MANUAL III.A

NATIONAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC SURVEY 1996

ENUMERATOR’S MODULE MANUAL

Central Bureau of Statistics, Jakarta - Indonesia 2

C O N T E N T S

CONTENTS

LIST OF TERMS/ABBREVIATIONS

I. PREFACE

A. General Information B. Objectives C. Scope D. Schedule of Activities E. Type of Data Collected F. Statistics Compilation

II. PROCEDURES ON IMPLEMENTATION OF CORE AND MODULE SUSENAS 1996

A. Tasks and Obligations of Enumerators B. Type of Documents Collected C. Data Collection Method D. Ethics on Visiting and Interviewing E. Time Reference of Survey F. Rules and Procedures of Filling in the List

III. USING THE CHOSEN HOUSEHOLD SAMPLE LIST (VSEN96. DSRT LIST)

IV. HOUSEHOLD AND HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS CHARACTERISTICS (VSEN96. K LIST )

A. General B. Block I. Identification of Location C. Block II. Household Characteristics D. Block III. Characteristics of Enumeration E. Block IV Household Members Characteristics F. Block V. Individual, Health and Education Characteristics G. Block VI. Activities of Household Members Aged Over 10 Years Old H. Block VII. Fertility and Family Planning I. Block VIII. Housing, Housing Facilities and Residences J. Block IX. Average Household Monthly Expenditures and The Main Source of Household Income K. Block X. Participation of Households in the IDT Program L. Block XI. Notes

V. CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION/EXPENDITURES (VSEN96.M LIST)

A. Block I Identification of Location B. Block II Characteristics of Enumeration C. Block III.1 Consumption of Food, Beverage and Tobacco during the past week C1 Guidance Page on the Consumption of Ready Made Food and Beverage (VSEN96.LPK) D. Block III.2 Expenditures for Non Food Commodities during the past Month and the past 12 Months E. Block III.3 Average Monthly Household Expenditures 3

F. Block IV Income, Receiving and Expenditures Consumption during the past 12 months G. Block V Frequency of Eating Rice and Number of Clothes owned by the Household Members H. Block VI Characteristics of Raising Livestock/Poultry

ATTACHMENTS

Attachment 1: Example on how to fill in the VSEN96.DSRT List Attachment 2: Example on how to fill in the VSEN96.K List Attachment 3: Example on how to fill in the VSEN96.M List Attachment 4: Example on how to fill in the VSEN96LPK List Attachment 5: Procedures on how to use the Age Conversion Table 4

LIST OF TERMS/ABBREVIATIONS

Terms/Abbreviation Explanation Random number List of numbers used in the sampling

Art Anggota rumah tangga = Household member

BPS Biro Pusat Statistik = Central Bureau of Statistics

Entri data Data entry

IDT Inpres Daerah Tertinggal = Presidential Instruction for Least Developed Area

Innas Instruktur nasional = National instructor

Intama Instruktur utama = Main instructor

KCI Kerangka Contoh Induk = Example

KCK Kredit Candak Kulak = Candak Kulak Credit

Kelseg Kelompok Segmen = Segment Group

Kesra Kesejahteraan rakyat = Community welfare

Krt Kepala rumah tangga = Head of Household

KS Kantor Statistik = Statistic Office

KUHP Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Pidana = Criminal Code

Kuesioner Kuesioner = Questionnaire

MFD Master File Desa = Master File of Village

NIP Nomor Induk Pegawai = Official registry number of civil domestic helps

NMS Nomor Mitra Statistik = Number of Hired worker

Penyandian The process of document coding systematically

Penyuntingan The process of document preparation for processing systematically; editing pps probability proportional to size

Respondent the person interviewed during enumeration

RT Rukun Tetangga = Neighborhood association

Rt Rumah tangga = Household

RW Rukun Warga = Administrative units of several RT

Rt kor the chosen household for enumeration using the core list

Rt kor-modul the chosen household for enumeration using the core list and module

Sampel Sample 5

SE96-SW1 Sketch Map of Enumeration Area made during the Economy Census 1996

SE96-SW2 Sketch Map of Enumeration Area made during the Economy Census 1996

Segment the smallest unit of the enumeration area

Sosbud Sosial budaya = social culture

SP90 Sensus Penduduk 1990 = Population Census 1990

ST93 Sensus Pertanian 1993 = Agriculture Census 1993

Supas Survey Penduduk Antar Sensus = Inter Census Community Survey

Survey a research technique to examine, investigate and observe

Susenas Survey Sosial Ekonomi Nasional = National Social Economy Survey

SMU Sekolah Menengah Umum = Public High School

Up dating The updating of the Sketch Map made during the Population Census 1990 with the latest condition (the year 1992)

Reference time of survey The time used to obtain more information; enumeration reference time

SUPAS 95-L The Listing of 1995 SUPAS and 1996 Susenas

VSEN96.L List of 1996 Susenas Listing

VSEN96.DSRT List of chosen household in Susenas 1996

VSEN96.K List of chosen household sample core Susenas 1996

VSEN96. M List of chosen household module Susenas 1996

VSEN96. LPK Guidance Page on food consumption and ready-made beverages

VSEN96.SKTIR List of questions for chosen household sub-module Susenas 1996 (Special Survey and Household Investment)

SUPAS95-LK Work sheet for choosing segment groups in SUPAS 1995 and Susenas 1996

VSEN96.GI List of questions for the households in the Iodized Salt Survey during Susenas 1996

Wilcah The chosen enumerated area for the enumeration using the core list only

Wilcah kor-modul The chosen enumerated area for the enumeration using the core list and module

PIN Pekan Imunisasi Nasional = National Immunization Week

IDT Presidential Instruction for Least Developed Villages

Pokmas Kelompok Masyarakat = Community Group 6

I. P R E F A C E

A.. General Information

In order to implement their tasks, the Central Bureau of Statistics and the Statistic Office at the local level are responsible to provide data needed for planning sectional and cross-sectional development. To observe the situation, monitor and evaluate the implementation of the development program, the availability of continuos data is very helpful in making necessary improvements of an existing program.

The needs of community welfare, has to be fulfilled in order to understand if the results of development can reach all levels of community such as the aspects of fulfilling the life needs such as clothing, food, housing, education, health, security and work opportunity.

The social data produced by BPS were gathered through Sensus Penduduk (SP), Survei Penduduk Antar Sensus (Supas), Survei Angkatan Kerja Nasional (Sakernas), and Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (Susenas). Not all types of data could be gathered each year due to the broad coverage of welfare also because of many other constraints. Whereas the progress of the developing program has to be monitored and evaluated periodically.

Susenas is a survey which is designed to gather social demographic data on a relatively broad basis. The gathered data are on several fields such as education, health/nutrition, housing/environment, criminal, social culture activities, consumption and household welfare, transportation and the society’s opinion on their household welfare. In 1992, the system of Susenas data collection was renewed, the information which was used to design the welfare indicator (Kesra) inside the module (information gathered once every three years) was embodied into the core (information group gathered each year). Ever since, a set of data which is used to monitor the people’s welfare standard, summarize the government’s program which is particularly aimed to improve the welfare of certain sectors in the community, and analyze the impact on various programs on increasing the community’s welfare is readily available at Susenas

In the new Susenas core there are questions addressing condition and behavior of society members that are closely related to various welfare aspects, such as did they experience criminal acts, do they travel, are they still in school, do they experience health problems and how they maintain their health. Questions on the condition of under-fives, such as who helped during labour, how long do they breastfeed and whether they obtain immunization is also accommodated in this core. In addition, information on education, and economy activities of household members is compiled. For married women, questions of at what age they were married, number of children and Family Planning behaviour. Data concerning household matters such as the condition and facilities of housing and household consumption and expenditure were also compiled.

The information in the module is collected alternately. In a three year period, the consumption module and household income are collected in the first year, household welfare module, social culture, travel and criminality in the second, and the health module, nutrition, education and housing in the third. Information collected in the module are derived from more detailed questions compared to the questions for the same topic in the core. For example, if the education data, which were collected through a core, is limited to the level of education, the module is extended to include educational expenses. If questions in the core referred to travelling experience, questions in the module would refer to the nature and amount of expenditure of the travel.

Questions in the core are aimed to obtain information necessary to monitor matters that may change each year, assist near future planning, and relate to subsequent questions in the module such as expenditures. Questions in the module is needed to analyze matters that do not need monitoring each year or analyze problems that require Government intervention as for example poverty and malnutrition.

The Susenas data has a large potential to illustrate the community welfare. For example to illustrate the condition on various welfare components aggregate data indicators such as the level of school participation, percentage of Family Planning acceptors, average age of first marriage, average number of children born. The percentage of the community that utilizes health facilities, percentage of under-fives immunized and given breast-milk, percentage of households that obtain clean water or has a toilet with a septic tank, and the average expenditure per capita. 7

The compiled data core module may produce analysis to answer questions such as, do the destitute obtain benefit of the education program launched by the government (example, 9 years of school compulsory program). Also who can use the government subsidy on education, are there certain Family Planning devices more used by the destitute compared to others, does they benefit from the Posyandu program, are working hours related to fertility, and whether sanitary conditions relate to health status.

From the details above it is clear that the inherent potential of the Susenas data to supplement the large discrepancy of the available data required by decision-makers in various sectors. What needs to be done is to address problems, which occur in planning, monitoring or evaluation, then seek the solutions and input necessary through Susenas data analysis. With the present wide usage of PC's, analytical work has become easier and it is hoped that the community usage of Susenas data will also be widely utilized.

Since 1993 the sampling size of Core Susenas is enlarged to enable development of simple statistics at the regency/municipality level. This new expansion gives a new dimension on the analysis of Susenas data, and since then several regencies have begun to develop indicators/statistics on the welfare of each community. Hopefully all regencies would follow the pioneers although it is realized that to develop a publication on the indicator of community welfare, officers at the Statistic Office (KS) at the local area would require training.

The Susenas 1996 is similar to Susenas 1993 in terms of the core questions and module is the module of the first year which is the consumption module. The methodology of 1996 is similar to Supas 1995: the sampling of both surveys is conducted integrated from demanding the sample framework till the segment group. The choosing of household sample in Susenas 1996 was conducted by the Supas 19995 supervisor, including copying it into the sample list of chosen household Susenas 1996, so when implementing the Susenas 1996, the enumerator does not have to do the listing but directly enumerates the chosen households.

Susenas data has an increasingly number of uses and implementation is expanding widely of which the results are essential in formulating policies. The Central Bureau of Statistics is assigned is to provide of quality data, complete and on time.

B. Objectives

In general the objectives of collecting data through Susenas is providing data of community welfare (Kesra) that reflects the social and economic condition of the community. Specific objectives of Susenas 1996 are:

(i) provision of main data on the community’s health, under-fives, education, housing and residence which is necessary to obtain input in formulating policies as an instrument to observe, monitor and evaluate the accomplishment of development

(ii) compilation of data on the consumption household iodized salt through the Household Iodized Salt Survey which is integrated in Susenas 1996 as a base to measure and evaluate the success of the iodized salt program

(iii) compilation of detailed data on consumption/household expenditures valued in rupiah also the quantity, which is needed to estimate the community’s consumption pattern, nutrition consumption, distribution of expenditure and the level of poverty and

(iv) obtain detailed data on savings and household investment as a base to estimate the community’s competency for saving, investing and the cash flow in the community

C. Scope

The 1996 Susenas is conducted in all areas in Indonesia with the sample size of 206,848 households at provinces in the urban and rural area. Households surveyed using the core questionnaire are 141,184 and those enumerated using the core-module questionnaire are 65,664 households. The households that are in a specific enumeration area such as in a military complex also specific households such as a dormitory or prison that are in 8 the enumeration area are not included as samples. From the chosen household modules a number of 10,000 households will be enumerated using the savings and household investment sub-module questionnaire.

The VSEN96.K List is used to collect the core data, the module data uses the VSEN96.M and the savings and household investment sub-module uses the VSEN96.SKTIR. The data collection on Iodized Salt Survey uses the VSEN96.GI, which is conducted through out all enumeration area/chosen segment groups of Susenas 1996.

D. Schedule of Activities ------Activity Date

1. Send document to CBS Beginning of October 1997

2. Training a. Main instructor August 28 – Sept 5, 1995 b. National instructor - First November 6 -15, 1995 - Second November 16- 25, 1995 c. Area Officials December 1995

3. Implementation a. Household listing (taken from Supas listing) September 15 - October 4, 1995 b. Household sampling (concurrent with choosing household s Supas 95) October 5-9, 1995 c. Household enumeration January 1996

4. List Checking a. Sub regency Statistic Office February 1996 b. Provincial Statistic Office March 1996

5. Send document to CBS (the Welfare Bureau Statistic) a. VSEN96.K, VSEN96.M & VSEN96.SKTIR March – April 1996 From all chosen enumeration areas Core-Module, and VSEN96.DSRT from all chosen enumeration areas Susenas 1996. b. VSEN.96.GI February 1996

6. Processing VSEN96.K List in areas March-June 1996

7. Send clean data diskettes to CBS April - July 1996 (to Welfare Bureau Statistics)

8. List Processing at CBS : a. VSEN96.GI March - May 1996 b. VSEN96.K and VSEN96.DSRT April – September 1996 c. VSEN96.M April – December 1996 d. VSEN96.SKTIR April – December 1996

9 Checking & evaluation on results of processing December - February 1997

10. Publication local & central January-March 1997 9

E. Type of Data Collected

1. Type of Household Data Enumerated with the Core Questionnaire (VSEN96.K) The type of data collected in the Core Susenas 1996 is relatively similar to Susenas 1994 and Susenas 1995 which are: a. Information of members of the household such as name, relationship with head of the household, sex, age, marital status, criminal act experienced and mobility b. Information of health and education of the household members c. Information of economic and social cultural activities, specifically on the access to the mass media, household members over the age 10 years d. Information of fertility of married women and information on methods used by the married members of the household to prevent pregnancy e. Information of quality of residential building and the household’s source of income f. Information of the average household expenditure and household’s source of income

2. Type of Household Data Enumerated with the Questionnaire Module (VSEN96.M) and Sub module (VSEN96.SKTIR) The type of data collected in the module and sub-module Susenas 1996 are: a. Characteristics on the Consumption and Household Expenditures, covers the detail data on consumption and household expenditures which classified into food consumption and non-food consumption regardless of the source, frequency of eating rice, number of clothes owned by household members also raising livestock and poultry. b. Characteristics on Savings and Household Investment that covers detailed data on the source and utilization of the community’s fund, specifically on Savings and Household Investment

3. Type of Household Data Enumerated with the Questionnaire on Iodized Salt Consumption (VSEN96.GI)

a. Community’s knowledge on iodized salt b. Output test on the level of iodine in salt used by the household. c. Areas that produce iodized salt

F. Statistics Compilation

Several types of statistics can be used to visualize the society’s social economic situation obtained by the core or the Susenas 1996 module. The data can be used by the development planners to observe the condition, monitor and evaluate the achieved development. The statistic data compiled from Susenas 1996 can be categorized in four indicator groups:

1. Indicator on Community Welfare Objective on a National, Provincial and Regency/ Municipality Level. This indicator is the compilation of core data collection, which covers indicators such as: a) individuals: demography, health, education, welfare, access to the mass media, fertility and Family Planning. b) households: housing and expenditures. With indicators at the regency/municipality level, the results of the enumeration of field workers can be easily checked. The enumerators are expected seriousness in their work.

2. Indicator of Community Welfare Objective on the Consumption/Expenditure, and Nutrition Sufficiency also Poverty at the National and Provincial Level. This indicator is the compilation of the module data from consumption/expenditures for food (covers the value and quantity) and non-food.

3. Indicator of Savings and Investment on a National and Regional Level. This indicator is the compilation of the module data that covers the source and utilization of the community’s fund, specifically on Savings and Household Investment. 10

4. Indicator on the Consumption of Iodized Salt at the National Level, Province and Regency/ Municipality Level. The indicator is developed from the outcome of data collection on iodized household salt such as the coverage of data on the level of iodized salt, the household’s knowledge of and the areas that produce iodized salt.

II. STANDARD PROCEDURES ON CORE ENUMERATOR SUSENAS 1996

A. Task and Obligations of Enumerators

1. Attend the training for enumerator officials 2. Utilize the sketched map of segment groups distributed by supervisor/investigator and be acquainted with the location by going around the segment boundaries together with the supervisor. 3. Obtain the VSEN96.DSRT List filled in by the supervisor/investigator 4. Conduct enumeration of household samples using the VSEN96.K List for the core enumerator officials, or VSEN96.K List, VSEN96.M and VSEN96.LPK for the core-module enumerator. 5. Submit to the supervisor/investigator the VSEN96.K List, VSEN96.M and VSEN96.LPK List that have been filled in. 6. Improve the contents of VSEN96.K List, which is deemed incorrect by the supervisor/investigator 7. Conduct the tasks based on the schedule

B. Type of Documents Used

No. Type of List Usage Conducted Number Storage place By of Copies

1. Sketched map of enumeration To be acquainted to the area/ Area/segment groups working area

2. VSEN96.L Household listing Core enumerator 1 Central Bureau of Statistics

3. VSEN96.DSRT*) Selected Household Supervisor/Core 2 Central Bureau of Statistics/ Sample Investigator Provincial Statistic Office

4. VSEN96.K Household enumeration Core enumerator 1 Provincial Statistic Office Central Bureau of Statistic**)

5. VSEN96.GY Enumeration of House- Core investigator 1 Central Bureau of Statistics hold Salt Consumption

6. Manual Book IIA Core Enumerator Manual - - -

*) From the total of 206,848 core document, a number of 141,184 documents that do not have module pair processed is stored at the Provincial Statistic Office but 65,664 documents that has a document module pair was sent to Central Bureau of Statistics

C. Data Collection Method

The data collection from selected households is conducted through face to face interview between enumerator and respondent. Questions in the Susenas 1996 questionnaire for individuals should be addressed to respective individual. Particulars on households can be collected through interviewing the head of the household, husband/wife head of the household, or other household members that are familiar to the particulars asked. 11

D. Ethics on Visiting and Interviewing

The data collection in Susenas 1996 is conducted by visiting households and interviewing household members based on the manual in this book. To obtain a maximal outcome, please pay attention to these following procedures on interviewing:

1. Arrange the visit so that the person interviewed (respondent) is available at home. Do not conduct an interview during an important occasion such as a party or ritual.

2. Nobody is allowed to accompany the enumerator during the interview with the respondent except the supervisor/investigator or their superior. Supervisor/investigator will provide guidance and supervision on each survey phase and help solve problems that may arise during implementation, particularly on problems that are not covered in the manual.

3. When visiting please wear appropriate and decent clothing. Before entering the house for interviewing, seek for permission first and give greetings, knock on the door or use other ways that is customary.

4. Before conducting the interview pay attention on the current situation. If the situation is inappropriate the survey should be postponed to another time/day as long as it does not exceed the time deadline.

5. Begin the interview by introducing yourself. Explain the objective of the visit and why it has to be conducted. Show the Susenas leaflet to the respondent to help elaborate the benefits of Susenas. The assignment letter and identification of the official may also be shown.

6. Understand and be aware who should be interviewed. Do not interview a guest, relative or a neighbor who happens to be visiting the respondent’s house.

7. To obtain appropriate data, conduct the interview using the local dialect if the respondent approves. This may put the respondent at ease and provide accurate answers.

8. Before asking questions, explain how important the survey is and convince the respondent that all information are confidential in accordance to law No. 16 1997 on Statistics.

9. During enumeration, you may experience various attitudes and behavior of the respondents such as frankness and eagerness to participate. Nevertheless some are may be hesitant and are indistinct or suspicious. Please be wise, patient and polite during interviewing.

10. If the respondent deviate from the subject of Susenas, patiently bring he or she back to the topic of conversation.

11. Do not comment and lose patience on the respondent’s answer. Please be patient in such situation.

12. Please be patient to the respondent’s curiosity and answer their questions clearly and correctly.

13. After the enumeration, do not forget to express your gratitude and inform them that there may be other visits if more information is needed.

14. Pay another visit if more information is needed.

E. Time Reference of Survey 1. In Susenas 1996, the time reference of the survey used to collect data is estimated based on a period that ends a day before the enumeration date valid for: a. social culture information, activities of household members aged 10 upwards and the food consumption with a time reference of the survey is one week prior to enumeration. b. expenditures on non consumptive commodities with reference to one month and twelve months prior to the survey c. characteristics on income, acceptance and expenditures for non-consumptive needs during the past 12 months 12

F. Rules and Procedures on Filling in the List

1. Rules on Filling in the List a. Master the concept, definition, objectives and goals of the survey; b. Write down all the information clearly by using a dark pencil in the appropriate space ; c. Check once more the contents of the list and correct mistakes if any before submitting it to the supervisor.

1. Procedures on Filling in the List When filling in the list, please pay attention on how to fill each detail or certain questions. Basically filling in details or questions are grouped into the following:

a. Write the name/information in the provided place then write down the code related to name/information inside the boxes. Example: in Question 01 and 02, Block I 6 1 01 Province : West Kalimantan

02 Regency/Municipality*) : Sintang 0 5

b. Circle the code answer and write in the provided box Example: in Question 05 Block I

Area : Rural 1 Urban 2 2

c. Circle more than 1 (one) answer code, then write the number of circled codes in the provided boxes Example: in Question 12 Block V

a. BCG c. Polio 0 7 b. DPT d. Measles/Morbili

d. Filling in the respondent’s answer directly into the provided boxes: Example: in Question 7, Block V

Service Outpatient Patient Check Up (frequency) (days) (frequency) (1) (2) (3) (4)

a. State Hospital 0 2 ------b. Private Hospital ------

e. Leave a box unfilled if a detail or a question is unnecessarily written because of the regulations example has to be skipped Example: in Question 21 and 22 Block VI

21. If Question 20 is not Coded 1, worked minimum an hour during the last week?

Yes 1 (Q.23) No 2 1 13

22. If Question 21 is Coded 2, has a job/business, but is temporarily not working during the last week?

Yes 1 No 2 (R.27)

III. UTILIZATION OF THE CHOSEN HOUSEHOLD SAMPLE LIST (VSEN96.DSRT)

As elaborated previously, the enumerators of Susenas 1996 does not do listing but directly conducts an interview directly to the chosen household samples based on the chosen household sample list of Susenas 1996 (VSEN96.DSRT).

The VSEN96.DSRT is a reference document that contains the identity of chosen households and used by the enumerator as guidance when visiting and listing the chosen households. To ease the enumeration, the following are information on how to fill in the VSEN96.DSRT List as a guide. VSEN.DSRT List consists of 5 (five) blocks. Block I is the identity on enumeration location. Question 106 till 108: Number of enumeration area, Code numbers sample and Number of segment group also the segment. Question 108 is the segment group number and segment number in the enumeration area (in Question 106) which is the working area of enumerators. Directed by the sketched map of the enumeration area/segment group handed by the supervisor, the enumerator is able to monitor their working area inside the enumeration area.

An important matter before the enumeration is executed the enumerator together with the supervisor should be acquainted to the working area, in order to ease the enumerator understand which household has to be interviewed using the VSEN96.K, VSEN96.M and VSEN96.LPK Lists.

Enumeration Area is a part of a village area/sub-regency with natural or artificial boundaries foreseen not to change in within 10 years. In certain areas, enumeration areas may not have definite boundaries such as forests, mountains, plantation, rice fields or the boundaries overlap the sub-regency, regency and provincial boundaries. An enumeration area generally covers approximately 200-300 households or physical buildings that are not used for living or a combination of households and physical buildings that are not used for living

Segment is a part of an enumeration area with distinct boundaries. The number of households or physical buildings does not determine the size of a segment. Segment groups are one or a group of several whole segments that are close together with a number of approximately 70 households. Segment groups are formed in order to facilitate the enumerator to conduct listing and enumeration of households.

Chosen segment groups of Susenas 1996 are also chosen enumeration areas of Supas 1995. In order to understand if a selected enumerator area in Susenas 1996 is a enumerator area for a core (core enumeration area) or core module (is called core-module enumeration area), please observe the following code number samples (NKS):

1. First digit = 1 is chosen for core-module 2. First digit = 2 is chosen for core 3. Second digit = 0 is the enumeration area KCI 1 4. Second digit = 1 is the enumeration area KCI 2 5. 3rd – 5th digit is the enumeration area number KCI 1 and enumeration area KCI 2 in a regency/municipality

Block II is the summary on utilization of buildings and the classification of household expenditures where the contents are taken from the SUPAS-L List. Block III is the characteristics of the 14

sampling officers. Block IV is the list of chosen households that will be enumerated using VSEN96.K, VSEN96.M. VSEN96.LPK Lists, which contains the identity characteristics of 16 households. Block V is for writing down notes, which is made if there is a change on the chosen households.

Details of Block IV VSEN96.DSRT List

Block IV: Characteristics of Chosen Households

Column 1: Sample Serial Number, begins from number 1 till 16 for each chosen segment group is already printed

Column 2: Segment Number (see elaboration on segment in page….)

Column 3 and 4: Serial Number of Physical Building and Census Building Number

Physical Building is a place to shelter that has walls, a floor and roof, either permanent or temporarily, either used as a residence or other. The kitchen, bathroom, garage and others separated from the main building are considered as a part of the main building (one building), if located in the same yard. A building less than 10 square meters and no longer used as a residence is not considered as a physical building.

Susenas 1996 does not cover the household which, is not a physical building such as illegal dwellings such as under a bridge, along the railroad tracks, inside a railway coach, along riverbanks etc.

Example of physical building: a house, hotel, shop, factory, school, mosque, temple, church, office building, convention hall etc.

Census building is a part or the whole physical building that has it’s own entrance and is used as a unit.

Column 5: Serial Number of Chosen Households The contents of this column is taken from the household serial number that is circled in Column 7, Block IV, SUPAS95-L List.

A household is categorized into a regular household and a specific household.

Regular household is an individual or a group of individuals living in a part or the whole physical building or census, and usually lives together also lives out of one kitchen. The household usually consists of mother, father and child. A household is also considered as regular as follows:

1. An individual who rents a room or part of the census building but provides his/her own meals.

2. A family living separately in two census buildings but eats from the same kitchen, as long as both census building are in the same segment group.

