Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study SUBMITTED TO Kansas Department of Transportation Division of Aviation Prepared by

In association with

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION 1 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update ...... 1-1 1.1 Introduction ...... 1-1 1.1.1 Study Summary ...... 1-3 SECTION 2 Socioeconomic Overview of Kansas...... 2-1 2.1 Population ...... 2-1 2.2 Gross State Product and Industry Mix ...... 2-5 2.3 Employment ...... 2-6 2.4 Aviation-Related Employment ...... 2-8 2.5 Per Capita Personal Income ...... 2-9 2.6 Summary ...... 2-9 SECTION 3 Study Approach ...... 3-1 3.1 The Economic Modeling Process ...... 3-2 3.2 Data Requirements for the Economic Modeling Process ...... 3-5 3.3 Surveys, Data Collection Methods, and Model Assumptions ...... 3-7 3.3.1 On-Airport Activity (First Round Direct Impacts) ...... 3-7 3.4 Commercial Service Visitors (First Round Indirect Impacts) ...... 3-10 3.5 General Aviation Visitors (First Round Indirect Impacts) ...... 3-13 3.6 Study Multipliers (Second Round Impacts) ...... 3-16 SECTION 4 Employment, Payroll, and Output Impacts for Study Airports ...... 4-1 4.1 Employment Impacts ...... 4-1 4.1.1 Employment from On-Airport Activity ...... 4-2 4.1.2 Employment from Commercial Service Visitor Spending ...... 4-2 4.1.3 Employment from General Aviation Visitor Spending ...... 4-3 4.1.4 Total Employment ...... 4-4 4.2 Payroll Impacts ...... 4-4 4.2.1 Payroll from On-Airport Activity ...... 4-4 4.2.2 Payroll from Commercial Service Visitor Spending ...... 4-5

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4.2.3 Payroll from General Aviation Visitor Spending ...... 4-5 4.2.4 Total Annual Payroll ...... 4-6 4.3 Output Impacts ...... 4-6 4.3.1 Output from On-Airport Activity ...... 4-7 4.3.2 Output from Commercial Service Visitor Spending ...... 4-7 4.3.3 Output from General Aviation Visitor Spending ...... 4-8 4.3.4 Total Annual Output ...... 4-8 4.4 Summary ...... 4-9 SECTION 5 Additional Areas of Economic Benefit ...... 5-1 5.1 Hospital Use of Aviation ...... 5-1 5.1.1 Patient Transfers ...... 5-2 5.1.2 Specialty Clinics ...... 5-3 5.1.3 Air Cargo Uses ...... 5-4 5.2 Benefits from Agricultural Applicators...... 5-4 5.3 Off-Airport Aerospace Manufacturing Impacts ...... 5-7 5.4 Major Aerospace Manufacturers in Kansas ...... 5-9 5.5 Methodology for Estimating Impacts From Aerospace manufacturing in Kansas ...... 5-15 5.6 Economic Impacts ...... 5-17 5.6.1 Comparison to the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study...... 5-17 5.7 Value Added Benefits from Off-Airport Aviation Dependent Businesses...... 5-19 5.8 Qualitative Airport Benefits ...... 5-20 5.9 Economic Impact of Kansas City International Airport in Kansas ...... 5-21 5.9.1 Businesses at Kansas City International Airport ...... 5-23 5.9.2 Kansas City International Airport Impacts in Kansas ...... 5-23 SECTION 6 Economic Impact Summary ...... 6-1 Appendix A 6-1

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LIST OF TABLES Table 1-1 Economic Impacts of Aviation Activity in Kansas ...... 1-5 Table 1-2 Total Economic Impacts for Kansas NPIAS Airports ...... 1-9 Table 2-1 Kansas Gross State Product by Industry for 2015 ...... 2-6 Table 2-2 Kansas Employment by Industry for 2015 ...... 2-7 Table 3-1 Enplanements & Percent Visitors at Kansas Commercial Service Airports, 2015 ...... 3-11 Table 3-2 Kansas IMPLAN Multipliers by Economic Sector ...... 3-17 Table 4-1 Kansas On-Airport Activity Employment ...... 4-2 Table 4-2 Kansas Employment from Commercial Service Visitor Spending ...... 4-3 Table 4-3 Kansas Employment from General Aviation Visitor Spending ...... 4-3 Table 4-4 Kansas Airports Total Employment ...... 4-4 Table 4-5 Kansas On-Airport Activity Payroll ...... 4-5 Table 4-6 Kansas Annual Payroll from Commercial Service Visitor Spending ...... 4-5 Table 4-7 Kansas Annual Payroll from General Aviation Visitor Spending ...... 4-5 Table 4-8 Kansas Airports Total Annual Payroll ...... 4-6 Table 4-9 Kansas On-Airport Activity Output ...... 4-7 Table 4-10 Kansas Output from Commercial Service Visitor Spending ...... 4-7 Table 4-11 Kansas Output from General Aviation Visitor Spending ...... 4-8 Table 4-12 Kansas Airports Total Annual Output ...... 4-8 Table 4-13 Economic Impact Summary for Kansas NPIAS Airports ...... 4-9 Table 5-1 Aerial Applicator Benefits to Crops in Kansas, 2015 ...... 5-6 Table 5-2 Economic Impacts of Off-Airport Aerospace Manufacturing in Kansas ...... 5-17 Table 5-3 Off-Airport Aerospace Manufacturing in Kansas in 2010 and 2015 ...... 5-18 Table 5-4 Total Economic Impacts of Kansas City International Airport, 2014 ...... 5-24 Table 5-5 Total Economic Impacts of Kansas City International Airport, 2015 ...... 5-25 Table 5-6 Economic Impact of Kansas City International Airport in Kansas, 2015 ...... 5-26 Table 6-1 Economic Impact Summary for the NPIAS Airports in Kansas ...... 6-1 Table 6-2 Economic Impacts of Aviation Activity in Kansas ...... 6-2

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LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1-1 Kansas NPIAS Airports Included in Economic Impact Analysis ...... 1-4 Figure 2-1 Kansas Population Growth, 2005-2015 ...... 2-3 Figure 2-2 Kansas Population Growth Forecast, 2015-2025...... 2-4 Figure 5-1 Contribution to Total Output at Kansas’ NPIAS Airports ...... 5-8 Figure 6-1 Contribution of Aviation Economic Activity in Kansas ...... 6-3

SECTION 1 KANSAS AVIATION ECONOMIC IMPACT STUDY UPDATE

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Aviation is an integral part of the world’s economy. Countries with robust air transportation systems benefit from the efficiencies that air travel provides. The same is true in the U.S. at both the state and regional level – airports provide the necessary access to the national airspace system to help drive economies in those states. They do so by providing vital connections that enable businesses to function more capably, by allowing visitors to easily travel long distances, and by improving the quality of life for people, both directly and indirectly. In Kansas, air transportation is a key contributor to the state’s robust economy. As an update to the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study, the Kansas Department of Transportation’s (KDOTs) Division of Aviation completed the Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update in 2017 to measure the value airports and aviation-related activities bring to Kansas. The Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update not only shows how aviation provides quantitative benefits as an economic engine for Kansas, but also the qualitative benefits of air transportation.

Aircraft manufacturing is among the most notable of the positive impacts that aviation brings to Kansas. During the 1920’s, Wichita was one of the first cities in the U.S. to establish a commitment to aircraft manufacturing, which lead to the title “Air Capital of the United States.” Without the rich history of aircraft manufacturing in Kansas, the aviation industry would not be what it is today. Famous founding fathers of aircraft manufacturing, such as Walter Beech, Clyde Cessna, and Lloyd Stearman, all have historic ties to Kansas. This tradition continues today with companies like Textron

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Aviation and Bombardier Learjet operating aircraft plants in Wichita, which has become known as the “Air Capital of the World.”

Aviation provides positive benefits to the State of Kansas and its economy in numerous ways. Airports in Kansas are the gateway to the nation’s air transportation system and the world’s economy. Quality air transportation is essential for business development and retention. Companies rely on access to the national airspace system to move people and goods in a timely manner, which enhances the products and services they produce.

Air transportation benefits extend beyond the boundaries of the commercial service and general aviation airports – off-airport businesses in Kansas may be engaged in providing goods and services that support the aviation industry. Throughout Kansas, hundreds of businesses capitalize from increased efficiency and productivity from aviation. As a result, this study attempts to identify the economic benefits provided by these aviation- related companies. Estimates of the private sector economic activity supported by air transportation are identified in this report.

Aviation in Kansas also supports agriculture, tourism, emergency medical services, public safety, and the military. Airports increase medical care access to rural communities in Kansas by allowing doctors to make scheduled visits to local clinics where they can serve patients who are unable to travel to larger facilities. In some cases, aircraft used as patient transport provides much quicker access to more elaborate facilities when emergent care is unavailable locally. Kansas airports also support agricultural spray operations for businesses specializing in weed or pest control. Furthermore, airports increase the quality of life for all citizens in Kansas even if they never use an airport directly. Through simple things such as package delivery and the ability to visit family and friends, aviation in Kansas helps promote safer, healthier, and more productive lives.

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1.1.1 Study Summary Whereas the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study included all of the state’s public-use airports, the 2017 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update estimates the economic impacts of only the state’s 80 public-use airports included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems (NPIAS).1 Kansas’ NPIAS airports provide access to the national airspace system to support the air travel needs of the state’s residents, businesses, and visitors, acting as economic engines for regional economies. Figure 1-1 provides the location of each of these airports.

This report highlights the important economic contributions that Kansas realizes from its NPIAS airports by quantifying employment, payroll, and total economic activity associated with these airports. The analysis presented in this report evaluates the annual economic impacts resulting from on-airport business and government agency activities, on-airport construction, and expenditures from visitors who arrive via commercial and general aviation aircraft. It should be noted that these estimates of economic activity do not equal the value of an airport’s infrastructure. It is also important to note that an economic impact study provides a “snapshot in time” with respect to airport operations and economic

conditions. The data collection process, economic modeling, and the state of the economy for this study update are all specifically related to 2015.

In addition to calculating the employment, payroll, and economic activity generated by Kansas’ NPIAS airports, this study attempts to capture benefits contributed by hospital use, aerial agricultural application, off-airport aerospace manufacturing, value added benefits from off-airport aviation dependent businesses, qualitative airport benefits, and the state of Kansas’ share of benefits stemming from Kansas City International Airport. Lastly, some benefits, such as qualitative airport benefits, are difficult to measure monetarily and described in qualitative terms in this analysis.

1 The 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study included 140 public-use airports in the analysis. There are currently 137 public-use airports in Kansas, 80 of which are included in the NPIAS.

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Figure 1-1 Kansas NPIAS Airports Included in Economic Impact Analysis

Source: CDM Smith

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Table 1-1 reviews all economic benefits of aviation activity in Kansas that are assigned a dollar value in this study, and summarized as follows:

 Supported nearly 91,300 jobs  Generated more than $4.4 billion in annual payroll  Produced nearly $20.6 billion in annual economic output

Table 1-1 Economic Impacts of Aviation Activity in Kansas First Round Second Round Total Impacts Impacts Impacts EMPLOYMENT

Off-Airport Aerospace Manufacturing 18,610 23,538 42,148

Kansas NPIAS Airports 16,161 17,832 33,993

Kansas City International Airport Impacts in Kansas 8,560 6,578 15,138 Aerial Applicator Value to Kansas Agriculture (Note 1) N/A N/A N/A

Total 43,331 47,948 91,279 PAYROLL Off-Airport Aerospace Manufacturing $1,172,099,400 $932,261,100 $2,104,360,500 Kansas NPIAS Airports $1,042,017,800 $806,798,000 $1,848,815,800 Kansas City International Airport Impacts in Kansas (Note 2) $216,000,000 $246,000,000 $462,000,000 Aerial Applicator Value to Kansas Agriculture (Note 1) N/A N/A N/A Total $2,430,117,200 $1,985,059,100 $4,415,176,300 OUTPUT Off-Airport Aerospace Manufacturing $6,622,891,700 $2,846,686,400 $9,469,578,100 Kansas NPIAS Airports $5,000,314,400 $4,032,801,500 $9,033,115,900 Kansas City International Airport Impacts in Kansas (Note 2) $777,000,000 $824,000,000 $1,601,000,000 Aerial Applicator Value to Kansas Agriculture (Note 1) N/A N/A $490,461,000 Total $12,400,206,100 $7,703,487,900 $20,594,155,000 Source: CDM Smith and IMPLAN Multipliers

Note 1: This study only estimated the total value of agriculture that aerial application preserved or enhanced in Kansas. No employment, payroll, first round output, or second round output impacts were estimated.

Note 2: The share of economic impacts from Kansas City International that benefit the state of Kansas are based on Economic Impact of Kansas City International Airport FY 2014, prepared by Unison Consulting, which used rounded figures.

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Further details of the categories of economic benefits examined in this study (not all of which are included in Table 1-1) are provided below.

Off-Airport Aerospace Manufacturing: Kansas has a substantial number of off-airport businesses that perform subassembly and parts manufacturing that support aerospace manufacturing in the state. This analysis estimated the extent of the economic impact of this off-airport segment of the aviation industry. In 2015, these businesses:

 Supported more than 42,000 total jobs  Generated more than $2.1 billion in total annual payroll  Produced nearly $9.5 billion in total annual economic output

Kansas NPIAS Airports: A total of 80 NPIAS airports in Kansas were analyzed in this study, which consists of seven commercial service airports and 73 general aviation airports. KDOT’s Division of Aviation implemented this study update to quantify the economic impacts of the NPIAS airports at the state and local level. Economic activity from aviation yielded substantial economic impact in 2015:

 Supported approximately 34,000 total jobs  Generated more than $1.8 billion in total annual payroll  Produced more than $9.0 billion in total annual economic output

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Kansas City International (MCI) Airport: Although MCI Airport is located in Missouri, its proximity to Kansas directly influences economic impacts for Kansas residents as well as brings visitors to the state. This analysis estimates that in 2015, MCI provided the following benefits to Kansas:

 Supported more than 15,000 total jobs  Generated approximately $462.0 million in total annual payroll  Produced more than $1.6 billion in total annual economic output

Agricultural Application: This study evaluated the economic benefit provided by agricultural applicators. The estimate considered the value of aerial applicators applying fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides to Kansas’ seven major crops, which include alfalfa/hay, corn, cotton, sorghum, soybeans, sunflowers, and wheat. It is estimated that in 2015, aerial applicators contributed approximately $490.5 million to the economy.

Medical Operations: Another important function of Kansas’ NPIAS airports is to provide access to the state’s network of hospitals. Many hospitals depend on the speed and efficiency provided by aviation to transport critically ill or emergent care patients, deliver medical supplies, organ tissue, or transport healthcare workers. This analysis examines how hospitals throughout Kansas utilize and value access to local airports and helipads.

Value Added Benefits from Off-Airport Businesses: Many non-aviation businesses in Kansas depend on airports to efficiently transport personnel, equipment, and products. Some businesses own or lease aircraft, while many send employees via commercial airlines, to reach customers or suppliers. These businesses benefit from Kansas’ airports even though they are not located on-airport. This analysis examines the value-added benefits to off-airport businesses.

Qualitative Airport Benefits: In addition to employment, payroll and economic activity that the NPIAS airports provide, there are a wide variety of activities that take place at the airport on a regular basis that add value to the quality of life of local and regional residents. As a result, this study highlights some of the airport benefits that are not easily quantified.

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Other key findings from this study:

 The total economic impacts estimated for the NPIAS airports in this analysis represent an increase of approximately 700 total jobs, $137.0 million in total annual payroll, and more than $1.3 billion in total annual output compared to the impacts estimated for the NPIAS airports in the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study.  Aerospace manufacturing accounts for the majority of aviation related economic activity at the NPIAS airports, with 77 percent of total output.  Aviation’s total economic output and associated expenditures (more than $9.0 billion) from the NPIAS airports and visitors who arrive by air totaled 6.1 percent of the state’s 2015 estimated gross state product ($149.6 billion).  In 2015, an estimated 34,000 jobs in Kansas were directly or indirectly impacted from aviation activities occurring at the NPIAS airports, while an estimated that 1.8 percent of the 1.8 million jobs in the state were tied to activities at those airports.  More than 631,000 visitors used the NPIAS airports to travel to Kansas in 2015, with the majority arriving through the seven commercial service airports in the state.  Kansas’ NPIAS airports provide vital business links and support critical services such as medical care, agriculture, fire fighting, search and rescue, law enforcement, military exercises, and aerial surveying.

The total employment, payroll, and output for the 80 NPIAS airports are presented in Table 1-2. These economic benefits include impacts from on-airport businesses and government agencies, visitor expenditures using commercial airlines and general aviation, and the induced impacts resulting from the recirculation of money spent by all of the aforementioned activities. A more detailed breakout of this information can be found in Appendix A.

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Table 1-2 Total Economic Impacts for Kansas NPIAS Airports Total Total Total Associated City Airport Employment Payroll Output Commercial Service Airports Dodge City Dodge City Regional 174 $6,745,000 $30,418,200 Garden City Garden City Regional 232 $8,692,600 $36,295,900 Hays Hays Regional 170 $4,192,400 $17,976,900 Liberal Liberal Mid-America Regional 237 $7,711,500 $38,023,000 Manhattan Manhattan Regional 494 $14,263,400 $56,008,200 Salina Salina Regional 640 $26,034,500 $90,443,800 Wichita Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National 20,583 $1,206,733,800 $4,978,579,200 Commercial Service Airports Total 22,530 $1,274,373,200 $5,247,745,200

General Aviation Airports Abilene Abilene Municipal 30 $895,200 $2,642,800 Anthony Anthony Municipal 1 $39,700 $246,500 Atchison Amelia Earhart Memorial 9 $224,000 $887,500 Atwood Atwood-Rawlins County City-County 34 $966,200 $10,295,500 Augusta Augusta Municipal 283 $13,090,200 $60,253,800 Belleville Belleville Municipal 3 $121,200 $1,130,300 Beloit Moritz Memorial 17 $470,200 $2,213,400 Burlington Burlington-Coffey County 26 $1,006,900 $6,456,500 Chanute Chanute - Martin Johnson 20 $699,000 $2,905,400 Cimarron Cimarron Municipal <1 $2,100 $18,200 Clay Center Clay Center Municipal 22 $843,300 $4,076,100 Coffeyville Coffeyville Municipal 11 $202,700 $874,300 Colby Shalz Field 20 $631,300 $5,318,400 Concordia Blosser Municipal 7 $206,200 $656,100 El Dorado El Dorado/Capt. Jack Thomas Memorial 22 $879,400 $6,115,400 Elkhart Elkhart-Morton County 6 $190,100 $1,702,500 Ellsworth Ellsworth Municipal 5 $186,700 $1,543,900 Emporia Emporia Municipal 55 $2,324,000 $10,328,500 Eureka Lt. William M. Milliken 8 $294,300 $1,148,700 Fort Scott Fort Scott Municipal 16 $620,700 $3,472,100 Gardner Gardner Municipal 6 $212,200 $677,300 Garnett Garnett Industrial 8 $216,700 $905,100 Goodland Renner Field - Goodland Municipal 128 $4,415,300 $24,320,500 Great Bend Great Bend Municipal 137 $4,701,800 $18,128,400 Herington Herington Regional 9 $229,200 $1,789,400 Hill City Hill City Municipal 17 $426,600 $2,509,400 Hugoton Hugoton Municipal 22 $649,600 $4,358,100 Hutchinson Hutchinson Municipal 155 $4,928,800 $18,365,300 Independence Independence Municipal 2,142 $103,305,800 $751,852,500 Iola Allen County 5 $162,600 $767,700 Johnson Stanton County Municipal 28 $777,500 $6,400,100 Junction City Freeman Field 44 $2,637,400 $12,025,300 Kingman Kingman - Clyde Cessna Field 9 $282,600 $1,057,400 Lakin Kearny County 12 $500,400 $2,003,200

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Table 1-2 Total Economic Impacts for Kansas NPIAS Airports Total Total Total Associated City Airport Employment Payroll Output Larned Larned - Pawnee County 17 $596,200 $5,634,600 Lawrence Lawrence Municipal 97 $4,012,800 $13,300,200 Leoti Mark Hoard Memorial 11 $371,600 $3,576,900 Lyons Lyons - Rice County Municipal 24 $670,700 $4,265,600 Marysville Marysville Municipal 8 $367,400 $1,104,700 McPherson McPherson 33 $860,000 $2,822,500 Meade Meade Municipal 4 $146,300 $1,288,100 Medicine Lodge Medicine Lodge 1 $17,600 $117,000 Ness City Ness City Memorial <1 $4,200 $10,700 Newton Newton City/County 781 $28,284,400 $152,784,900 Norton Norton Municipal 12 $298,700 $3,002,200 Oakley Oakley Municipal 26 $815,200 $5,877,200 Oberlin Oberlin Municipal 19 $398,600 $2,370,000 Olathe Johnson County Executive 421 $11,489,400 $51,912,400 Olathe New Century AirCenter 728 $34,122,800 $160,265,000 Osage City Osage City Municipal 46 $2,372,500 $9,393,300 Oswego Oswego Municipal 6 $254,200 $1,754,400 Ottawa Ottawa Municipal 34 $1,424,800 $5,863,700 Paola Miami County 29 $1,086,300 $4,299,100 Parsons Tri-City 11 $243,800 $1,392,400 Phillipsburg Phillipsburg Municipal 18 $692,800 $5,105,300 Pittsburg Atkinson Municipal 47 $1,709,100 $8,945,200 Pratt Pratt Regional 49 $1,417,800 $7,260,600 Russell Russell Municipal 6 $179,900 $1,557,900 Sabetha Sabetha Municipal 2 $39,600 $156,100 Satanta Satanta Municipal 29 $1,071,700 $10,598,800 Scott City Scott City Municipal 17 $672,700 $4,760,700 Smith Center Smith Center Municipal 10 $312,300 $2,655,400 St. Francis St. Francis-Cheyenne County 18 $360,500 $2,073,900 Stockton Rooks County Regional 18 $499,400 $3,518,400 Syracuse Syracuse - Hamilton County Municipal 19 $587,000 $4,481,300 Topeka Philip Billard Municipal 201 $8,365,800 $20,248,700 Topeka Topeka Regional 1,774 $77,620,800 $162,994,700 Tribune Tribune Municipal 8 $622,400 $2,666,600 Ulysses Ulysses 36 $1,186,500 $6,659,300 WaKeeney Trego WaKeeney 18 $516,400 $4,779,200 Wellington Wellington Municipal 972 $48,035,800 $197,418,700 Wichita Col. James Jabara 1,053 $40,884,800 $156,315,600 Winfield Strother Field 1,543 $154,489,900 $1,784,693,800 General Aviation Airports Total 11,463 $574,442,600 $3,785,370,700

All Airports Total 33,993 $1,848,815,800 $9,033,115,900 Source: CDM Smith and IMPLAN Multipliers

SECTION 2 SOCIOECONOMIC OVERVIEW OF KANSAS

The demand for aviation services in Kansas has a significant effect on the employment, payroll, and output impacts of the state’s airports measured in this study. As population, employment, and income levels rise in the state, there is a direct correlation to demand for airline travel, air cargo shipments, recreational flying, and other aviation-related activities. This section reviews Kansas’ general socioeconomic characteristics of population, gross state product and industry mix, employment, and personal income.

2.1 POPULATION

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the population of Kansas was 2.7 million people in 2005. Population increased to over 2.8 million by 2010, representing an average annual growth rate of approximately 0.8 percent. From 2010 to 2015, the average annual growth rate was 0.5 percent as the estimated population of Kansas grew to more than 2.9 million, making the state the 34th most populated state in the nation. From 2005 to 2015, Kansas experienced an average annual growth rate of 0.6 percent. By comparison, U.S. population grew 0.8 percent annually during the same period. Kansas has seen slow but steady population growth since 2005, and ranked 32nd in the U.S. in total population growth during the 2005 to 2015 period.2

When examining Kansas’ population growth at the county level during the 2005 to 2015, a trend of “rural flight” is observed. This pattern of migration from rural to urban areas explains how Kansas’ population grew from 2005 to 2015 with only 35 of the state’s 105 counties experiencing growth. Of those 35 counties, 11 experienced an average annual growth rate greater than or

2 Ranking includes Washington, D.C.

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equal to the statewide rate of 0.6 percent. With a growth rate of 3.4 percent annually, Geary County experienced the most rapid growth during this period. Since 2005, Pottawatomie, Riley and Johnson Counties also experienced relatively rapid annual growth with 1.8 percent, 1.7 percent and 1.5 percent, respectively. Figure 2-1 illustrates population growth rates for Kansas by county from 2005 to 2015.

According to U.S. Census data, projections of population growth experienced during the 2005 to 2015 period will continue. Overall, Kansas is expected to experience a 6.9 percent population increase by 2025. However, forecasts indicate a population decrease at 62 of the 105 counties in the state. Of the remaining counties, population is forecast to increase an average annual growth rate greater than or equal to the projected statewide average annual growth rate of 0.7 percent. Johnson County is projected to continue to experience the fastest growth, followed by Pottawatomie, Douglas, and Riley Counties. Johnson County is also forecast to reach a population of nearly 702,000 by 2025, remaining the most populous county in the state. Figure 2-1 shows forecast population growth rate by county from 2015 to 2025.

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Figure 2-1 Kansas Population Growth, 2005-2015

Source: CDM Smith, 2016

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Figure 2-2 Kansas Population Growth Forecast, 2015-2025

Source: CDM Smith, 2016

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2.2 GROSS STATE PRODUCT AND INDUSTRY MIX

The Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) defines gross domestic product (GDP) as the market value of all final goods and services produced in the U.S. within a particular period of time, and is regarded as the most comprehensive and closely watched measure of economic activity. On a regional level, BEA uses the gross state product (GSP) to quantify the market value of all final goods and services produced within a state during that same period.

