GLOSSAIRE DE LA SCIENCE DES SOLS Anglais - Frangais Franiais - Anglais

Compild par

CARL E. FERGUSON Ph. D. Conseiller en Pddologie de I'A.I.D.

Publidt par REGIONAL TECHNICAL AIDS CENTER American Embassy - Paris-France qui relive du DEPARTMENT OF STATE Agency for International Development Washington D.C.

-- m . ILo INTRODUCTION

TM.7,JE DES MATIERES L'auteur a pr~par6 le present glossaire durant une p6riode de deux ans, au cours de laquelle il a servi en qualit de conseiller p~dologue de i'Agency for International Development (AID) L Rabat, Maroc. INTRODUCTION ...... 3 L'auteurLe glossaire, bien qu'assez iiche, n'est pas exhaustif. s'est efforc6 de choisir le ou les termes GLOSSAIRE ANGLAIS-FRANAIS ...... 5 6quivalents les plus couramment empl.cy~s et acceptes GLOSSAIRE FRANAIS-ANCLAIS ...... 81 par ies p~dologues et les sp~cialistes de la science du sol. Certains termes 61mentaires y ont 6t6 incorpor6s LISTE DE 200 VERBES ANGLAIS FRAQUEMMENT A l'iniention des 6tudiants peu vers6s dans l'une des EMPLOYtS EN P&DOLOGIE ...... 157 deux Jangues. LISTE DE 200 Vf.PBES FRAN9AIS FROQUEMMENT L'auteur tient A remercier les personnalit6s ci-apr~s EMPLOYfS EN P DOLOGM ...... 165 des suggestions et observations formuler au cours de qu'elles ont bien voulu BIBLIOGRAPHIE ]a preparation du glossaire : ...... 173 M. Georges Bryssine, Chef de Ia Station d'eclogie, Service des recherches agronomiques, Ministare de 'Agriculture; M. J. Wilber , p~dologue et M. Claude Michel, agronome du mame service ; et M. Paul Avril, Conseiller p~dologue de la FAO au Maroc. L'auteur exprime 6galement sa gratitude au Service de traduction de !a Mission de I'AID ARabat, qui a bien voulu reviser le manuscrit et formiler des suggestions utiles concer­ nant la disposition du xat~riel. Le present glossaire s'est rv6l ext;8mement utile pour la formation de stagiaires apprenant simultan~nent 'anglais et le vocabulaire de base de 1agronomie et de la p~lologie. II pourrait tre utile A des stagiaires de langue anglaise qui d6sirent se perfectionner ou se constituer un vocabulaire franoais des termes employ6s en p6dologie. Pour les traducteurs et interpr6tes d'ou­ vrages ou de communications orales d'ordre technique relatifs i ce domaine sp~cialis6, ce glossaire constituera un instrument de travail pr6cieux. Les abr6viations (f) pour f6minin et (m) pour masculin, suivant immdiatement les noms frangais, indiquent leur genre. La forme f6minine des adjectifs, lorsqu'ele diffare de la mpsculine, est indiqu6e soit en ANGLAIS - FRAN toutes lettres, soit par la terminaison figurant entre parentheses A la fin de 'adjectif. L'auteur prie les lecteurs de lui signaler les errurs qu'ils pourraient relever et de sugg6rer d'autres termes qu'ils estiment devoir figurer dans le pr6sent glossaire.

CARL E. FERGUSON Department of State Agency jor InternationalDevelopment Washington D.C., USA A

ENGUSH FRENCH abnormal profle profil (m) anormal abrade (to...) user par frottement abrasion (eolien, fluvial, abrasion (i) (... olienne, flu­ glacial, marine) viale, ...glaciaire, ...ima­ rine) absorb (to...) absorber absorbing complex complexe (m) absorbant absorption absorption (f) absorption of water humectation (f) AC soil sol (m) AC accumulation amas (m) accelerated erosion Srosion (f) acc~l6r~e acetic acid acide (m) ac~tique acid acide (in) acid humus humus (m) acide acid peat tourbe (f) acide acid rock roche (f) acide acid soil sol (in) acide acid test essai (m) aux acides acidification acidification (f) artificielle acidity (to...) acidifier acidity acidit6 (f) acidold acidoide (in) acreage superficie (f) en acres

7 actinomyces actinomycate (m) slme alcalin (e) active acidity acidit6 (f) active alkaline peat adhesion tourbe (f) alcaline adherence (f) allndine soil sol (m) basique adhesive adh6sif (ive), adhirent (e) I allaline-earth alcalino-terreux adobe soil terre (f) A brique (approx.) alkallnlty alcaiinii6 (f) adSorb (to...) adsorber alkalization alcalinisatien (f) adsorption adsorption (f) allIze (to...) alcaliniser adsorption complex complex (W) adsorbant allitic allitique aeraie (to...) aerer allochtonal aerated allochtone air6 (e) alluvial alluvial (e) aeration a6ration (f) alluvial aerial photograph clay argile (f) alluvi:le photo (f) a~rienne alluvial deposit d~p6t (m) alluvial aerobic a6robie alluvial fan c6nc agate (m) te d6jection agate (f) alluvial soil sol (m) alluvial age fige (m). temps (m) alluvial aggradation terrace terrasse (f) alluviale colmatage (m), remplissage alluvium alluvion (f) par d6position aggregate agr~gat (m) alpine meadow soil sol (m) d'humus alpin, sol aggreglae (to...) agrger (m) de prairie alpine aggregated agr6g6 (e) altered alt6r6 (e), transform6 (e) agricultural agricole altitude altitude (f) agriculture agriculture ( altitude map agrology carte (f) hypsomtrique agrologie (1) aluminous laterite lat~rite (f) alumineuse agronomist agronome (m) aluminlum aluminium agronomy (m) agronomie (f) amendment amendement (m) air capacity capacit6 (f) en air ammonia air-dry ammoniaque (f) s~ch6 (e) A l'air ammonia fixation fixation () d'ammon*aque alabaster albitre (m) ammonification albite ammonisation (f) albite (f) ammonium ion ion (m) ammoniaque algae ague (f) ammonium sulfate alldade sulfate (m) d'ammoniaque alidade (f) ammonium nitrate nitrate (m) alkali d'anunoniaque alcali (m) ammonium phosphate phosphate (m) d'ammoniaque alkali soil sol (m) A alcali (avec Na amorphous amorphe 6changeable) alkalimetry amorphous rock roche (f) amorphe alkalim6trie ( amphibole amphibole (f) amphoterle amphotre 1 Endings of the feminine forms of adjectives, if different anaerobic anarobie from the masculine, are given. anatase anatase (f

8 9 anaumite anauxite (f) Mutatophlc autotrophe andesine andtsine (f) available (..nutrlent) assimilable andesite and6site (f) available nutrient 61ment (m) nutritif assi­ angular blocky structure structure (f) poly&drique an- milable gulaire available water eau (f) disponible, eau (f) anion anion (m) azonal utile annual rainfall pr6cipitations (f) annuclles azonal (e) anorthite anorthite (f) Szoal "a 801 (m) azonal anthropic soil sol (m) anthropique auolbac azotobacter (m) antibiotic antibiotique Ap horizon couche (f) labour~e apatite apatite (f) apparent density densit6 (f) apparente aquifer couche g~ologique aquif~re arable arable, labourable aragonite aragonite (f) area superficie (f), aire (f) arenaceous arinac6 (e) arenaceous shale ar~ne (f) schisteuse, schiste (m) friable argillaceous argileux (euse) arid climate climat (m) aride arid zone region (f) aride aridity aridit6 (f) arkose arkose artesian well puits (m) artisien arthropod arthropode (m) artificial manure fumier (m) artificiel ash (wood...) cendre (f) de bois ashy cendreux (euse) association (soil...) association (f) [... de sols] attapulgite attapulgite (f) auger (sol ...) tari~re (f), sonde (f) p~do­ logique auger boring forage A la tari~re angite augite (f) autochtona autochtone

10 11 bench terrace banquette (f) bentonite bentonite (f) bicarbonate bicarbonate (m) biological biologique biological Interchange transformations (f) biologi­ ques 113 biological mineralization biology biolugiemin~ralisation (f) (f) biologique biotite biotite (f) biosequence bios6quence bick noir (e) black alkali alcali (m) noir bacteria bact~rie (f) Black Earth Terre (f) Noire badlands mauvaises terres (f) black spot tache (f) noire bank (stream...) rive (f) blackish noiritre barrage barrage (m) bleach (to...) blanchir, d~colorer basalt basalte (m) bleached d6color6 (e), blanchi (e) base map carte (f) de base bleached sand sable (m) lessiv6 <3 base saturation saturation (f) en bases blocky structure structure (f) poly~drique basic basique bluff escarpement (m) basic rock roche (f) basique bog marcage (m) basic slag scories (f) de d6phospho- bog iron ore minerai (m) de fer des ration marais basicity basicite (f) bog lime calcaire (m) des tourbiires basin bassin (m), cuvette (f) bog soil sol (in) tourbeux bauxite bauxite (f) bone meal farine (f) d'os, engrais (m) bay baie (f) d'os BC soil sol (m) il profil BC borax soude (f) borat~e beach plage (f) bore (to... sonder, forer bedrock roche (f) profonde, roche boring sondage (n), (f)boron bore (m) forage (m) bearing capacity capacit6 (f) portante borrow pit fouille ( d'emprunt bed (stream...) lit (m) bottomland plaine (f) inondable bedded deposits gisements (m) en couche, boulder gros bloc (m) gites (m) stratifies boulder clay argile de moraine Ablocs beidellite beidellite (f) boundary limite (f) bench mark rep~re (m), pointe (m) fixe brackish saumitre

12 13 brackish water eau (f) saumtre braided stream deposit d~p6t (m) de courants flu­ viaux entrelac~s breccia br~che (f) brittle cassant (e) broad base terrace terrasse (f) Mangum, ter­ rasse (f) A large base brown brun (e) brownish brunitre Brown Forest Soil Sol (m) Brun Forestier Brr wn Podzollc Soil Sol (in) Brun Podzolique Brown (steppe) Soil Sol (m) Brun Cubaride brucite brucite (f) brush land brousse (f) Cake (to...) Former une crofite buffer (to...) tamponner buffer capacity pouvoir (n) tampon cacareous buffer compounds (soil...) 16ments calcaire, calcaireux (calcai­ du sol A pouvoir calcareous clay argile (f) calcique buffer.srip tampon -- bande-tamponl'oio]calcareous (f) [resistant calcareous earthhard pan a l'osion] terrecarapace (f) calcaire(f) calcaire careous sandstone gras (m) calcaire buffering tamponnement (in) calcareous soil sol (in) calcaire bulk density densit6 (f) apparente calcareous tuff tuf () calcaire buried soil sol (m) interr6 calcao tuff tu burned lime chaux (f) vive calcficabon burrowing animal calcique (f) calcimorphic soil sol (in) calcimorphe bush buisSon (in) calcite calcite (f) butte butte (f) ALsommet plat calcium calcium (in) calcium ammonium nitrate ammonitrate (m) calcium chloride chlorure (m) de calcium calcium cyanamide cyanamide (f) calcique calcium hydroxide chaux (f) 6teinte calcium nitrate nitrate (m) de chaux calcium oxhie chaux () vive caliche crofte (f) calcaire canal canal (m) canyon cafion (in), gorge (f) pro­ fonde 14 15 capillary capillaire ch~aie d compound compos6 (m) ch~lateur capillarity capillarit6 (f) chemical chimique capillary porosity porosit6 (f) capillaire chemical (noun) produit (m) chimique capillary potential potentiel (m) capillaire chemical analysis analyse (f) chimique capillary rise ascension (f) capillaire, mon- chemical change alteration (f) chimique t~e (f) capillaire chemical composition composition (f) chimique capillary water eau (f) capilaire chemical compound compos6 Mf)chimique carbon cycle cycle (m) du carbone chemistry chimie (f) carbon dioxide gaz (m) carbonique Chernozem Chernozem carbon-nitrogen ratio rapport (m) carbone-azote chert chaille (f), chert (m) ALsilex, A chaille carbonaceous carbon6 (e) cherty Soil Sol (m) Chitain carbonatecarbonated carbon6carbonate (e) (m) ChileanChestnut nitrate nitrate (m) du Chili

carbonic acid acide (m) carbonique chloride chlorure (m) carboniferous carbonif~re, chlorine chlore (m) cartographer cartographe (m) chlorite chlorite (m) cartographic cartographique chlorosls chlorose (f) cartography cartographie (f) chroma couleur (f) fondamentale catchment area aire (f) de captage, bassin chronosequence chronos~quence (in) versant (m) cinder cendre () scorie catena chaine (f) de sols, catena cirs g ing atgoiculture(f) cation cation (m) class cat6gorie (f) 6change (in) des cations classificaton classification C cation exchange e~ane ~,classify (to...) classifier cation-exchange capacity capacit6 (f) d'6cbange des clastic clastique cations cation saturation (degree degr6 (m) de saturation en clay (<.002 mm diameter) argie f) [.02 mm dia­ oZ.) cations du sot m~tre] cellulose cellulose CO clay (colloidal ...) argile CO colloidale cement (to...) c6menter day complex complexe (m) argileux cementation cimentation () clay (fire ...) argile CO A potier cemented ciment6 (e) day fraction fraction (f) argileuse chalcedony calc~doine (f) day-humus complex compIexe (m) argilo-hum-r; chalk craie (f) que chalky crayeux (crayeuse) day mineral min6ral (in) des argiles chalky soil sot (m) crayeux clay loam limon (m) argileux chapael (river...) chenal (m) d'une rivi~re clay pan horizon (m) argileux corn­ check dam barrage-frein (m) pact, clay pan

16 17 clay pit argili~re (f), glaisire (0 COMM colloYdal (e) dlayclay skinsoil solenduit (in) (m)argileux argileux colloidal complex complexe (m) cr1!oidal dayey argileux (argileuse) coiluvial colluvial (e) clayey solsters (argileuses colluvial deposit d~p6t (m) des bas de pentes clayy soils terres () argileuses colluvium colluvion (f) cleared land terre (f) d6frich~e columnar colonnaire clearing of stones 6pierrement (m) columnar structure structure (W)colonnaire) cliff falaise (f) compact (to... tasser climate climat (m) climosequence climos6quence compaction compactage (m), tassement climatic climatique (m), comps Aion (f) climatic index indice (m) climatique compactness compacit6 (f) climax climacique compass boussole (f) climax vegetation v6g6tation (f) climacique complex (soil...) complexe (m) de sols clinosequence clinos~quence compost compost (P) clod motte (f) compression compression (f) cloddy motteux (motteuse) concretion concr6tion (f) clostridium clostridium (m) conductivity (electricaL..) conductivit6 (f) 6lectrique close-growing crop culture (f) en semis conductivity (hydraull...1 conductivit6 (f) hydraulique coagulate (to...) coaguler congelation" conglation (f) coarse grossier (e) conglomerate conglom6rat (m) coarse grained A grains grossiers conservation conservation () coarse gravel gravier (m) grossier conservation of water ccnservation (f) de l'efu co.se sand (1.0 - 0.5 mm sable (m) grossier (2,0 - consistence consistance (f) diameter 0,2 mm diarntre) consolidated consolid6 (e) coarse texture texture (f) grossi~re consolidated rock roche consolid6e coarse sandy sablonneux (sablonneuse) constricted horizon horizonCM (m) d'6 tranglement coast cste (f) content teneur (f) coast-line ligne ( de c6te continental sheif plate-forme ( continentale, coastal c6tier (e) seuil (m) continental coatings revteinents (m), enrobe- contour courbe CM ou trac6 (m) de ments (m) niveau cobble galet (m), caillou (m) contour interval 6quidistance (m) des lignes coherent coh6rent (e) de niveau cohesion coh6sion (M contour map carte (f) en courbes de cohesive soil sol (m) coherent niveau colloid colloide (m) contrast contraste (m)

18 19 controlled flooding irrigation (f) par eau de crue cuioldal cuboide dirig6e cultivate (to) Cultiver, exploiter copper cuivre (in) cU Ivated cultiv6 (e) coppice mound butte (M [sous un buisson cultivated or tilled crop culture M) sarcl~e en touffe] cultivated land terre (f) cultiv~e coral limestone calcaire (m) corallien cultivated plant plante (f) cultiv6e coral reef r~cif (m) corallien cultivation sarclage (m), culture (), core carotte (f) de sondage travail (m) du sol core sample 6chantillon (m) carott6 tranch6e (M, excavation (f) corrosion corrosion (f) cyanamide chaux (f) azot6e, cynamide corrugation method of Irri- m6thode (f) d'irrigation par (f) calcique gation infiltration cover crop culture (f) de couverture, plante (f) de couverture cover sand sable (in) de couverture crack (to...) fissurer, fendre, crevasser crack fente (f), fissure (f) cracking fissuration (f) cradle knoll accident de terrain cons6cu­ tif au dracinement d'un arbre creep fluer, fluage (m) cretaceous cr6tac6 (m) crop rotation assolement (m), rotation (f) cropland terres (f) labourables cropping system' syst~me des cultures crops cultures (f) cross-section section (f) transversale, cou­ pe (f) croute calcaire crofte (f) calcaire crumb structure structurt (f) granuleuse crumble (to...) effriter crumbling effritement (m) crust crofite (0 crystal cristal (m) crystalline cristallin (e) crystalline rock rozhe (0 cristalline