3. Lodging with meals consists of lodgers less than 10 people. Lodgers are considered as members of the landlord’s household.

4. Head of dormitory, orphanage, correctional institution and others who live alone or together with their wife and child and other household members who eats from the same kitchen separated from the institution they organize.

5. Each individual who rents a room together or part of the census building but provide their own meals. Example: if 3 students rent a room and manage their own meals, they are considered as 3 regular households. 15

Specific household includes:

1. People living in a dormitory, which is a place where all their daily needs are under authorization of a foundation or organization. For example a nurse’s dormitory, college students dormitory, or military barracks. A military member who lives in a dormitory with a family and provides their daily needs is not a specific household.

2. People living in a correctional institution, orphanage, prison and so forth.

3. Groups of people living in lodgings with meals where the total number is more than or an average of 10 people.

Specific households are not enumerated in this survey

Column 6: Name of the household Head of the Household is an individual from a group of household members who is responsible for the daily household needs or someone/appointed as head of the household

Column 7: Address (Name of street/lane, Number of house, RT/RW (neighborhood unit) The chosen households are not included in the list. Enumerators are asked to write the address of respondent clearly based on the name of street/lane, number of house, RT and RW Example: Melati Street Lane II No. 3, RT 018/RW 07

Column 7 : Number of Household Members

Household members are everyone who usually lives in a household, either when the enumeration was conducted or temporarily unavailable. Household members who have left the house for 6 months or more, and those who have gone less than 6 months but intend to move/will leave the house for 6 months or more, is not considered as a household member. A person who has lived in the household for 6 months or more or a person who has lived in the household less than 6 months but intend to move/live in the household for 6 months or more, is considered as a household member.

Information : A household helper or driver that lives and eats at their employer’s is considered as a household member of their employer, but those who only eats or lives there are not considered as a household member of their employer.

Column 8 : Address (Name of street/lane, Number of house, RT/RW (neighborhood unit)

The chosen households are not included in the list. Enumerators are asked to write the address of respondent clearly based on the name of street/lane, number of house, RT and RW Example : Radar Raya Street Lane IV No. 10, RT 001/RW 010.

IV. INFORMATION ON MAIN HOUSEHOLDS AND HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS (VSEN96.K LIST)

A. GENERAL

This list is used to record main information on households, which covers information on demography, transportation, criminality, health, education, social culture, manpower, fertility, family planning, housing and household expenditures. 16

B. BLOCK I. IDENTIFICATION OF LOCATION

Question 1 to 9: Write down the name and province code, regency/municipality, sub-regent, village/kelurahan, urban area/rural, enumeration area number, segment group number and code sample number, in the provided space. These Questions are taken from Question 101 till 108 Block I VSEN96.DSRT List. Question 10 is the serial number of the household serial number originated from Column 1, Block IV, VSEN96.DSRT. Filling in Question 1 till l10 should be done before visiting the respondent’s house. The editor fills in Question 11 during processing.

C. BLOCK II. HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS

This block consists of several household information, the Questions are taken from Block IV VSEN96.K List (pay attention for extra pages/ questionnaire).

Question 1: Name of Head of the Household

Write down name of Head of the household from the selected household in Susenas 1996. Copy the name written in Line 1, Column 2, Block IV.A. The name of Head of the Household should be the same written in Column 6, Block IV, VSEN96.DSRT. List. If it is different, please give note with the following information:

1. If head of the household in Column 6, Block IV, VSEN96.DSRT has passed away or has left for 6 months or more, fill in the information in the Notes Block (Block XI).

2. If the name in Column 6, Block IV, VSEN96.DSRT List is a nickname, write it down in the column. In this Question write down the full name (as in VSEN96.DSRT) between brackets.

Question 2: Number of Household Members

Fill in the number of household members from the household member sample. The data should be the same as the serial number of the last household member in Column 1, Block IV where Column 2 is filled in.

Question 3: Number of Children Aged 0 – 4 years

Write the number of children aged 0 – 4 years old who are members of the household. Information obtained is the total of lines written with 00 to 04 in Column 5 Block IV.

Question 4: Number of Household Members who are Still at School

Write down the number of household members that are still in school. The information is taken from the number of household members in Column 9 Block IV Coded 1 (still in school).

Question 5: Deceased Household Members within the Past Year

Fill in the information on all household members, which has passed away within the past year. The contents are the number of rows filled in the last two rows of Block IV.

Question 6: Did this household Experience Criminal Acts During the Past Year?

Circle Code 1 if “yes” and Code 2 if “No” then write down the code into the box. If in Block IV, Column 7 contains Code 1 (including the row deceased household members), Question 6 has to contain Code 1. If the contents in Block IV, Column 7 there is no Code 1, then Question 6 has to be written with Code 2. 17

D. BLOCK III. CHARACTERISTICS OF ENUMERATORS

This block records information on who does the enumeration also who is responsible for filling and checking the list, when the enumeration and supervision/investigation was conducted.

Question 1: Characteristics of Enumerators

Write down the name and five last digits of the enumerator’s identity number/employment number then circle the enumerator’s occupation code. Example:

NIP. 340006237 0 6 2 3 7

The NIP only applies for BPS organic officials, who has NIP with the first two digits that begins with 34, although a hired worker owns a NIP, the Number of Hired worker given by the Statistic Office has to be used. The number consists of 9 figures, the first two figures is the code for province, the following two figures the code of regency/municipality, the next 3 figures are the sub-regent code and the two last figures are the serial number of Hired worker. Example: If the enumerator is the Hired worker that owns a Hired worker Number 510102023, only the last five figures are written as follows:

0 2 0 2 3

Question 2: Enumerator’s Position

Circle the Position Code of the field officer of Susenas 1996, then write it in the provided boxes. Circle Code 1 if the officer of the provincial statistic office, Code 2 if it is the staff of the Regency/Municipality Statistic Office, Code 3 if the officer is sub-regency staff, and Code 4 is the officer is a partner.

Question 3: Date of Enumeration: Fill in the date and month of enumeration

Question 4: Signature of Enumerator: Sign in the provided space.

Question 5 – 8: Characteristics of Supervisor/Investigator

Write the name and NIP/NMS and position of the supervisor/investigator, date of supervision/investigation and the signature of the supervisor/investigator.

E. Block IV. Characteristics of Household Members

This block is used to record main information on the household members. The information recorded includes the name, relationship with head of the household, sex, age, marital status, criminality and conducting a journey. Besides that the information on household members that passed away the past year is also recorded. How to fill in: Ask the name of head of the household, then the name of the wife/husband, married children and so forth till the last household member. After column 2 and 3 are filled, then ask one at a time the information needed starting from Column 4 to Column 9.

Column 1: Household Serial Numbers

The household serial number starting from number 01 to 10. If the number of household members is more than 10 people use a page or an extra questionnaire and write “continued” on the right hand corner 18 of the first questionnaire and “continuation” on the right hand corner of the extra questionnaire. Copy the information on identification of location in the extra VSEN96.K List and change the serial number in Column 1, Block IV to 11, 12 and so forth.

Column 2: Names of Household Members

Write down the names of all household members starting from the head of the household, wife/husband, unmarried children, married children, in-laws, grandchildren etc. Read aloud the names written and reconfirm the following:

1. Name of individuals left out because forgotten or is not considered as a household member such as a baby, infant, helper, friend/guest who has stayed for more than 6 months. Nephews/ nieces, lodgers and others who usually live in the household; and individuals who has left within 6 months but usually lives with the household. Add the names left out in the lines according to the code respective to head of household.

2. Delete the names from the list of individual considered as a member of a household who usually lives in the household but has left 6 months or more, if it is already written in Block IV. Write down the names of household members in order according to the code related to head of the household.

Household members are everyone who usually lives in a household, either when the enumeration was conducted or temporarily unavailable. Household members who have left the house for 6 months or more, and those who have gone less than 6 months but intend to move/will leave the house for 6 months or more, is not considered as a household member. A person who has lived in the household for 6 months or more or a person who has lived in the household less than 6 months but intend to move/live in the household for 6 months or more, is considered as a household member. Information: Domestic help or driver that lives and eats at their employer’s residence is considered as a household member of their employer, but those who only eats or only lives there are not considered as a household member of their employer.

Column 3: Relationship with Head of the Household

Ask each household member their relationship with head of the household and fill in the appropriate code in the provided box. The first household member has to be head of the household, followed by:

1. Wife/husband head of the household. 2. Biological children, step children or adopted children of the head of the household. 3. In laws, who are husband/wife from biological children, step children or adopted children. 4. Grandchildren, who are children from biological children, step children or adopted children. 5. Parents/ father or mother in law, who is the father/mother of head of the household or father/mother from the wife/husband of head of the household. 6. Other family such as individuals who are related to the head of the household or with wife/husband head of the household, for example younger/older sibling, uncle, aunt, and grandfather or grand mother. 7. Domestic help are individuals who work as a helper and lives in the household and receives salary/wages in cash or in goods 8. Others who are not related to head of the household or wife/husband head of the household and have been living in the household for 6 months such as a guest, friends and lodgers.

Information

1. Ex in laws who are not related to head of the household is recorded as others; those who have family relations are recorded as related status with head of the household before marriage.

2. A family member who is employed as a helper (receive salary/wages) is considered as a domestic help. 19

Column 4: Sex: Fill in the code of sex for each household member in the available boxes.

Column 5: Age (years): Ask the age of respondent and fill in the answer in the boxes. The age is counted in years and rounded down or the age of the last birthday. The age count is based on the Roman calendar. Information:

1. If the respondent is 7 years 10 months, write 7 years. 2. If the respondent is less than 1 year, it is considered as 0 years.

If the respondents do not know their exact age, try to obtain information on their age by doing as follows:

1. Ask for birth certificate, birth documents, patient card, immunization card and Road To Health Card or other documents recorded by their parents. Examine the issued date of those documents (example residency card or family card) if the age, not birth date is written there.

2. Associate the birth of respondent with a date, month and year when an event occurred or an important matter occurred in Indonesia or in other areas, which is known nationally or regionally. Example: Election day, mountain eruption, flood, fire, election of the village head/ kelurahan, etc. Other important events can be used to predict someone’s age such as : 1. The Landing of Japanese forces in Indonesia (1942) 2. Indonesia’s Independence year (1945) 3. First Election (1955) 4. The 30th September Movement/Indonesian Communist Party (1965)

3. Comparing the age of household members with their siblings. Start with predicting the age of the youngest child, compare with the second youngest by asking approximately the age or their capabilities (stepping/sitting, standing up, walking). The eldest when the younger sibling was born or was still in the mother’s womb. Do this procedure to obtain information on the elder siblings.

4. Comparing neighbor’s children or relatives whose age is known. Calculate how many months are that neighbor’s children or relative, whether older or younger from the respondent’s age.

In several areas, respondent remembers the date, month and year of birth based on the Hijriah (Arabic) Calendar or related to events in religious calendar such as fasting, ied, haj ies or the prophet’s birthday. In order to understand the respondent’s age in the Roman Calendar, use the conversion guide in Attachment 3.Sometimes a respondent does not know his age and when asked answers “up to you “. In this case the enumerator has to ask once more based on how to obtain information on age.

The boxes for age are 2 boxes, for those who are aged less than 10 years the first box should be added a zero (0) and those who are aged 97 or more write 97. Example: 9 7 103 years

6 years 6 months 0 6

11 months 0 0

Column 6: Marital Status

Ask the marital status of the respondent and fill in the code in the provided box. 20

Married is has a wife (for men) or husband (for women) during enumeration lives together or separated. In this matter not only those who are legally married by law (custom, religion, state etc) but also those who are living together and by the community is considered as husband and wife.

Divorced is a separation between husband-wife due to divorce but has not remarried. Including in this matter are those who admit to be divorced although not officially by law. On the contrary, excluding those who have lived separately but their status is still married, for example husband/wife abandoned by their wife/husband to another place due to studying, working, seeking for work, or other requirements. A woman, who admits they have never married but has been pregnant, is considered as divorced.

Widowed is husband or wife whose husband or wife died and has not remarried.

Column 7: Became a Crime Victim during the Past Year

Ask to household members were they crime victims during the past year. If “Yes” fill in code 1 and if not fill in code 2. A person becomes a crime victim if during the past year the person/ possessions experienced a crime act or experienced an attempted crime. A year ago is counted from the period a day before enumeration during the past year. Example if the enumeration was conducted on January 5, 1996 the period a year ago is January 5 1995 till January 4, 1996.

Criminal act in this survey is all criminal acts and law violation. The victim approach is recording the victim of the crime not the criminal where the households do the recording. If a household member of a household becomes a crime victim he/she is classified as a household that experienced a criminal act.

In general, the type of crime that is experienced by someone/possessions is classified as follows:

1. Murder Murder is an act that was deliberately conducted by taking someone’s life. In this murdering act, the victim is a person who died caused by murder, whether died instantly or several moments after the event.

Information: a. Although the death of the victim was not the criminal’s intention, but in this survey is still recorded as a murder crime. Included here is a victim of a car accident that died. b. Victim was abused outside the reference time but died during the reference survey is not considered as a murder victim. c. A person that died caused by a criminal act is recorded on the row of household members that died by filling in Code 1 in Column 7.

2. Heavy Oppression Heavy oppression is deliberate action that causes disturbance of other people’s health, causing other people injured/handicapped or sick until incompetent to conduct daily work perfectly. The victim is a person that is oppressed.

3. Light Oppression Light oppression is deliberate action that does not cause other people ill and does not cause other people injured/handicapped or sick until incompetent to conduct daily work perfectly. The victim is a person that is oppressed. Information: A father spanks his child bottom because the child was naughty. Although it is not categorized as oppression but has a good deed, so that the child is not to be naughty anymore (as long as the father’s action does not cause injury).

4. `Abduction/Seizure of Independence Abduction/seizure of independence is an action of kidnapping someone by opposing the law and aims to make the person under the power of the abductor or under the power of another individual. The victim is the person abducted. 21

5. Robbery Robbery is taking someone’s belongings, wholly or partially, including other people’s possessions with an intention of owning it by opposing the law. The victim is the person whose possessions were stolen. Included in the category of robbery is (i) robbery with violence is stealing belongings or livestock, which is formerly included with violence or threat towards people. (ii) robbery with pemberatan, example stealing livestock, robbery at night, robbery with destruction, robbery during an event (fire, flood, etc), pickpocket by ruining a pocket/purse. (iii) light robbery, is stealing without conducting violence.

6. Burning Burning is an action of deliberately set fire on something (example house, forest) that can cause danger for the life/body/commodities of other people. The victim of a fire is a person/household member whose belongings or household members were burned down, due to the fire.

7. Damaging Damaging is a deliberate action by opposing the law that causes animals/commodities that are not owned can change form or can not be used again. The victim is the owner of the commodities.

8. Smuggling Smuggling is a deliberate action of owning something opposing the law. Something partially or wholly owned by someone else and it is in the hands of someone not caused by a crime. Smuggling is almost similar to robbery without violence. In the case of robbery the commodities stolen are not in the hands of criminal but in the case of smuggling, commodities that are wanted to own are in the hands of the criminal without crime (trusted by the criminal). The victim is the owner of the commodities that are trusted.

Example : 1. Al borrowed But’s bicycle and he sold it. In this case But is the victim of smuggling 2. Ma and Suk together bought a piece of rice field to be developed together. After several months the rice field was sold by Ma without Suk’s permission. In this case Suk is the victim of smuggling.

9. Deceiving Deceiving is an action in order to take advantage over someone or someone else by opposing the law. Using a false name or false situation could do deceiving or with trickiness, telling lies, persuade someone else to give up their belongings, make debt or erase it.The victim is the person deceived/the person who experiences the crime of deceiving.

10. Rape is an action that was conducted with assault or assaults threat, forcing a woman that is not his wife to have sexual intercourse. Rape also includes conducting sexual intercourse with a woman that is not his wife and the woman was unconscious or helpless (was tied up or anesthetized), although not caused by the rapist. Also conduct sexual intercourse with a woman who is not his wife and aged under 15 years old. The victim is the person raped.

11. Adultery Adultery is conducting sexual intercourse with a person who is not his wife or husband without force or assault. The victim is the person who gain loss caused by adultery.

12. Insult Insulting is attacking the dignity and someone’s good name till the person attacked is ashamed and insulted. The dignity here is not dignity in the sexual means. Other examples of insulting are abuse or scandal. Insulting is a deliberate action by attacking the dignity/ ruining someone’s name in front of other people by accusing someone else doing unapproved matters. This action is conducted in front of other people who are intended to insult the person. Insulting can be in words, writing or pictures. The victim is the person being insulted. 22

13. Narcotics The crime of Narcotics are selling, offering, receiving, using (consume) or giving out narcotics and he/she understands that narcotics are dangerous for the life or health. Narcotics are opium, morphine, heroin and marijuana. In this survey the victims are the users of illegal narcotics. - Narcotic users are illegal and a crime, but in this survey is recorded as a narcotic crime victim. - Be careful with the term user. The user in this code covers only narcotic user.

14. Gambling Gambling is an activity that covers the medium, instruments and the place for gambling also involved in gambling. Gambling is a game of risking a sum of money or belongings, in general depends on the fortune and if loses the money is lost. The victim is the person who suffers caused by others that gamble.

15. Others Others are other doings not mentioned in code 1 till 14, example crimes such as: threatening, blackmailing or rape towards male. Note: a. If the object of the crime act belongs to the household, the event is represented by recording it in the lines of head of the household. Example in a case of a stolen television, the crime is written in the line of head of the household. b. If the object of the crime act belongs to member of the household, the event is represented by recording it in the member of the household that experienced the crime.

Column 8: Conducted a Non Routine Trip during 3 Past Months A person conducts a non-routine trip if leaves his/her residence or daily activities and has returned back home/residence. A trip that is not complete means that the person has not returned home is not classified as a trip. Daily activities are activities that are conducted as least once a week. A non-routine trip is classified into 4 types each is coded 1 till 4, and those that did not conduct a non-routine trip are coded 5. Procedures on filling in Column 8 is as follows:

Code 1: if the respondent has visited a tourist object during the 3 past months Code 2: if the respondent did not leave to visit a tourist object during the period of 24 hours Code 3: if the respondent did not leave to visit a tourist object during the period of 24 hours but a traveling distance > 100 km (round trip) Code 4: if the respondent did not leave to visit a tourist object during the period of <24 hours but a traveling distance < 100 km (round trip) Code 5: if the respondent did not conduct a non-routine trip.

Based on experience there are people that conducts a trip but are not covered in the survey. This is not

Information: a. A left for Bandung from Jakarta for trading. In this matter A finds his income in Jakarta, and this is not considered as conducting a trip. 23 b. Cici left for Jakarta from Bandung to shop for merchandise. In this matter Cici conducts a trip because the distance of the trip is more than 100km and is not to obtain income and not to conduct daily activities. c. Every day a student leaves Bogor to go to school at Jakarta, this is a daily activity and is not considered as conducting a trip. d. A person that stays overnight at their grandmother’s house or a friend is not considered as conducting a trip. e. A respondent that conducts a trip for official assignments is considered as conducting a trip if the trip > 24 hours or the distance is >100 km.

A person is classified as staying overnight if he/she stays overnight which is marked by a change of a day.

A tourist object is a destination place due to its natural or artificial attraction or the unique social culture life of the community. Commercial tourist objects are grouped into 15 categories such as:

1. National Park is a natural preservation park that is organized by a zoning system that consists of the main zone and other zones that are used for various purposes such as for knowledge, tourism, recreation and education. Several National Parks in Indonesia are : Ujung Kulon, Bali Barat and Bromo Tengger National Parks.

2. Marine Park is the area of the sea water that has a typical characteristic and functions as a safety system for life support, preservation of various sea biota. Also preservation on the usage of the biological source and the ecological system that is mainly used for the activities of sea tours and natural recreation. Several Marine Parks in Indonesia are: Takabonerate, Banda and Bunaken.

3. Other Natural Parks such as in Baturaden, Candi Borobudur Temple and Prambanan Temple, Curug Dago in Bandung, Bogor Botanical Garden, Carita Beach and Selecta.

4. Water Parks such as Floating Hotel, Marine Pier and water sports

5. Cave Tourist Object is a cave in the natural condition and used as a tourist object that aims to increase knowledge, experience, preserve historical sites and recreation. Several caves are Lawa Cave and Jatijajar Cave.

6. Camping Grounds such as Cibubur Camping Ground

7. Other specific tourist parks such as Buru tourist park, agriculture park (tea plantation, cocoa plantation and flower garden) adventure tour, health tour (hot springs) and handicraft centers

8. Museum such as: Wayang Museum, Train Museum and Stamp Museum.

9. Historical Remains are products of human beings, movable or immovable that are united or grouped or are parts or the remains and are at least 50 years old and is considered as has a historical value for history, knowledge and culture such as temples, palaces and inscriptions.

10. Recreation Parks is a tourist object for recreation and entertainment such as Ancol Dreamland and Indonesia Indah Miniature Park.

11. Zoos such as the Ragunan and Gembira Loka Zoo

12. Other Animal Parks such as Safari Parks and Crocodile Garden

13. Other cultural tours such as tourist objects that are recommended by the Directorate General of Culture to conduct cultural activities such as recreation, art exhibitions, art week and lectures which are organized by the Directorate General of Culture (including art centers). Culture Centers are similar to Art Centers the difference is Art centers are organized privately example: Ismail Marzuki Art Center, Wherdi Budaya in Bali, Purna Budaya in Yogyakarta.

14. Beaches and Lakes (not organized) 24

15. Other Tourist Objects such as Wali Songo Cemetary and other unorganized natural tourist objects Example: Puncak Pas in West Java.

Information:

1. A person that visits a tourist object disregarding the distance and duration of the trip is directly considered as conducting a trip. A tour guide that gives information to tourists or a police that arrives at a tourist object for investigation is considered as a routine activity, if the distance is <100 km, the trip is less than 24 hours and does not stay over night at a commercial accommodation. Therefore the activity in that case is not classified as conducting a trip.

2. A pilot/driver of public transportation when conducting their duties are considered as routine activities, although the distance trip is more than 100 km and the time is more than 24 hours and staying overnight at a commercial accommodation. The activity of a pilot/driver is not classified as a trip but when working as a pilot/driver that visits a tourist object is still considered as conducting a trip.

There are several phases of questions as seen in the diagram on page… before a respondent is considered as conducting a non-routine trip. Usually the enumerator only asks: “Did you conduct a trip during the past 3 months?” If the answer is “No”, it does not mean that the respondent did not conduct a trip as in the trip concept. The next phase is ask the respondent “Did you visit a tourist object?” If the answer is “yes” fill in Code 1 in column 8. If the answer is “no” ask once more “Did you not go to a tourist object?” If the answer is “yes” ask again “Was it more than 24 hours?” If the answer is “yes” fill in Code 2, if “no” ask the next question:” Was the trip (back and forth) more or is 100 km?” If the answer is “yes” fill in Code 3 in Column 8. If the answer is “no” ask again “Did you stay over night at a commercial accommodation?” If the answer is “yes” fill in Code 4 in Column 8, if the respondent conducted a trip but did not fulfill the criteria above, or did not conduct a non-routine trip, fill in Code 5 in Column 8.

If the enumerator only asked if the respondent has conducted a trip during the past 3 months, the answer will not be accurate based on the traveling concept in this survey due to the following: a. The answer “no” does not refer to conducting a trip based on the respondent’s understanding, whereas maybe he/she visited a tourist object.

Column 9: Participation in School (only for household members aged more than 5 years old)

This column is not asked, the contents are taken from Question 14 Block V. If Question 14 is coded 1 or 3 the contents of the column has to be coded 2. If Question 14 is coded 2 the contents of this column is Code 1. This column is to be filled in if the household has household members aged 5 years or more.

Deceased Household Members (including still birth) Within the Past Year

Fill in the information on all household members, who has passed away, including still births, within the past year. If in one household there are more than two who died within the past year, use the extra page of Block IV by mentioning “continued” in the first right hand corner and “continuation” on the extra page.

1. Write in the provided area if there were still births in the household by writing “still birth” in Column 2 and the number 98 in Column 5. Note: Still birth is for a fetus which died in the uterus/ before birth, or born without showing any life signs such as crying, pulse, reflex, movement and pale skin color. Still birth is if the fetus is 22 weeks and over with the weight of 500 grams

2. Write down the number 97 if the household member died in the age of > 97 years old

3. If there is a household member that passed away as a victim of a criminal act the past year, do not forget to fill in Code 1 in Column 7 for the deceased person.

In order to obtain information if there are any household members that passed away within the past year, please ask if the total members of the household in Block IV are the same as the total household 25

members last year. Ask if there are any household members that has just arrived, moved or passed away. Also ask questions of any births or miscarriages in the household. Confirm whether the baby was born alive or still born. Ask the month of pregnancy when the miscarriage occurred. If the pregnancy was > than 22 weeks it is recorded as still birth and written in this block.

Information:

If the deceased was a former the head of household, the recording of the death could be confusing if several household members moved away. The method or place of recording death for such cases are as follows: 1. Write down at the house where the deceased once lived as long as one of the core household members (father, mother, and child) still lives there. 2. If all of the core household members have passed away, it still has to be written at the house of the deceased 3. If all core household members moved to another house, write it down at the new house 4. If all core household members moved to two other houses, write down at one of the other house (wife’s house)

F. Block V: Personal Information, Health and Education

Write down the name and serial number of the person interviewed on the left hand corner on a piece of paper. The serial number of household members has to be the same as the serial number in Column 1 Block IV. Ask if the biological mother of the household member lives with them. If the answer is Yes, please fill in the serial number in the provided boxes, if the answer is No, fill in 00.

Question 1: During this Last Month Do You Have Complaints on these Following Illness? Fill in code 1 if there are complaints and code 0 if there are no complaints for all types of complaints. If all are coded 0, go directly to Question 6 and if Question 6 is Coded 1 only Question 7 Column 4 is filled in.

Illness Complaints is a situation where someone experience a complaint due to illness or psychological, caused by acute disease, chronic disease, accident, criminal acts or other factors.

Type of illness complaints are as follows :

Fever is a condition indicated with the rise of body temperature exceeding 37,5 degrees Celsius, examined by touch using the back of a hand to feel the warmth.