In 2015, Kansas GSP was $149.6 billion and ranked 31st in the United States. This was an increase of 3.3 percent annually from $104.9 billion in 2005, which outpaced the nation’s 3.2 percent annual growth in GDP during the same period. As shown in Table 2-1, Kansas has a diverse economy that relies on input from many different industry sectors that contribute to the overall GSP. The largest industry in Kansas was finance/insurance/real estate/rental/leasing, which accounted for 16.7 percent of the Kansas GSP. The second largest industry was manufacturing at 14.0 percent, led by the durable goods market with 7.7 percent. The third was Government, accounting for 13.9 percent of the Kansas GSP.

As identified later in this study, aviation has a significant impact on the Kansas economy; however, it is a byproduct of several industry

sectors. Its contributions provide positive impacts across several recognized sectors, including Transportation and Durable Goods. Despite a decline in recent years, aerospace remains a major contributor to the productivity of durable goods due to several major aircraft manufacturing facilities in Kansas, such as Spirit AeroSystems, Textron Aviation and Bombardier Learjet along with their respective suppliers. It is also important to note that the mining industry has a significant presence in Kansas, as the state ranked 10th in the United States in crude oil production in 2015.3

3 U.S. Energy Information Administration

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Table 2-1 Kansas Gross State Product by Industry for 2015 Gross State Product Industry (in millions) Percent Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, and Hunting $5,131 3.4% Mining $1,529 1.0% Utilities $2,446 1.6% Construction $6,139 4.1% Manufacturing $20,939 14.0% Wholesale Trade $10,143 6.8% Retail Trade $9,639 6.4% Transportation and Warehousing $5,322 3.6% Information $5,672 3.8% Finance and Insurance $8,437 5.6% Real Estate, Rental, and Leasing $16,497 11.3% Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services $7,942 5.3% Management of Companies and Enterprises $4,017 2.7% Administrative and Waste Management Services $4,889 3.3% Educational Services $934 0.6% Health Care and Social Assistance $11,342 7.6% Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation $886 0.6% Accommodation and Food Services $3,760 2.5% Other Services, Except Public Administration $3,096 2.1% Government $20,853 13.9% All Industry Total $149,642 100.0% Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, December 7, 2016

2.3 EMPLOYMENT

The civilian non-farm workforce in Kansas accounted for more than 1.8 million workers in 2015, which is a 0.8 percent annual increase from the nearly 1.7 million workers identified in 2005. In 2015, approximately 326,000, or 18.0 percent of the workforce, were employed in trade, transportation, or utilities industries. Another 295,000 workers, or 16.0 percent of the workforce, worked in government, while over 241,000 workers, or 13.0 percent of the workforce, were employed in the professional and business services industries. The healthcare and social assistance sector employed approximately 200,000 workers, or 10.8 percent of the workforce.

Between 2005 and 2015, Kansas experienced employment growth in most of the major industry sectors despite the economic recession that officially began in December 2007 and continued

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through June 2009. Mining, driven largely by oil and gas extraction, was the second fastest growing industry sector with an average annual growth rate of 8.4 percent. Information was the most rapidly shrinking industry during the period, losing 5.2 percent of its workforce annually. Total Kansas employment (including farm workers) grew at an average annual rate of 0.8 percent between 2005 and 2015. By comparison, U.S. employment grew at a rate of 1.0 percent annually during this period. More recently, the statewide unemployment rate decreased to 3.7 percent in May 2016 from 4.2 percent in May 2015, indicating further employment growth in 2015. Considering recent labor market indications, long-term labor demands indicate continued employment growth as Kansas remains a relatively diversified economy.4 Table 2-2 presents employment in Kansas categorized by industry for the year 2015.

Table 2-2 Kansas Employment by Industry for 2015 Industry Employment Percent Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, and Hunting 10,934 0.6% Mining 43,568 2.4% Utilities 6,979 0.4% Construction 92,954 5.0% Durable Goods Manufacturing 102,237 5.5% Nondurable Goods Manufacturing 66,160 3.6% Wholesale Trade 68,099 3.7% Retail Trade 189,471 10.2% Transportation and Warehousing 61,277 3.3% Information 25,694 1.4% Finance and Insurance 98,902 5.3% Real Estate, Rental, and Leasing 67,424 3.6% Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services 105,663 5.7% Management of Companies and Enterprises 29,599 1.6% Administrative and Waste Management Services 105,933 5.7% Educational Services 29,876 1.6% Health Care and Social Assistance 200,020 10.8% Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 32,270 1.7% Accommodation and Food Services 119,288 6.5% Other Services, Except Public Administration 97,408 5.3% Government 295,218 16.0% All Industry Total 1,848,974 100.0% Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

4 U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Woods & Poole

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2.4 AVIATION-RELATED EMPLOYMENT

Kansas has a rich heritage in aircraft manufacturing, and remains a major contributor to the state’s economy despite significant volatility in recent years. According to the GAMA-commissioned study, Contribution of General Aviation to the US Economy in 2013, conducted by PricewaterhouseCooopers, Kansas ranks first in total economic output and total number of jobs supported by general aviation as a share of statewide employment. Kansas also ranks first in terms of general aviation’s total GSP impact per capita and sixth in terms of total jobs attributable to general aviation.5

Kansas is also home to two of the world’s largest general aviation aircraft manufacturers, Beechcraft and Cessna, both of whom are subsidiaries of Textron Aviation. Textron owns and supports parts production for the recently discontinued line of Hawker jets.6 In 2015, Textron Aviation employed more than 9,000 workers in Kansas, with the majority based in Wichita. Beechcraft employs approximately 2,900 of this total.7 Spirit AeroSystems, also based in Wichita, is the world’s largest first-tier aero structures manufacturer, supplying fuselage and wing structures to aircraft manufacturers around the world. Boeing and Airbus are two of Spirit’s largest customers, producing major components for the Boeing 737 and 787 aircraft lines as well as for the Airbus A350. Spirit AeroSystems employed approximately 11,000 people in Wichita in 2015.8

5 Ibid. 6 http://aviationweek.com/advanced-machines-aerospace-manufacturing/year-after-beechcraft- acquisition-textron-aviation-isn-t-s 7 http://www.kansas.com/news/business/aviation/article39286203.html 8 http://www.kansas.com/news/business/aviation/article54185925.html

Socioeconomic Overview of Kansas 2-9

2.5 PER CAPITA PERSONAL INCOME

Based on the assumption that an individual’s purchasing power increases as their income level rises, personal income can be an indicator of how much people spend on the consumption of goods and services, including aviation. Per capita personal income for Kansas was approximately $32,268 in 2005, and grew to $47,161 in 2015. The change in this figure represents an average annual growth rate of 3.9 percent. By comparison, per capita personal income for the United States as a whole grew from $35,904 to $48,112 during the same period, for a 3.3 percent average annual growth rate. Accordingly, Kansas ranks 24th in the nation in terms of per capita personal income, which is slightly below the national average of $47,376. 9

2.6 SUMMARY

Socioeconomic factors such as population, employment, and income are inherently linked to the demand for aviation services. Positive socioeconomic trends generally lead to increased demand for aviation services, while increased demand for aviation services generally contributes to positive socioeconomic growth. As presented above, Kansas’ population has grown 0.6 percent annually between 2005 and 2015, trailing the U.S. population annual growth rate of 0.8 percent during the same period. Kansas’ population continued to shift from rural to urban as only 35 of 105 counties experienced population growth, with this trend expecting to continue into the next decade. Kansas GSP grew by 3.3 percent annually between 2005 and 2015, outpacing U.S. GDP by one-tenth of a percent and ranking Kansas as the 31st fastest growing GSP. The largest GSP industry sectors in Kansas are government, real estate, and durable goods manufacturing. Employment in Kansas also increased at a rate of 0.8 percent annually from 2005 to 2015 while the fastest growing industry by employment was oil and gas extraction, which grew by 8.4 percent annually during this same period. By comparison, U.S. employment rate only grew 1.0 percent annually during this period. Lastly, per capita personal income in Kansas rose by 3.9 percent annually between 2005 and 2015.

9 Ranking includes Washington, D.C.

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SECTION 3 STUDY APPROACH

As stated at the outset of this report, the purpose of the 2017 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update is to measure the value airports and aviation –related activities bring to the state and local communities. These activities include on-airport businesses and government agencies, airport construction and capital improvements, aviation visitor spending, and associated multiplier impacts. To produce these results, this study employs a proven methodology of surveying and economic modeling that is approved by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).

The total economic impact of the state’s 80 NPIAS airports is quantified in terms of employment, payroll, and output. Economic output represents total expenditures or economic activity, and accounts for the total value of aviation-related activities supported by the airports in this study. This section describes the methodology used to estimate the economic impacts of the NPIAS airports in terms of the following three aviation-dependent groups:

 Airport operations and on-airport activities, including activities by on-airport businesses and government agencies  Visitors traveling to Kansas via commercial airlines  Visitors traveling to and within Kansas via general aviation aircraft

A significant percentage of the total economic impact of Kansas’ airports is related to airport operations and on-airport activities, as well as the spending by commercial service and general aviation (GA) visitors. It is also important to note the substantial contributions from other aviation-related activities to Kansas’ economy.

For example, many hospitals make routine use of aviation to provide health services such as patient transfer and emergency evacuation. Hospitals in Kansas were surveyed to measure the economic benefits of these activities. Additional benefits are gained from commercial agricultural producers who utilize aviation to increase efficiency in operations through aerial applicators to apply pesticides, fertilizer or seed when ground based systems are limited by weather conditions. Lastly, many non- aviation businesses rely on aviation for everyday operations. In order to document their use, a survey

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was sent to non-aviation businesses who have a propensity to use aviation in order to capture these important impacts. Methodologies for estimating these impacts are detailed in the following sections.

3.1 THE ECONOMIC MODELING PROCESS

The Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update uses an input-output model to estimate the economic impacts of Kansas’ 80 NPIAS airports. This input-output model assesses various economic impacts, such as those associated with on-airport activities, commercial service visitors, and general aviation visitors arriving at the airports. Economic impacts are discussed as follows:

First Second Total Round Round Impact Impacts Impacts

First Round Impacts: These impacts include both direct and indirect impacts, and measure establish where on-airport activity (direct impacts) and visitor spending (indirect impacts) first begins circulating through the economy.

 Direct Impacts: are benefits associated with businesses and government agencies located at the airport, and directly related to the provision of aviation services. Direct impacts include employment, payroll, and spending from businesses such as fixed base operators (FBOs), flight

Study Approach 3-3

schools, aircraft repair facilities, and on-airport government entities, including airport management and operations staff. Capital expenditures from these businesses and government entities are considered direct impacts.  Indirect Impacts: result from the spending of Kansas visitors that arrive via air travel (both scheduled commercial service and GA), but generally occur at off-airport locations. Visitor expenditures support employment and payroll in service-related industries such as lodging, food and beverage, retail, and entertainment. However, on-airport visitor spending is included in the impacts of the on-airport businesses.

Second Round Impacts: Secondary, or induced, impacts are the economic benefits that result from the recirculation of dollars from direct and indirect impacts within the economy, any typically referred to as the multiplier effect. For example, as airport employees spend their salary for housing, food, and services, portions of these dollars circulate through the economy resulting in increased spending, payroll, and employment throughout Kansas. Over time, as these dollars continue to circulate, its impact lessens as the dollars leave the community. The economic model uses parameters specific to Kansas to estimate the leakage effect associated with these second round impacts.

Total Impacts: Total impacts are the sum of all first round (direct and indirect) and second round (induced) economic activities attributable to an airport or the system of airports. First round impacts are measured through surveys of businesses, government agencies, and visitors. Second round impacts are more difficult to estimate, therefore, it becomes necessary to use a reliable method for economic modeling.

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To estimate second round impacts, including the multiplier effect and induced impacts, this study employs the Impact Analysis for Planning (IMPLAN) input-output model. IMPLAN utilizes a linear model that estimates purchases and sales between hundreds of sectors of the economy. The IMPLAN modeling process was initially developed by the U.S. Forest Service, along with several other government agencies, to generate regional non-survey input-output models for regions as small as a single county. IMPLAN is considered one of the leading econometric models currently available for estimating the total economic impact of an industry and has been used to estimate economic impacts for individual airports and systems of airports throughout the country.

The IMPLAN model utilizes a comprehensive economic database to generate input-output tables containing data relating different sectors of the economy to each other. The model includes data from sources such as Dun and Bradstreet, the U.S. Department of Commerce, and the U.S. Census Bureau. IMPLAN multipliers and data tables specific to Kansas’ industrial sectors were obtained from IMPLAN Group, LLC, the company responsible for providing the data and software to run an IMPLAN model, and used in this analysis. The IMPLAN model used for this study required direct and indirect impact estimates for the following three separate components of Kansas’ economy:

Employment: Employment is based on full-time equivalent (FTE) jobs, which is a sum of full- time jobs and part-time jobs. In this analysis, two part-time positions are the equivalent of one single full-time position. In addition, data on seasonal employment was gathered from airports and tenants. A seasonal job was considered half of a year-round job. For example, two seasonal full-time jobs or four seasonal part-time jobs equal one FTE job.

Payroll: Payroll represents the annual salary, wages, and benefits paid to all employees.

Economic Output (Spending): For most on-airport activities, output is assumed to be the sum of annual gross sales and average annual capital expenditures. While this assumption works well for profit-oriented businesses, modifications are required for organizations that do not generate sales such as government agencies or corporate flight departments. In order to estimate the impact of these important entities, output is assumed to be the sum of payroll, operating expenditures and average annual capital improvement outlays. While

Study Approach 3-5

airlines do generate sales, ticket revenue is usually transferred outside the area being modeled. As a result, it is difficult to assign that revenue to specific airports, so airlines are treated in a manner similar to organizations that do not generate sales. For visitors using an airport, output is assumed to equal visitor spending.

It is important to note that payroll and output cannot be combined because elements of economic benefit related to payroll are also contained, to some extent, in the output estimate. Each of the three impact components (employment, payroll, and output) stands alone as a measure of an airport’s or the airport system’s total economic impact.

3.2 DATA REQUIREMENTS FOR THE ECONOMIC MODELING PROCESS

The economic modeling process used in this study requires various data that serve as inputs to the IMPLAN model, resulting in an estimate of total economic impacts. Data for the following groups were required to estimate first round impacts:

On-Airport Operations: This group includes airport tenants and government agencies that employ at least one person. Airport tenants include FBOs, airlines, corporate flight departments, flight schools, aircraft maintenance providers, and concessionaires. Government agencies include public airport sponsors, the FAA, and the Transportation Security Administration (TSA), as well as various other federal and state agencies.

Construction Impacts: Each year, airport sponsors complete various capital improvement projects (CIP), such as pavement construction or maintenance of

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runways, taxiways and parking aprons. Other projects may include lighting, navigational aids, or terminal improvements. In addition, on-airport businesses and government agencies may complete their own CIPs. These projects typically employ people in jobs such as construction, architecture, engineering, and consulting. For this analysis, construction impacts are included in the direct impact category.

Commercial Service Visitors: This group consists of estimated visiting passengers (those deemed not local residents) arriving in Kansas via commercial airlines. Average visitor spending was estimated from the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study and compared to the consultant’s in-house database of visitor spending at commercial service airports throughout the United States.

General Aviation Visitors: Impacts from general aviation visitors are produced by non- local passengers arriving via non- scheduled, general aviation aircraft such as business or private aircraft. General aviation visitors comprise the portion of each airport’s general aviation operations that originate or terminate a distance greater than 25 miles from the airport are defined as itinerant operations. Some itinerant operations are attributable to local residents who fly to distant locations and return to their home airport. The remaining itinerant operations are attributed to visitors. Itinerant operations performed by visitors are considered true transient operations. Impacts for this group were estimated using survey data from pilots and passengers visiting airports across Kansas, general aviation visitor data from the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study, and CDM Smith’s in-house database.

First round (direct and indirect) economic impacts presented in this report were estimated primarily through surveys undertaken specifically to support this study. IMPLAN multipliers were then applied to first round impacts to estimate subsequent second round economic impacts.

Study Approach 3-7

3.3 SURVEYS, DATA COLLECTION METHODS, AND MODEL ASSUMPTIONS

The IMPLAN economic modeling process requires an extensive data collection effort to ensure the most accurate first round impacts. Data collection methods for each group considered as part of the first round impacts are discussed in the following sections as well as assumptions used to calculate the first round impacts.

3.3.1 On-Airport Activity (First Round Direct Impacts) First round impacts from on-airport activities were collected through an extensive surveying effort. Airport Management Surveys were collected from Airport sponsors that identified on-airport business tenants. On-airport tenants identified as having aviation-related employees were sent an Airport Tenant Survey to collect information regarding their specific economic activity. Since the purpose of this study is to measure the economic impacts of each Kansas NPIAS airport, a distinction was made between tenants who need to be located at the airport to conduct business and those who are able to conduct their business at an off-airport location. For example, an insurance business located on an airport would not be designated as aviation-related since an insurance business typically does not need an airport to operate. Airport tenants were grouped into various categories to aid in analysis, such as:

 Airlines (passenger only)  Aerial applicators  Air cargo  Aircraft maintenance  Airport management  Air traffic control  Charter operators  Concessions  Corporate flight departments  FBOs  Federal government  Flight instruction  Ground transportation  Hangar rental/development  Military  Parking  Rental car  State/local government  Transportation Security Administration (TSA) The Airport Tenant Survey requested the following information (the Airport Management Survey requested similar information from airport sponsors and managers):

 Type of aviation activity conducted by the tenant  Number of full-time, part-time, and seasonal employees in 2015

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 Estimated total annual wages and benefits paid to employees in 2015  Estimated total capital improvement expenditures for each year from 2012 through 2015  Estimated total operating expenses (excluding payroll and capital improvement expenditures) for 2015  Estimated total gross sales (where applicable) by the business on the airport in 2015

In addition to the initial survey effort, follow-up telephone calls and emails were made to obtain missing information or verify data on returned surveys to ensure the most complete and accurate data is collected at the beginning of the study.

The most critical data collected for each airport and tenant business is on-airport employment. In cases where a tenant did not supply complete information for payroll, operating expenses, sales, and/or CIP expenditures, estimates were developed using existing ratios. These ratios assume that certain types of businesses have average payroll, operating expenses, sales, and CIP expenditures per FTE employee. These ratios were developed from survey data collected from tenants that provided complete

responses during the survey effort. For business categories of tenants that did not have sufficient Kansas data to provide reliable averages and ratios, additional data was used from the consultant’s in-house database compiled from airport economic impact studies conducted throughout the United States.

To estimate second round impacts using the IMPLAN model, airport tenants were classified into one of three categories based on the nature of their business: aviation, concession, and government. For this analysis, a set of aviation multipliers was used to estimate second round impacts for airlines, aircraft maintenance, FBOs, air cargo, flight schools, and corporate flight departments. Concession multipliers were used for retail, food and beverage, car rental, and parking tenants. Government- related entities, including military units, received their own set of multipliers for estimating second round impacts. Impacts stemming from construction projects were evaluated separately using construction-related multipliers prior to including those impacts to the on-airport benefits.

Study Approach 3-9

Construction Impacts (First Round Direct Impacts)

As explained above, CIP expenditures result in the employment of people in jobs such as construction, architecture, engineering, and consulting, which creates economic impacts beyond on- airport aviation activities. For this analysis, data was gathered from CIP expenditures and combined with IMPLAN data to estimate first round construction impacts. The following steps were used to estimate these impacts:

 CIP expenditures from 2012 through 2015 were gathered from airport management as well as from aviation-related businesses and government agencies located on each airport.  CIP expenditures were averaged over the time period to avoid showing peaks or valleys in construction activity.  The IMPLAN model indicates every $1.0 million spent annually on construction activity supports approximately 4.4 construction-related jobs in Kansas. These jobs include construction workers, equipment operators, foremen, engineers, architects, consultants, and managers.  Data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics was used to determine average annual pay for Kansas employees involved in construction activity. This average payroll ($35,500) was applied to each CIP-related employee to determine first round payroll associated with on-airport construction activity.

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3.4 COMMERCIAL SERVICE VISITORS (FIRST ROUND INDIRECT IMPACTS)

Kansas has seven airports classified as commercial service within the NPIAS, all offering scheduled passenger service. 10 These seven airports serve as gateways to hundreds of thousands of out-of- state business- and tourist-related visitors each year. These visitors contribute to Kansas’ economy through their expenditures for food, lodging, entertainment, transportation, retail sales, and other goods and services. Numerous service industries also benefit from the multiplier effect stemming from visitor spending. For each Kansas airport with commercial airline service in 2015, the following methodology was used to estimate first round commercial service visitor impacts.

Enplanement data for 2015 was obtained from airport management, and is shown in Table 3-1 Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport is the busiest commercial service airport in the state, and attracts the largest number of visitors followed by Manhattan Regional Airport and Garden City Regional Airport.11

10 Although classified as a general aviation airport in the NPIAS, Great Bend Municipal Airport was served by SeaPort Airlines in 2015. SeaPort Airlines ended service to that airport in January 2016. 11 This study sought enplanement data from airports in the interest of currency. FAA data may vary because of time used for analysis following data collection. Comparisons usually do not show significant differences, and FAA data can be viewed via https://www.faa.gov/airports/planning_capacity/passenger_allcargo_stats/passenger/

Study Approach 3-11

The percentage of visiting passengers was estimated from the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study.12 The percentage of total visitors attributable to visitors ranged from 43 percent at Great Bend Municipal Airport to nearly 56 percent at Manhattan Regional Airport.

Table 3-1 Enplanements & Percent Visitors at Kansas Commercial Service Airports, 2015 Associated Percent City Airport Enplanements Visitors Visitors Commercial Service Airports Dodge City Dodge City Regional 2,058 55.0% 1,133 Garden City Garden City Regional 26,775 51.9% 13,899 Great Bend Great Bend Municipal (Note 1) 162 43.0% 70 Hays Hays Regional 8,589 52.6% 4,518 Liberal Liberal Mid-America Regional 5,750 52.3% 3,006 Manhattan Manhattan Regional 63,814 55.5% 35,410 Salina Salina Regional 10,079 44.0% 4,437 Wichita Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower 782,725 43.5% 340,172 National Commercial Service Airports Total 899,952 44.7% 402,645 Note 1: Great Bend Municipal Airport is classified as a general aviation airport in the NPIAS, but was served by SeaPort Airlines in 2015.

Sources: Airport management, FAA, 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study, and The Economic Impact of Manhattan Regional Airport, 2012.

Average expenditures per visitor per trip from the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study were compared to the consultant’s in-house database of commercial service visitor expenditures at airports across the country and adjusted for inflation to estimate 2015 expenditure patterns for Kansas airports.13 These estimates were applied to the respective number of annual visitors at each airport to compute total economic activity (or output) generated by commercial airline visitors on an annual basis.

12 The percentage of visiting passengers at Manhattan Regional Airport was estimated using data from The Economic Impact of Manhattan Regional Airport, 2012. 13 The average expenditure per visitor per trip from The Economic Impact of Manhattan Regional Airport, 2012 was compared to the consultant’s in-house database of commercial service visitor expenditures and adjusted for inflation to estimate 2015 expenditure patterns for Manhattan Regional Airport.

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The following example from Garden City Regional Airport demonstrates the calculations used to estimate first round commercial service visitor impacts. In this example, rounded numbers are used while any variation in calculations was the result of rounding.

 Garden City Regional Airport reported 26,775 enplanements during 2015. An estimated 52 percent of these enplanements were visitors to the area, or approximately 13,920 visitors traveled through Garden City Regional Airport.

o 26,775 enplanements x 52 percent visitors = 13,920 visitors

 Based on survey information, each visitor to the Garden City Regional Airport spent $175 per visit in 2015. This average multiplied by Total Visitors resulted in approximately $2.4 million (output) in Total Visitor Spending.

o 13,920 visitors x $175 per visitor per stay = $2.4 million

 In order to estimate employment associated with Commercial Service Visitor Expenditures, Kansas specific employment ratios per $1 million of visitor output were developed using the IMPLAN model. Based on this model, an estimated 12.1 persons are employed in Kansas as result of every $1 million in Commercial Service Visitor Output. Therefore, an estimated 29 visitor-related jobs were directly connected to the Garden City Regional Airport.

o $2.4 million x 12.1 ÷ $1,000,000 = 29 jobs

 Payroll impacts from employment supported by Commercial Service Visitors were estimated, by industry sector. Most visitor expenditures take place in the hotel and motel, food and beverage, entertainment, retail, and transportation sectors. Based on data obtained from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, an average payroll of $22,600 per employee in Kansas was used for these labor categories.

o 29 jobs x $22,600 = $655,400 annual payroll

Study Approach 3-13

This methodology was applied to each commercial service airport, using the average expenditure per visitor per trip with the appropriate labor multiplier and average payroll for all airports. Detailed tables showing the commercial service visitor impacts at each commercial service airport can be found in the appendix at the end of this report.

3.5 GENERAL AVIATION VISITORS (FIRST ROUND INDIRECT IMPACTS)

General aviation (GA) activity is the remaining activity not defined as scheduled commercial service or military operations. Like commercial service, GA serves a wide variety of public needs from corporate business flights to agricultural spraying to leisure travel to aviation education. Additionally, due to Kansas’ location in the middle of the nation, the state’s airports are convenient fueling stops for GA aircraft traveling coast to coast.

To measure the important economic contributions GA provides to Kansas and its communities, a Visiting Pilot/Passenger Survey was distributed to transient pilots and passengers to obtain their specific information. These surveys were delivered to FBO managers throughout Kansas with the goal of capturing data at a wide variety of airports in the state. The Visiting Pilot/Passenger Survey requested the following information: 14

14 This study collected operational data from airport sources: management surveys and FAA Airport Master records (Form 5010). Counting/reporting operations at non-towered airports is challenging because not all such airports have the resources in staff or equipment to attain desired accuracy, nor can federal or state aviation officials be responsible for the requirements of airport reporting that fall to airport management.