20 21 dezolmeter densimtre (m) density densit6 (f) deplete (to...) (a soil by mis- 6puiser management) depletion of bases entrainement (m) [perte] des bases deposit d6pt (m), gisement (m) deposit (to.. d6poser deposited d6pos6 (e) depression d6pression (f) depth of soil profondeur (f) du sol dam barrage (m), r6servoir (m) desalinization d~salinisation (f) damp humect6, hunide descriptive legend l6gende (f) descriptive dark fonc6 (e) desert desert (in) dark-coloured (de) couleur (f) foncee desert crust crofite (f) du desert darkening noircissement (m) desert pavement paves (m) du desert dealkalization d6alcalinisation (f) desert soil sol (m) de d6sert debris debris m) desert varnish vernis (m) du d6sert decalcification d6calcification () dessiccation d6ssiccation (f) decalcify (to...) d6calcifier detailed d6taill6 (e) decompose (to...) d6composer detailed soil survey prospection (f) systematique decomposition decomposition (f) determine quantitatively doser deficiency d6ficience (f), carence (f) (to...) (chemical) deflocculate (to...) d6floculer detrital fan c6ne (m) de dejection deflocculation defloculation CO detritus d6tritus (m), 6boulis (m) deforestation deboisement (m) diabase diabase (f) degradation d6gradation (f) diagnosis diagnose degraded degrad6 (e) diatoms diatomees (f) degraded Chernozem Chernozem d6grad6 diatomaceous earth terre (f) A diatomes degree of compaction degr6 (m) de compactage differential thermal analysis analyse ( thermique diff6­ degree of dispersion degr6 (m) de dispersion rentielle degree of saturation degr6 (m) de saturation differentiated differenciS (e) delineate (to...) deshydrater dike digue (f dehydration d6shydratation (f) diluvial diluvien (enne) delineate (to...) tracer, dessiner diluvium diluvium (m) delta delta (m) diorite diorite (f) denitrification d6nitrification (f' dirty sale

22 23 discharge d6bit (m), icouiement (m) &M±wd sable (m) mouvant disintegrate (to...) d6sagr~ger, d6sintigrer dry sec, siche disintegration d~sint6gration (f) dry (to... s~cher disperse (to...) disperser dry farming culture (f) s~che, dry farming dispersed dispers6 (e) dry season saison (f) s~che dispersion dispersion (f) dry toundra toundra (f) s che dissected ravin6 (e) drying siccatif (siccative) dissected plain plaine (f) entaill~e drying oven 6tuve (f) distinct distinct (e), net (te) drying up ass~chement (m) distinctly distinctement, nettement dryness siccit6 (f) dlstrlbufton repartition (f) duff couverture (f) organique d-!ibance remaniement (m) dune dune (f) ditch foss6 (m) dune soll sol (m) dunaire divide (water...) ligne (f) de partage des eaux dust poussiare (f) dolerite dol6rite (f) dust mulch couche (f) poussi6reuse su­ dolomite dolomie (f), calcaire (m) perficielle magn6sien dust storm temp~te (f) de poussi~re dolomitic dolomitique dusty poussi6reux (euse) dolomitic limestone calcaire (m) magn~sien duty of water d6bit (m) double layer couche (f) double downstream aval (m) drain (to..) drainer drainage drainage (m), ass~chement (m), assainissement (m) drainage basin bassin (m) versant drainage canal canal (m) d'6coulement (ar­ tificiel) drainage ditch foss6 (m) de drainage drainage terrace foss6 (m) de colature, ter­ rasse de colature (f) drainage water eau (f) de drainage drainage way couloir (m) de drainage drained drain6 (e) drawdown affaissement (m) dried s6ch6 (e) drouth s6cheresse (f) drift (Wi'-'... d6p~t (m) glaciaire stratifI6

24 25 epidote 6pidote (f) equilibrium 6quilibre (m) equivalent dquivalent (m) erode (to...) roder, affouiller eroded drod6 (e) erodlonerodible soil 6rosionsol (m) susceptible(f) d erosion erosion cycle cycle (m) d'rosion erosion surface surface d' rosion escarpment escarpement (m) esker esker evaporate (to...) 6vaporer earth dam barrage (in) en terre evaporation 6vaporation (f) earth's crust 6corce () terrestre evapotranspiration 6vapo-transpiration earthworm (f) ver (in) de terre, lombric (m) evolution 6volution (f) eastern oriental (e) excavation excavation (f), fouille (f) ecology 6cologie (f) exchaugc acidity acidit6 (f) d'6change edaphology 6daphologie (f) exchange capacity edaphlo 6daphique exchangeable 6changeablecapacit6 (f) d'6change effective precipitation pluie () efficace exchangeable bases bases (f) 6changeables effervescence effervescence (f) exchangeable cation cation (m) 6changeable efflorescence efflorescence (f) exchangeable cation percen- pourcentage des cations elastic limit limite (f) lasque age (ECP) 6changeables electrode 6lectrode (f) exchangeable Ion ion (m) 6changeable electrophoresis M1ectrophor~se (L exchangeable phosphate phosphate (m) 6changeable elutriation d6cantation (f), 1utriation (f) exchangeable potassium potassium 6changeable eluvial horizon horizon (m) 6luvial exchangeable sodium sodium (m) 6changeable eluviation luviation (f) exchangeable sodium per. pourcentage du sodium embankment remblai ( m), terrassement centage 6changeable (m) exfollation exfoliation (f) encrust expand (to...) 6tendre, gonfler, dilater (to...) encrolter, s'encrofter expansion foisonnement (m), dilata­ enrich (to...) enrichir, fertiliser tion (f) enrichment enrichissement (m) exploration recherche environment (f), investigation milieu (m) (f), reconnaissance (f) eocene 6ocne (in) exposure exposition (f) eolian deposit d6p8t (n) 6olien external drainage drainage (m) superficiel

26 27 fertile soll sol (m) riche fertll!v fertilit6 (f) ferd&i. (to...) engraisser fertlizer engrais (in) fertilizer grade rapport (m) engrais fertilizer trial essai (in) d'engrais fertilizer requirement besoin fibrous peat tourbe (in)Wf fibreuseen engrais fibrous root racine (f) fascicul6e fi-ld champ field capacity capacit6champ (f) de r6tention au .abric constitution (f) field crop culture (f) de faecal pellet coprolithe (in) plein champ field Investigation recherche failt (f) sur place faible field sheet fallow jachre (f) lev6 (m) originel fin rcmblayage fallow land terre (f) en jachrement m), rebla(m), comble­(in) ffarmamiy (soil...) fermefamille (f)(f), deexploitation sols (f) flm fill soi terrepellieule (f) A(f) remblai agricole film water farm (to.. mettre en culture, cultiver eau M pelliculaire farm house maison (f) du fermier filter filtre (in) farm pond filter (to...) filtrer mare (f), rAeservoir (m) de fine la ferme fin (e) farming fine texture texture (f) culture (f) [sens g~n6ral] fine earth fine farmyard manure fumier terre (f) fine (m) fine grained soil fault faille (f sol (in) A grain fin fine sand (0.1 - 0,25 mm sable (m) feldsparfauna faune (f) fin (0,2 ­0,02 mm feldspath (m) firstdiameter) bottom diamtre) fen soil plaine M alluviale tourbi~re (f) basse fissure fence cl6ture (f) fissure (0, crevasse (f) fenced fissure (to...) fissurer, fendre, cl6tur6 (e) fixation crevasser r~trogradation (, fixation (f) ferric ironferrique friu a iggy plaques (f) ferrio n fer (in) ferrique rocheuses ferrous fiaggy laierlte lat~rite Mf scoriace ferreux (euse) flagstone ferruginousferrous Iron fer (Cm) ferreux dalle (f), plaque (t) rocheuse ferrugineux (euse) flaky lamelleux (euse) en forme d'caille 28 29 flat plat (e) how crack fente flint silex (m) (f) de froid flocculate (to...) floculer frov heaving d~chaussement (m), gonfle­ flocculated flocul6 (e) ment dCI au gel locculadlon frote splitting 36livation (f) floculation (f) frozen soil flood crue (f), inondation Sol (in) congel6 (0 fujler's earth argile (f) flood (to...) inonder smectique, terre (t) flood deposit d6p6t (m) d'inondation A foulon fulvic add acide (m) fulvique flood plain plaine () inondable, aire (f) fungi champignon (m) d'inondation furrow sillon (m) flood water eau () d'inondation, eau (f) de crue hooded inond6 (e) lora flore (f) foliage feuillage (m) follar diagnos s diagnose (f) foliaire food crops cultures (f) vivrijres foot slope bas (m) de pente forage growing culture (f) fourrag~re forest fort (f), bois (in) forest soil sol (m) sylvestre forested region region (f) foresti~re forestry sylviculture (f) forestier (re) fossil soil pal~osol (in), sol (m) fossile fraction (f) ripan fragipan fragment fragment (m) freezing zone zone (f) de gel fresh rock roche (f) fraiche inaltrie fresh water eau (f) douce fresh-wat2r mars?, marais (m) d'eau douce friability friabilit6 (f) friable friable filable rock roche (f) meuble, roche (f) friable frog. gel (m), gel~e (f)

30 31 glm electrode lectrode (f) en verre glauconitie glauconieux (euse) glauconite glauconie () glauconltic sand sable (m) glauconieux gleization gleyification gley (W Sol (m) gley soil sol (M) A gley gleyed gl~yifi6 (e) getitegneiss gneiss (m) gorge (to..) gcethite ( gabbro gorger gabbro (m) gradation galena galne (f) gradation (M,classement (m) graded terrace terrasse () en pente garnet grenat (m) gradient genesis g~n~se (f) gradient (i genetic clasfication grain farming clture ( - aiare classification g~n6tique (0 grain size genetic factor facteur (m) g~n6tique diam~tre des grains grain-size distribution granulom6trie (f) geography g~ographie (0 granite geologic erosion 6rosion (W gologique granite (m) grunltic graritiq graitniteux geology g6ologie () (euse) geomorphology granitold granitide g~omorphologie () granular germinate (to...) germer granulaire germination granular structure structure M grumeleuse germination (f) granulate (to...) gibbslte gibbsite (f) granuler gilgal granule granule (m) gilgai (form6 do d~mes et gasdand cuvettes) prairie () glacil deposit d6p6t (m) glaciaire gravel glacial erosion drosion (f) glaciaire (20 to 2 mm diame- gravier (m) [20 A 2 mm ter) diamntre] glacial outwash d6p6t des rivi~res glaciaires glacial period dravutrpi p6riode (f) glaciaire, 6po- gravel pit que () glaciaire carrire (f) de cailloux, car­ glacial scratching ri~re (f) de gravier marque (f) glaciaire gravelly glacial till graveleux (graveleuse) aliuvion (m) glaciaire, dili- gravelly soil vium (m), tilite sol (m) graveleux gravitational water eau glaciJ trough auge () glaciaire (f) de gravitation glacial valley gravity gravit6 vall6e (0 glaciaire gray glacier glacier (m) gris (e) Gray Brown Podzolic Soil Sol (m) Brun Lessiv6 32 33 Gray Ferruginous Soil Sol (m) Ferrugineux Tropi. cal Lessiv6 Gray Tropical Clay Argile (f) Grise Tropicale Gray Wooded Soil Sol (m) Gris Forestier grayish gris tre grazing paccage (m) H grazing land pfturage (m) great soil group grand groupe (M) de sols green vert (e) green manure engrais (m) vert greenish verdftre greensand sable (m) glauconieux greenstone schistes (m) verts grind (to...) moudre, brvyer hslloysite hoi)ysite (f) ground level niveau du sC! halomorplfc soil sol (m) sal6, sol (m) halo­ ground moraine moraine de fond morphe ground water nappe (0 phr~atique halophyto halophyte ground-water laterite lat6rite (f) de nappe hard ground-water podzol dur, ferme podzol (in) de nappe harden (to...) durcir grow (to...) croitre hardened growth croissance durci (f) hardness fermet6 (f), duret6 (f), growing season saison (0 de croissance hardening dur cissement (m) grub larve (f), ver (m) blanc Grunmosol hirdpan horizon (in) durci, sozle (in) sol (m) noir tropical, Gru- harrow herse mosol (m) guano harrow (to..) herser guano (m) harvest r6colte (f) gully ravin (m) gully erosion harvest (to..) r6colter, moissonner rosion (f) en ravin, ravi- harvested cropland terre gumbo nement (f) r6colt~e (m) hayfield champ (m) de foin gumbo head charge (f) gypsiferous soil sol (m) plitreux head of water gypsum charge (f) d'eau, pression (f) gypse (m), plitre (m), pierre d'eau (f) A plttre heat chaleur (f) gypsum crust crofite (f) gypseuse heat (to...) gyttia gyttja chauffer (m) heat of wetting chaleur (f) d'humectation heather soil terre (f) de bruy6re, lande (f) heavy mineral min6ral (in) lourd heavy -oil (obsolete) sol (m) lourd

34 35 heavy texture (obsolete) texture 0 lourde hydraton hydratation helical auger tariare (f) hydrochor add aci (f) (f) hematite h6matite (f) hydrochloric acid acide (m) chlorhydrique herbage piturage (m) hydrogen hydrogene (i) heterogenous h6tdrogine hydrogen i ion (m) hydrogne heterotropic h6t~rotrophe hydrologic cycle circulation (f) de l'eau h111 colline (f), c6te ( hydrolysis hydrolyse (f) hillock hydrolytic acidity acidit6 (f) hydrolytique hilly monticule (in) hydrolyze (to...) hydrolyser hole accident6 (e) hydrometer hydrom~tre (m), densim­ homogeneous trou (in) tre (m) honeycombed homog~ne hydrometer analysis densim6trie (f) structure en nid d'abeilles hydrometric hydrom6trique horizon horizon (m) A hydromorphle hydromorphe horizon horizon A (m) hydromorphic sollsol B horizon (in) hydromorphe horizon B (m) hydrophilic colloids collofdes C horizon horizon (m) hydrophiles C (m) hydrophobic colloids collodes (in) hydrophobes D horizon horizon D (m) hydrophyte F l.yer hydrophyte (f) horizon F (m) hydrous mica mica (m) hydrat6 G horizon horizon G (m) hygroscopic coefficient H layer coefficient (m) d'hygroscopi- horizon H (m) Cit hornblende hornblende (f) hygroscopic horticultural water eau (f) hygroscopique horticole hymatomelanic add acide horticulture horticulture (m) hymatom6lanique (f) hysteresis loop cycle (m) d'hyst~r~sic, cour­ hue nuance (), gamme (f) be (f) dlyst sie humk acid acide (m) huinique humic-gley soil sol (in) humnif~re A gley humic matter nati~re (f) humique humid huinide humidity humidit6 (f) humification humification (f) humin humine (f) humus humus (m) humus enriched horizon horizon (m) d'accumulation humique hydrate (to...) hydrater hydrated hydrat6 (2) hydra,d iron oxides oxyde3 (m) de fer hydrati

36 37 bfitlme (to...) infiltrer laflftration infiltration (f) Inorganic Son sol (m) inorganique Insect insecte (in) lter-cropping culture (f)intercalaire Internal drainage drainage (m) interne interpretive map carte (f) explicative interstital water eau (f) libre Intrazonal soil sol (m) intrazonal Inundation inondation (f) Ion ion (m) Iron fer (m) ice lense lentille (f) de glace Iron (free...) fer (m) libre Ice-wedge coin (m) de glace Iron-humus complex compIexe (m) humo-ferrique idle land terres ( en friche Iron ore minerai (W) de fer Iron oxide oxyde (m) de fer Igneous rock roche () ign6e, roche (0 iron pan alios-ferrugineux (m) 6ruptive Iron stone cuirasse (f) ferrugineuse Ignition loss perte (f) au feu Iron sulfate sulfate (m) de fer illte iluite (f) Irregular irr6gulier (irr~guliare) llite series groupe (m) de l'illite Irrigate (to...) arroser, irrguer illuvial horizon horizon (m) illuvial irrigation irrigation (f) luviatlon illuviation (f) Irrigation (basin...) irrigation (f) par bassins Immature soil sol peu 6volu6 Irrigation (basin check...) irrigation (f) par submer­ Immobilization immobilisation (f) sion contr6 be Impeded drainage drainage (m) difficile Irrigation (bench border...) irrigation (f) par calants Impermeable imperm6able Impermeable layer couche (f) impermeable ave banquettes Impermeable soil sol (m) imperm6able irrigation (border...) irrigation (f) par calants Impervious imperm6able rrigation (ccntour-check...) irrigation (f) par submersion inrpoverishment appauvrissement (m) contr 6e suivant courbes Impregnation impregnation (f) de niveau in place (in situ) en place Irrigation (contour-furrowe... irrigation (f) par ruisselle­ indicator plant plante (f) indicatrice ment indurate (to...) durcir, indurer Irrigation ditch foss6 (m) d'irrigation indurated durci (e), indur6 (e) Irrigation farming exploitation (f) irrigu~e induration durcissement (m) Irrigation (flood...) irrigation (f) par eau de crue industrial crop plante (f) industrielle diri.ge

38 39 Irrigaon (flush...) irrigation (f) par ruisselle. ment d'eau de crue Irrigation (furrow...) irrigation irrigation f) par silion (perennial...) irrigation (f) irrigation (sprinkler...) perenne irrigation (f) par aspersion Irrigation (sub-...) irrigation irriation (f) souterraine system syst~me (M) d'irrigation Irrigation water eau Irrometer (f) d'irrigation isomorphous replacement irrom tre m) remplacement (in) isomor­ phe

jasper jaspe (m) Jurassic jurassique (m)

40 41 K L

kame kame laboratory laboratoire (m) kaolin kaolin (m) lacustrine kaolin family groupe (m) de kaolin lagoon deposit laguned6p6t (m)(f) lacustre kaolinite kaolinite () lake lac m) kaollnlzatlon kaolinisation (f) lake-marl craie (f) lacustre kettle marmite (f), cavit6 (f) gla- lnd terrain cm), terre (f) ciaire land in farms terres (i, exploites ldehen midden d6chet (m) de cuisine land capability class capacit6 (f) agrologique, knoll monticule (m) classe (f) de capabilit6 krotovina crotovine land classification classement (i) des terres land clearing d6frichement (m) des terres land form forme (f) du terrain land levelling nivellement (m) des terrains land use utilisation (f) des sols land use suitability (i.du- vocation (f) des sols ding economic and rdal factors) landowner propritaire (m) foncier landscape paysage (m) landslide glissement (m) de terrain landslip 6boulement (m) late soll terre (f) tardive laterite lat6rite (f) laterite crust cuirasse (f) lat(J.tique, ca­ rapace (f) lat6ritique lateritic lat6ritique

