Pelasgians Ancient Forgotten People

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Pelasgians Ancient Forgotten People Pelasgians ancient forgotten people. Dardanus was son of Samotrakës (according Samon elctra and zeus of Thrace), a remain part according to mythology of dardanians which ,electra was daughter of stayed in Arkadia ,Dardanus atlas and atlas was son appointed king his son of japhet.According to Deimas.From Samothrakes the bible japeth was son then a part of od Noah which survive dardanians emigrated to with his brothers Sam Asia Minor where he and Ham and it is established new settlements supossed that from japhet because they knew very well was created europians. the wall-builder craft, Dardanus was founder of while Lasioni was hit by ancient dardanians. lightning in the island After the flod of Ohrid Samotrakës from Zeus lake Dardanus went to because he wanted to have Arcadia and appointed his relations with son name Idaeusit to role Dhemetrën.Dardani as leader in this region. Dionysius of his colony on the of Halicarnassus (I 61.62) Hellespont went Idea son says that the first found a desolate land in residence of Dardanians was Asia minor that later was Arkadia, which ruled called Frigia, and called together Dardanus and his Mount Ida (i-gave road). old brother Lasion ,who Some of these dardanians came after the Atlas son of continued their pilgrimage Noah because Atlas was to Asia, why is not casual first king of that Indian priests say Arcadia,According to Alexander the Great that Gyseppe Catapano which you are the third coming decifered egyptyan papirus from there because before ancient pelasgians was him, Dardanians with from atlantidaand then Carians had peregrinate they spread elong the to India this thing mediteran . Dardanus underscores the great married the daughter of Aristidh Kola, so up there Palashit (tribe of the flow we find traces of the of Palestinians today) Dardans.In Troy Dardan Chrysen and had two sons was expected by the Idaeusi , Mount Ida take Troyan king, Teucer who his name in Asia Minor and gave his daughter Batean Deimas.When occurred a ,because Palas daughter surge in Lake Ohrid and was died to Prespa ,most of Dardanians Dardan.Erikthion was born fled to the island of with Batea Kingdom ,so he was most happy men belongs to the people of because he inherit the Homer nor immemorial kingdom of both Dardan pellazgjëve.Prandaj and troyan king mentions some "Greeks" in Teucer.King Teucer thought the Iliad and Odisenë according to Athenian because they s'egzistonin. historian Fanodem was bashkëkohanikët called from Attica. Theukri was Homer as his "Oh" the blind glad, they had come because man who left fame in the the country was fertile history of European with few people .Trosi was civilization, Homer was not Erikthion son,the city of Greek but his tongue was Troya takes the name from the labi Today, even the Tros and the people of Troy heroes of "Iliadës" and was called by his name "Odisesë" were not Greek, Troyans ,and Son of Tros they had the blood of our Ilion was founder of ancestors Pelasgians, but legendary Troya..Në Frigia also established the Trojan he participated in war from ancient Darbar, competitions to Frigjët was not a war between the pellazge, but all Ilioni Trojan and Greek, but was defeated, and the king "ndërpellazgjike war" granted Frigjëve of 50 boys between pellazge tribes and 50 girls and gave a cow living in north and south. laramane, and dote on the Etnonimi "Greek" was not place where it will stop mentioned at all by the cow start Ilioni dardan ancient writers, it was the glamorous city of legendary invention of the Romans Troy. This is the glorious they mistakenly called history of ancient Hellenistic graicoi, Dardanians who founded Troy because in Epirus ruled and "Greek" today is a matriarkati or womens , historical fiction that are because there was no not mentioned at all by ancient Greek tribe or ancient historians, village where the people therefore, all mixed up lived, so "Graicoi" with errors historians Aristotle linked with Herodotus and Aristotle, Helens who made a mistake the first think that Helens because Homer mentions the are special people because "women-woman" because of it varies by race and the matriarchal system that language connects Aristotle to Illyrian-pellazgjet, mistakenly Graicoi Helena hence the major decision- with so today we have the making powers that are Greeks invented history being shaped by Aristotle which is a fiction, because