An Excerpt from the Lively Exchange of the IRU Members

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

An Excerpt from the Lively Exchange of the IRU Members An excerpt from the lively Today exchange of the IRU members Raiffeisen Raiffeisen Published by IRU – International Raiffeisen Union Raiffeisen Today An excerpt from the lively exchange of the IRU members Published by IRU - International Raiffeisen Union TABLE OF CONTENTS FRIEDRICH WILHELM CHAPTER 6: 6 RAIFFEISEN 49 GERMANY Raiffeisen’s cooperative idea and the NIMBYism syndrome The meaning of citizen energy PREFACE 8 cooperatives for the Energy Transition CHAPTER 1: CHAPTER 7: 1 0 RAIFFEISEN TODAY 5 6 INDIA Evolving banking system through cooperatives for women in India CHAPTER 2: 2 1 COOPERATIVES IN 61 The cooperative self-help DEVELOPMENT movement in rural India Cooperatives and Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Think globally – Act locally CHAPTER 8: 64 ITALY Evolution of the mutuality principle CHAPTER 3: from reciprocity among members 2 4 AUSTRIA to the pursuit of the general interest Raiffeisen?! 69 Community-based cooperation. I have never known it like that! From local experiences to a short The ‘Aware: Raiffeisen’ initiative of manifesto for local development the Austrian Raiffeisen Association 75 Surviving together The development of alpine dairy cooperatives and their importance CHAPTER 4: to preserving mountain farming BELGIUM 32 in South Tyrol Young people and cooperatives CHAPTER 9: CHAPTER 5: JAPAN FRANCE 80 38 The influence of the idea and The French cooperative: practice of Raiffeisen on the a powerful model, agricultural co-operatives in Japan a model for the future 4 CHAPTER 10: CHAPTER 16: 88 KENYA 1 36 TURKEY The SACCO Movement The cooperative system in Turkey in Kenya up to 2017 and producer and marketing cooperatives run by women Amesia Çalışan Arı Kadın Girişimi CHAPTER 11: Üretim ve Pazarlama Kooperatifi 9 4 LUXEMBURG Cooperative banks in a digitized world CHAPTER 17: 1 48 COOPERATIVE LAW Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen CHAPTER 12: and Cooperative Law 9 8 NETHERLANDS The boom of cooperatives in the Netherlands ATTACHMENT: 154 IRU Members Map CHAPTER 13: 156 IRU Short Profile 10 7 PARAGUAY 158 Table of Figures Eyes on rural communities in Paraguay: Rural development through cooperativism and associativity in general CHAPTER 14: 11 7 SOUTH KOREA Korean Credit Unions CSR and Social Finance CHAPTER 15: 1 26 SWITZERLAND The origins, present and future of the Raiffeisen idea in Switzerland TABLE OF CONTENTS FRIEDRICH WILHELM RAIFFEISEN He never travelled the world – but his idea did! Appointed mayor for the first time, Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen began to show his persistent passion for finding new ways to ease people’s hardship through self-help and personal responsibility. He continued this work and developed his own credit institution to relieve the suffering of the rural population. On his way, he was support- ed by the Agricultural Association for Rheinpreussen and the Count of Wied and his work grew into developing cooperatives. Raiffeisen devoted all his time and energy to this work – even after he had lost his eyesight – until his death in 1888. These estab- lishments were one of the seeds of today’s global cooperative system. 6 ions as a Means of Relieving 1818 1848 the Hardship of the Rural Popu­ On March 22, Raiffeisen is ap- lation). The book is a complete March 30 pointed mayor of Flammersfeld. success. Only four years later, Birth of Raiffeisen as the seventh One year later, he founds the already 75 such associations of nine children in Hamm (Sieg)/ “Flammersfelder Hülfsverein” exist in the Prussian Rhine Germany. (Flammersfield’s Helping Associ- Province. ation) for the support of farmers in need, the first German associ- 1835–1843 ation with joint liability. 