42 43 laterizatlon latrisation (f) limestone Latosol sol (m) calcaire (m), pierre (f) A lat~ritique, Latosol chaux (M)alimestone crust crofite (f) calcaire lava lave (f) limestote (ground...) lava flow calcaire (m) broy6 coule (M volcanique chaulage (m) lawn gazon W, pelouse(f) imouite layer couche (f) limonite (f) layer-lattice structure structure (f) rtuclaire limy calcique feuil- limy sol sol (m) calcaire let6e liquid liquide (m) leached lessiver, dulaver liquid lmit limite leach less (f) de liquAdit6 e (e) liquid limit apparatus appareil leached of calcium A limite de liqui­ cabo- dcalcaris6 (e) dit6 lithologique ate aithologic lessivage (m) legend lithology lithologie (f) . legume 16gende (f) ithosol sol (m) squelettique l6gumineuse (f) lithosequence leucite leucite (f) lithos6quence levee ithosphire lithosphere (f) levee (f), digue de protec- litter tion leltter liti~re (f) (forest...) litiare level (f) foresti~re, liti~re level out (to...) nivelerniveau (M), plat (e) (f) du sol littoral deposits d~p6ts level terrace terrasse CM nivelee, terrasse (m) littoraux location lieu (m), localit6 (f) (f) horizontale loam levelling nivellement (m) terre (f) franche (n'a pas de leveling rod traduction prci.e) repare (m) de nivellement loamy sand lichen lichen (m) sable (m) limoLeux loess loess light-coloured (de) couleur (f) claire (m) loose d~li6 (e), qui n'est light soil (obsolete) sol (m) 16ger pas ferme, lignin meuble lignine (O loss lime chaux (O perte (f) lime (burned...) loss on Ignition perte (f) au feu chaux (f) vive lowland lime (to...) chauler plaine (f) basse low ground bas-fond lime concretion concretion (f) calcaire (m) low water basses eaux, 6tiage (m) lime pan horizon (m) d'accumulatlon calcaire lower plastic limit limite (f) lime requirement besoin (m) en chaux inf~rieure de plas­ lime water eau (M de chaux ticit6 lysimeter lysimitre (m)

44 45 ady soOl terre (f) innrneuse, sol (in) marneux marsh marais (in) massive massif (massive) mature 6voluE (e) mature soil sol (m) mftr maximum waterholding ca- capacit6 (f) maximum de r6­ pacity tention en eau meadow pr6 (in) mechanical analysis analyse (f) m6anique, com­ position (f) granulo-m6­ macroporosity macroporosit6 (f) trique, analyse (0 granu­ macroes ture mracros ure (flo-m6trique madeland medium textured texture (f) moyenne d6blai (in), terre (f) rappor. melocene t~e mellow meublemiocine (in) magnesian limestone calcaire (in) magn6sien, do- mellow soil terre (f) franche lomie (f) magnesium melt (to...) fondre magn6sium (in) melt water eau (f) de fusion magnesium sulfate sulfate (in) de magn6sie mesh magnetite maille (f) magnetite (0 mesophilic bacteria bacterie (f) m~sophile manganese manganese (in) mesophyte manure m6sophyte (f) (farmyard...) fumier (in) metamorphic m6tamorphique manure (material applied to fumure (f) metamorphic rock roche (f) m6tamorphique soil to supply plant nu- mica mica (i) trients) micaceons sandstone psammite () manure (to...) fumer micaceous schist map schiste (m) micac6 carte (0 micro-climate micro-climat (in) map unit unit6 (0 cartographique mapping microclne microcline (in) unit unit6 (f) de classification ndcrofauna microfaune marble (f) marbre (m) nicroflora microflore (f) marine erosion drosion () marine micron micron (in) marine deposit d6p6t (in) main micro-organism micro organisme marine terrace terrasse (f) marine microporosity microporosit6 (f) (m) Marl Marne (f) mcroprofle mcroproffl (m) marling marnage (in) micro-relief marly micro-relief (in) marneux (euse) micro-structure microstructure (f) 46 47 Migration migration (i) millequlvalent miili6quivalent matorilloflte series groupe (m) de ]a montm6­ millimhosnilmhos (m) rillonite mine-dump chantier (m) de versage mottldr tachet6 (e), bigarr6 e), mar­ mineral reserve r~ervemra (f)(m) m.n6rale mtldhrznozon br (me) mineral soil al ( inrlzn(m (m) tahet6,oiaht mineral soil sl (i) minral mond butte mineral water eau () (f), monticule (m) in6irale mountain montagne () mineralizaon minfralisable mountain soil (obsolete) sol (m) de montagne mineralize min6raliation (I) mountainous mineralized min6ralis6 muck a1 solmontagneux (m) organique (euse) 6 mlneralogically min ralogiquement mud boue (f), vase (fu mineralogist min6ralogiste mud How coulee (f) de boue mineralogy mixe m61minralogie (e)(euse) (f) muddy boueux (boueuse), vaseux mixed mn16 (e) mudlat plaine (W)de mixed fertilizer engrais boue (m) compos6, engrais mudstoue argilolithe (m) (m) complet m-lch paillis (m), couche-6crar (f) moist humide 1 moisten (to... mich (to...) pailler humecter mulching paillage moisture humidit6 (f) (m) mul humus (m) interm6diaire, moisture conditions rdgime (m) hydrique moisture conservation conservation humus doux (f) de I'humi- Munsell notation notation (W Munseil djt6 muscovite muscovite (f) moisture content teneur (f) en eau mushroom moisture equivalent humidit6 champignon (m) (f) 6quivalente mycorhiza micorhize (in) moisture profile prom (m) hydrique moisture tension tension (f) de l'eau du sol mole drainage drainage (m) A ]a charrue taupe mole run galerie (f) de taupe moor fange (f) mor humus (m) brut moraine moraine (f) morel morille (f) mosaic mosalque (f) moss mousse (f)

48 49 Xftrou acid acide (m) nitreux modular nodulaire module nodosit6 (f), nodule (m) module bacteria bact6ries (f) des nodosit6s noncalcc brown soil sol calcaire)(in) brun subaride (non non.capillary porosty porosit6 V) non capillaire non-cohesive incohrrat (e) nbnlaterized red earth sol (Ln) rouge non-1atritis6 nonsymblotic non-symbiotique nontronite nontronite (f) normal profile profl (m) normal normal relief relief (m) normal natural naturel (le) normal soil sol (m) normal natural erosion 6rosion (f) naturee normal stres tension (f) normale natural fertility fertilit6 (f) naturelle northern septentrional (e) > natural resource ressource (f) naturelle nucifonn nuciforme nature nature (f) nematode n6matode (m) neutral neutre neutral soil sol (m) neutre neutralize (to...) neutraliser neutralization neutralisation (f) neutralizing power pouvoir (m) neutralisant nitrate nitrate (m) nitrate nitrogen azote (m) nitrique nitrate reduction r6duction (f) des nitrates :ttrlc acid acide (in) nitrique nitriflable nitrogen azote (m) min~ralisable nitrification nitrification (f) nitrify (to... nitrifier nitrite nitrite (m) nitrobacter nitrobacter (m) nitrogen azote (m) nitrogen cycle cycle (in) de l'azote nitrogen fixation fixation (f) de l'azote nitrogen (mineralizable...) azote (m) minralisable nitrosomonas nitrosomonas (f)

50 51 outfit 6quipement (m) outwash plain plaine (f) d'alluvions oven-dried sch6 A 1'6tuve overcrop (to...) 6puiser overgrazing surpiturage (m) overilming surchaulage (m) 0 oxidation oxydation (f), combusion (f) oxidize (to...) oxyder oxygen oxyg~ne (m)

oasis oasis (f) observation well tube (m)pi6zom6trique obsidian obsidienne (f) s octahedral layer couche (f) octa6drique * olgocene oligoc~ne (m) olive growing o16iculture (f) olivine olivine (f) oolite oolithe (m) ooze vase (f) oolitic oolithique open cut tranchee () ouverte orchard verger (m) organic organique organic acid acide (m)organique organic matter mati6re (f)organique organic phosphorus phosphore (in) organique organic soil sol (m)organique organism organisme (m) orientation orientation () orthocase orthose (m) ortstein alios (m) osmosis osmose (f) osmotic osmotique osmotic pressure pression (f)osmotique outcrop affleurement (m), affleurer

52 53 pllewmaer appareil p~nftrom~tre perched water table nappe (f) perch~e percolation percolation (f) perennial plant plante (f) vivace, plante (f) p6renne permafost tjile (in), pergelisol (m), gel (m) permanent permanent pasture piturage (m) permanent permeability perm6abilit6 (f) permeable perm6able permian permien (m) permeable soil sol (m) perm6able mrateral tperviousness perm~abilit6 (f) parent matriaux (m) originels, m petrographic ptrographique t (m)(rien de depart pF pF parent rock roche-m~re (f) pH p particle particule (f) PH pH particle ptcu pH kIt trousse (f) colorim6trique particle size dimension (f) des grains pH meter pH m~tre (m) parts per million (PPM) parties pou~r million (ppm) phase (f) parts per thousand parties pour mille, 0/o. phosphate phosphate ( ) pasture pfturage (m) pea Iron pis:1ithe (m) ferrugineux phosphate (dicalclum...) phosphate (m) bicalcique pea aravel graviers (m) roul6s phosphate (monocalclum...) phosphate (in) monocalci­ peat tourbe (f) que peat bog tourbiire (f) phosphate (tricalclum...) phosphate (m) tricalcique peaty tourbeux (tourbeuse) phosphatic phosphat6 (e) peaty soil sol (m) tourbeux phosphoric acid acide (m) phosphorique pebble caillou (in), galet (m) phosphorus phosphore (m) ped ped (m), unit6 structurale phosphorus pentoxide anydride (m) phosphorique pedalfer p6dalfer (m) photograph photographie (f) pedocal p6docal (m) photomap assemblage de photos a6­ pedogenesis p6dog6n~se (f) riennes (ou photomontage) pedologist p6dologue (m) physical properties propri6tes (f) physiques pedology pedologie (f) physical weathering alt&ation (f) physique pedosphere p~dosph~re (f) physiological drouth s~cheresse (f) physiologique peneplain p~n~plaine (f) phytogenic soils sols organiques penetrability p6n6trabiit6 pick pic (m), pioche (f) penetration test essai (in) de p~n~tration pick (to...) cueillir

54 55 pickup piedmont camionnette (1), pick-up (m) PD&ODC podzolique plezometer pimont (m) lozolIzation podzolisation (f) pink rose (i) pond mare (f), inonder, former pinkish rositte une mare piston sampler sonde (f) A piston pore pore (m) pit fosse (f) pore space volume plagloclase (m) des pores, es­ plagioclase (m) pace (m) vide plain plaine (f) pore water eau plane table (f) libre planchette (f) pore water pressure pression de l'eau intersti­ panosol sol (in) A sous-sol dur, plaU )ialle nosol (m) porost porosit6 (f) plant (to... semer, planter porous poreux (poreuse) porphyry Plant nutrient substance nutritive porphyre (m) des plan. potable water eau (f) buvable, eau (f) tes potable plant residueis m) vegetaux plasmolysis pot hole nid (m) de poule plastic plasmolyse (f) potassium potassium plastique potassium chloride chlorure (m)(m) plastic limit limite (f) de plasticit6 potassium fixation fixation de potassium plasticity (f) de potassium plasticit6 (f) potassium sufate sulfate (m) de potassium plate count comptage (ml s r plaque potentiometer plateau potentiom)tre (m) plateau (m) powdery pulverulent (e), poudreux platy feuillet6 (e) platy poudreuse) structure structure (f) feuillete, struc- prairie prairie (f) naturelle Pleistocene ture (f) lamellaire prairie soil sol (m) de ]a prairie pliocene pleistocane (m) precipitation pr6cipitation (f) plot pliocne (m) pressure gauge manomatre (m) plowPlot parcelle (f) primary mineral min6ral (to...) labourer ral (m)(m) primaire primitif, min6­ plowable pasture pfturage (m) temporaire prismatic plowed prismatique land terre (f) labouree prismatic structure structure (f) prismatique plowing labour (m), labourage (m) process processus (m) plowpan fonds (m) de raie au labour proctor plow sole compaction tes: essai (m) de compactage de odzol pozl()proctorfonds (m) de raie au labour podzolpodzol m) productivity podzol productivit6 (f) (dwarf...) podzol (n) nain. protopod- productive soil sol (m) productif zol (M) profile profil (m)

56 57 prominent accentu6 (e) protein prot6ine (f) protozoa protozoaire (m) pseudomorphism dpig6nie (f) pseudo-mycelium pseudo-mycelium (m) public grazing land parc (in) public pudding-stone poudingue (in) puddled olfl s9Il (-n) fondu, sol (mn)d­ flocule, Sol (in) A struc­ ture d6truite pumice stone pierre (f) ponce pumping test essai (m) de pompage puppet poupe (f) quantity of water putrefaction pourriture d6bit (W, putr6faction carri~re (f) de pierre pyrite pyritep () quaternary quaternaire (m) pyroxene quartz (m) pyrox~ne (m)qrz sand sable (m) quartzeux qaartzte quartzite (m) quick clay argile (f) fluide quick sand sable (m) boulant, sable (mn flottant

58 59 elng (lack of oxygen) r~ducteur (m) reforestation reboisernent (m) region region (f) regollth regolithe regosol regosol (m), prsol (m) regur, black cotton soil regurcoton (W), sol (m) noir A relic soil sol (m) relique relief relief (m) rendzina rendzine (f) research recherche (f) rainfal mapbarrage, reservoir r6servoir (m),bassin lac (m) (m) de rainfal map carte () pluviom6trique rain-water eau residual material mati~re (f) r6siduelle (f) pluviale, eau (f) de resistance (electrical ...) resistivit6 (f) pluie M lectrique residual soil (obsolete) sol (m)r6siduel rainy pluvieux rainy season (pluvieuse) reticulate r6ticul6 (e) saison (f) pluvieuse reticulate mottling raised bog tourbe marbrure (f) r6ticule (f) haute rhizoblum rhizobium (m) rangeland pfturage (m)de grand par- rhizosphere rhizosph6re (f) cours reclaim rice growing riziculture (f) (to...) d6fricher, mettre en culture rice lands redama rizires (f), terres (f)rizi­ ion (land...) d6frichement (m), mise (f) r lesW reconnaissance soil survey en culture coles prospecon (f) volapte, pros- ridge crte (f), sommet (m) pection (f)de ronnais- rill rigole (f) due i la pluie sance rillerosion 6rosion (f) en rigoles red rouge river red desert soil sol ( ) rouge drsertique rivi~re (f), fleuve (m) red earths sois river deposit d~p~t (m) fluvial, alluvion picalrouges huuide) (sous cimat tro- (f) fluviale river terrace terrasse (f)fluviatile red loam limon (M) rouge ok red podzolic soil sol (m) rockoche(f) rouge podzolique rock fill remblai (m) rocheux reddish rougeitre rock flour poudre W de Pierre reddish brown lateritic soil sol (m)rouge lat~rique reddish rock outcrop protuberance (f) rocheuse brown (steppe) soil sol (m) brun rouge rock phosphate reddish chestnut soil (M) phosphate (m), phosphate sol chftain rouge (m) reddish prairie soil sol (m)rouge la naturel de prairie rock wase d6bris (m)pierreux 60 61 rock weathering d6composition (i) du rocher rocky soil sol (i) rocheux rodent rongeur (m) root racine (f) root hair poil (i) absorbant root system systame (m) radiculair root zone zone (f) des racines rooting enracinement (0 rough roken land pays (m) accident6 rounded arrondi (e) row crop culture (en) en ligne run off (to...) ruisseler running water eau (f) courante n off ruissellement (m) saline soil run sol (m) sal6, sol (m) salin off water eau (f) ruisselante, eau () salne-alkal, soil ol (m) salin A alcali de ruissellement saliniy salinit6 (f) rubefactlon rubrfaction (f) salnizatlon salinisation (f) cC rust rouille (f) salt crust crofite (0 sal6e sar water marsh marais (m) saumitre saltatlon saltation (f) saltpeftr salpltre (m) saty sal6 (e) salty soil sol (m) sal6, sol (m) salin salty water eau (f) salve sample 6chantillon (m) sampler -sDpareil de prise d'6chan­ tillons sampling pr6l~vement d' chantillons sand (2.0 ­0.05 mm dam- sable (m) [2,0 - 0,02 mm eter) diamatre] sand dune dune (f) sand storm pluie (f) de sable sandstone gras (M) sandstone (soft and friable) mollasse (0 sandy sableux (sableuse) sandy ar6nac6 (e) sandy clay argile (0 sableuse

