Approved Budget for Fiscal Year 2018

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Approved Budget for Fiscal Year 2018 Approved Budget For Fiscal Year 2018 07/01/2017 City of Bozeman, Montana City of Bozeman, MT 1 FY18 Approved Budget City of Bozeman, MT 2 FY18 Approved Budget CITY OF BOZEMAN, MONTANA FISCAL YEAR 2017-2018 APPROVED OPERATING AND CAPITAL BUDGET CITY COMMISSION Carson Taylor— Mayor Cynthia Andrus—Deputy Mayor Jeff Krauss— Commissioner Chris Mehl—Commissioner I-Ho Pomeroy- Commissioner CITY MANAGER Dennis M. Taylor CITY STAFF Anna Rosenberry, CPA—Assistant City Manager Robin Crough—City Clerk City of Bozeman, MT 3 FY18 Approved Budget CITIZEN REVIEW AND PARTICIPATION ______________________________________________________________________________________________ The City encourages open and transparent government—and offers multiple ways to access this document in an effort to better inform city residents and property owners. • This document is available on the City of Bozeman’s website at www.bozeman.net, and • It is also available for review in the office of the City Clerk of the City of Bozeman during regular business hours (8 a.m. to 5 p.m. Monday through Friday) at 121 N. Rouse, Bozeman, Montana, and • It is available for review at the Bozeman Public Library in hard-copy form or via a library computer, and • Copies may be purchased from the Finance Department, 121 N. Rouse, Bozeman, Montana for $50. The public is strongly encouraged to attend all work sessions and public hearings held prior to final adoption of the budget. • Notices for these meetings are published in the legal advertisements of the Bozeman Daily Chronicle newspaper, and • Notices are also posted on the City’s website at www.bozeman.net. • Public Meetings of the City Commission are broadcast live on local-cable Channel 190. Meetings are also re-broadcast throughout the week. • Public Meetings are streamed live on the City’s website at www.bozeman.net. City of Bozeman, MT 4 FY18 Approved Budget DISTINGUISHED BUDGET PRESENTATION AWARD ______________________________________________________________________ The Government Finance Officers Association of the United States and Canada (GFOA) presented an award of Distinguished Budget Presentation to the City of Bozeman for its annual budget for the fiscal year beginning July 1, 2016. The City has received this award for each budget it has prepared in the past 26 years. In order to receive this award, a governmental unit must publish a budget document that meets program criteria as a policy document, as an operations guide, as a financial plan and as a communications device. This award is valid for a period of one year only. We believe our current budget continues to conform to program requirements, and we are submitting it to GFOA to determine its eligibility for another award. Distinguished Budget Presentation Award City of Bozeman, MT 5 FY18 Approved Budget City of Bozeman, MT 6 FY18 Approved Budget Contents CITIZEN REVIEW & PARTICIPATION 4 DISTINGUISHED BUDGET PRESENTATION AWARD 5 CITY MANAGER’S BUDGET MESSAGE 11 COMMUNITY, DEMOGRAPHIC, & STATISTICAL INFORMATION 18 POPULATION 19 CORE VALUES 22 VISION, MISSION, AND GOALS 23 PLANNING PROCESSES 24 FINANCIAL POLICIES 25 BUDGET DEVELOPMENT & ADMINISTRATION 25 REVENUE COLLECTION 26 EXPENDITURES AND PAYMENTS 27 DEBT ADMINISTRATION 29 RESERVES AND FUND BALANCES 30 FINANCIAL REPORTING & ACCOUNTING 31 FINANCIAL STRUCTURE 33 THE BUDGET PROCESS 37 CITY ORGANIZATIONAL CHART 42 FINANCIAL SUMMARY 43 CHANGES IN FUND BALANCE/WORKING CAPITAL 44 MILL LEVIES & MILL VALUES 46 APPROPRIATIONS BY TYPE 47 APPROPRIATIONS BY FUND 48 REVENUES BY SOURCE 49 City of Bozeman, MT 7 FY18 Approved Budget LEGAL DEBT LIMIT & BOND RATINGS 50 REVENUE DETAILS 51 REVENUE TRENDS & ANALYSIS 53 EXPENDITURE DETAILS 59 EXPENDITURE TRENDS & ANALYSIS 61 FUND BALANCES/WORKING CAPITAL TRENDS & ANALYSIS 68 REVENUE & EXPENDITURE DETAILS FOR EACH FUND 73 CITY LONG RANGE FINANCIAL PLANS 90 CITY COMMISSION 91 CITY MANAGER 94 MUNICIPAL COURT 97 CITY ATTORNEY 101 FINANCE 105 COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT 110 