founded heleno-Greek all the ancient glory ideology which lies at the core of the modern Greek this period wrote a large state, even though all the number of minds on the dignitaries who visited brightest of that time as Greece and the Greek Herodotus, Hesiodi, Strabo, revulucionit Peloponnese Tukididi, all these were (Morea), Attica, Eube, Homeri.Të when talking Beoti, Thesali, Chameria about Pelasgians but were speak Albanian, but major confused about their powers put on the agenda origin, especially Greeks, Aristotelian myth and Romans perzmadhuan still Greece established a 100% mistake that the Greeks Greek language so-called called Graecoi in order to artificial languages that pavetëdishme, greqishjta Koine became and during the conflict Ptolomeut commandment, that between Sparta and Athens politically the idea went some mythology to show Aristeas The superiority of Sparta to institucionalizoi Athinasve pellazge. Arvanitasit Elifter Have increased confusion Venizelos. parahelene still more scholars period was ignored because parahelene issue that have it works mendoheshte Homer not recognized the Albanian "Iliad" and "Odyssey" were language, which says that poetic fiction from the Stipcevici A. can not relevant academic circles, be good scholars of this while the German period that he knows well archaeologist discovered that the Albanian language, Hajnrih Shlimani Troy in and considering how Asia Minor based just on pellazgjishten "dead data to give Homer in language that left traces "Iliad" of Homer's works Skåne", researchers have should therefore be viewed gabuara.Herodoti in the framework of history conclusions of which was that were codified to known as the father of pellazgjëve residents of history, he spotted meditaranit immemorial "barbarians-pellazgj" by civilization that founded Helena, to "barbarians" the immemorial "Egjean. were those who flisinin Dodona was the religious pellazgjisht, therefore it capital more accurately is not coincidence that all pellazge "pellazgjite serious scholars know that Mecca, there was the the Albanian language and oracle, so Strabo said" deal with antiquity Thunderer of Dodones pellazgjishtja reach the pellazgjite ", this period conclusion that the old can in history known as deshifrohet only through parahelene dark period for the first language that emerges from the trunk of shqiptare.Pellazgjët lived the languages of the people across Greece today, they unreal "indoeuropian" were deployed in More, so Albanian language. One such Argosi from the Macedonian conclusion also issued a dynasty of ancient kings friend of a prominent had argeadëve derived from rilindasi Konstantin this settlement geography Kristoforidhit with which pellazge known that Strabo many traveled through called "Argosi pellazge" . Albanian areas Dr.Georg von Mikena had a civilization Han in his studies on the was famous from Agamemnon Albanians made a triangle- (He was thought) and his ilir-pellazgjë famous brother Monealu (Mind- shqiptarë.Edhe ilirologu, washed) was king of Sparta, Prof.. Stipçeviçi reaches while Arkadia thought to be the conclusion "that only the residence occupied by Albanians are those that the ancient pellazgjët, preserve language and even during revulucionit identity of this very "Greek "Random is not ancient pellazgjo- arkadia (that is (More) Illyrian", while Akeja, Attica, Hydra, pellazgjit, Hesoidi called species, Beotia says Finleu "Paleoktonos" or people were inhabited exclusively from dust, alleging that by Albanians who speak the our ancestors who were Albanian language. residents pellazgjet most Therefore Arkadia be ancient and native to thought of ancient southeastern Europe that settlement with inhabited the Balkan pellazgjeve, in this peninsula to the Adriatic, country thought to have the Danube River and Asia came out so many immigrant vogël.Samiu dardan Dionysius of "mendjendrituri" nickname Halicarnassus writes during for rilindasin honor of floods that have made Lake prominent Ottoman Albania, Ohrid and Prespa today. in his monumental work Homer does not mention "Albania which was, what of coming up very later in any place ", writes that this island is today known from pellazgjëve spilled: as the Peloponnese, as our Illyrians, Epirote, that Herodotus lived in Macedonians of Ancient Athens and is called Thrace, Dake, Etrur but all Pelasgians and later of it together a language historians invented a was barbaric language as it science fiction as "Dorian was called Herodotus the