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 Airport name and location  The number of passengers in the aircraft  Aircraft make and model  Where the aircraft is based (airport and state)  The purpose of the trip (business, fuel/maintenance, flight training, recreation, or other)  The length of stay  The estimated expenditures during the visit for lodging, food and beverage, transportation, entertainment, and aircraft services  The number of people responsible for the expenditures  Further comments regarding the value of the Kansas aviation system to the pilot and his or her business

Information obtained from the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study survey responses provided estimates of the average number of visitors per aircraft and expenditure per visitor per trip. Since these averages vary, depending upon the type of airport, the same approach used in the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study was applied to the 2016 study. In order to complete the analysis, airports were grouped into categories based on airport roles in the 2016 Kansas Aviation System Plan (KASP) while regional and commercial service airports were combined into a single category. Survey data within each group of airports and GA visitor data from the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study provided the average number of visitors per aircraft, duration of stay, and amount spent.

Study Approach 3-15

Based on these averages, itinerant aircraft operations data from the 2016 KASP were used to develop estimates of visitors arriving on GA aircraft at each airport.15 Since many of the itinerant GA operations are returning to their base airport, the same estimate of true transient aircraft (those bringing visitors to the airport) used for each airport in the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study was applied.

Together, these estimates assess the level of GA visitor spending at each airport in Kansas, as illustrated in the following example from Johnson County Executive Airport. This example illustrates the calculations used to estimate total GA visitor impacts. Similar to the commercial service visitor impacts, totals are rounded for simplicity.

 The 2016 KASP estimated 28,283 itinerant aircraft operations at Johnson County Executive Airport. Since operations are defined as a departure or takeoff, half of the total itinerant operations were calculated at 14,142. If 33.0 percent of Itinerant Arrivals are True Transient Arrivals, then 4,667 Itinerant Arrivals are considered to be True Transient Arrivals. o 14,142 itinerant arrivals x 33 percent = 4,667 true transient arrivals

 The 2016 KASP classified Johnson County Executive Airport as a Regional Airport. Information received from transient pilot survey data, along with data from the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study,

estimated 2.7 visitors per Itinerant Operation, including the pilot, spent an average $95 per visitor per trip at Regional Airports. Annual Visitors (2.7) are calculated by multiplying True Transient Arrivals (4,667) by Estimated Visitor to result in approximately 12,601 Annual Visitors. Since visitor spending was calculated at $95 per visitor per trip, this figure is multiplied by Annual Visitors to arrive at a Visitor Impact of approximately $1.2 million per year in the region around Johnson County Executive Airport. o 4,667 transient arrivals x 2.7 visitors per arrival = 12,601 annual visitors

o 12,601 visitors x $95 per visitor per trip = $1,197,000 annual spending by visitors

15 For some airports, itinerant aircraft operations data provided by airport management on the Airport Management Survey was used rather than 2016 KASP data.

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 Direct payroll and employment impacts resulting from this visitor spending (or output) were determined based on the IMPLAN ratio of $1 million of visitor spending output per 19.3 full- time positions in other industries. Most of these jobs are in the service and retail sectors of the economy. Visitors using general aviation at Johnson County Executive Airport support approximately 27 full-time positions. o $1,197,000 x 19.3 jobs ÷ $1,000,000 per job = 23 jobs

 The average annual statewide salary for the service and retail sectors of the economy ($22,600) was applied to the estimate of employment to calculate the payroll impacts associated with GA visitors. In this example, visitor-related payroll impacts created by the approximately 23 full-time positions is estimated to total $519,800. o 23 jobs x $22,600 = $519,800 annual payroll impacts

The operational and visitor impact data for each study airport is located in Appendix A.

3.6 STUDY MULTIPLIERS (SECOND ROUND IMPACTS)

The first round direct and indirect economic impacts at each Kansas airport consist of employment, payroll, and output impacts from on-airport businesses, government agencies, on-airport construction activities, and visitor expenditures. Once these first round impacts enter the economy, they circulate among the industry sectors, creating a second round of additional spending that result in the multiplier effect.

The multiplier effect arises from the various interdependencies that exist within an economic system. For example, the operation of an airport requires inputs in the form of supplies, equipment, and maintenance. These inputs generate a boost in sales for the businesses that provide these services and products. Furthermore, the goods and services themselves require inputs for their production. The process continues as a large number of impacts recirculate through the economy. The total requirement for goods and services is the multiple of the initial needs of the airports considered in this analysis; hence the term “multiplier.”

The IMPLAN model provides industry- and state-specific multipliers to calculate second round impacts. Thus, the multipliers used in this study were developed specifically to measure the economic impacts that occur within different sectors of the Kansas economy. Table 3-2 summarizes the multipliers used for modeling the second round impacts of on-airport activities and visitor spending at the Kansas NPIAS airports. For example, the multiplier for aviation output is 1.80, meaning that $100 in first round expenditures (output) in the aviation sector supports a total output impact equivalent to $180, while second round impacts would be $82 ($182 minus $100).

Study Approach 3-17

Table 3-2 Kansas IMPLAN Multipliers by Economic Sector Employment Payroll Output Economic Sector Multiplier Multiplier Multiplier Government 1.97 1.67 1.68 Construction CIP (Note 1) 2.54 1.86 1.83 Concessions (Note 2) 1.29 1.56 1.75 Aviation (Note 3) 2.26 1.80 1.82 Commercial Service Visitor Expenditures (Note 4) 1.51 1.68 1.65 General Aviation Visitor Expenditures (Note 4) 1.33 1.56 1.73 Sources: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

Note 1: Construction multipliers are the weighted average of the Construct Other New Nonresidential Structures, Asphalt Manufacturing, Cement Manufacturing, Concrete Manufacturing, Maintenance of Nonresidential Structures, and Architectural-Engineering Services multipliers.

Note 2: Concessions multipliers are the weighted average of the Food Services and Drinking Places, Hotels and Motels – Including Casino Hotels, Business Support Services, and Miscellaneous Retail Store multipliers.

Note 3: Aviation multipliers are the weighted average of the Aircraft Manufacturing, Aircraft Engine and Engine Parts Manufacturing, Other Aircraft Parts and Auxiliary Equipment Manufacturing, and Transport by Air multipliers.

Note 4: Visitor expenditure multipliers are the weighted average of the Food Services and Drinking Places, Hotels and Motels – Including Casino Hotels, Automotive Equipment Rental and Leasing, and Miscellaneous Retail Stores multipliers. Weightings were different for commercial service and general aviation visitor multipliers to reflect the difference in their spending habits.

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SECTION 4 EMPLOYMENT, PAYROLL, AND OUTPUT IMPACTS FOR STUDY AIRPORTS

Kansas NPIAS airports are significant contributors to the local economy through employment created to support aviation activity. These jobs accommodate the business and leisure activities of those arriving via air travel. The following sections identify the economic impacts associated with employment, annual payroll, and total annual economic activity (output) for the study airports. The cumulative impact from all 80 NPIAS airports is shown in each section, while individual airport summaries are available in Appendix A.

4.1 EMPLOYMENT IMPACTS

The findings of this analysis indicate NPIAS airports in the state are an important source of jobs. Employment, as defined in this study, is based on full-time equivalent (FTE) jobs. For this analysis, FTE may equal one full-time or two part-time positions.

Employment impacts were calculated for on-airport activity and visitor- related spending. On-airport activity includes private businesses, government organizations, and aviation-related military units as well as spending for CIPs and other improvement and construction projects that make significant contributions to on-airport employment. The methodology discussed in this section was applied to each of the study airports. By following this methodology, estimates of total employment, annual payroll, and annual output/spending associated with each airport were developed.

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4.1.1 Employment from On-Airport Activity The results of this study indicate nearly 14,000 first-round jobs were attributed to on-airport employment at both commercial and GA airports. Employment estimates were attributed to aircraft fuel sales, aircraft maintenance, aircraft manufacturing, flight training, corporate flight departments, concessions (e.g., restaurants and rental car agencies), and charter services. This figure also includes employment associated with on-airport military activity and airport capital improvement program.

Based on the multiplier effect, introduced in 3.1, activity from first round employment associated with on-airport businesses result in secondary employment impacts. For example, an airport may be credited with a portion of a landscaping companies employment totals if they hold a contract to maintain the landscaping at the airport. As a result of this multiplier effect, second round employment impacts from day-to-day airport operation activities at NPIAS airports were estimated to add 16,800 jobs. Combined, first and second round employment impacts contributed approximately 30,700 jobs to the state’s employment base. It is important to note that this employment estimate does not include jobs associated with non-aviation businesses that may located on an

airport, such as a barber shop or non-aviation related commercial development. See Table 4-1 for details.

Table 4-1 Kansas On-Airport Activity Employment First Round Second Round Total Employment Employment Employment Commercial Service Airports 8,913 10,655 19,568 General Aviation Airports 5,032 6,104 11,136 Total 13,945 16,759 30,704 Sources: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

4.1.2 Employment from Commercial Service Visitor Spending Visitors arriving via aircraft typically spend their money on local hospitality and service industry businesses. For visitors arriving via commercial aircraft, the first round employment impacts resulting from their expenditures are estimated at 1,864 jobs, while second round impacts resulted in an additional 950 jobs for a combined total 2,800 jobs. See Table 4-2 for details.

Employment, Payroll, and Output Impacts for Study Airports 4-3

Table 4-2 Kansas Employment from Commercial Service Visitor Spending First Round Second Round Total Employment Employment Employment Commercial Service Airports 1,864 955 2,819 Sources: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

This component illustrates the notion that the benefit of airports extends beyond being part of local infrastructure. While the level of airport usage will vary, one constant emerges when airports are studied for their economic contributions: value-added significance for the community and beyond.

4.1.3 Employment from General Aviation Visitor Spending Similar to commercial visitor spending, visitors arriving via general aviation also contribute to the state’s economy through purchases made while traveling. However, since visitors also arrive via general aviation aircraft at both commercial service and general aviation airports, visitor spending was tabulated for each category.

First round employment associated with general aviation visitor spending is typically found at off-airport establishments such as the hotel, food and beverage, entertainment, retail, and transportation sectors. Total employment impacts from general aviation visitor expenditures arriving at commercial service airports was estimated at 143 jobs while employment impacts from those visitors arriving at general aviation airports was 327 for a combined total impact of 470 jobs. See Table 4-3 for details.

Table 4-3 Kansas Employment from General Aviation Visitor Spending First Round Second Round Total Employment Employment Employment Commercial Service Airports 108 35 143 General Aviation Airports 244 83 327 Total 352 118 470 Sources: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

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4.1.4 Total Employment Total employment supported by all activities at Kansas’ 80 NPIAS airports is identified in Table 4-4. First round activities and visitor spending support over 16,000 jobs. While second round employment impacts generated an additional 17,800 jobs as a result of the multiplier effect Together, these impacts account for nearly 34,000 jobs from aviation-related businesses, government agencies, construction activities, and visitors to the state’s NPIAS airports.

Table 4-4 Kansas Airports Total Employment First Round Second Round Total Employment Employment Employment Commercial Service Airports 10,885 11,645 22,530 General Aviation Airports 5,276 6,187 11,463 Total 16,161 17,832 33,993 Sources: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

4.2 PAYROLL IMPACTS

Employment linked to the study airports results in a significant annual payroll benefit to Kansas. Payroll impacts relate the previously identified employment benefits associated with on-airport businesses and their activities, commercial service visitors. First round payroll consists of wages and benefits paid to employees working at restaurants, hotels, retail, and other services related industries. Second round impacts, or multiplier effects, occur when employees use their (first round) payroll on expenditures such as rents, food, clothing or leisure activities. Payroll impacts from on- airport activity is presented in the following section.

4.2.1 Payroll from On-Airport Activity Similar to on-airport employment activity, annual payroll impacts were measured from on-airport businesses to include aircraft manufacturers, government agencies, airport construction projects, and military activities. Based on information obtained for this study, first and second round payroll impacts from Commercial Service Airports generated $1.2 billion while General Aviation Airports generated a little over $1.0 billion for a combined total over $2.2 billion annually. Table 4-5 provides additional details.

Employment, Payroll, and Output Impacts for Study Airports 4-5

Table 4-5 Kansas On-Airport Activity Payroll First Round Second Round Payroll Payroll Total Payroll Commercial Service Airports $673,382,000 $526,308,200 $1,199,690,200 General Aviation Airports $318,491,900 $247,288,400 $565,780,300 Total $991,873,900 $773,596,600 $1,765,470,500 Sources: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

4.2.2 Payroll from Commercial Service Visitor Spending The annual payroll impact attributed to employees whose jobs are supported by the spending of commercial service visitors using the study airports is identified in Table 4-6. First round payroll is estimated at $42.1 million while second round impacts were calculated to be over $28.7 million for a combined total annual impact of $70.8 million.

Table 4-6 Kansas Annual Payroll from Commercial Service Visitor Spending First Round Second Round Payroll Payroll Total Payroll Commercial Service Airports $42,126,400 $28,737,600 $70,864,000 Sources: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

4.2.3 Payroll from General Aviation Visitor Spending First round payroll includes salaries paid to employees working in visitor-related business and other service industries utilized by general aviation visitors arriving at commercial service and general aviation airports combined for a first round impact of $8.0 million. The second round impact generated from the circulation of first round payrolls generated an additional $4.4 million. Combined, first and second round annual visitor impacts approach $12.5 million. The payroll impacts attributed to spending by visitors using general aviation to travel to various parts of Kansas are presented in Table 4-7.

Table 4-7 Kansas Annual Payroll from General Aviation Visitor Spending First Round Second Round Payroll Payroll Total Payroll Commercial Service Airports $2,453,200 $1,365,800 $3,819,000 General Aviation Airports $5,564,300 $3,098,000 $8,662,300 Total $8,017,500 $4,463,800 $12,481,300 Sources: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

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4.2.4 Total Annual Payroll Table 4-8 identifies the combined impacts of payroll attributed to on-airport activity and visitors arriving at the study airports. The collective first round annual payroll impact supported by the study airports exceeds $1.0 billion. Second round impacts add another $806.8 million in annual payroll impacts to produce a total payroll impact that exceeds $1.8 billion.

Table 4-8 Kansas Airports Total Annual Payroll Total First Total Second Round Payroll Round Payroll Total Payroll Commercial Service Airports $717,961,600 $556,411,600 $1,274,373,200 General Aviation Airports $324,056,200 $250,386,400 $574,442,600 Total $1,042,017,800 $806,798,000 $1,848,815,800 Sources: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

4.3 OUTPUT IMPACTS

Economic output is the result of money spent, invested, and generated by aviation-related businesses, government agencies, military units, and visitors at Kansas’ 80 NPIAS airports. For example, FlightSafety estimates more than 12,000 clients travel to Wichita to conduct training each year while spending an estimated $31 million for lodging, food and beverage, transportation, and retail purchases during their stay.

For this study, on-airport output is defined as annual gross sales related to on-airport businesses and activities. The exceptions are organizations that do not generate revenue such as corporate flight departments and government. Airlines are also exceptions since it is difficult to attribute ticket revenues to specific airports. Output for these types of organizations is the sum of payroll and operating expenses, while the output for CIPs is simply the expenditures related to those projects. Output impacts related to commercial service and general aviation visitors is defined by visitor spending at off- airport establishments, such as lodging, food and beverage, retail, and entertainment. The following identifies the economic benefit from both on- and off-airport activity.

Employment, Payroll, and Output Impacts for Study Airports 4-7

4.3.1 Output from On-Airport Activity Total economic output is measured from first and second round expenditures by on-airport activity. An example of on-airport activity might include construction materials, labor, and other services to improve or construct a terminal building. Expenditures, in terms of dollars spent, from these activities continue to circulate through the economy creating additional economic impacts. Considering the first round applications of spending and investments, second round impacts estimated by IMPLAN can be applied to expenditures by on-airport businesses. Airports with a significant amount of on-airport activity, such as Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower Airport who have large aerospace manufacturing facilities, provide a significant impact on the local economy. On- airport expenditures from aviation-related businesses and government agencies are captured in Table 4-9.

Table 4-9 Kansas On-Airport Activity Output First Round Second Round Output Output Total Output Commercial Service Airports $2,750,208,200 $2,232,946,400 $4,983,154,600 General Aviation Airports $2,077,323,600 $1,685,988,600 $3,763,312,200 Total $4,827,531,800 $3,918,935,000 $8,746,466,800 Sources: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

4.3.2 Output from Commercial Service Visitor Spending Similar to on-airport activity output, visitor spending is a measure of annual payroll impacts attributed to employees whose jobs are supported by commercial aviation visitors. First round expenditures is estimated at more than $154.4 million while the recirculation of those impacts adds another $100.5 million for a combined total of nearly $255.0 million. See Table 4-10 for details.

Table 4-10 Kansas Output from Commercial Service Visitor Spending First Round Second Round Output Output Total Output Commercial Service Airports $154,405,200 $100,520,200 $254,925,400 Sources: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

4.3.2.1 FlightSafety Impacts in Wichita FlightSafety International, located at Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport (ICT), exemplifies how visitor spending benefit the local economy. FlightSafety International is the world leader in professional aviation training and simulation systems, with more than 1,800 highly experienced instructors providing more than 300 flight simulators to serve customers from 167

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countries at Learning Centers spread across the globe.16 They offer professional pilot training, maintenance, flight attendant, scheduler/dispatcher training at one of three Learning Centers located at ICT along with two other centers located off-airport. FlightSafety estimates more than 12,000 clients come to one of Wichita’s Learning Centers for some type of training each year and spend an estimated $31 million for lodging, food and beverage, transportation, and retail purchases during their stay in the Wichita area. These impacts were aggregated as part of the first round and second round impacts identified in Table 4-10 above.

4.3.3 Output from General Aviation Visitor Spending Table 4-11 identifies the output resulting from expenditures from general aviation visitors arriving at NPIAS airports in Kansas. The same methodology used to calculate commercial visitor spending estimated general aviation spending at nearly $18.4 million. As the businesses that support visitor activities recirculate this money, second round impacts are approximately $13.3 million with a combined impact measured at more than $31.7 million.

Table 4-11 Kansas Output from General Aviation Visitor Spending First Round Second Round Output Output Total Output Commercial Service Airports $5,623,000 $4,083,800 $9,706,800 General Aviation Airports $12,754,400 $9,262,500 $22,016,900 Total $18,377,400 $13,346,300 $31,723,700 Sources: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

4.3.4 Total Annual Output The combined annual output from on-airport activities and visitor spending is captured in Table 4-12. First and second round impacts generate a total annual output of more than $9.0 billion for Kansas’ economy, which comprises 6.1 percent of the state’s estimated GSP of $149.6 billion.

Table 4-12 Kansas Airports Total Annual Output Total First Total Second Round Output Round Output Total Output Commercial Service Airports $2,910,211,200 $2,337,534,000 $5,247,745,200 General Aviation Airports $2,090,103,200 $1,695,267,500 $3,785,370,700 Total $5,000,314,400 $4,032,801,500 $9,033,115,900 Sources: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

16 http://www.flightsafety.com/fs_about_us_about_us.php

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4.4 SUMMARY

Overall, the 80 NPIAS airports in Kansas generate a significant economic contribution to the state’s economy. This study examined their economic contributions in terms of jobs, payroll, and output from on-airport activity (including airport CIPs and military aviation), visitor expenditures, and second round impacts resulting from the recirculation of first round impacts.

Table 4-13 provides a summary of economic impacts from Kansas’ NPIAS airports discussed in the sections above. These results indicate NPIAS airports generated more than $9.0 billion in total annual output in 2015. These expenditures helped to support approximately 34,000 jobs and annual payroll of more than $1.8 billion. These impacts represent an increase of approximately 700 total jobs, $137.0 million in total payroll, and more than $1.3 billion in total output from the economic impacts estimated for the NPIAS airports in the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study.

Table 4-13 Economic Impact Summary for Kansas NPIAS Airports First Round First Round Visitor- On-Airport Related Second Round Activity Impacts Impacts Total Impacts EMPLOYMENT Commercial Service Airports 8,913 1,972 11,645 22,530 General Aviation Airports 5,032 244 6,187 11,463 Total 13,945 2,216 17,832 33,993 PAYROLL Commercial Service Airports $673,382,000 $44,579,600 $556,411,600 $1,274,373,200 General Aviation Airports $318,491,900 $5,564,300 $250,386,400 $574,442,600 Total $991,873,900 $50,143,900 $806,798,000 $1,848,815,800 OUTPUT Commercial Service Airports $2,750,208,200 $160,028,200 $2,337,534,000 $5,247,770,400 General Aviation Airports $2,077,323,600 $12,754,400 $1,695,267,500 $3,785,345,500 Total $4,827,531,800 $172,782,600 $4,032,801,500 $9,033,115,900 Sources: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

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SECTION 5 ADDITIONAL AREAS OF ECONOMIC BENEFIT

Airports in Kansas provide benefits beyond those directly associated with on-airport businesses or aviation. Some of these benefits are more difficult to quantify and were not included in the tradition economic model previously discusses, However, it is important to identify these benefits because the total value of an airport system is comprised of more than the employment, payroll, and output impacts generated by on-airport activity and visitor spending. Therefore, this section focuses on describing the following areas of economic benefit and methods used to estimate their nature and scope:  Hospital Use of Aviation  Benefits from Agricultural Applicators  Off-Airport Aerospace Manufacturing Impacts  Value Added Benefits from Off-Airport Aviation Dependent Businesses  Qualitative Airport Benefits

 Economic Impact from the Kansas City International Airport to Kansas

5.1 HOSPITAL USE OF AVIATION

Many of the benefits attributed to aviation have been described in this report in terms of their economic contributions they make. The same could be done for the health care uses of aviation, but the reality is that the jobs and payroll associated with the medical use of Our local airport is very valuable for us aviation are minor compared to other to be able to get our community members impacts. The real health care benefits of to a healthcare facility that can provide them with the continued care they need aviation and airports are found in the that we cannot provide at our facility. advantages they give hospitals. These take That is part of what makes our the forms of enabling the rapid transport community sustainable. of critical cases so that emergency and - Norton County Hospital life-saving care can be administered in the timeframe needed. It also provides

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efficient and flexible transportation options for medical personnel, allowing them to provide access to healthcare to resident in the rural areas. Without aviation and the support provided by the Kansas NPIAS airport system, patient care and outcomes would suffer. Mobility of both medical personnel and patients would not be as good.

In order to evaluate these benefits, hospitals across Kansas were surveyed to obtain information regarding their use of aircraft for patient transport, which airports are used for this activity, and the use of local airports to support clinics held at the hospital. Information was also gathered to understand the hospital’s use of air cargo to ship items such as medical equipment, lab work, and documents. When a patient needs air transport to another facility, lives are on the line and More than 30 hospitals across Kansas not having an air option, in many cases, responded to the survey, providing insights would end in loss of life.

and data on how they leverage aviation to - Republic County Health improve access to healthcare for the people of Kansas.

5.1.1 Patient Transfers Survey results also indicated that hospitals in Kansas rely heavily on aviation to move patients. Nearly 94 percent of responding hospitals indicated that they regularly use air ambulances to transport patients, either via a hospital helipad or a local airport. The importance of aviation and the airport system to quality health care in Kansas cannot be understated.

Helipads are used by 76 percent of the responding hospitals. The frequency of operations on these helipads ranged between one to 30 times per month, with a median use of twice per month. Many helipads don’t experience regular use, but, as a representative of Republic County Hospital said, “While the number of uses may be low, the importance is high.” Even hospitals without helipads find ways to make use of air ambulances. For example, Osborne County Memorial Hospital reported using an open area between the hospital and local courthouse as a makeshift helipad The closest Level I trauma center to our when necessary. facility is 3 hours by ground vehicle.

There is a significant importance to using air ambulances in our area to Nearly half of responding hospitals use local ensure the best care of our patients. airports for patient transport. Data appears to indicate the percentages would increase - Rooks County Health if airport infrastructure was available to

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support it. According to Clay County Medical Center, air ambulance services do not make use of Clay Center Airport because it lacks weather reporting capabilities. Lincoln County Hospital stated that their local airport, Lincoln Municipal Airport, cannot support fixed-wing air ambulance service because the runways are too short and not paved. However, the community is seeking funding to improve the airport; until then it will rely on Ellsworth Municipal Airport approximately 30 miles to the south. Ashland Health Center said that fewer resources would be used if the Harold Krier Field Airport in Ashland had a paved runway so that fixed-wing air ambulances could use the airport for patient transfers.

Hospitals utilize a variety of aircraft, illustrating As a CAH [critical access hospital] in the versatility of aviation to meet the various a rural area, we depend on our needs of hospitals throughout Kansas. According airport to transfer patients to a to the survey responses, helicopters were the higher level of care when needed. most commonly used air ambulance vehicle, - Cheyenne County Hospital with 64 percent of hospitals reporting their use. Multi-engine fixed-wing aircraft were the second most frequently used with 36 percent usage rate while single-engine fixed-wing aircraft were third at a 21 percent usage rate as reported by participating hospitals.

These air ambulance missions delivered patients to a number of different Kansas destinations. Wichita was the most common destination while Kansas City, Hays, and Topeka were also frequently mentioned. Aviation also enabled patient transport beyond the borders of Kansas, such as Oklahoma City, Springfield, Missouri, and Denver, Colorado.

5.1.2 Specialty Clinics Of the 33 hospitals that responded to the survey, 90 percent supplement the health care of their patients through monthly specialty clinics. Specialty clinics consist of consultations and treatments by doctors, nurses, and other healthcare practitioners in a variety of specialized areas. These specialties include cardiology, ophthalmology, orthopedics, podiatry, and pulmonology, to name a few.