62 63 sandy day loam argile (f) sablo-inoneue erpene sandy land serpentin (f) terre (f) sableuse esquloxide sesquioxyde (m) sandy loam sablo limono-argileux shaker sap (of plant) secoueur (m) s&ve (f) shale schiste (m) saponite saponite (f) shallow soil sapropel sol (m) mince sapropel (m) sheet erosion 6rosion (f) en nappe saturate (to... saturer shell limestone calcaire (m) coquillier saturated satur6 (e) shifting cultivation satured soil culture (f) itinrante sol (m) satur6 shifting sand sable (m) mobile saturation saturation (f) shore savanna rive (f), bord (m) savane (f) shot, buckshot concretion (f) ferrugineuse scale 6chelle (f) scarp shower averse (f) escarpement (m) shrink (to...) diminuer de volume shur achiste (m) shrinkage retrait (m), r~tr~cissement scourscour (to...) affouiler(maffouillement (m)M) sctais Cm) shrinkage crack fente (f) screen shrinkage de retrait sea level limit limite (f) de retrait niveau m) de amer shrub sea water eau ( m)de buisson (m), arbuste (m) mer shrubby buissonneux second bottom terrasse(f) infrieure (buissonneuse) sallitic siallitique secondarybomr miera (f) senaire slerozem (gray desert secondary mineral sin ral(m) secondaire sieve soil) sol gris subd~sertique secondary tamis (m) soil sol () de seconde fa sieve (to...) tamiser tiont sieving sediment tamisage (m) s6diment (i) silica silice (f) sedimentary rock roche () sslinentaire silica-sesquioxide ratio rapport (m) silice-sesqui­ sedimentation s6dimentation (f) seed oxyde semence (f), grains (f) de silicate silicate (m) semence siliceous si'iceux (siliceuse) seed (to...) semer sliceous limestone seed bed calcaire (m) siliceux semis (m) siliceous sand sable (m) seedling siliceux plantule (f), plante obtenue siliceous soil sol (m) siliceux par sems sillcl add seepage acide (m) silicique perte (f) d'eau d'un canal silicon silicium (m) dans le sol silt (.05 - .002 mm diameter) limon (m) [0,02 - 0,002 mm self-mulching soil sol (m) A bonne structure diamtre] naturelle sAt loam limon (m) argilo-sableux 64 65 silt u F (to...) envaser, ensabler O compex complexe (in) de sos sulltstor.c gras (in) fin on o n i e r co mpl e ( ) de so ts sily silty dlay argilelimoneux (f) limoneuse(nimoneuse) ~ molseo coservationconditioner conservationcons ationeur (f)(m)dudeso!sols silygda strusrue sngle-gran M on -te son creep glissement (in) du sol structure structure (f) mono-partiw. soil depth profondeur (m) du sol lake we disinfection d6sinfection (t) du sol sink-hole, or solution sink creux (in) form6 par diso- soll drainage clase drainage (m) naturel, classe lution, entonnoir (in) (f) de drainage size frequency curve courbe (f) de fr6quence soil extract extrait (in) de sol skeleton squelette (in) soil family famile (f) de sol slate ardoise (f) soil fertility fertilit6 (f) du sol slick spot tache (f) alcaline sol formation formation slide t) des sols glissement (m) sol formation factor facteur (in) de formation des slope pente (f) sols slope wash talus (m) d'6rosion soll genesis gen~se (f) des sols smooth 6gal (e), lisse sl horizon horizon (m) du Sol soapstone pierre & savon (talc) sonImprovement a61ioration (f) des sos sod gazon (m) soll management am~nagement (m) des sols sodic soil sol (in) sodique soll mantle manteau (in) du sol sodium sodium (in) sill map carte (f) des sols sodium absorption ratio rapport d'absorption de so- soil map (detailed recon- carte p6dologique d6taille dium naissance...) (ou A grande 6chelle) sodium carbonate carbonate de soude soil map (generalized...) carte p6dologique de syn­ sodium chloride chlorure (m) de sodium thbse soft water eau (f) douce sol map (reconnaissance...) carte p~dologique de recon­ soil sol (in) naissance soil air atmosphere (f) du sol soil map (schematic...) esquisse pOdologique soil analysis analyse (f) des sols sl mapping cartographic (f) des sos soil asphyxiation asphyxie (f) du sol soil mechanics mcanique (f) du sol soil assoclaticn association (f) de sols soll moisture humiditu (f) du sol soil bacteriology bact6riologie () du sol soil moisture tension tension (f) de l'eau dusol soil blowing 6rosion (f) 6olienne soil monolith monolithe soil (m) du sol chemisty chimie (f) du sol soil morphology morphologie (f) du sol soil classification classification (f) des solts soil penetrometer sonde (t) dynamomtrique soil climate pedoclimat (in) soil phase phase (f) soil colloid collolde (in) du sol soil physics physique () du sol soil compaction compactage (n) des sols soil population population (f) du sol

66 67 soil profile pit fosse (f p6dologique SPMVY dAversoir (m) soil reaction r6action (f) du sol splash erosion 6rosion (f) par le choc des soil salinity salinit6 (f) du sol gouttes de pluie soil sampler sonde (f) p~dologique spon"y spongieux (spongieuse) soil sampling pr6lvement (m) des sols spring source (f) soil science science (f) du sol sprinkler arroseuse (f) soil scientist p6dologue (in) stable stable soil separate constituant (m granulomE. stable humus humus (m) stable trique sbflity stabilit6 (f) s ignnt stagnant (e) soil series s6rie (f) de sols (USA) stagnant water eau (f) stagnante sol solution solution (f) du sol statics statistiques (f) soi stabilization stabilisation ( du sol steep escarp6 (e) soil structure structure (f) du sol sticky gluant (e), collant (e), adh6­ soil suction succion (f) du sol rent (e) soil survey prospection (f) du sol sticky point point (m) d'adh6sivit6 soil texture texture ( du sol stokes' law loi de Stokes soil type type (m) de sol stone caillo Cm) -A, sol water humidit6 (f) du sol stone line lit (m)de cailoutis, rang6e soil (young...) n~osol (m) () de illts, age solodizationsolifluction solodisationcoulee () de CO solifluction gravats(f de pierres, nappe Cf de solodized soil sal Cm) solodis stony caillouteux (caillouteuse) solodized sol solonetz(m) solodis6 stony soil sol (m) pierreux solodized solonetz soloneha (), soldis n stratification stratification () solonchak solonchak (m), sl (m) salin stratified stratifi6 (e) solonet solonetz (in) mftify (to...) stratifier solotb soloth Cmn)sticrpclue()n ad le­ soluble-sodium percentage proportion de sodium solu- strip crop culture Cf en bandes alter­ (SSP) ble (par rapport Ala som- strontium strontium Cm) me des cations) structure structure (f) solum solum (in) structure degradation d6gradation (f) de h struc­ solution channel chemin~e () de dissolution ture southern m6ridional (e) structureless ; massive or sin- structure (f) particulaire species esp~ce (f) gle grain specific gravity poids (m) sp~cifique stubble chaume (m) specific heat chaleur (f) sp6cifique du sot sbangular blocky structure structure (f) polydrique specific surface surface (f) sp6cifique du subangulare spherical sph6rique subangulaire

68 69 subsiding water eau (f) en dt­ subsoil sol (m) sous-jacent, oue. Sol (m) sut n sous-solage substrate substrat (m) substratum couche CMinf&ieure subsurface sous-surface (f) sulfate sulfate (m) T sulfur soufre (m) sulfuric add acide (m) sulfurique summation curve courbe (f) cumulative superphosphate superphosphate (m) surface soil couche (0 superficielle survey prospaction (0, vue (f, at- tal water niveau (m) aval penter tabidunm couche swmpion de fermentation suspension (f) talc talc (m) swamp mar6cage (m) un peu boise. talus accumulation (f) d'6boulis marais (m) de gravit6 swampy mar6cageux (mar~cageue) tannic acid acide (m) tannique swelling day gonflement (m) du Sol tap water eau (f) de robinet syenite argile (f) foisonnante taproot racine (f) pivotante syinite (C temperate rod&6 (e) symbioticsymbiosis symbiotic symbiotiquesymbiose (f) temperature temp6rature (f) system temporary pasture prairie (i artificielle syst~me (m) tensiometer tensinm~tre (m) tension tensici (f) termite termite termite mound termiti~re Terra Rossa Terra (f) Rossa terrsce terrasse (f) terrace (first ...) terrasse (f) infrieure tertiary tertiaire (m) test (to...) faire un essai, faire une exprience testing essai (m), exp6rience (f) texture texture (f) thermophile bacteria bact~rie (0 thermophile dtermosequeace thermos6quence

70 71 thick 6pais (6paisse) &ftary affluent (m) thickness dpaisseur (f) , crop culture (f) maraichre thin mince ,unate (to...) tronquer Thomas phosphate to f) de diphospho, &eacated tronqu6 (e) tronqu6, sol (m) tion trunated "sl sol (m) tidal depositddnptt (m) de mare alon d6cap6 tidal marsh marais tidal mud flats limons (m)(m) dec6tier marte tuber tberculetroncature (m) () till (glacial ... ) dip6t (m) morainique, moo. o tuf (m) raine (W glaciaire tandra toundra (f) tillage labourage (m) tundra soil sol (m) de toundra tilth 6tat (m) d'ameublissement turblent flow 6coulement (m) turbulent time temps (in) Ind gazon (m) firs tirs (m) type type (m) titrate (to...) titrer top soil, plow layer couche (f) arable, semelle (f) de labour, terre (f) vjS& tale Q(topography topographie (f) topographic map carte t) topographique topographic survey lev6 (m) topographique toposale photomontage indiquant le model6 toposequence topos6quence total acidity acidit6 (f) totale tourmaline tourmaline (f) trace element oligo-6l6ment (in) transition horizon horizon (n) de transition transitional moor tourbiare (f) de transition transitional soil sol (M) de transition transpiration transpiration (f) transportation transport (m) transported soil (obsolete) sol (m) transport6 travertine travertin (m) calcaire treatment traitement (m) trench foss6 (m), tranch6e (f) triassic trias (m) 72 73 U V

ultimate particle particule (f) 0l6mentaire valley vall6e (f) underlying rock roche (Msous-jacente valley floor fond (m) de vall6e underground water eau (W souterraine value (MtrselI) valeur undifferentiated alluvium alluvion (f) non-diffrencih varved day argile (f) stratifi6e undulating ondul6 (e) vegetable growing culture (f) maraichre unmanured non fum6 (e) vegetation v6gtation (f) unsaturated insatur6 e), non saturi (e) ventifact pierre (f) fagonn6e par le unstable labile vent unstratified non stratifi6 vermiculite vermiculite (f) unweathered non us6 (e) vesicular laterite lat6rite (f) caverneuse upland terrain (m) 6levi vine growing viticulture (f) upper plastIc limit limite (f) suplrieure de plai. vineyard vignoble (m) ticit6 virgin land terrain (in) vierge, terre (f) upstream amont (m) vierge urban urbain (e) visoalty viscosit6 (f) urban-land terrains (in) urbains voiM vide (m) urea ur6e (f) volcano volcan (m) volcanic ash cendre (f) volcanique volcanic lava lave (f) volcanique volcanic rock roche (f) volcanique volcanic tuff tuf (m) volcanique

74 75 Wavy ondul6 (e), ondulante (e) weather temps (m) weather (to...) user par les intemp6ries weathered us6 (e) par les intemp6ries weathered rock roche () alt~r~e weathering alteration (f) weed mauvaise herbe (f) weed killer herbicide (m), d~sherbant (M) well buffered soil sol (m) bien tamponn6 well water eau (f) de puits wet (to...) mouiller wash (to...) laver wet spot lot (m) mouilleux, tache (f) wasteland terre (f) vague, terrain (m) pmouilleuse inculte Wheatstone bridge nt (m) de Wheatstone water (to...) arroser whirlwind tourbillon (m) water-bearing aquif~re while blanc (blanche) water conservation conservation (f) de l'eau white alkali alcali (m) blanc water content teneur (f) en eau whitish blanchfitre water of constitution eau (f) de constitution wiesenboden (wet meadow water of crystallization eau (f) de cristallisation soil) sol (m) de prairie water of hydration eau (f) de hydratation wild life vie (f) sauvage water requirement besoin (m) en eau wilt (to... fltrir water-stable aggregate agr~gat (m) stable A I'eau wilting point (permanent...) point (m) de fltrissement water supply r6serve (f) d'eau permanent water table plan (m) d'eau wind-blown sand sable (m) poussl par le vent water well puits (m) wind deposits apports (m) 6oliens, dp6ts waterholding capacity capacit6 (f) de retention en (m) 6oliens eau wind erosion 6rosion (f) 6olienne watering arrosage (m), irrigation (f) windbreak brise-vent (m) waterlogged engorg6 (e), noy6 (e), satu- wood ashes cendres (f) du bois r6 (e), mouilleux (mouil- wooded bois6 (e) leuse), gorg6 (e) d'eau woodland bois (m) waterlogging engorgement (m) du sol par woody peat tourbe (f) ligneuse l'eau woody peat soil sol (m) tourbeux de fort watershed bassin (m) versant, ligne (f) workability (of soil) propri6t6s (f) culturales de partage des eaux worn us6 (e)

76 77 X Y

xerophyte x6rophyte (m) yellow jaune X-ray rayon..x (i) yellow poilzolic soil sol (m) jaune podzolique yellowing jaunissement (in) yellowish jaunitre yellowish brown lateritic sol (m) beige lat6ritique soil yield rendement (m) young soil sol (m) en formation, sol (in) jeune, pr~sol (m)

78 79 z

zinc zinc (m) zircon zion (m) zonal soil ,ol (M) zonal FRAN(vAIS-ANGLAIS zone of weathering couche (f) d'alt6ration

80 A

FRANAIS ANGLAIS abrasion (f) (6olienne, flu- abrasion (eolian, fluvial, viale, glaciaire, marine) glacial, marine) abrupt (e)l abrupt, precipitous absorber to absorb absorption absorption accentu6 (e) prominent accident6 (e) rough, broken, hilly accumulation (f) d'6boulis talus de gravit6 acide (in) acid acide (m) actique acetic acid acide (m) carbonique carbonic acid acide (m) chlorhydrique hydrochloric acid acide (m) nitreux nitrous acid acide (in) nitrique nitric acid acide (m) organique organic acid acidt (m) phosphorique phosphoric add acide (m) silicique silidc acid

I Dans le cas oil ]a terminaison des adjectifs au fiminin est diffirente da celle du masculin, cette terminason figure A la suite du mot.

83 acide (m) sulfurique sulfuric acid acide (m) agricole agricultural tannique tannic add agriculture (f) agriculture acides (m) humiques hunic acids agrologie (f) acidification agrology (f) artificielle acidification agronome (W) agronomist acidifier to acidify agronomie (f) acidiphile (m) agronomy plant which tolemt or agrumiculture (f) citrus growing grows well in rongly aire (f) am add soils aire (f) de captage catchment area acidit6 (f) acidity aire (f) d'inondation acidit6 (f) flood plain activ, active acidity albitre (W) alabaster acidit6 (f) hydrolytique hydrolytic acidity albite (f) acidit6 albite (f) totale total acidity alcali m) alkali acidoide (in) addold alcali m) blanc actinomyc~te (m) white alkali actinomyces alcali (in) noir black alkali adh6rence (f) adhesion alcalim~trie (f) adh6rent alkalimetry (e) adhesive, sticky alcalin (e) alkaline adh6sif (adh6sive) adhesive alcalino-terreux adh6sivit6 (f) alkaline-earth (point de...) sticky point alcaliniser to alkalize ados (m) ridges either narrow of alcalinisation (f) alkallzation broad to facilitate drm- alcalinit6 (f) alkalinity nage adsorber algue (f) algae to adsorb alidade (f) alidade adsorption (f) adsorption alios-ferrugineux (m) Iron pan, ortstein a6ration (f) aeration allocbtone a6r6 (e) allochtonal aerated alluvial (e) alluvial arer to aerate allvion (f) a6robie alluvium aerobic dluvion (f) fluviale river deposit affaissement im) drawdown alluvion (f) affleurant (e) glaciaire glacial till outcropping alluvion (f) non diff6ren- undifferentiated alluvium affleurement (m) outcrop affleurer ci& to outcrop alluvionnenent (m) des river-wash affluent (m) libutary affouillement fleuves (m) scour, undermine altiration (f) alteration, agate (f) weathering agate altiration (f) chimique chemical change agrigat (m) aggregate alteration (f) physique agr~gat physical weathering (m) stable A l'eau water-stable aggregat altiri (e) altered agr~g6 (e) aggregated altitude (f) agr~ger altitude to aggregate aluminium (m) aluminium

84 85 amas (m) accumuaton artucda Vants which grow well In amelioration (f) des sols son Improvement sands am6nagement (m) des sols soil management argue (f) [<0,002 mm dia- clay (<.002 mm diameter) amendement (in) amendment matre] ammoniaque () ammonia argUe (f) A potier fire clay amnmonisation () ammonification argile (f) alluviale alluvial clay ammonitrate (M) calcium ammonium nltrz argile (f) calcique calcareous clay amorphe malorphous arge () amphibole (f) amphbole argile (f) fluidecolloidale quickcolloidal day clay amphotare amphoteric argile (f) foisonnantc swelling clay amont (in) upstream arguie (f) grise tropicale 1pray tropical day anairobie anaerobic argile (f) limoneuse silty clay analyse (f) chiique chemical analysis argile (f) de moraine blocs boulder clay analyse (f) des sols soil analysis argile (f) sableuse sandy clay analyse W m ~canique mechanical analysis argile (f) sablo-limoneuse sandy day loam analyse (f thermique diff differential thermal ) scisteuse shale rentie de argile (f) smectique fuller's earth ntie argile () stratifl6e varved clay anatase () anatase argileux (argileuse) dayey, argillaceous anauxite (f) anauxite argilire (f) day pit and6sine (f) andesine argilisation (f) transformation of rock or andSite (f) andesite mineral into clay anguleux (anguleuse) angular argilolithe (in) mud stone anhydride (m) phosphorique phosphorus pentoxide aride ad anion (m) anion aridit6 aridity, dryness anorthite (f) anorthite arkose arkose antibiotique antibiotic arrondi (e) rounded apatite (f) apatite arroser to water, to Irrigate, to appareil (in) p6ntrom~tre penetrometer sprinkle apports (m) 6oliens wind deposits arrosage (m) Irrigation, watering appauvrissement (m) Impoverishment arroseuse (f) sprinkler aquif~re water-bearing arthropode (m) arthropod arable arable ascension (f) capillaire capillary rise aragonite (f) aragonite asphyxie (f) du sol soil asphyxiation arbuste (m) shrub assainissement (m) drying, drainage (approx.) ardoise (f) slate ashement (m) drainage, drying up ar6nac6 (e) sandy, arenaceous ass6cher to dry up, to drain arane (f) schisteuse arenaceous shale assimilable available

