia kesrouanensis 2n=2x=10 chromosomes (Grèce) 2n=4x=20 chromosomes, 65pg/2C 2n=4x=20 chromosomes, 58pg/2C Bou Dagher – Kharrat, et al. 2013. Nuclear DNA C-values for biodiversity screening: Case of the Lebanese flora. Plant Biosystems. Odontites lutea 1.13 pg/2C Odontites lutea var. hispidula 2.22 pg/2C Bou Dagher – Kharrat, et al. 2013. Nuclear DNA C-values for biodiversity screening: Case of the Lebanese flora. 2013, Plant biosystems, 147 (4): 1- 10 Puschkinia scilloides Puschkinia scilloides var. libanotica 2n=2x=10 chromosomes, 13,25 pg/2C 2n=4x=20 chromosomes, 27,13 pg/2C Bou Dagher – Kharrat, et al. 2013. Nuclear DNA C-values for biodiversity screening: Case of the Lebanese flora. Plant Biosystems. Caractérisation écogéographique et génétique du genre Astragalus au Liban
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Conserving Europe's Threatened Plants
    Conserving Europe’s threatened plants Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation Conserving Europe’s threatened plants Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation By Suzanne Sharrock and Meirion Jones May 2009 Recommended citation: Sharrock, S. and Jones, M., 2009. Conserving Europe’s threatened plants: Progress towards Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation Botanic Gardens Conservation International, Richmond, UK ISBN 978-1-905164-30-1 Published by Botanic Gardens Conservation International Descanso House, 199 Kew Road, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 3BW, UK Design: John Morgan, [email protected] Acknowledgements The work of establishing a consolidated list of threatened Photo credits European plants was first initiated by Hugh Synge who developed the original database on which this report is based. All images are credited to BGCI with the exceptions of: We are most grateful to Hugh for providing this database to page 5, Nikos Krigas; page 8. Christophe Libert; page 10, BGCI and advising on further development of the list. The Pawel Kos; page 12 (upper), Nikos Krigas; page 14: James exacting task of inputting data from national Red Lists was Hitchmough; page 16 (lower), Jože Bavcon; page 17 (upper), carried out by Chris Cockel and without his dedicated work, the Nkos Krigas; page 20 (upper), Anca Sarbu; page 21, Nikos list would not have been completed. Thank you for your efforts Krigas; page 22 (upper) Simon Williams; page 22 (lower), RBG Chris. We are grateful to all the members of the European Kew; page 23 (upper), Jo Packet; page 23 (lower), Sandrine Botanic Gardens Consortium and other colleagues from Europe Godefroid; page 24 (upper) Jože Bavcon; page 24 (lower), Frank who provided essential advice, guidance and supplementary Scumacher; page 25 (upper) Michael Burkart; page 25, (lower) information on the species included in the database.
    [Show full text]
  • Nature Conservation
    J. Nat. Conserv. 11, – (2003) Journal for © Urban & Fischer Verlag http://www.urbanfischer.de/journals/jnc Nature Conservation Constructing Red Numbers for setting conservation priorities of endangered plant species: Israeli flora as a test case Yuval Sapir1*, Avi Shmida1 & Ori Fragman1,2 1 Rotem – Israel Plant Information Center, Dept. of Evolution, Systematics and Ecology,The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel; e-mail: [email protected] 2 Present address: Botanical Garden,The Hebrew University, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel Abstract A common problem in conservation policy is to define the priority of a certain species to invest conservation efforts when resources are limited. We suggest a method of constructing red numbers for plant species, in order to set priorities in con- servation policy. The red number is an additive index, summarising values of four parameters: 1. Rarity – The number of sites (1 km2) where the species is present. A rare species is defined when present in 0.5% of the area or less. 2. Declining rate and habitat vulnerability – Evaluate the decreasing rate in the number of sites and/or the destruction probability of the habitat. 3. Attractivity – the flower size and the probability of cutting or exploitation of the plant. 4. Distribution type – scoring endemic species and peripheral populations. The plant species of Israel were scored for the parameters of the red number. Three hundred and seventy (370) species, 16.15% of the Israeli flora entered into the “Red List” received red numbers above 6. “Post Mortem” analysis for the 34 extinct species of Israel revealed an average red number of 8.7, significantly higher than the average of the current red list.