Many hospitals, especially those located in the more rural areas, find that the demand and salaries to maintain a full-time specialist on staff are not warranted. Therefore, the most cost-effective approach to providing specialized care is periodic clinics on-site. Hospitals reported holding monthly specialized clinics ranging between one and 42 times per month, with half holding at least ten each month. In many cases, specialists travel hundreds of miles to provide their services. Time is a limited resource for these specialists, so it is not surprising that general aviation is used to save time when

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traveling to and from these specialty clinics. One third of the hospitals surveyed reported that specialists use general aviation aircraft to fly to airports near their hospital. For example, a specialist based in Steamboat Springs, Colorado, flies to Norton Municipal Airport to provide services at Norton County Hospital, which is an 800 mile round trip by car. General aviation allows these specialists the ability to offer their services in regions not typically served by these specialists.

5.1.3 Air Cargo Uses Hospitals rely on aviation for more than just moving people. Approximately one-third of responding hospitals indicated that they used express air or air cargo to move a variety of medical items and important paperwork from place to place.

Hospitals reported their reliance on aviation to transport medication and medical supplies. More than 30 percent of responding hospitals indicated the use of aircraft allows them to rapidly move these items to where they are needed. More than 18 percent reported using aviation to ship diagnostic tests and medical equipment. Approximately nine percent of hospitals used air express to send documents while six percent reported shipping blood, tissue and other samples by air.

As has been shown, the results of the hospital survey indicate that health care in Kansas depends upon, and is enhanced by, the availability of aviation and the Kansas NPIAS airport system.

5.2 BENEFITS FROM AGRICULTURAL APPLICATORS

Aviation is a critical part of the Kansas agricultural industry. Unlike ground rigs, agricultural applicators have the ability to accurately and efficiently apply pesticides to crops without damaging plants or nearby crops. Another advantage is their ability to respond rapidly to outbreaks of plant disease or insect infestation, regardless of ground conditions that can preclude the use of ground rigs. Without aerial applicators, some, or even all of the economic value of a crop can be lost. Besides boosting crop yield through

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pesticide spraying, agricultural applicators also enhance pastures for cattle grazing through weed suppression. When ground conditions make it impractical to use ground vehicles, aerial applicators have also been called in to seed and fertilize certain crops in Kansas.

This section provides an estimated value of Kansas agriculture to aviation Based on available data this estimate includes the value of aerial applicators applying fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides to the seven major Kansas crops.17 Reliable data to quantify additional benefits of aerial application, such as seeding and fertilization, are not available, so it can be assumed that these actions provide benefits over and above what is estimated in this section.

To understand the value provided by aerial applicators, it is necessary to understand the significance of Kanas agriculture. Kansas is a major producer of agricultural products for the nation and the world. In 2015, farmers harvested more than 20 million acres of crops valued at more than $6 billion from Kansas farms. This ranks Kansas among the top 10 states in agricultural production. Kansas is typically the top state in wheat production, accounting for approximately 20 percent of the U.S. wheat total. Kansas is an even bigger producer of the livestock feed and sorghum. In 2015, Kansas produced more than 46 percent of the nation’s sorghum crop. Other major crops produced in Kansas include alfalfa/hay, corn, cotton, soybeans and sunflowers.

Agricultural data for Kansas can be found at the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) National Agricultural Statistics Service homepage (www.nass.usda.gov). Data is available on the number of acres of various crops planted, harvested, and treated with fungicides, herbicides, and insecticides. Using this data to estimate the economic value of crops that are preserved or even enhanced by aerial applicators is challenging for several reasons.

First, the USDA does not track the method by which pesticides are applied, so an overall national average was used to estimate how much of all pesticides are applied by aerial applicators. Secondly, the USDA does not collect data every year on what pesticides are applied to specific crops. Instead, each year it surveys the use of pesticides on certain crops, rotating which crops are surveyed so that pesticide data is only available for each crop during specific years. As a result, the estimate of pesticides applied in 2015 was determined based on the average of pesticides applied over the years 1998 to 2014. Herbicides are typically applied every year, making this estimate very reliable.

17 The seven major Kansas crops are alfalfa/hay, corn, cotton, sorghum, soybeans, sunflowers, and wheat. These are the seven top revenue producing crops in Kansas and account for more than 99 percent of the value of all Kansas crops.

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Fungicides and insecticides, however, are applied only as needed, so these estimates are more applicable in years when there are outbreaks of crop-damaging insects or plant-killing fungi.

Kansas-specific data was gathered to determine the benefits provided from aerial applicators. Total production from each crop, average crop yield, and average crop price from October 2015 provided estimates the total benefit value, as shown in Table 5-1.

Table 5-1 Aerial Applicator Benefits to Crops in Kansas, 2015 Value Acres Attributed to Percent of Acres Total Crop Sprayed by Aerial Total Crop Crop Harvested Value Aircraft Applicators Value Alfalfa/Hay 650,000 $308,800,000 15,600 $4,446,000 1% Corn 3,850,000 $2,193,700,000 726,000 $248,205,000 11% Cotton 15,000 $7,500,000 2,900 $862,000 11% Sorghum 3,150,000 $937,600,000 581,700 $103,886,000 11% Soybeans 3,900,000 $1,252,300,000 760,500 $85,469,000 7% Sunflowers 78,000 $29,400,000 12,800 $2,173,000 7% Wheat 8,800,000 $1,468,000,000 777,900 $45,420,400 3% Total 20,443,000 $6,197,300,000 2,877,400 $490,461,400 8%

Sources: Professor D. Jardine (KSU), Professor D. Peterson (KSU), Professor J. Whitworth, and CDM Smith

The number of acres that were sprayed by each type of pesticide was estimated using the average of pesticides applied over the period 1998 to 2014, as previously described. To determine the quantity of pesticides applied by aerial applicators, it was assumed that a fixed percent of all pesticides were applied by aircraft, based on data from the National Agricultural Aviation Association and other aerial applicator sources.

Average efficiency rates of each pesticide were obtained from professors at Kansas State University’s College of Agriculture to determine the enhanced crop yield based upon quantity sprayed by aerial applicators with each pesticide. These estimates ranged from the pesticide having no impact on preserving the crop yield to 100 percent of the crop yield, (i.e., if the pesticide were not applied by aircraft, harvesting the crop would not be economically viable), but generally fell between 10 percent and 40 percent of total crop yield.

Table 5-1 shows the acres harvested, the total value, the acres sprayed by aircraft, and the value of each crop that is attributed to aerial applicators for each crop. Based on the information provided, it appears that aerial applicators have the largest impact on corn and sorghum, while increasing the value of each crop by hundreds of millions of dollars.

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Overall, aerial applicators are estimated to preserve or enhance the value of Kansas agriculture by approximately $490.5 million. According to the information presented in Table 5-1, this represents eight percent of the $6.2 billion agriculture industry in Kansas and illustrates the important role that aerial applicators play in the production of agricultural products in Kansas.

It is anticipated that the role that aviation serves in supporting the Kansas agricultural industry will continue to increase. Technology can be expected to improve the ability of aerial applicators to deliver pesticides exactly where and in the amount needed, resulting in better yields, reduced environmental impacts, while reducing overhead costs.

Another aviation innovation likely to influence agriculture is the advancement of unmanned aerial systems (UAS). According to a report by Informa Economics and Measure, UAS technology is expected to save farmers $1.3 billion per year once it is fully embraced.18 UAS will accomplish this by locating and treating crop diseases before they can spread. UAS can also deliver pesticides, water, and fertilizers to where they are needed. Livestock farmers will likely use UAS to monitor their cattle herds. In short, the synergy between aviation and agriculture is expected to grow as farmers take advantage of the benefits that aviation technologies can offer.

5.3 OFF-AIRPORT AEROSPACE MANUFACTURING IMPACTS

Kansas is a global leader in aerospace manufacturing. According to the Kansas Department of Commerce, nearly 70 percent of the world’s embedded aircraft fleet was manufactured in Kansas, while producing over a quarter million aircraft since 1919.19 As such, aerospace manufacturing comprises a large sector of the Kansas economy. Using the previously identified economic impacts for the NPIAS airports to illustrate the extent to which

18 Doering, C. Drones Could Save Farmers Millions, Study Finds, Des Moines Register. July 21, 2015. 19 http://www.kansascommerce.com/index.aspx?NID=471

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aerospace manufacturing alone impacts the Kansas economy, Figure 5-1 shows that on-airport aerospace manufacturing businesses at the NPIAS airports accounted for 77 percent of total output in 2015. The remaining total output was generated by all other aviation activities occurring at the airports.

Figure 5-1 Contribution to Total Output at Kansas’ NPIAS Airports

Source: CDM Smith

The aviation and aerospace economy of Kansas is not restricted to airports, however. In fact, Kansas has numerous businesses that develop, produce, and manufacture aircraft components, support systems, and other aerospace-related products at off-airport locations. Many of these firms exist to support the extensive aircraft manufacturing industry in Kansas. Some of the most well-known aircraft manufacturers in the industry started in Kansas, including Cessna, Beechcraft, and Learjet. That core of aircraft manufacturing has drawn other aerospace companies to Kansas, including notable businesses like Boeing, Airbus, and Honeywell. This, in turn, has spurred the growth of spin- offs and new aerospace companies. For example, Spirit AeroSystems, a spin-off of Boeing Commercial Airplanes, is one of the largest aerospace businesses in Kansas, with approximately 11,000 employees.

As this section of the report shows, this segment of the aerospace industry makes a significant contribution to the Kansas economy. Before presenting the economic impacts estimated for off- airport aerospace manufacturing in Kansas and the methodology used to measure those impacts, it is

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helpful to identify some of the more prominent aerospace manufacturing companies located in the state. Doing so provides context for the substantial impacts they have on the state as a whole.

5.4 MAJOR AEROSPACE MANUFACTURERS IN KANSAS

Examples of specific leading aerospace manufacturing companies in Kansas are discussed in this section. Several of these companies are located exclusively on- or off-airport, while others have locations both on- and -off airport. These example businesses generate a sizeable portion of the total economic impacts of the state’s aerospace manufacturing industry.

Who: Textron Aviation What: General aviation aircraft (Cessna, Beechcraft, Hawker) Where: Wichita, Independence Size: 9,000 jobs statewide

Textron Aviation is the general aviation business unit of Textron, which is a global aerospace, defense, security, and advanced technologies conglomerate. In March 2014, Cessna parent Textron Inc. acquired Beechcraft Corp for $1.4 billion to bring the Cessna, Beechcraft, and Hawker brands under the umbrella of Textron Aviation. These three brands account for more than half of all general aviation aircraft in service today. This acquisition allowed Textron to add the successful Beech King Air product line, the T-6 and AT-6 military trainer, the single-engine Bonanza, the twin- engine Baron. In addition, Textron will continue to support parts manufacturing for Hawker jets, which are no longer in production.

Prior to the merger, Hawker Beechcraft and Cessna represented the largest aircraft manufacturers in Kansas. Both companies were headquartered in Wichita, lending to the nickname “Air Capital of the World.” Although employment totals for the combined firm are a moving target below their peak

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historic employment levels, most recent estimates place Textron Aviation (Cessna and Hawker Beechcraft) at approximately 9,000 employees.20 21

In the years since the merger, Textron Aviation has worked to integrate, consolidate, and optimize its new assets into a single flexible product line. Beechcraft’s Wichita campus is known for having some of the largest autoclaves for composite materials in the world, which is now among all Textron- owned companies. Various equipment has been moved among the plants surrounding Wichita, and after the Machinists union members voted to unite the local Cessna and Beechcraft unions under a single collective bargaining agreement, Textron is now able to shuffle work and workers between Cessna and Beechcraft sites as needed.22

Also noteworthy is Textron AirLand, which is a joint venture between Textron and AirLand Enterprises to build the Scorpion light attack/reconnaissance/trainer jet. The Scorpion was developed in secret at the Cessna Wichita facility in 2012. The Scorpion is intended to be marketed to global militaries as a low-cost alternative to existing military aircraft, ideally suited to low-threat missions. The aircraft is currently undergoing test flights at McConnell Air Force Base.23

McCauley Propeller Systems, which is a subsidiary of Cessna (Textron), is one of the world’s largest full-line propeller manufacturers with over 500 models available. McCauley propellers have been certified as original equipment for over 350,000 aircraft built by Hawker, Beechcraft, British Aerospace, Cessna, Fairchild, Grumman, Jetstream, Piper, Stoddard Hamilton, and many others. McCauley serves a wide range of markets, including commercial, military, agricultural, airlines, personal and business aviation. In 2006, McCauley expanded its product line to Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and delivered its first UAV propeller to General Dynamics for the Predator B in 2009.24

20 http://www.360wichita.com/blog/Local/largest-employers.html 21 http://www.bizjournals.com/wichita/blog/2014/07/employment-total-at-textron-aviation-a- moving.html 22 http://aviationweek.com/advanced-machines-aerospace-manufacturing/year-after-beechcraft- acquisition-textron-aviation-isn-t-s 23 http://www.scorpionjet.com/latest-news/ 24 http://www.mccauley.textron.com/history.html

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Who: Cox Machine What: Aerospace parts and assemblies Where: Wichita, Harper Size: >250 jobs Statewide

Cox Machine, located in Kansas since 1956, fabricates parts and assemblies for airplane manufacturers and Tier I suppliers, most of which are structural assemblies for aircraft wings or fuselages.25 In 2016, Cox invested in a

$1.5 million expansion, adding another 50,000 square foot facility to its existing 85,000 square foot building. Cox employs approximately 200 workers between their facilities in Wichita and Harper, with another 50 additional positions expected in the near future.26

Who: Spirit AeroSystems What: Aerostructures Where: Wichita Size: 11,000 jobs statewide

Wichita-based Spirit AeroSystems is the world’s largest first-tier aerostructures manufacturer, supplying fuselage, wing, and engine structures to aircraft manufacturers around the world. Boeing and Airbus are two of Spirit’s largest customers, producing major components for the Boeing 737 and 787 aircraft lines as well as for the Airbus A350.

25 https://coxmachine.com/ 26 http://www.kansas.com/news/business/aviation/article66700162.html

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Spirit AeroSystems was formed in 2004 after Boeing Commercial Airplanes sold its Wichita Division. In 2016, Spirit had a record 1,583 shipments, driven primarily by growth in Airbus deliveries. Spirit is the largest employer in Wichita with approximately 11,000 employees, and is one of the largest publicly traded companies in Kansas.27

Who: Triumph Group What: Aerospace components and systems Where: Edgerton, Wichita, and Wellington Size: 470 jobs statewide Based in Berwyn, Pennsylvania, Triumph Group is a major global supplier of aerospace components and systems with three factories in Kansas. In July 2016, Triumph announced plans to relocate a manufacturing facility from Grandview, Missouri, to Edgerton, Kansas. The new purpose-built 156,000 square foot facility will be built at Logistics Park Kansas City (LPKC) and will be part of Triumph’s Precision Components business unit, which machines aircraft parts and assemblies made from aluminum and hard metal. Products include landing gear assemblies, seat/cargo tracks, floor beams, thrust reverser beams, stringer end fittings, wing attach fittings, installation brackets, hinge arm assemblies, and engine inlet assemblies. Other Triumph factories in Kansas include a product support facility in Wellington and another Precision Components facility in Wichita.28 In January 2017, Triumph was awarded work by Textron Aviation on its new Cessna Citation Longitude business jet. The work will be performed at Triumph’s plant on Hoover Road in Wichita.29

Who: Airbus Americas What: Engineering Design Center Where: Wichita Size: 300 jobs

Since 2002, U.S.-based Airbus Americas, a subsidiary of Airbus Group, has maintained an engineering design

center in Wichita to capitalize on the

27 http://www.kansas.com/news/business/aviation/article54185925.html 28 http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20160725005924/en/Triumph-Moving-Kansas-City- Area-Factory 29 http://www.kansas.com/news/business/aviation/air-capital-insider/article129690934.html

Additional Areas of Economic Benefit 5-13

regions aerospace technical expertise and workforce. The Wichita facility was the first design and engineering facility outside of Europe, and focuses on various engineering design, repair, and customer support for all Airbus commercial jetliners, including the A320 family, A330, A340, and A350XWB. In 2016, Airbus Americas Engineering relocated from Wichita’s Old Town district to a new 90,000 square foot building on Wichita State University’s (WSU) Innovation Campus. The facility currently employs 300 engineers and staff members but has capacity for more than 400.30

Who: Bombardier Learjet What: General aviation aircraft (Learjet) Where: Wichita, Salina Size: 2,000 jobs

In 1990, Bombardier acquired the Learjet Corporation out of bankruptcy to become Bombardier Learjet. They have since produced several model lines, including the Learjet 40/45, Learjet 60, and Learjet 70/75. Learjet is notable for establishing the Learjet 23, which was the first private luxury aircraft in the business jet market. Based in Wichita since 1962, Learjet currently employs nearly 2,000 at its 1.24 million square foot production facility adjacent to Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National Airport.31 Learjet incorporates internationally recognized lean manufacturing processes and adheres to the industry’s highest quality standards. The Learjet 70/75 is the only model currently in production.32 33

Since 2009, Bombardier has operated its Flight Test Center at Salina Regional Airport to support engineering and certification flight test programs for Bombardier business jets and commercial

30 http://www.kansas.com/news/business/aviation/article124603509.html 31 http://us.bombardier.com/us/aerospace_manufacturing.htm 32 http://www.bizjournals.com/wichita/blog/2016/04/bombardier-delivered-one-learjet-in-the- first.html 33 http://www.kansas.com/news/business/aviation/article6726714.html

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aircraft. Bombardier recently consolidated several of its facilities at Salina into a single location at Hangar 959. This 130,000 square-foot hangar built by the Air Force in the 1960s which was previously used by Hawker Beechcraft until 2012.34 Upgrades were made to the hangar and the adjacent taxiway and apron to accommodate the relocated Flight Test Center. This facility has initially been used in testing for Bombardier’s new C Series passenger jet.35

Who: General Electric Aviation What: Engine Assembly and MRO Where: Winfield/Arkansas City (Cowley County) Size: 700 jobs

GE Aviation, one of the world’s largest aircraft engine suppliers, began operating at its Strother Field facility in 1951. Historically the facility has performed maintenance, repair, and overhaul of GE-built engines for aircraft such as regional jets, Boeing 737s, as well as Apache and Blackhawk military helicopters. However, in 2015 GE announced a $7 million investment in the plant to begin assembling its new Passport 20 engine, which is designed for large-cabin business jets such as Bombardier’s Global 7000 and 8000 models. The facility at Strother Field currently employs approximately 700 people.36 37

Who: GKN Aerospace Precision Machining What: Aerostructure Machining and Assembly Where: Wellington Size: 220 jobs

34 http://www.kansas.com/news/business/aviation/article1345722.html 35 http://www.bizjournals.com/wichita/blog/2014/10/salina-airport-mobilizes-quickly-for- bombardier.html 36 http://www.kansas.com/news/business/aviation/article13075424.html 37 http://www.geaviation.com/press/business_general/bus_20150309.html

Additional Areas of Economic Benefit 5-15

A subsidiary of British parent company GKN plc, GKN Aerospace Precision Machining is a supplier of key metallic structures and large assemblies for several major aircraft programs, including large wing skins and control surfaces for commercial, general aviation, and Department of Defense platforms. One of GKN’s most notable products is a floor module section for the Boeing 787, which is an integrated structure consisting of over 26,000 individual components. This module is produced at GKN’s Wellington plant and delivered to Spirit AeroSystems in Wichita. In 2015, GKN won a contract to supply the upper and lower wing skins for Gulfstream’s large-cabin, long-range G500 and G600 business jets.38 GKN Aerospace has 245,000 square feet of space between its facilities and employs 220 people.39

Who: Lee Aerospace What: Aircraft Window, sheet metal, composite structures Where: Wichita Size: 220 jobs

Originally founded in 1980, Lee Aerospace is a supplier of aircraft windows, sheet metal, and composite aerostructures. The company was part of Triumph Aerospace Systems from 2000 until it was reacquired by original founder, Jim Lee, in early 2014. Lee Aerospace currently occupies facilities totaling more than 146,000 square feet and employs approximately 220 people. One notable customer of Lee Aerospace is Viking Air, to whom Lee is supplying fuselage sections for its Viking Twin Otter 400. Other customers include Bombardier Learjet, Beechcraft, Cessna Aircraft, Spirit AeroSystems, Honda, Cirrus, and Gulfstream.40

5.5 METHODOLOGY FOR ESTIMATING IMPACTS FROM AEROSPACE MANUFACTURING IN KANSAS

The same IMPLAN input-output model used to quantify the economic impacts generated by on- airport activity and visitor spending at the NPIAS airports was used to quantify the economic impacts generated by Kansas’ off-airport aerospace manufacturing companies. First round employment, payroll, and output impacts were estimated first, which allowed for quantification of second round (induced) and total impacts. Employment is expressed in full-time equivalent (FTE) jobs, where full-

38 http://www.kansas.com/news/business/aviation/article19391688.html 39 http://www.gkngroup.com/aerospace/supplier-info/wellington/Pages/default.aspx 40 http://www.kansas.com/news/business/aviation/article1132929.html

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time jobs and part-time jobs are summed. In this analysis, two part-time positions are the equivalent of one single full-time position. For more information on first round, second round, and total impacts and the IMPLAN input-output model, please refer to the Study Approach section found earlier in this report.

According to the Kansas Department of Commerce, there are more than 400 aerospace manufacturing companies in Kansas, with over 350 of these companies located in the Wichita area. 41 42 The Kansas Department of Commerce further reports that nearly 30,000 people are employed in aerospace in Kansas, which is based on data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 43 Based on this study’s analysis of on-airport economic impacts, approximately 100 of the more than 400 aerospace manufacturing companies in Kansas are located on- airport.

Total employment at these on-airport businesses was subtracted from the nearly 30,000 total aerospace employees in Kansas to arrive at an estimate of aerospace employees working at off-airport facilities in 2015. To estimate first round annual payroll for these off-airport employees, average salary information from the BLS was used. Estimates of sales and capital improvement projects were based on per employee ratios obtained from the consultant’s in- house database of aviation economic impact studies conducted throughout the country. These estimates of first round impacts were used in the IMPLAN input-output model to generate estimates of second round and total impacts.

41 http://www.kansascommerce.com/documentcenter/view/7313 42 http://www.gwedc.org/key_industries/aerospace_aviation 43 http://www.kansascommerce.com/documentcenter/view/7313

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5.6 ECONOMIC IMPACTS

Table 5-2 presents the economic impacts estimated for off-airport aerospace manufacturing companies in this analysis. Based on information gathered during this study, off-airport aerospace manufacturing provides a significant economic impact in Kansas, with approximately $6.6 billion in first round annual output generated by the off-airport businesses (including capital improvement projects). These expenditures supported approximately 18,600 first round employees earning nearly $1.2 billion in annual payroll. These employees represent more than half of the approximately 30,000 direct jobs in this sector of the Kansas economy. It is also notable that Spirit AeroSystems, with 11,000 employees, appears to account for more than half of the state’s off-airport aerospace manufacturing jobs.

Table 5-2 Economic Impacts of Off-Airport Aerospace Manufacturing in Kansas Employment Payroll Output First Round Impacts 18,610 $1,172,099,400 $6,622,891,700 Second Round Impacts 23,538 $932,261,100 $2,846,686,400 Total 42,148 $2,104,360,500 $9,469,578,100 Sources: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

When second round impacts generated by the recirculation of first round expenditures are included, total annual output increases to nearly $9.5 billion while employment increases to more than 42,100 employees, and total annual payroll grows to approximately $2.1 billion.

5.6.1 Comparison to the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study To put these results in perspective, it is useful to look at what events have transpired since the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study. Table 5-3 compares the economic impacts from Table 5-2 with the economic impacts of off-airport aerospace manufacturing estimated in the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study. This comparison suggests a decrease in first round and total employment by approximately 2,800 and 4,900 jobs, respectively, since the 2010 study. Likewise, first round and total output have decreased by approximately $348.5 million and $31.3 million, respectively.

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Table 5-3 Off-Airport Aerospace Manufacturing in Kansas in 2010 and 2015 Employment Payroll Output 2010 KANSAS AVIATION ECONOMIC IMPACT STUDY First Round Impacts 21,375 $851,602,700 $6,971,412,400 Second Round Impacts 25,625 $715,584,300 $2,529,455,100 Total 47,000 $1,567,187,000 $9,500,867,500 2015 KANSAS AVIATION ECONOMIC IMPACT STUDY UPDATE First Round Impacts 18,610 $1,172,099,400 $6,622,891,700 Second Round Impacts 23,538 $932,261,100 $2,846,686,400 Total 42,148 $2,104,360,500 $9,469,578,100 DIFFERENCE First Round Impacts (2,765) $320,496,700 ($348,520,700) Second Round Impacts (2,087) $216,676,800 $317,231,300 Total (4,852) $537,173,500 ($31,289,400) Sources: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

Since the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study, difficult economic conditions have forced several major aerospace manufacturers in Kansas to undergo drastic changes. For example, Hawker Beechcraft, one of the largest aircraft manufacturers in Kansas, was severely impacted by the nation’s slow economic recovery following the recession between 2007 and 2009. Subsequently, following a series of layoffs, Hawker Beechcraft filed for Chapter 11 Bankruptcy in 2012. However, in 2013, the Beechcraft Corporation, a smaller but financially stronger company, purchased Hawker Beechcraft.44 In 2014, Textron Inc., Cessna Aircraft’s parent company, acquired the Beechcraft Corporation and combined Beechcraft and Cessna together under Textron Aviation, Inc. As a result of the merged operations, Textron Aviation underwent several rounds of layoffs, including as recent as 2016.45 46

Kansas aerospace manufacturing suffered another setback when Boeing, one of the state’s most iconic aerospace manufacturers, closed its Wichita operation due to decreased demand for new work on military programs. As a result, Boeing retired, laid off, or transferred most of their 2,100 employees outside of Kansas.47

44 http://www.kansas.com/news/business/aviation/article1091513.html 45 http://www.kansas.com/news/business/aviation/article1140950.html 46 http://www.avweb.com/avwebflash/news/Textron-Layoffs-Continue-Post-Restructuring-228022- 1.html 47 http://www.kansas.com/news/business/aviation/article1153168.html

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Data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) further illustrates the challenges the aerospace manufacturing industry has faced since the end of the recession. According to the BLS, employment in the aerospace product and parts manufacturing sector of the Kansas economy stood at more than 37,400 jobs in 2009 and fell to approximately 30,000 in 2015.