invasion" was not supported language in which pellazgje by archaeological data, nor flow of language that Homer akejtë of pëmend in Troy not cited as place (pellazgjia), it "Greek". Pellazgjit also takes understanding for the established an extremely predecessor of Alexander superb civilization on the the Great had passed that island of Crete and is way earlier than he, so he known as the Minoan followed the path of the civilization, which alleged first to tij.Prijami the shkatrruan Doric tribes (leader) was king of Troy that were pellazgjë who had dardan, also took the name come from the near east and Dardanelles straits to northern Africa Matthew testify on the origin of Aref says
Recommended publications
  • CHART 31, Continued from Chart 30 *Julia(Caesar)
    ~Jf CHART 31, continued from chart 30 *Julia(Caesar) da~. of, md, Marcus Antonius Creticus, Praetor Theron S. Hail Lucius Julius Caesar, Consul 815 East 400 North i Lucius Julius Caesar \, ~prjngville, Utab 8466 3~ Sextus Julius Caesar r Roman Ambassador & Consul Sextus Julius Caesar, Military Tribune in Liguria Lucius Julius Caesar ( Numerius Julius Caesar, 1st of t he Caesars Lucius Julius Libo, Consul Licius Julius Libo Lucius Julius Julus, Hilitary Tribune Lucius Julius Jull1s," " Caius Julius Julus, Consul Caius Julius Julus, Consul Cains Julius Julus, Consul Lucius Julius Julus Numerius Julius Julus (Note::pedigree line of this family in unknown for abt , 560 years, during the period of the Latin & Roman Kings Julus(Julii Juli) High Priest Ascanius, the Trojan, King of Latium, d•.inl170BC, md. Roma, dau. of Italus & Lucretia Aeneas, King of Latium in 1177BC(Father of the Roman Nation) md. Creusa. Aeneas was the brother-in-law of Paris & Helen of Troy.Atter the destruction of Troy, Aeneas came into Italy and md. 2nd, Lacinia, dau. of Latinus, King of LatiQ~. He succeeded as king of Lattum •. Prince Anchyses md. Venus Prince Capys md , Themis, dau , of Ilus, King of Troy Assaracus , King at Dardanum Tros, King of Troy in 13148c. He md. Callirhoe, dau. of Scamander. Tros built the City of Troy.(chart 32) Eriothonius, K. of Troy in 1374BC, md. Astyoche / Dardanus , King of Troy in 1449BC (chart 32) md. Basia Asia, dau. of Jupiter or Corytus md. Electra, dau. of Atlas Teucer, King of Troy in 1480BC, sen of the river Scamander, K.
    [Show full text]
  • An Economic Analysis of the Olympic Games in Ancient Greece
    RACE NOT WAR: AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF THE OLYMPIC GAMES IN ANCIENT GREECE -AND- WAR WITHOUT SHOOTING: AN ANALYSIS OF AMBUSH MARKETING by Vera Lantinova M.A., Williams College, 2005 EXTENDED ESSAYS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS In the Department ofEconomics © Vera Lantinova 2007 SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY 2007 All rights reserved. This work may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without permission ofthe author. APPROVAL Name: Vera Lantinova Degree: Master of Arts (Economics) Title of Essays: Race not War: An Economic Analysis of the Olympic Games in Ancient Greece - and- War Without Shooting: An Analysis of Ambush Marketing Examining Committee: Chair: David Andolfatto Professor, Department of Economics Douglas Allen Senior Supervisor Professor, Department of Economics Clyde Reed Supervisor Professor, Department of Economics Steeve Mongrain Internal Examiner Associate Professor, Department of Economics Date Defended/Approved: July 31,2007 ii SIMON FRASER UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Declaration of Partial Copyright Licence The author, whose copyright is declared on the title page of this work, has granted to Simon Fraser University the right to lend this thesis, project or extended essay to users of the Simon Fraser University Library, and to make partial or single copies only for such users or in response to a request from the library of any other university, or other educational institution, on its own behalf or for one of its users. The author has further granted permission to Simon Fraser University to keep or make a digital copy for use in its circulating collection (currently available to the public at the "Institutional Repository" link of the SFU Library website <www.lib.sfu.ca> at: <http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/112>) and, without changing the content, to translate the thesis/project or extended essays, if technically possible, to any medium or format for the purpose of preservation of the digital work.