FACILITIES MANAGEMENT 113 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 116 HUMAN RESOURCES 119 POLICE 122 FIRE 129 BUILDING INSPECTION 133 PARKING 137 PUBLIC WORKS ADMINISTRATION 140 STREETS 144 STORMWATER 150 WATER TREATMENT PLANT 153 WATER OPERATIONS 157 WASTEWATER OPERATIONS 161 City of Bozeman, MT 8 FY18 Approved Budget WATER RECLAMATION FACILITY (WASTEWATER PLANT) 164 SOLID WASTE COLLECTION & RECYCLING 168 SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL 171 VEHICLE MAINTENANCE 174 CEMETERY 177 PARKS 181 FORESTRY 186 LIBRARY 190 RECREATION 194 COMMUNITY SERVICES 200 NON-DEPARTMENTAL 204 GENERAL OBLIGATION (G.O.) BONDS DEBT SERVICE 207 SPECIAL IMPROVEMENT DISTRICT (SID) REVOLVING FUND 210 SPECIAL DISTRICT DEBT 213 APPENDIX 216 CAPITAL EXPENDITURES SUMMARY 217 UTILITY RATE INCREASES 220 US CONSUMER PRICE INDEX 221 TRAILS, OPEN SPACE & PARKS BOND SCHEDULE 222 LIBRARY G.O. BOND SCHEDULE 226 TAX INCREMENT URBAN RENEWAL REVENUE BOND SCHEDULE 227 STAFFING SUMMARY 228 GLOSSARY OF KEY TERMS 230 City of Bozeman, MT 9 FY18 Approved Budget City of Bozeman, MT 10 FY18 Approved Budget July 1, 2017 Bozeman City Commission: I am pleased to present to you the Approved Budget for Fiscal Year 2017-2018 (FY18). This budget represents the thoughtful work of dozens of people in developing the spending plan for our organization for the coming fiscal year. Overview: Bozeman is a vital, growing and changing city. In my brief tenure with the city of Bozeman, I have been focused on bringing forward a budget that permits the city to live within our means, while at the same time attempts to help the city organization cope with our community’s rapid growth and change. Significant changes during the past 12 months 1. Continued Growth – Our community’s most recent evidence of continued growth includes the US Census data showing an estimated population increase of 4.3% this year, on top of the 4.2% increase for last year. We see strong building permit activity and increased traffic counts and congestion on City streets. So much of our budget recommendation is made in response to the prolonged growth that Bozeman continues to experience. 2. New Fuel Tax Dollars – As a result of the legislature’s adoption of House Bill 273, the City will receive approximately $266,000 in additional state fuel tax funding in FY18. This amount is expected to increase to nearly $700,000 in FY19. We are recommend a reducing the amount of Arterial & Collector District assessment increase because of this new funding source. 3. Marsy’s Law Implementation – In order to respond to the requirements of the Marsy’s Law provisions for victims of crimes, we recommend that a half-time position in the City Attorney’s office be increased to full-time, support be given for an increase in the County’s Victim’s Services programs, and to proceed with software implementations within our City Attorney’s office that were approved in FY17. City of Bozeman, MT 11 FY18 Approved Budget 4. Strategic Plan - With the Commission’s Strategic Planning effort underway but not completed, we are attempting to get ahead of a few key Strategic Plan priorities by including a full-time Communications Coordinator position beginning in January 2018. Staffing Level Changes Attempting to maintain our current levels of service will require additional staff this year in numerous departments. General Fund Positions - Approved additions in the General Fund include: Department/Division Position Full-Time Equivalents Municipal Court Veterans Court Administrator – 1.00 Pending the Grant Award City Attorney’s Office 0.5 Administrative Assistant 0.50 to 1.0 Legal Assistant I Facilities Facilities Service Worker 1.00 City Manager’s Office Communications Coordinator 0.5 FTE (Full Time, Jan 2018) Total 3.0 FTE Enterprise & Special Revenue Fund Positions - Approved additions in the Enterprise and Special Revenue Funds include: Department/Division Position Full-Time Equivalents Building Inspection Building Inspector I or II 1.00 Solid Waste Solid Waste Worker (Driver) 1.00 Stormwater Stormwater Specialist 1.00 Streets Streets - City Service Workers 2.00 Vehicle