5.7 VALUE ADDED BENEFITS FROM OFF-AIRPORT AVIATION DEPENDENT BUSINESSES

Air transportation supports business operations throughout the United States to increase productivity and achieve their goals. Similarly, many businesses in Kansas, while not located directly at an airport, benefit from the proximity and availability of the state’s NPIAS airports. Without these airports, many companies in Kansas would experience adverse effects to business activity levels. Because of the efficiencies gained by the availability of aviation, many businesses receive additional benefits. This section identifies the benefits Kansas businesses receive from the day-to-day operation of these airports.

Approximately 500 businesses in the state received surveys to assess their dependence on Kansas’ airports. While it is impossible to identify all the benefits that businesses in Kansas receive from using these airports, it is possible to make some broad assumptions regarding how airports benefit the state’s non-aviation business community. The survey sought information on topics such as reliance on commercial airline service and air cargo, employment, which are important factors considered when a business is expanding or relocating. Other questions asked businesses to provide information regarding reliance on general aviation at Kansas’ airports. The survey sampled many types of businesses, with an emphasis on businesses in the state that have a propensity to use aviation services.

The survey confirmed businesses in the region depend on the state’s airports for the transport of employees, clients and suppliers as well as goods. Without access to these airports, some companies would be forced to cut employment or possibly locate outside of Kansas.

According to U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) data, there are more than 1.5 million private (i.e. non-government) employees in the state while the industrial sectors surveyed for this study account for approximately 563,600 employees. Based on input received from the survey, approximately 45 percent of the business activity in the sampled industrial sectors is linked to the availability of Kansas airports. Therefore, in order to estimate the additional regional benefit from the availability of the state’s airports, one can assume that approximately 45 percent of

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the 563,600 employees (approximately 253,600 jobs) can attribute their employment to the airports and the efficiencies gained from their operation.

Key findings of the business survey are as follows:

 Approximately 42 percent of the respondents indicated that they utilize commercial airline service to conduct their routine business functions.  Approximately 12 percent of respondents indicated that their company averages at least one trip per month on a commercial airline.  Approximately 25 percent of the respondents indicated that their company owns, leases, charters, or has fractional ownership of general aviation business aircraft.  Approximately 33 percent of the respondents indicated that they have customers or suppliers who use scheduled airline service to visit the surveyed company.  Approximately 58 percent of respondents indicated that they use air cargo/package express on a regular basis. Of these businesses, 40 percent indicated that they ship packages weighing two pounds or less; 40 percent indicated that they ship packages weighing two to 70 pounds; and nine percent indicated that they ship packages weighing more than 70 pounds.  Approximately 21 percent of respondents indicated that a change to their business would be necessary if, hypothetically, airports were not available in Kansas. These changes ranged from relocating their headquarters out of state, to suspension of all business operations in Kansas.  Approximately 36 percent of all survey respondents indicated that the presence of a commercial service airport was of importance to the decision of business location; approximately 23 percent of respondents indicated that the proximity to a general aviation airport is of importance in their location decision.

5.8 QUALITATIVE AIRPORT BENEFITS

While previous sections of this study focused on the quantitative benefits resulting from aviation in Kansas, there are also a number of qualitative benefits that must be discussed when considering the total value of an airport or an airport system. Qualitative benefits are those activities which take place regularly at an airport that adds to the quality of life of Kansas’ citizens. Because these benefits typically enhance the health, safety, or welfare of individuals in the airport’s market area, they cannot be readily assigned a dollar value. The following are examples of the qualitative benefits aviation provides at Kansas’ NPIAS airports:

 Supporting statewide agricultural activities  Facilitating emergency medical transport  Serving as a staging area for community events

Additional Areas of Economic Benefit 5-21

 Assisting with prisoner transport  Supporting military training/exercises  Providing police support  Conducting search-and-rescue operations  Supporting aerial surveying, photography, and inspection operations  Serving as bases of flight training activities  Providing youth outreach activities (e.g., Young Eagles)

Information supplied by the airports themselves on the Airport Management Survey has highlighted some of the more notable examples of the qualitative benefits derived from Kansas’ NPIAS airports. Numerous life-saving emergency medical evacuations and operations occur at airports throughout the state. In addition, airports in Kansas play an important role in agricultural production, as detailed previously.

Based on information provided by airport sponsors and managers that responded to this study’s survey efforts, Table A-19 in the appendix attempts to tabulate the qualitative benefits each airport provides. The activities listed in Table A-19 are not all-inclusive, but do account for the most common types of aviation operations at these airports. Other aviation activities beyond what is shown in Table A-19 likely take place at these airports. What is most important to recognize is that no matter how large or small their contributions, all airports (and aviation in general) contribute to the quality of life of Kansas’ residents.

5.9 ECONOMIC IMPACT OF KANSAS CITY INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT IN KANSAS

The focus of this study is the positive benefits that the 80 NPIAS airports in Kansas provide the state and its citizens. Kansas City International Airport, located near the Kansas state line, draws a substantial portion of its employees and airline passengers from Kansas. Because of its proximity to Kansas, Kansas City International Airport provides additional economic impacts to the state and its residents. This section quantifies these important impacts.

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Two existing studies were used to estimate the economic impacts related to Kansas: Economic Impact of Kansas City International Airport FY 2014 and 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study. Tthe Economic Impact of Kansas City International Airport FY 2014 contains the most recent economic impact analysis for Kansas City International Airport.

Kansas City International Airport Market Kansas City International Airport reported over 5.2 million enplanements in 2015, which is an increase from nearly 5.1 million enplanements the airport reported in 2014. Classified as a medium hub airport, Kansas City International was ranked 38th in passenger enplanements and 37th in enplaned cargo tonnage in 2015, the latest year for which FAA statistics are available. Residents from communities in the four- state region of Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, and Iowa drive to Kansas City International for its airline services.48 Likewise, some visitors to Kansas arrive through Kansas City International.49

Kansas City International’s primary impact region is defined as the bi-state Kansas City, Missouri-Kansas Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), which consists of the following Kansas counties: Franklin, Johnson, Leavenworth, Linn, Miami, and Wyandotte. The secondary impact region is defined as the airport’s total air service area includes the Kansas City MSA and the following adjoining Kansas counties: Atchison, Douglas, Jefferson, and Shawnee (which includes Topeka, the capital of Kansas). Together, these 10 Kansas counties have a population of more than 1.2 million residents and are home to three Fortune 500 corporations.50

48 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study, May 2010, CDM Smith (previously Wilbur Smith Associates). 49 Ibid. 50 Based on the Fortune 500 list for 2015.

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5.9.1 Businesses at Kansas City International Airport In 2015, twelve airlines operated at Kansas City International, providing scheduled passenger service to destinations throughout the United States as well as international destinations in Mexico and Canada. These airlines included:

 Aeroméxico  Air Canada  Alaska Airlines  Allegiant Air  American Airlines  Delta Air Lines  Frontier Airlines  SeaPort Airlines51  Southwest Airlines  Spirit Airlines  United Airlines  US Airways52

Three cargo carriers also operate at the airport, including FedEx Express, DHL, and United Parcel Service. Numerous on-airport businesses are engaged in the provision of airline and airport support services, such as Allied Aviation, KCI Car Care, Jet Delivery, Aviation Technical Services, TUG Technologies, Parks Maintenance and Huntleigh USA. Terminal concessions are provided by HMS Host and The Paradies Shops, which offer retail, food and beverage concessions to airport passengers. Signature Flight Support is the only fixed base operator, providing fuel, charter, and ground transportation services to general aviation users. Ground transportation is provided by the major car rental agencies such as Alamo, Avis, Budget, Dollar, Enterprise, Hertz, National, Payless, and Thrifty. Other rental agencies include ACE and Fox.

Federal and local government agencies are also major employers at the airport. These include the Kansas City Aviation Department, FAA, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Postal Service, as well as the Kansas City police and fire departments. Other jobs on the airport can be attributed to short or long-term services provided by contractors, consultants, developers, and other professionals for a wide range of architectural, construction, management, and planning purposes.

5.9.2 Kansas City International Airport Impacts in Kansas As explained above, the Economic Impact of Kansas City International Airport FY 2014, was used to estimate the portion of Kansas City International’s 2015 economic impacts that benefit Kansas. Table 5-4 presents the 2014 economic impacts of Kansas City International Airport. It was estimated that

51 SeaPort Airlines ceased operations at Kansas City International in January 2016. 52 The merger of US Airways and American Airlines began in 2013 and was completed in 2015, with the US Airways brand disappearing in October 2015.

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the airport was responsible for nearly 42,000 jobs and generated over $5.0 billion in economic activity in 2014.

Table 5-4 Total Economic Impacts of Kansas City International Airport, 2014

Measure Source First Round Second Round Total Impacts On-Airport 5,374 8,964 14,338 Visitor 16,003 10,949 26,952 Employment CIP 155 180 335 Total 21,532 20,093 41,625 On-Airport $297 $324 $621 Payroll Visitor $360 $414 $774 (millions) CIP $8 $7 $15 Total $665 $745 $1,410 On-Airport $1,317 $1,049 $2,366 Output Visitor $1,223 $1,392 $2,615 (millions) CIP $19 $23 $42 Total $2,559 $2,464 $5,023 Source: Economic Impact of Kansas City International Airport FY 2014, prepared by Unison Consulting.

The 2014 economic impacts were updated using the airport’s 2015 enplanements as well as CIP data. Enplanements at Kansas City International increased by 3.0 percent from nearly 5.1 million in 2014 to more than 5.2 million in 2015. Average CIP activity for the 2012 through 2015 period was approximately $27.3 million, an increase of 45 percent from the single-year the CIP total used in the 2014 study.53

Table 5-5 presents the 2015 economic impacts for Kansas City International, which were estimated by applying the percentage increase from enplanements to the airport’s 2014 on-airport tenant and visitor impacts and incorporating the decrease in average CIP activity from 2014 to 2015. Economic impacts generated by Kansas City International in 2015 is estimated at over 43,000 jobs with a

53 2012 through 2015 CIP data was obtained from the Kansas City Aviation Department’s Comprehensive Annual Financial Reports.

Additional Areas of Economic Benefit 5-25

total annual payroll of over $1.4 billion. Total annual output is estimated at nearly $5.2 billion.

Table 5-5 Total Economic Impacts of Kansas City International Airport, 2015 Measure Source First Round Second Round Total Impacts On-Airport 5,534 9,231 14,765 Visitor 16,480 11,275 27,755 Employment CIP 223 259 482 Total 22,237 20,765 42,602 On-Airport $304 $332 $636 Payroll Visitor $369 $425 $794 (millions) CIP $12 $10 $22 Total $685 $767 $1,452 On-Airport $1,356 $1,081 $2,437 Output Visitor $1,259 $1,434 $2,693 (millions) CIP $27 $33 $60 Total $2,642 $2,547 $5,190 Source: CDM Smith

The portion of these economic benefits that flow into Kansas was calculated from analyzing the two main components of each benefit – first and second round impacts. First round impacts result from economic activities conducted by the businesses and organizations operating at Kansas City International Airport. These impacts include airport services, visitor spending and capital improvements. According to the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study, 13 percent of the first round on-airport employment at Kansas City International were identified as residents of Kansas. Applying this percentage to the 5,534 estimated first round jobs in 2015 yields 719 jobs that are residents of Kansas. This percentage was also applied to the first round on-airport payroll and output impacts, which resulted in a first round on-airport payroll figure of approximately $40 million and a first round on-airport output of $175 million attributed to Kansas.

Spending by visitors arriving at Kansas City International generates first round visitor impacts that support economic activity in the local leisure and hospitality, ground transportation, and retail trade economic sectors. First round visitor impacts were calculated using the percentage of hotel capacity in the airport market area. Based on the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study, hotel capacity was calculated at 47.4 percent. When this percentage is applied to each of Kansas City International’s first round visitor impact benefiting Kansas is 7,812 jobs, over $175 million in payroll, and approximately $597 million in output attributed to the state of Kansas.

Once the first round impacts generated by Kansas City International enter the economy, they circulate among other sectors, creating second round, or induced, impacts. These secondary impacts

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used the same multipliers to estimate the induced impacts for Kansas City International, based on the Economic Impact of Kansas City International Airport FY 2014.

The estimated economic impacts generated by Kansas City International in 2015 attributed to the state of Kansas are identified in Table 5-6. Kansas City International Airport is responsible for more than 15,100 total jobs in Kansas, or more than 35 percent of the airport’s total employment impact. Those Kansas employees earned more than $462 million in total wages and benefits, or more than 32 percent of the payroll attributed to the airport. Finally, Kansas City International was estimated to produce over $1.6 billion in total output for Kansas, or approximately 31 percent of the total economic output of the airport.

Table 5-6 Economic Impact of Kansas City International Airport in Kansas, 2015 Measure Source First Round Second Round Total Impacts On-Airport 719 1,199 1,918 Visitor 7,812 5,345 13,157 Employment CIP 29 34 63 Total 8,560 6,578 15,138 On-Airport $40 $44 $84 Payroll Visitor $175 $201 $376 (millions) CIP $1 $1 $2 Total $216 $246 $462 On-Airport $176 $140 $316 Output Visitor $597 $679 $1,276 (millions) CIP $4 $5 $9 Total $777 $824 $1,601 Source: CDM Smith

SECTION 6 ECONOMIC IMPACT SUMMARY

This study has demonstrated that Kansas’ 80 NPIAS airports generate significant economic impacts and are important contributors of the state’s economy. The analysis examined the airports’ economic contributions in terms of jobs, payroll, and output associated with aviation activities from hundreds of on-airport business and government agencies, expenditures by hundreds of thousands of visitors using commercial airlines and general aviation to reach Kansas, and second round (induced) impacts resulting from the recirculation of these initial first round (direct and indirect) impacts.

Table 6-1 summarizes the 2015 economic impacts for Kansas’ NPIAS airports, which identifies the total employment supported by the airports is estimated at approximately 34,000 jobs while the total annual payroll associated with these jobs is estimated at more than $1.8 billion. Total annual output from all commercial service and general aviation airports in this study is estimated at more than $9.0 billion. The vast majority of this output, 77 percent, is attributed to the strong aerospace manufacturing base found on the NPIAS airports.

Table 6-1 Economic Impact Summary for the NPIAS Airports in Kansas First Round Second Round Total Impacts Impacts Impacts EMPLOYMENT On-Airport Impacts 13,945 16,759 30,704 Commercial Service Visitor Impacts 1,864 955 2,819 General Aviation Visitor Impacts 352 118 470 Total 16,161 17,832 33,993 PAYROLL On-Airport Impacts $991,873,900 $773,596,600 $1,765,470,500 Commercial Service Visitor Impacts $42,126,400 $28,737,600 $70,864,000 General Aviation Visitor Impacts $8,017,500 $4,463,800 $12,481,300 Total $1,042,017,800 $806,798,000 $1,848,815,800 OUTPUT On-Airport Impacts $4,827,531,800 $3,918,935,000 $8,746,466,800 Commercial Service Visitor Impacts $154,405,200 $100,520,200 $254,925,400 General Aviation Visitor Impacts $18,377,400 $13,346,300 $31,723,700 Total $5,000,314,400 $4,032,801,500 $9,033,115,900 Source: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

The total economic impacts in Table 6-1 represent an increase of approximately 700 jobs, $137.0 million in payroll, and more than $1.3 billion in output when compared with the total economic impacts estimated for the NPIAS airports in the 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study.

6-2 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

It is important to note that Table 6-1 does not include the additional impacts that were assigned a dollar value outside of the economic model used to estimate the impacts for on-airport activities, visitor expenditures, and associated multiplier effects. These impacts include the benefits to Kansas agriculture from aerial applicators, off-airport aerospace manufacturing, and Kansas’ share of the economic impacts generated by Kansas City International Airport. Table 6-2 summarizes all of the economic benefits of aviation activity in Kansas that are assigned a dollar value in this study, and summarized, as follows:  Supported nearly 91,300 jobs  Generated more than $4.4 billion in annual payroll  Produced nearly $20.6 billion in annual economic output

Table 6-2 Economic Impacts of Aviation Activity in Kansas First Round Second Round Total Impacts Impacts Impacts EMPLOYMENT Off-Airport Aerospace Manufacturing 18,610 23,538 42,148 Kansas NPIAS Airports 16,161 17,832 33,993 Kansas City International Airport Impacts in Kansas 8,560 6,578 15,138 Aerial Applicator Value to Kansas Agriculture (Note 1) N/A N/A N/A Total 43,331 47,948 91,279 PAYROLL Off-Airport Aerospace Manufacturing $1,172,099,400 $932,261,100 $2,104,360,500 Kansas NPIAS Airports $1,042,017,800 $806,798,000 $1,848,815,800 Kansas City International Airport Impacts in Kansas (Note 2) $216,000,000 $246,000,000 $462,000,000 Aerial Applicator Value to Kansas Agriculture (Note 1) N/A N/A N/A Total $2,430,117,200 $1,985,059,100 $4,415,176,300 OUTPUT Off-Airport Aerospace Manufacturing $6,622,891,700 $2,846,686,400 $9,469,578,100 Kansas NPIAS Airports $5,000,314,400 $4,032,801,500 $9,033,115,900 Kansas City International Airport Impacts in Kansas (Note 2) $777,000,000 $824,000,000 $1,601,000,000 Aerial Applicator Value to Kansas Agriculture (Note 1) N/A N/A $490,461,000 Total (Note 3) $12,400,206,100 $7,703,487,900 $20,594,155,000 Source: CDM Smith and IMPLAN Multipliers

Note 1: This study only estimated the total value of agriculture that aerial application preserved or enhanced in Kansas. No employment, payroll, first round output, or second round output impacts were estimated.

Note 2: The share of economic impacts from Kansas City International that benefit the state of Kansas are based on Economic Impact of Kansas City International Airport FY 2014, prepared by Unison Consulting, which used rounded figures.

Economic Impact Summary 6-3

It should be mentioned that Table 6-2 does not include economic impacts from the state’s non-NPIAS airports, value added benefits from off-airport aviation dependent businesses, and the hard to quantify benefits provided by airports (e.g., life-saving medical flights).

Figure 6-1 compares the contribution of each of the areas of aviation activity in Table 6-2 to the $20.6 billion in total output measured in this study. Figure 5 shows that off-airport aerospace manufacturing contributes the majority of the economic activity ($9.5 billion, or 46 percent), followed closely behind by the NPIAS airports ($9.0 billion, or 44 percent).

Figure 6-1 Contribution of Aviation Economic Activity in Kansas

Source: CDM Smith

Other key study findings are as follows:

 More than 631,000 visitors used the NPIAS airports to travel to Kansas in 2015, with the majority coming through the state’s commercial service airports.  Of the 631,000 visitors who arrived in Kansas via the NPIAS airports, more than 228,500 arrived on general aviation aircraft.

6-4 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

 Approximately 34,000 Kansas residents owe their jobs, directly or indirectly, to the NPIAS airports. These employees represent 1.8 percent of all the estimated 1.8 million jobs in Kansas.54  The total economic impact of more than $9.0 billion identified for the NPIAS airports in this analysis comprises 6.1 percent of Kansas’ 2015 estimated gross state product of $147.8 billion.55

As this study has shown, the Kansas NPIAS airports are critical economic engines for the state and for the communities they serve. In addition to their substantial economic impacts, airports provide communities with linkages to the national air transportation system that supports many health, welfare, and safety services intended to improve the quality of life for all of the state’s residents, businesses, and visitors.

54 U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis 55 Ibid.

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-1

This appendix contains tables providing details of the 2015 economic impact for each Kansas NPIAS airport. The tables present information on the number of jobs, payroll, and economic output associated with each airport’s tenants, general aviation visitors, and, where appropriate, commercial service visitors. Summary tables provide a combined total for jobs, payroll, and economic output. Additional details are provided for the estimates of visitor expenditures.

Table A- 1 Estimates of General Aviation Itinerant Arrivals at Kansas NPIAS Airports GA GA Total GA Itinerant GA Itinerant Itinerant Associated City Airport Operations Percent Operations Arrivals Commercial Service Airports Dodge City Dodge City Regional 18,000 88% 15,900 7,950 Garden City Garden City Regional 9,436 82% 7,750 3,875 Hays Hays Regional 23,020 54% 12,380 6,190 Liberal Liberal Mid-America Regional 40,000 51% 20,500 10,250 Manhattan Manhattan Regional 22,340 57% 12,837 6,419 Salina Salina Regional 63,432 14% 8,627 4,314 Wichita Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National 64,449 86% 55,142 27,571 Commercial Service Airports Total 240,677 55% 133,136 66,568

General Aviation Airports Abilene Abilene Municipal 37,500 53% 20,000 10,000 Anthony Anthony Municipal 6,200 48% 2,976 1,488 Atchison Amelia Earhart Memorial 16,050 32% 5,080 2,540 Atwood Atwood-Rawlins County City-County 12,000 33% 4,000 2,000 Augusta Augusta Municipal 36,000 42% 15,120 7,560 Belleville Belleville Municipal 7,200 42% 3,000 1,500 Beloit Moritz Memorial 20,000 40% 8,000 4,000 Burlington Burlington-Coffey County 20,000 40% 8,000 4,000 Chanute Chanute - Martin Johnson 25,000 36% 9,072 4,536 Cimarron Cimarron Municipal 3,500 14% 500 250 Clay Center Clay Center Municipal 22,000 56% 12,400 6,200 Coffeyville Coffeyville Municipal 2,000 40% 800 400 Colby Shalz Field 5,500 45% 2,500 1,250 Concordia Blosser Municipal 14,150 43% 6,150 3,075 El Dorado El Dorado/Capt. Jack Thomas Memorial 13,200 27% 3,500 1,750 Elkhart Elkhart-Morton County 6,000 43% 2,580 1,290 Ellsworth Ellsworth Municipal 13,432 24% 3,212 1,606 Emporia Emporia Municipal 6,000 42% 2,500 1,250 Eureka Lt. William M. Milliken 4,900 20% 1,000 500

A-2 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

Table A- 1 Estimates of General Aviation Itinerant Arrivals at Kansas NPIAS Airports GA GA Total GA Itinerant GA Itinerant Itinerant Associated City Airport Operations Percent Operations Arrivals Fort Scott Fort Scott Municipal 9,600 14% 1,300 650 Gardner Gardner Municipal 26,000 30% 7,800 3,900 Garnett Garnett Industrial 1,500 20% 300 150 Goodland Renner Field - Goodland Municipal 15,000 47% 7,000 3,500 Great Bend Great Bend Municipal 21,159 17% 3,600 1,800 Herington Herington Regional 11,600 52% 6,000 3,000 Hill City Hill City Municipal 14,600 14% 2,000 1,000 Hugoton Hugoton Municipal 10,000 20% 2,000 1,000 Hutchinson Hutchinson Municipal 33,206 56% 18,615 9,308 Independence Independence Municipal 10,550 38% 4,050 2,025 Iola Allen County 16,272 49% 8,000 4,000 Johnson Stanton County Municipal 23,100 38% 8,700 4,350 Junction City Freeman Field 10,800 20% 2,200 1,100 Kingman Kingman - Clyde Cessna Field 9,600 40% 3,800 1,900 Lakin Kearny County 4,000 13% 500 250 Larned Larned - Pawnee County 11,900 40% 4,800 2,400 Lawrence Lawrence Municipal 32,550 59% 19,053 9,527 Leoti Mark Hoard Memorial 5,000 20% 1,000 500 Lyons Lyons - Rice County Municipal 12,000 58% 6,986 3,493 Marysville Marysville Municipal 9,308 54% 5,019 2,510 McPherson McPherson 14,600 49% 7,100 3,550 Meade Meade Municipal 5,000 40% 2,000 1,000 Medicine Lodge Medicine Lodge 50 80% 40 20 Ness City Ness City Memorial 4,000 25% 1,000 500 Newton Newton City/County 67,100 52% 34,820 17,410 Norton Norton Municipal 5,000 20% 1,000 500 Oakley Oakley Municipal 12,100 42% 5,100 2,550 Oberlin Oberlin Municipal 7,000 50% 3,500 1,750 Olathe Johnson County Executive 51,681 55% 28,283 14,142 Olathe New Century AirCenter 51,971 52% 26,839 13,420 Osage City Osage City Municipal 2,700 20% 540 270 Oswego Oswego Municipal 600 50% 300 150 Ottawa Ottawa Municipal 7,500 67% 5,000 2,500 Paola Miami County 9,900 35% 3,475 1,738 Parsons Tri-City 3,050 35% 1,074 537 Phillipsburg Phillipsburg Municipal 9,000 39% 3,500 1,750 Pittsburg Atkinson Municipal 23,600 30% 7,000 3,500

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-3

Table A- 1 Estimates of General Aviation Itinerant Arrivals at Kansas NPIAS Airports GA GA Total GA Itinerant GA Itinerant Itinerant Associated City Airport Operations Percent Operations Arrivals Pratt Pratt Regional 11,300 34% 3,800 1,900 Russell Russell Municipal 12,000 50% 6,000 3,000 Sabetha Sabetha Municipal 8,500 38% 3,192 1,596 Satanta Satanta Municipal 3,000 17% 500 250 Scott City Scott City Municipal 8,000 40% 3,200 1,600 Smith Center Smith Center Municipal 4,000 38% 1,500 750 St. Francis St. Francis-Cheyenne County 3,800 21% 800 400 Stockton Rooks County Regional 580 5% 30 15 Syracuse Syracuse - Hamilton County Municipal 5,000 28% 1,400 700 Topeka Philip Billard Municipal 40,484 87% 35,095 17,548 Topeka Topeka Regional 6,342 85% 5,400 2,700 Tribune Tribune Municipal 2,650 10% 270 135 Ulysses Ulysses 21,500 30% 6,450 3,225 WaKeeney Trego WaKeeney 2,000 50% 1,000 500 Wellington Wellington Municipal 18,000 54% 9,800 4,900 Wichita Col. James Jabara 38,300 53% 20,140 10,070 Winfield Strother Field 6,500 46% 3,000 1,500 General Aviation Airports Total 1,025,185 44% 455,261 227,631