    [Show full text]
  • Baalbek Hermel Zahleh Jbayl Aakar Koura Metn Batroun West Bekaa Zgharta Kesrouane Rachaiya Miniyeh-Danniyeh Bcharreh Baabda Aale
    305 307308 Borhaniya - Rehwaniyeh Borj el Aarab HakourMazraatKarm el Aasfourel Ghatas Sbagha Shaqdouf Aakkar 309 El Aayoun Fadeliyeh Hamediyeh Zouq el Hosniye Jebrayel old Tekrit New Tekrit 332ZouqDeir El DalloumMqachrine Ilat Ain Yaaqoub Aakkar El Aatqa Er Rouaime Moh El Aabdé Dahr Aayas El Qantara Tikrit Beit Daoud El Aabde 326 Zouq el Hbalsa Ein Elsafa - Akum Mseitbeh 302 306310 Zouk Haddara Bezbina Wadi Hanna Saqraja - Ein Eltannur 303 Mar Touma Bqerzla Boustane Aartoussi 317 347 Western Zeita Al-Qusayr Nahr El Bared El318 Mahammara Rahbe Sawadiya Kalidiyeh Bhannine 316 El Khirbe El Houaich Memnaa 336 Bebnine Ouadi Ej jamous Majdala Tashea Qloud ElEl Baqie Mbar kiye Mrah Ech Chaab A a k a r Hmaire Haouchariye 34°30'0"N 338 Qanafez 337 Hariqa Abu Juri BEKKA INFORMALEr Rihaniye TENTEDBaddouaa El Hmaira SETTLEMENTS Bajaa Saissouq Jouar El Hachich En Nabi Kzaiber Mrah esh Shmis Mazraat Et Talle Qarqaf Berkayel Masriyeh Hamam El Minié Er Raouda Chane Mrah El Dalil Qasr El Minie El Kroum El Qraiyat Beit es Semmaqa Mrah Ez Zakbe Diyabiyeh Dinbou El Qorne Fnaydek Mrah el Arab Al Quasir 341 Beit el Haouch Berqayel Khraibe Fnaideq Fissane 339 Beit Ayoub El Minieh - Plot 256 Bzal Mishmish Hosh Morshed Samaan 340 Aayoun El Ghezlane Mrah El Ain Salhat El Ma 343 Beit Younes En Nabi Khaled Shayahat Ech Cheikh Maarouf Habchit Kouakh El Minieh - Plots: 1797 1796 1798 1799 Jdeidet El Qaitaa Khirbit Ej Jord En Nabi Youchaa Souaisse 342 Sfainet el Qaitaa Jawz Karm El Akhras Haouch Es Saiyad AaliHosh Elsayed Ali Deir Aamar Hrar Aalaiqa Mrah Qamar ed Dine
    [Show full text]
  • País Região Cidade Nome De Hotel Morada Código Postal Algeria
    País Região Cidade Nome de Hotel Morada Código Postal Algeria Adrar Timimoun Gourara Hotel Timimoun, Algeria Algeria Algiers Aïn Benian Hotel Hammamet Ain Benian RN Nº 11 Grand Rocher Cap Caxine , 16061, Aïn Benian, Algeria Algeria Algiers Aïn Benian Hôtel Hammamet Alger Route nationale n°11, Grand Rocher, Ain Benian 16061, Algeria 16061 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Safir Alger 2 Rue Assellah Hocine, Alger Centre 16000 16000 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Samir Hotel 74 Rue Didouche Mourad, Alger Ctre, Algeria Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Albert Premier 5 Pasteur Ave, Alger Centre 16000 16000 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Hotel Suisse 06 rue Lieutenant Salah Boulhart, Rue Mohamed TOUILEB, Alger 16000, Algeria 16000 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Hotel Aurassi Hotel El-Aurassi, 1 Ave du Docteur Frantz Fanon, Alger Centre, Algeria Algeria Algiers Alger Centre ABC Hotel 18, Rue Abdelkader Remini Ex Dujonchay, Alger Centre 16000, Algeria 16000 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Space Telemly Hotel 01 Alger, Avenue YAHIA FERRADI, Alger Ctre, Algeria Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Hôtel ST 04, Rue MIKIDECHE MOULOUD ( Ex semar pierre ), 4, Alger Ctre 16000, Algeria 16000 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Dar El Ikram 24 Rue Nezzar Kbaili Aissa, Alger Centre 16000, Algeria 16000 Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Hotel Oran Center 44 Rue Larbi Ben M'hidi, Alger Ctre, Algeria Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Es-Safir Hotel Rue Asselah Hocine, Alger Ctre, Algeria Algeria Algiers Alger Centre Dar El Ikram 22 Rue Hocine BELADJEL, Algiers, Algeria Algeria Algiers Alger Centre