86 87 association (f) de sols soil Wasclatlo assolement (m) crop rotation atmosphere (f) du sol soil air attapulgite (f) attapulgite auge (f) glaciaire glacial trough augite (f) augite autochtone autochtonal autotrophe autotrophic azonal azonal azote (in) nitrogen azote (m) min6ralisable mineralizable niroge azote (m) nitrique nitrate nitrogen

bactirie (f) bacteria bactirie (f) m6sophile mesophilic bacteria bacteries (f) des nodosit~s nodule bacteria bactirie (f) thermophiie thermophilic bacteria bactiriologie (f) du sol soil bacteriology - baie (f) bay bande-tampon (f) (r6sistant -- buffer-strip i l'irosion) banquette (f) bench terrace barrage (in) dam barrage (W) en terre earth dam barrage-frein (m) check dam bas (m) de pente foot slope bas-fond (m) low ground basafte (m) basalt bases (f) changeables exchangeable bases basicit6 (1) basicity basique basic basses eaux low water bassin (m) basin bassin (m) versant watershed, drainage basin bauxite (f) bauxite beidellite (f) beldellite bentonite (f) bentonite besoin (m) en chaux lime requirement

88 89 besoin (m) en engrais fertilizer requirer,,m bicarbonate (m) bicarbonate bigarr6 (e) motled, mixed coloMu biologie (f) biology biologique biological biotite (f) blotite blanc (blanche) white blanchftre whitish blanchir to bleach C bois (m) forest, woodland bois6 (e) wooded bord (m) shore bore (m) boron boue ( e) mud caillou (m) boueux (oueuse) stone, cobble muddy caillouteux (caillouteuse) stony boussole (f) compass calcaire m) briche (f) breccia calcaire (m) aactif thelimestone, part ofcalcareous soil CaCo3 ha. brise-vent (m) windbreak ccag m aar s face a­ brousse (f) boper brush land broyer ringunita large of mass surface area to grind calcaire (m) broy6 ground limestone br(icite (f) brucite calcaire (m) corallien brun (e) brown calcaire (m) coquillier shellcoral limestonelimestone brunitre brownish calcaire (m) des tourbires buisson (m) bog lime shrub, bush calcaire (m)magn.sien magnesan limestone, dolo buissonneux (buissonneuse) shrubby mgne limestone butte ( A sominet piat butte calcaire (m) siliceux siliceous limestone butte (f) (sous un buisson coppice mound calcareux en touffe) (calcareuse) caIcareeus calcaris6 (e) containing calcium carbo­ nate calckdoine (f) chalcedony calcicole species of natural vegetation often, or exclusively found on calcareous soils caicification calcification calcifuge species of plants not found or which grow poorly on calcareous soils calcique calcic, limy 90 91 calcite (f) caldte calcium (m) calciume () de base base map cium carte (f) des sols soil map caionnette( f) pickup carte (f) en courbes de ni- contour map canal (m) canal canal (m) d'1coulement (ar- drainage canal areveau e tificiel) carte (f explicative Interpretive map cafion (in) canyon carte (f) hypsom6trique altitude map capacit (f) agrologique des land capability clag carte (f) p6lologique de generalized soil sois map capacit6 (f) d'6change de synthase cation-exchange capaiy carte (f) p~dologique de re- reconnaissance de cations soil map capacit6 connaissance (f) de r6tention au field capacity carte (f) pluviomitrique champ rainfall map cartecartographe (f) topographique (m) cartographertopographic map capacit6 (f) de r~tention en waterholding capact eau cartographie (f) cartography cartographie ( des sols so capacit6 () en air grapping air capacity cartographique cartographic capacit6 (f) maximum de maximum water-boldiug Co. r6tention en eau pacity cassant (e) brittle capacit6 (f) portante catigorie (f) clam bearing capacity cation (m) cation capacit6 (f) totale d'6change exchange capacity cation (m) 6changeable exchangeable cation capillaire capillary caviti(f pit capillarit6 (f) capillarity cellulose (f) cellulose carapace (f) calcaire calcareous hard pan cendr6 (e) ash color carapace (f) lat~ritique lateritic crust cendre carbonate (m) (f) volcanique volcanic ash carbonate cendres (f) du bois carbonate (m) de soude wood ashes sodium carbonate cendreux (cendreuse) ashy carbone (m) carbon carbon6 (e) chaille (f) chert carbonated, carbonaceom chaine (f) de sols carbonif~re carboniferous €citena carence chaleur (f) heat (f) deficiency chaleur (f) carotte (f) de sondage sp6cifique specific heat core champ (m) field carrire (f) de cailloux gravel pit champ (m) de carri~re (f) de pierre foin hayfield quarry champ (m) labour6 plowed carte (f) map, field chart champignon (in) fungi, mushroom carte (f) agrologique map showing soi chmcw charge (f) ristics head Important to ar$- charge d'eau head of water culture chaulage (m) liming

92 93 chauler to lme d8tr (e) fenced chaume stubble qeuler to coagulate chaux (f) lime Ceficient (i) d'hygrosco- hygroscopic coefficient chaux (f) azot6e cyanamide plcit ( chaux (f) 6teinte calcium hydroxide c te chaux (v ive burned _!me, crkch d 6 wlc rent (e) coherent chemin6e (f) de dissolution solution channel coinCm)ea cohesion chenal (m) c-hannel coin (m) de Slace Ice-wedge chenal (in) d'une rivi~re river cha"ne! collant (e) sticky chernozem (m) chernozem colline (f) hill chimie (f) chemisry colloidal (e) colloidal chimie (f) du sol soil chemistry mloloide (m) colloid chimique chemical colloide (m) du sol soil colloid chlore (m) chlorine colloides (m) hydrophiles hydrophilic colloids chlorite (m) chlorite colloides (m) hydrophobes hydrophobic colloids chorophylle (f) chlorophyll colluvion (t) colluvium chorose (f) chlorosis colratage (m) accumulation of silty mate­ chorure (m) chloride rial by sedimentation from chorure (m) de calcium calcium chloride flood water chlorure (m) de potassium potassium chloride colonnaire columnar chlorure (m) de sodium sodium chloride combustion (f) oxydation chute (f) de pluie rainfall €ompacit6 (f) compacthess cimentation (f) cementation compactage (m) compaction cinent6 (6) cemented compactage (m) des sols soil compaction circulation (f) de l'eau hydrologic cycle compaction (f) compaction classe () de capabilit6 land capability claa complexe (m) absorbant absorbing complex classement (m) des terres land classification complexe (n) adsorbant adsorption complex classification (f) classification complexe (m) argileux aday complex classification (f) g6n6tique genetic classificadoi complexe (m) argilo-humi- clay-humus complex cla sifier to classify que clastique clastic complexe (m) colloidal colldal complex climacique climax complexe (m) de sols soil complex cliniat Cm) climate complexe (m) humo-fe-.i- Iron-humus complex climat (m) aride arid climate que climatique climatic compos6 (m) chimique chemical compound clostridium (m) clostridlum Composis (m) ch6lateurs chelated compounds cl6ture (f) fence composition (f) chimique chemical composition

94 95 composition (f) granulom6- mechlmnal andyu couche () imperm6able Impermeable layer trique couche (f) inf6rieure substratum compost compost couche (f) labour6e Ap horizon compression (f) compression couche (f) octa~drique octahedral layer comptage (m) sur plaque plate count couche (f) perp6tuellement permafrost concr6tion (f) concretion Selde, pergelisol concretion (f) calcaire lime concretion couche (f) poussi6reuse su- dust mulch concretion (f) ferrugineuse shot, buckshot, iron concrs. perficielle tion coul6e (f) de boue mud flow conditionneur (m) de sols soil conditioner coal6e (f) de solifluxion solifluction deposit conductivit6 (f)(f) 6ectriquecapillaire electricalcapillary conductivityconductivity couleurcoulie (f)(f) volcaniqueclaire (de...) light-colored lava flow conductivit6 (f) hydrauli- hydraulic conductivity couleur (f) fonc~e (de...) dark-colored que couleur (f) fondamentale uecouloir (in) de drainage drainagechroma way c6ne (m) de d6jection alluvial fan, detrital f= coupe () de sol cut shwing soil profile cong6lation (f) freezing, congelation coure (f) o d cotor conglomrat (m) conglomerate vourbe(f) ou trac6 de contour conservation (I conservation niveau conservation (f) de l'humri- moisture conservation courbe U) cumulat;ve. summetion curve dit6 courbe (f) de fr~quence size frequency curve conservation de l'eau water conservation courbe (f) d'hyst6rsie hysteresis loop conservation (f) du sol soil conservation couverture (f) organique duff consistance (f) consistence craie (f chalk consolid6 (e) consolidated craie (t) lacustre lake-mart constituant (m) granulom6- soil separate crayeux (crayeuse) chalky trique crdtac6 (m) cretaceous contenu (m) en eau water content crete ridge contraste (m) contrast creuser to excavate, to dig coprolithe (m) faecal pellet creux (m) form6 par disso- sinkhole corrosion (f) corrosion lution c6te (f) hill, sea-coast crevasse () fissure c6tier (c6ti~re) coastal cristal (m) crystal couche () layer cristallin (e) crystalline couche (f) aquifire aquifer, water-bearing layer cristallisation (f) crystallization couche (f) arable top soil, plow layer, ara croissance (f) growth layer croitre to grow couche (f) d'alt6ration zone of weathering crotovine (f krotovina

96 97 croOte (f) crust culture (f) fourragre forage crop production croflte (f) calcaire limestone crust, creg cd. cultuire (f) intercalaire Inter-cropping care, callche culure (f) maraichare truck crop crofite (f) du d6sert desert crust culture () sarce cultivated, Interied crop crofite (f) gypseuse gypsum crut culture (f) sache dry-land fanning crofite (f) salve salt crust culture (f) vivrisrce food crop crue (f) flood cuvette (f) fooc cryosol (mi) cryomorphiesoi, frozen gol cyanamide calcique calcium cyanamide cubode cuboldal cycle (m) d'ro.ion erosion cycle cuirasse (f) laterite crust, outcrop e cycle (m) de l'azote nitrogen cycle Indurated layer contatnif cycle (m) du high percentage of kon carbone carbon c Je and aluminium oxde. and hydroxides cuirasse (f) ferrugineuse Ironstone cuirasse (f) lat6ritique lateritic crust cuirassement (in) pedogenetic proceses rem. ting In formation of bin. dened laterite horizon cuivre (m) copper cultiv6 (e) cultivated cultiver to cultivate cultural (e) (aux) cultural culture (f) (sens g~n6ral) farming, growing crops culture (f) (travail du sol) cultivation, tillage culture (f) de couverture cover crop culture (f) de d6crue crop planted after flood ro­ cedes. Depends only an moisture retained In il culture (f) d'hivernage crop grown during rainy eg­ son on non-Irrigated ld culture (f) de plein champ field crop culture (f) d~rob~e catch crop culture (f) en bandes strip crop alternantes culture (f) en ligne row crop culture (f) en semis dose-growing crop

98 99 difrichement (m) des terres land clearing degradationd~fricher (f) degradationto reclaim or clear land digradation () du sol soil degradation digradation (f) de la struc- structure degradation ture digradE (e) degraded degr (m) de compactage degree of compaction degr (m) de dispersion degree of dispersion degr6 (m) de saturation degree of saturation dElii (e), qui n'est pas ferme loose delta (m) delta dalle (f) flagstone dinitriflcation () denltrificatia d6alcalinisation dealkalizaton densimtre (m) hydrometer, densimeter d6bit (m) quantity or duty of w densim~trie (f) hydrometer analysis discharge densiti (f) density d6blai (m) made land densit6 (f) apparente bulk density, apparent den­ d~boisement (m) deforestation sity d6boiser to clear of trees densiti (f) des particules particle density d6bris (m) debris dWpose (e) deposited d6bris (m) de coquille shell fragments diposer to deposit debris (m) pierreux rock waste, detritus d~p8t (m) deposit d6bris (m) v~g~taux plant residues dipot (m) alluvial alluvial deposit d6calcaris6 (e) leached of calcium cb- dip6t (m) de courants flu- braided stream deposit nate viaux entrelac~s d6calcificaticn (f) decalcification d5p6t (m) de mar6e tidal deposit d~calcifier tz. decalcify dp~t (m) des bas de pente colluvial deposit d~chaussement (m) frost heaving d~p6t (m) d'inondation flood deposit d~chets (m) de cuisine kitchen middens dpt (m) des riviires gla- glacial outwash d6chets (m) v~g~taux plant residues ciaires d~color6 (e) bleached dp t (m) 6olien eollan deposit d~composer to decompose dp~t (m) fluvial river deposit d~composition (f) decomposition d~p~t (M) glaciaire glacial deposit d~composition (f) du rocher rock weathering dpit (m) glaciaire stratifi6 drift d~ficience (f) deficiency d6p~t (m) lacustre lacustrine deposit d~floculation (f) deflocculation dMpOts (m) littoraux littoral deposits d~floculer to deflocculate dCpt (m) marin marine deposit

100 101 dip6t (m) morainique glacial tm dolomite () dolomite d6pression (f) depression dolomitique dolomitic d6pression (f) karstisque sinkhole doser to determine quantitatively d~sagr6ger to disintegrate (chemical) d6salinisation (f) desalinization drainage (m) drainage d~saturer (f) to desaturate drainage (m) A la charrue mole drainage description (f) description taupe d6sert (m) desert drainage (m) difficile Impeded drainage d6shydratation (f) dehydration drainage (i) interne internal drainage d~shydrater to dehydrate drainage (m) naturel soil drainage class d~sherbant (m) herbicide, weed kile, drainage (in) superficiel external drainage disinfection (f) du sol soil disinfection drain6 (e) drained d~sintCgration (f) disintegration drainer to drain d~sint6grer to disintegrate dunaire pertaining to dunes dessaler to remove salt, to deali dune (M sand dune dessication (f) desiccation durci (e) indurated, hardened d6taill6 (e) detailed durcir to indurate, to harden d6tritus (m) detritus durcissement (m) Induration, hardening d6versoir (m) spillway, outlet duret6 (f) hardness diabase (f) diabase diagnose (f) diagnosis diagnose (f) foliaire follar diagnosis diatom6es (f) diatoms diffrenci6 (e) differentiated digue (f) dike digue (f) de protection levee dilatation (f) expansion diluvien (enne) diluvial diluvium (m) dilnvium diorite (f) dlorlte dispers6 (e) dispersed disperser to disperse dispersion (f) dispersion dissoudre to dissolve distinct (e) distinct distinctement distinctly dol6rite (f) dolerite

102 103 eau (f) pelliculaire film water eau (f) potable potable water eau (f) sal~e salty water eau (f) saumtre brackish water eau (f) souterraine underground water eau (f) stagnante stagnant water eEu (f) utile available water (boulement (m) landslip Eboulie (M) ichangeable exchangeabledetritus Echange (in) des cations cation exchange Echanger to exchange uchantillon sample eau (f) buvable potable water Echantillon eau (m) carott6 core sample (f) capilaire capiary water Echantillon (m) du eau () courante sol soil sample running water Echelle (f) scale eau (f) d'acoat upstream water Ecobuage (m) burning of soil cover eau (f) de chauxt lime water cologie (f) eau (f) de constitution ecology water of costiatilo. corce () terrestre earths crust eau (f) de cristallisation water of crystallizatim Ecoulement (m) soil flow eau (f) de crue flood water Ecoulement (m) turbulent turbulent flow eau (f) de drainage drainage water Edaphique edaphic eau () de fusion melt water idaphologie () edaphology eau (f) de gravitation gravitational water effervescence (f) effervescence eau (f) d'hydratatior water of hydration efflorescence (f) efflorescence eau (f) d'inondation flood water effritement (m) crumbling eau (f) d'irrigation Irrigation water ff.riter to crumble eau (f) de mer seawater igal (e) smooth eau (f) de pluie rain water lectrode () electrode eau (f) de puits well water lectrode (f) en verre glass electrode eau (f) de robinet tap water lectropborse () elecrophoress eau (f) de ruissellenent runoff water Elet ( ) elect eau (f) disponible available water Elment (m) element eau (f) douce soft water, fresh water Eltment (m) mineur minor element eau (f) en d~crue subsiding water Elment (m) nutritif nutrient element eau (ft) hygroscopique hygroscopic water lutriation (f) elutriation eau (f) libre interstitial water, pen ww luviation (f) eluviation eau (f) min~rale mineral water encroftement (m) crust formation