1874 Military service in Cologne, Coblenz and Sayn, which he onwards had to leave because of an eye 1852 In the following years Raiffeisen complaint. On August 24, he is appoint- founds many more institutions ed mayor of Heddesdorf and and creates structures up to founds the “Heddesdorfer the national level, such as the 1843–1845 Wohltätigkeitsverein” (Hed­ “Anwaltschaftsverband ländlich- Works as administrative officer desdorfer Charity) two years er Genossenschaften“ (Advocacy at the Coblenz District Adminis- later. This institution cared Federation of Rural Coopera- tration. for neglected children, poor tives) as a central institution for farmers, former prisoners and savings and loan associations. the establishment of a credit 1845 bank for people in need. In On January 15, he is appointed the following years, he founds 1888 mayor of Weyersbusch, a poor several “Darlehenskassen­ On March 11, Friedrich Wilhelm rural region in the Westerwald. vereine” (Savings and Loan Raiffeisen dies in Heddesdorf. He initiates the construction of Associations) where member- a school building and promotes ship was obligatory for the the construction of a street borrowers. These are connecting the Westerwald and considered to be the first the river Rhine to enable a better real cooperatives. sale of agricultural products. 1865 1846 For health issues, Raiffeisen is After a poor harvest and ex- forced to step down and retire ploding food prices, Raiffeisen from his position as mayor. founds the “Weyerbuscher Brodverein” (Weyerbusch’s Bread Association) – initially to 1866 distribute food, later for the joint With the significant support receipt of seeds and potatoes. of his daughter, Amalie Raiff­ Soon afterwards, the communal eisen, he publishes his book baking house is built – one of “Die Darlehnskassen­Vereine the first institutions to resemble als Mittel zur Abhilfe der Noth a cooperative. der ländlichen Bevölkerung” (The Savings and Loan Associat­ FRIEDRICH WILHELM RAIFFEISEN PREFACE Preface n September 2018, 160 representatives of the cooperative world met in Koblenz/Germany to I celebrate the 50th anniversary of the IRU Inter- national Raiffeisen Union and the 200th birthday of Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen. The anniversary event at Fortress Ehrenbreitstein showed the di- versity of a worldwide cooperative practice, but also the common basic principles that unite all cooperative organisations. Until today, Raiffeisen’s idea from the 19th century is alive and reflected in the membership structure of the IRU. In order to find out how the cooperative idea and the Raiffeisen principles are understood and practised in the different coun- tries, this publication takes a look at the work of individual organisations, including the context of the respective country. At the beginning, the publication explores the relevance of Raiffeisen and his work from the 19th century for the economy and society of today. Not only cooperatives in traditional sectors such as agriculture and banking go back to Raiffeisen, but also new forms of entrepreneurial cooperation and the sharing economy are based on coopera- tive principles. Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen as a social innovator - yesterday, today and tomorrow! Thereafter, the book shows how cooperatives can support the realisation of the Sustainable De- velopment Goals agreed in 2015 by the United Na- Franky Depickere / Andreas Kappes tions. The contributions from 14 countries form a 8 broad range of topics and at the same time the core of the publication. The final article high- lights how the cooperative principles have found their way into today’s cooperative legislation. “Raiffeisen Today” is not an academic treatise, but an excerpt from the lively exchange of the IRU members. The contributions are as diverse as our members. That is exactly what makes our organisation! We show ourselves in our differ- ences, but what unites us – our common ground – is Raiffeisen and his timeless principles. For half a century now, the IRU has followed its mission to carry the cooperative idea of Frie- drich Wilhelm Raiffeisen into the world and to bring together organisations that work according to his principles, to promote their exchange and to initiate joint activities. 