Headache is discomfort feelings, pain, spinning, feels heavy, etc attacks partial or the whole head

Light Coughing is normal coughing which is not continuos.

Severe Coughing is continuous coughing which makes a person cannot take long breaths, ending with a squeaking noise sometimes with vomiting. Usually is called as dog cough, 100 days cough (kinkhoest).

Cold is indicated by nasal mucus and sometimes with a blocked nose.

Diarrhea is a disease where feces are watery, mixed with blood or mucus, usually attacks 3 times or more in 24 hours along with vomiting.

Short breath: difficult to inhale breath but not caused by a cold

Asthma is difficulty in breathing which has a squeaking sound.

Toothache is pain of the teeth or gums also with swelling, but not including ulcer in the mouth.

Seizures /Epilepsy are uncontrolled movements of the whole body or partially, caused by various factors, such as epilepsy, seizures caused by high fever, meningitis. The seizures caused by Epilepsy occurs frequently (example once a month) with almost similar symptoms; the seizure in Epilepsy may affects a certain part only (example 26 cheeks and left eyelid), or the whole body; the victim is unconscious during the seizures of Epilepsy; there are also another type of Epilepsy which occurs without seizures, only unconsciousness for a few moments.

Paralyzed is inability to move a part/whole body.

Ear Inflammation is liquid with unpleasant smell originating from the ear

Measles is a disease that usually attacks children; the symptoms are fever, red eyes, rash, and cough, sometimes along with short-winded breathing and diarrhea.

Jaundice is a disease with symptoms such as yellowish color of the skin and eyes and the urine is tea brown color. Other name of this disease is yellow fever, liver or Hepatitis A.

Accidents that occur at home for example a child is splattered with hot cooking oil, or an old person fell down in the bathroom, etc.

Vehicle Accident is an accident that occur on land, sea, air or when riding an animal also pedestrians run down by a running vehicle. Other accidents, such as at the working place, fell down from a tree, sports accident, etc, including other external reasons. Other accidents are accidents caused by carelessness, failure system, not including an accident caused by a crime such as run down a person to death.

Others such as suicide failures, natural disaster, chronic disease, mental disturbance, snake bite, stabbed by a criminal, etc. Diabetes is a chronic disease but if there were no complaints during the past month is still recorded as had complaints.

Note: An event is recorded as an accident if the event occurred during the past month. The effect that happened before the period of the last month example if the respondent has not healed from an injury caused by an accident is recorded as other complaints.

Question 2: If there are complaints, does it disturb Work, School or Daily Activities ?

Circle the appropriate code and fill in the provided box. If it is coded 2, continue to Question 5.

Disturbance is inability to conduct activities (work, school, and daily activities) as usual caused by the illness. Example: 1. Officials/workers who do not go to work because of illness; or still goes to work but cannot work well; or is incapable to work at full capacity as usual. 2. Students who cannot go to classes/absent from school 3. A housewife who cannot conduct her daily chores as usual 4. A child who cannot play as usual

Question 3: The Duration of Disturbance:……days

Write down the number of days the household members, daily activities are disturbed during this last month. Fill in the number of days in the provided boxes. The number of days disturbed should not be more than 30 days, although the illness complaints has occurred more than 30 days, because the time reference used is 1 month ago.

Question 4: Is it Still Disturbing?

Circle one of the codes and move into the code inside the provided box. Circle code 1 if the health of the household member is disturbed during the enumeration and circle code 2 if not, then fill in that code inside the provided box. 27

Question 5: Did You Have Medication?

Have medication is an effort of household members/ family to obtain medication (example drink jamu, vitamins, massage or compress) or go to health services.

Question 6: Did you Consult or Check your Health a Month Ago?

Circle codes 1 if yes and circle code 2 if not, then fill in that code inside the provided box. If the answer in Question 5 and Question 6 is coded 2, continue to question Question 8 or Question 14 depending on the age of the respondent. Health Check-up: is observing the level of someone’s health either has complaints or to detect if there are any illness as soon as possible. A health check-up could be a general check-up, or just a partial check-up or a small part of the body (screening). Health check-ups could also be conducted based on the request of an institution/unit, example when applying for a driver’s license or recruitment of workers.

Question 7: Frequency of Medication or Health Check-Up

Fill in the provided box: the frequency (how many times) does the respondent visit a health service for out patient treatment or consultation/health check-up and the number of staying overnight in each column provided in Question 7. In the column consultation only 1 (one) box is provided. If in the last month 8 times or more, fill in the code 8 inside the box.

Column 2: Out patient Out Patient Treatment is an activity or an effort of the household members who has health complaints to be examined and obtain medication by going to modern or traditional health services without staying overnight, calling a health worker to the household member’s house, purchasing medicine or self medication.

Column 3: In patient Is an activity or the effort of the respondent that suffers from health complaints by coming to a health facility (for medication) and has to stay overnight.

Note: 1. Questions 2 till 7 does not only refer to severe complaints but also covers all health complaints of the respondent during the past month. 2. If the respondent does self-medication, the frequency of outpatient medication is counted by the frequencies the respondent uses one or more types of brands of medicine to heal the health complaints. Example a person during 3 days takes one brand of medicine but shows no progress then changes to another brand of medicine, so the frequency of medication is 2 times. 3. If the respondent heals 2 types of symptoms of illness that occurs concurrently with one type of medication it is calculated as 1 package (one medication). If both diseases occur on different times, it is calculated as two times of medication. 4. Pregnancy test or health check-up when applying for a driver’s license is considered as health check-up. 5. A respondent who is taken care by a doctor or a paramedic that stays in the respondent’s house is not included as an outpatient. 6. A respondent goes to the doctor then purchase medicine and is healed. Several days later the respondent becomes ill again and purchases the same medicine using the same prescription. The respondent is considered as seeks for medication twice, once to the doctor and once as self-medication (except if the prescription can be purchased again). 7. A doctor/paramedic that is ill and heals them selves is recorded as seeking for medication to a doctor/paramedic. 8. A person that went to the doctor and tells the doctor about his/her child’s illness is considered as an outpatient 9. Consultation with a doctor through the mass media (telephone, fax, newspaper, TV) is included as medical consultation 10. Giving birth and circumcised (no abnormalities) is not included as a health complaint, except if abnormalities occur such as infection that needs special attention/care.

Question 8 – 13: Only asked to respondents aged 0 – 4 years 28

Question 8a: Age

Fill in the age of Under-Fives in months when enumerating. If the respondent is not sure of his/her age, try to obtain the age by using several ways as follows:

a. Ask for birth certificate or other documents recorded by their parents. Experience show that the mistake usually happens on the year of birth, although the date or month is known.

b. Convert the Arabic months or others to the Roman Calendar. In several areas the Arabic calendar is more popular than the Roman calendar.

c. Associate the birth of respondent with a date, month and year when an event happened or an important matter occurred in Indonesia or in other areas, which is known nationally or regionally. Example : Election day, mountain eruption, flood, fire, election of head of the village/ kelurahan etc.

d. Compare with the neighbor’s children or relatives whose ages are known. Calculate how many months are those neighbors, children or relative, whether older or younger from the respondent’s age.

The calculation on the age of Under-Fives are in a full month, the remaining days of age is not calculated. Example if a child is 3 years 4 months 22 days, so the age in months is (3x12)+4=40 months. How to fill in Question 8a is as follows:

Age in months: 40 months 4 0

Question 8b: Who Helped During Labor?

Circle the appropriate code and write into the box. This question aims to find information on who helped the mother during labor. If there are more than one person that helped labor select the smallest code. If a baby was born by a midwife, but due to abnormalities such as the placenta is still inside the midwife’s womb and to discharge it a doctor’s help is needed, the doctor is considered as giving help during labor.

Question 9: Did you Breastfeed?

Circle one of the codes 1 or 2. Breastfed here is by the biological mother of by another person.

Question 10: Period of Breastfeeding (in months)

If a child is breastfed (Question 9=1) ask how long was the child breastfed, and fill in the months and rounded downwards.

Question 10a-c: Fill in Question 10a the total period of breastfeeding Under-Fives, together with food/supplements or not. Question 10b, is the period of breastfeeding Under-Fives without giving food/supplements (only breast milk) and in Question 10c the period of the Under-Fives was breastfed together with food/supplements. The contents of Question 10a has to be the same as Question 10b + Question 10c. Question 10d: This Question is specifically asked for children under 1 year old, concerning breastfeeding and food/supplement for babies in the past 24 hours. Calculated since the enumerator came backward 24 hours. Select Code 1 if the baby is only given breast-milk, select 2 if baby is given breast milk + food/ supplements, select 3 if was not breastfed.

Question 11: Ever been Immunized BCG, DPT, Polio or Measles

Circle the appropriate code then move into the provided boxes.

Immunization is putting inside dead bacteria into a body of an Under-Five through injection or given orally, to obtain immunity towards several types of diseases. 29

Do not misunderstand between injections for medication when a child is ill and immunization that is given to a healthy child.

Code 1: if the child has been immunized and has a immunization card or others including a Road to Health Card (KMS). This card is usually held by the respondent’s parents, including those that answered No, but in a card/KMS which is filled in or a respondent’s parents that answered Yes but the card/KMS is not filled in.

Code 2: if ever been immunized although the parents do not own a card/KMS

Code 3: if has never been immunized although the parents do not own a card/KMS

Code 4: if a child has never been immunized and does not have a card

Note: a. Owns a card/KMS if the card is held by the respondent’s parents (at home) b. An Under-five that was immunized during the National Immunization Week (PIN) is recorded as receives Polio immunization.

PIN is an activity conducted throughout Indonesia in September and October 1995. The type of immunization given was Polio.

Question 12: If Yes in Question 11, Type of Immunization If a child has been immunized, circle the types of immunization received. Add all the circled codes and move the results into the provided box.

Information on Types of Immunization:

1. BCG is an immunization injected on the upper right arm. BCG is given directly after a baby is born, for children or adults is given to prevent from TBC. BCG are given to babies without a tuberculin test and the injection leaves a scar.

2. DPT is a vaccination injected on a baby’s thigh to prevent the baby from diphtheria, pertusis and tetanus. This injection is given after the baby is 3 months old and has to be repeated 3 times with an interval every month.

3. Polio is a vaccine given to babies aged 3 months old and is given more than once with an interval of 6 weeks. Polio is given orally 3 drops into the child’s mouth or as a pill to be swallowed.

4. Measles is a vaccine injected once on the thigh to prevent measles. This immunization is usually given to babies aged 9 till 12 months.

Question 13: How many times have you received DPT and Polio immunization.

Ask how many times does the child receive the DPT or Polio immunization. Fill in the space and inside the box. If the frequency of immunization is more than 8 times, write the number 8 in the box, but in the space is written the actual number. Note: Children that received the Polio immunization during the PIN program in September and October 1995 is calculated as obtained immunization twice. If previously a child has received the Polio immunization 3 times and during the PIN program receives 2 times the child is considered as Polio immunization 5 times.

Question 14-19: ONLY ASKED TO HOUSEHOLD MEMBERS AGED MORE THAN 5 YEARS OLD 30

A person is said that he/she goes to school is registered and actively following an education at a certain formal education level.

Actively following education is those that are registered and follow the process of studying at an educational school, those that did not follow classes but allowed to follow an exam.

A School is a formal school starting from basic education till the highest education. Formal education that is not included are pre school (play group and nursery school) the ‘A’ Package A1 – A 100 (although the level is equivalent to formal school), courses such as typing, computer, languages (although stated as a school) and official courses such as Seskoad, Sepala/Adum, Sepadya/Spama, Sespa/Spamen. Although is not classified as formal school, those that has/currently following Study Group Package A1-A100, is considered as has attended formal school.

Basic education level covers Elementary School, Islamic Elementary School or equivalent, also Secondary School, Islamic Secondary School or equivalent.

Secondary education level covers the public secondary school, vocational secondary school and Public High School, Vocational High School and equivalent.

Higher education is classified into 2 programs such as :

1. Degree program is a program that stresses on the formation of academic specialties, which are specialist in research of a certain discipline, technology or arts organized by an educational institution, covering bachelor’s, post-graduate and doctoral degree.

2. Non-degree programs is a program that stresses on the formation of academic specialties, which are specialist in research of a certain discipline, technology or arts.

Non-degree Programs has several levels as follows:

- Diploma I (D I) - Diploma II (DII) - Diploma III (DIII) - Diploma IV (DIV)

Non-degree Akta has several levels as follows : - Akta I education - Akta II - Akta III - Akta IV - Akta V

Non-degree specialists has several levels as follows: - Specialist I (Sp I) equivalent to Masters and - Specialist II (Sp II)

Question 14: School Participation

Fill in one of the code 1 to 3

1. Not/never attended school are those who has not or never have been registered and not yet active at an education level

2. Still attending school are those who are registered and actively attending a formal education level. Not included those that are following education in a Religious School. 31

3. Not attending school anymore are those who were registered and were actively attending an education at a certain level but at the time of enumeration, is not registered and not actively attending an education. For those who are registered and active in an A1-A100 Study Group Program (Kejar Paket A1-A100) is considered not in school anymore.

Question 15a. Level and Type of Highest Education Ever Obtained/At Present

Fill in one of the code 01-8.

The level of highest education ever obtained/at present is the highest level ever obtained by someone who is no longer at school or the level of education at present being attended by someone who is still in school.

Question 15b. Education Coordinator

Ask who is the coordinator of the school in Question 15a.Fill in one of the code from code 1 till 3

Code 1 : if the coordinator is the government office (Ministry of Education and Culture, Ministry of Religion, Ministry of Health)

Code 2 : if the coordinator is a private institute/individual

Code 3 : if the coordinator is an educational institution from overseas

Example :

Government : Ministry of Education and Culture (Public Elementary School, Public Secondary School, Public High School, University of Indonesia, Institute of Technology of Bandung), Minstry of Health (Nutrition Academy) Department of Agriculture (Agriculture Secondary School, Academy of Fishery) Department of Social Affairs (School of Social Welfare), Department of Religious Affairs (National Institute of Islam Religion)

Private/Foundation: Teachers Association of Republic of Indonesia, Kosgoro Foundation, Muhammadiyah, Santa Ursula, Attahiriyah, Assyafiiyah, Al Azhar, Aisyiah.

Question 16: Level/ Highest Class Attained/At Present

Fill in one of the code 1 till 8

Information:

a. Graduated (primary, secondary or higher education) is coded 8 b. A scholar who at present/has attended a master program is coded 6 c. A scholar who at present/has attended a doctoral program is coded 7 d. At present/has attended Diploma I program is coded 1 e. At present/has attended Diploma II first year is coded 1

Note: For those who has/at present is attending an educational institution that uses the credit system (per semester) the information on the level/year currently attended can be obtained by asking additional question such as: "How many credit points has been achieved?” The respondent’s answer is converted as follows: - 30 credit points = 1st year 31 – 60 credit points = 2nd year 61 – 90 credit points = 3rd year 91 – 120 credit points = 4th year 121 + credit points = 5th year 32

Example:

1. For those who has/at present is attending an educational institution and has passed 30, 31 and 65 credit points are as follows :

Total Credit Point Level attained Level attended at present 30 I II 31 II II 65 III III

2. For those who attended a transfer program from an academy/diploma III to an educational institution with the total of credit points being converted, the level is based on the converted credit points added with the credit points already obtained from the institution.

3. The ‘A’ Package Study Group is equal to Elementary School and the approach level/grade is as follows : A 1 – A20 = 1st grade A21 – A40 = 2nd grade A41 - A60 = 3rd grade A61 – A80 = 4th grade A81 – A100 = 5th grade

A person who has reached A100 and graduated the examination equivalent to Elementary School (including those who had not reached A100 but had followed and passed the equivalent Elementary School examination) Example :

A person that is attending the A30 Package Study Group in Question 14 is coded 3, Question 15a is coded 1 and Question 16 coded 2.

Question 17: Highest Level of Education Attained

Select and fill in the appropriate code 1 to 9

Graduated School means have attended classes and passed the final examinations of a class or the last education level at a public or private school and obtained a diploma. Someone who has not attended classes at the highest level but has followed the final exams and passed is considered as graduated from school.

Not/Has Never Attended School is has never registered and attended an education, including those who has not passed/not yet passed Nursery School but did not continue to Elementary School.

Code 1: Never/Has Not Graduated Elementary School is has attended Elementary School 5/6 or 7 years or equivalent, Basic Level Special School or Islamic Elementary School, Village Administrator School, (education by the community, parents and teachers) Package A1-A100 but has/did not passed. Those who has passed 3 years of Elementary School or equivalent is considered did not pass Elementary School.

Code 2: Graduated Elementary School is has passed Elementary School 5/6/7 years or equivalent Basic Level Special School, Village Administrator School, A1-A 100 Package or Islamic Elementary School

Code 3 :Graduated General Secondary School is has graduated from a Secondary School or equivalent for example : general secondary school, MULO=secondary school during the Dutch colonial, HBS 3 years, secondary special school and Islamic Secondary School

Code 4: Graduated Vocational Secondary School is has graduated from a Vocational Secondary School or equivalent for example : Secondary School for Home Economics , Secondary School of 33

Economics, Technical School, School of Agriculture Technology, School of Religion Teacher 4 years and School for Religion Judicature.

Code 5: Graduated Public High School/equivalent is has passed a Public High School (SMU), or equivalent, AMS (high school during the Dutch colonial period) or Islamic High School

Code 6: Graduated from Vocational High School has passed a vocational high school equivalent to Public High School for example SMPS=School for Social Workers, School of Handicraft Industry, School of Arts. School of Gamelan and Singing, School of Music, School of Development Technology, School of Agriculture Technology, School of Shipping Technology, School of Mining Technology. School of Graphic Technology, School of Sports Teacher, School of Teaching the Handicapped (SGPLB), School for Religion Teacher 6 years, School for Pre School Teachers, Course on Teaching (KPG), School of Chemical Analysis, School of Pharmacist Assistant (SAA), School of Midwives, School of Radiology Worker, HBS 5 years.

Code 7: Graduated from Diploma I/II Program is graduated from a DI/DII program from a formal educational institution that gives a diploma program. Respondents that has a certificate/diploma Akta I and II is also classified in this category.

Code 8: Graduated from an Academy/Diploma III Program/Bachelor or has attained a Bachelor’s degree from a college. Respondent’s that has a certificate/diploma Akta III is included in this classification. Example:

a. Academy of Music Arts of Indonesia b. Academy of Dance Arts of Indonesia c. Academy of Foreign Languages d. Academy of Interior Affairs e. Academy of Community Science f. Academy of State Administration g. Academy of Business Leadership h. Academy of Chemical Analysis i. Academy of Meteorology and Geophysics j. Academy of Statistics k. Academy of Health Inspector l. Military Academy, etc

For colleges that do not offer a Bachelor’s degree, the student in year 4 or 5 the highest education attained is Public High School or Vocational High School.

Code 8: Graduate from a University is graduated from an education in undergraduate, post graduate, doctoral, Diploma IV, akta IV & V, Specialist I & II from a certain university/institute/college. Example :

1. Respondent has graduated from a Public High School and is no longer attending a school, filling in the Questions for this respondent is as follows :

Question 14 is coded 3, Question 15a is coded 4, Question 15b is code 1, Question 16 is coded 8 and Question 17 is coded 5.

2. Respondent has attended a state university majoring in Japanese Literature, due to financial problems he/she cannot attend school and dropped out in the second year. The high school attained was High School organized by an Islamic foundation.

Filling in the details for this respondent is as follows:

Question 14 is coded 3, Question 15a is coded 8, Question 15b code 1, Question 16 code 2, Question 17 is coded 4. 34

3. Respondent is attending the 3rd year at the Muhammadiyah Economic High School, previously attended the Muhammadiyah Secondary School.

Filling in the details for this respondent is as follows:

Question 14 is coded 2, Question 15a coded 5, Question 15b coded 2, Question 16 coded 3, Question 17 is coded 3.

4. Respondent that has attended the first year in the Faculty of Law in a private university, is now attending the 4th year in the Faculty of Dentistry. The High School attained was a Public High School.

Filling in the details for this respondent is as follows:

Question 14 is coded 2, Question 15a coded 8, Question 15b code1, Question 16 coded 4, Question 17 is coded 4.

Question 18: Can You Speak the Indonesian Language?

The codes for filling in the Questions are 1 or 2. To fill in this Question, conduct the interview in the Indonesian Language. If the respondent understands the questions asked it show that he/she is able to understand the Indonesian Language.

Question 19: Able to Read and Write

The codes for filling in the Questions are 1, 2 or 3. For those who are able to read and write in more than one language select the smallest code. Able to read and write means that can read and write words/simple sentences using a certain alphabet. Note : a. A blind person who is able to read and write Braille is considered as illiterate. b. A handicap that previously could read and write but because of a handicap caused the person incapable is considered illiterate. c. A person who is able to read only but cannot write or vice versa, is considered as illiterate.

G. Block VI: Information on Activities of Household Members Aged Over 10 Years Old

This block consists of 11 Questions, starting from Question 20 till Question 30. The objective is to collect data on household members’ occupation and access to mass media.

Question 20: The most Frequent Activity conducted during the Past Week

Circle one of the appropriate codes, and write the circled code into the provided box. If the answer is Working circle Code 1, and continue the question to Question 23.

Past Week is a time reference for 7 consecutive days that ended a day before the enumeration date. Example: If the enumeration date was on January 9, 1996 the past week is January 2 till 8, 1996.

Activities covers the activities such as working, attending school, taking care of the household and others (seeking for work, exercising, recreation, etc).

Most frequent activity conducted is the activity that is most time consuming compared to other activities.

Most time consuming is calculated by comparing the time used for working, attending school, taking care of the household and others (actively seeking for a job, sports, attending courses or recreation). Leisure time used for 35 relaxing, resting, family activities (family gatherings, ritual meals or visiting families) and playing for those who work and taking care of the house is not considered as a comparison.

Code 1: Working is an activity for conducting work in order to obtain or help to obtain earnings or profit minimum for an hour during the past week. Working for an hour has to be done continuously. The earnings or profit covers salary/wages including all benefits and bonus for workers/ entrepreneurs and the income from lease, interest or profit, in cash or in goods for the worker.

Information : a. Conducting a work as in the concept of working to earn wages/help seek earnings is an economy activity that produces goods or services. b. A person who conducts activities of planting cultivation where the production is for self consumption is not considered as not working except the plant cultivation are main food such as rice, corn, potatoes, sweet potato, or sago. c. A person that uses his profession for their own household needs is considered as working, example a doctor who heals his household members, a brick layer that fixes his own house, and tailors who sew their own clothes. d. Household members that help the work of head of the household or other household members, example in the rice field, stall/shop etc is considered as working although they do not receive salary/wages (unpaid worker). e. A person that hires machines/farm machinery, industrial machines, party instruments, transportation and others is categorized as working. f. Domestic help are categorized as working, also as household members of their employer or as non- household members. g. A person that rents his farm to another person and share production, is categorized as working if he/ she is responsible or is managing the farm. h. A person that rents/leases a home furnished or unfurnished is classified as working, but if during the past week was not active renting/leasing a house is classified as not working. Active if does activities on marketing (advertises, contract signing, receives/collect the rent, etc) and checking the house periodically. i. A field laborer and loose laborer who is waiting for a job is considered as not working.

Code 2: School is an activity to attend a school at the elementary level or other level (secondary and higher) including those on vacation. Those who also attends school and works, the activities during the past week is one of between of them that is most time consuming.

Code 3: Household work is an activity of doing household activities such as cooking, washing, sweeping the floor, takes care of children, and shopping for the own household needs. A domestic helper that does the same activities but receive salary/wages, is not categorized as taking care of a household but is categorized as working.

Code 4: Others are activities besides working, attending school and taking care of the household. Other categories are divided into 2 groups: a) Seeking for a job, sports, courses, picnic and social activities (organization, voluntary work) b) Sleeping, leisure, playing and not engaged in any activities.

Activities for comparison to determine which activity is most time consuming are only those categorized in group a). 36

Question 21: Did you Work for at least 1 Hour During the Past Week?

This question is asked if the respondent’s answer in Question 20 is 2,3 or 4. Ask if during the past week has worked at least 1 hour consecutively. If the answer is “Yes” (code 1) go directly to Question 23 and if “No” continue to the next question.

Question 22: Did you have a Job/business but is Temporarily not working during the Past Week?

This question is asked if Question 21 is coded 2. Ask if the respondent has a job but is temporarily not working. Circle Code 1 if “Yes” and if the answer is “No” continue to Question 27.

Those who has a permanent job but is temporarily not working are those who have a job/business but during the past week did not work because of several causes such as sick, on leave, waiting for harvest, on strike or is officially studying. Also those who has just had a job but during the past week has not started working.

Example: Those who are categorized as employed but is temporarily not working are: a. A freelance professional worker who is not working because is sick or waiting for the next job such as a puppeteer, masseur, or a native healer. b. A civil worker or a private worker who is not working because of leave, sick, on strike, or is temporarily relieved because the establishment has stopped it’s activities due to for example: machinery problems, lack of raw material etc. c. A farmer who is not working because is sick or waiting for a next job such as waiting for harvest or the rainy season to work at the rice field.

Question 23a: Total Workdays…days

Workdays are the days used by the respondent for working at least 1 (one) hour continuously during the past week.

Question 23b: Total of Working Hours From The Entire Work Everyday During the Past Week

Write down the total working hours every day during the past week in the boxes and then fill in the total working hours during the past week in the provided boxes. Also fill in the total working days during the past week in the box above it.

Working hours are the time period (in hours) used for working.

Information: a. For employees who usually have a fixed working time, the total working hours every day has to be subtracted with the official break time. The time needed for going to and from the office and home. Also the time used for stopping at a store, friend’s house, etc is not considered as working hours. b. The working hours of a vendor is calculated starting from the time of purchasing basic materials, arranging the merchandise, leave the house for selling the goods, returns home until taking care of the goods at home.