All Airports Total 1,265,862 46% 588,397 294,199 Source: Airport management, 2016 Kansas Aviation System Plan, and CDM Smith

A-4 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

Table A- 2 Estimates of General Aviation Visitors at Kansas NPIAS Airports

GA Itinerant Visitors per Estimated GA Associated City Airport Arrivals Arrival Visitors Commercial Service Airports Dodge City Dodge City Regional 7,950 2.7 7,069 Garden City Garden City Regional 3,875 2.7 3,446 Hays Hays Regional 6,190 2.7 5,504 Liberal Liberal Mid-America Regional 10,250 2.7 9,114 Manhattan Manhattan Regional 6,419 2.7 5,707 Salina Salina Regional 4,314 2.7 3,835 Wichita Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National 27,571 2.7 24,515 Commercial Service Airports Total 66,568 2.7 59,190

General Aviation Airports Abilene Abilene Municipal 10,000 1.9 6,325 Anthony Anthony Municipal 1,488 1.5 737 Atchison Amelia Earhart Memorial 2,540 1.5 1,257 Atwood Atwood-Rawlins County City-County 2,000 1.9 1,265 Augusta Augusta Municipal 7,560 1.9 4,782 Belleville Belleville Municipal 1,500 1.5 743 Beloit Moritz Memorial 4,000 1.5 1,980 Burlington Burlington-Coffey County 4,000 1.9 2,530 Chanute Chanute - Martin Johnson 4,536 1.9 2,869 Cimarron Cimarron Municipal 250 1.5 124 Clay Center Clay Center Municipal 6,200 1.5 3,069 Coffeyville Coffeyville Municipal 400 1.9 253 Colby Shalz Field 1,250 1.9 791 Concordia Blosser Municipal 3,075 1.9 1,945 El Dorado El Dorado/Capt. Jack Thomas Memorial 1,750 1.9 1,107 Elkhart Elkhart-Morton County 1,290 1.9 816 Ellsworth Ellsworth Municipal 1,606 1.9 1,016 Emporia Emporia Municipal 1,250 1.9 791 Eureka Lt. William M. Milliken 500 1.5 248 Fort Scott Fort Scott Municipal 650 1.9 411 Gardner Gardner Municipal 3,900 1.5 1,931 Garnett Garnett Industrial 150 1.5 74 Goodland Renner Field - Goodland Municipal 3,500 2.7 3,112 Great Bend Great Bend Municipal 1,800 2.7 1,601 Herington Herington Regional 3,000 1.5 1,485 Hill City Hill City Municipal 1,000 1.9 633

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-5

Table A- 2 Estimates of General Aviation Visitors at Kansas NPIAS Airports

GA Itinerant Visitors per Estimated GA Associated City Airport Arrivals Arrival Visitors Hugoton Hugoton Municipal 1,000 1.9 633 Hutchinson Hutchinson Municipal 9,308 2.7 8,276 Independence Independence Municipal 2,025 2.7 1,801 Iola Allen County 4,000 1.9 2,530 Johnson Stanton County Municipal 4,350 1.9 2,751 Junction City Freeman Field 1,100 1.5 545 Kingman Kingman - Clyde Cessna Field 1,900 1.9 1,202 Lakin Kearny County 250 1.5 124 Larned Larned - Pawnee County 2,400 1.9 1,518 Lawrence Lawrence Municipal 9,527 2.7 8,471 Leoti Mark Hoard Memorial 500 1.5 248 Lyons Lyons - Rice County Municipal 3,493 1.5 1,729 Marysville Marysville Municipal 2,510 1.5 1,242 McPherson McPherson 3,550 2.7 3,157 Meade Meade Municipal 1,000 1.9 633 Medicine Lodge Medicine Lodge 20 1.9 13 Ness City Ness City Memorial 500 1.5 248 Newton Newton City/County 17,410 2.7 15,480 Norton Norton Municipal 500 1.9 316 Oakley Oakley Municipal 2,550 1.9 1,613 Oberlin Oberlin Municipal 1,750 2.7 1,556 Olathe Johnson County Executive 14,142 2.7 12,574 Olathe New Century AirCenter 13,420 2.7 11,932 Osage City Osage City Municipal 270 1.5 134 Oswego Oswego Municipal 150 1.5 74 Ottawa Ottawa Municipal 2,500 1.9 1,581 Paola Miami County 1,738 1.5 860 Parsons Tri-City 537 1.9 340 Phillipsburg Phillipsburg Municipal 1,750 1.9 1,107 Pittsburg Atkinson Municipal 3,500 2.7 3,112 Pratt Pratt Regional 1,900 2.7 1,689 Russell Russell Municipal 3,000 1.9 1,898 Sabetha Sabetha Municipal 1,596 1.5 790 Satanta Satanta Municipal 250 1.5 124 Scott City Scott City Municipal 1,600 1.9 1,012 Smith Center Smith Center Municipal 750 1.9 474 St. Francis St. Francis-Cheyenne County 400 1.5 198

A-6 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

Table A- 2 Estimates of General Aviation Visitors at Kansas NPIAS Airports

GA Itinerant Visitors per Estimated GA Associated City Airport Arrivals Arrival Visitors Stockton Rooks County Regional 15 1.9 9 Syracuse Syracuse - Hamilton County Municipal 700 1.9 443 Topeka Philip Billard Municipal 17,548 2.7 15,603 Topeka Topeka Regional 2,700 2.7 2,401 Tribune Tribune Municipal 135 1.9 85 Ulysses Ulysses 3,225 1.9 2,040 WaKeeney Trego WaKeeney 500 1.5 248 Wellington Wellington Municipal 4,900 2.7 4,357 Wichita Col. James Jabara 10,070 2.7 8,954 Winfield Strother Field 1,500 2.7 1,334 General Aviation Airports Total 227,631 2.2 169,346

All Airports Total 294,199 2.3 228,536 Source: CDM Smith

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-7

Table A- 3 Estimates of Annual Expenditures by General Aviation Visitors to Kansas NPIAS Airports

Avg. Visitor Estimated GA Spending per Annual GA Visitor Associated City Airport Visitors Trip Expenditures Commercial Service Airports Dodge City Dodge City Regional 7,069 $95 $671,500 Garden City Garden City Regional 3,446 $95 $327,300 Hays Hays Regional 5,504 $95 $522,900 Liberal Liberal Mid-America Regional 9,114 $95 $865,800 Manhattan Manhattan Regional 5,707 $95 $542,200 Salina Salina Regional 3,835 $95 $364,400 Wichita Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National 24,515 $95 $2,328,900 Commercial Service Airports Total 59,190 $95 $5,623,000

General Aviation Airports Abilene Abilene Municipal 6,325 $50 $316,300 Anthony Anthony Municipal 737 $25 $18,400 Atchison Amelia Earhart Memorial 1,257 $25 $31,400 Atwood Atwood-Rawlins County City-County 1,265 $50 $63,300 Augusta Augusta Municipal 4,782 $50 $239,100 Belleville Belleville Municipal 743 $25 $18,600 Beloit Moritz Memorial 1,980 $25 $49,500 Burlington Burlington-Coffey County 2,530 $50 $126,500 Chanute Chanute - Martin Johnson 2,869 $50 $143,500 Cimarron Cimarron Municipal 124 $25 $3,100 Clay Center Clay Center Municipal 3,069 $25 $76,700 Coffeyville Coffeyville Municipal 253 $50 $12,700 Colby Shalz Field 791 $50 $39,500 Concordia Blosser Municipal 1,945 $50 $97,200 El Dorado El Dorado/Capt. Jack Thomas Memorial 1,107 $50 $55,300 Elkhart Elkhart-Morton County 816 $50 $40,800 Ellsworth Ellsworth Municipal 1,016 $50 $50,800 Emporia Emporia Municipal 791 $50 $39,500 Eureka Lt. William M. Milliken 248 $25 $6,200 Fort Scott Fort Scott Municipal 411 $50 $20,600 Gardner Gardner Municipal 1,931 $25 $48,300 Garnett Garnett Industrial 74 $25 $1,900 Goodland Renner Field - Goodland Municipal 3,112 $95 $295,600 Great Bend Great Bend Municipal 1,601 $95 $152,000 Herington Herington Regional 1,485 $25 $37,100

A-8 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

Table A- 3 Estimates of Annual Expenditures by General Aviation Visitors to Kansas NPIAS Airports

Avg. Visitor Estimated GA Spending per Annual GA Visitor Associated City Airport Visitors Trip Expenditures Hill City Hill City Municipal 633 $50 $31,600 Hugoton Hugoton Municipal 633 $50 $31,600 Hutchinson Hutchinson Municipal 8,276 $95 $786,200 Independence Independence Municipal 1,801 $95 $171,100 Iola Allen County 2,530 $50 $126,500 Johnson Stanton County Municipal 2,751 $50 $137,600 Junction City Freeman Field 545 $25 $13,600 Kingman Kingman - Clyde Cessna Field 1,202 $50 $60,100 Lakin Kearny County 124 $25 $3,100 Larned Larned - Pawnee County 1,518 $50 $75,900 Lawrence Lawrence Municipal 8,471 $95 $804,700 Leoti Mark Hoard Memorial 248 $25 $6,200 Lyons Lyons - Rice County Municipal 1,729 $25 $43,200 Marysville Marysville Municipal 1,242 $25 $31,100 McPherson McPherson 3,157 $95 $299,900 Meade Meade Municipal 633 $50 $31,600 Medicine Lodge Medicine Lodge 13 $50 $600 Ness City Ness City Memorial 248 $25 $6,200 Newton Newton City/County 15,480 $95 $1,470,600 Norton Norton Municipal 316 $50 $15,800 Oakley Oakley Municipal 1,613 $50 $80,600 Oberlin Oberlin Municipal 1,556 $95 $147,800 Olathe Johnson County Executive 12,574 $95 $1,194,500 Olathe New Century AirCenter 11,932 $95 $1,133,600 Osage City Osage City Municipal 134 $25 $3,300 Oswego Oswego Municipal 74 $25 $1,900 Ottawa Ottawa Municipal 1,581 $50 $79,100 Paola Miami County 860 $25 $21,500 Parsons Tri-City 340 $50 $17,000 Phillipsburg Phillipsburg Municipal 1,107 $50 $55,300 Pittsburg Atkinson Municipal 3,112 $95 $295,600 Pratt Pratt Regional 1,689 $95 $160,500 Russell Russell Municipal 1,898 $50 $94,900 Sabetha Sabetha Municipal 790 $25 $19,800 Satanta Satanta Municipal 124 $15 $1,900 Scott City Scott City Municipal 1,012 $50 $50,600

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-9

Table A- 3 Estimates of Annual Expenditures by General Aviation Visitors to Kansas NPIAS Airports

Avg. Visitor Estimated GA Spending per Annual GA Visitor Associated City Airport Visitors Trip Expenditures Smith Center Smith Center Municipal 474 $50 $23,700 St. Francis St. Francis-Cheyenne County 198 $25 $5,000 Stockton Rooks County Regional 9 $50 $500 Syracuse Syracuse - Hamilton County Municipal 443 $50 $22,100 Topeka Philip Billard Municipal 15,603 $95 $1,482,300 Topeka Topeka Regional 2,401 $95 $228,100 Tribune Tribune Municipal 85 $50 $4,300 Ulysses Ulysses 2,040 $50 $102,000 WaKeeney Trego WaKeeney 248 $25 $6,200 Wellington Wellington Municipal 4,357 $95 $413,900 Wichita Col. James Jabara 8,954 $95 $850,600 Winfield Strother Field 1,334 $95 $126,700 General Aviation Airports Total 169,346 $75 $12,754,400

All Airports Total 228,536 $80 $18,377,400 Source: CDM Smith

Table A- 4 Estimates of Commercial Service Visitors at Kansas NPIAS Airports Percent Associated City Airport Enplanements Visitors Visitors Commercial Service Airports Dodge City Dodge City Regional 2,058 55.0% 1,133 Garden City Garden City Regional 26,775 51.9% 13,899 Great Bend Great Bend Municipal (Note 1) 162 43.0% 70 Hays Hays Regional 8,589 52.6% 4,518 Liberal Liberal Mid-America Regional 5,750 52.3% 3,006 Manhattan Manhattan Regional 63,814 55.5% 35,410 Salina Salina Regional 10,079 44.0% 4,437 Wichita Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National 782,725 43.5% 340,172 Commercial Service Airports Total 899,952 44.7% 402,645 Note 1: Great Bend Municipal Airport is classified as a general aviation airport in the NPIAS, but was served by SeaPort Airlines in 2015.

Sources: Airport management, FAA, 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study, and The Economic Impact of Manhattan Regional Airport, 2012.

A-10 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

Table A- 5 Estimates of Commercial Service Visitor Expenditures at Kansas NPIAS Airports

Spending per Visitor Associated City Airport Visitors Visitor Expenditures Commercial Service Airports Dodge City Dodge City Regional 1,133 $260 $294,600 Garden City Garden City Regional 13,899 $175 $2,432,300 Great Bend Great Bend Municipal (Note 1) 70 $360 $25,200 Hays Hays Regional 4,518 $400 $1,807,200 Liberal Liberal Mid-America Regional 3,006 $260 $781,600 Manhattan Manhattan Regional 35,410 $400 $14,164,000 Salina Salina Regional 4,437 $120 $532,400 Wichita Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National 340,172 $395 $134,367,900 Commercial Service Airports Total 402,645 $383 $154,405,200 Note 1: Great Bend Municipal Airport is classified as a general aviation airport in the NPIAS, but was served by SeaPort Airlines in 2015. Source: CDM Smith

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-11

Table A- 6 On-Airport Employment at Kansas NPIAS Airports

First Round Second Round Total On- On-Airport On-Airport Airport Associated City Airport Employment Employment Employment Commercial Service Airports Dodge City Dodge City Regional 68 83 151 Garden City Garden City Regional 87 93 180 Hays Hays Regional 56 68 124 Liberal Liberal Mid-America Regional 88 113 201 Manhattan Manhattan Regional 105 116 221 Salina Salina Regional 287 335 622 Wichita Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National 8,222 9,847 18,069 Commercial Service Airports Total 8,913 10,655 19,568

General Aviation Airports Abilene Abilene Municipal 10 12 22 Anthony Anthony Municipal 0 1 1 Atchison Amelia Earhart Memorial 4 4 8 Atwood Atwood-Rawlins County City-County 14 18 32 Augusta Augusta Municipal 122 155 277 Belleville Belleville Municipal 1 2 3 Beloit Moritz Memorial 7 9 16 Burlington Burlington-Coffey County 10 13 23 Chanute Chanute - Martin Johnson 7 9 16 Cimarron Cimarron Municipal 0 0 0 Clay Center Clay Center Municipal 10 10 20 Coffeyville Coffeyville Municipal 6 5 11 Colby Shalz Field 9 10 19 Concordia Blosser Municipal 2 3 5 El Dorado El Dorado/Capt. Jack Thomas Memorial 9 12 21 Elkhart Elkhart-Morton County 3 2 5 Ellsworth Ellsworth Municipal 2 2 4 Emporia Emporia Municipal 24 30 54 Eureka Lt. William M. Milliken 4 4 8 Fort Scott Fort Scott Municipal 7 8 15 Gardner Gardner Municipal 3 2 5 Garnett Garnett Industrial 4 4 8 Goodland Renner Field - Goodland Municipal 53 67 120 Great Bend Great Bend Municipal 61 72 133 Herington Herington Regional 4 4 8

A-12 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

Table A- 6 On-Airport Employment at Kansas NPIAS Airports

First Round Second Round Total On- On-Airport On-Airport Airport Associated City Airport Employment Employment Employment Hill City Hill City Municipal 7 9 16 Hugoton Hugoton Municipal 9 12 21 Hutchinson Hutchinson Municipal 71 64 135 Independence Independence Municipal 943 1,195 2,138 Iola Allen County 1 1 2 Johnson Stanton County Municipal 11 13 24 Junction City Freeman Field 20 24 44 Kingman Kingman - Clyde Cessna Field 3 4 7 Lakin Kearny County 6 6 12 Larned Larned - Pawnee County 7 8 15 Lawrence Lawrence Municipal 34 42 76 Leoti Mark Hoard Memorial 5 6 11 Lyons Lyons - Rice County Municipal 10 13 23 Marysville Marysville Municipal 3 4 7 McPherson McPherson 12 13 25 Meade Meade Municipal 2 1 3 Medicine Lodge Medicine Lodge 0 1 1 Ness City Ness City Memorial 0 0 0 Newton Newton City/County 326 417 743 Norton Norton Municipal 5 7 12 Oakley Oakley Municipal 10 14 24 Oberlin Oberlin Municipal 6 9 15 Olathe Johnson County Executive 172 218 390 Olathe New Century AirCenter 318 381 699 Osage City Osage City Municipal 20 26 46 Oswego Oswego Municipal 2 4 6 Ottawa Ottawa Municipal 14 18 32 Paola Miami County 16 12 28 Parsons Tri-City 5 6 11 Phillipsburg Phillipsburg Municipal 8 9 17 Pittsburg Atkinson Municipal 18 21 39 Pratt Pratt Regional 20 25 45 Russell Russell Municipal 2 2 4 Sabetha Sabetha Municipal 1 0 1 Satanta Satanta Municipal 13 16 29 Scott City Scott City Municipal 7 9 16

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-13

Table A- 6 On-Airport Employment at Kansas NPIAS Airports

First Round Second Round Total On- On-Airport On-Airport Airport Associated City Airport Employment Employment Employment Smith Center Smith Center Municipal 4 5 9 St. Francis St. Francis-Cheyenne County 8 10 18 Stockton Rooks County Regional 8 10 18 Syracuse Syracuse - Hamilton County Municipal 8 10 18 Topeka Philip Billard Municipal 78 85 163 Topeka Topeka Regional 867 901 1,768 Tribune Tribune Municipal 3 5 8 Ulysses Ulysses 15 18 33 WaKeeney Trego WaKeeney 7 11 18 Wellington Wellington Municipal 424 537 961 Wichita Col. James Jabara 450 581 1,031 Winfield Strother Field 677 863 1,540 General Aviation Airports Total 5,032 6,104 11,136

All Airports Total 13,945 16,759 30,704 Source: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

A-14 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

Table A- 7 General Aviation Visitor-Related Employment at Kansas NPIAS Airports First Round Second Round Total GA GA Visitor GA Visitor Visitor Associated City Airport Name Employment Employment Employment Commercial Service Airports Dodge City Dodge City Regional 13 4 17 Garden City Garden City Regional 6 2 8 Hays Hays Regional 10 3 13 Liberal Liberal Mid-America Regional 17 5 22 Manhattan Manhattan Regional 10 4 14 Salina Salina Regional 7 2 9 Wichita Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National 45 15 60 Commercial Service Airports Total 108 35 143

General Aviation Airports Abilene Abilene Municipal 6 2 8 Anthony Anthony Municipal 0 0 0 Atchison Amelia Earhart Memorial 1 0 1 Atwood Atwood-Rawlins County City-County 1 1 2 Augusta Augusta Municipal 5 1 6 Belleville Belleville Municipal 0 0 0 Beloit Moritz Memorial 1 0 1 Burlington Burlington-Coffey County 2 1 3 Chanute Chanute - Martin Johnson 3 1 4 Cimarron Cimarron Municipal 0 0 0 Clay Center Clay Center Municipal 1 1 2 Coffeyville Coffeyville Municipal 0 0 0 Colby Shalz Field 1 0 1 Concordia Blosser Municipal 2 0 2 El Dorado El Dorado/Capt. Jack Thomas Memorial 1 0 1 Elkhart Elkhart-Morton County 1 0 1 Ellsworth Ellsworth Municipal 1 0 1 Emporia Emporia Municipal 1 0 1 Eureka Lt. William M. Milliken 0 0 0 Fort Scott Fort Scott Municipal 0 1 1 Gardner Gardner Municipal 1 0 1 Garnett Garnett Industrial 0 0 0 Goodland Renner Field - Goodland Municipal 6 2 8 Great Bend Great Bend Municipal 3 1 4 Herington Herington Regional 1 0 1 Hill City Hill City Municipal 1 0 1

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-15

Table A- 7 General Aviation Visitor-Related Employment at Kansas NPIAS Airports First Round Second Round Total GA GA Visitor GA Visitor Visitor Associated City Airport Name Employment Employment Employment Hugoton Hugoton Municipal 1 0 1 Hutchinson Hutchinson Municipal 15 5 20 Independence Independence Municipal 3 1 4 Iola Allen County 2 1 3 Johnson Stanton County Municipal 3 1 4 Junction City Freeman Field 0 0 0 Kingman Kingman - Clyde Cessna Field 1 1 2 Lakin Kearny County 0 0 0 Larned Larned - Pawnee County 1 1 2 Lawrence Lawrence Municipal 16 5 21 Leoti Mark Hoard Memorial 0 0 0 Lyons Lyons - Rice County Municipal 1 0 1 Marysville Marysville Municipal 1 0 1 McPherson McPherson 6 2 8 Meade Meade Municipal 1 0 1 Medicine Lodge Medicine Lodge 0 0 0 Ness City Ness City Memorial 0 0 0 Newton Newton City/County 28 10 38 Norton Norton Municipal 0 0 0 Oakley Oakley Municipal 2 0 2 Oberlin Oberlin Municipal 3 1 4 Olathe Johnson County Executive 23 8 31 Olathe New Century AirCenter 22 7 29 Osage City Osage City Municipal 0 0 0 Oswego Oswego Municipal 0 0 0 Ottawa Ottawa Municipal 2 0 2 Paola Miami County 0 1 1 Parsons Tri-City 0 0 0 Phillipsburg Phillipsburg Municipal 1 0 1 Pittsburg Atkinson Municipal 6 2 8 Pratt Pratt Regional 3 1 4 Russell Russell Municipal 2 0 2 Sabetha Sabetha Municipal 0 1 1 Satanta Satanta Municipal 0 0 0 Scott City Scott City Municipal 1 0 1 Smith Center Smith Center Municipal 0 1 1 St. Francis St. Francis-Cheyenne County 0 0 0

A-16 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

Table A- 7 General Aviation Visitor-Related Employment at Kansas NPIAS Airports First Round Second Round Total GA GA Visitor GA Visitor Visitor Associated City Airport Name Employment Employment Employment Stockton Rooks County Regional 0 0 0 Syracuse Syracuse - Hamilton County Municipal 0 1 1 Topeka Philip Billard Municipal 29 9 38 Topeka Topeka Regional 4 2 6 Tribune Tribune Municipal 0 0 0 Ulysses Ulysses 2 1 3 WaKeeney Trego WaKeeney 0 0 0 Wellington Wellington Municipal 8 3 11 Wichita Col. James Jabara 16 6 22 Winfield Strother Field 2 1 3 General Aviation Airports Total 244 83 327

All Airports Total 352 118 470 Source: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

Table A- 8 Commercial Service Visitor-Related Employment at Kansas NPIAS Airports First Round Second Round Total Commercial Commercial Commercial Service Visitor Service Visitor Service Visitor Associated City Airport Name Employment Employment Employment Commercial Service Airports Dodge City Dodge City Regional 4 2 6 Garden City Garden City Regional 29 15 44 Great Bend Great Bend Municipal (Note 1) 0 0 0 Hays Hays Regional 22 11 33 Liberal Liberal Mid-America Regional 9 5 14 Manhattan Manhattan Regional 171 88 259 Salina Salina Regional 6 3 9 Wichita Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National 1,623 831 2,454 Commercial Service Airports Total 1,864 955 2,819 Note 1: Great Bend Municipal Airport is classified as a general aviation airport in the NPIAS, but was served by SeaPort Airlines in 2015. Source: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-17

Table A- 9 Total Employment at Kansas NPIAS Airports Total First Total Second Round Round Total Associated City Airport Name Employment Employment Employment Commercial Service Airports Dodge City Dodge City Regional 85 89 174 Garden City Garden City Regional 122 110 232 Hays Hays Regional 88 82 170 Liberal Liberal Mid-America Regional 114 123 237 Manhattan Manhattan Regional 286 208 494 Salina Salina Regional 300 340 640 Wichita Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National 9,890 10,693 20,583 Commercial Service Airports Total 10,885 11,645 22,530

General Aviation Airports Abilene Abilene Municipal 16 14 30 Anthony Anthony Municipal 0 1 1 Atchison Amelia Earhart Memorial 5 4 9 Atwood Atwood-Rawlins County City-County 15 19 34 Augusta Augusta Municipal 127 156 283 Belleville Belleville Municipal 1 2 3 Beloit Moritz Memorial 8 9 17 Burlington Burlington-Coffey County 12 14 26 Chanute Chanute - Martin Johnson 10 10 20 Cimarron Cimarron Municipal 0 0 0 Clay Center Clay Center Municipal 11 11 22 Coffeyville Coffeyville Municipal 6 5 11 Colby Shalz Field 10 10 20 Concordia Blosser Municipal 4 3 7 El Dorado El Dorado/Capt. Jack Thomas Memorial 10 12 22 Elkhart Elkhart-Morton County 4 2 6 Ellsworth Ellsworth Municipal 3 2 5 Emporia Emporia Municipal 25 30 55 Eureka Lt. William M. Milliken 4 4 8 Fort Scott Fort Scott Municipal 7 9 16 Gardner Gardner Municipal 4 2 6 Garnett Garnett Industrial 4 4 8 Goodland Renner Field - Goodland Municipal 59 69 128 Great Bend Great Bend Municipal 64 73 137 Herington Herington Regional 5 4 9 Hill City Hill City Municipal 8 9 17