104 105 encrofiter to Incrust &Wton enduit (m) (f) g~ologique geologic erosion argileux day skin &otsion (f)glaciaire glacial engorg6 (e) erosion water-logged &osion (f) marine marine erosion engorgement (m) du sol par waterlogging Ehosion (0 naturelle natural erosion 1'eau Eosion (f) par le choc des splash erosion engrais (in) fertilizer gouttes de pluie, 6rosion engrais (m)chimique chemical fertilizer escarpEpar iclaboussement(e)sep engrais (i) complet miuxed fertilizer, corf escarpei(ents(in) fertilizer escarpement (m) scarp, escarpment, bluff engrais (m)compos6 sfertiizer esker esker mixed fertilizer espace (m)vide pore engrais (m) vert green space manure esquisse p6dologique schematic soil map engraisser to fertilize, to malmo (f) enracinement (m) rooting essaiespce (m) species enraciner test, testing to root essai (m)aux acides acid test enrichissement (m) enrichment essai (m)d'engrais fertilizer trial entonnoir (m) sink-hole essai (m) 7 envasement (m) de pCn~tration penetration test silting essai (m)de pompage pumping test envaser eocene Etat (m)d'ameublissement .> eocene (m) tilth to sift up Itiage (m) low water stage of 6olien eoliancourse water­ pais (paisse) thick iuve (f) drying oven 6paisseur (f) thlckness Eaporation (f) evaporation 6pidote (f) epidote Evaporer to evaporate 6pierrement (m) clearing of stes 6pig~nie (f) Evapo-transpiration ( evapo transpiration pseudomorphsm Evolut (e) mature Epoque (f)glaciaire glacial period ivoluer to evolve, to tam 6puiser to overcrop, to deplete Evolution ( evolution 6quilibre (m) equilibrium 6rod6 (e) exfoliation ( exfollation eroded exi~rience (f test Croder to erode exploitation (f)agricole farm, farm. holding 6rosion (f) erosion exploitation (f)irrigu~e Erosion (f)acc6fe accelerated erosion exposition (f) Irrigation farming 6rosion (f)en nappe exposure sheet erosion extrait (m) de sol soil extract Erosion (f)en ravin gully erosion 6rosion (f)en rigoles rill erosion ros -)n (f)Eolienne wind erosion 6ro-'on (f)fluviale river erosion

106 107 ferreux (euse) ferrous ferrique ferric ferrugineux (euse) ferruglnous fertilite (f) fertility fertilit6 (f) du sol soil fertility fertilit6 (f) naturelle natural fertility feuillage (m) foliage feufllet6 (e) platy filtre (m) filter filtrer to filter fin (e) fine fissuration (f) facteur cracking (m) de formation soil formation factor fssure (f) crack des sols fafacteur (m) g~n~tique gee-ie factor Assurer to crack i )e fact o fixation (f) fixation, adsorption fixation (f) d'ammoniaque ammonia fixation faible faint fixation (f de 'azote nitrogen '<' fairefl un(f) essaiessfault, break fixation to test fixation (f) de potassium Potrrtasi nm fixaiofixation falaise (f) cliff famille (f) de sols fleuve (m) river soil family fleuetin) fange (f) moor floculE (e) flocculated farine () d'os bone meal floculir farine (f) de roche rock flour to flocculate farine flore (f) flora (f) glaciaire rock flour In glacial og qv faune t(f) foisonnement (m) expansion in volur fauna foisonner -e feldspath (f to increase in voly ae feldspar fonci fendre to (e) dark crack fond (m) de vall6e fente (f) crack, fissure valley floor fente f) de froid fondre to melt, to thaw frost crack fonds (m) de raie au labour plow sole fente (f) de retrait shrinkage crack forage (m) boing fer (m) Iron boring fer (m) [oxyde de ...] Iron oxide fer (m) ferreux forage (m) A ]a tariare auger boring ferrous Iron forer fer (m) ferrique ferric Iron to bore fer (m) libre forestier (forestiare) forest (adj.) free Iron foret () ferme (f) farm, firm foret (f) forest land feretE () hardpess formation () des sols soil formation 108 109 fosse (f) p foss6 (m) ditch, trench loss6 (m) de colature drainage terrace fossd (m) de drainage drainage ditch foss6 (m) d'irrigation -Irrigation ditch foss6 (M) p6dologique soil profile pit fouille (f) excavation fouille () d'emprunt borrow pit fraction (f) fraction fraction (f) argileuse day fraction fragipan (m) frqgIpan fragment (m) fragment friable friable fiabilit friability gabbro (m) gabbro fumage (m) manoring galane (f) fumer to aply farmyard galena mam galerie (f) de taupe mole run fumier (m) farmyard manure fumier (m)artificiel galet (m) cobble artificial manure gaz (m) carbonique fumure (f) manure (material carbon dioxide applied I@ gazon (m) lawn, sod, soil as a fertilizer) turf fumure (f) organique gel (m) frost organic manure gel (m) permanent futaie () high forest permafrost elke (f) frost gilivation (f) frost splitting gOnase (f) genesis ginise (f) des sols soil genesis gdographic (f) geography gfologie (f) geology gBomor~hologie (f) geomorphology germer to germinate germination (f) germination gibbsite () gibbsite gilgai (form6 de dcmes et gilgal cuvettes) gisement (m) deposit gisement (m) en couche bedded deposits Sites (in) stratifies bedded deposits glaciaire glacial glacier (m) glacier 110 111 glaise (f) Plastic clayey sonl, Mosome g- (Mn) sandstone clay gras (m) calcaire calcareous sandstone glaisiire (f) day pit gras (fin) sltaone glauconie (f) glauconite gris (e) gray glauconieux (euse) glauconitle grisctre boulder gley (m) gley rsbobule gleyifi6 (c) gleyed Prssier (e) coarse gleyification (f) gleization Grumosol (W) Grumusol glissement (m) de terrain land slide, earth l guano (i) guano glissemnent (m) du sol soil creep gumbo gumbo gluant (e) sticky gypse (in) gypsum gneiss (m) gneiss gyttja (m) gcethite (f) graphite gonfler to swell, to expand gonflement (m) du sol soil swelling gonflement (m) dfi au gel frost heaving gorg6 (e) d'esu waterlogged gorge (f) profonde canyon gradation (f) gradation gradient gradient grand groupe (m) de sols great soil group granite (m) granite graniteux (euse) granitic granitique granitic granitoYde granItold granulaire granular granule (m) granule granuler to granulate granulom~trie grain-size distribution graveleux (graveleuse) gravelly gravier (m) gravel gravier (m) grossier coarse gravel graviers (m) roul~s pea gravel gravillon (m) gravel less than 40 mm le diameter obtained by cru­ shing stones, fine gravel gravit6 ( gravity grenat (m) garnet

112 113 horizon (m) de transition transition horizon horizon (m) du sol soil horizon horizon (m) durci hard pan horizon (m) 6luvial eluvial horizon horizon (m) humifre humiferous horizon (m) illuvial iluvial horizon Hhorizonhorizon (m) marbr6 mottled horizon horizon (m) tachetl mottled horizon hornblende (f) hornblende horticole hordcultural horticulture (f) horticulture halloysite (f) haIloysite humect6 (e) damp h6matitehalophyte (f) halophyte humecter to moisten hematite humectation (f) absorbtion of water herbicide (in) herbidde, weed killer humide humid herse harrow herser humidit6 (f) du sol soil moisture to harrow humidit6 (f) moisture, humidity h6t6rog~ne heterogenous humidit6 (f) 6quivalente ht6rotrophe moisture equivalent heterotropic humification (f) humlfication homog~ne homogeneous humine (f) horizon (m) humin horizon humus (m) humus horizon A (m) A horizon humus (m) acide horizon B (m) add humus B horizon humus (m) brut mor, raw humus horizon C (m) C horizon humus (m) doux horizon D (m) mull D horizon humus (m) interm~diaire mull horizon F (m) F layer humus (m) stable horizon G (m) stable humus G horizon hydratation (f) hydration horizon H (m) H horizon (m) argileux layer hydrat6 (e) hydrated corn- clay pan hydrater to pact hydrate hydrogne (m) hydrogen horizon (m) cuirass6 hardened layer of acumula- hydrolyse (f) hydrolysis ted iron and aluminum hydrolyser oxides and hydroxides hydrom~re (m) hydrometerto hydrolyze horizon (m) d'accumulation lime pan hydrom6trique calcaire hydrometric hydromorphe hydromorphic horizon (m) d'accumulation humus enriched horizon hygromtrie humique (f) relative humidity hygrophyte (f) hygrophyte

114 115 irrigation (f) par eau de flood Irrigatlon crue dirig~e irrigation (f) par ruisselle- contour-furrow Irrigation ment irrigation (f) par ruisselle- flush Irrigation ment d'eau de crue irrigation (f) par sillon furrow Irrigation irrigation (f) p6renne perennial irrigation irrigation (f) souterraine sub-irrigation irromtre (m) irrometer

illite (f) Mite illuviation (f) illuviation !lot (m) mouilleux wet spot =, immobilisation (f) Immobilization iimperm6able impermeable, impervions imprgnation Impregnation incoherent (e) non-cohesive indice (m) climatique dimatic index indur6 (e) Indurated indurer to Indurate infiltration (f) Infiltration inondation (f) flood, overflow inond6 (e) flooded inonder to flood insatur6 (e) unsaturated insecte (m) Insect irriguer to Irrigate ion (m) Ion ion (m) ammoniaque ammonlum ion ion (m) hydrog~ne hydrogen Ion irr6gulier (irregulire) Irregular irrigation Irrigation irrigation (f) par asnersion spridker Irrlgation irrigation (f) par baw.sins basin isihgation irrigation (f) par calants border irrigation

116 117 J K

jach~re (f) fallow jaspe (m) Jasper kaolin (in) kaolin jaune yellow kaolin ( ) kaolin jaunitre yellowish kaolinisation M ka on jaunssement (m) yellowing kaolinite (f) lnolfnite jurassique (m) jurassic

118 119 ligende (f) descriptive descriptive legend Igumineuse (f) l~gume lentille (f) de glace ice lense lessivage (in) leaching lessive (sol...) soil profile in which clay has been translocated by leaching lessiv6 (e) leached lessiver to leach, translocate clay by leaching leucite (f) leucite lev6 (m) originel field sheet labile unstable lev6 (m) topographique topographic survey laboratoire (m) laboratory levee (f) levee labour (m) plowing lieu (m) location labourable arable ligne (f) de c6te coast-line labourer to plow ligne (f) de partage des eaux divide (water ...) lac (m) lake lignine (f) lignin lainelleux (euse) flaky limite ) boundary lande (f) waste-land covered w I t limite (f) de liquidit6 liquid limit scattered shrubs and gras. limit, . (f) de plasticit6 plastic limit ses, non-arable land iimuit (f) de retrait shrinkage limit lacune pore space, void limite (f) 6lastique elastic limit lagune (f) lagoon limit6 (f) inf6rieure de plas- lower plastic limit larve (f), ver (m) blanc grub ticit6 lat~risation (f) laterization limite (f) sup6rieure de plas- upper plastic limit lat6rite (f) laterite ticit6 lat~rite (f) de nappe ground water laterit lin'on (m) silt, loam lat~rite (f) alumineuse aluminous laterite limon (m) argileux clay loam lat~rite (f) caverneuse vesicular laterite limon (m) argilo-sableux silt loam lat~rite (f) gravillonnaire concretionary lateril limon (m) de mar~e tidal mud flats lat~rite (f) scoriac6e flaggy laterite limon (m) fin fine silt lat~ritique lateritic limoneux (limoneuse) silty lave (f) lava limonite (f) limonite lave (f) volcanique volcanic lava liquide (in) liquid laver to wash lisse smooth l6gende (f) legend lit (m) de cailloutis stone line

120 121 lit m) majeur area or zone cove ,r by a stream during flood oft lit (W) mineur riverbed, channel ocepled by stream during mW nowM lithologie (f) lithology lithosol (m) Hthosol lithologique lithologle lithosphare (f) lthosphere litiare () litter litiare (f) forestire itter (forest localit6 (f) location macroporosit6 (f) macroporosity loess (m) lam loi (f) macrostructure (f) macrostructure de Stokes Stokes law magn6sium (m) lombric (m) magnesium earthworm magnetite (f) magnetite lysimatre (m) lysimeter maille (f) mesh of sieve maison (f) du fermier farmhouse manganese (m) manganese manomatre (W) pressure gauge manteau (m) du sol soil mantle marais (W) marsh or swamp marais (m) c6tier tidal marsh marais (m) d'eau douce fresh water marsh marais (m) saumitre salt water marsh marbre (m) marble marbrure (f) riticul6e reticulate mottling mare (f) farm pond mar~cage (m) bog, swamp mar6cageux (mar6cageuse) swampy marigot (m) slough, old river bed or depression which fills with water during rainy season marinite (f) [cavit6 glaciaire] kettle marmorisation (f) formation of grayish and whitish Irregular bands and mottles, and reddish mottles in subsoil of sandy and silty deposits

122 123 marne (f) marl mince marneux (euse) thin marly minerai (m) de fer marnage (m) Iron ore marling marque (f) glaciaire glacial scratching minerai (m) de fer des ma- bog iron ore massif (massive) massive rais mat6riaux (m) originels parent material min6ral (m) mineral materiel (m) de d6part parent material matire (f) humique min6ral (m) des argiles hay mineral humic matter min6ral (m) lourd matiare (f) nutritive nutritive materials he2vy mineral mineral (in) primaire primary mineral mati~re (f) organique organic matter mineral (m) primitif primary mineral mati~re () r~siduelle residual material min6ral (in) secondaire secondary mineral mauvaise herbe (f) weed mauvaises terres min6ralisable mineralizable (f) badlands min6ralisation (f) biologique biological mineralization m~canique (f) du sol soil mechanics min6ralisation (f) me16 (e) mineralization mixed min6ralis6 (e) mineralized mridional m6sophyte (e) southern minraliser to mineralize (f) mesophyte min6ralogie ( mineralogy > mtamorphique metamorphic minfralogiste mineralogist mettre en culture to farm, to cultivate miocfne (m) meuble melocene mellow, soft, loose nise (f) en culture reclamation mica (m) mica mica (m) model6 (in) relief hydrat6 hydrous mica modr6 (e) micorhize mycorhiza temperate micro-climat moissonner to harvest (m) micro-climate mollasse microline (f) sandstone (soft and friable...) (m) microline monolithe microfaune (m) de sol soil monolith (O microfauna montagne (f) microflore (f) microflora mountain micro-organisme montagneux (euse) mountainous (m) micro-organism mont~e (f) capillaire mCcroporosit6 (f) microporosity capillary rise microprofil (m) microprofile monticule (m) knoll, mound, hillock micro-relief (m) micro-relief montmorillonit.' () montmorillionite microstructure () morille ( morel microstructure moraine (f micron (c) micron glacial till, moraine mcoCmmirnmorphologie moraine (O de fond ground moraine CO morphology migration (O migration morphologie (f) du sol soil morphology milieu (m) environment ino ie mosalque (f)Cs mosaicmoic milli~quivalent (m) mflHequivalent motte (f dod millimhos (m) millinihos motteux (motteuse) cloddy

124 125 moudre to grind mouiller to wet mousse (f) mowe muscovite (0 muscovite mycorhize (m) mycorhiza N

nappe (f) de gravats stone line nappe () du sol ground level nappe (f) perch6e perched water table nappe (f) phr6atique ground water nature (f) nature i aiurel Oe) natural n osol (m) young soil net (te) distinct, clear nettement distinctly, dearly neutralis6 (e) neutralized neutraliser to neutralize neutre neutral nid (m) de poule pot hole nitrate (m) nitrate nitrate (m) d'arnmoniaque ammonium nitrate nitrate (m) de chaux calum nitrate nitrate (m) du Chili Chilean nitrate, nitrate of soda nitrification (f) nitrification nitrifier to nitrify nitrobacter (m) nitrobacter nitrosomonas (0 ntrosomonas niveau (m) level niveau (m) de la mer sea level nivellement (m) levelling

126 127 nodosit6 (f) nodule nodule (m) nodule nodulaire nodular noir (e) black noiritre blackish noircissement (m) darkening nontronite (f) nontroulte non fum6 (e) unmanured non stratifi~e (e) unstratiied non us6(e) not worn, unweatbered notation (f) Munsell Munsell notation noy6 (e) waterlogged nuance (f) hue nuciforme nuclfornm, nutilke oasis (f) oasis obsidienne Mf obsidian occidental (e) western ocre () mixture of day and iron oliculture (fM oliveoxide growing

oligoc~ne (m) oligocene oligo-616ment (m) trace or minor element olivine () olivine ondulant (e) wavy ondul6 (e) undulating oolithe (m) oolite oolitLque oolidc organique organic organisme (m) organism oriental (e) eastern orientation (f) orientation orophyte (m) plant of the mountains orthose (m) orthoclase osmose () osmosis osmotique osmotic oxydation (f) oxydation oxyde (m) de fer hydrat6 hydrated Iron oxides oxyder to oxidize oxygane (m) oxigen

128 129 pidoclimat (m) soil climate p dogin~se (f) pedogenesis pedologie (f) pedology p~dologue (m) pedocgist, soil scientist p6dosphare (f) pedosphere pelouse () lawn, turf pelicule 0) film pin6plaine (f) peneplalne p~n6trabilit6 penetrability pente (f) slope percolation (f) percolation pergilisol (m) permafrost pacage (m) grazing priode (f) glaciaire glacial period paillage (m) mulching perm6abilit6 (f) permeability, perviousness pailler to mulch permeable permeable paillis (m) mulch permien (m) permian pai6osol (in) fossil soi, paleosol perte (f) loss panach6 (e) mottled perte (f) au parc (m) public feu loss on Ignition public grazing land perte (f) d'eau d'un canal seepage loss parcelle (f) plot dans le sol parcours (m) range ptrographique particule petrographic (i particle petite butte (f) mound particule (f) 6lmentaire ultimate particle peu 6volu6 (e) parties Immature pour million (ppm) parts per million (ppm) pH pH piturage (in) grazing land pH mtre (m) pfiturage (m) de grand par- range pH meter land phase (f) phase (soil ...) cours ph6nologie (f) p~turage study of annual variations of (m) permanent permanent pasture chemical, piturage (m) temporaire physical and plowable pasture biological properties piture (f) herbage piturer to pasture phosphate (m) phosphate paves (m) du d~sert desert pavement phosphate (e) phosphatic paysagepays (m) (m)accident6 rough broken landposphate landscape phosphate (m) d'ammonia- ammonium phosphate ped (m) ped que p~dalfer (f) pedalfer l~docal (m) pedocul phosphateque (m) monocalci- monocalcium phosphate phosphate (m) tricalcique tricalclum phosphate