Total working hours is the number of hours used for working starting from work being conducted during the past week. The estimation starts from a day ago (7th day) 2 days ago (6th day) etc up to 7 days ago (1st day) then total all the working hours. If the respondent is temporarily not working fill in the number 00. 37

How to ask the question:

For those that do not work in fixed hours, ask what time do they usually start working every day, count starting from the previous day, 2 days ago and so on up till the 7th day. After that total all the working hours starting from the 1st day till the 7th day. Example:

23a. Total workdays ……6…… days a. 6 b. Total working hours of the entire work every day during the past week

Day 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total 4 6 8.5 8.0 7.5 - 8.0 7.5 6.0 45.5 hours b.

Total working days = 6 Total working hours = 45.5 hours rounded to 46

The maximum total working hours that can be written the box are 98 hours. If the total working hours exceed 98 hours, write down the actual number in the total column but in the provided boxes fill in 98. Fill in the total working hours per day with 1 (one) number behind the comma (per 10 hours).

Question 24: Type of Main Work During the Past Week

Write down comprehensively the type of main work at the left hand side, the right hand is filled in by the editor.

Main work is work which consumes most of the time referring to the time of survey a week ago currently and not usually done. For respondents that are temporarily not working the working hours during the past week is not available (zero), the main work reported is work that is usually done. Example: A typist working at the Central bureau of Statistics during a week ago went on leave, during the leave he gave computer classes, so his main work is giving computer classes.

Type of a person’s work are types of work that is conducted or authorized to a person: 1. An administrative worker at the Elementary School 07 2. A mathematics teacher at a private school 3. A person who helps bringing peoples shopping at the market 4. A shopkeeper at the Gunung Agung bookstore 5. A director at “Budi’s” plywood factory 6. A machine operator at “Ance” spinning mill 7. Plowing private rice field

Question 25: Sector of Main Work during the Past Week

Circle one of the appropriate codes and move into the provided box.

The sector of a work is undertaking activities of an occupation/establishment/an institution where a person works. 38

Code 1: Agriculture covers food crop agriculture, field, forestry, livestock, fishery and hunting, including agriculture services. a. Food Crop Agriculture is an undertaking of the preparation/planting, cultivation of seedlings, seedbed, maintenance and harvesting food crop which covers :

- Cereal: rice, corn, wheat, and other cereals - Tuber: cassava, sweet potato, potato and other tuber - Pulses: peanut, soybean, mung bean, and other pulses - Vegetables: spinach, swamp cabbage, cabbage, pumpkin, carrot, spring onion, celery, cucumber, eggplant, etc. - Fruits: banana, papaya, mango, rambutan, oranges, avocado, durian, snake fruit, mangosteen, apple, pineapple, etc. b. Other agriculture products are the undertaking of the preparation/planting, cultivation of seedlings, seedbed, maintenance and harvesting food crop. Other agriculture products are categorized into plantation crops and other plants besides plantation crops.

- Plantation crops such as: tobacco, tea, eucalyptus, coffee, cocoa, coconut, pepper, nutmeg, vanilla, kapok, quinine, clove, sugar cane, agave and rubber. - Other plantation crop products such as : orchid, jasmine, rose, bougainvillea and other garden plants c. Husbandry is the undertaking of raising large livestock, small livestock, poultry, bees, silk worms, including the breeding of livestock.

Large livestock such as: cow, milking cow, buffalo and horses. Small livestock such as: goat, lamb, pig and rabbit. Poultry such as: chicken, broiler chicken, duck, manila duck, swan, quail, doves and turkey. d. Farming and Husbandry Services is undertaking the development of soil, fertilizing, sowing seeds, harvesting, pruning, sorting and gradation of farming products, skinning, grinding, packaging, irrigation, farming machines rental with operator. Also health services for husbandry, fur/wool shearing, services on grass for feed and the development of husbandry which is conducted based on fringe benefits or contract. e. Forestry and Timber Industry is undertaking the plantation of forest wood, collecting forest products, forest wood. Including activities to fulfill forestry needs and based on fringe benefits or contract. - Plantation of forest wood are activities which include replanting also relocating various plants such as teak, pine, mahogany, sonokeling, jeunjing, sandalwood, etc. - Collecting forest products is an activity which includes seeking resin, forest rubber, rattan, bark, leaves, flowers, roots, honey, seagull nests and charcoal production in the forest. - Timber industry is an activity which includes wood chopping which produces logs or rough wood such as meranti, meramin, pulai, keruing, iron wood, and black wood including bamboo. f. Hunting/catching wild animal hunting with traps and propagating animals is an activity that includes hunting/catching wild animals with traps and breeding animals such as snakes, crocodiles etc. g. Sea fishery is an effort on cultivation, catching and taking sea products such as fish, shrimp, crab, shell fish, pearl, seaweed, reefs, jelly fish etc, including the services of sea fishery conducted based on fringe benefits or contract, such as sorting, gradation and preparation of fish auction. h. Freshwater fishery is an effort on the cultivation, seedling fish/shrimp, fishing in salty water or fresh water, including the effort on services of freshwater fishery. Based on fringe benefits or contract such as sorting, grading the freshwater fishery products, maintenance and reparation of fish ponds, pest control, fertilizing also the implementation of the watering system for fish ponds. 39

Code 2: Mining and Quarrying: the sector of mining and quarrying is undertaking the field of mining and quarrying such as coal mining, oil and natural gas, iron ore, stone mining, clay, sand. Also mining and quarrying of salt, mineral mining, chemical materials and fertilizer materials also the mining of gypsum, asphalt and limestone.

Code 3: Industry/handicraft (including industrial services) is undertaking the converting of basic materials into ready made commodities/half made or commodities with less value into commodities with a more higher value consisting of:

Code 4: Electricity, gas and water a. Electricity is an activity of electric generation and distribution be sold to households, industries and other commercial use. b. Gas is an activity on the production and distribution of natural gas to be sold to households, industries and other commercial use. c. Water purification, provision and water distribution is an activity pertaining to the reservoir, purification and distribution of water to household industries and other commercial use.

Code 5: Construction/building is an undertaking of construction, repairs, building demolition, roads and bridges, roads and train bridges, building tunnels, airplane runway, dock building, parking lot, sports field, electric power plants, transmission and distribution network and network communication building. Including installation of water pumps, digging water well/WC, rental of machinery/construction equipment including the operator, etc.

Code 6: Trading is undertaking activities of selling/ purchasing goods or services, including restaurants, diners/bar, caterer, restaurant on trains, cafeteria, stalls, hotels, motels, hostels and inns.

Code 7: Transportation, storage and communication a. Transportation is undertaking of the transportation of commodities or people by land, sea, river, lake and canal also air transport, packaging and expedition, agency/travel bureau, business rental of land/water/air transportation including the operator. b. Storage is the undertaking of storage of commodities in a warehouse with it’s facilities, also the storage of commodities in a cold storage and a warehouse for commodities in a certain area. c. Communication is the undertaking of communication services for the public through postal, telephone, telegram/telex or a pager device.

Sector 8: Finance, insurance, including undertaking the rental of buildings, land and establishment services. a. Financial institution is the undertaking of the banking business organized by the government/private such as commercial banks, savings banks, credit banks also banks that offer services transferring reserve funds with stock, bonds (deposits, checks, giro, etc). Including the business of mortgage, stock exchange, and other financial services such as moneychanger, lender and thrifts. b. Insurance is the undertaking of insurance such as life insurance, services, accidents, health, commodities/belongings and stocks/bonds including insurance services, insurance agencies, insurance consultant and pension funds. c. Lease/sell & purchase land, building, and establishment services are undertaking lease/sell & purchase immovable. Real estate agency, broker and manager who organizes the rent, transportation rental business on land/water/air without the operator. Also the purchase, selling and property/building valuation based on fringe benefits or contract, including legal services, accounting services and book keeping, architectural 40

services and techniques, advertising service, data processing services and tabulation, building services, marketing research and machinery rental services.

Code 9: Community, social and individual services are the undertaking of legislative institution, highest state institution, defense and security, international corporation and other extra territorial corporation including education services, health, sanitary, entertainment and culture, social welfare organized by the government or private. Also individual services and households such as private tutors, native healer, laundry, barber, repairmen, doctor who has private practice, midwife, welder, beauty salon, photo studio, masseur, helper, etc.

Code 0: Others is undertaking of an individual, institution not included in one of the sectors mentioned above (Code 1 till 9) or is not clearly defined, such as a scavengers.

Information: a. Lapak (scavenger coordinator) is considered working in the trade sector\ b. Individual moneychanger at the bus terminal is considered working in other sector.

Question 26 : Status of Main Work During A Week Ago

Circle the appropriate code based and write in the provided box. Working status is the position of someone in a job.

Code 1: Individulally is working or undertaking at own risk and not using paid workers or unpaid workers. Example :

1. Independent Driver (does not receive salary) installment system 2. Becak (pedicab) driver 3. Workers at the market, train station or other places that has uncertain employer

Code 2: Helped by workers/non permanent workers is working at own risk and using unpaid workers and non-permanent workers.

Non permanent workers are workers that work with other people or an institution/office/establishment and only receives salary/wages based on the how long the work is or the volume of work done.

Example : 1. A shopkeeper who is helped by the household members/unpaid workers and or helped by other people who receive their wages based on the working days. 2. Vendors helped by unpaid workers or other people who are given wages when helping only. 3. A farmer who works on his land helped by unpaid workers. Although when harvesting is shared, permanent is not considered as a permanent worker and the farmer is categorized as working with the help of family workers/non permanent workers.

Note : Work status of a person working under sub-contract is considered as undertaking a business

Code 3: Helped by permanent workers is undertaking at own risk and hires a minimum of one permanent worker.

Permanent worker is someone that is employed by someone else or by a state institution/ office/ establishment with receiving salary/wages permanently, even though there is no activity. Example : 1. A shopkeeper that employs more than one permanent worker 2. A person who owns a cigarette factory who employs permanent workers 41

Code 4: Worker/civil domestic help is a worker/employee that works in an institution/state office and receive salary/wages in cash or in goods.

Code 5: Worker/private employee is a worker/employee that works for a private, institution, office, private company and receives salary/wages in cash or in goods. A farm worker although does not have a certain employer is classified as a worker.

Code 6: Family workers/unpaid workers are workers that work and do not receive salary/wages, in cash or in- goods. Family workers may consist of : 1. Household members of the person being helped such as a wife that helps her husband in the field, 2. Not household members of the person being helped such as relative/family that helps selling in a stall 3. Not household members of the person being helped such as helping a neighbor who has a household industry weaving hats.

Question 27: Were You Looking For a Job the Past Week?

Circle the appropriate code and write in the provided boxes. Looking for a Job is an activity for those that are trying to obtain a job that covers the following: a. Those that has a job but because a certain matter is still looking for another job. b. Those that are non-actively unemployed and will be called back, but is trying to find another job c. Those that has never had a job and is trying to apply for a job d. Those that asked someone else to seek for a job (the person that sought the job is not considered as seeking for a job)

Note: The activity of looking for a job is not limited to the past week only and could have been sought several periods before so long as the status is still waiting for an answer during the past week. In this category also included those who has submitted their job application and is still waiting for the results.

Question 28: Did You Listen To A Radio Program During the Past Week?

Listening to the radio is paying attention or providing time listening to a radio program and is able to understand or enjoy it. If during the past week there are household members that listened to the radio, fill in how long (average hours) did the household member listen the radio per day. If the answer is No, circle code 9.

Information : Listening to music, songs, stories or others from a tape recorder is categorized as not listening to the radio. Listening to the radio could be from their own radio or from a neighbor/someone else.

Question 29: Did you Watch a Television Program During the Past Week?

Watching a TV Program is paying attention or providing time to watch a TV program and is able to understand or enjoy it. If during the past week there are household members that watched the TV, fill in how long (average hours) did the household member watched the TV per day. If the answer is No, circle code 9. Information : Watching a recorded TV program from videotape is not categorized as watching a TV program.

Question 30: Did you Read a Newspaper/Magazine During the Past Week?

Reading a newspaper/magazine is at least reading a topic from a newspaper/magazine and knows/understand the contents of the topic. If during the past week there are household members that read a newspaper/magazine, fill in how long (average hours) did the household member read the newspaper/magazine per day. If the answer is No, circle code 9. 42

Information : a. Reading a newspaper/magazine does not have to be from a new newspaper/magazine, but could also be from an old one. b. Those who reads a torn newspaper/magazine and reads a complete topic, is considered as reading a newspaper/magazine. c. Those who only reads advertisements or looks at the pictures are not considered as reading a newspaper/magazine. d. Reading a copied clipping from a newspaper/magazine is not considered as reading a newspaper/magazine.

Note: 1. A person that listens to a radio or watches TV while reading a newspaper/magazine, calculate the time used that is used for both activities proportional 2. The activity listening to a radio, watching TV or reading a newspaper/magazine does not have to be consecutively in a certain time period, but could also be terputus-putus. The time used is cumulative. 3. If the average time for listening to the radio/watching television programs areless than ½ an hour, then fill in Code 0 and if > 8 hours fill in 8 hours

Example: 1. Yulinda is still in high school, she had an assignment from her school to collect news clippings on poisoned instant noodles, but for 2 hours she could not find it at the library. Home from school she found a torn part of a newspaper, which was about poisoned instant noodles, but the news was incomplete. Because she could not find any news on the wanted topic, Yulinda made Xeroxed copies from a friend to read at home. Yulinda is considered as reading a newspaper because she read a Xeroxed copy so Question 30 = 9. 2. Taufik subscribes to Pos Kota newspaper usually he reads the criminal news for ½ an hour every day, except on Sundays he reads it for 3 hours. So the total hours of Taufik reading the newspaper is (6 x ½ hour) + 3 hours = 6 hours. The average of reading the newspaper during the past week is 6 hours : 7 = 0.86 hour rounded into 1 hour. Question 30 = 1.

H. Block VII: Fertility and Family Planning

This block is aimed to understand the age when the first marriage was conducted, the number of children born alive, children deceased and number of children alive from each ever married women, also the information on family planning of women aged 10 – 49 years old with the married status.

Question 31 – 32 is asked only if the contents in Block IV Column 4 = 2 (female), and Column 6 = 2, 3 or 4 (married, divorced or widowed)

Question 31 : Age when First Married

Fill in the age of the respondent when was first married in the dotted line and write in the provided boxes.

Information :

Those who are pregnant but not married is categorized as divorced (Block IV Column 6 = 3), Question 31 is written with the age when enumerated minus the age of pregnancy. If has given birth, Question 31 is written by calculating the age when giving birth to first child minus 9 months.

Question 32a : Number of Biological Children Born Alive

Fill in the total number of biological children alive in each appropriate column (male or female), and fill in the number in the provided boxes. 43

Biological Children Born Alive are biological children that when born shows signs of life, although only a short period, such as heartbeat, breathing, and crying. A child when born that do not show these signs of life is named still birth.

Information :

To avoid missing the number of children born, first ask the number of biological children that are living in the household and not living in the household, also the number of deceased children so the number of biological children born alive is not forgotten.

Question 32 b: Number of Biological Children that are Still Alive

Fill in the number of biological children that are still alive each in the appropriate column and write down the number inside the provided boxes. To avoid mistakes, ask and write down first the total number of children that lives in the household and outside the household. For children that are living outside the household but has no information is considered as alive.

Question 32 c : Number of Deceased Biological Children

Fill in the number of deceased biological children each in the appropriate column and write down the number in the provided boxes.

Note : In order to obtain the correct answer please check by reading back the answers given by the respondent, example : “To check whether my notes are right, you have …..(read contents in Question 32a) boys and girls that were born alive and…..(read contents in Question 32c) that are deceased, am I correct Mam ?” If there are mistakes repeat the question and correct the wrong numbers.

If there are no biological children born alive, still alive or has died, the boxes has to be written with 00

Question 33 – 35 is asked if the contents in Block IV Column 4 = 2 is female, Column 5 aged (10 – 49) years old, Column 6 = 2 is married; this question has to be asked directly to the women involved

Question 33: Have you Ever used a Family Planning Device/Method

Circle code 1 if the respondent has used a FP device/method, code 2 if No. Ask if the respondent (or spouse) has used a device or FP a method. A woman whose uterus has been taken because of health problems is not considered as a contraceptive device (not tubectomy).

Question 37: Are you Currently Using a Family Planning Device/Method?

Ask the respondent if they are currently using one of a method/device to prevent pregnancy. If the answer is Yes circle code 1 in this box. If the answer is No circle code 2, then write in the provided box.

Question 35: What Family Planning Device/Method is Currently Used?

Circle the code of FP device/method currently being used based on the respondent’s answer, then fill in the provided box. If using more than 1 type of FP device/method, write down what was recently used. Generally the referral time for various types of FP devices/methods being used are 30 days.

Code 1: Female Sterilization/ Tubectomy is an operation conducted with women to prevent pregnancy, by tying up the fallopian tubes. Stress that the operation is aimed that women can no longer give birth to a child. An operation such as lifting up the uterus or ovaries is conducted because of other reasons, not to prevent women 44 to be pregnant. Sterilization here is only an operation, which aims so a woman can no longer give birth to a child.

Code 2: Male Sterilization/Vasectomy is a minor operation conducted to men to prevent pregnancy of their spouse.

Code 3: Intra Uterus Device is a device made from fine plastic/copper, small sized, coil shaped, T, fan etc and is inserted in the uterus to prevent pregnancy. This device is to prevent pregnancy for a long period.

Code 4: Family Planning Injections is one of a way of preventing pregnancy by injecting a certain fluid inside the body, example every 1, 3 or 6 months (also called depo-provera injection).

Information: The effectiveness of injections are 1, 3 or 6 months. A person that has been injected is said to use FP device as long as the effective period has not expired. If the injection has expired and the respondent has not been injected again it is considered as not using a Family Planning Device. So the respondent who is categorized as using the injection method are those who are injected in a period of 1, 3 or 6 months before the date of enumeration.

Code 5: Family Planning Pills are pills that are taken to prevent pregnancy. These pills have to be taken regularly every day. A person is said using FP pills if since their last menstruation takes FP pills every day. Women who usually takes FP pills but forgot to take them for 2 days, but the next day she took 2 (two) pills at once, is still considered as using FP pills.

Code 6: Condom is a device made from rubber in a shape of a balloon usually worn by men while intercourse to prevent their wife/partner from being pregnant. The referral period of the usage of condom is the last time of an intercourse was conducted 30 days before the interview. A person is said using condoms if since the last menstruation of their spouse always uses contraception when intercourse, including the last time they had intercourse (so she is protected).

Code 7: Norplant/Implant are 6 (six) small metal sticks inserted below the skin of the inner upper arm to prevent pregnancy. A person is said using Norplant/Implant if it was inserted less than 5 years before enumeration.

Code 8: Others such as: Intravag is Family Planning Tissue that is inserted into the vagina before having intercourse. The referral period of this method is the last time had intercourse in 30 days before the interview.

Abortion/suction is the abortion of a pregnancy that could be conducted by suction or other methods. Abortion is not included as using a Family Planning device/method or other methods. Others that are known namely MR (Menstrual Regulation).

Code 9: Traditional Methods such as: a. Calendar system is based on not having intercourse on certain days which is the fertile period in a monthly cycle, a women can prevent to be pregnant. This method is not similar to Abstinence, which is not having intercourse for several months without considering the monthly cycle of a woman in order not to be pregnant. To convince that the respondent really understands, stress that this method is to “avoid intercourse during the fertile period”. If a woman does not want to have intercourse on certain days in a month, this is not considered as using the calendar system. She has to have no intercourse in order not to be pregnant. A person is categorized as using this method if they use it in the last 30 days before the interview. A person is said to use the calendar system if they are sure that since the last menstruation they only had intercourse during the infertile period. b. Coitus interuptus: The male to prevent sperm entering the female uterus by withdrawing their penis before ejaculation (climax) does withdrawal. The referral period is the last intercourse in 30 days. c. Other traditional methods such as abstinence, traditional herbs (jamu) or massage. 45

Confirmation: during interviewing, the usage of devices/FP methods should be asked one by one carefully because each device/FP method has an expiry date and the effectiveness of using each of them are different.

I. Block VIII : Housing and Settlement

This block consists of 10 Questions it is aimed to understand the quality and facilities of the house. Most of the information on this block is obtained based on the information given by head of the household or other household members. There are several questions that do not have to be asked to the respondent such as type of walls or roof. These questions are just for reconfirmation.

Question 1: Dimension of Floor

Fill in the dimension of the floor of the building where the household is living in and write in the answer in the provided box (in square meters).

Floor Dimension is the dimension of the floor that is lived on and used for everyday usage (the limit is the roof). The parts used not for everyday usage is not included in the calculation of dimension of floor such as rice barn, stables, place for hanging laundry and specific room for business (example stall). For two storeys buildings the dimension of the floor is the total dimension of all storeys lived in. If a house has more than 1 household, the dimension of the floor of each room used together is divided with the number of households added with the dimension of the floor privately used by each household.

Question 2: Type of Walls

Circle one of the code types of wall that is the widest from the physical building where the respondent’s household is located, then write in the provided boxes.

Walls are the outside/border of a building or which divides it from other physical buildings. If the building uses more than one type of wall with the same size, write down the widest wall from the highest value (smallest code).

Question 3: Type of Roof

Circle one of the code types of roof from the physical building where the respondent’s household is located then write in the provided boxes.

Roof is which covers the top part of a building so that people living beneath it are protected from the sun, rain etc. For a two-storey building, the roof is the most upper part of the building.

Question 4: Type of Floor

Circle the appropriate code type of floor of the building where the household respondent is living in then write in the provided box. Floor tiles covered with Vinyl are also considered as a type of floor.

Question 5: Resource of Lighting

Ask the main resource of lighting at the respondent’s house. Circle the appropriate answer code of the main source of lighting used by the household respondent then write it in the provided box. If the respondent uses more than one resource of lighting, select the resource with the highest value (smallest code). Information:

Non Government Electricity Company is the lighting resource organized by another party besides the PLN (Perusahaan Listrik Negara = State Electricity Company) including those that use the source of lighting from battery, generator and solar energy generator.

Lighting source using kerosene such as pumped lantern (including gas light) is categorized as code 3, other kerosene lights are coded 4, candles are coded 5. 46

Question 6: Drinking Water Facilities

Fill in one of the codes 1 – 4 in the provided boxes

Code 1: Private, if one household uses the drinking water facility only

Code 2: Shared, if the drinking water facility is used together with several other households

Code 3: Public, if every household may use the drinking water facility

Code 4: None, if the household does not own certain drinking water facilities example having to fetch water straight from rivers or from rain water.

Question 7: How to Obtain Drinking Water

Circle the appropriate answer code then move it to the provided box. Purchasing drinking water is paying for the price of water also the price for paying the person that helped the household respondent to obtain the drinking water.

Question 8: Source of Drinking Water Circle the appropriate answer code then move it to the provided box. Ask the respondent their main source of drinking water used by the household. If the respondent obtains water from a water spring distributed to their houses, the source of water is spring water. If the respondent uses water from several sources, select the source of water that is most used by the household.

Tap water is water produced through purification and sanitation process before distributed to the consumer through an installation in a form of tap water. The source of water is undertaken by PAM (Perusahaan Air Minum=Drinking Water Company), PDAM (Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum=Regional Drinking Water Company) or BPAM (Badan Pengelola Air Minum=Drinking Water Organizer Corporate), which is organized by the government or a private company. Information :

1. Household that drinks tap water by purchasing it from a water vendor or from neighbors is considered as having tap water resource. 2. Households that drink mineral water or similar water such as several brands Aqua, Moya or Vit is considered, as has a tap water resource. 3. Household that drinks water from a spring or stored rain water which is distributed to houses using hard plastic pipes/water pipes, the drinking water resource is still considered as spring water or rain water. 4. Household that uses rainwater in the rainy season and purchase water in the dry season, the source of drinking water depends on the type mostly used when enumerated.

Pump water is ground water obtained by using hand pumps, electric pumps or wind mills, including artesian wells (wells drilled to the ground).

Well water is water drawn from the ground. The way of taking the water is by using a water dipper or bucket with or without a pulley. A protected well (coded 3) is if the circle of the well is protected by a wall minimum 0.8 meters above ground and 3 meters deep into the ground, also has a cement floor as far as 1 meter from the circle of the well.

Information: If a household uses a protected well as the resource of drinking water, but obtains the water by using a pump (hand pump or electric pump) the resource of water is categorized as: - Protected Well if the rim of the well is opened - Pump if the rim of the well is closed. 47

Spring water is a resource of water at the surface of the ground where the water comes out by itself. It is categorized as Protected (code 5) if the spring water is protected from waste water (water used after bathing, washing, etc).

Note: Be careful in defining the household water resource because in several areas there are water distributed from rivers or springs from mountains to their houses using bamboo or hard plastic pipes. In this matter the resource of drinking water is river water or springs not taps.

River water is water that is obtained from a river Others are other water resources not mentioned above such as dam/lake water.

Question 9: The Distance to the Closest Septic Tank (is asked if Question 8 is coded 2 till 6)

Ask the distance from the well/water spring to the septic tank (which accommodate human and animal disposal, and water waste), owned by the household or the neighbor. Circle the appropriate code and move to the provided box.

Question 10a: Toilet Facilities

Circle the appropriate answer code then move it to the provided box. A toilet facility means the access for members of a household to a toilet. The facilities are divided into 4 categories that are private, shared, public and others. Included in Others is if the household does not go to the appropriate place to go to the toilet, example in the yard, the sea shore or on the railroad tracks.

Question 10 b: Type of Toilet Disposal

Circle the appropriate answer code, then move it to the provided box. Type of toilet disposal is the sitting/squatting unit used for the toilet. a. Swan neck is a water closet where underneath the sitting/squatting unit the passageway is U shaped (like a swan neck) in order to trap water and prevent the odor rising out.

Picture 1: Swan Neck Latrine

Throne (Plengsengan) is a latrine where underneath the sitting/squatting unit the passageway is even and sloped directed to the disposal area.

Picture 2: Throne toilet

b. Dry Latrine (cubluk/cemplung) is a latrine where underneath the sitting/squatting unit there is no passageway directed to the final disposal area. 48

Picture 4: Dry Latrine

d. Others if no water closet is a toilet not mentioned above including does not have a seat/squatting unit.