50 years of the IRU - that is a success in itself. And yet: the world has changed since the IRU was founded. Digitalisation opens up new pos- sibilities for communication and data storage. Countries and continents are moving closer to- gether. International exchange and cross-border cooperation are being revolutionised. The General Assembly in September 2018 instructed the responsible bodies of the IRU to revise and further develop the IRU strategy for the coming years, to adapt it to current circum- stances and to create the greatest possible added value for its members. The exchange of experi- ence among each other and cooperation with new partner organisations must continue to be Franky Depickere stimulated, redefined and redesigned. President The IRU can and will succeed in strengthen- ing its unique network character. It must also ex- plore partnerships with other networks, so that mutual synergies can arise. In the future, we will continue to follow the co- operative principles once laid down by Friedrich Wilhelm Raiffeisen for the foundation and man- agement of loan societies. They are timeless, giv- ing orientation and security to our cooperatives and each individual, then, now and in the future. Andreas Kappes Leuven / Bonn in September 2019 Secretary General IRU – International Raiffeisen Union e. V. PREFACE CHAPTER 1 UMBRELLA CHAPTER Raiffeisen today Hans Groeneveld 10 1.1 Introduction cial sectors in other countries. Section 1.3 looks at the re-appearance of Raiffeisen and his ideas his contribution explores the meaning, val- in trending policy and academic discussions and ue and applicability of Raiffeisen’s ideas in publications. Section 1.4
Recommended publications
  • DOING BUSINESS in PARAGUAY October, 2020
    THE POWER OF BEING UNDERSTOOD DOING BUSINESS IN PARAGUAY October, 2020 THE POWER OF BEING UNDERSTOOD AUDIT | TAX | CONSULTING PARAGUAY Population Geographical location The current population of Paraguay is 7.2 million inhabitants (with an average population density of 17.3 inhab./sq Paraguay is located at the heart of South America, between km), unevenly distributed across the territory. The largest parallels 19° 18’ and 27° 30` South latitude and meridians 54° population of Paraguay lives in Asunción in the Western 15` and 62° 38` longitude West of Greenwich. region, as well as in the big cities close to Argentina and Brazil. It is bounded by Argentina to the South East, South and The informal economic activity proportion in Paraguay is high, South West; by Bolivia, to the North and by Brazil to the and it is estimated at 39% of the GDP. The working population East. Given its navigable rivers, particularly the Paraná and aging more than 15 years is 70% and the unemployment rate Paraguay rivers, it has a fluvial outlet to the Río de la Plata reaches 6.9%. which in turn discharges into the Atlantic Ocean. The Paraguayan labor market is featured by a high Asunción is the capital city, located on the left margin of the underemployment rate and a predominance of activities Paraguay river, where 37% of the population is concentrated. requiring lower labor force qualifications. Other important cities are: Ciudad del Este, Encarnación, Pedro Juan Caballero, Salto del Guairá, some of which share Political system their boundaries with Brazil and Argentina, with which it has a Paraguay is a presidential republic where the President is the fluid commercial, social and cultural exchange.
    [Show full text]
  • U-M·I University Microfilms International a Bell & Howell Information Company 300 North Zeeb Road
    Castro's Cuba and Stroessner's Paraguay: A comparison of the totalitarian/authoritarian taxonomy. Item Type text; Dissertation-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Sondrol, Paul Charles. Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 05/10/2021 11:08:31 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185284 INFORMATION TO USERS The most advanced technology has been used to photogr2,pb and reproduce this manuscript from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted.. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this -reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is inciuded in reduced form at the back of the book.