Maintenance Vehicle Maintenance 1.00 Water Plant Water Plant Operator 1.00 Total 7.0 FTE The General Fund: The City’s General Fund supports the majority of administration, public safety and public welfare operations. It’s most significant source of revenue comes from local property taxes. As a result, the General Fund’s operating budget and fund balance are critically important to the financial health of the city. This year’s General Fund budget has $31.6 Million in expenditures, in the following areas: City of Bozeman, MT 12 FY18 Approved Budget Department/Division General Fund Amount Commission $ 234,148 City Manager 1,216,952 Courts 943,811 Attorney 1,246,948 Finance (prior Admin Services) 1,065,951 Facilities 1,455,651 Information Technology 978,222 Human Resources 413,390 Police (incl. State Ret.) 9,242,015 Fire (incl. State Ret.) 6,188,814 Public Services/Streets 122,331 Cemetery 721,904 Parks 2,028,480 Library 1,993,372 Recreation 1,811,680 Economic Development 422,464 Sustainability 169,912 Non-Departmental 1,355,567 TOTAL Expenditures $31,611,612 City of Bozeman, MT 13 FY18 Approved Budget As shown in the above graph, Police and Fire services combined comprise 49% ($15.4 Million) of the General Fund’s spending. The next largest departments are grouped together, each spending roughly $1 - $2 Million and each comprising 3-6% of the budget: Parks, Recreation, Library, Facilities Maintenance, City Manager, City Attorney and Finance. Nine other departments/areas comprise the balance of General Fund Expenditures. General Fund Undesignated Fund Balance: The City’s charter requires an established minimum level of General Fund Undesignated Fund Balance in accordance with the Government Finance Officers’ Association (GFOA) Best Practices. GFOA’s Best Practice Recommendation was adopted and our required minimum reserve balance is 16.67% of budgeted revenues. This budget exceeds the required minimum reserve of approximately $5,060,000 (16.67%) at the end of Fiscal Year 2018. Residential City Property Taxes for FY16, FY17, and FY18 In total, the Approved Budget would levy an estimated 205.30 mills on all taxable property within the City limits.
Recommended publications
  • Status of HPV Vaccination Among HPV-Infected Women Aged 20–60 Years with Abnormal Cervical Cytology in South Korea: a Multicenter, Retrospective Study
    J Gynecol Oncol. 2020 Jan;31(1):e4 https://doi.org/10.3802/jgo.2020.31.e4 pISSN 2005-0380·eISSN 2005-0399 Original Article Status of HPV vaccination among HPV-infected women aged 20–60 years with abnormal cervical cytology in South Korea: a multicenter, retrospective study Jaehyun Seong ,1 Sangmi Ryou ,1 Myeongsu Yoo ,1 JeongGyu Lee ,1 Kisoon Kim ,1 Youngmee Jee ,2 Chi Heum Cho ,3 Seok Mo Kim ,4 Sung Ran Hong ,5 Dae Hoon Jeong ,6 Won-Chul Lee ,7 Jong Sup Park ,8 Tae Jin Kim ,9 Mee-Kyung Kee 1 1Division of Viral Diseases Research, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Received: Feb 1, 2019 Health, Cheongju, Korea Revised: Jun 12, 2019 2Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Korea Accepted: Jun 19, 2019 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keimyung University Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea 4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea Correspondence to 5Department of Pathology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University Mee-Kyung Kee College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea Division of Viral Disease Research, Center for 6Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, University College of Infectious Diseases Research, Korea National Medicine, Busan, Korea Institute of Health, 187 Osongsaengmyeong 7Department of Preventive Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 2-ro, Osong-eup, Heungdeok-gu, 8Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea Cheongju 28159, Korea. College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea 9 E-mail: [email protected] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cheil General Hospital and Women's Healthcare Center, Dankook University, Seoul, Korea Copyright © 2020.