    [Show full text]
  • Banks in Lebanon
    932-933.qxd 14/01/2011 09:13 Õ Page 2 AL BAYAN BUSINESS GUIDE USEFUL NUMBERS Airport International Calls (100) Ports - Information (1) 628000-629065/6 Beirut (1) 580211/2/3/4/5/6 - 581400 - ADMINISTRATION (1) 629125/130 Internal Security Forces (112) Byblos (9) 540054 - Customs (1) 629160 Chika (6) 820101 National Defense (1701) (1702) Jounieh (9) 640038 Civil Defence (125) Saida (7) 752221 Tripoli (6) 600789 Complaints & Review (119) Ogero (1515) Tyr (7) 741596 Consumer Services Protection (1739) Police (160) Water Beirut (1) 386761/2 Red Cross (140) Dbaye (4) 542988- 543471 Electricity (145) (1707) Barouk (5) 554283 Telephone Repairs (113) Jounieh (9) 915055/6 Fire Department (175) Metn (1) 899416 Saida (7) 721271 General Security (1717) VAT (1710) Tripoli (6) 601276 Tyr (7) 740194 Information (120) Weather (1718) Zahle (8) 800235/722 ASSOCIATIONS, SYNDICATES & OTHER ORGANIZATIONS - MARBLE AND CEMENT (1)331220 KESRWAN (9)926135 BEIRUT - PAPER & PACKAGING (1)443106 NORTH METN (4)926072-920414 - PHARMACIES (1)425651-426041 - ACCOUNTANTS (1)616013/131- (3)366161 SOUTH METN (5)436766 - PLASTIC PRODUCERS (1)434126 - ACTORS (1)383407 - LAWYERS - PORT EMPLOYEES (1) 581284 - ADVERTISING (1)894545 - PRESS (1)865519-800351 ALEY (5)554278 - AUDITOR (1)322075 BAABDA (5)920616-924183 - ARTIST (1)383401 - R.D.C.L. (BUSINESSMEN) (1)320450 DAIR AL KAMAR (5)510244 - BANKS (1)970500 - READY WEAR (3)879707-(3)236999 - CARS DRIVERS (1)300448 - RESTAURANTS & CAFE (1)363040 JBEIL (9)541640 - CHEMICAL (1)499851/46 - TELEVISIONS (5)429740 JDEIDET EL METN (1)892548 - CONTRACTORS (5)454769 - TEXTILLES (5)450077-456151 JOUNIEH (9)915051-930750 - TOURISM JOURNALISTS (1)349251 - DENTISTS (1)611222/555 - SOCKS (9)906135 - TRADERS (1)347997-345735 - DOCTORS (1)610710 - TANNERS (9)911600 - ENGINEERS (1)850111 - TRADERS & IND.
    [Show full text]
  • Lebanon Fire Risk Bulletin
    Lebanon Fire Risk Bulletin Refer to cadast table condition. CIVILDEDEFENCE Please note that the indicated temperature is at 2 meters height from the ground. General description of potential fire risk situation Symbol Level of Meaning and actions risk Very Very low fire risk. Controlled burning operations can be hardly executed due to high fuel moisture content. Normally VL low wildfires self-extinguish. Low Low fire risk. Controlled burning operations can be executed with a reasonable degree of safety. L Medium Medium-low fire risk. Controlled burning operations can be executed in safety conditions. All the fires need to be ML low extinguished. Medium Medium fire risk. Controlled burning operations would be avoided. All the fires need to be very well extinguished. M Medium Controlled burning is not recommended. Open flame will start fires. Cured grasslands and forest litter will burn readily. Spread is moderate in forests and fast in exposed areas. Patrolling and monitoring is suggested. Fight fires M high with direct attack and all available resources. Ignition can occur easily with fast spread in grass, shrubs and forests. Fires will be very hot with crowning and short High to medium spotting. Direct attack on the head may not be possible requiring indirect methods on flanks. Patrolling H and monitoring the territory is highly suggested. Ignition can occur also from sparks. Fires will be extremely hot with fast rate of spread. Control may not be possible Extreme during day due to long range spotting and crowning. Suppression forces should limit efforts to limiting lateral spread. E Damage potential total. Patrolling and monitoring the territory is highly suggested.