    [Show full text]
  • Doing Business in Paraguay: 2014 Country Commercial Guide for U.S
    Doing Business in Paraguay: 2014 Country Commercial Guide for U.S. Companies INTERNATIONAL COPYRIGHT, U.S. & FOREIGN COMMERCIAL SERVICE AND U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE, 2014. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED OUTSIDE OF THE UNITED STATES. Chapter 1: Doing Business In Paraguay Chapter 2: Political and Economic Environment Chapter 3: Selling U.S. Products and Services Chapter 4: Leading Sectors for U.S. Export and Investment Chapter 5: Trade Regulations and Standards Chapter 6: Investment Climate Chapter 7: Trade and Project Financing Chapter 8: Business Travel Chapter 9: Contacts, Market Research, and Trade Events Chapter 10: Guide to Our Services Return to table of contents Chapter 1: Doing Business In Paraguay Market Overview Market Challenges Market Opportunities Market Entry Strategy Market Overview Return to top Paraguay has a small but rapidly growing open economy (13.6 percent GDP growth in 2013), with strong demand for U.S. manufactured products, and the potential for continued growth over the next decade. U.S.-Paraguay goods trade surpassed $2.2 billion in 2013, with the United States enjoying a $1.6 billion surplus. U.S. goods exports of $1.9 billion included machinery, video games, perfumes and cosmetics, vehicles, and agricultural products. Imports from Paraguay, totaling $277 million, were primarily soybeans, sugar, wood, gold, and corn. Paraguay generally has a strong macroeconomic position. Total foreign direct investment was $4.5 billion in 2012, with the majority directed to the services sector. The United States is the largest foreign investor in Paraguay, followed by Brazil, Argentina, and Spain. Foreign exchange reserves are USD 5.8 billion, about twice the amount of its external debt.
    [Show full text]
  • Economic Asymmetry and Institutional Shortfall in Mercosur: Predictions For
    Economic asymmetry and institutional shortfall in Mercosur: predictions for deepening Mercosur integration Master in Advanced European and International Studies – MAEIS Anglophone Branch Academic year 2012-2013 Master thesis Author: F.E. Bakker Supervisor: M. Waechter June 2013 Master Thesis Master in Advanced European and International Studies Author: Fleur Bakker Supervisor: M. Waechter June 2013 Table of content List of tables..............................................................................iii List of Abbreviations.................................................................iv 1. Introduction……………………………………………………1 1.1 Scope and structure……………………………………………………1 1.2 Research question……………………………………………………..3 2. The Southern Common Market (MERCOSUR)……………….4 2.1 A growing alliance between Brazil and Argentina: the origins and evolution of Mercosur…………………………………………………5 2.2 The neo-liberal years…………………………………………………..6 2.3 The start and transition period of Mercosur towards a crisis………….7 2.4 The crisis years of Mercosur…………………………………………..9 2.5 The turn to the left…………………………………………..………..11 3. The institutional framework of Mercosur and the European Union…………………………………………………...…….12 3.1 The decision making bodies within Mercosur…………………………....12 3.1.1 Parliamentary power in Mercosur……………………………..…...13 3.1.2 Popular representation in Mercosur…………………………...…..15 3.1.3 The Secretariat of Mercosur and its powers…………………....…16 3.1.4 Judiciary power within Mercosur………………………………….16 3.1.5 Mercosur’s legal system……………..………………………….....18 3.2.1
    [Show full text]
  • Macroeconomic Policy
    Alicia Bárcena Executive Secretary Antonio Prado Deputy Executive Secretary Osvaldo Kacef Chief, Economic Development Division Susana Malchik Officer-in-Charge Documents and Publications Division The Preliminary Overview of the Economies of Latin America and the Caribbean is an annual publication prepared by the Economic Development Division of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC). This 2010 edition was prepared under the supervision of Osvaldo Kacef, Chief of the Division; Jürgen Weller and Sandra Manuelito were responsible for its overall coordination. In the preparation of this edition, the Economic Development Division was assisted by the Statistics and Economic Projections Division, the ECLAC subregional headquarters in Mexico City and Port of Spain, and the Commission’s country offices in