    [Show full text]
  • Smith Alumnae Quarterly
    ALUMNAEALUMNAE Special Issueue QUARTERLYQUARTERLY TriumphantTrT iumphah ntn WomenWomen for the World campaigncac mppaiigngn fortififorortifi eses Smith’sSSmmitith’h s mimmission:sssion: too educateeducac te wwomenommene whowhwho wiwillll cchangehahanngge theththe worldworlrld This issue celebrates a stronstrongerger Smith, where ambitious women like Aubrey MMenarndtenarndt ’’0808 find their pathpathss Primed for Leadership SPRING 2017 VOLUME 103 NUMBER 3 c1_Smith_SP17_r1.indd c1 2/28/17 1:23 PM Women for the WoA New Generationrld of Leaders c2-50_Smith_SP17.indd c2 2/24/17 1:08 PM “WOMEN, WHEN THEY WORK TOGETHER, have incredible power.” Journalist Trudy Rubin ’65 made that statement at the 2012 launch of Smith’s Women for the World campaign. Her words were prophecy. From 2009 through 2016, thousands of Smith women joined hands to raise a stunning $486 million. This issue celebrates their work. Thanks to them, promising women from around the globe will continue to come to Smith to fi nd their voices and their opportunities. They will carry their education out into a world that needs their leadership. SMITH ALUMNAE QUARTERLY Special Issue / Spring 2017 Amber Scott ’07 NICK BURCHELL c2-50_Smith_SP17.indd 1 2/24/17 1:08 PM In This Issue • WOMEN HELPING WOMEN • A STRONGER CAMPUS 4 20 We Set Records, Thanks to You ‘Whole New Areas of Strength’ In President’s Perspective, Smith College President The Museum of Art boasts a new gallery, two new Kathleen McCartney writes that the Women for the curatorships and some transformational acquisitions. World campaign has strengthened Smith’s bottom line: empowering exceptional women. 26 8 Diving Into the Issues How We Did It Smith’s four leadership centers promote student engagement in real-world challenges.
    [Show full text]
  • An Alabama School Girl in Paris 1842-1844
    An Alabama School Girl in Paris 1842-1844 the letters of Mary Fenwick Lewis and her family Nancyt/ M. Rohr_____ _ An Alabama School Girl in Paris, 1842-1844 The Letters of Mary Fenwick Lewis and Her Family Edited by Nancy M. Rohr An Alabama School Girl In Paris N a n c y M. Ro h r Copyright Q 2001 by Nancy M. Rohr All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without permission of the editor. ISPN: 0-9707368-0-0 Silver Threads Publishing 10012 Louis Dr. Huntsville, AL 35803 Second Edition 2006 Printed by Boaz Printing, Boaz, Alabama CONTENTS Preface...................................................................................................................1 EditingTechniques...........................................................................................5 The Families.......................................................................................................7 List of Illustrations........................................................................................10 I The Lewis Family Before the Letters................................................. 11 You Are Related to the Brave and Good II The Calhoun Family Before the Letters......................................... 20 These Sums will Furnish Ample Means Apples O f Gold in Pictures of Silver........................................26 III The Letters - 1842................................................................................. 28 IV The Letters - 1843................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea Tribunal International Du Droit De La Mer