130 131 phosphore (m) phosphorus plaques (f) rocheuses flaggy phosphore (m) 6changeable exchangeable phosphorum plasmolyse (f) plasmolysis phosphore (m) organique organic phosphorus plasticit 6 (f) plasticity photo (f) a6rienne aerial photograph plastique plastic photographie (f) photograph plat (e) flat photomontage photomaplat () lat physique (f) du sol soil physicspltaCmpatu pihmont (m) puomon plate-forme (f) continentale continental shelf piernt() c xpiedmont plitre (m) gypsum pierre (f) A chaux limestone pliistoc~ne (m) pleistocene pierre (f) a pltre gypsum pliocine pliocene Pierre ( A savon soapstone pluie (f) de sable sand storm pierre (f) fagonn6e par le ventifact pluvieux (pluvieuse) rainy vent pluviom6trie (f) annuelle annual rainfall pierre () ponce pumice stone podzol (m) podzol pierreux (m) [pierres arron- cobbly podzol (m) de nappe ground water podzol dies] podzol (m) nain dwarf podzol pifzom~tre (m) plezometer podzolique podzolic piome () pic e podzolisation (f) piochep. (m) pIck poids (m) sp6cifique specificpodzollzatlon gravity pisolithe( ) ferrugineux plage (f) beachpea iron poil (m) absorbant root hair plagioclase (m) plagioclase point (m) d'adh~sivit6 sticky point plaine (f) plain point (M) de fl6trissement wilting point plaine (f) alluviale first bottom, flood plain permanent plaine (f) basse lowland point (m) fixe bench mark plaine (f) de boue mudflat pont (m) de Wheatstone Wheatstone bridge plaine (0 de lavage outwash plain population (f) du sol soil population plaine (f) de lavage Al'aval outwash plain pore (m) pore du glacier poreux (poreuse) porous plaine (f) entaill~e dissected plain porosit6 (f) porosity plaine (f) inondable flood plain, bottom land porosit6 (f) capillaire capillary porosity plan (m) plan, map porosit6 (f) non-capillaire non-capillary porosity plan (m) d'eau water table porphyre (m) porphyry planchette (f) plane table potassium (m) potassium plante (f) indicatrice indicator plant potassium (m) pohangeableexchangeable potassium plante (f) vivace perennial plant potentiel (m) capillaire capillary planter potential to plant potentiom~tre (m) potentiometer, pH meter plantule (f) seedling poudingue pudding-stone

132 133 poudre (f) de pierre rock flour prospection ( survey poudreux (poudreuse) powdery prospection (f) de recon- reconnaissance soil survey poup~e (f) puppet (form of OW to nissance credon pimpection (f) du sol soil survey pourcentage de sodium exchangeable dl _prospection (f) systimatique detailed soil survey 6changeable centage (ESP) pwtine Wre prospection (f) volante reconnaissance soil survey pour mille (p. mille ou 0/,) per thousand protopodzol (m) pourriture dwarf podzol (f) putrefaction protozoaire m) protozoa poussi~reux (euse) dusty protuberance r ux( u ed sypammite losi (M (f) rocheuse rockmlcaeous outcrop sandstone pouvoir (m) absorbant absorbing power pseudolimon ( silt size particles composed pouvoir (m) neutralisant neutralizing power of cemented clay pouvoir (m) tampon buffer capacty pseudomycelium (m) pseudo-mycellum prairie (f) grassland leudoable () sand size particles composed prairie .(f) artificielle temporary pasture of clay and silt particles prairie (f) naturelle prairie cemented together pr Mpuits (M) water well . precipitation (f) predpitation putt (m) artsien artesian well pr6cipitations (f) annuelles annual rainfall pulvirulent (e) powdery pr~cipiter to precipitate purin (m) liquid manure prElvement (m) des sols soil sampling purfaction (m) putrefaction pr6s-bois forest-pasture pyri f () pyrite pr6sol (in) regosol, lthool pyroxane (i) pyroxene pression (f) d'eau head of water pression (f) osmotique osmotic pressure prismatique prismatic processus (m) process productivit6 (f) productivity produit (m) chimique chemical (noun) profil (m) profile profil (m) anormal abnormal profile proffi (m) hydrique moisture profile profil (m) normal normal profile profondeur (f) du sol soil depth propridtaire (m) foncier landowner propri6t6s ( culturales workability (of ol) propri6t6s (f physiques physical properties

134 135 Q R

quartz (in) quartz quartzite (m) quarizite racine () root quaternaire (m) quaternary racine (f) fascicul6e fibrous root racine (f) pivotante tap root raneau (m) branch (of tree) rangie (f) de pierres stone line rapport (m) carbone-azote carbon-nitrogen ratio rapport (m) d'absorption du sodium absorption ratio sodium (SAR) rapport (in) engrais fertilizer formula, fertilizer analysis ravin (m) gully ravinS (e) dissected ravinement (m) gully erosion rayons-x (m) x-rays rfaction (f) du sol soil reaction reboisement (m) reforestation recherche (f) research r&if (m) corallien coral reef rtcolte (f) harvest ricolter to harvest riducteur (m) reducing (lack of oxygen) rtducteur (rductrice) reducing r6duction (f) des nitrates nitrate reduction rigime (m) hydrique moisture regime rigion (f) region

136 137 region (f) aride add zone Regosol (m) Regosol roche (f)f) ignieruptive Igneous rock r6gur reubak uit"lroche (f) ign~z Igneous rock regrrll biack, (o relief (m) krief roche (f) fraiche inalt6re fresh rock relief roche-mre (f) parent rock (i) karstique roche (f) relief (m) normal m6tamorphique metamorphic rock normal relief roche U) meuble friable rock remanieinent (mn) disturbance oh(fmeb rileoc remblai (me fin) emanmen roche (f) profonde bedrock remionter roche (f) sdimentaire sedimentary rock rendement (i) to rise, to reescend roche (f) sous-jacente underlying rock rendzine () yield roche (f) volcanique volcanic rock rendin (f) r~partition () distributionrendzlna roches (f) arnorphes amorphous rocks roches (f) cristallines crystalline rocks rep~re (m) de nivellement levolling rod reserve (f) d'eau water supply roMtrerongeur (i) pintihrodent reserve (f) min6rale mineral reserve rose pink rservoir (in) reservoir rouge red reservoir (M) de la ferme farm pond rougeitre reddish ressource naturelle (f) natural resource rouille (f) resistivit6 (f) 6lectrique rust electrical resiwstace rubfaction (f) r~ticul6 (e) reticulate rubefler retrait (m), retrecisnement shrinkage to rubefy ruisselement (m) runoff (M) ruisseler to ran off r~trogradation (f) fixation rhizobiuin (m) rhizoblum rhizosph~re (f) rhizosphere rigole (f) due A la pluie rill rive (f) bank, shore rivi~re (f) river riziculture (f) rice growing rizi~res (f) rice lands roche (f) rock roche (f) acide acid rock roche (f) alteree weathered rock roche (f) basique basic rock roche (f) .,nsolid~e consolidated rocl roche ) cristalline crystalline rock roche (f) en place bedrock

138 139 salinit (f) du sol soil salinity maptre (m) saltbeter saltation (f) saltation maponite ) saponite sapropel .(m) sapropel marclage (M) cultivation saturation (f) du sol par l'eau waterlogging saturation () en bases base saturation saturation (f) en cations du degree of cation saturadon sol (degr6 de...) satur6 (e) waterlogged or saturated saturer to saturate sable (m) sand saumtre brackish sa!ble (m) boulant quick sand savane (f) savanna sable (m) de couverture cover sand schiste (m) schist sable (m) fin (0,02, A 0,2 fine sand (0.1 - 0.2S Mm schiste (m) friable arenaceous shale mm) diameter) schistes (m) verts greenstone sable (m) flottant quick sand schiste (m) micac6 micaceous schist sable (m) grossier (0,2 i 2 coarse sand (1.0 - 0.5 an scories (f) de d~phosphora- basic slag, Thomas phos­ mm) diameter) tion phate sable (m) glauconieux glauconilc sand sch6 (e) dried sable (m) lessiv6 bleached sand sch6 (e) A I'air air-dry, air-dried sable (m) limono-argileux aandy loam sc :a (e) A 1'6tuve oven-dried sable (m) limoneux loamy sand sicher to dry sable (m) mobile shifting sand scheresse (f) drought, aridity sable (m) quartzeux quartz sand scheresse (f) physiologique physiological drought sable (m) siliceux siliceous sand, quartz mmd secoueur (m) shaker sable (m) vaseux muddy sand sidiment (m) sediment sable (m) vert greensand ohdimentaire sedimentary sableux (sableuse) sandy sidimentation (f) sedimentation sablonneux (sablonneuse) coarse sandy semelle (f) de labour plowpan saison (f) de croissance growing season semer to seed, to sow saison (f) pluvieuse rainy season semis (m) seed-bed saison (f) s~che dry season semi-aride semi-arid sale dirty septentrionalu (e) northern sal6 (e) saaty skrie () de sols )USA) soil series salinisation (f) sallnlzation serpentine (f) serpentine

140 141 sesquioxyde (m) esquloxyde save aol (m) brun sub-aride brown (steppe) soil (f) sap t (m) brun sub-aride siccatif (siccative) drying non-caldc brown soil siccit6 (non calcaire) (f) dryaess sol (m) calcaire science (f) du sol soil science calcareous soil, llmy soil sol (in) calcimorphe cal'- irphlc soil silex (m) flint, chert gt (m) chitain cohesive soil silex (m) (A...) cherty sol (m)coh6rent silicate silca chestnut soil Sol (m) colluvial soil developed silice (f) silicate In colluviunm siliceux (siliceuse) sol (m) congelM frozen soil siliceous sol (m) crayeux chalky siliium (m) silicon soil sol (m) de desert desert soil sillon (m) furrow sineux (sineuse) sol (m) de marais bog soil wavy sol (m) de montagne mountain socle (m) hardpan soil (obsolete) sol (m) de prairie alpine alpine meadow soil sodium (m) sodium sodium (m) sol (m) de toundra tundra soil changeable exchangeable sodium sol (m) de transition sol (m) transition soil soil sol (m) d6cap6 --- sol truncated soil (in) AC AC soil sol (m) dunaire sol (m) AL6Acali (avec N A dune soil alkall soil sol (m) en formation young inchangeable) soil sol (m) enterr6 buried soil sol (m) A grain fin fine grained soil aol (m) ferrugineux tropi- gray ferruginous soil sol (m) A profil BC BC soil sol (m) cal lessiv6 acide acid soil sol (m) fondu sol (m) alcalin alkaline puddled soil soil sol ,(m) fossile fossil soil sol (m) alluvial alluvial soil sol '(m) glaciaire glacial soil (obsolete) sol (m) A gley gley soil sol sol (m) graveleux gravelly soil (m) antbropique anthroplc soil sol (m) sol gris forestier gray wooded soil (m) A sous-sol dur planosol so] (m) sol (m) argileux halomorphe salty soil day soil sol (m) humif~re A gley sol (m) azonal azonal soil humic-gley soil sol (in) hydromoiphique ou hydromorphic soil sol (m) basique alkaline soil sol (m) hydromorphe beige lat6ritique yellowish brown laterftlc oll sol (m) impermeable sol (m) bien tamponn6 Impermeable soil well buffered soil sol (m) inorganique inorganic sol (m) brun brown soil forest soil sol (m) intrazonal intrazonal soil sol (in) brun-rouge faddish brown (steppe) toll sols (m) jaunes podzoliques yellow podzolle sol (m) brun lessiv6 soils gray brown podzol sole Sol (m) jeune young sol (m) brun podzolique soil brown podzolc soil sol (m) lat~ritique latosol

142 143 sol (m) l6ger light sol (Obsole ) sol (m) susceptible A l'iro- arodblh soil sol (m) lessiv leached soil sion sol m) lourd heavy soil (obsoleft) sol (m)nylvestre forest soil sol (m) marneux marly soil sj () taurbeux peaty soil ol (m) mince shallow soil sol (m) tourbeux de foret woody peat soil sol (m) mineral mineral sol Sol (m) tronqu6 dtwoy at son sol (f) mIr mature soil sol (m)zonal zonal soil sol (m)neutre neutral soil solif(uction Mo) solifuction sol (m) noir tropical grumosol sal ization M sotilization sol (m) normal normal soil Solonchak (i) Solodchaio sol (m) organique organic soil, muck Aol ph. Solonetz (m) Solonetz togenic soil Solonetz (m)solodis6 solodized Solonetz sol (m)pauvre, sol (m)mai- thin unproductive ral Soloth (m) Soloth gre solubiliser to render soluble sol (m)perm6able permeable. soil solum (m) solum sol (m) peu 6volu6 Immature soil solution (f)du sol soil solution sol (m) pierreux stony sol soammet (m) summit sol (m)plAtreux gypsiferous soil sndage (m) boring sol (m) productif productive soil sonde (f) Apiston piston sampler sol (m)relique relic soil sonde (f)dynamom6trique soil penetrometer sol (m) r~iduel residual sol (obsolete) sonde (f)p~dologique soil sampler, soil auger sonder to bore sol (m) riche fertile soil soude (f sodium carbonate sol (m) rocheux rocky soil soude (f)borat6e borax sol (m)rouge d6sertique red desert soil soude (f)caustique sodium hydroxide sol (m)rouge lat~ritique reddish brown lateritic mil soufre (m) sulfur sol (m)rouge non lat~ritis6 non-laterized red earth source (f) spring so. (m)rouge podzolique red podzotic soil sous-surface (f) subsurface sol (m) sal6 salty soil sous-sol (m) subsoil sol (m) salin salty soil sous-solage subsoiling sol (m)salin A alcalis saline-alkali soil sph~rique spherical sol (m) satur6 saturated soil spongieux (spongieuse) spongy sol (m) siliceux siliceous soil squelette (m) skeleton sol (m) sodique sodic soil stabilisation (Mdu sol soil stabilization sol (m) solodis6 solodized soil stable stable sol (m) sous-jacent subsoil stagnante (e) stagnant sol (m) squelettique Uthosol station (f)exp6rimentale experiment station 144 145

is statistiques (f) statistics suriace (f) d'Erosion erosion surface steppisation (f) turning Into steppe sur place n place (In situ) stratification (f) stratification surface (f) sp6cifique du sol specific surface stratifi6 (e) stratified suspension (f) suspension stratifier to stratify syknite (f) syenite strontium (m) strontium sylviculture (f) forestry structure (f) colonnaire columnar structure symbiose (f) symbiosis structure (f) du sol soil structure symbiotique symbiotic structure (f) en nid d'abeil- honey combed struetmt symbole symbol les syst~me (m) system structure (f) feuillet~e platy structure syst~me (m) d'irrigation Irrigation system structure (f) fissur e soil with cracks due to s . syst~me (m) des cultures cropping system kage systame (m) radiculaire root system structure (f) grumeleuse granular structure stracture (f) granulaire crumb structure structure (f) lamellaire platy structure structure (f) monogranulai- single-grain structure re structure (f) particulaire structureless, single gralm or massive structure (f) poly6drique blocky structure structure (f) poly6drique an- angular blocky structure gulaire structure (f) polydrique su- sub-angular blocky stucture bangulaire structure (f) prismatique prismatic structure substrat (m) substrate succion (f) du sol soil suction sulfate (m) sulfate sulfate (m) d'ammoniaque ammonium sulfate sulfate (m) de fer Iron sulfate sulfate (m) de magn~sie magnesium sulfate sulfate (m) de potassium potsdum sulfate superficie (f) area superficie (f) en acre acreage superphosphate (m) superphosphate surchaulage (m) overlinmng

146 147 tension (f) normale normal strew tensiomitre (m) tensiometer termite (m) termite termitiare (f) termite mound terra (f) Rossa Terra Rossa terrain (m) land, ground terrain (m) ilev6 upland terrains (m) incultes waste land terrain (m) vierge virgin land terrasse (f) terrace terrasse (f) alluviale alluvial terrace terrasse (f) en pente graded terrace tache (f) spot, mottle terrasse () fluviatile river terrace tache (f) alealine slik spot terrasse (f) horizontale level terrace tache (f) mouilleuse wet spot terrasse (f) inffrieure second bottom or first ter­ tache (f) noire black spot race nachet6 (e) mottled terrasse (f) magnum broad base terrt.e talc (m) talc terrasse (f) marine marine terrace talus (m) d'6rosion slope wash terrasse (f) nivel6e level terrace tamis (m) sieve, screen terre (f) land or earth tamisage (m) sieving terre (f) A brique adobe soil tamiser to sieve, to screen terre (f) A diatomes diatomaceons earth tampon (m) buffer terre (f) A foulon fuller's earth tamponnement (m) buffering terre (f) piturage axazing land tamponner to buffer terre (f) A remblai fin son tari~re (f) helical auger terre (f) calcaire calcareous earth tass6 (sol...) compacted soil terre (f) cultiv6e cultivated land, ted land tassement (rn) compaction terre (f) de bruyare heather land tasser to compact terre (f) d6frich6e cleared land temp6rature (f) temperature terre (f) de marais bog soil temn te (f) de poussi~re dust storm terre (f) en friche idle land, cropped In near temps (m) tener conentPasttime, age, weather (f teneur (f) content terre (f) en jachare fallow land teneur () en eau water content, mobture o terre ) fine fine earth tent terre (f) franche mellow soil tension (f) tension terre (f) inculte wasteland tension (f) de l'eau du sol soil moisture tension trre (f) labour~e plowed land 148 149 terre (f) marneuse marly NoRa tout US6 (e) worn out Terre (f) Noire Black Earth traitement (m) treatment terre (f) rapport~e made land tranch6e (f) cut terre (f) sableuse sandy land tranch6e (f) ouverte open cut terre (f) tardive late sonl transformations (f) biologi- biological Interchange terre (f) vague, terre (f) in- waste lbd ques culte transform6 (e) altered transpiration (f) transpiration terre (U)v~getale horizon contaiing Imus, transport (in) transportation topsoil travertin (m) travertine terre (f) vierge virgin land trias (m) triassic terres (f) argileuses clayey soils troncature (f) truncation terres (f) exploit6es land In farms tronqu6 (e) truncated terres (f) labourables cropland, arable land tronquer to truncate terres (f) r6colt~es harvested cropland trou (m) hole terres (f) rizicoles ricelands trousse (f) colorim6trique pH kIt tertiaire (in) tertiary tube (m) piezom6trique observation well texture (f) du sol soil texture tubercule (m) tuber texture (f) fine fine texture tuf (in) tuff texture (f) grossiare coarse texture tuf (in) calcaire calcareous tuff texture (f) lourde heavy texture (obsolete) tuf (m) volcanique volcanic tuft texture (f) moyenne medium texture type (m) type tirs tins type (m) de aol soil type titrer to titrate tjle permafrost topographie (f) topography toundra (f) tundra toundra (f) s~che dry tundra tourbe peat tourbe (0 acide add peat tourbe (f) alcaline alkaline peat tourbe (f) fibreuse fibrous peat tourbe (f) ligneuse woody peat tourbeux (tourbeuse) peaty tourbi~re (f) peat bog tourbillon (m) whhrlwind tourmaline (f) tourmaline tournesol (m) litmus