    [Show full text]
  • UC Riverside UC Riverside Electronic Theses and Dissertations
    UC Riverside UC Riverside Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title The Greek Body in Crisis: Contemporary Dance as a Site of Negotiating and Restructuring National Identity in the Era of Precarity Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/0vg4w163 Author Zervou, Natalie Publication Date 2015 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE The Greek Body in Crisis: Contemporary Dance as a Site of Negotiating and Restructuring National Identity in the Era of Precarity A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Critical Dance Studies by Natalie Zervou June 2015 Dissertation Committee: Dr. Marta Elena Savigliano, Chairperson Dr. Linda J. Tomko Dr. Anthea Kraut Copyright Natalie Zervou 2015 The Dissertation of Natalie Zervou is approved: Committee Chairperson University of California, Riverside Acknowledgments This dissertation is the result of four years of intensive research, even though I have been engaging with this topic and the questions discussed here long before that. Having been born in Greece, and having lived there till my early twenties, it is the place that holds all my childhood memories, my first encounters with dance, my friends, and my family. From a very early age I remember how I always used to say that I wanted to study dance and then move to the US to pursue my dream. Back then I was not sure what that dream was, other than leaving Greece, where I often felt like I did not belong. Being here now, in the US, I think I found it and I must admit that when I first begun my pursuit in graduate studies in dance, I was very hesitant to engage in research concerning Greece.
    [Show full text]
  • The Mycenaeans
    THE MYCENAEANS The Mycenaean (my-suh-NEE-uhn) people arrived around 1600 b.c. around 1250 b.c. By the year 1000 b.c., They lived on the mainland of Greece. This was at the same time as the the Mycenaean civilization had totally height of the Minoan civilization on Crete. The Mycenaeans had small collapsed. kingdoms built high on hills. Each kingdom had a different ruler. The This collapse began a period in Greek rulers lived in palaces protected by stone walls. history known as the Dark Ages. This was The Mycenaeans were warriors. They were also great at trading a hard time for the Greeks. and crafts. Foreign invaders began to threaten Mycenaean kingdoms Lasting Poetry Ruins of a Mycenaean kingdom A man named Homer wrote two very famous stories. The stories are the epic poems the Iliad (IL-ee-uhd) and the Odyssey (AW-duh- see). They are believed to describe events in Mycenaean history. Old Food Mycenaeans probably ate the same foods that Greeks eat today. Bread, cheese, olives, figs, grapes, goat, and fish are common Greek foods. 8 9 CITY-STATES Around the eighth century b.c., the towns and countrysides of Greece began to grow. Greece was coming out of the Dark Ages. Military leaders and wealthy families ruled small areas. These were called poleis (PAW-lays), or city-states. Over the centuries most poleis developed democratic forms of rule. A typical city-state was These are the ruins of a marketplace in Athens. The Meaning of Democracy The word democracy means “rule by the people.” It comes from two ancient Greek words— Sparta was an important city-state.
    [Show full text]
  • The First Illyrian War: a Study in Roman Imperialism
    The First Illyrian War: A Study in Roman Imperialism Catherine A. McPherson Department of History and Classical Studies McGill University, Montreal February, 2012 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Arts ©Catherine A. McPherson, 2012. Table of Contents Abstract ……………………………………………….……………............2 Abrégé……………………………………...………….……………………3 Acknowledgements………………………………….……………………...4 Introduction…………………………………………………………………5 Chapter One Sources and Approaches………………………………….………………...9 Chapter Two Illyria and the Illyrians ……………………………………………………25 Chapter Three North-Western Greece in the Later Third Century………………………..41 Chapter Four Rome and the Outbreak of War…………………………………..……….51 Chapter Five The Conclusion of the First Illyrian War……………….…………………77 Conclusion …………………………………………………...…….……102 Bibliography……………………………………………………………..104 2 Abstract This paper presents a detailed case study in early Roman imperialism in the Greek East: the First Illyrian War (229/8 B.C.), Rome’s first military engagement across the Adriatic. It places Roman decision-making and action within its proper context by emphasizing the role that Greek polities and Illyrian tribes played in both the outbreak and conclusion of the war. It argues that the primary motivation behind the Roman decision to declare war against the Ardiaei in 229 was to secure the very profitable trade routes linking Brundisium to the eastern shore of the Adriatic. It was in fact the failure of the major Greek powers to limit Ardiaean piracy that led directly to Roman intervention. In the earliest phase of trans-Adriatic engagement Rome was essentially uninterested in expansion or establishing a formal hegemony in the Greek East and maintained only very loose ties to the polities of the eastern Adriatic coast.