    INTERNATIONAL TRIBUNAL FOR THE LAW OF THE SEA TRIBUNAL INTERNATIONAL DU DROIT DE LA MER MINUTES OF PUBLIC SITTINGS MINUTES OF THE PUBLIC SITTINGS HELD ON 1, 6, 7 AND 18 DECEMBER 2004 The “Juno Trader” Case (Saint Vincent and the Grenadines v. Guinea-Bissau), Prompt Release PROCES-VERBAL DES AUDIENCES PUBLIQUES PROCÈS-VERBAL DES AUDIENCES PUBLIQUES DES 1ER, 6, 7 ET 18 DECEMBRE 2004 Affaire du « Juno Trader » (Saint-Vincent-et-les Grenadines c. Guinée-Bissau), prompte mainlevée For ease of use, in addition to the continuous pagination, this volume also contains, between square brackets at the beginning of each statement, a reference to the pagination of the uncorrected verbatim records. ______________ En vue de faciliter l’utilisation de l’ouvrage, le présent volume comporte, outre une pagination continue, l’indication, entre crochets, au début de chaque exposé, de la pagination des procès-verbaux non corrigés. Minutes of the Public Sittings held on 1, 6, 7 and 18 December 2004 Procès-verbal des audiences publiques des 1er, 6, 7 et 18 décembre 2004 OPENING OF THE ORAL PROCEEDINGS – 1 December 2004, p.m. PUBLIC SITTING HELD ON 1 DECEMBER 2004, 4.00 P.M. Tribunal Present: President NELSON; Judges CAMINOS, MAROTTA RANGEL, YANKOV, YAMAMOTO, KOLODKIN, PARK, MENSAH, CHANDRASEKHARA RAO, AKL, ANDERSON, WOLFRUM, TREVES, MARSIT, NDIAYE, JESUS, XU, COT and LUCKY; Registrar GAUTIER. AUDIENCE PUBLIQUE DU 1ER DECEMBRE 2004, 16 H 00 Tribunal Présents : M. NELSON, Président; MM. CAMINOS, MAROTTA RANGEL, YANKOV, YAMAMOTO, KOLODKIN, PARK, MENSAH, CHANDRASEKHARA RAO, AKL, ANDERSON, WOLFRUM, TREVES, MARSIT, NDIAYE, JESUS, XU, COT et LUCKY, juges; M.
    [Show full text]
  • Parent Student Handbook
    PARENT-STUDENT HANDBOOK 2020-2021 www.siskorea.org 2020-2021 SCHOOL CALENDAR August (14 school days) February (18 school days) S M T W T F S S M T W T F S 11 ES New Students’/Parents’ Orientation 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 Intent Form to Parents HS & MS New Students’/Parents’ 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 11-12 Lunar Holiday (School Closed) Orientation/HS Freshman Orientation 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 15 Deadline for New Applications 12 First Day of School 12:00 p.m. Dismissal 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 22 Deadline for Return of Intent Forms 31 ES/MS Students 12:00 p.m. Dismissal 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 28 Elementary/Middle School 30 31 Writing Prompt 1 Samil Day (School Closed) September (19 school days) March (19 school days) Faculty Professional Development 3 End of Second Trimester (60 Days) Vision and Mission Statements S M T W T F S S M T W T F S 1 Elementary Open House 8 Re-Enrollment Payment Due for 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 Returning Students 2 Middle School Open House 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 3 High School Open House 8 Elementary/Middle School Writing 19 Family Fun Day 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Prompt 28-30 Chuseok Holiday (School Closed) 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 ES/MS Students 12:00 p.m.