Question 10c: Final Disposal Place

Circle the appropriate answer code then move it into the provided box. a. Tank is the final disposal place that is usually a container made out of bricks or concrete with or without an absorption container. In several types of toilets available in public places such as at the park, the container usually is a cylinder made of iron or wood. This container can be released and moved to the disposal place. In this case the final disposal place of this toilet is considered as a tank. b. Pond/rice field if the final disposal is in a pond or rice field. c. River/lake/sea if the final disposal is in a river, lake or the sea. d. Hole if the final disposal is in a hole in the ground without any boundaries/wall (does not absorb water) e. Sea shore/open field/yard if the final disposal is at a seashore or in open field including a yard. f. Others are places not mentioned above such as railway tracks.

J. Block IX : Average Household Expenditures Per Month and Main Resources of Household Income

This block is aimed to write all the household consumption expenditures which are categorized into 2 groups:

1. Expenditures for food consumption

2. Expenditures for non-food consumption

The total expenditures also the main resources of the household are written in this block.

The expenditures for food consumption and non food consumption needs which are included in the list are expenditures for household needs/household members only, not including the expenditures for the usage of household business or received from another party/individual. The expenditures for food consumption are the value of food that were actually consumed during the referral time of survey (consumption approach). As for non-food consumption expenditures the concept used is delivery approach which is what was purchased/obtained from another party as long as it is for the household needs.

Several examples which are not household consumption and not written/recorded are :

1. Rice or other food material used to cook food for sale, festivities or received from another party.

2. Food given by workers that help in a household business or for workers that are not household members

3. Furniture purchased for the needs of a stall or other business

4. Goods purchased as a gift or to be sent to another party that are not household members 49

Sub block A: Expenditures for Food during the Past Week

This block is aimed to write all food consumption of the household during the past week.

Write in Column 2 the total expenditures for each group of food consumed during the past week. Question 16 is the total of Question 1 till 15.

Food expenditure is the value of expenditure for the household consumption during the past week, which are purchased, self-produced or a gift. For food that is self-produced or as a gift the value is estimated with the current market price. There may also be a possibility that the respondent may not give the information on what is purchased because not all of it may be consumed, so record that is actually consumed by household members during the past week. The aim of asking these Questions is to prevent the respondent missing the type of food that is various. Each type of food could be purchased, self-produced, gifted etc. Question 1 – 15: Each type of food group asked in Question 1 – 15 is mentioned in column 1. Ask all Questions by mentioning all types of food written between brackets (to prevent the respondent forgetting) which is purchased, self produced or gifted.

Sub block B: Non Food Expenditures in a Month and Twelve Months

This part is aimed to record various expenditures for non-food consumption during the past 12 months and the past month, which was purchased, self produced or gifted. Write in Column 2 all non-food expenditures for household consumption during the past month and in Column 3 for all expenditures during the past 12 months.

Expenditures during the Past Month are expenditures that are actually spent during the past month, not the expenditures during the past 12 months divided by 12. On the contrary the expenditures the past 12 months are actual expenses that were actually spent during the past 12 months, which ends a day before the enumeration or 12 calender months. So the expenditures during the past 12 months covers the expenditures of the past month, but the expenditures of the past 12 months is not necessarily spent in a period of the past month. In certain cases such as expenditures for house rent and taxes may not be spent a month ago but is still calculated for the expenditures during the past month, also the past 12 months. The expenditures for non food consumption consists of 8 expenditure sub groups starting from Question 17 till Question 24 which has to be asked in order. To minimize under reporting also to ease the officers conducting the interview and recording, for each sub group there are also examples of type of commodities/expenditures which is included in every sub Question.

Question 17: Housing and Household Facilities

Expenditures for housing and household facilities are for house rent (including the estimation of renting own house) house maintenance, electricity bills, telephone, fuel, gas, and purchased water. The calculation for expenditures that are used for paying bills may be seen by the paid bills which are usually last months bill.

Question 18: Various Commodities and Services

Expenditures for various commodities and services are expenditures for commodities such as bath soap, cosmetics, sanitary napkins, transportation (including fuel for transportation) vehicle reparation and maintenance, household helpers, salary, reading materials, recreation, the expenses for making identification card/ driver’s license, etc (purchase of toothbrush, moth balls, Xerox copies etc).

Question 19: Education Expenditures

Education expenses are expenses for education purposes such as school fee, registration, contributions, scout activities, stationery and courses fee including making Xerox copies of books/school books.

Question 20: Health Expenditures

Health expenditures are expenses that are paid for health maintenance such as hospital bills, community health centers, doctor, medication, pregnancy examination, family planning expenses etc. 50

Question 21: Clothing, Shoes and Head Coverings

The expenditures written here are expenditures for clothing, shoes and head coverings. The commodities are ready made clothes, clothing material, sewing fee, shoes, thread, detergent and others (towel, belt, shoe shine, laundry). The expenses for school uniforms are included in this Question.

Question 22: Durable Commodities

The expenditures written here are expenditures for durable commodities such as furniture (table, chairs, etc) household accessories (pillows, curtains, etc) tools, kitchenware, entertainment equipment (television, video, radio, cassette, guitar, piano, etc) sports equipment, jewelry, vehicle, camera etc, wall hangings, aquarium, electricity installation, telephone, water, etc. Information: a. Commodities (example vehicle, TV) that was purchased and received although is not paid yet, the value is still included in the appropriate expenditure detail b. Gifts from other person that are used as household needs are written as household expenses, the prices are adjusted with the price when the commodity was consumed. c. Expenditures for purchasing gifts or money given as gifts are not included also expenses for parties and ceremonies.

Question 23: Taxes and Insurance

The expenditures that are recorded here are expenditures for Land and Building Taxes (PBB), radio, television taxes, taxes and insurance for vehicles other contribution, fire insurance primary and others.

Question 24: Party and Ritual Needs

The expenditures recorded here are the expenditures to celebrate wedding parties, circumcision, religious celebrations, custom rituals and others, are not included for parties or foe circumcision (food consumption for parties will be recorded as food-consumption in each household’s guests that arrives at those parties).

Question 25: Total of Non-Food This Question is the total expenditures for Question 17 – 24, besides for the past month (Column 2) also for 12 months ago (Column 3)

Question 26: Monthly Average Expenditures for Food The contents are the results of Question 16 multiplied by 30 : 7.

Question 27: Monthly Average Expenditures for Non-Food The contents are the results of Question 25 Column 3 divided with 12.

Question 28: Monthly Average Household Expenditures The contents are the total of Question 26 and Question 27 that is the average household expenditure in a month.

Question 29: Main Resources of Household Income

Write in Question the field of employment and work status of the members or household members that has the largest income in the dotted line (codes will be filled in by editor). The concept and how to write the status and field of job has been mentioned in Block VI VSEN96K List. If the household considers that the income receiver (person who receives income without risk or is not involved in decision making) is the main resource, fill in the income recipient which covers as follows: a. Pension recipient b. Rent recipient who receives income from renting a house/land, machinery and equipment without being responsible of the business risk (example : agriculture field, tennis court, house, shop, warehouse, 51

machinery equipment etc). Including the share from the agriculture products of the land which was undertaken by another party c. Interest recipient from banks, post office, cooperative etc (including individuals) from money savings or loans from individuals d. Profit recipient from the establishment in the form of a legal body (Government Company, Personal Firm etc) e. Gift recipient gifts and those similar received consecutively for consumption

Notes:

1. Expenditures not included in Block IX VSEN96K. List are as follows :

- Sending money for non household members : for a child that does not live in the household (another city, for parents or relatives) - Donating money/goods for weddings, birthdays, circumcision etc. - Savings, paying for arisan (regular social gathering whose members contribute to and take turns at winning an aggregate sum of money) or paying debts - Expenditures for food consumption at a party or circumcision (besides food consumed by the household members) - Expenditures for capital goods/investment for purchasing a house, major house renovations, purchasing a motor cycle for an ojek (motor cycle taxi) - Expenditures for insurance premiums that acts as savings such as life insurance, scholarship insurance etc - Other transferred expenditures such as charity, celebration of independence day donation, charity for orphans

2. If the goods consumed are paid by credit the consumption value has to be filled in with the primary price of the goods (not including interest). If the primary price is not known, the consumption value filled in is the total of installments of the goods until it is fully paid. Be careful not to record the primary as consumption.

K. Block X : The Participation of Households in the Least Developed Village Program (IDT)

This block aims to understand the participation of households in the Presidential Instructions on Least Developed Villages Program.

IDT (Presidential Instruction for Least Developed Areas) is a governmental program with the main target to speed up the elevation of poverty. This program was executed for the first time in the yearly budget of 1994/1995 which is a funding loan of Rp.20 million per village/sub regency categorized as least developed. A least developed village is determined based on a number of variables of the data in the 1993 Potensi Desa (Podes = Village Potentials), also various other compiled variables. These least developed villages receives a maximum loan of Rp.20 million for 3 consecutive years starting from the year 1994/1995 except for villages with the population under 50 households. Every year the list of least developed villages has to be updated based on the Core Podes that is also collected each year. The Rp.20 million loan has to be distributed directly to the community/poor families that are gathered into community groups (Pokmas=Kelompok Masyarakat) as an actively productive organization. The loan has to be given completely to those who are appointed/selected.

Question 1. Has the head/members of the household ever been a member of Pokmas (Community Group) of the IDT Program?

Circle code 1 if the head/member of the household has been a member of Pokmas (Community Group) and Code 2 if not. If the answer is yes (Code 1) continue to Question 2, and if the answer is no (Code 2) the question for this block is considered as complete. Pokmas is a group of family that are considered or included in the classification of destitute based on the results of the local officials. The Pokmas is formed due to the IDT program. 52

The formation of Pokmas is based on the groups that has existed such as the groups of pottery craftsman, bakso (meatballs & noodles) vendors, crispy chips makers or farmers group. The formation could also be based on the arisan groups or destitute families that live nearby. In several cases due to the limited IDT fund compared to the number of Pokmas or the amount of capital needed, not all Pokmas/Pokmas members directly receives the IDT fund. They have to wait for the next term or wait for other Pokmas that has obtained funding and has paid their debt. The IDT funds are not distributed directly to least developed villages with a large number of Pokmas members but it is arranged by using the roll over system.

Note: The formation of Pokmas is based on the family units which are different from households. The questions on the IDT program is based on the household unit, which is if minimal one household member becomes a Pokmas member the household is considered as Pokmas members.

Question 2. Have you ever received IDT funding?

Circle one of the appropriate codes. If the answer is Code 1 continue to question Question 3, if the answer is Code 2 the question is completed. The IDT funds are distributed directly to every Pokmas member or to a Pokmas unit. If the IDT funding is distributed to a Pokmas check if the respondent is a member of the Pokmas that received the funds. If the answer is yes, the respondent has already received the IDT funding program.

Question 3. Value and Source of Received Funds

Fill in the column “Funding Value” the value of funding is based on the year when it was received. Fill in also the column “Source” of the funding. Fill in Code 1 if the aid is directly from IDT funding (usually through Bank Rakyat Indonesia), Code 2 is roll over and Code 4 if the respondent does not know the source. Note: The source of funds could be from more than one source so the Codes should be totaled (Codes 1 – 7). Example: A household received in a year the IDT funds twice, firstly from direct funds and secondly is from roll over, so fill in the box Code 3.

There is a probability that IDT funds are not distributed to each Pokmas member but as a unit. In this matter the value of funding is the total value of funds divided by the number of Pokmas member that is recorded as has received IDT funds. Note:

1. The Pokmas members may receive the IDT funds in the form of goods (example livestock, production tools or business instruments), and each Pokmas member usually understands the value of the goods. If the respondent does not know the value, ask head of the Pokmas or the local officials that organize the IDT. 2. If a household receives the IDT funds more than once in a year, total the value of received aid. 3. If a household has recently received the IDT funds (in early 1996) the funds are considered as received (recorded) in 1995.

L. Block XI: Notes

This block is used to write various matters that were found during enumeration. Example if the name of head of the household is different between VSEN96.DSRT and VSEN96.K, explain the reason in this block (example head of the household died or moved or a mistake occurred when writing in VSEN96.DSRT List.) 53

V. INFORMATION ON THE CONSUMPTION/HOUSEHOLD EXPENDITURES (VSEN96.M)

The VSEN96.M List is used to collect the information on consumption/household expenditures, either for food consumption or non-food consumption, also the income and receiving of the households. The objectives are to understand the following:

1. Average consumption/expenditures per household or per person (kapita) per month based on the type of food and not the food 2. Consumption pattern/people’s expenditures, either between the food group and non-food group 3. Average consumption per capita energy and protein

The expenditures for food consumption and non food consumption needs which are included in the list are expenditures for household needs/household members only, not including the expenditures for the usage of household business or received from another party/individual. The expenditures for food consumption are the value of food that was actually consumed during the referral time of survey (consumption approach). As for non- food consumption expenditures the concept used is delivery approach that is what was purchased/obtained from another party as long as it is for the household needs.

Several examples that are not household consumption and not written/recorded are:

5. All types of food material used to make food to be sold, for festivities or received from another party. 6. Food given by workers that help in a household business or for workers that are not household members 7. Furniture purchased for the needs of a stall or other business 8. Goods purchased as a gift or to be sent to another party that are not household members

Block I: Identification of Location

Question 1 till 8: Write down the name of province, regency/municipality, sub-regent, village/kelurahan, urban/rural area, number of enumeration area, segment group number, segment number based on the contents of Questions 1 till 8, Block I VSEN96.K.

Question 9 and 10:Write the Code Sample Number and serial number of household samples based on the contents in Question 9 and 10, Block I, VSEN96.K

Question 11: The editor fills in Village Classification during processing

Question 12 and 13: Write down the name of head of the household, and the number of household members based on the situation during enumeration (the contents has to be the same as the contents in Question 1 and 2, Block II, VSEN96.K).

Question 14: Write the address of the respondent complete and clearly, example Nurdin Road, Lane III No.22, RT004/018. Copy the address into the VSEN96.DSRT list, Block IV Column 7.

Block II: Information on Enumeration

Question 1 till 4:Write the name and NIP of the enumerator, occupation of enumerator, date of enumeration and signature of enumerator

Question 5 till 8: Write the name and NIP of supervisor/investigator, occupation of supervisor/investigator, date of supervision/investigation and the signature of the supervisor/investigator

Block III.1: Food, Beverage and Tobacco Consumption during the Past Week

The objective is to record the quantity and value of food, beverage and tobacco consumption of the entire household members during the past week. The period of the past week is 7 consecutive days that ends a day before enumeration. For example if the enumeration was conducted on January 15th then the 54

past week is January 8th – 14th. When filling in the list, the officers should record what is actually consumed by the household during the past week. There is a possibility that the respondent only gives information on what is purchased, so please be aware that not everything that is purchased is also consumed. Example: a housewife usually buys basic needs such as sugar, rice, salt, cooking oil and so on for monthly needs. In this matter the sugar, rice, salt, cooking oil and so on is recorded for the consumption during the past week. Prepared food and beverages eaten outside the house, which is in- kind or purchased has to be recorded.

The expenditures of household members that are not at home (temporarily left) has still to be predicted by estimating the quantity usually consumed, or calculate the same as other household members expenditures. Other expenditures for food consumption is classified into:

Expenditures for food consumption is classified into the origin of the food:

1. Purchased if the food consumed is purchased in cash, in debt or credit (installments). Food consumption/food materials taken from the stall owned by the related household is considered as purchase. 2. Self-produced is if the food consumed is a product of the household/household member or products that are not household industry/household members. 3. Transferred and so on covers all consumption that is received by another party in-kind. Rice distribution usually received by civil servants is considered as in-kind, because it is a part of their income (considered purchased).

Note: Food consumption/non-food consumption that is self-produced or is a gift is filled in as one in the questionnaire as follows: Column 6 for the quantity and Column 7 for the value.

Each type of consumed food is filled in with the quantity based on the standard units mentioned in Column 3 and written in 2 figures behind the comma and the value is filled in rounded rupiah figures.

Title of Column and How to Fill in

Column 1 and 2 : the serial number and name of each type of food, beverage and tobacco. During the interview the officer has to be careful not to miss anything.

The officer has to ask one by one the type of food by reading out the names written in Column (2). This is to remind the respondent the food that has been consumed by the household during the past week, whether it is purchased, self-produced or distributed/transferred.

Column 3: Standard Units The standard units are written in Column 3. It is used to ease the data processor and conduct comparison between several households/areas.

Column 4 and 6: Quantity The quantity is filled in with the appropriate standard based on what is written in Column 3 with two figures behind the comma. The quantity is filled in into the boxes.

If in a local area the standard units are not the same as mentioned in Column 3, before starting the enumeration seek for the conversion from the local standard units by weighing at the local market. If the local units are various seek for the price of each standard unit.

Example: The local standard unit of Long beans is bunches in various sizes, large, small and smaller. Weigh a bunch of Long beans that costs Rp.200,-/bunch, the weight is 0.20kg or 2 ounces so the price of Long beans per 55 kilogram is 1kg/0.20kg x Rp.200,- = Rp.1,000.-. If an enumerator enumerates a household that consumes 2 bunches of Long beans by the price of Rp.500,- the weight could be estimated as follows: Rp.500/Rp.1,000 x 1 kg = 0.50kg. This is just a guidance there are possibilities that the household purchased with a price that is more expensive/cheaper or self-produced.

Column 5 and 7: Value The value is written in rounded rupiahs. If it is self-produced or gifted the estimation value is the local price. The value is directly filled into the boxes.

Note: 1. The value of consumed food material is valued based on the current market price during the past week. 2. The type of food entered in Block III.1 besides ready-made food and beverages also the basic materials (rice, chicken) not the final outcome (rice, fried chicken).

Example: a. Two months ago a household purchased powdered milk in a tin for 3 months stock with the price of Rp.8,200,-/kg. The household consumed ½ kg of milk during the past week. When purchasing the same type of milk a week ago the price has raised to Rp.8,500,-/kg, so the recorded value of consumed milk is ½ x Rp.8,200,- = Rp.4,100,-. b. A household purchased coconuts 3 times, first 3 coconuts that costs @Rp.350,- secondly 2 coconuts @Rp.400,- and the third time bought 1 coconut that costs Rp.350,-. During the past week the household consumed all the coconuts. The value of consumed coconuts is: Rp1,050 + Rp.800 + Rp.350,- = Rp.2,200,-.

Column 8: Total Quantity The contents are the total of Column 4 and Column 6. The total results are directly filled into the boxes.

Column 9: Total Value The contents are the total of Column 5 and Column 7. The total results are directly filled into the boxes.

Check if the price per standard units in Column 9 divided by Column 8 is appropriate. If it seems inappropriate such as the price is too expensive or too cheap then check once more, there could be mistakes in determining the total in standard units.

Note: The people may consume various types of food substances or ready-made food but the space in the questionnaire is limited. In order to accommodate all types of food/food substances that is consumed in each sub-group of food is provided Others also the space (dotted lines) to write the names of food/food substances that is consumed. If a household consumes a type of food that is not mentioned in the questionnaire the enumerator should write it into Others based on its sub-group. Example if the food is from a type of tuber then write the type of food in Others in the sub-group Tubers. If the type of food is consumed uses the local standard unit then convert the weight into a standard unit (kg) for Column 4 and Column 6. If in one subgroup the type of food consumed Others is more than one type then write into the provided dotted lines then add the quantity and value for filling in Column 4 till Column 9.

Example: A week ago Mr. Amat’s household consumed 2 kg Bawal fish (Pomfret) that costs Rp.4,000, 1 kg of Gurame fish that costs Rp.3,000 and 0.5kg of Flying fish that costs Rp.1,500.

How to fill in: Write all 3 types of fish in Others number 036, then add the quantity and value. If all of the fishes were purchased then write into : Column 4 = 2.00 + 1.00 + 0.50 = 3.50kg and Column 5 = 4,000 + 3,000 + Rp.1,500 = Rp.8,500. 56

DETAILS ON BLOCK III.1 SUB- BLOCK A TILL O

Question 001: Sub Block A, Cereal

This sub block consists of 11questions. The contents are the total value of Question 002 till 012. The values in the Columns that are added are in Column 5, 7 and 9.

Question 002: Local rice is where the rice seeds are not from a superior variety such as Rojo Lele, Cianjur and Gembira

Question 003: Superior quality rice such as PB, IR, Pelita, Asahan, and Bengawan

Question 004: Imported rice such as Siam/Thailand, American and Australian

Question 006: Fresh Corn with Husks If the household consumes fresh corn with husks then convert it to the weight 0f 1.45 Example: Last week the household of Udin purchased 5kg of fresh corn without husks and was consumed till finished. Write the consumption of corn into Question 004 Column 4 the quantity is 1.45 x 5kg = 7.25kg.

Question 007: Dry Shelled Corn/rice corn If the household consumes dry shelled corn with husks then convert it to the weight 0f 1.25

Question 012: Others are Sorghum and Wheat

Question 013: Sub Block B, Tuber

This sub-block consists of 9 questions. The contents are the total value of Question 014 till 022. The procedures of filling in are similar to Sub Block A.

Question 014: Taro/keladi or bentul

Question 018: Dried Cassava If a household consumes self-produced Cassava, either the Cassava plant was purchased or self produced, record it as dried Cassava consumption based on the quantity of dried Cassava that is purchased and write the value based on the current price during enumeration. Usually respondents are more aware on the quantity of dried Cassava consumed rather than the quantity of Cassava plants that was used to produce dried Cassava.

Question 022: Other kinds of Tuber such as Gadung, Oyek (Cassava rice), Uwi, Gembili and Gogik

Question 023: Sub Block C, Fish

Sub Block C consists of 31 questions that covers 4 groups that are: fresh fish, fresh shrimp and others, preserved fish, preserved shrimp and other preserved fish. The contents are the total value of Question 024 till 054. The procedures of filling in are similar to Sub Block A.

Question 036: Other fresh fish such as Flying fish, Pomfret, Tembong, Layur, Lemuru, Belanak, Sebelah, Pari, Cucut, Gerot-gerot, Petek, Japuh, Gurame, Tawes, Jambal, Patin, Belida, Eel and Frog.

Question 037: Shrimp including Rebon (small shrimp)

Question 038: Squid/ Cuttle fish, including Octopus

Question 040: Shell fish/Snail, including edible snail and Mussel 57

Question 041: Others, such as: Turtle, Jelly fish and Sea-Cucumber

Preserved fishes: also included are salted and smoked fish

Question 050: Canned fish such as Sardines, Canned Tuna fish and canned tiny sea fish (teri)

Question 051: Other preserved fish, such as preserved flying fish, Tembang, Tongkol, Lemuru, Belanak, Tawes and shredded dried fish meat.

Question 054: Others such as preserved Jellyfish, Sea Cucumber and preserved snails, etc.

Question 055: Sub Block D, Meat

Sub Block D consists of 17 questions that covers 3 groups: fresh meat, preserved meat and others. The contents are the total value of Questions 056 till 072. The procedures of filling in are similar to Sub Block A.

Question 058: Goat meat, including mutton

Question 062: Other poultry meat such as: bird meat, turkey, wild duck etc.

Question 063: Other meat such as: horse meat, rabbit meat, mutton, snake and dog

Question 066:Canned meat such as corned beef (from cow, mutton or other animal’s meat)

Question 065: Other preserved meat such as: smoked beef and salted meat

Question 067: Others such as: beef stock, meat broth, flying red ants, bees and marus (blood from a chicken or a cow that is compressed by being boiled.

Question 073: Sub Block E, Egg and Milk

Sub Block E consists of 13 questions. The contents are the total value from Question 074 till 086. The procedures of filling in are similar to Sub Block A.

Question 078: Other eggs such as: quail eggs and goose eggs

Question 079: Salted egg, either raw or ready to be consumed, is included in this question

Question 080: Fresh milk is fresh milk that is obtained directly from animals such as cow’s milk, goat’s milk and horse’s milk Question 081: Factory liquid milk such as several brands: Ultra, Bear Brand and Strawberry Milk

Question 082: Sweetened condensed milk such as: Indomilk, Cap Bendera and Cap Nona

Question 083: Powdered milk packaged in a tin or a box such as Cap Bendera, Dancow and Klim, including weighed powdered milk

Question 084: Milk formula for babies such as: SGM, Almiron, Meiji, Vitalac, Bebelac, Camelpo, and Nutrilon

Note: Packaged baby food is not classified as milk. If the selected household also consumes packaged baby food do not forget to write it in Question 191 Sub-block L (other consumption).

Question 086: Other dairy products such as yogurt and dadih (fermented water buffalo milk) 58

Question 087: Sub Block F, Vegetables

Sub block F consists of 29 questions. The contents are the total value from Questions 088 till 116. The procedures of filling in are similar to Sub Block A.

Question 095: Vegetable tomato is a type of tomato usually used for cooking

Question 101: Pumpkins are all types of pumpkins such as Siam Pumpkin, Parang Pumpkin, etc

Question 103: Vegetable Soup also including dishes such as Kimlo and Chop Suey

Question 104: Tamarind Soup also including Lodeh soup

Question 116: Other vegetables such as: Genjer (kind of edible riverine plant), Oyong, Pakis (kind of edible fern), Lettuce, Bamboo shoot, Bluntas or other vegetables that is locally consumed in a certain area including eaten raw.

Question 117:Sub-Block G, Pulses

Sub Block G consists of 11 questions. The contents are the total value from Question 118 till 128. The procedures of filling in are similar to Sub Block A.

Question 120: Soya beans If the household consumes fresh Soya beans on a stalk with leaves convert the weight as 0.18

Question 123: Other pulses such as Kidney beans, peas, Lima beans, Bogor nuts, Koro nuts, Jogo and Ercis.

Question 128: Others such as Soya bean juice, Dried Soya bean, Hunkwe flour and other food from pulses

Question 129: Sub Block H. Fruits

Sub Block H consists of 23 questions. The contents are the total value from Question 130 till 152. The procedures of filling in are similar to Sub Block A.

Question 141: Various Bananas such as Barangan, Sereh, Nangka, Mas and Lampung Banana

Question 150:Tomato fruit or Apple tomato is a type of tomato usually eaten as a fruit. If the tomato fruit is used for cooking it is still classified as a fruit.