Bogota, Brasilia, Buenos Aires, Montevideo and Washington, D.C. The regional analyses were prepared by the following experts (in the order in which the subjects are presented): Osvaldo Kacef and Luis Felipe Jiménez (introduction), Juan Pablo Jiménez (fiscal policy), Rodrigo Cárcamo (monetary and exchange-rate policy), Sandra Manuelito (economic activity and investment and domestic prices), Jürgen Weller (employment and wages), and Luis Felipe Jiménez, Fernando Cantú and Claudio Aravena (external sector). The text boxes were prepared by Andrea Podestá and staff from the ECLAC subregional headquarters for the Caribbean, as well as the Disaster Assessment Unit and the Sustainable Development and Human Settlements Division
    [Show full text]
  • Banking Automation Bulletin | Media Pack 2021
    Banking Automation BULLETIN Media Pack 2021 Reaching and staying in touch with your commercial targets is more important than ever Curated news, opinions and intelligence on Editorial overview banking and cash automation, self-service and digital banking, cards and payments since 1979 Banking Automation Bulletin is a subscription newsletter Independent and authoritative insights from focused on key issues in banking and cash automation, industry experts, including proprietary global self-service and digital banking, cards and payments. research by RBR The Bulletin is published monthly by RBR and draws 4,000 named subscribers of digital and printed extensively on the firm’s proprietary industry research. editions with total, monthly readership of 12,000 The Bulletin is valued by its readership for providing independent and insightful news, opinions and 88% of readership are senior decision makers information on issues of core interest. representing more than 1,000 banks across 106 countries worldwide Regular topics covered by the Bulletin include: Strong social media presence through focused LinkedIn discussion group with 8,500+ members • Artificial intelligence and machine learning and Twitter @RBRLondon • Biometric authentication 12 issues per year with bonus distribution at key • Blockchain and cryptocurrency industry events around the world • Branch and digital transformation Unique opportunity to reach high-quality • Cash usage and automation readership via impactful adverts and advertorials • Deposit automation and recycling • Digital banking and payments Who should advertise? • Financial inclusion and accessibility • Fintech innovation Banking Automation Bulletin is a unique and powerful • IP video and behavioural analytics advertising medium for organisations providing • Logical, cyber and physical bank security solutions to retail banks.
    [Show full text]
  • Life After PSD2
    52 Hogan Lovells Open everything and improved security: life after PSD2 PSD2 is a significant piece of legislation, aimed at disrupting the traditional banking and payment services market, improving competition and promoting innovation. One of the ways it does this is by forcing providers to allow access to customer accounts to disruptors who can offer new services to customers by exploiting the wealth of information which can be obtained through access to customers’ account information. Nearly two years after PSD2 first came into force, how is this brave new era of open banking working out for both sides? What might the next twelve months bring? We provide a snapshot of the current state of play and some crystal ball gazing from our European and UK teams below. It’s not just about disruption though. PSD2 also were potential issues at all stages of payment looks to protect consumers by imposing a higher transactions, impacting retailers, card issuers, level of security for online activity and card merchant acquirers and the major card schemes. payments. This now requires “strong customer A concerted lobbying effort to delay full authentication” or “SCA”– involving 2 out of 3 implementation for online transactions resulted in elements of possession, knowledge or inherence – an EBA opinion, published in June 2019, setting for example, confirming a card payment by typing out a structure for national regulators to allow a in a one-time password sent to a mobile phone. degree of tolerance (or “supervisory flexibility”) Whilst the implementation date for these new for delayed implementation of SCA in their requirements was set for 14 September 2019, it jurisdictions.