    [Show full text]
  • Why Migrants Make Good Kiwis Rachel Hodder Jason Krupp Rachel Hodder Jason Krupp
    THE NEW ZEALANDERS THE NEW NEW ZEALANDERS WHY MIGRANTS MAKE GOOD KIWIS RACHEL HODDER JASON KRUPP RACHEL RACHEL HODDER JASON KRUPP FOREWORD BY MENG FOON As I know from first-hand experience, and as this report shows, migrants come here, contribute to our economy and, most importantly, become part of our community. I welcome The New Zealand Inititiative’s contribution to the debate on New Zealand’s immigration policy. I hope the authors’ optimistic and positive message of migration gets heard. We live in paradise, even in Auckland. THE NEW ZEALAND INITIATIVE Foreword, Meng Foon $25.00 ISBN: 978-0-9941365-8-9 • print The New Zealand Initiative PO Box 10147 978-0-9941365-9-6 • online/pdf RR32 Wellington 6143 © The New Zealand Initiative 2017 Published by: The New Zealand Initiative PO Box 10147 Wellington 6143 New Zealand www.nzinitiative.org.nz Views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of The New Zealand Initiative, its staff, advisors, members, directors or officers. ISBN: 978-0-9941365-8-9 • print 978-0-9941365-9-6 • online/pdf RR32 Typeset by The Little Design Company and cover design by Mollica Sokhom Printing arranged by True North New Zealand Ltd THE NEW NEW ZEALANDERS WHY MIGRANTS MAKE GOOD KIWIS RACHEL HODDER JASON KRUPP FOREWORD BY MENG FOON 2017 The New Zealand Initiative is an independent public policy think tank supported by chief executives of major New Zealand businesses. We believe in evidence-based policy and are committed to developing policies that work for all New Zealanders.
    [Show full text]
  • 2-5 May Jeju, South Korea
    2-5 MAY JEJU, SOUTH KOREA EUROPEAN | ASIAN ANIMATION PRODUCERS MEETING www.cartoon-media.eu PARTNERS CARTOON CONNECTION IS ORGANISED BY WITH THE SUPPORT OF CARTOON IS SPONSORED BY 3 Jae Hong Kim President of Korea Trade-Investment Promotion Agency ello and welcome to ASIA-EU Cartoon Connection 2016. KOTRA is thrilled to host the 7th annual Cartoon Connection Korea. Cartoon Connection was first hosted by KOTRA and Cartoon in Jeju Island in 2010 with the goal of entering the world’s animation market through Hpromoting cooperation among Korean and EU companies. This year’s event is extra significant in that countries all over Asia, including China, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand have taken a great interest in Cartoon Connection. As a result, trilateral cooperation (Korea-EU-ASIA) is expected to launch our event into the stratosphere, as an event in which animation businesses from around the world can find win-win business relationships and strategies. Korea’s free trade agreements with the EU, China and other Asian countries also serve as catalysts to promote international cooperation. Animation has the power to bring together people of different ages, genders, nationalities, cultural backgrounds, professions and more. Through creative imagination, groundbreaking ideas and innovative technology, animation can illuminate the world. Of course, the animation industry adds tremendous value and contributes to world economic development when animated characters meet the manufacturing industry. Today, we firmly believe that our cooperation not only provides momentum to develop the global animation industry, but also brings a smile to faces worldwide. I hope you will find ASIA-EU Cartoon Connection 2016 to be a rewarding experience.
    [Show full text]
  • Presidential Instability in a Developing Country: Reassessing South Korean Politics from a State-Society Relations Perspective
    Syracuse University SURFACE Dissertations - ALL SURFACE June 2017 Presidential Instability in a Developing Country: Reassessing South Korean Politics from a State-Society Relations Perspective Kyung-hwa Kim Syracuse University Follow this and additional works at: https://surface.syr.edu/etd Part of the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Kim, Kyung-hwa, "Presidential Instability in a Developing Country: Reassessing South Korean Politics from a State-Society Relations Perspective" (2017). Dissertations - ALL. 711. https://surface.syr.edu/etd/711 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the SURFACE at SURFACE. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations - ALL by an authorized administrator of SURFACE. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ABSTRACT This study attempts to explain why ALL of South Korean presidents, without exception and notwithstanding their individual major contributions to the process of Korea’s development, have fallen victim to disgraceful downfalls. For the analysis, I employ S.N. Sangmpam’s middle-range theory that establishes a causal link between society-rooted politics and political outcomes. Building on his analytical frameworks that non-Western countries are characterized by over-politicization in politics as a function of social context, I argue that patterned downfalls of all Korean presidents are an institutional outcome of over-politicization in Korean politics, which is itself a function of not fully entrenched capitalist society. In support of my thesis, I test three hypotheses. Hypotheses one and two posit Korea’s tenacious traditional and cultural traits as an internal modifier of capitalism and the nation’s dependent nature of its relationships with the United States and Japan as an external factor that prevented capitalist entrenchment in Korean society.