Question 152: Other fruit such as: Mangosteen, Pear, Sour fruit, Srikaya, Pomegranate, Kecapi, Bangkoang, Longan, Grapes, Markisa, Ceremai, Menteng, Siwalan/lontar, Kolang-kaling and Young Coconut Milk (mixed with ice or sugar).

Questions 153: Sub Block I, Oil and Fat

Sub Block I consist of 6 questions. The contents are the total value of Question 154 till 159. The procedures of filling in are similar to Sub Block A.

Question 154: Coconut oil is made out of coconut and not yet purified, usually called village oil or Klentik Oil. Question 155: Corn oil is made out of corn such as Sintanola (cooking oil brand). 59

Question 156: Other cooking oil is oil that has been purified (factory made) such as several brands: Delco, Filma, Fetco and Bimoli. Whereas other basic material than coconut such as palm oil, Sunflower seeds or Peanut.

Question 157: Coconut, used for cooking is usually made into Santan (coconut milk). To consume young coconut ice drink that is purchased is included into Question 213 Sub-block M (other ices).

Question 159: Others such as Samin oil (kind of cooking oil) oil from fat and instant coconut milk .

Question 160: Sub Block J, Beverage substances

Sub Block J consists of 8 questions. The contents are the total value of Question 161 till 168. The procedures of filling in are similar to Sub Block A.

Question 168: Other beverage substances such as Saccharin sugar, prime sugar, coffee mix, Nutrisari, essence and honey

Question 169: Sub Block K. Condiments

Sub Block K consists of 13 questions. The contents are the total value of Question 170 till 182. The procedures of filling in are similar to Sub Block A.

Question 179: Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) for cooking such as several brands: Sasa, Aji no moto, Indorasa, Royco, Masako and Lezza

Question 181: Ready-made condiments/in package which are condiments for one type of dish such as for Rendang (beef cooked in coconut milk until dried), Opor (chicken cooked in coconut milk sauce), Fried Rice, Sayur Lodeh (kind of soup with mixed vegetables cooked with coconut milk) etc.

Question 182: Other condiments such as vinegar, ginger, kind of ginger plant, saffron and cinnamon, lemon, lime, lemon grass, and citronella.

Question 183: Sub Block L. Other consumption

Sub Block L consists of 9 questions. The contents are the total value of Questions 184 till 192. The procedures of filling in are similar to Sub Block A. Other consumption in Sub-block L is food materials that has not been processed and is still raw.

Question 187: Instant Noodles such as several brands: Indomie, Supermie, Sarimi, Pop Mie, Mie ABC etc.

Question 188: Vermicelli including dried kwee tiau (kind of noodle)

Note: If a household consumes instant noodles that is cooked at home then write into Question 187, but if consumes instant noodles in a stall it is recorded as consuming ready-made food so write into Question 208 after writing in the Consumption Guiding Page (VSEN96.LPK).

Question 191: Packaged Baby Food such as several brands: Cerelac, SUN, SNM, Promina, or Crème Nutricia.

Question 192: Other consumption are: Vermicelli, Misoa (small rice and egg noodles), kwee tiau basah (fresh kind of noodles), Vanilla and other kinds of spices for cakes. 60

Note: If Column 3 (standard units) for Question 159, 168,182 is still empty, the officers is asked to fill in the standard units (kg, ounce, gram, liter or milliliter) for the type that is written in Column 2. If the type of consumed food is more than one type then add the quantity in standard unit written in Column 3.

C.1. Guiding Page for Ready made Food and Beverage Consumption (VSEN96.LPK-List).

The consumption of ready-made food and beverage that is produced by the Susenas data is always lower than the actual consumed food/beverage (underestimated). To lessen underestimation when filling in Sub Block M the officers has to ask first and record all ready made food and beverage during the past week by using the VSEN96.LPK. Moving the data from VSEN96.LPK to Sub Block M could be done at the office or at home.

Ready made food and beverages are food and beverages that are not prepared/cooked by the household, but is directly consumed either inside the house or outside the house such as in a rice stall, at the office or at school.

Procedures on how to fill in VSEN96.LPK is as follows:

Block I: Identification of Location The contents are similar to Block I.VSEN96.M List.

Block II: Information on Enumeration Question (1 – 4): Write down the name and NIP of the enumerator, date of enumeration, and enumerator’s signature

Question (5 – 8): Write down the name and NIP of supervisor/investigator, date of supervision/investigation and signature of supervisor/investigator.

Block III: Ready-made food/beverage consumed inside the house during the past week The objective is to record all ready-made food/beverage consumed inside the house (including the yard). Example: purchased rice and side dishes or cake eaten inside the house or purchased food/beverage from a vendor such as cendol (cut strands of jelly made out rice powder mixed with coconut milk and brown sugar). Also bubur (rice porridge), sate (grilled meat on skewers), fried cassava, bakso (meatballs in broth) and chicken with noodles. Also included as gifts. On the upper part write the date of during the past week. If the enumeration was on January 19th, 1996, then a week ago was January 12th – 18th, 1996.

Column (1): Day/Date To remind the respondent ask and write starting from the 7th day (yesterday) counted backwards till the first day. After writing all ready-made food/beverage on the 7th day/date then continue to the day before it and do so until the 1st day/date. If on a day/date there were no ready-made food/beverage consumed give a dash (-) in Column 2, 3, 4 and 5.

Column (2): Type of ready-made food/beverage Write the type of consumed ready-made food/beverage. Example rice and side dishes, gado-gado (salad with peanut sauce), sate (diced meat on a skewer), lontong (rolled steamed rice wrapped in banana leaves) syrup with ice, cendol, goat-meat soup, fried sweet potato, bakso (meatballs) Indomie, Chiki (light snack for children), Taro (light snack for children), Shrimp/fish crackers, Aqua (mineral water), Coca Cola and Sprite

Note: All consumed fruits are directly written into Sub-block H (Fruits) based on its type

Column (3): Quantity Write the number of the local units for example 3 packets, 2 glasses, 6 pieces, 1 bottle, 5 bowls etc. 61

Column (4): Value Write the value of the quantity of the food in Column 3 in rounded rupiahs. If the consumed ready-made food/beverage is as a gift, estimate the value with the local market price.

Column (5): Origin of food Write the origin of the food, example purchased, self-produced or a gift. If the ready-made food/beverage is self-produced or a gift then the quantity and the value is written into Column Self-produced based on the local price, after it has been written in VSEN96.LPK list. Example: Household A sell fried bananas that is self-produced sold with a price Rp100 per piece. If during the past week household H consumed 10 pieces of fried bananas then write into Question 198 Column 6 = 10.00 pieces and in Column 7 write 1,000.

Block IV: Ready-made food/beverage consumed outside the house of each household member during the past week

The objective is to record all ready-made food/beverages consumed by the household members outside the house. Example buys food at school, at the market, during a journey, at the office and other places. Including those that are treated/paid by a friend, eating during a meeting etc. The date filled in the past week is the same as Block III.

Column 1: Name of household members Write all household members starting from head of the household till the last member. After recording all ready-made food/beverage consumed by head of the household during the past week continue to the next household member do so until the last household member. If there are no household members that consumed ready-made food/beverage outside the house during the past week, write down the name of the household member in Column 1 and put in a dash (-) in Column 2 till 6.

For household members that are not available (left the house for more than 7 days) and has not returned when the enumeration was conducted, the food expenditures is still estimated based on the habits of eating of that household member. Example: if he/she usually eats rice 3 times a day with side dishes and vegetables then estimate that the household member has consumed 7 days x 3 (plates of rice, side dishes and vegetables)

Column 2: Day/Date Write the day/date of consuming the ready-made food/beverage.

Column 3 till 6: The procedures of filling in are similar to Column 2 till 5 Block III.

Question 191: Sub Block M, Ready-made Food and Beverages

Sub Block M consists of 27 questions. The contents are the total value of Question 194 till 220. The procedures of filling in are similar to Sub Block A.

Question 194: White bread The standard unit for white bread is ‘small size’. If the respondent consumes bread in a large size, then estimate the quantity to small size. Small sized bread is bread sold in a small package containing 10 pieces and usually sold in supermarkets and shops.

Question 195: Sweet bread/other breads such as bolu (steamed bread), sweet bread and cake/tart

Question 196: Biscuits such as: sweet biscuits, regular biscuits, kue semprong (traditional light biscuit rolled like a lamp chimney), marie, wafer and Astor 62

Question 197: Traditional cakes such as lemper, nogosari, kue lapis (layered cake), sweet martabak, gelatin, cup cakes and bika ambon. Note: one piece of sweet martabak is equivalent to 6 or 8 pieces of other traditional cakes.

Question 198: Fried food (snacks) such as fried bananas, fried sweet potato, fried Soya bean cake, fried tofu and martabak (made of eggs). Note: One portion of martabak (made out of 2 eggs) is equivalent to 9 pieces of other fried food

Question 213: Other iced drinks such as es lilin (frozen syrup/juice inside a long plastic in a size of a candle) mixed ice (mixed fruit topped with shaved ice with syrup and sweetened milk), ice cubes, mambo ices (same as es lilin). Also Es teler (avocado, jackfruit and coconut mixed with coconut milk) coconut milk with ice and iced juice.

Question 214: Other ready-made food is other than the food mentioned above such as: kolak pisang (bananas in coconut milk and brown sugar) candy, rujak (sliced mixed fruit eaten with brown sugar sauce) asinan (mixed vegetables in vinegar sauce). Also manisan (sweetened preserved fruit) pisang sale (preserved sweetened banana) pecel (mixed steamed vegetables eaten with peanut sauce) hamburger and pizza.

Question 214: Soft drinks containing CO2 (soda) such as: Coca Cola, Sprite, Fanta, Green Sand, Lemonade, Soda water and Cream soda .

Question 216 till 220: Beverages that do not contain CO2 (soda)

Question 216: Packaged water is mineral water that is packed in a glass, bottle or in a gallon.

Question 217: Packaged tea is factory made tea in a bottle or tetra packed such as Sosro tea, Dua Tang tea and ABC tea.

Question 218: Packaged Fruit juice such as Guava juice, Apple juice, Pineapple juice and other fruit juices

Question 219: Health/energy drinks such as: Vita Charm, Yakult, Kratingdaeng, Extra Joss, Lipovitan, Tonotan, M-150, Beras kencur (traditional drink made of pounded rice and galingale) , kunyit asem (traditional drink made out of saffron and tamarind) or Kaki tiga diluted water

Attention: The content (volume) of packaged food/beverage is various. Such as mineral water is packaged in a 200ml plastic glass, 500ml (small bottle), 1 liter, 1½ liter and even in a larger size (20 liters). The standard unit used in this questionnaire is the size that is most consumed by the community. An officer has to convert first to a unit that has been determined, write the quantity into Column 4, Column 6 and Column 8.

Question 220: Other beverages such as: coffee & milk, tea, black coffee, sugar cane juice etc.

Question 221: Sub Block N, Alcoholic Drinks

Sub Block N consists of 3 questions. The contents are the total value of Questions 222 till 224. The procedures of filling in are similar to Sub Block A.

Question 223: Wine from grapes, apples, pineapples and Malaga. 63

Question 224: Other alcoholic drinks such as whiskey, jenever, brandy, gin, rum, arak (traditional drink), sake, tuak (traditional drink) and brem (traditional drink made out of rice)

Question 225: Sub Block O, Tobacco and Beetle Leaves

Sub Block O consists of 6 questions. The contents are the total value of Questions 226 till 231. The procedures of filling in are similar to Sub Block A.

Note: If the standard unit for Question 214 and 231 is empty, ask the officer to fill in Column 3 (standard units) based on the units used to obtain the commodity.

Question 226: Filtered clove cigarettes such as Gudang Garam, Filtra, Bentoel, Jarum and Sampurna Mild.

Question 227: Non- filtered Clove cigarettes such as Gudang Garam, Bentoel, Jarum Coklat, Minak Jinggo, Sampoerna and Djie Sam Soe.

Question 228: Regular cigarettes either filtered or not such as Ardath, Commodore, Kansas, and Marlboro.

Question 230: Beetle leaves/betel, including gambir (ingredient used for chewing beetle leaves)

Question 231: Others such as: Rokok Klobot (cigarettes made out of tobacco wrapped in dried corn husks), Rokok Menyan (cigarettes made out of tobacco wrapped in dried corn husks added with benzoin), Daun Kawung, Klembak Menyan, Rajangan Cengkeh (chopped cloves), Cigarette sauce/tobacco, etc.

Attention: The number of cigarettes in each package varies, there are 10, 12, 16 or 20. If a respondent during the past week smoked a pack of clove cigarettes that contains 12 cigarettes every day, the quantity consumed is : 12 84 7 x ----- = ----- = 8.40 10 10

After conducting enumeration check each Sub Block A till O and total the contents

Note: 1. The household food consumption during the past week is assumed to represent the household food consumption during a month or a year. In order to estimate the food consumption during the past month and year is the weekly consumption multiplied by 30/7 and 52. For food consumption that is self produced (not a household industry) or gifted the estimation taken from Block IV is multiplied by 52, due to the survey time reference for filling in Block IV is the past year. Do not record into Block IV the total consumption value that origins from self-production (not a home industry) or a gift that is consumed before the period of the past week. Example: a. During the past week a household consumed one purebred chicken that weighs 1 kg which was a gift from a relative. In the nearest market the chicken costs Rp.6,000 - Filling in Block III.1 Question 061 for consuming the chicken is: 1.00 in Column 6 and Rp.6,000 in Column 7. - The receiving in Block IV Question 6a is written as 52 x Rp6,000 = Rp312,000.

b. A household consumed 2 papayas that were picked from a tree in their yard approximately a month ago. The papaya costs Rp1,000 per fruit. In this matter either the consumption or the estimated income from the papaya is not written again in VSEN96.M list. 64

Block III.2: Expenditures for Non Food Consumption during a Month Ago and the past 12 Months.

This block aims to record various expenditures for non-food consumption during the past 12 months and the past month that ends a day before enumeration that origins from purchased, self produced or gifted.

Concept on Expenditures

Expenditures during the Past Month are the expenditures that are actually spent during the past month, not the expenditures during the past 12 months divided by 12. On the contrary the expenditures the past 12 months are actual expenses that were actually spent during the past 12 months, which ends a day before the enumeration or 12 calendar months. So the expenditures during the past 12 months covers the expenditures of the past month, but the expenditures of the past 12 months is not necessarily spent in a period of the past month. In certain cases such as expenditures for house rent and taxes may not be spent a month ago but is still calculated for the expenditures during the past month, also the past 12 months.

Example: If the enumeration was conducted on January 1996 based on the Roman Calendar a month ago was December 1995 and the past 12 months is January 1995 till December 1995.

1) In May 1995 a household spent Rp65,000,- for house maintenance which covers a paint job and minor repairs. During December 1995 did not spend any maintenance expenditures, so the contents for question 238 during the past month is empty and for the past 12 months is filled in with Rp65,000.

2) In December, 1995 a household spent Rp.50,000,- for house maintenance which covers a paint job and minor repairs. During the previous months there were no maintenance expenditures, so the contents for question 238 is 50,000 for the past month and for the past 12 months is also filled in with Rp50,000.

3) In December 1995 a household spent Rp.35,000,- for house maintenance which covers a paint job and minor repairs. In July 1995 spent Rp28,000 for fixing the fence and in March 1995 fixed a broken window for Rp10,500. So the contents for question 238 are 35,000 for the past month and for the past 12 months is Rp73,500. To avoid asking the same questions twice for the same article first ask data for the past month first then fill into the column of the past month. Afterwards ask the other months and to avoid missing the months ask month per month then total it and fill into the past 12-month’s column.

Details on the Title, Column and procedures on how to fill in

Column 1 and 2: Serial number and name of each type of non-food expenditures. When conducting the interview the officer has to be careful not to miss anything because there are many types of commodities that are written in one question only. There are also several types of expenditures where the officer has to ask the quantity of the use of electricity, gas, kerosene, fuel and coal.

Column 3 and 4: Value of expenditures during the past month and the past 12 months (in rupiahs) The value is filled in rounded rupiahs. If it is self produced or gifted, estimate the value with the local price. The value is directly filled into the box.

Details on Block III.2 Sub Block A till F.

Question 232: Sub Block A, Housing and Household Facilities

The objective of this question is to record all expenditures for housing, fuel, lighting and water during the past month and the past 12 months.

Sub block A consists of 26 questions. The contents are the total value of Question 233 till 258, for the past month (Column 3) also the past 12 months (Column 4). 65

Question 233: Status of housed lived in Circle one of the codes of 1 till 6 based on answers, then fill into the box. If code 1 is circled then Question 234 has to be filled in. If code 2 is circled then Question 235 has to be filled in, if code 3 is circled then Question 236 has to be filled in. If code 4, 5 or 6 is circled then Question 237 has to be filled in.

Self-Owned if the house lived in during enumeration is actually owned by head of the household or one of the household member. A house paid by installments to the Bank is considered a self- owned house.

Free of rent if the house lived in was obtained from another party without any payment at all

Contracted if the house was contracted by the household/one of the household member for a certain period based on a signed contract between the owner and the tenant, for a period of one or two years. The payment is usually done up-front or paid by installments. On the end of the contract the tenant must leave the house or if agreed between both parties, the contract could be extended.

Rent/Lease is if the household or one of the household members pays the rent regularly and continuously without a certain time period.

Rent purchase is if the house is rented but after a certain period the tenant owns the house.

Official if a certain state/private institute provides the house that covers the rent or rent purchase.

Others are if the house cannot be categorized into one of the categories above example a house owned together, or a house owned based on the customs.

Note: The status of houses lived in has to be observed from the household members that occupy the house. Example: Household A occupies a house free of rent that is rented by household B from household C. The owning status of household A is free of rent.

Question 234: Estimation of monthly rent If the answer self-owned/free of charge (Code 1) is circled, this Question has to be filled in. The estimation on the monthly rent of a self-owned/free of charge house is based on the general rate that is valid in that area. If there are no rented/contracted houses in the village, please use the estimation rate from the nearest sub-district. The estimation value also written in Block IV Question 4a (estimation of monthly rent). Example: Amat has lived in his parent’s house for a year free of rent. Based on the general cost the rent is Rp30,000 per month. How to fill in: a. In Block III.2 Question 234 Column 3 = 30,000 and Column 4 = 360,000. b. A house free of rent is also estimated as an income and is recorded in Block IV Question 4a (estimation of house rent)

Question 235: Contracted House If in Question 233 Code 2 is circled (contracted) then Question 235 has to be filled in. The content of the Column a month ago is the average contract for a month and for the contents of column 12 months ago the average value is multiplied with 12.

If a household contracts a house more than once during the period of the past year, then the contract value of the house during a year and a month ago is based on the contract value of the house. The contract agreement is the last one.

Example: 1. The B family lives in a house that is contracted for 2.5 years (30 months) with the value contract of Rp. 1,200,000,-. Filling in Question 235 for the column a month ago is as follows: 1,200,000/30 = 40,000 and for the column 12 months ago is 480,000. 66

2. Taufik’s household contracts a house as follows: First contract period from October 3rd 1994 till October 2nd 1995 with the contract value Rp500,000. The second period is from October 3rd 1995 till October 2nd 1996 with the contract value Rp600,000. The payments for the contract are paid when the contract starts. From this example the Question 235 is filled in Rp600,000 : 12 = 50,000 inside Column the past month and 525,000 for the Column the past 12 months that is calculated as follows: Rp.500,000 Rp.600,000 (9months------) + (3months x------) = Rp.375,000 + Rp.150,000 = Rp.525,000 12 12

3. During the enumeration A’s household was living in a contracted house that has been contracted for 5 (five) months with the value of Rp.1,200,000 per year that has been settled. Before living in the current house A’s family lived in a contracted house with the value Rp.600,000 per year. The way to write in as follows:

Block III.2 Q.235, Column 3 is Rp100,000 (average contract per month during the 5 last months)

Column 4 is Rp850,000 with the estimation as follows:

Rp.1,200,000 Rp.600,000 (5 months x ------) + (7 months x ------) = Rp500,000 + Rp350,000 = Rp850,000 12 12

Question 236: Monthly rent value

If in Question 233 Code 3 is circled (rent) fill in the rent value that is paid for a month ago in the column one month ago. In the column 12 months ago fill in the rent of a month multiplied with 12, if the monthly rent paid for each month is the same. The rent value filled in Question 236 is the current valid rent in the area. Example: If the monthly paid rent is Rp.15,000,- but if the rent value based on the current rent value in that area is Rp25,000,- per month. Write Rp25,000,- as the monthly rent value. The difference of Rp10,000,- x 12 = Rp120,000 is filled into Block IV Question 4a (estimation of house rent)

Question 237: Value of Rent Purchase, Official and others If the status of a house is coded 4, 5 or 6 (rented, official or others) fill in the monthly value rent in Column a month ago and in Column the past 12 months is multiplied with 12. The rent value filled in is the current rent value. Example: a. A family lives in an official house, where the monthly rent paid is Rp5,000,- but if rented with the current rate is Rp50,000,- per month. Fill in the Question with Rp50,000,- for the monthly rent value. The difference of Rp45,000,- (Rp50,000 – Rp5,000,-) x 12 = Rp540,000 is filled in as income that is Block IV Question 1

b. A family lives in a Rented Purchased House with the installment of Rp30,000 per month (depending on the time period of payment) the valid current rent purchase is Rp.20,000,- . The rent purchase expenses (Question 237) in the contents of Column 3 is Rp20,000 and in Column 4 is Rp240,000. Since the value in Question 237 is an estimated value then it has to be imputed as the estimation of house rent, filled in Block IV Question 4a : Rp240,000 (12 months x Rp20,000). The installment fee for a year is Rp30,000 x 12 = Rp.360,000 is included as debt payment in Block IV Question 6b of the expenditure column.

Note:

If a household during the period of the past year lives in a house with different statuses such as for the last 2 months lives in a BTN house; where previously for the first 10 months lived in a contracted house then the status of the house is the last (Question 233 is coded 1). The expenditures for the BTN house and the contracted house is filled in Question 234 and Question 237 respectively. Example: 67

Basir’s household in a period of the past year lived in a contracted house for the first 10 months, then the last 2 months lived in a BTN house. The contract value for the first 10 months is Rp.600,000. The rent value for the BTN house is Rp.75,000/month. The monthly installments are Rp.100,000. The procedures of filling in Block III.2 and Block IV is as follows:

Block III.2: - Question 233, Code 1 (self-owned) - Question 234 is filled in with the estimation contract value of own house during 1 month for Column 3 during 2 months for Column 4. Question 234, Column 3 = Rp.75,000 Column 4 = Rp.150,000 - Question 235, Column 3 = empty, Column 4 = Rp. 600,000 (contract value for 10 months).

Block IV: - Question 4a = Rp.150,000 (estimated rent for BTN house during the last 2 months) - Question 6b Expenditure Column = 200,000 (if the respondent has only paid the BTN house installments for 2 months)

Question 238: House Maintenance All expenses used for fixing parts of the house that needs repair/broken such as painting, changing broken roof tiles, broken windows etc. Expenditures for expanding the house and or changing the form of the house also the quality of the building are not included.

Note: 1. The value of the repairs conducted by a professional carpenter towards his own house has to be imputed (added to the maintenance fee). Estimate the value of the carpenter’s fee and write the results into Question 3 Block IV. The same analog refers also to other professions such as a doctor that cures their household members, a barber that cuts his son’s hair or a masseur that massages his/her household members, the estimated fee for the doctor, barber or masseur is written into Block III.2 and Block IV.

2. The value of repairs conducted by a non-professional, such as the owner of a house that repair his own house does not have to be estimated. The value of the materials has to be included in Question 238 Block III.2.

3. The repair costs of an unoccupied house is included in Block IV Question 6a as Expenditures

Attention: The quantity for Question 239, 242, 244, 246, 248, 250, 252 and 255 from the results of the interview is filled into the dotted lines (…) then is moved into the boxes based on the determined units. Question 239 will be filled in by BPS so it is not necessarily to be moved.

Example on filling in:

Question 248 = …41…liters 0 0 4 1

Question 252 = …2.5…liters 0 0 2 , 5

Question 239: The quantity of electricity usage Fill in the provided space in rounded figures. If the usage of electricity is in kWh (kilowatt-hours) cross out the word watt, and cross out the word kWh if the usage is in watt. If the source of electricity is from a non-PLN company write the average usage of daily electricity in Column 2 (below the boxes) also the total watt installed in the household.

Question 240: Value of Electricity payment: fill in the amount paid for electricity during the past 12 months and the past month in Column 3 and Column 4. 68

Example: The payment for a month ago is based on the December 1995 payment, so the expenses for 12 months ago is the payment from January 1995 till December 1995. If the receipts are lost or it is difficult to calculate the payment for 12 months ago, use the estimated current values paid for a month and multiply it with 12.

An illustration: Household A uses electricity from a non-PLN company. The total watt installed for each room are as follows: - Living room = 40 watt - Dining room = 25 watt - Bedroom = 10 watt - Terrace = 25 watt

The average usage of electricity each day is 6 hours, the rate per watt/hour is Rp.1,-

The way of calculation is as follows:

- Total watt installed in this household = (40 + 25 + 10 + 25) watt = 100 watt - Total usage in the past month = 30 x 100 watt = 3,000 watt - Total usage in the past 12 months = 12 x 3,000 watt =36,000 watt - Write 6 hours under the provided boxes.

239: Electricity

Quantity: a. The past month:…3,000…kWh/watt

b. The past 12 months: …36,000…kWh/watt

Average usage of electricity = 6 hours

240: Value

Column 3 (a month) = 3,000 watt x 6 hours x Rp1,- = 18,000

Column 4 (12 months) = 12 x Rp.18,000 = 216,000

Question 241: Value of Telephone payment: fill in the amount paid for the telephone during the past 12 months and the past month in Column 3 and Column 4.

The telephone payment for a month ago is December 1995 and for the past 12 months is from January till December 1995. In this question is the usage of telephone is for household usage only (not including the usage of public phones, also Wartel =Telecommunication Stall which is written in Question 286).

Question 242: Quantity of Water Usage Write the usage of water (in m3) for a month and during the past 12 months in the provided space and boxes.