A-18 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

Table A- 9 Total Employment at Kansas NPIAS Airports Total First Total Second Round Round Total Associated City Airport Name Employment Employment Employment Hugoton Hugoton Municipal 10 12 22 Hutchinson Hutchinson Municipal 86 69 155 Independence Independence Municipal 946 1,196 2,142 Iola Allen County 3 2 5 Johnson Stanton County Municipal 14 14 28 Junction City Freeman Field 20 24 44 Kingman Kingman - Clyde Cessna Field 4 5 9 Lakin Kearny County 6 6 12 Larned Larned - Pawnee County 8 9 17 Lawrence Lawrence Municipal 50 47 97 Leoti Mark Hoard Memorial 5 6 11 Lyons Lyons - Rice County Municipal 11 13 24 Marysville Marysville Municipal 4 4 8 McPherson McPherson 18 15 33 Meade Meade Municipal 3 1 4 Medicine Lodge Medicine Lodge 0 1 1 Ness City Ness City Memorial 0 0 0 Newton Newton City/County 354 427 781 Norton Norton Municipal 5 7 12 Oakley Oakley Municipal 12 14 26 Oberlin Oberlin Municipal 9 10 19 Olathe Johnson County Executive 195 226 421 Olathe New Century AirCenter 340 388 728 Osage City Osage City Municipal 20 26 46 Oswego Oswego Municipal 2 4 6 Ottawa Ottawa Municipal 16 18 34 Paola Miami County 16 13 29 Parsons Tri-City 5 6 11 Phillipsburg Phillipsburg Municipal 9 9 18 Pittsburg Atkinson Municipal 24 23 47 Pratt Pratt Regional 23 26 49 Russell Russell Municipal 4 2 6 Sabetha Sabetha Municipal 1 1 2 Satanta Satanta Municipal 13 16 29 Scott City Scott City Municipal 8 9 17 Smith Center Smith Center Municipal 4 6 10 St. Francis St. Francis-Cheyenne County 8 10 18

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-19

Table A- 9 Total Employment at Kansas NPIAS Airports Total First Total Second Round Round Total Associated City Airport Name Employment Employment Employment Stockton Rooks County Regional 8 10 18 Syracuse Syracuse - Hamilton County Municipal 8 11 19 Topeka Philip Billard Municipal 107 94 201 Topeka Topeka Regional 871 903 1,774 Tribune Tribune Municipal 3 5 8 Ulysses Ulysses 17 19 36 WaKeeney Trego WaKeeney 7 11 18 Wellington Wellington Municipal 432 540 972 Wichita Col. James Jabara 466 587 1,053 Winfield Strother Field 679 864 1,543 General Aviation Airports Total 5,276 6,187 11,463

All Airports Total 16,161 17,832 33,993 Source: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

A-20 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

Table A- 10 On-Airport Payroll at Kansas NPIAS Airports First Round On- Second Round On- Total On-Airport Associated City Airport Airport Payroll Airport Payroll Payroll Commercial Service Airports Dodge City Dodge City Regional $3,490,600 $2,646,200 $6,136,800 Garden City Garden City Regional $4,241,700 $3,126,100 $7,367,800 Hays Hays Regional $1,707,600 $1,293,300 $3,000,900 Liberal Liberal Mid-America Regional $3,809,100 $2,972,200 $6,781,300 Manhattan Manhattan Regional $4,215,900 $3,178,400 $7,394,300 Salina Salina Regional $14,601,300 $10,957,600 $25,558,900 Wichita Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National $641,315,800 $502,134,400 $1,143,450,200 Commercial Service Airports Total $673,382,000 $526,308,200 $1,199,690,200

General Aviation Airports Abilene Abilene Municipal $386,800 $293,600 $680,400 Anthony Anthony Municipal $14,800 $12,400 $27,200 Atchison Amelia Earhart Memorial $113,600 $89,100 $202,700 Atwood Atwood-Rawlins County City-County $510,200 $413,000 $923,200 Augusta Augusta Municipal $7,200,800 $5,727,000 $12,927,800 Belleville Belleville Municipal $60,100 $48,500 $108,600 Beloit Moritz Memorial $241,800 $194,800 $436,600 Burlington Burlington-Coffey County $529,300 $391,700 $921,000 Chanute Chanute - Martin Johnson $338,700 $262,900 $601,600 Cimarron Cimarron Municipal $0 $0 $0 Clay Center Clay Center Municipal $448,400 $342,800 $791,200 Coffeyville Coffeyville Municipal $109,900 $84,200 $194,100 Colby Shalz Field $337,100 $267,400 $604,500 Concordia Blosser Municipal $82,200 $58,000 $140,200 El Dorado El Dorado/Capt. Jack Thomas Memorial $472,500 $369,300 $841,800 Elkhart Elkhart-Morton County $90,200 $72,200 $162,400 Ellsworth Ellsworth Municipal $83,600 $68,600 $152,200 Emporia Emporia Municipal $1,286,800 $1,010,400 $2,297,200 Eureka Lt. William M. Milliken $162,900 $127,200 $290,100 Fort Scott Fort Scott Municipal $344,100 $262,600 $606,700 Gardner Gardner Municipal $99,500 $79,900 $179,400 Garnett Garnett Industrial $120,100 $95,300 $215,400 Goodland Renner Field - Goodland Municipal $2,395,400 $1,819,100 $4,214,500 Great Bend Great Bend Municipal $2,569,800 $2,028,700 $4,598,500 Herington Herington Regional $112,000 $92,000 $204,000 Hill City Hill City Municipal $225,000 $180,100 $405,100 Hugoton Hugoton Municipal $350,000 $278,100 $628,100

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-21

Table A- 10 On-Airport Payroll at Kansas NPIAS Airports First Round On- Second Round On- Total On-Airport Associated City Airport Airport Payroll Airport Payroll Payroll Hutchinson Hutchinson Municipal $2,496,100 $1,898,700 $4,394,800 Independence Independence Municipal $57,466,200 $45,723,400 $103,189,600 Iola Allen County $46,000 $30,700 $76,700 Johnson Stanton County Municipal $380,500 $303,600 $684,100 Junction City Freeman Field $1,464,600 $1,163,600 $2,628,200 Kingman Kingman - Clyde Cessna Field $134,200 $107,600 $241,800 Lakin Kearny County $290,200 $208,100 $498,300 Larned Larned - Pawnee County $303,000 $241,700 $544,700 Lawrence Lawrence Municipal $1,938,500 $1,527,800 $3,466,300 Leoti Mark Hoard Memorial $202,800 $164,600 $367,400 Lyons Lyons - Rice County Municipal $355,300 $286,000 $641,300 Marysville Marysville Municipal $191,400 $154,900 $346,300 McPherson McPherson $369,000 $287,300 $656,300 Meade Meade Municipal $68,900 $55,900 $124,800 Medicine Lodge Medicine Lodge $9,300 $7,900 $17,200 Ness City Ness City Memorial $0 $0 $0 Newton Newton City/County $15,199,200 $12,086,400 $27,285,600 Norton Norton Municipal $160,900 $127,100 $288,000 Oakley Oakley Municipal $424,600 $335,800 $760,400 Oberlin Oberlin Municipal $162,800 $135,400 $298,200 Olathe Johnson County Executive $5,953,300 $4,724,800 $10,678,100 Olathe New Century AirCenter $18,966,300 $14,386,600 $33,352,900 Osage City Osage City Municipal $1,317,900 $1,052,300 $2,370,200 Oswego Oswego Municipal $144,100 $108,800 $252,900 Ottawa Ottawa Municipal $763,700 $607,400 $1,371,100 Paola Miami County $606,900 $464,800 $1,071,700 Parsons Tri-City $127,400 $104,900 $232,300 Phillipsburg Phillipsburg Municipal $361,900 $293,300 $655,200 Pittsburg Atkinson Municipal $849,700 $658,600 $1,508,300 Pratt Pratt Regional $736,800 $572,000 $1,308,800 Russell Russell Municipal $63,800 $51,700 $115,500 Sabetha Sabetha Municipal $15,100 $11,100 $26,200 Satanta Satanta Municipal $595,000 $475,400 $1,070,400 Scott City Scott City Municipal $362,700 $275,600 $638,300 Smith Center Smith Center Municipal $164,700 $131,500 $296,200 St. Francis St. Francis-Cheyenne County $195,600 $161,500 $357,100 Stockton Rooks County Regional $270,900 $228,200 $499,100 Syracuse Syracuse - Hamilton County Municipal $318,500 $253,500 $572,000

A-22 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

Table A- 10 On-Airport Payroll at Kansas NPIAS Airports First Round On- Second Round On- Total On-Airport Associated City Airport Airport Payroll Airport Payroll Payroll Topeka Philip Billard Municipal $4,291,600 $3,067,500 $7,359,100 Topeka Topeka Regional $46,030,600 $31,435,300 $77,465,900 Tribune Tribune Municipal $120,900 $498,600 $619,500 Ulysses Ulysses $621,800 $495,400 $1,117,200 WaKeeney Trego WaKeeney $283,000 $229,200 $512,200 Wellington Wellington Municipal $26,596,200 $21,158,500 $47,754,700 Wichita Col. James Jabara $22,402,700 $17,904,400 $40,307,100 Winfield Strother Field $85,981,700 $68,422,100 $154,403,800 General Aviation Airports Total $318,491,900 $247,288,400 $565,780,300

All Airports Total $991,873,900 $773,596,600 $1,765,470,500 Source: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-23

Table A- 11 General Aviation Visitor-Related Payroll at Kansas NPIAS Airports

First Round GA Second Round GA Total GA Visitor Associated City Airport Visitor Payroll Visitor Payroll Payroll Commercial Service Airports Dodge City Dodge City Regional $293,000 $163,100 $456,100 Garden City Garden City Regional $142,800 $79,500 $222,300 Hays Hays Regional $228,100 $127,000 $355,100 Liberal Liberal Mid-America Regional $377,700 $210,300 $588,000 Manhattan Manhattan Regional $236,500 $131,700 $368,200 Salina Salina Regional $159,000 $88,500 $247,500 Wichita Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National $1,016,100 $565,700 $1,581,800 Commercial Service Airports Total $2,453,200 $1,365,800 $3,819,000

General Aviation Airports Abilene Abilene Municipal $138,000 $76,800 $214,800 Anthony Anthony Municipal $8,000 $4,500 $12,500 Atchison Amelia Earhart Memorial $13,700 $7,600 $21,300 Atwood Atwood-Rawlins County City-County $27,600 $15,400 $43,000 Augusta Augusta Municipal $104,300 $58,100 $162,400 Belleville Belleville Municipal $8,100 $4,500 $12,600 Beloit Moritz Memorial $21,600 $12,000 $33,600 Burlington Burlington-Coffey County $55,200 $30,700 $85,900 Chanute Chanute - Martin Johnson $62,600 $34,800 $97,400 Cimarron Cimarron Municipal $1,300 $800 $2,100 Clay Center Clay Center Municipal $33,500 $18,600 $52,100 Coffeyville Coffeyville Municipal $5,500 $3,100 $8,600 Colby Shalz Field $17,200 $9,600 $26,800 Concordia Blosser Municipal $42,400 $23,600 $66,000 El Dorado El Dorado/Capt. Jack Thomas Memorial $24,100 $13,500 $37,600 Elkhart Elkhart-Morton County $17,800 $9,900 $27,700 Ellsworth Ellsworth Municipal $22,200 $12,300 $34,500 Emporia Emporia Municipal $17,200 $9,600 $26,800 Eureka Lt. William M. Milliken $2,700 $1,500 $4,200 Fort Scott Fort Scott Municipal $9,000 $5,000 $14,000 Gardner Gardner Municipal $21,100 $11,700 $32,800 Garnett Garnett Industrial $800 $500 $1,300 Goodland Renner Field - Goodland Municipal $129,000 $71,800 $200,800 Great Bend Great Bend Municipal $66,300 $37,000 $103,300 Herington Herington Regional $16,200 $9,000 $25,200 Hill City Hill City Municipal $13,800 $7,700 $21,500

A-24 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

Table A- 11 General Aviation Visitor-Related Payroll at Kansas NPIAS Airports

First Round GA Second Round GA Total GA Visitor Associated City Airport Visitor Payroll Visitor Payroll Payroll Hugoton Hugoton Municipal $13,800 $7,700 $21,500 Hutchinson Hutchinson Municipal $343,000 $191,000 $534,000 Independence Independence Municipal $74,600 $41,600 $116,200 Iola Allen County $55,200 $30,700 $85,900 Johnson Stanton County Municipal $60,000 $33,400 $93,400 Junction City Freeman Field $5,900 $3,300 $9,200 Kingman Kingman - Clyde Cessna Field $26,200 $14,600 $40,800 Lakin Kearny County $1,300 $800 $2,100 Larned Larned - Pawnee County $33,100 $18,400 $51,500 Lawrence Lawrence Municipal $351,100 $195,400 $546,500 Leoti Mark Hoard Memorial $2,700 $1,500 $4,200 Lyons Lyons - Rice County Municipal $18,900 $10,500 $29,400 Marysville Marysville Municipal $13,500 $7,600 $21,100 McPherson McPherson $130,800 $72,900 $203,700 Meade Meade Municipal $13,800 $7,700 $21,500 Medicine Lodge Medicine Lodge $300 $100 $400 Ness City Ness City Memorial $2,700 $1,500 $4,200 Newton Newton City/County $641,600 $357,200 $998,800 Norton Norton Municipal $6,900 $3,800 $10,700 Oakley Oakley Municipal $35,200 $19,600 $54,800 Oberlin Oberlin Municipal $64,500 $35,900 $100,400 Olathe Johnson County Executive $521,200 $290,100 $811,300 Olathe New Century AirCenter $494,500 $275,400 $769,900 Osage City Osage City Municipal $1,500 $800 $2,300 Oswego Oswego Municipal $800 $500 $1,300 Ottawa Ottawa Municipal $34,500 $19,200 $53,700 Paola Miami County $9,400 $5,200 $14,600 Parsons Tri-City $7,400 $4,100 $11,500 Phillipsburg Phillipsburg Municipal $24,100 $13,500 $37,600 Pittsburg Atkinson Municipal $129,000 $71,800 $200,800 Pratt Pratt Regional $70,000 $39,000 $109,000 Russell Russell Municipal $41,400 $23,000 $64,400 Sabetha Sabetha Municipal $8,600 $4,800 $13,400 Satanta Satanta Municipal $800 $500 $1,300 Scott City Scott City Municipal $22,100 $12,300 $34,400 Smith Center Smith Center Municipal $10,300 $5,800 $16,100 St. Francis St. Francis-Cheyenne County $2,200 $1,200 $3,400

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-25

Table A- 11 General Aviation Visitor-Related Payroll at Kansas NPIAS Airports

First Round GA Second Round GA Total GA Visitor Associated City Airport Visitor Payroll Visitor Payroll Payroll Stockton Rooks County Regional $200 $100 $300 Syracuse Syracuse - Hamilton County Municipal $9,700 $5,300 $15,000 Topeka Philip Billard Municipal $646,700 $360,000 $1,006,700 Topeka Topeka Regional $99,500 $55,400 $154,900 Tribune Tribune Municipal $1,900 $1,000 $2,900 Ulysses Ulysses $44,500 $24,800 $69,300 WaKeeney Trego WaKeeney $2,700 $1,500 $4,200 Wellington Wellington Municipal $180,600 $100,500 $281,100 Wichita Col. James Jabara $371,100 $206,600 $577,700 Winfield Strother Field $55,300 $30,800 $86,100 General Aviation Airports Total $5,564,300 $3,098,000 $8,662,300

All Airports Total $8,017,500 $4,463,800 $12,481,300 Source: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

Table A- 12 Commercial Service Visitor-Related Payroll at Kansas NPIAS Airports First Round Second Round Commercial Commercial Total Commercial Service Visitor Service Visitor Service Visitor Associated City Airport Payroll Payroll Payroll Commercial Service Airports Dodge City Dodge City Regional $90,400 $61,700 $152,100 Garden City Garden City Regional $655,400 $447,100 $1,102,500 Great Bend Great Bend Municipal (Note 1) $0 $0 $0 Hays Hays Regional $497,200 $339,200 $836,400 Liberal Liberal Mid-America Regional $203,400 $138,800 $342,200 Manhattan Manhattan Regional $3,864,600 $2,636,300 $6,500,900 Salina Salina Regional $135,600 $92,500 $228,100 Wichita Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National $36,679,800 $25,022,000 $61,701,800 Commercial Service Airports Total $42,126,400 $28,737,600 $70,864,000 Note 1: Great Bend Municipal Airport is classified as a general aviation airport in the NPIAS, but was served by SeaPort Airlines in 2015. Source: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

A-26 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

Table A- 13 Total Payroll at Kansas NPIAS Airports Total First Round Total Second Total Associated City Airport Payroll Round Payroll Payroll Commercial Service Airports Dodge City Dodge City Regional $3,874,000 $2,871,000 $6,745,000 Garden City Garden City Regional $5,039,900 $3,652,700 $8,692,600 Hays Hays Regional $2,432,900 $1,759,500 $4,192,400 Liberal Liberal Mid-America Regional $4,390,200 $3,321,300 $7,711,500 Manhattan Manhattan Regional $8,317,000 $5,946,400 $14,263,400 Salina Salina Regional $14,895,900 $11,138,600 $26,034,500 Wichita Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National $679,011,700 $527,722,100 $1,206,733,800 Commercial Service Airports Total $717,961,600 $556,411,600 $1,274,373,200

General Aviation Airports Abilene Abilene Municipal $524,800 $370,400 $895,200 Anthony Anthony Municipal $22,800 $16,900 $39,700 Atchison Amelia Earhart Memorial $127,300 $96,700 $224,000 Atwood Atwood-Rawlins County City-County $537,800 $428,400 $966,200 Augusta Augusta Municipal $7,305,100 $5,785,100 $13,090,200 Belleville Belleville Municipal $68,200 $53,000 $121,200 Beloit Moritz Memorial $263,400 $206,800 $470,200 Burlington Burlington-Coffey County $584,500 $422,400 $1,006,900 Chanute Chanute - Martin Johnson $401,300 $297,700 $699,000 Cimarron Cimarron Municipal $1,300 $800 $2,100 Clay Center Clay Center Municipal $481,900 $361,400 $843,300 Coffeyville Coffeyville Municipal $115,400 $87,300 $202,700 Colby Shalz Field $354,300 $277,000 $631,300 Concordia Blosser Municipal $124,600 $81,600 $206,200 El Dorado El Dorado/Capt. Jack Thomas Memorial $496,600 $382,800 $879,400 Elkhart Elkhart-Morton County $108,000 $82,100 $190,100 Ellsworth Ellsworth Municipal $105,800 $80,900 $186,700 Emporia Emporia Municipal $1,304,000 $1,020,000 $2,324,000 Eureka Lt. William M. Milliken $165,600 $128,700 $294,300 Fort Scott Fort Scott Municipal $353,100 $267,600 $620,700 Gardner Gardner Municipal $120,600 $91,600 $212,200 Garnett Garnett Industrial $120,900 $95,800 $216,700 Goodland Renner Field - Goodland Municipal $2,524,400 $1,890,900 $4,415,300 Great Bend Great Bend Municipal $2,636,100 $2,065,700 $4,701,800 Herington Herington Regional $128,200 $101,000 $229,200 Hill City Hill City Municipal $238,800 $187,800 $426,600 Hugoton Hugoton Municipal $363,800 $285,800 $649,600

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-27

Table A- 13 Total Payroll at Kansas NPIAS Airports Total First Round Total Second Total Associated City Airport Payroll Round Payroll Payroll Hutchinson Hutchinson Municipal $2,839,100 $2,089,700 $4,928,800 Independence Independence Municipal $57,540,800 $45,765,000 $103,305,800 Iola Allen County $101,200 $61,400 $162,600 Johnson Stanton County Municipal $440,500 $337,000 $777,500 Junction City Freeman Field $1,470,500 $1,166,900 $2,637,400 Kingman Kingman - Clyde Cessna Field $160,400 $122,200 $282,600 Lakin Kearny County $291,500 $208,900 $500,400 Larned Larned - Pawnee County $336,100 $260,100 $596,200 Lawrence Lawrence Municipal $2,289,600 $1,723,200 $4,012,800 Leoti Mark Hoard Memorial $205,500 $166,100 $371,600 Lyons Lyons - Rice County Municipal $374,200 $296,500 $670,700 Marysville Marysville Municipal $204,900 $162,500 $367,400 McPherson McPherson $499,800 $360,200 $860,000 Meade Meade Municipal $82,700 $63,600 $146,300 Medicine Lodge Medicine Lodge $9,600 $8,000 $17,600 Ness City Ness City Memorial $2,700 $1,500 $4,200 Newton Newton City/County $15,840,800 $12,443,600 $28,284,400 Norton Norton Municipal $167,800 $130,900 $298,700 Oakley Oakley Municipal $459,800 $355,400 $815,200 Oberlin Oberlin Municipal $227,300 $171,300 $398,600 Olathe Johnson County Executive $6,474,500 $5,014,900 $11,489,400 Olathe New Century AirCenter $19,460,800 $14,662,000 $34,122,800 Osage City Osage City Municipal $1,319,400 $1,053,100 $2,372,500 Oswego Oswego Municipal $144,900 $109,300 $254,200 Ottawa Ottawa Municipal $798,200 $626,600 $1,424,800 Paola Miami County $616,300 $470,000 $1,086,300 Parsons Tri-City $134,800 $109,000 $243,800 Phillipsburg Phillipsburg Municipal $386,000 $306,800 $692,800 Pittsburg Atkinson Municipal $978,700 $730,400 $1,709,100 Pratt Pratt Regional $806,800 $611,000 $1,417,800 Russell Russell Municipal $105,200 $74,700 $179,900 Sabetha Sabetha Municipal $23,700 $15,900 $39,600 Satanta Satanta Municipal $595,800 $475,900 $1,071,700 Scott City Scott City Municipal $384,800 $287,900 $672,700 Smith Center Smith Center Municipal $175,000 $137,300 $312,300 St. Francis St. Francis-Cheyenne County $197,800 $162,700 $360,500 Stockton Rooks County Regional $271,100 $228,300 $499,400 Syracuse Syracuse - Hamilton County Municipal $328,200 $258,800 $587,000

A-28 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

Table A- 13 Total Payroll at Kansas NPIAS Airports Total First Round Total Second Total Associated City Airport Payroll Round Payroll Payroll Topeka Philip Billard Municipal $4,938,300 $3,427,500 $8,365,800 Topeka Topeka Regional $46,130,100 $31,490,700 $77,620,800 Tribune Tribune Municipal $122,800 $499,600 $622,400 Ulysses Ulysses $666,300 $520,200 $1,186,500 WaKeeney Trego WaKeeney $285,700 $230,700 $516,400 Wellington Wellington Municipal $26,776,800 $21,259,000 $48,035,800 Wichita Col. James Jabara $22,773,800 $18,111,000 $40,884,800 Winfield Strother Field $86,037,000 $68,452,900 $154,489,900 General Aviation Airports Total $324,056,200 $250,386,400 $574,442,600

All Airports Total $1,042,017,800 $806,798,000 $1,848,815,800 Source: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-29

Table A- 14 On-Airport Output at Kansas NPIAS Airports First Round On- Second Round On- Total On-Airport Associated City Airport Airport Output Airport Output Output Commercial Service Airports Dodge City Dodge City Regional $15,964,200 $12,808,300 $28,772,500 Garden City Garden City Regional $17,811,100 $13,904,000 $31,715,100 Hays Hays Regional $7,821,500 $6,269,100 $14,090,600 Liberal Liberal Mid-America Regional $19,727,000 $15,511,000 $35,238,000 Manhattan Manhattan Regional $18,056,200 $13,631,100 $31,687,300 Salina Salina Regional $50,262,600 $38,673,100 $88,935,700 Wichita Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National $2,620,565,600 $2,132,149,800 $4,752,715,400 Commercial Service Airports Total $2,750,208,200 $2,232,946,400 $4,983,154,600

General Aviation Airports Abilene Abilene Municipal $1,218,500 $878,400 $2,096,900 Anthony Anthony Municipal $127,600 $87,100 $214,700 Atchison Amelia Earhart Memorial $492,500 $340,700 $833,200 Atwood Atwood-Rawlins County City-County $5,654,300 $4,532,000 $10,186,300 Augusta Augusta Municipal $33,033,600 $26,807,500 $59,841,100 Belleville Belleville Municipal $607,300 $491,000 $1,098,300 Beloit Moritz Memorial $1,198,000 $930,000 $2,128,000 Burlington Burlington-Coffey County $3,480,400 $2,757,700 $6,238,100 Chanute Chanute - Martin Johnson $1,482,700 $1,175,100 $2,657,800 Cimarron Cimarron Municipal $7,700 $5,200 $12,900 Clay Center Clay Center Municipal $2,188,500 $1,755,200 $3,943,700 Coffeyville Coffeyville Municipal $479,400 $373,100 $852,500 Colby Shalz Field $2,921,100 $2,329,100 $5,250,200 Concordia Blosser Municipal $278,400 $209,800 $488,200 El Dorado El Dorado/Capt. Jack Thomas Memorial $3,349,900 $2,670,000 $6,019,900 Elkhart Elkhart-Morton County $924,600 $707,500 $1,632,100 Ellsworth Ellsworth Municipal $820,000 $636,200 $1,456,200 Emporia Emporia Municipal $5,699,500 $4,560,800 $10,260,300 Eureka Lt. William M. Milliken $655,300 $482,700 $1,138,000 Fort Scott Fort Scott Municipal $1,909,300 $1,527,300 $3,436,600 Gardner Gardner Municipal $346,500 $247,500 $594,000 Garnett Garnett Industrial $511,400 $390,500 $901,900 Goodland Renner Field - Goodland Municipal $13,167,800 $10,642,300 $23,810,100 Great Bend Great Bend Municipal $9,886,800 $7,937,500 $17,824,300 Herington Herington Regional $980,000 $745,300 $1,725,300 Hill City Hill City Municipal $1,413,600 $1,041,200 $2,454,800 Hugoton Hugoton Municipal $2,444,200 $1,859,300 $4,303,500