    [Show full text]
  • The 50-Plus Generation Seoul Institute Kyoung-A Nam 2017.Pdf
    The 50-plus Generation Policies to Transform Seoul Life 02 The 50-plus Generation Kyoung-A Nam Translated by So-Jin Park Proofread by Jay R. Fraser First edition printed on March 16, 2018 First edition published on March 23, 2018 Published by Wang-Jin Seo, The Seoul Institute 137-071 57 Nambusunhwan-ro 340-gil, Seocho-gu, Seoul, Korea Tel +82-2-2149-1234 Fax +82-2-2149-1019 www.si.re.kr Edited by Kyung-Hye Kim, Mal-Sook Jeon, Do-Sook Song and So-Jeong Lee Designed by Seok-Woon Lee and Mi-Yeon Kim Printed by Hyunmun Printing Written with the help of Won-Young Lee ISBN 979-11-5700-262-7 04300 979-11-5700-113-2 (Set) ⓒThe Seoul Institute, 2018 • Book price indicated on the rear cover page. • All rights reserved by The Seoul Institute. POLICIES TO TRANSFORM SEOUL LIFE 2 The 50-plus Generation Where life is good for the over-fifties Kyoung-A Nam Introduction The Way Forward: Seoul’s 50-plus Policies It was back in 2004, during my trip to Germany at the invitation of the Friedrich Ebert Foundation that I met Rudger Reuke. Reuke had retired from the German De- velopment Service after 35 years and started working at the German Watch, a private foreign aid organization. Already on a government pension, he was paid a wage of one euro and called himself ‘One Euro Man.’ He was delighted that he has a job to go to everyday, provide his service to the world, and work alongside great young people.
    [Show full text]
  • The Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2016
    REUTERS INSTITUTE DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016 Supported by Surveyed by REUTERS INSTITUTE DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016 Nic Newman with Richard Fletcher, David A. L. Levy and Rasmus Kleis Nielsen Supported by Surveyed by © Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016 4 Foreword by David A. L. Levy 5 Methodology 6 Authorship and Research Acknowledgements 7 Section 1 Overview and Key Findings by Nic Newman 8 Section 2 Analysis by Country 30 2.1 United States 32 2.14 Netherlands 58 2.2 United Kingdom 34 2.15 Switzerland 60 2.3 Germany 36 2.16 Austria 62 2.4 France 38 2.17 Hungary 64 2.5 Italy 40 2.18 Czech Republic 66 2.6 Spain 42 2.19 Poland 68 2.7 Portugal 44 2.20 Greece 70 2.8 Ireland 46 2.21 Turkey 72 2.9 Norway 48 2.22 South Korea 74 2.10 Sweden 50 2.23 Japan 76 2.11 Finland 52 2.24 Australia 78 2.12 Denmark 54 2.25 Canada 80 2.13 Belgium 56 2.26 Brazil 82 Section 3 Further Analysis and International Comparison 84 3.1 Sources of News 86 3.2 Segmentations across and within Countries 87 3.3 Comparative Brand Data Analysis 89 3.4 How Audiences Discover News Online 92 3.5 Public Service Broadcasters 93 3.6 Trust in the News in More Depth 94 3.7 Distinctions Between Hard and Soft News 96 3.8 Participation and Online News 99 3.9 Paying for Online News 103 Section 4 Essays 106 4.1 The Challenging New Economics of Journalism 108 Mark Thompson, CEO, New York Times 4.2 Why Trust Matters 110 Ed Williams, CEO, Edelman UK & Ireland 4.3 People Want Personalised Recommendations (Even as they Worry about the Consequences) 112 Rasmus Kleis Neilsen, Director of Research, Reuters Institute 4.4 The Topography of Trust: Views from UK News Consumers 115 Alison Preston, Head of Digital Literacy, Ofcom Postscript and Further Reading 118 4 / 5 FOREWORD Dr David A.