Question 243: Value of Water payment Households that subscribe to PAM (Drinking water Company) or other water companies, write the total payment during a month and the past 12 months. Also included is purchased water or that should be purchased, for example purchased by the establishment/office. The usage of water that should be purchased the value has to be estimated (analog for electricity and telephone). The value of water that origins from a well/pump does not have to be estimated. Note: If the household obtains water from another place (does not pay) but only pays for the transportation fee or contributions is included as expenditures for water (Block III.2 Question 243). 69

Question 244: The quantity of LPG gas usage Fill in the quantity of LPG gas used in kg usually each size of gas has it’s own certain weight.

Question 245: The payment value for LPG Fill in the payment for LPG during 12 months ago and a month ago.

Question 246: The quantity of city gas usage The way to fill in this Question is the same as Question 244. Fill in the quantity of gas usage in m3.

Question 247: The payment value of city gas Fill in the payment value paid for city gas during 12 months ago and a month ago. The State Gas Company usually distributes City gas into houses through pipes.

Question 248: The quantity of kerosene usage Fill in the usage of kerosene for lighting and cooking during the past month and the past 12 months

Question 249: The value of kerosene Fill in the payment for kerosene during 12 months ago and a month ago.

Question 250 till 254: The quantity of fuel/premium used for a generator for household needs only

Question 250: Type and quantity of the usage of fuel/diesel fuel/kerosene for generator Circle one of the appropriate code then move into the box. If a household uses more than one type of fuel for the generator, select the main one (in quantity). Write the quantity of fuel used (in liter) based on the type code of fuel that is written in the box on the left, during the past month also 12 months ago.

Question 251: Usage of fuel/diesel fuel/kerosene for generator If uses more than one type of fuel the value of usage is the total value of all types of fuel that is used.

Question 252: The Usage of lubricants for generator in liters. Write with 1 figure behind the comma.

Question 253: The value of lubricants used for generator.

Question 254: The value of maintenance and services for generator.

Question 255: The quantity of coal used in kilograms (1 figure behind the comma)

Question 256: The value of coal used

Question 257: The value of firewood used and other fuel This question has to be filled in if the household uses firewood for cooking. If the firewood is not purchased but collected from a forest or a plantation estimate the value and write it in this question. The estimation has to be filled into Block IV Question 4b (others). If the selected household undertakes collecting firewood, fill in the income from undertaking the firewood into Block IV, Question 2b, also the estimation value used for household consumption.

Question 258: Value of other expenditures Fill in other expenses such as for dry cell batteries, battery, matches, mosquito repellent, light bulbs, floor cleaner and air freshener.

Question 259: Sub Block B, Goods and Services

The objectives are to record all expenditures for goods and services for the needs of the entire household. This sub block consists of 39 questions. The contents are the total value in Question 260 till 298, for the past 12 months (Column 3) also the past month (Column 4). 70

Question 260: Expenditures for bath soap, toothpaste and shampoo

Question 261: Expenditures for cosmetics (such as hair oil, perfume, powder, lipstick, nail polish, hairspray, comb, etc) also for sanitary napkins Question 262: Expenditures for facial, nails and hair (cutting, perm, hair-wash at a hairdresser)

Question 263 till 278: Expenditures for health

Question 263: State hospital

Question 264: Private hospital

Question 265: Doctor practice

Question 266: Community Health Center (Puskesmas)

Question 267: Supporting Community Health Center (Puskesmas Pembantu)

Question 268: Clinic/Mother & Child Clinic/Health Center (BP = Balai Pengobatan)

Question 269: Integrated Health Posts (Posyandu)/Cadres

Question 270: Midwife/Nurse Practice

Question 271: Traditional healers

Question 272: Purchase prescribed medicine from a doctor

Question 273: Self-medication/non-prescribed medicine/jamu (traditional herbs) such as medicine for headache, flu, cough syrup, rheumatism, liniment, jamu for wind in the stomach, jamu for aches and pains and jamu for mouth ulcers.

Question 274 - 277: Other expenditures for health.

Question 274: Expenditures for pregnancy examinations are all expenses spent for examinations at the hospital, doctor, midwife, Community Health Center (Puskesmas) and others during the past 12 months also a month ago. Expenditures during the past 12 months (Column 4) are expenses during the past month added with the entire expenses spent for pregnancy examinations during the previous months in the past year.

Question 275: Expenditures for giving birth are the entire expenses spent for giving birth at the hospital, midwife, traditional birth attendant or others. If there are births that occur during the past month fill in the expenses spent in Column 3 and 4.

Question 276: Expenditures for immunization for children under the age of five years old (Under-Fives) are all expenditures spent for immunization for Under-Fives such as BCG, DPT, Polio, Measles and Hepatitis B.

Question 277: Expenditures for examination and using Family Planning devices are all expenses spent for Family Planning consultation, examination or the usage/purchase of Family Planning devices at the hospital, doctor, midwife, Community Health Center and others during the past 12 months also a month ago. If all health expenditures are covered by health insurance (Askes), then write in Block III.2 all expenses predicted by the respondent as long as the respondent knows much that should be paid. The difference between what is paid and what should be paid is written in the Income Column Block IV Question 6b (others).

Question 278: Expenditures for health maintenance are all expenses spent to maintain the health condition of all household members such as for vitamins, jamu, massage and fitness during the past month and also the past 12 months. 71

Question 279 till 284: Expenditures for school fee and joining courses

Question 279: Expenditures for school enrolment fee, including registration fee If this household paid for the school enrolment fee 12 months ago, fill it into the Column of 12 months ago and fill in the Column one month ago with a dash (-). If the school enrolment fee was paid one month ago, fill it into the Column of one month ago also in the Column 12 months ago. If it was paid more than 12 months ago, it is not included anymore. Expenditures for contributing school development do not include the money for uniform and textbooks. Uniform expenses is written in Sub-block C and textbooks are written in Sub-block B question 282.

Question 280: Expenditures for school fee and BP3/POMG contribution (POMG = Parent & Teacher’s Association).

School fee is a sum of money that has to be paid every month.

The BP3/POMG contribution is a sum of money that has to be paid every month to maintain and develop the education at the school.

Example: In August 1995 the respondent paid for the School fee for 1-year term (July 1995 – June 1996) and the enumeration was conducted in mid January 1996 how to fill in is as follows: - The value of last month’s school fee is the paid school fee divided by 12 is written in Block III.2, question 280, Column 3. - The value of last year’s school fee is the total paid school fee for January till July 1995 (7x- school fee per month of the previous year term) added with the school fee that has been paid in August. - In December 1995 (5x school fee per month of the current year term), is written in Block III.2, Question 280 Column 4.

Question 281:Other Expenditures for School Contributions Such as contribution for handicraft projects, sports, school celebration such as Kartini Day, Maulud (Prophet’s birthday) or Christmas.

Question 282: Expenditures for textbooks for school or courses. Fill in the expenditures for books that are obligated at school or for courses.

Question 283: Expenditures for stationery. Fill in the expenditures that are used at school or for courses only, other expenses are not included here such as for calculator, brushes for school. These kinds of expenditures are included in Sub Block D (durable goods) based on the questions.

Question 284: Expenditures for courses For courses fee that are paid every month, fill in the column of a month ago. The content of the column 12 months ago is filled in with the monthly fee multiplied with12. If the course fee is paid in advance, find the monthly estimation rate and fill it into the column a month ago. For column 12 months ago, the average monthly payment is multiplied with 12. If the course is less than 12 months, fill in what has been paid.

Note: 1. If during the time reference survey used for Question 279, 280, 281 and 284 the expenses have not been paid, it has to be filled in. In this case do not forget to fill in the values in Block IV Question 6b (others) Income Column (is considered as debts).

2. If there are household members due to good study achievements do not have to pay for education expenses (school fee), then the education expenditures has to be estimated and written in Question 280. The estimation of the school fee is included in Block IV Question 4b (Others).

3. If a household member receives scholarship from the government, establishment or from foster parents the education fee has to be estimated and the scholarship fee is included into Block IV Question 4b (Others). 72

4. The expenses for purchasing a toga (academic gown) and a University jacket is not included as education expenses but is included in the clothing group based on its type.

Example on filling in the education expenditures: Mr.Badrun has 3 children (Ita, Edo and Ana) that live together with him. Ita is in her 5th semester and her academic fee for each semester is Rp.600,000. Four months ago she paid for her 5th semester academic fee besides that she also follows an English course that has been followed for 2 years with the fee Rp.30,000/month. Eleven months ago she bought textbooks for Rp.45,000. Edo is a first year High School student when entering school the enrollment fee was Rp.15,000 and for the school building Rp.250,000. The school fee is Rp10,000/month and has been paid for 7 months. Two weeks ago he bought stationery for Rp.5,000 and 8 weeks ago he bought stationery again for Rp.30,000. During the third year in Secondary School he paid Rp.60,000 for the farewell party and the school fee Rp.7,500/month. Ana is in Kindergarten and the enrollment fee is Rp.250,000 including 1 package of uniform (costs approximately Rp.80,000) and the school fee is Rp.15,000/month.

How to fill in:

Question 279: Enrolment contribution

Column 3: is empty

Column 4: Edo’s school building fee + Ana’s enrollment fee to Kindergarten = Rp.250,000 + Rp.170,000 (Rp.250,000 – Rp.80,000) =Rp.420,000.

Question 280: School fee and BP3/POMG contributions

Column 3: Ita’s monthly academic fee + Edo’s monthly school fee + Ana’s school fee in Kindergarten =Rp.100,000 (Rp.600,000 : 6 months) + Rp.10,000 + Rp.15,000 = Rp.125,000.-

Column 4: Ita’s monthly academic fee for 2 semesters + Edo’s monthly school fee for 7 months and in Secondary school for 5 months + Ana’s school fee in Kindergarten for 7 months = 2 x Rp.600,000 + 7 x Rp.10,000 + 5 x Rp.7,500 + 7 x Rp.15,000 = Rp. 1,412,500,-.

Question 281: Other school contributions

Column 3: is empty

Column 4: Edo’s farewell party in Secondary School + Edo’s registration fee to the High School = Rp.60,000 + Rp.15,000 = Rp.75,000.-.

Question 282: Textbooks

Column 3: is empty

Column 4: Purchase Ita’s textbooks = Rp.45,000,-.

Question 283: Stationery (including Xerox copies)

Column 3: Rp.5,000

Column 4: Rp.35,000

Question 284: Courses fee

Column 3 = Rp.30,000

Column 4 = 12 x Rp.30,000 = Rp.360,000 73

Filling in Block III.2, Question 279 till 284 is:

Serial No. Q u e s t i o n Past 1 month Past 12 months

(1) (2) (3) (4) School/Courses Fee

279 a. School building contribution (enrollment fee) - 420,000 278

280 b. School fee & BP3/POMG contributions 125,000 1,412,500

281 c. Other school contributions (registration) - 75,000

282 d. Text books - 45.000

The283 expenditures e. Stationery for Ana’s school uniform: Rp.80,000 is written 5,000in Question 300. 35,000

284 f. Courses fee 30,000 360,000 The expenditures for clothes Rp.80,000,- is filled into Question 302.

Question 285: Expenditures for newspaper, magazines, books and stationery (besides the needs for school and courses) including renting magazines/reading materials.

Question 286: Expenditure for postage, telegram, public telephone (including Wartel = Telecommunication Stall) and postal needs (stamp, envelope, or postage). Including the expenses for sending news through a person or a communication mode such as SSB and pager.

Question 287 till 293: Expenditures for vehicle used for household needs such as to the office, school, shopping, cinema, recreation etc. A household that owns a vehicle or an official vehicle (owned by the government/private/establishment) fill in the quantity of fuel usage in liters in Question 287, diesel fuel in liters into Question 289 also the quantity of lubricating oil usage in liters in Question 291. Also fill in the value into Question 288 for fuel, Question 290 for diesel fuel and Question 292 for lubricating oil. The usage of vehicles for office needs during office hours is not considered as household expenses, so deduct these types of expenses. The expenditures for repair and maintenance such as changing oil, spark plugs and minor expenses are filled into Question 293. For major repairs such as major damages, changing tires etc are filled into 326.

Note: If an employee receives fuel from the office then the value of fuel is considered as a part of salary/wages and is included in Block IV Question 1 (salary/wages).

Question 294: Expenditures for transportation such as bus, train, plane, sea ship, pedicab and other vehicles. If the office provides free bus transportation the value has to be estimated with the cheapest transportation fee and fill into Block IV Question 1 (considered as a part of salary/wages)

Question 295: Expenditures for hotel, cinema, play, sports and other recreation: are the expenses for admittance fee/tickets for a cinema, renting a sports place, admittance fee into an entertainment place such as a zoo, amusement park etc. In this matter the transportation fee and recreation/sports instruments and buying food/beverages are not included.

Question 296: Expenditures paid for house servants and drivers either a household member or not. A household servant or driver that are household members, the value of salary and wages are written as household income and written in Block IV Question 1. Expenditures for food, clothes and others for the servant and driver are covered in each Question respectively. On the contrary a house servant or driver that are not household members the value of their income is not written as the income of the employer. Also the value of 74 food consumption is not written as the household’s food consumption in the household, but is included as transferred expenses (Block IV Question 5 Column Expenditure).

A household servant that besides does household work also helps the household business, the salary of the servant should be separated (between the salary as a household servant and the salary helping the business) Fill in the salary as a household servant inside this detail. But if it is difficult, the proportion is based on the number of working hours during a month. Also included here is the salary for a gardener, night guard for household use only not for household business/industry.

Example: A works as a servant and a shopkeeper in household B, the salary per month is Rp.120,000,- the working hours as a servant is from 05.00 – 09:00 (4 hours/day or 120 hours/month) and as a shopkeeper starts working at 09:00 - 17:00 (8 hours/day or 240 hours/month) so the salary as a servant is: 120/360 x Rp90,000 = Rp40,000,-.

Question 297: Other expenditures that are not mentioned above are commodities and services that are not covered above such as tissue and mothballs. Also commodities used for cooking such as banana leaves, guava leaves, coconut leaves (for making sticky rice wrapped in leaves) and sate skewers.

Question 298: Other Expenditures for other services: such as birth certificate, photos, drivers license, Citizen ID card and Xerox copies.

Question 299: Sub Block C, Clothing, Shoes and Headgear

This Question aims to record the expenditures of all types of clothing, shoes and head gear either purchased or as a gift. Clothes and others that are gifted are to be estimated based on the price when it was received. Besides clothing, shoes and headgear other items that are included in this sub block: washing soap and laundry fee.

Sub Block C consists of 12 Questions. The contents are the total value of Question 300 till 311, either for a month ago (Column 3) or the past 12 months (column 4).

Question 300: Expenditures for ready-made clothes for male adults such as blazer, shirt, jacket, sarong, pants, tee shirt, underwear (undershirt, underpants etc) and ready-made sport clothes. Also including uniforms for work and school. Note: Specific clothes such as military uniforms and clothes that are only worn at the office are not considered as consumption because it is working attribute.

Question 301: Expenditures for ready-made clothes for female adults such as gown, long cloth, blouse, housecoat, cardigan, skirt, sarong, scarf, angkin (cloth waistband) and underwear (underpants, bra etc). Also including uniforms for work and school.

Question 302: Expenditures for ready-made clothes for children such as shirt, pants, cardigan, underwear and tee shirt. Also including school uniforms.

Question 303: Expenditures for male, female and children’s clothing material such as wool, tetoron (kind of synthetic material), cotton, silk, polyester and hero (kind of cotton material)

Question 304: Expenditures for tailoring repair, thread and other sewing needs such as lace, needle and buttons.

Question 305: Expenditures for shoes for male adults such as shoes, sandals and socks

Question 306: Expenditures for shoes for female adults such as shoes, sandals and socks

Question 307: Expenditures for children’s shoes 75

Question 308: Expenditures for head gear for male, female and children such as hat or rimless hat (kopiah)

Question 309: Expenditure for washing soap bars such as Cap Tangan , Super Busa and B-29.

Question 310: Expenditures for detergent and cream soap such as Rinso, Total, So Klin, Dino, Attack. Cream soap such as Ekonomi, B-29, Omo, and Wings Biru.

Question 311: Other Expenditures for clothing, shoes and headgear such as towel, praying outfit, praying mat, cape, belt, shoe polish, shoe brush and handkerchief and expenses for dry cleaning.

Question 312: Sub Block D, Durable Goods

Sub block D consists of 16 Questions. The contents is the total value of Question 313 till 328, from the Column 1 month ago (Column 3) also Column 12 months ago (Column 4).

Question 313: Expenditures for household furniture such as table, chair, bed, cupboard, wardrobe, credenza, food cabinet and book rack.

Question 314: Expenditures for household appliances such as sewing machine, refrigerator, fan, washing machine and air conditioner.

Question 315: Expenditures for household accessories such as mattress, pillows, bed sheets, blanket, curtain, carpet and ashtray.

Question 316: Expenditures for household utensils such as: iron, broom, scissors, shovel, knife, cleaver, saw, hammer and vacuum cleaner.

Question 317: Expenditures for kitchen utensils and eating such as plate rack, stove, cooking-pot, pan, bucket, frying pan, spoon, thermos flask, plates, glass, cookie jar, mixer, rice cooker, blender, and oven.

Question 318: Expenditures for ornaments/decoration such as an aquarium, wall hangings and other ornaments/decoration made from: ceramic, porcelain, marble, onyx, wood, paper or cloth.

Question 319: Expenditures for furniture reparation, household instruments and tools for repairing upholstery, refrigerator, pumped lantern, water pump and welding fee.

Question 320: Expenditures for wristwatch, clock, camera, eyeglasses other optic gear and reparation expenses.

Question 321: Expenditures for umbrella, bag, suitcase also reparation expenses

Question 322: Expenditures for priceless jewelry made of gold, diamonds and pearls.

Question 323: Expenditures for children’s toys and its reparation such as toy cars, dolls, using or not using batteries, educational toys made from wood or plastic. Also included here are and cheap imitation jewelry.

Question 324: Expenditure for entertainment equipment such as television, video, radio, tape recorder, laser disc, cassette, projector, guitar, piano/organ, computer, games such as Nintendo, Sega, video games and its reparation expenses.

Question 325: Expenditures for sports instruments such as chess, racket, ball, net, bat, stick, tennis table, swimming suit, football shoes and major reparation expenses

Question 326: Expenditures for purchasing vehicles such as a bicycle, motorcycle, car, boat and motor boat also ask the reparation (major repairs). Note: 76

If purchased durable goods that are relatively expensive such as a car do not forget to ask the source of funding. The source of funds could be from savings so Block IV Question 6b (Others) Column Income has to be written the value of savings that were taken.

Example: In May 1995, A took his savings to buy a motorcycle for Rp3,000,000 in cash.

How to fill in: Block III.2 Question 326 Column 3 = Empty. The value of saving that was taken in Column 4: Rp3,000,000 and also entered into Block IV Question 6b Income Column.

Question 327: Expenditures for raising pets and plants including purchasing the food and maintenance for fishes, birds, Bonsai plants, Bottle Palm tree, Red Palm tree, bird food and fertilizer for decorative plants.

Question 328: Expenditures for other durable goods such as electricity installment, telephone, water pipes and reparation expenses also including purchasing calculator machine or a type writer not for the needs for school or business and a pager.

Note: Commodities purchased by credit are recorded as the value of the installments except during transaction there was a distinct separation between the capital installment and interest that is usually practiced by financial institutes. Be careful not to include installments as consumption. How to record the value of commodities purchased by credit is as follows: Example

1. In October 1995 household A purchased a refrigerator that costs Rp300,000,-. Because it was purchased by credit the price costs Rp400,000. The down payment was Rp100,000,-. During enumeration (January 16, 1996) the household has paid for the installments for 3 months (November, December, January) the installment each month was Rp.30,000. How to fill in: Block III.2 Question 314, Column 3 = empty, Column 4 = Rp400,000 Block IV Question 6b (others) Income Column: 400,000 and Expenditure Column Rp.100,000 + (Rp.30,000 x 3) = Rp.190,000.

2. On December 15th, 1995 Mandra purchased by credit a motorcycle directly from a dealer for Rp5,000,000. The down payment paid by Mandra was Rp.1,500,000 and the monthly installment was Rp.350,000. The first installment was paid on January 5th, 1996. The enumeration was on January 12th, 1996. How to fill in: Block III.2 Question 326 Column 3 = Rp.5,000,000. Column 4 = Rp.5,000,000. Block IV. Question 6b (Others) Income Column = Rp.5,000,000 Question 6b (Others) Expenditure Column = Rp.1,850,000 (Rp.1,500,000 + Rp.350,000)

3. On December 10th, 1995 Mrs. Cici purchased a computer for Rp3,250,000 through the credit facility of the cooperative at her office. The down payment of Rp1,250,000 was paid on December 10th, 1995 and the remaining was paid through10 times monthly installments by deducting Mrs. Cici’s salary starting from January 1996. The interest that has to be paid by Mrs. Cici is 1.75% from the current balance each month. Mrs. Cici’s expenditures since December 1995 is as follows:

December 1995: Paid down payment Rp.1,250,000,-.

January 1996: Capital installment Rp.200,000 Interest (1.75% x Rp.2,000,000) = Rp.35,000 77

February 1996: Capital installment Rp.200,000 Interest (1.75% x Rp.1,800,000) = Rp.31,500 and so on.

How to fill in: If the enumeration was on January 15, 1996 then:

Block III.2 Question 326 Column 3 = Rp.3,250,000 Column 4 = Rp.3,250,000

Block IV Question 6b (Others) Income Column = Rp.3,250,000 Question 6b (Others) Expenditure Column = Rp.1,485,000 {Rp.1,250,000 (down payment) + Rp.200,000 (capital installment) + Rp.35,000 (interest)}.

Note: If the down payment were taken from savings/loan, then the value of the savings/loan is written in Block IV Question 6b (others) in the Income Column is also written the value of savings/loan.

Question 329: Sub Block E, Taxes and Insurance

Sub Block E consists of 5 Questions. The contents are the total value of Question 330 till 334.

Question 330: Expenditures for land and building taxes (PBB) which are a compilation of various taxes paid once a year. For the expenses of one month ago is the amount of taxes of a year divided with 12.

Question 331: Expenditures for radio, television and others. The amount of radio & television taxes has been determined each month. For the expenses paid the past 12 months multiply each month taxes with 12.

Question 332: Expenditures for motor vehicles and non-motorized vehicles that are paid once a year. How to fill in is similar to Question 330.

Question 333: Expenditures for other contributions such as for the village contributions, garbage, security, road repair, traffic tickets and household taxes.

1. For households that has not paid taxes write the value of taxes that was paid for the past month and the past 12 months 2. Tax fine is written in Question 333 (including fines due to late payment of electricity, telephone and drinking water) 3. Households that occupy rented or contracted houses. The expenses for PBB is empty/do not pay PBB.

Question 334: Expenditures for fire/accident insurance: the insurance premium is not as a saving. Example: fire insurance for a house a year is Rp45,000 and in a year a fire does not occur, the insurance payment is lost.

Question 335: Sub Block F, Party and Ritual Needs

Sub Block F consists of 5 Questions. The contents are the total value of Question 336 till 340.

The party and ritual expenditures are all expenses for the needs of a party and ritual except for buying food/food materials for the guests

Question 336: Wedding Expenditures are all expenses spent for the entire wedding celebrations such as for hiring the bridal decorations, renting the chairs and the wedding expenses. 78

Question 337: Circumcision/birthday Expenditures are all expenses spent for the circumcision and birthday, such as the expenses for circumcision, decorations and invitations

Question 338: Expenditures for religious days such as Lebaran (Muslims), Christmas/New Year’s Eve, Galungan (Hindus) and the costs for Haj pilgrimage. The expenditures here are the expenses that are not covered elsewhere such as clothes that were bought for Lebaran, New Year and others that are covered in Block III.2. Sub-block C is not to be filled in again.

Question 339: Expenditures for other religious/custom ceremonies such as selamatan (a meal with religious ceremonies) 7 months pregnancy ceremony, offerings etc.

Question 340: Expenditures for funeral services.

The contributions given to another party in-cash or in-goods (gifts) are not included into Block III.2. Sub-block F But is filled into Block IV Question 5, Expenditure Column

Example: Household B conducted a wedding party and A contributed Rp5,000. For A’s household the contribution of Rp5,000 is written in Block IV Question 5 Expenditure Column. For B’s household the contributed money is written into Block IV Question 5 Income Column. For gifts in the form of goods estimate the value in Block IV Question 5 Income Column. If the gift is used for household consumption write the estimated value of the gift into the appropriate question based on the type of goods

E. Block III.3: Average Monthly Household Expenditures

This block is filled in if the contents of Block III.1 and III.2 has been checked including totaling the expenditure value for each sub-block.

Serial number 01: Cereal. The contents are the same as Question 001 Sub Block A Column (9) Block III.1.

Serial number 02:Tuber The contents are the same as Question 013 Sub Block B Column (9) Block III.1.

Serial number 03:Fish The contents are the same as Question 023 Sub Block C Column (9) Block III.1.

Serial number 04:Meat The contents are the same as Question 055 Sub Block D Column (9) Block III.1.

Serial number 05:Egg and Milk The contents are the same as Question 073 Sub Block E Column (9) Block III.1.

Serial number 06: Vegetables The contents are the same as Question 087 Sub Block F Column (9) Block III.1.

Serial number 07: Pulses The contents are the same as Question 117 Sub Block G Column (9) Block III.1.

Serial number 08: Fruit The contents are the same as Question 129 Sub Block H Column (9) Block III.1.

Serial number 09:Oil and Fat The contents are the same as Question 153 Sub Block I Column (9) Block III.1. 79

Serial number 10: Beverage substances The contents are the same as Question 160 Sub Block J Column (9) Block III.1.

Serial number 11: Condiments The contents are the same as Question 169 Sub Block K Column (9) Block III.1.

Serial number 12: Other consumption The contents are the same as Question 183 Sub Block L Column (9) Block III.1.

Serial number 13:Ready-made food & beverage The contents are the same as Question 193 Sub Block M Column (9) Block III.1.

Serial number 14:Alcoholic Drinks The contents are the same as Question 221 Sub Block N Column (9) Block III.1.

Serial number 15: Tobacco & Beetle Leaves The contents are the same as Question 225 Sub Block O Column (9) Block III.1.