A-30 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

Table A- 14 On-Airport Output at Kansas NPIAS Airports First Round On- Second Round On- Total On-Airport Associated City Airport Airport Output Airport Output Output Hutchinson Hutchinson Municipal $9,524,000 $7,484,100 $17,008,100 Independence Independence Municipal $412,754,600 $338,802,600 $751,557,200 Iola Allen County $326,500 $222,800 $549,300 Johnson Stanton County Municipal $3,389,800 $2,772,800 $6,162,600 Junction City Freeman Field $6,599,800 $5,402,000 $12,001,800 Kingman Kingman - Clyde Cessna Field $552,500 $401,200 $953,700 Lakin Kearny County $1,142,000 $855,900 $1,997,900 Larned Larned - Pawnee County $3,043,900 $2,459,700 $5,503,600 Lawrence Lawrence Municipal $6,563,500 $5,347,600 $11,911,100 Leoti Mark Hoard Memorial $1,983,200 $1,583,000 $3,566,200 Lyons Lyons - Rice County Municipal $2,385,000 $1,806,000 $4,191,000 Marysville Marysville Municipal $596,300 $454,800 $1,051,100 McPherson McPherson $1,289,700 $1,015,100 $2,304,800 Meade Meade Municipal $687,700 $545,800 $1,233,500 Medicine Lodge Medicine Lodge $68,900 $47,000 $115,900 Ness City Ness City Memorial $0 $0 $0 Newton Newton City/County $82,763,500 $67,482,700 $150,246,200 Norton Norton Municipal $1,643,300 $1,331,600 $2,974,900 Oakley Oakley Municipal $3,220,600 $2,517,400 $5,738,000 Oberlin Oberlin Municipal $1,211,300 $903,500 $2,114,800 Olathe Johnson County Executive $27,474,900 $22,375,400 $49,850,300 Olathe New Century AirCenter $88,240,700 $70,067,500 $158,308,200 Osage City Osage City Municipal $5,162,900 $4,224,600 $9,387,500 Oswego Oswego Municipal $972,700 $778,500 $1,751,200 Ottawa Ottawa Municipal $3,193,800 $2,533,400 $5,727,200 Paola Miami County $2,385,300 $1,876,700 $4,262,000 Parsons Tri-City $774,900 $588,200 $1,363,100 Phillipsburg Phillipsburg Municipal $2,799,900 $2,209,900 $5,009,800 Pittsburg Atkinson Municipal $4,701,500 $3,733,300 $8,434,800 Pratt Pratt Regional $3,996,700 $2,986,800 $6,983,500 Russell Russell Municipal $772,100 $622,000 $1,394,100 Sabetha Sabetha Municipal $72,500 $49,500 $122,000 Satanta Satanta Municipal $5,822,000 $4,773,600 $10,595,600 Scott City Scott City Municipal $2,595,900 $2,077,500 $4,673,400 Smith Center Smith Center Municipal $1,463,000 $1,151,500 $2,614,500 St. Francis St. Francis-Cheyenne County $1,189,400 $876,000 $2,065,400 Stockton Rooks County Regional $1,931,400 $1,586,200 $3,517,600 Syracuse Syracuse - Hamilton County Municipal $2,471,300 $1,971,800 $4,443,100

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-31

Table A- 14 On-Airport Output at Kansas NPIAS Airports First Round On- Second Round On- Total On-Airport Associated City Airport Airport Output Airport Output Output Topeka Philip Billard Municipal $10,133,100 $7,556,800 $17,689,900 Topeka Topeka Regional $95,940,300 $66,660,700 $162,601,000 Tribune Tribune Municipal $818,700 $1,840,500 $2,659,200 Ulysses Ulysses $3,576,800 $2,906,400 $6,483,200 WaKeeney Trego WaKeeney $2,652,400 $2,116,100 $4,768,500 Wellington Wellington Municipal $108,054,600 $88,649,600 $196,704,200 Wichita Col. James Jabara $85,166,700 $69,680,500 $154,847,200 Winfield Strother Field $979,935,100 $804,540,000 $1,784,475,100 General Aviation Airports Total $2,077,323,600 $1,685,988,600 $3,763,312,200

All Airports Total $4,827,531,800 $3,918,935,000 $8,746,466,800 Source: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

A-32 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

Table A- 15 General Aviation Visitor-Related Output at Kansas NPIAS Airports

First Round GA Second Round GA Total GA Visitor Associated City Airport Visitor Output Visitor Output Output Commercial Service Airports Dodge City Dodge City Regional $671,500 $487,800 $1,159,300 Garden City Garden City Regional $327,300 $237,700 $565,000 Hays Hays Regional $522,900 $379,700 $902,600 Liberal Liberal Mid-America Regional $865,800 $628,800 $1,494,600 Manhattan Manhattan Regional $542,200 $393,700 $935,900 Salina Salina Regional $364,400 $264,600 $629,000 Wichita Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National $2,328,900 $1,691,500 $4,020,400 Commercial Service Airports Total $5,623,000 $4,083,800 $9,706,800

General Aviation Airports Abilene Abilene Municipal $316,300 $229,600 $545,900 Anthony Anthony Municipal $18,400 $13,400 $31,800 Atchison Amelia Earhart Memorial $31,400 $22,900 $54,300 Atwood Atwood-Rawlins County City-County $63,300 $45,900 $109,200 Augusta Augusta Municipal $239,100 $173,600 $412,700 Belleville Belleville Municipal $18,600 $13,400 $32,000 Beloit Moritz Memorial $49,500 $35,900 $85,400 Burlington Burlington-Coffey County $126,500 $91,900 $218,400 Chanute Chanute - Martin Johnson $143,500 $104,100 $247,600 Cimarron Cimarron Municipal $3,100 $2,200 $5,300 Clay Center Clay Center Municipal $76,700 $55,700 $132,400 Coffeyville Coffeyville Municipal $12,700 $9,100 $21,800 Colby Shalz Field $39,500 $28,700 $68,200 Concordia Blosser Municipal $97,200 $70,700 $167,900 El Dorado El Dorado/Capt. Jack Thomas Memorial $55,300 $40,200 $95,500 Elkhart Elkhart-Morton County $40,800 $29,600 $70,400 Ellsworth Ellsworth Municipal $50,800 $36,900 $87,700 Emporia Emporia Municipal $39,500 $28,700 $68,200 Eureka Lt. William M. Milliken $6,200 $4,500 $10,700 Fort Scott Fort Scott Municipal $20,600 $14,900 $35,500 Gardner Gardner Municipal $48,300 $35,000 $83,300 Garnett Garnett Industrial $1,900 $1,300 $3,200 Goodland Renner Field - Goodland Municipal $295,600 $214,800 $510,400 Great Bend Great Bend Municipal $152,000 $110,500 $262,500 Herington Herington Regional $37,100 $27,000 $64,100 Hill City Hill City Municipal $31,600 $23,000 $54,600

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-33

Table A- 15 General Aviation Visitor-Related Output at Kansas NPIAS Airports

First Round GA Second Round GA Total GA Visitor Associated City Airport Visitor Output Visitor Output Output Hugoton Hugoton Municipal $31,600 $23,000 $54,600 Hutchinson Hutchinson Municipal $786,200 $571,000 $1,357,200 Independence Independence Municipal $171,100 $124,200 $295,300 Iola Allen County $126,500 $91,900 $218,400 Johnson Stanton County Municipal $137,600 $99,900 $237,500 Junction City Freeman Field $13,600 $9,900 $23,500 Kingman Kingman - Clyde Cessna Field $60,100 $43,600 $103,700 Lakin Kearny County $3,100 $2,200 $5,300 Larned Larned - Pawnee County $75,900 $55,100 $131,000 Lawrence Lawrence Municipal $804,700 $584,400 $1,389,100 Leoti Mark Hoard Memorial $6,200 $4,500 $10,700 Lyons Lyons - Rice County Municipal $43,200 $31,400 $74,600 Marysville Marysville Municipal $31,100 $22,500 $53,600 McPherson McPherson $299,900 $217,800 $517,700 Meade Meade Municipal $31,600 $23,000 $54,600 Medicine Lodge Medicine Lodge $600 $500 $1,100 Ness City Ness City Memorial $6,200 $4,500 $10,700 Newton Newton City/County $1,470,600 $1,068,100 $2,538,700 Norton Norton Municipal $15,800 $11,500 $27,300 Oakley Oakley Municipal $80,600 $58,600 $139,200 Oberlin Oberlin Municipal $147,800 $107,400 $255,200 Olathe Johnson County Executive $1,194,500 $867,600 $2,062,100 Olathe New Century AirCenter $1,133,600 $823,200 $1,956,800 Osage City Osage City Municipal $3,300 $2,500 $5,800 Oswego Oswego Municipal $1,900 $1,300 $3,200 Ottawa Ottawa Municipal $79,100 $57,400 $136,500 Paola Miami County $21,500 $15,600 $37,100 Parsons Tri-City $17,000 $12,300 $29,300 Phillipsburg Phillipsburg Municipal $55,300 $40,200 $95,500 Pittsburg Atkinson Municipal $295,600 $214,800 $510,400 Pratt Pratt Regional $160,500 $116,600 $277,100 Russell Russell Municipal $94,900 $68,900 $163,800 Sabetha Sabetha Municipal $19,800 $14,300 $34,100 Satanta Satanta Municipal $1,900 $1,300 $3,200 Scott City Scott City Municipal $50,600 $36,700 $87,300 Smith Center Smith Center Municipal $23,700 $17,200 $40,900 St. Francis St. Francis-Cheyenne County $5,000 $3,500 $8,500

A-34 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

Table A- 15 General Aviation Visitor-Related Output at Kansas NPIAS Airports

First Round GA Second Round GA Total GA Visitor Associated City Airport Visitor Output Visitor Output Output Stockton Rooks County Regional $500 $300 $800 Syracuse Syracuse - Hamilton County Municipal $22,100 $16,100 $38,200 Topeka Philip Billard Municipal $1,482,300 $1,076,500 $2,558,800 Topeka Topeka Regional $228,100 $165,600 $393,700 Tribune Tribune Municipal $4,300 $3,100 $7,400 Ulysses Ulysses $102,000 $74,100 $176,100 WaKeeney Trego WaKeeney $6,200 $4,500 $10,700 Wellington Wellington Municipal $413,900 $300,600 $714,500 Wichita Col. James Jabara $850,600 $617,800 $1,468,400 Winfield Strother Field $126,700 $92,000 $218,700 General Aviation Airports Total $12,754,400 $9,262,500 $22,016,900

All Airports Total $18,377,400 $13,346,300 $31,723,700 Source: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

Table A- 16 Commercial Service Visitor-Related Output at Kansas NPIAS Airports First Round Second Round Commercial Commercial Total Commercial Service Visitor Service Visitor Service Visitor Associated City Airport Output Output Output Commercial Service Airports Dodge City Dodge City Regional $294,600 $191,800 $486,400 Garden City Garden City Regional $2,432,300 $1,583,500 $4,015,800 Great Bend Great Bend Municipal (Note 1) $25,200 $16,400 $41,600 Hays Hays Regional $1,807,200 $1,176,500 $2,983,700 Liberal Liberal Mid-America Regional $781,600 $508,800 $1,290,400 Manhattan Manhattan Regional $14,164,000 $9,221,000 $23,385,000 Salina Salina Regional $532,400 $346,700 $879,100 Wichita Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National $134,367,900 $87,475,500 $221,843,400 Commercial Service Airports Total $154,405,200 $100,520,200 $254,925,400 Source: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-35

Table A- 17 Total Output at Kansas NPIAS Airports Total First Total Second Round Total Associated City Airport Round Output Output Output Commercial Service Airports Dodge City Dodge City Regional $16,930,300 $13,487,900 $30,418,200 Garden City Garden City Regional $20,570,700 $15,725,200 $36,295,900 Hays Hays Regional $10,151,600 $7,825,300 $17,976,900 Liberal Liberal Mid-America Regional $21,374,400 $16,648,600 $38,023,000 Manhattan Manhattan Regional $32,762,400 $23,245,800 $56,008,200 Salina Salina Regional $51,159,400 $39,284,400 $90,443,800 Wichita Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National $2,757,262,400 $2,221,316,800 $4,978,579,200 Commercial Service Airports Total $2,910,211,200 $2,337,534,000 $5,247,745,200

General Aviation Airports Abilene Abilene Municipal $1,534,800 $1,108,000 $2,642,800 Anthony Anthony Municipal $146,000 $100,500 $246,500 Atchison Amelia Earhart Memorial $523,900 $363,600 $887,500 Atwood Atwood-Rawlins County City-County $5,717,600 $4,577,900 $10,295,500 Augusta Augusta Municipal $33,272,700 $26,981,100 $60,253,800 Belleville Belleville Municipal $625,900 $504,400 $1,130,300 Beloit Moritz Memorial $1,247,500 $965,900 $2,213,400 Burlington Burlington-Coffey County $3,606,900 $2,849,600 $6,456,500 Chanute Chanute - Martin Johnson $1,626,200 $1,279,200 $2,905,400 Cimarron Cimarron Municipal $10,800 $7,400 $18,200 Clay Center Clay Center Municipal $2,265,200 $1,810,900 $4,076,100 Coffeyville Coffeyville Municipal $492,100 $382,200 $874,300 Colby Shalz Field $2,960,600 $2,357,800 $5,318,400 Concordia Blosser Municipal $375,600 $280,500 $656,100 El Dorado El Dorado/Capt. Jack Thomas Memorial $3,405,200 $2,710,200 $6,115,400 Elkhart Elkhart-Morton County $965,400 $737,100 $1,702,500 Ellsworth Ellsworth Municipal $870,800 $673,100 $1,543,900 Emporia Emporia Municipal $5,739,000 $4,589,500 $10,328,500 Eureka Lt. William M. Milliken $661,500 $487,200 $1,148,700 Fort Scott Fort Scott Municipal $1,929,900 $1,542,200 $3,472,100 Gardner Gardner Municipal $394,800 $282,500 $677,300 Garnett Garnett Industrial $513,300 $391,800 $905,100 Goodland Renner Field - Goodland Municipal $13,463,400 $10,857,100 $24,320,500 Great Bend Great Bend Municipal $10,064,000 $8,064,400 $18,128,400 Herington Herington Regional $1,017,100 $772,300 $1,789,400 Hill City Hill City Municipal $1,445,200 $1,064,200 $2,509,400 Hugoton Hugoton Municipal $2,475,800 $1,882,300 $4,358,100

A-36 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

Table A- 17 Total Output at Kansas NPIAS Airports Total First Total Second Round Total Associated City Airport Round Output Output Output Hutchinson Hutchinson Municipal $10,310,200 $8,055,100 $18,365,300 Independence Independence Municipal $412,925,700 $338,926,800 $751,852,500 Iola Allen County $453,000 $314,700 $767,700 Johnson Stanton County Municipal $3,527,400 $2,872,700 $6,400,100 Junction City Freeman Field $6,613,400 $5,411,900 $12,025,300 Kingman Kingman - Clyde Cessna Field $612,600 $444,800 $1,057,400 Lakin Kearny County $1,145,100 $858,100 $2,003,200 Larned Larned - Pawnee County $3,119,800 $2,514,800 $5,634,600 Lawrence Lawrence Municipal $7,368,200 $5,932,000 $13,300,200 Leoti Mark Hoard Memorial $1,989,400 $1,587,500 $3,576,900 Lyons Lyons - Rice County Municipal $2,428,200 $1,837,400 $4,265,600 Marysville Marysville Municipal $627,400 $477,300 $1,104,700 McPherson McPherson $1,589,600 $1,232,900 $2,822,500 Meade Meade Municipal $719,300 $568,800 $1,288,100 Medicine Lodge Medicine Lodge $69,500 $47,500 $117,000 Ness City Ness City Memorial $6,200 $4,500 $10,700 Newton Newton City/County $84,234,100 $68,550,800 $152,784,900 Norton Norton Municipal $1,659,100 $1,343,100 $3,002,200 Oakley Oakley Municipal $3,301,200 $2,576,000 $5,877,200 Oberlin Oberlin Municipal $1,359,100 $1,010,900 $2,370,000 Olathe Johnson County Executive $28,669,400 $23,243,000 $51,912,400 Olathe New Century AirCenter $89,374,300 $70,890,700 $160,265,000 Osage City Osage City Municipal $5,166,200 $4,227,100 $9,393,300 Oswego Oswego Municipal $974,600 $779,800 $1,754,400 Ottawa Ottawa Municipal $3,272,900 $2,590,800 $5,863,700 Paola Miami County $2,406,800 $1,892,300 $4,299,100 Parsons Tri-City $791,900 $600,500 $1,392,400 Phillipsburg Phillipsburg Municipal $2,855,200 $2,250,100 $5,105,300 Pittsburg Atkinson Municipal $4,997,100 $3,948,100 $8,945,200 Pratt Pratt Regional $4,157,200 $3,103,400 $7,260,600 Russell Russell Municipal $867,000 $690,900 $1,557,900 Sabetha Sabetha Municipal $92,300 $63,800 $156,100 Satanta Satanta Municipal $5,823,900 $4,774,900 $10,598,800 Scott City Scott City Municipal $2,646,500 $2,114,200 $4,760,700 Smith Center Smith Center Municipal $1,486,700 $1,168,700 $2,655,400 St. Francis St. Francis-Cheyenne County $1,194,400 $879,500 $2,073,900 Stockton Rooks County Regional $1,931,900 $1,586,500 $3,518,400 Syracuse Syracuse - Hamilton County Municipal $2,493,400 $1,987,900 $4,481,300

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-37

Table A- 17 Total Output at Kansas NPIAS Airports Total First Total Second Round Total Associated City Airport Round Output Output Output Topeka Philip Billard Municipal $11,615,400 $8,633,300 $20,248,700 Topeka Topeka Regional $96,168,400 $66,826,300 $162,994,700 Tribune Tribune Municipal $823,000 $1,843,600 $2,666,600 Ulysses Ulysses $3,678,800 $2,980,500 $6,659,300 WaKeeney Trego WaKeeney $2,658,600 $2,120,600 $4,779,200 Wellington Wellington Municipal $108,468,500 $88,950,200 $197,418,700 Wichita Col. James Jabara $86,017,300 $70,298,300 $156,315,600 Winfield Strother Field $980,061,800 $804,632,000 $1,784,693,800 General Aviation Airports Total $2,090,103,200 $1,695,267,500 $3,785,370,700

All Airports Total $5,000,314,400 $4,032,801,500 $9,033,115,900 Source: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

A-38 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

Table A- 18 Total Economic Impacts for Kansas NPIAS Airports Total Total Total Associated City Airport Employment Payroll Output Commercial Service Airports Dodge City Dodge City Regional 174 $6,745,000 $30,418,200 Garden City Garden City Regional 232 $8,692,600 $36,295,900 Hays Hays Regional 170 $4,192,400 $17,976,900 Liberal Liberal Mid-America Regional 237 $7,711,500 $38,023,000 Manhattan Manhattan Regional 494 $14,263,400 $56,008,200 Salina Salina Regional 640 $26,034,500 $90,443,800 Wichita Wichita Dwight D. Eisenhower National 20,583 $1,206,733,800 $4,978,579,200 Commercial Service Airports Total 22,530 $1,274,373,200 $5,247,745,200

General Aviation Airports Abilene Abilene Municipal 30 $895,200 $2,642,800 Anthony Anthony Municipal 1 $39,700 $246,500 Atchison Amelia Earhart Memorial 9 $224,000 $887,500 Atwood Atwood-Rawlins County City-County 34 $966,200 $10,295,500 Augusta Augusta Municipal 283 $13,090,200 $60,253,800 Belleville Belleville Municipal 3 $121,200 $1,130,300 Beloit Moritz Memorial 17 $470,200 $2,213,400 Burlington Burlington-Coffey County 26 $1,006,900 $6,456,500 Chanute Chanute - Martin Johnson 20 $699,000 $2,905,400 Cimarron Cimarron Municipal <1 $2,100 $18,200 Clay Center Clay Center Municipal 22 $843,300 $4,076,100 Coffeyville Coffeyville Municipal 11 $202,700 $874,300 Colby Shalz Field 20 $631,300 $5,318,400 Concordia Blosser Municipal 7 $206,200 $656,100 El Dorado El Dorado/Capt. Jack Thomas Memorial 22 $879,400 $6,115,400 Elkhart Elkhart-Morton County 6 $190,100 $1,702,500 Ellsworth Ellsworth Municipal 5 $186,700 $1,543,900 Emporia Emporia Municipal 55 $2,324,000 $10,328,500 Eureka Lt. William M. Milliken 8 $294,300 $1,148,700 Fort Scott Fort Scott Municipal 16 $620,700 $3,472,100 Gardner Gardner Municipal 6 $212,200 $677,300 Garnett Garnett Industrial 8 $216,700 $905,100 Goodland Renner Field - Goodland Municipal 128 $4,415,300 $24,320,500 Great Bend Great Bend Municipal 137 $4,701,800 $18,128,400 Herington Herington Regional 9 $229,200 $1,789,400 Hill City Hill City Municipal 17 $426,600 $2,509,400 Hugoton Hugoton Municipal 22 $649,600 $4,358,100

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-39

Table A- 18 Total Economic Impacts for Kansas NPIAS Airports Total Total Total Associated City Airport Employment Payroll Output Hutchinson Hutchinson Municipal 155 $4,928,800 $18,365,300 Independence Independence Municipal 2,142 $103,305,800 $751,852,500 Iola Allen County 5 $162,600 $767,700 Johnson Stanton County Municipal 28 $777,500 $6,400,100 Junction City Freeman Field 44 $2,637,400 $12,025,300 Kingman Kingman - Clyde Cessna Field 9 $282,600 $1,057,400 Lakin Kearny County 12 $500,400 $2,003,200 Larned Larned - Pawnee County 17 $596,200 $5,634,600 Lawrence Lawrence Municipal 97 $4,012,800 $13,300,200 Leoti Mark Hoard Memorial 11 $371,600 $3,576,900 Lyons Lyons - Rice County Municipal 24 $670,700 $4,265,600 Marysville Marysville Municipal 8 $367,400 $1,104,700 McPherson McPherson 33 $860,000 $2,822,500 Meade Meade Municipal 4 $146,300 $1,288,100 Medicine Lodge Medicine Lodge 1 $17,600 $117,000 Ness City Ness City Memorial <1 $4,200 $10,700 Newton Newton City/County 781 $28,284,400 $152,784,900 Norton Norton Municipal 12 $298,700 $3,002,200 Oakley Oakley Municipal 26 $815,200 $5,877,200 Oberlin Oberlin Municipal 19 $398,600 $2,370,000 Olathe Johnson County Executive 421 $11,489,400 $51,912,400 Olathe New Century AirCenter 728 $34,122,800 $160,265,000 Osage City Osage City Municipal 46 $2,372,500 $9,393,300 Oswego Oswego Municipal 6 $254,200 $1,754,400 Ottawa Ottawa Municipal 34 $1,424,800 $5,863,700 Paola Miami County 29 $1,086,300 $4,299,100 Parsons Tri-City 11 $243,800 $1,392,400 Phillipsburg Phillipsburg Municipal 18 $692,800 $5,105,300 Pittsburg Atkinson Municipal 47 $1,709,100 $8,945,200 Pratt Pratt Regional 49 $1,417,800 $7,260,600 Russell Russell Municipal 6 $179,900 $1,557,900 Sabetha Sabetha Municipal 2 $39,600 $156,100 Satanta Satanta Municipal 29 $1,071,700 $10,598,800 Scott City Scott City Municipal 17 $672,700 $4,760,700 Smith Center Smith Center Municipal 10 $312,300 $2,655,400 St. Francis St. Francis-Cheyenne County 18 $360,500 $2,073,900 Stockton Rooks County Regional 18 $499,400 $3,518,400 Syracuse Syracuse - Hamilton County Municipal 19 $587,000 $4,481,300

A-40 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

Table A- 18 Total Economic Impacts for Kansas NPIAS Airports Total Total Total Associated City Airport Employment Payroll Output Topeka Philip Billard Municipal 201 $8,365,800 $20,248,700 Topeka Topeka Regional 1,774 $77,620,800 $162,994,700 Tribune Tribune Municipal 8 $622,400 $2,666,600 Ulysses Ulysses 36 $1,186,500 $6,659,300 WaKeeney Trego WaKeeney 18 $516,400 $4,779,200 Wellington Wellington Municipal 972 $48,035,800 $197,418,700 Wichita Col. James Jabara 1,053 $40,884,800 $156,315,600 Winfield Strother Field 1,543 $154,489,900 $1,784,693,800 General Aviation Airports Total 11,463 $574,442,600 $3,785,370,700

All Airports Total 33,993 $1,848,815,800 $9,033,115,900 Source: CDM Smith and IMPLAN multipliers

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-35

Table A- 19 Qualitative Benefits of Kansas NPIAS Airports

N = Never = N

S = Seasonal = S

M = Monthly = M

W = Weekly W=

D = Daily = D

A-36 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

N = Never = N

S = Seasonal = S

M = Monthly = M

W = Weekly W=

D = Daily = D

Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update A-37

N = Never = N

S = Seasonal = S

M = Monthly = M

W = Weekly W=

D = Daily = D

A-38 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

N = Never = N

S = Seasonal = S

M = Monthly = M

W = Weekly W=

D = Daily = D

Source: Airport Management Survey and 2010 Kansas Aviation Economic Impact Study Update

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