    [Show full text]
  • Potable Water Supply
    CDR November 2013 Social Infrastructure 111 Potable Water Supply General overview of the sector technologies of water purification. By the end of the Lebanese war, potable water installations were To put up with such a difficult limited to half completed networks reality, the Lebanese government in main cities and smaller started in 1992 to act in several networks in the rest of the regions. fields: The inadequacy of this service 1) Execution of urgent began to show accompanied by the rehabilitation activities for aggravation of the underground existing equipments relative to and surface water pollution water sources and other problem as a result of random networks and pumping and wastewater infrastructure, thus purification stations, and threatening the environment and solving all existing or citizen’s health. upcoming problems. 2) Completion, expansion and The insufficient service of potable rehabilitation of networks water has many reasons, mainly: according to needs. 1) An increased demand of water 3) Development and increase in and the incapacity of existing water sources and limiting the networks water comedown and thus 2) Increase in water loss as a result increase nutrition average. of network deterioration 3) Absence of means to protect In other words, this sectoral action water from pollution (random plan aims at completing wastewater infrastructure, rehabilitation and expansion of industrial and agricultural potable water in all Lebanese pollutants…) regions and increase water sources 4) Insufficiency of consumption in to put an end to the deficit both water and wastewater expected and that through large sectors, i.e. scant investment projects like building dams and necessary to improve and mountain lakes.
    [Show full text]
  • Lebanon Roads and Employment Project Frequently Asked Questions
    Lebanon Roads and Employment Project Frequently Asked Questions 1. What is the Roads and Employment Project (REP)? The Lebanon Roads and Employment Project (REP) is a US$200 million project that aims to improve transport connectivity along select paved road sections and create short-term jobs for the Lebanese and Syrians. The REP was approved by the World Bank (WB) Board of Executive Directors in February 2017 and ratified by the Lebanese Parliament in October 2018. The Project is co-financed by a US$45.4 million grant contribution from the Global Concessional Financing Facility (GCFF) which provides concessional financing to middle income countries hosting large numbers of refugees at rates usually reserved for the poorest countries. The project is implemented by the Council for Development and Reconstruction (CDR) in coordination with the Ministry of Public Works and Transport (MPWT), noting that all the roads under the REP are under the jurisdiction of the MPWT. In response to the devastating impact of the economic and financial crisis and the COVID-19 pandemic on the agriculture sector and food security, the project was restructured in March 2021: a third objective was added and a US$10 million reallocation approved to provide direct support to farmers engaged in crop and livestock production (Please refer to questions # 18 to 26) 2. What are the Components of the Roads and Employment Project? The REP originally had three components. Following its restructuring in March 2021, a fourth component was added to address the impact of the
    [Show full text]
  • Mt Lebanon & the Chouf Mountains ﺟﺒﻞ ﻟﺒﻨﺎن وﺟﺒﺎل اﻟﺸﻮف
    © Lonely Planet 293 Mt Lebanon & the Chouf Mountains ﺟﺒﻞ ﻟﺒﻨﺎن وﺟﺒﺎل اﻟﺸﻮف Mt Lebanon, the traditional stronghold of the Maronites, is the heartland of modern Leba- non, comprising several distinct areas that together stretch out to form a rough oval around Beirut, each home to a host of treasures easily accessible on day trips from the capital. Directly to the east of Beirut, rising up into the mountains, are the Metn and Kesrouane districts. The Metn, closest to Beirut, is home to the relaxed, leafy summer-retreats of Brum- mana and Beit Mery, the latter host to a fabulous world-class winter festival. Further out, mountainous Kesrouane is a lunar landscape in summer and a skier’s paradise, with four resorts to choose from, during the snowy winter months. North from Beirut, the built-up coastal strip hides treasures sandwiched between concrete eyesores, from Jounieh’s dubiously hedonistic ‘super’ nightclubs and gambling pleasures to the beautiful ancient port town of Byblos, from which the modern alphabet is believed to have derived. Inland you’ll find the wild and rugged Adonis Valley and Jebel Tannourine, where the remote Afqa Grotto and Laklouk, yet another of Lebanon’s ski resorts, beckon travellers. To the south, the lush green Chouf Mountains, where springs and streams irrigate the region’s plentiful crops of olives, apples and grapes, are the traditional home of Lebanon’s Druze population. The mountains hold a cluster of delights, including one real and one not-so-real palace – Beiteddine and Moussa respectively – as well as the expansive Chouf THE CHOUF MOUNTAINS Cedar Reserve and Deir al-Qamar, one of the prettiest small towns in Lebanon.