    [Show full text]
  • Lista E Fituesve Per Fazen Finale
    REPUBLIKA E SHQIPERISE AGJENCIA PER MBESHTETJEN E SHOQERISE CIVILE Tabelë Permbledhëse për OJF-të fituese të fazës Finale në Thirrjen e Parë (1 - 15 tetor 2010) Shuma e Akorduar NR. Emri i OJF-së Titulli i Projektit Shtrirja e Projektit nga Bordi (në lekë) Zyre asistence dhe informacioni per abuzimin me drogat prane Njesise 1 Aksion Plus Tirane 3.471.000 Bashkiake Nr. 10 2 Aleanca Rinore Shqiptare Denoncim i akteve korruptive ne gjykatat e shkalles se pare Shqiperi 3.720.000 Qarku Tirane dhe 3 Art Kontakt Shkolla nje ambjent komunitar miqesor per te rinjte 898.000 Durres 4 CARITAS Albania Integrim dhe gjithperfshirje te personave me aftesi te kufizuara mendore Tirane, Fushe-Kruje 1.313.000 Angazhim Rinor. Ngritja e kapaciteteve dhe rrjetezimi i sektorit rinor 30 qytete 5 Evropianet e Rinj Federaliste (JEF Albania) jofitimprures ne qytetet jouniversitare dhe orientimi i tij per me shume jouniversitare te 3.720.000 transparence dhe qeverisjes me te mire lokale ne dobi te te rinjve Shqiperise 6 Fondacioni "CIVITAS" Jeto me dinjitet 12 qarqe te Shqiperise 4.950.000 7 Fondacioni "PELOD" Ndergjegjesim permes ligjit, punesimit, kult, artit, sportit, mjedisi Sarande 2.641.000 8 Fondacioni Instituti per Progres - Albania (INGP) Me shume staf te trajnuar, me pak viktima te dhunes ne familje! Rajoni Durres 3.139.000 Krijimi i "Forumit Civil Online" (FCO) si nje instrument per te nxitur dhe 9 Fondacioni per Liri Ekonomike (FLE) Shqiperi 3.471.000 favorizuar perfshirjen publike vendimarrje Fondacioni Shqiptar per te Drejtat e Personave me Transparence
    [Show full text]
  • The Nature of Hellenistic Domestic Sculpture in Its Cultural and Spatial Contexts
    THE NATURE OF HELLENISTIC DOMESTIC SCULPTURE IN ITS CULTURAL AND SPATIAL CONTEXTS DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for The Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Craig I. Hardiman, B.Comm., B.A., M.A. ***** The Ohio State University 2005 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Dr. Mark D. Fullerton, Advisor Dr. Timothy J. McNiven _______________________________ Advisor Dr. Stephen V. Tracy Graduate Program in the History of Art Copyright by Craig I. Hardiman 2005 ABSTRACT This dissertation marks the first synthetic and contextual analysis of domestic sculpture for the whole of the Hellenistic period (323 BCE – 31 BCE). Prior to this study, Hellenistic domestic sculpture had been examined from a broadly literary perspective or had been the focus of smaller regional or site-specific studies. Rather than taking any one approach, this dissertation examines both the literary testimonia and the material record in order to develop as full a picture as possible for the location, function and meaning(s) of these pieces. The study begins with a reconsideration of the literary evidence. The testimonia deal chiefly with the residences of the Hellenistic kings and their conspicuous displays of wealth in the most public rooms in the home, namely courtyards and dining rooms. Following this, the material evidence from the Greek mainland and Asia Minor is considered. The general evidence supports the literary testimonia’s location for these sculptures. In addition, several individual examples offer insights into the sophistication of domestic decorative programs among the Greeks, something usually associated with the Romans.