Serial number 16: The content is the total of 01 till 015 Column 3

Serial number 17: Sub total of 16 x 30 . Which are the monthly expenditures for food. 7 Serial number 18: Housing and household facilities. The contents of Column 5 are the same as Question 232 Sub Block A Column (4) Block III.2.

Serial number 19: Goods and services The contents of Column 5 are the same as Question 259 Sub Block B Column (4) Block III.2.

Serial number 20: Clothes, shoes and headgear The contents of Column 5 are the same as Question 299 Sub Block C Column (4) Block III.2.

Serial number 21: Durable goods The contents of Column 5 are the same as Question 312 Sub Block D Column (4) Block III.2.

Serial number 22: Tax & insurance The contents of Column 5 are the same as Question 329 Sub Block E Column (4) Block III.2.

Serial number 23: Party & ceremonies The contents of Column 5 are the same as Question 335 Sub Block F Column (4) Block III.2.

The Serial Number of 18 till 23 Column 4 is the same as the contents of Serial Number 18 till 23 Column 5 divided by 12

Serial number 24: Total of all expenditures (column 4) which is the total expenses of serial- number 17 till 23.

F. Block IV: Non-Consumption Income, Receiving and Expenditures during the past 12 Months

This block aims to understand the amount of non-consumption income, receiving and expenditures during the past 12 months. The officers should be very careful when filling in this block to make sure they do not miss any information on the income/received goods. Make sure to obtain data on the income/ received goods of every household member. All answers are written in rounded rupiahs. Similar to the expenditures, income may not be actually received in the period of the past 12 months and last month such as the income from house rent; or may not receive income at all such as the rent estimation of the house lived in or a house free of rent. 80

Question 1: Income from Salary/wages in cash or in goods/services during the past 12 months.

This block aims to obtain the amount of income of each household member that works as a worker/employee. Write also in this question the salary/wages of servants/driver that live in the household (are household members).

The salary/wages are the worker/entrepreneur/employee in the form of cash and or goods from the establishment/institute/employer as a reward from the work that has been conducted towards the establishment/institute/employer.

Salary/wages consists of: a) Main salary/wages b) Living support/expensiveness support c) Other support such as occupation support, housing and vehicle d) Overtime, honorarium, transport fee, medical fee and others e) Compensation in goods/services such as food and other goods that are given to workers, employees, a driver or domestic help that are not household members.

The salary/wages that are recorded here are all the salary/wages as a worker/employee.

- Overtime is the wages paid to a worker/employee that has done additional work past the working hours. - Honorarium is the income in the form of bonus/gratification, premium of production, tip, social support such as marriage support and death/birth support

Salary/wages in the form of goods/services are valued in cash. Goods/services are valued based on the current market price. Example: distributions of rice, soap, butter, pick-up and free admission cinema tickets. Example: Ninie works in an n insurance company as a programmer. Every month she receives salary Rp300,000, health support Rp.25,000 and an average of overtime wages Rp.62,000 per month. Ninie also teaches computer classes and is paid Rp.100,000 per month.

How to fill in Block IV Question 1 Ninie receives the salary 12 months x Rp.537,000 = Rp.6,444,000,-.

Question 2 and 3 is used to record the income obtained by the household

Undertaking household industry is an economy activity conducted by the household/household members, either with or without workers/employees. The objectives are to obtain goods and services to be sold/exchanged to another party or to obtain income/profit by at their own risks.

Undertaking household business covers agriculture and non-agriculture. If the household undertakes agriculture business then the income that is recorded are all agriculture products that are produced. As an example undertaking food crops, dairy cow and beef cattle is recorded as productive, if all crops are harvested, milking the cows and if the cows have been slaughtered.

Production costs are all expenses that are spent to produce goods or services that is recorded as a production, not including the expenses for household consumption. Income is the total production subtracted with the entire production costs.

Question 2:Income from Agriculture Business during the Past 12 Months

Income from undertaking Agriculture: is the total income from food crop agriculture, non-food crop agriculture and others related to agriculture.

Question 2a: Food crop agriculture and non-food crop agriculture 81

1) Food crop: a. Cereal: rice, corn, wheat, and other cereals b. Tuber : cassava, sweet potato, potato and other tuber c. Pulses : peanut, soybean, mung bean, and other pulses d. Vegetables: spinach, swamp cabbage, cabbage, pumpkin, carrot, spring onion, celery, cucumber, eggplant, etc. e. Fruits: banana, papaya, mango, pineapple, rambutan, jackfruit, orange, guava etc.

2) Non-food crops such as: coconut, tobacco, coffee, clove, pepper, nutmeg, sugar cane, kapok, cinnamon and rubber.

Question 2b: Other agriculture activities (livestock and poultry, fishery and forestry) a) Undertaking livestock: including large and small livestock b) Undertaking poultry: purebred chicken, quail c) Undertaking fishery including shrimp and sea plants.

Note: 1. Undertaking a livestock, poultry or fishery business is said productive if the products has been sold/used and write in Block V the gross production income selling price subtracted with the purchase price and the maintenance fee.

2. The value of livestock/poultry that is handed to another party free of charge is entered into Block IV Question 5 Expenditure Column. Example: A farmer planted rice then Soya beans in a land of 250m2. In November 1994 planted rice and harvested in March 1995 with the production of Rp.600,000 and the production cost Rp.250,000. In May 1995 the Soya beans were planted and harvested in August 1995 with the production of Rp.450,000 and the production cost of Rp.150,000. In September 1995 planted rice and harvested in January 1996. In December 1995 the farmer needed cash and sold the rice to another party before harvest (the agriculture system: ijon) and received Rp300,000. The expenses spent are Rp150,000. The calculation of Block IV Question 2a is as follows: Production : Rp.600,000 + Rp.450,000 + 300,000 = Rp.1,350,000 Production cost: Rp.250,000 + 150,000 + 150,000 = Rp. 550,000 Income: Rp.1,350,000 - Rp.550,000 = Rp. 800,000

The income from undertaking agriculture during the past year is Rp.800,000 written into Question 2a.

Note: 1. The Ijon agriculture system is the system conducted by farmers where the agriculture products are sold before harvest. If it was sold before the time reference survey, but the production (harvest) during the reference time, the value is not necessary included in Block IV Question 2. However if a household has a funding source from the stock of last year’s production then the source of funding is recorded as Income in the Question 6B Income Column.

2. The harvest of agriculture product before the reference time of the survey and sold during the time reference is not necessary included in Block IV Question 2.

Question 3: Income from Non Agriculture Business during the Past 12 Months

This block aims to obtain the average monthly income from non-agriculture business during the past 12 months. All values are based on the price during transaction. Non-Agriculture Business is undertaking industry/handicraft, trading, transportation, services, building, quarrying, renting (land, building) and so on.

Production is goods/services that is produced including side-products. Do not include productions that are not ready for sale, except if the industry/handicraft produces half-made goods. Example: 82

1. Tono owns a shoe industry and is helped by several non-permanent workers. Tono’s business has been running for a year and is the only work he has done during these past 12 months with a production of 500 pair of shoes. Tono has sold 400 pair of shoes with the price of Rp15,000 a pair. The production cost for producing 500 pair of shoes is Rp4,500,000 including the cost of labor. Filling in Question 3 Block IV is as follows:

Production = 500 x Rp.15,000 = Rp.7,500,000

Production cost = Rp.4,500,000

12 months Income = Rp.7,500,000 – Rp.4,500,000 = Rp.3,000,000 is filled in Question 3.

2. The household of C has 15 lodgers who are students. Each student pays Rp150,000 each month. The student receives money sent from parents Rp250,000 each month. C’s household provides food and accommodation for students Rp1,500,000 each month. In this matter household C is undertaking renting a building and the 15 students are a specific household so in this building is considered has 2 households. It is important to separate expenditures between food consumption between C’s household and the students. C’s household consumption (not including consumption for students) is included in Block III.

How to fill in:

C’s household consumption is filled in Block IV. Block IV Question 3 will be filled in as follows: (15 people x 12 months x Rp.150,000) – (12 months x Rp.1,500,000) = Rp.27,000,000 – Rp.18,000,000 = Rp.9,000,000

Note:

1. The income of the household could be negative if the production value is less than the expenses, such as puso (dried up fields). If Question 2 and 3 is negative do not forget to put a dash (-) in front of the appropriate box.

2. The value written is the credit price (for products sold by credit)

Question 4: Other income besides salary/wages and household business during the past 12 months

The aim is to obtain information on other income besides the salary/wages and household business during the past 12 months ago. The contents filled into this block are the actual income during 12 months ago.

Question 4a: Estimation house rent is the estimation of the house rent for 12 months owned by the people living in the house/free of rent. If the house is not self-owned/free of rent, and the rent is lesser than the actual rent value then the difference is put into this detail.

Question 4b: Others cover as follows:

1. Interest: is the income calculated based on a certain percentage from money savings or loan towards another party or institute/body (Bank, Cooperative etc) after deducted from taxes.

2. Land rent: is the income that origins from the product of renting land

3. Rent/contract (house, building etc) is an income that origins from the product of renting/contract a house, building, shop, etc.

4. Profit as a shareholder is income that origins from an establishment profit that is given to the shareholders. 83

5. Pension is income that origins from a pension received by household members at the end of their working period

6. Scholarship is the income received routinely (usually every month) from another party with a certain requirement that is agreed by both parties.

7. Insurance claim: is the amount of money/goods received from the insurance related to a death or has reached the due date.

8. Other income are other income not mentioned above (number 1 till 7) such as sharing product that has no risks, withdrawal of establishment’s profit or royalty. Also includes other income from a ‘live pharmacy/stall’ (apotik/warung hidup = are plants that are planted in the yard and could be used for medication or consumed). Has 1 or 2 papaya trees or other fruits or raises 2 chicken, fishing in public waters also embroidery/making lace during leisure time and the products are sold

Question 5: Income and transfer payment during the past 12 months This block aims to obtain the amount of income and transfer payment (not as a reward) during the past 12 months in cash or in goods.

Question 5, Income Column a) Receive sent money is the amount of money received from another party in-kind, usually the money is sent regularly or not b) Receive inheritance is the amount of money or goods received by the heir based on the distribution of the wealth owned by the person that passed away. c) Receive charity, gift, donation and subsidy is the amount of money or goods received as charity, gift, donation or subsidy. Example: birthday present, contest prize, wedding present, funeral charity, receive charity.

Question 5, Expenditures Column a) Sending money is money sent to another party such as sending money for parents, children, relatives that are not household members and other parties b) Give charity, gift, donation and subsidy is money or goods given to another party in-kind. Example: birthday present, wedding present, charity for natural disaster victims, donation to social bodies.

Question 6: Expenditures and other Income during the past 12 months

Question 6a, Expenditure Column consists of: 1. Purchase of stock/bonds is the money spent for purchasing stock/ bonds such as share or debenture. 2. Purchase unmovable commodities is the amount of money spent for purchasing unmovable commodities such as a house, building, land, etc including the expenditures for major reparation/land preparation.

Question 6a, Income Column consists of: 1. Selling stock/bonds/gold/diamonds is the income received by selling stock/ bonds/ gold/precious stones. Stocks such as share and debenture. 2. Selling unmovable commodities such as a house, building and land 3. Selling second hand commodities that are not used anymore and is values based during transactions. Included selling goods originated from purchasing or gifted that have not been used yet.

Question 6b, Expenditure Column consists of: 1. Paying for insurance premium is the amount of money for paying insurance premium. 2. Saving is the amount of money used for saving money at the Bank, Post Office, Cooperative or similar places. 3. Give Loan/paying loan/down payment/interest is the amount of money used for a loan or to pay a loan, including down payments of goods bought by credit and paying interest. 84

4. Reimburse mortgage is the amount of money paid for to reimburse a mortgage from the State Mortgage Office or from another party. 5. Paying for arisan (regular social gathering whose members contribute to and take turns winning a sum of money) is the amount of money paid for an arisan. 6. Others are others besides number 1 till 5.

Question 6b, Income Column consists of: 1. Collect savings are taking out savings that are in the Bank, Post Office, Cooperative, at home, etc. 2. Insurance claim is the amount of money/commodities received from insurance besides life insurance such as accident, fire and health. 3. Loan/receive payment back is the amount of money received by the person who loaned/receive back money from another party. 4. Mortgaging Commodities is the amount of money received from mortgaging commodities at the State Mortgage Company or to another party. 5. Receives arisan (regular social gathering whose members contribute to and take turns winning a sum of money) is the amount of money received from an arisan. If the arisan is a commodity then the value of the commodity is included in the consumption of the commodity (Block III.2) 6. Others that are not mentioned in Question 1 till 5.

Example: 1. Household A follows a arisan that lasts for 12 months which starts in August 3rd, 1995 and ends in July 1996. Each month A has to pay Rp10,000 for the arisan. In November 3rd 1995 household A received arisan of Rp. 120,000. The enumeration was conducted on January 7th, 1996.

Filling in Block IV Question 6b Expenditure Column (paying for arisan) for 6 months x Rp.10,000 = Rp.60,000 and in Income Column Rp.120,000

2. Household B follows arisan that lasts for 10 months which starts in November 2nd, 1995. Each month B has to pay Rp10,000 for the arisan. In December 1995 household B received arisan of Rp100,000. Household B has paid the arisan contribution on January 2nd, 1996. Enumeration was conducted on January 15th, 1996.

Filling in Block IV Question 6b Income Column = Rp.100,000. Expenditure Column (paying for arisan) = Rp.30,000 (3 months).

3. Household C follows arisan that lasts for 10 months which starts in October 4th, 1995. Each month C has to pay Rp15,000 for the arisan. Until the enumeration was conducted (January 8th, 1996) household C has not received the arisan.

Filling in Block IV Question 6b Expenditure Column is Rp.60,000 (4months x Rp.15,000).

4. Household D follows a arisan that receives a Rice Cooker that costs Rp.150,000 with the monthly contribution Rp.15,000. Until the enumeration (January 12th, 1996) household D has paid 4 times and has received the Rice Cooker and used it 2 months ago.

Filling in VSEN96.M list is as follows:

Consumption expenditures: Rice Cooker Consumption (Block III.2 Question 317) Column 3 = empty. Column 4 = Rp.150,000

Non-Consumption Income and Expenditures Block IV Question 6b Income Column = Rp.150,000 (received arisan). Other expenditures (Block IV Question 6b Expenditure Column) = Rp.60,000 (obtained from 4 x Rp.15,000). 85

Question 7: Household Income/Received during the Past 12 Months

The contents are the total income/received from Question 1 till 6 subtracted from Income column in Question 5 and 6.

Question 8: Average Monthly Household Income/Received

The contents are the total income/received in Question 7 divided by 12.

G. Block V: Frequency of eating rice and the total of clothes owned by household members

This block aims to obtain the frequency of eating and the number of clothes owned by household members and worn for everyday use.

Column 1 and 2: The serial number and names of household members The contents are taken from Column 1 and 2 Block IV VSEN96.K lists. If the number of household members are more than 10 people, fill in the names and the frequencies of eating rice and the number of clothes in the lower part of Block V by putting them in order starting from household member number 11, 12, etc. If the space for writing is not available use the pages on Note Block (Block VII).

Column 3 and 4: Frequency of having Meals (rice and side dishes) The question on the frequency of having meals is to obtain a visualization on the habits of the people of Indonesia on having meals with rice or equivalent to rice, that is prepared by the household or in the form of ready-made food. The frequency of having meals is how many times did they have rice (equivalent to rice) and side dishes during the past week. Ready-made food that is purchased or obtained from another party that is eaten inside or outside the house is considered as ready-made food (Column 4). Food that is obtained from another party such as from a ceremonies, at the working place (office, factory, rice field, etc), treated by a friend or received a besek (a one dish meal consists of rice and side dishes placed inside a box). Note: 1. Meals equivalent to rice is food where the main substance are also rice such as lontong (steamed rice rolled and wrapped in banana leaves), ketupat (boiled rice cake wrapped in coconut leaves shaped in a diamond), rice porridge and steamed rice. 2. Other food where the main substance is rice produced by a factory such as vermicelli and others that are not mentioned in this block. 3. Snacks made out of rice such as lemper (steamed sticky rice rolled in banana leaves filled with shredded meat), lontong isi/arem-arem (steamed rice rolled in banana leaves filled with minced meat and vegetables). Also bacang (steamed rice wrapped in banana leaves in a triangle shape filled with minced meat) and others that are not covered in this block.

Column 5, 6 and 7: Number of clothes This question aims to obtain information on the level of clothes owning of the people of Indonesia. Clothes are the clothes worn on the outside that is not torn or has patches and suitable for everyday use such as worn to a meeting, for work, to the market or to a arisan (regular social meeting). If a person usually wears a sarong for daily activities then the sarong is considered as clothing. To ease the calculation of clothes it is classified into tops (shirts/blouses) bottoms (pants/skirts) and dresses. If a person wears a dress then fill in the number of dresses owned into Column 7.

Clothes classified as Tops are shirts, blouses, cardigan, tee shirts, traditional blouse (kebaya), blazer, jacket and uniform shirt. Clothes classified as Bottoms are pants, skirts, long cloth, trousers, shorts and uniform trousers. Clothes classified as dresses such as a gown and long dress. Note: The number of clothes owned by a person is filled into one provided box. Therefore if the respondent has 8 pieces or more then write the figure 8 into the box. Example: Mr. Anwar is a civil servant that lives together with his wife (Rodiah) 2 children (Kiki and Koko) also a maid (Inah). Every morning Anwar has bread and milk for breakfast, for lunch he buys rice and side dishes at the office and for dinner and on holidays he eats rice and side dishes prepared by 86 his wife. The clothes that Mr. Anwar owns are 5 shirts, 1 blazer, 3 tee shirts, 1 civil servant uniform shirt, 3 pair of trousers, 2 shorts and 1 piece of sarong. Rodiah, Koko and Inah always eat the cooked meal 3 times a day but Kiki only eats twice a day. Four days ago Rodiah bought 3 dishes of ketoprak (ketupat mixed with vermicelli, bean sprouts and peanut sauce) for herself, Koko and Inah. Two days ago Inah bought a bowl of chicken rice porridge for Koko. Kiki always buys meatball soup (bakso) or meat and noodles soup (soto mie) at school. Rodiah owns 2 pieces of kebaya (traditional blouse), 2 housecoats, 4 pieces of blouses 2 pieces of long cloths and 3 skirts. Kiki has 4 blouses, 4 uniform shirts, 2 tee shirts, 3 uniform skirts, 2 skirts and 1 dress. Koko owns 2 shirts, 5 tee shirts, 3 shorts and a pair of trousers. Inah owns 2 dresses, 3 blouses 1 housecoat and 1 skirt.

Based on the example above Block V is filled in as follows:

Mr. Anwar: a. Frequency of having meals (rice and side dishes/equivalent): - Breakfast is not counted because Mr Anwar does not have rice or the equivalent - Lunch at the office is counted as 5 times during the past week and is recorded as ready-made food. The rice cooked at home is eaten twice during the past week (Saturday and Sunday). - Dinner at home is counted as 7 times for food prepared by the household, during the past week. The contents in Column 3 and 4 for Mr. Anwar are 09 and 05. b. The number of clothes owned: Tops: Bottoms: - Shirts: 5 pieces - Trousers: 3 pairs - Blazer: 1 piece - Shorts: 2 pairs - Tee-shirts: 3 pieces ------Civil servant shirt: 1 piece Total 5 pairs ------Total : 10 pieces

Sarong is not included unless Mr. Anwar usually wears it for daily activities. The boxes in Column 5, 6 and 7 are filled in with 8, 5 and 0. The procedures on filling in for Rodiah, Kiki and Koko and Inah are similar to Mr. Anwar. 87

ATTACHMENTS 88

ATTACHMENT 5

PROCEDURES ON FILLING THE TABLES OF AGE CONVERSION

1. Calculation on Age of Respondent from Date of Birth

In Susenas 1996, the age of respondent is written in years (based on the Roman Calendar) and rounded down or “year based on the last birthday”. Example: if the respondent’s age is 7 years 10 months, it is written as 7 years, if less than one year it is written 0 year. If the respondent knows exactly the year of birth in the Roman Calendar, to ease the officer on the respondent’s age calculation a “List to help determining the age of respondent” is included in List I of this book.

List I consists of 3 columns :

- First the column of age in years - Second the birth date on January 1st until the date of enumeration - Third the birth date one day after the date of enumeration till December 31st

In each line of those list, is written the age of respondent in Column 1 who is born on the year filled in Column 2 or Column 3.

Example on the Usage of List I

Kambali lives with his wife Supartini and their daughter Lidya. Kambali knows exactly his age is 37 years old because he recently had his birthday, his wife was born on August 17th 1962, Lidya was born January 5th 1985. The official visited their house on January 8th 1996.

The usage of the list may help to elaborate this following diagram:

Jan 8th 1996 (date of visit): :

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug I Sep Oct Nov Dec I I Lidya born Supartini born (Jan 5th 1985) (August 17 1962)

Mrs. Supartini who was born on August 17th 1962, the point of birthday on the diagram is located on the right side of the visit line. So in order to determine her age Column 3 is effective. In the line of 1962 in Column 1 is written the number 33 that is the age of Supartini. Kambali who was born on January 5th, 1985 his point of birthday is located on the left side of the visit line, so Column 2 is effective. When examined the line of 1985, Column 1 is written the number 11 Lidya’s age is 11 years old.

This table covers the date of birth until the age of 101 years for those who were born starting in the year of 1894. But since there are only 2 boxes provided, those who are aged more than 98 has to be written 97 years only. 89

2. Age of Respondent whose Date of Birth is Written in the Islamic and Local Calendar

Respondents whose date of birth is written in the local calendar (Java, Sundanese) and Islamic calendar, two more lists as a guide to convert it to the Roman Calendar are as follows:

1. List I : ‘Islamic Calendar Converted to Roman Calendar without date, 1930-1981’ and 2. List II : ‘Islamic Calendar Converted to Roman Calendar with date, 1982-1995”

These tables are in order and also has the same usage but is used in a different time frame.

(1) if the respondent was born before the year 1402H (1348H till 1401H), List II is used, and (2) if the respondent was born in the year 1402H or after that year (1402H till 1418H), List II is used.

The Islamic calendar and the Local (only Java and Sundanese) are the same, except the names of the months, such in this following table :

Name of Month in the Islamic Calendar and the Alias in the Local Calendar

Month Islamic Javanese Sundanese (1) (2) (3) (4)

1. Muharram Suro Sura 2. Syafar Sapar Sapar 3. Rabiul awal Mulud Mulud 4. Rabiul akhir Bakdamulud Silihmulud 5. Jumadil awal Jumadilawal Jumadilawal 6. Jumadil akhir Jumadilakhir Jumadilakhir 7. Rajab Rajab Rajab 8. Sya’ban Ruwah Rewah 9. Ramadhan Pasa Puasa 10. Syawal Sawal Sawal 11. Zulkaidah Selo Hapit 12. Zulhijah Besar Rayagung

Each page of List II, the Islamic Calendar Conversion to Roman Calendar without date consists of 4 columns, Column 1 together with Column 2 and Column 3 together with Column 4; Column 1 and 2 consists of the Roman year and Column 3 and 4 contains the equivalent Islamic year. The reach of List II is from January 1930 (Roman) or Sya’ban 1348 (Hijriah) till December 1981 (Roman) or Rabiul Awal (1402H). If the month and year of the respondent’s birth in the Islamic year is known, by observing the List II the month and yeaar of the Roman calendar is also known.

The List III consists of 6 columns which is 1). Roman month, 2) Roman date and month which is in the same line of the Islamic month 3) name of Islamic month in Javanese 4) name of Islamic month in Sundanese 5) Islamic name of month 6) Islamic year. The days of the Roman calendar which is in the Islamic month are in the list, so each date in the Islamic calendar can be found in the Roman calendar, and vice versa, with the guide of List III. The Javanese and Sundanese calendar system is exactly the same as the Islamic, only several name of months are different so to convert the date of the Islamic calendar to the Local calendar just check the names. 90

Example on the age calculation from the Islamic and Local Calendar

Mudjiono, his wife and three children are respondents for the Susenas 1996. Mudjiono was born on the month of Syafal the year of 1376H, his wife was born on Syawal 1384H. His first child was born on Bakdamulud 27th, 1417H, second child Ruwah 8th, 1410H and his last child September 12th, 1992. The household of Mudjiono was enumerated on Januari 7th, 1996. To determine the age of Mudjiono’s household members, all three lists of the age conversion is needed.

To calculate the age of the respondents, the head of the household (Mudjiono) who was born on the month of Syafal 1376H, firstly the Islamic year is converted into the Roman year with the guide of List II. The month of Syafal 1376H is exactly the month of May 1957; with the guide from List II (Guide List), in the line where Column 3 shows the year of 1957, Column I is 38, so Mudjiono is 38 years old.

The wife was born on Syawal 1384H. The List II shows that the month is February 1965; from List I in the line where Column 3 is written 1965 and Column I is 30, so the wife is 30 years old.

The first child was born on Bakdamulud 27th the year 1417H, meaningly that after 1402H List III is needed. The year 1407H includes 2 Roman years which is 1986 and 1987. The month Bakdamulud 1407H which is in the year 1986 is the date of 3rd–31st month of December, which means that December 3rd is the 1st of Bakdamulud 1407H. So, the date of Bakdamulud 27th is December 29th 1986 which means the date before enumeration; and uses List I which shows that 1986 in Column 3 has a number 9 from Column 1. The calculation is Mudjiono’s first child is 9 years old.

Mudjiono’s second child was born on Ruwah 8th, 1410H which is the year in between 1989-1990. The month Ruwah 1410H is February 27th-28th and November 1st-27th 1990. The date February 27th, 1990 is Ruwah 1st, 1410H so the date of Ruwah 8th is on March 6th 1990 that means after the date of enumeration. Using List I, in the line of column 3 the year is 1990, Column 1 is 5; so Mudjiono’s second child is 5 years old.

The age of the third child can be found by using the List I only. The date of September 12th, 1992 is located in column 3, which is the same line with number 3 in column 1 so the age of Mudjiono’s last child is 3 year old. 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114