    [Show full text]
  • Examining Consumers' Attitudes Toward Gmarket Online Shopping
    Article Examining Consumers’ Attitudes toward Gmarket Online Shopping Ronald Baganzi 1,* , Geon-Cheol Shin 2 and Shali Wu 2 1 Financial Stability Department, Bank of Uganda, Kampala 7120, Uganda 2 School of Management, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Korea * Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected] Received: 1 July 2019; Accepted: 7 August 2019; Published: 16 August 2019 Abstract: In this study, we examine the consumers’ attitudes toward Gmarket online shopping in Korea. We use a model to explain that consumers’ attitudes toward online shopping are influenced by psychological, personal, and technological characteristics. We hypothesize that three major behavioral beliefs; perceived trust (psychological), perceived benefits (personal), and perceived website quality (technological) influence consumers’ attitudes toward online shopping. A questionnaire was designed and administered by surveying the Gmarket online shoppers in Korea. A total of 338 valid responses were collected and Partial Least Squares (PLS) Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used for data analysis. The findings indicate that consumers’ online shopping attitudes are a function of perceived benefits, trust, and perceived website quality. We found that 57.9 percent of the variation in online shopping attitudes results from perceived benefits, trust, and perceived website quality. Trust was found to be the most important predictor of consumers’ online shopping attitudes. We offer academic and practical implications that are useful in designing e-marketing strategies for competing in the online shopping cyberspace market in Korea. We recommend for the replication of a similar model in other parts of the world like Uganda (Jumia), China (Taobao), Japan (Rakuten), and the United States of America (eBay).
    [Show full text]
  • Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2016
    REUTERS INSTITUTE DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016 Supported by Surveyed by REUTERS INSTITUTE DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016 Nic Newman with Richard Fletcher, David A. L. Levy and Rasmus Kleis Nielsen Supported by Surveyed by © Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism REUTERS INSTITUTE FOR THE STUDY OF JOURNALISM / DIGITAL NEWS REPORT 2016 4 Foreword by David A. L. Levy 5 Methodology 6 Authorship and Research Acknowledgements 7 Section 1 Overview and Key Findings by Nic Newman 8 Section 2 Analysis by Country 30 2.1 United States 32 2.14 Netherlands 58 2.2 United Kingdom 34 2.15 Switzerland 60 2.3 Germany 36 2.16 Austria 62 2.4 France 38 2.17 Hungary 64 2.5 Italy 40 2.18 Czech Republic 66 2.6 Spain 42 2.19 Poland 68 2.7 Portugal 44 2.20 Greece 70 2.8 Ireland 46 2.21 Turkey 72 2.9 Norway 48 2.22 South Korea 74 2.10 Sweden 50 2.23 Japan 76 2.11 Finland 52 2.24 Australia 78 2.12 Denmark 54 2.25 Canada 80 2.13 Belgium 56 2.26 Brazil 82 Section 3 Further Analysis and International Comparison 84 3.1 Sources of News 86 3.2 Segmentations across and within Countries 87 3.3 Comparative Brand Data Analysis 89 3.4 How Audiences Discover News Online 92 3.5 Public Service Broadcasters 93 3.6 Trust in the News in More Depth 94 3.7 Distinctions Between Hard and Soft News 96 3.8 Participation and Online News 99 3.9 Paying for Online News 103 Section 4 Essays 106 4.1 The Challenging New Economics of Journalism 108 Mark Thompson, CEO, New York Times 4.2 Why Trust Matters 110 Ed Williams, CEO, Edelman UK & Ireland 4.3 People Want Personalised Recommendations (Even as they Worry about the Consequences) 112 Rasmus Kleis Neilsen, Director of Research, Reuters Institute 4.4 The Topography of Trust: Views from UK News Consumers 115 Alison Preston, Head of Digital Literacy, Ofcom Postscript and Further Reading 118 4 / 5 FOREWORD Dr David A.
    [Show full text]