    [Show full text]
  • Early Mycenaean Arkadia: Space and Place(S) of an Inland and Mountainous Region
    Early Mycenaean Arkadia: Space and Place(s) of an Inland and Mountainous Region Eleni Salavoura1 Abstract: The concept of space is an abstract and sometimes a conventional term, but places – where people dwell, (inter)act and gain experiences – contribute decisively to the formation of the main characteristics and the identity of its residents. Arkadia, in the heart of the Peloponnese, is a landlocked country with small valleys and basins surrounded by high mountains, which, according to the ancient literature, offered to its inhabitants a hard and laborious life. Its rough terrain made Arkadia always a less attractive area for archaeological investigation. However, due to its position in the centre of the Peloponnese, Arkadia is an inevitable passage for anyone moving along or across the peninsula. The long life of small and medium-sized agrarian communities undoubtedly owes more to their foundation at crossroads connecting the inland with the Peloponnesian coast, than to their potential for economic growth based on the resources of the land. However, sites such as Analipsis, on its east-southeastern borders, the cemetery at Palaiokastro and the ash altar on Mount Lykaion, both in the southwest part of Arkadia, indicate that the area had a Bronze Age past, and raise many new questions. In this paper, I discuss the role of Arkadia in early Mycenaean times based on settlement patterns and excavation data, and I investigate the relation of these inland communities with high-ranking central places. In other words, this is an attempt to set place(s) into space, supporting the idea that the central region of the Peloponnese was a separated, but not isolated part of it, comprising regions that are also diversified among themselves.
    [Show full text]
  • Albanian Families' History and Heritage Making at the Crossroads of New
    Voicing the stories of the excluded: Albanian families’ history and heritage making at the crossroads of new and old homes Eleni Vomvyla UCL Institute of Archaeology Thesis submitted for the award of Doctor in Philosophy in Cultural Heritage 2013 Declaration of originality I, Eleni Vomvyla confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm that this has been indicated in the thesis. Signature 2 To the five Albanian families for opening their homes and sharing their stories with me. 3 Abstract My research explores the dialectical relationship between identity and the conceptualisation/creation of history and heritage in migration by studying a socially excluded group in Greece, that of Albanian families. Even though the Albanian community has more than twenty years of presence in the country, its stories, often invested with otherness, remain hidden in the Greek ‘mono-cultural’ landscape. In opposition to these stigmatising discourses, my study draws on movements democratising the past and calling for engagements from below by endorsing the socially constructed nature of identity and the denationalisation of memory. A nine-month fieldwork with five Albanian families took place in their domestic and neighbourhood settings in the areas of Athens and Piraeus. Based on critical ethnography, data collection was derived from participant observation, conversational interviews and participatory techniques. From an individual and family group point of view the notion of habitus led to diverse conceptions of ethnic identity, taking transnational dimensions in families’ literal and metaphorical back- and-forth movements between Greece and Albania.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient History Sourcebook: 11Th Brittanica: Sparta SPARTA an Ancient City in Greece, the Capital of Laconia and the Most Powerful State of the Peloponnese
    Ancient History Sourcebook: 11th Brittanica: Sparta SPARTA AN ancient city in Greece, the capital of Laconia and the most powerful state of the Peloponnese. The city lay at the northern end of the central Laconian plain, on the right bank of the river Eurotas, a little south of the point where it is joined by its largest tributary, the Oenus (mount Kelefina). The site is admirably fitted by nature to guard the only routes by which an army can penetrate Laconia from the land side, the Oenus and Eurotas valleys leading from Arcadia, its northern neighbour, and the Langada Pass over Mt Taygetus connecting Laconia and Messenia. At the same time its distance from the sea-Sparta is 27 m. from its seaport, Gythium, made it invulnerable to a maritime attack. I.