150 151 U V

unit6 (f) cartographique map unit valise (f) valley unit6 (f) de classification mapping unit valle urbain (e) (f) glaciaire glacial valley urban vallonn6 (e)., rolling ur6e (f) urea with many valleys us6 vase (f) mud, ooze (e) worn vaseux (euse) - us6 (e) par muddy les intemp6ries weathered v~g~tation (f) user par le vegetation frottement to abrade v~g6tation (r) climacique utilisation (f) des sols climax vegetation land use ver (m) worm ver (m) de terre earthworm verdftre greenish verger (m) orchard vermiculite (f) vermiculite vernis (m) du d6sert desert varnish vert (e) green vide (m) void vie (f) sauvage wild life vignoble (in) vineyard viscosit6 (f) viscosity viticulture (f) vine growing vocation (f) des sols land -use suitability (inclu­ ding economic and social factors) volcan (m) volcano volume (m) des pores pore space

152 153 x Z

x6rophyte (m) xerophite zinc (m) zinc zircon (m) zircon zone (f) des racines root zone zone (f) foresti~re forest zone

154 155 200 SELECTED ENGLISH VERBS FREQUENTLY USED IN SOIL SCIENCE, AND FRENCH EQUIVALENTS

200 VERBES FRAN4;AIS FRIQQEMMENT EMPLOYES EN P13DOLOGIE

Almndon Abandonner Absorb Absorber Accelerate Acclrer, presser, s'acc6l6rer Accentuate Accentuer Accumulate Accumuler, s'accumuler Acidify Acidifier, s'acidifier Adhere Adh6rer, se coller Adsorp Adsorber Aerate Airer, gaz6ifler Aregate Agr~ger, Alter Modifier, rassembler,changer de s'agr6ger Alternate Se succider, faire alterner Amass Amasser Ameliorate Am6licrer, s'am6liorer Analyze Analyser Apply Appliquer Ascertain Constater, s'inforner, s'assurer Augment Augmenter, accroitre, s'accr-ottre

157 Bare Mettre I nu, d~nuder, d6.auer iecoMpoM DIcomposer Blend Mler, joindre, m6langer Deepen Appzofondir, creuser, s'approfondir Buffer Tamponner Degrade Degrader Burn Brifler Delineate Tracer, d6crire, dessiner 'Bury Enterrer, inhumer, ensevelir Denude d6nuder, mettre A nu Deposit d6poser, poser Depress Abaisser, d6courager, oppresser Cake Former une crofite, s'agglutiner, Designate Designer, nommer, appeler concriter Determine Dterminer, fixer, d61imiter, Calculate Calculer, 6valuer Develop D6velopper, exploiter, mettre en Change Changer, modifier valeur, se d6velopper Characterize Caract6riser Differenlate Diff6rencier Circulate Circuler, rouler Dig B&her, creuser, percer Classify classifier Discharge Dcharger Clear Eclaircir, d6gager, d~fricher Discover D6couvrir, trouver Cling S'attacher, s'accrocher, se cramponner Disperse Disperser, 6parpiller Collate Collationner Dispose Disposer, arranger Combine Combiner, s'unir, s'associer Dissociate Compare Dissocier, se dissocier Comparer, rapprocher Dissolve Dissoudre, se dissoudre, faire dis­ Comprise Comprendre, contenir soudre Compute Computer, calculer, 6valuer Distend Dilater, gonfler Conceive Concevoir, s'imaginer Diveislfy Diversifler, varier Concentrate Concentrer, se concentrer Dominate Dominer Condition Conditionner Drag Trainer, tirer, entrainer Confirm Assurer, confirmer, corroborer Drain Evacuer, s'6couler, faire 6couler Consolidate Consolider, cimenter, unir Draw Tirer Constitute Constituer Dry S~cher, s'vaporer, faire ivaporer Convert Convertir, transformer, changer Crack Se fissurer, se fendre Create Crer, faire naitre Encrust Incruster, encrofiter, s'encroflter Cultivate Cultiver, exploiter Endure Supporter, endurer Curb R~prizer, r~fr~ner, brider Engulf Engloutir, engouffrer Enlarge Agrandir, accroitre, augmenter Enrich Enrichir, fertiliser Deaden Amortir, 6touffer Essay Essayer Debase Avilir, ravaler, d6grader Estblish Confirmer, 6tablir, crier Decalcify D6calcifier Evaporate Evaporer, s'6vaporer

158 159 Evolve D6rouler, d6velopper, 6voh. Incorporate Excavate Excaver, creuser, fouiller Iucgrmee Inctrporer, m eler Exchange Echanger, s'&hanger Incrase Augmenter, s'augmenter, grandir Exert Employer, exercer, se remuer Iireler Expand Dilater, se dilater, se d6velopper, Inuate Gonfler 6tendre Imsent e Influencer Experiment Exp6rimenter Exploit Exploiter InterchangeIntegrate Echanger,Int6grer, completers'interchanger Expose Expositer Interpolate Extract Interpoler Extraire, tirer Intervene Intervenir, s'interposer Investigate Examiner, 6tudier Irnigte Irniguer, arroser Farm Cultiver, exploiter, affermer Feed Nourrir, alimenter Fill Remplir, emplir Leach Lessiver Filter Filtrer, purer, s~parer Lessen Diminuer, s'amoindrir, ralentir Fissure Fissurer, fendre, crevasser, se fissurer Flocculate Liberate Librer Flocculer, se flocculer Localize Localiser Freeze Geler, se congeler Furnish Fournir, presenter, offrir Manure Fumer, engraisser Generalize G~n6raliser, populariser Mark Marquer Gorge Gorger, se gorger Mask Masquer Group Grouper, se grouper Grow Cultiver, crotre, pousser Measure Mesurer MineralizeMelt Min~raliser Fondre Adz M6Ier, m6langer Hal Gr~ler Mobten Humecter, mouiller, humidifier Hzrden Durcir, endurcir, indurer, se durcir Harvest Moissonner, r6colter Hinder Gener, embarrasser, retarder Neutralize Hydrate Neutraliser Hydrater Nourish Nourrh-, alimenter Hydrolyze Hydrolyser Identify Identifier, 6tablir Obstruct Obstruer, ,-'Wbarrasser Impede Impoverish Appauvrir,Emp~cher, entraver, gener Occur Avoir lieu, wriver, se presenter amaigir Order Arranger, ranger, commander Overflow pIborder 160 161 U Overheat Surchauffer dtmuaite StImuer Oxidize Oxyder, s'cxyder Strew Jeter, 6parpiller Suit Accommoder, adapter Suspersede Remplacer, supplanter Parch BrOler, sher, dess6cher, se dessdcher Survey Regarder, inspecter, contempler Penetrate Nn6trer, percer Sustain Soutenir, supporter Percolate S'infiltrer Swell Gonfler, enflar, se gonfler Plant Planter, semer Precipitate Pr6cipiter, se pr6cipiter Produce Presenter, produire, provoquer Test Tester, 6prouver, mettre A l'essai, Promote Promouvoir essayer Provoke Provoquer, pousser, exciter ThickenThaw Epaissir,D ygeler, s'6paissirse d6geler Thrust Pousser, enfoncer

Reabsorb R6absorber Tltrate Titrer, doser Realize R6aliser Tolerate Tolfrer Reap Moissonner Trace Tracer Reascend Remonter Transform Transformer Reclaim Mettre en valeur, d6fricher ou ass- Transpire Transpirer cher Transport Transporter Reconstitute Reconstituer Truncate Tronquer Replace Replacer, remettre, remplacer Resist R6sister Retain Retenir, maintenir Uncover I3couvrir, d6voiler Rise Se lever, lever Utlie Utiliser Rubefy Rub6fier Vary Varier, diversifier, changer Saturate Saturer, imbiber Verify Vrifier, contr61er Scatter Disperser, dissiper, 6parpiller Separate S~parer, d6sunir Waste D6vaster, ravager, gaspiller, se perdre Settle Etablir, installer, coloniser Water Arroser Shelter Abriter Weather Altrer Sieve Passer au tamis, tamiser Wilt Se fl~trir, fl6trir Sink Tomber au fond Withstand R6sister I Snow Neiger Sow Semer, ensemencer Split Fendre Yield Rendre, donner, produire 162 163 200 VERBES FRANCAIS FRIQUEMMENT EMPLOY13S EN P1.DOLOGIE

200 SELECTED FRENCH VERBS FREQUENTLY USED IN SOIL SCIENCE AND ENGLISH EQUIVALENTS

Abaisser To lower, to pull down S'abaisser To go down Abandonner To abandon, to forsake, to desext Absorber To absorb, to Imbibe Acidifier To acidify Acc~l6rer To accelerate, to quicken, to hasten Accroitre To increase, to enlMge, to amplify S'accroltre To Increase, to grow Accumuler To accumulate, to amass S'accumuler To accumulate, to Increase Adh6rer To adhere, to cling, to hold Absorber To adsorb Afrer To aerate, to ventilate Agr6ger To aggregate Alimenter To feed, to nourish Alt6rer To Impair, to alter for the worse Anrn6lorer To ameliorate, to Improve Aplanir To level, to smooth, to make even Alppauvrir To impoverish Appliquer To aSlMy

165 Apporter To bring, to furnish, to supply Se d6calcifler To become decalcified Approfondir To deepen, to Investigate DNcomposer To decompose, to distort S'approfondir To become deeper Se d6composer To become decomposed, to decom­ Arroser To water pose Attaquer To attack, to assail D6couvrir To discover, to uncover, to expose D6fricher To dear, to reclaim I3nuder To denude, to bare Brftler To burn DIplacer To displace, to remove, to move Dsaturer To desaturate D6shydrater To dehydrate Cacher To hide, to conceal, to mask Dessaler To remove salt, to desalt Caract6riser To characterize, to describe Dess6cher To dry up, to parch Casser To break, to shatter Se dess6cher To become dry, to dry up Causer To cause, to be the cause of D6velopper To develop Chauler To lime, to whitewash Diff6rencier To distinguish, to make a difference, Circuler To circulate to differentiate Cla3ser To class, to classify Diluer To dilute Combler To fill up, to fill In Diminuer To diminish, to lessen, to reduce Se comporter To behave, to act Disperser To disperse, to scatter Comprendre To include, to comprise Se disperser To be dispersed Concentrer To concentrate, to repress Dissoudre To dissolve, to break up, to dissipate Se concentrer To concentrate Dominer To dominate, to control Conditionner To condition, to put In good condi- Doser To analyze chemically tion Drainer To drain Consolider To consolidate, to grow firm Durcir To harden, to make hard Constater To verify, to prove, to ascertain Se durcir To become hard, to harden Constituer To constitute, to form, to compose Durer To last, to endure, to continue Contenir To contain, to hold, to comprise Couvrir To cover Cr er To cvte tEbouler Crotre To sink, to fail in, to fall down To grow Echanger Cultiver To cnltivate To exchange, to interchange Emp~cherEclater To split, to burst, to break In pieces To prevent, to hinder, to impede Encrofiter To encrust, to cake D6blayer To clear away, to clear S'encroater To become encrusted I6boiser To clear of trees F-.ftuncer To thrust, to sink, to drive down D6border To overflow, to run over Enfouir To bury, to cover with earth D6calcifler To decalcify S'engorger To be obstructed, to be congested

166 167 Engraisser To manure, to enrich Hers r To h.r..w Enrichir To enrich, to enlarge Humecter To damp, to moisten Ensevelir To bury, to swallow up, to engulf S'humecter To become damp, to become moist Entrainer To carry away, to drag along, to Hydrater To hydrate transport S'hydrater To become hydrated Epaissir To thicken, to make thicker S'6paissir To become thick, to grow thicker Epandre To scatter, to strew S'infiltrer To Infiltrate, to percolate Epuiser To exhaust, to use up, to wear out Insolubiliser To render Insoluble Eroder To erode S'insolubiliser To become Insoluble Essayer To try, to make a trial, to essay Int6grer To ntegratz- Evaporer To evaporate Intervenir To Intervene, to Interfere S'6vaporer To evaporate Irriguer To Irrigate Evoluer To evrlve, to turn Exiger To require, to exact, to demand Exp6rimenter To experiment, to test Labourer To plow Exploiter To exploit Lib6rer To liberate, to free, to dischage Lier To fasten, to ie, to join Faonner To fashion, to form, to make Lessiver To leach Favoriser To favor, to aid, to promote Localiser To localize, to locate Fissurer To fissure, to split, to crack Se fissurer To become fissured, to crack FI6trir -To fade, to wilt M6langer To mL., to mingle, to blend Se fl6trir To become wilted M6ler T, mix, to mingle, to blend Floculer To flocculate Mesurer To measure, to calculate Foisonner To expand, to increase In volume Min6raliser To mineralize Fondre To melt, to thaw Se min6raliser To become mineralized Se fondre To melt, to dissolve Modifier To modify, to change, to alter Fossiliser To become fossilized Se modifier To become modified Freiner To brake, to apply the brake Moissor.ir To harvest

Geler To freeze Neiger To snow Gfiner To hinder, to bother Neutraliser To neutralize Gonfler To expand, to lnfla'e, to distend Se gonfler To swell, to be swollen Gorger To stuff, to gorge Oxyder To oxidize Griler To hall S'oxyder To become oxidized

1AR 169 Pindtrer To penetrate, to pierce, to go through Solubiliser To render soluble Planter To plant, to set up Soutenir To hold up, to support, to sustain Pleuvoir To rain Stimuler To stimulate Polymriser To polymerize Stocker To stock, to store Se polym6riser To become polymerized Stopper To stop Pousser To push, to thrust, to grow Subir To sustain, to undergo, to submit Pratiquer To practice, to employ, to use Pr6cipiter To precipitate, to hasten, to accelerate Pr6ciser To specify, to state precisely Tamiser To sieve Priconiser To commend, to advocate Tamponner To buffer Pr6lever To take, to cut off, to deduct Tasser To compress, to pEck Pr6voir To foresee, to anticipate, to forecal Se tasser To sink, to settle Produire To produce, to yield, to bring forth Tirer To draw, tc, p.-I, to drag Se produire To occur, to happen Titrer To titrate Prot6ger To protect, to shelter, to screen Tolrer To tolerate, to allow Provoquer To provoke, to Incite Tracer To trace, to draw, to delineate Puiser To drw,to take, to fetch up Transformer To transform, to change, to convert Se transformer To be transformed, to transform It­ self Rapporter To bring back Transpirer To transpire, to exhale R6absorber To reabsorb Tronquer To truncate Rechercher To seek again, to Investigate R6colter To reap, to harvest, to gather in Recouvrir To cover again, to cover over Utiliser To utlize, to find foL Riduire To reduce, to diminish Se r~duire To be reduced Rhumecter To remoisten Varier To vary, to change, to diversify Remonter To reascend, to rise, to rise again Remplacer To take the place of, to supersede Remplir T41 ill Renseigner To Inform, to teach Risister To resist, to wlthsthid Retenir To retain, to hold back, to curb RubAfler To rubefy

Saturer To saturate Semer To sow, to scatter S6pater To separate

170 BIBLIOGRAPIIE

Auo, Paul : Larousse du XX" Si~cle en 6 volumes, Librairie Larousse, 13 h 21, rue Montparnasse, Paris, France. HANSCH, D., GUNTHER and HABRKAMP, Gisela : Dictionary of Agriculture : German - English - French - Spanish, La Maison Rustique, 26, rue Jacob, Paris, France, 1959. JAcKs, G. V., TAVERNER R., and BOALCH, Vocabulary D. H. : Multilingual of Soil Science, Agriculture Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy, 1960. Loznr, Jean : Dictionnaire de Pdologie, Ministare des Colonies, Direction de l'Agriculture, Bruxelles, Belgique, 1956. MAsoN, J. E. : Harrap's Standard French and English tionaiy Dic­ (2 vol.), George G. Harrap and Co. Ltd., 182 High Holborn, London, W.C. 1, England, 1947. PLAisACE, Georges et CAILLEux, Andr6 : Dictionnaire Sols, des La Maison Rustique, 26, rue Jacob, Paris, France, 1958.