    [Show full text]
  • Updated Master Plan for the Closure and Rehabilitation
    Empowered lives. Resilient nations. UPDATED MASTER PLAN FOR THE CLOSURE AND REHABILITATION OF UNCONTROLLED DUMPSITES THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY OF LEBANON Volume A JUNE 2017 Copyright © 2017 All rights reserved for United Nations Development Programme and the Ministry of Environment UNDP is the UN's global development network, advocating for change and connecting countries to knowledge, experience and resources to help people build a better life. We are on the ground in nearly 170 countries, working with them on their own solutions to global and national development challenges. As they develop local capacity, they draw on the people of UNDP and our wide range of partners. Disclaimer The contents of this document are the sole responsibility of its authors, and do not necessarily reect the opinion of the Ministry of Environment or the United Nations Development Programme, who will not accept any liability derived from its use. This study can be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Please give credit where it is due. UPDATED MASTER PLAN FOR THE CLOSURE AND REHABILITATION OF UNCONTROLLED DUMPSITES THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY OF LEBANON Volume A JUNE 2017 Consultant (This page has been intentionally left blank) UPDATED MASTER PLAN FOR THE CLOSURE AND REHABILITATION OF UNCONTROLLED DUMPSITES MOE-UNDP UPDATED MASTER PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents ....................................................................................................................................... v List of Tables ..............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Report-16.Pdf
    INJAZ ,_.u_ Lebanon INSPIRE ANNUAL REPORT 2010 Message from the Chairman The academic year 2009 - 2010 has proven to be both a fruitful and a successfu l year for INJA Z l ebanon. With yearning 10 provide economic opportunities 10 every student in l ebanon. we were able 10 reach 11.091 student s this year. Th rough nine years of operations and ha rd work. INJAZ l ebanon has accredited 42.586 students, a co nt inual growing number indica ting our exertion to pro mote and in crease eco no mic and financia l literacy in l ebanon. Thanks to the commitment of ou r trained volunteers, our staff and our significant partnershi ps. we were able to encourage our youth to believe in their potent ials and prepare them 10 enter the marketplace. Mr. Kamal Kal ra We had the privilege to work with new public and private schools in addition to several non -governmental organizations. We were approached by many new interested vo lu nteers an d we worked wi th new and sustainable pa rtners. the private sector and one of our greatest sup porters the Mi nistry of Education and Higher Education. I would like to thank our wonderful team. our staff, our pa rtners and especially all the volunteers lor their tremendous efforts exerted this past year to keep INJAZ l ebanon moving forward. 1 would like to thank all our Board of Directors members for their genuine support and for thei r great financia l. innovative and strategic contribution to the future of INJAZ Lebanon.
    [Show full text]
  • Harvesting of Non-Wood Forest Products
    JOINT FAO/ECE/ILO COMM TTEE ON FOREST TECHNOLOGY, MANAGEMENT AND TRAINING SEMINAR PROCEEDINGS HARVESTING OF NON-WOOD FOREST PRODUCTS Menemenizmir, Turkey 2-8 October 2000 0 0 0 ' 0 D DD. HARVESTING OF NON-WOOD FOREST PRODUCTS Menemenlzmir, Turkey 2-8 October 2000 Hosted by the Ministry of Forestry in Turkey in the International Agro-Hydrology Research and Training Center INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR EUROPE FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome, 2003 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination ofmaterial in this information product for educational or other non-commercialpurposes are authorized without any prior written permission from thecopyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction ofmaterial in this information product for resale or other commercialpurposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holders.Applications for such permission should be addressed to the Chief, PublishingManagement Service, Information Division, FAO, Viale delle Terme diCaracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy or by e-mail to [email protected] © FAO 2003 TABLE OF CONTENTS / TABLE DES MATIÈRES Page Foreword / Préface vii Report of the seminar Rapport du séminaire I Report of the seminar (in Russian) 21 Papers contributed to the seminar / Documents présentés au séminaire Medicinal and aromatic commercial native plants in the Eastern Black Sea region of Turkey / Plantes médicinales et aromatiques d'intérêt commercial indigènes de la région orientale de la mer Noire de la Turquie - (Messrs.
    [Show full text]