-HISTORY Prehistoric Period.-Tradition relates that Sparta was founded by Lacedaemon, son of Zeus and Taygete, who called the city after the name of his wife, the daughter of Eurotas. But Amyclae and Therapne (Therapnae) seem to have been in early times of greater importance than Sparta, the former a Minyan foundation a few miles to the south of Sparta, the latter probably the Achaean capital of Laconia and the seat of Menelaus, Agamemnon's younger brother. Eighty years after the Trojan War, according to the traditional chronology, the Dorian migration took place. A band of Dorians united with a body of Aetolians to cross the Corinthian Gulf and invade the Peloponnese from the northwest. The Aetolians settled in Elis, the Dorians pushed up to the headwaters of the Alpheus, where they divided into two forces, one of which under Cresphontes invaded and later subdued Messenia, while the other, led by Aristodemus or, according to another version, by his twin sons Eurysthenes and Procles, made its way down the Eurotas were new settlements were formed and gained Sparta, which became the Dorian capital of Laconia.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancient Greek Coins
    Ancient Greek Coins Notes for teachers • Dolphin shaped coins. Late 6th to 5th century BC. These coins were minted in Olbia on the Black Sea coast of Ukraine. From the 8th century BC Greek cities began establishing colonies around the coast of the Black Sea. The mixture of Greek and native currencies resulted in a curious variety of monetary forms including these bronze dolphin shaped items of currency. • Silver stater. Aegina c 485 – 480 BC This coin shows a turtle symbolising the naval strength of Aegina and a punch mark In Athens a stater was valued at a tetradrachm (4 drachms) • Silver staterAspendus c 380 BC This shows wrestlers on one side and part of a horse and star on the other. The inscription gives the name of a city in Pamphylian. • Small silver half drachm. Heracles wearing a lionskin is shown on the obverse and Zeus seated, holding eagle and sceptre on the reverse. • Silver tetradrachm. Athens 450 – 400 BC. This coin design was very poular and shows the goddess Athena in a helmet and has her sacred bird the Owl and an olive sprig on the reverse. Coin values The Greeks didn’t write a value on their coins. Value was determined by the material the coins were made of and by weight. A gold coin was worth more than a silver coin which was worth more than a bronze one. A heavy coin would buy more than a light one. 12 chalkoi = 1 Obol 6 obols = 1 drachm 100 drachma = 1 mina 60 minas = 1 talent An unskilled worker, like someone who unloaded boats or dug ditches in Athens, would be paid about two obols a day.
    [Show full text]
  • Homer's Iliad Via the Movie Troy (2004)
    23 November 2017 Homer’s Iliad via the Movie Troy (2004) PROFESSOR EDITH HALL One of the most successful movies of 2004 was Troy, directed by Wolfgang Petersen and starring Brad Pitt as Achilles. Troy made more than $497 million worldwide and was the 8th- highest-grossing film of 2004. The rolling credits proudly claim that the movie is inspired by the ancient Greek Homeric epic, the Iliad. This was, for classical scholars, an exciting claim. There have been blockbuster movies telling the story of Troy before, notably the 1956 glamorous blockbuster Helen of Troy starring Rossana Podestà, and a television two-episode miniseries which came out in 2003, directed by John Kent Harrison. But there has never been a feature film announcing such a close relationship to the Iliad, the greatest classical heroic action epic. The movie eagerly anticipated by those of us who teach Homer for a living because Petersen is a respected director. He has made some serious and important films. These range from Die Konsequenz (The Consequence), a radical story of homosexual love (1977), to In the Line of Fire (1993) and Air Force One (1997), political thrillers starring Clint Eastwood and Harrison Ford respectively. The Perfect Storm (2000) showed that cataclysmic natural disaster and special effects spectacle were also part of Petersen’s repertoire. His most celebrated film has probably been Das Boot (The Boat) of 1981, the story of the crew of a German U- boat during the Battle of the Atlantic in 1941. The finely judged and politically impartial portrayal of ordinary men, caught up in the terror and tedium of war, suggested that Petersen, if anyone, might be able to do some justice to the Homeric depiction of the Trojan War in the Iliad.
    [Show full text]