    [Show full text]
  • What's at Steak
    Contents Executive Summary 4 Introduction 8 1 Demand for meat and dairy products increasing rapidly 8 2 The devastating impacts of industrial livestock farming 10 2.1 Burning forests for beef: cattle ranching drives deforestation 10 and biodiversity loss 2.2 Lost lands: industrial livestock farming wrecks rural 12 communities 2.3 Intensive livestock farming creates public health and animal 14 welfare hazards 2.4 Roasting the climate: another major ingredient in climate 18 change 3 Corporate control of food 20 Cattle ranching in Brazil. Jai Mansson/Flickr 3.1 How free trade and free trade rules favour industrial 20 agriculture What’s at steak? The real cost of meat 3.2 Corporate concentration in industrial livestock farming 25 3.3 False solutions: more of the same fare 32 Impacts of the industrial livestock and feedstock industries on forests, climate change, farmers and communities 4 Small-scale and sustainable agriculture: an alternative menu 34 Published in November 2016 by Global Forest Coalition 5 Case study summariesi 37 Authors: Ronnie Hall and Mary Louise Malig Editors: Ronnie Hall and Michael Braverman-Scult Conclusions and Recommendations 40 Graphic design: Oliver Munnion Endnotes 43 Case study authors: Bolivia: Pablo Solón and Jose Carlos Solón, Fundación Solón, Bolivia i Brazil: Sergio Schlesinger, consultant for FASE Brasil The full length versions of the country case studies and associated references can be accessed at: http://globalforestcoalition.org/whats-at-steak/ India: Ashlesha Khadse, Amrita Bhoomi Agroecology Centre, La Via Campesina’s Agroecology school in South Asia Paraguay: Ines Franceschelli and Miguel Lovera, Heñói Jey, Paraguay Russia: Svetlana Abramovich, Friends of Siberian Forests, Russia We would also like to thank the following organisations for their contributions: Brighter Green European Coordination of La Via Campesina Norwegian Farmers and Smallholders Union Cover photo: Gado.
    [Show full text]
  • RABO 296 Broch EACB P5.Indd
    Co-operative banks: Catalysts for economic and social cohesion in Europe 1 Co-operative Banks: Catalysts for economic and social cohesion in Europe Impressum: European Association of Cooperative Banks (EACB) Contact: E-mail : [email protected] • Telephone: (+ 32 )2 230 11 24 • Web: www.eurocoopbanks.coop © Copyright March 2007: European Association of Co-operative Banks 2 Co-operative Banks: Catalysts for economic and social cohesion in Europe The European Association of Co-operative Banks The Association of Co-operative Banks was established in 1970. It represents, promotes and defends the interests of its members and co-operative banks in general. In this role, the Association is the offi cial spokesman vis-à-vis the European institutions. With a view to fulfi lling these objectives, the mission of the Association is: • To provide information to members on all initiatives and measures taken by the European Union that affect the banking sector; • To organize an exchange of views and experiences and to co-ordinate member organisations’ positions on issues of common interest; • To carry out effi cient and active lobbying of European institutions; • To develop positions on issues of common interest. The European Association of Co-operative Banks fosters co- operation between co-operative banking groups. Furthermore, with the other representative co-operative organisations, the Association promotes the spirit of co-operation throughout the banking sector and beyond. In order to fulfi l these goals, the Association is one of the founding members of the European Banking Industry Committee (EBIC), the European Payments Council (EPC), the former European Committee for Banking Standards (ECBS) and the European Financial Reporting Advisory Group (EFRAG).
    [Show full text]
  • NATIONAL REPORTS Afghanistan No Sustainable Development Without Peace and Security
    From the grassroots: NATIONAL REPORTS AFGHANISTAN No sustainable development without peace and security Decades of armed conflict and unrest have almost destroyed Afghanistan’s institutions and territory. Although the country has a new Government and a new Constitution, it faces major challenges in terms of sustainable development. One of these is how to ensure the right to education for both females and males. Despite remarkable progress in rebuilding the education system, the Government’s efforts have been insufficient and much remains to be done. Other challenges include tackling environmental problems and rehabilitating and managing the country’s natural resources. Watch on Basic Rights Afghanistan Organization (WBRAO) Basic Capabilities Index (BCI) Gender Equity Index (GEI) Coordination of Humanitarian Assistance (CHA) Sanayee Development Organization (SDO) BCI = — 100 GEI = 15 100 Children reaching Empowerment 5th grade After decades of war and civil unrest Afghanistan faces multiple challenges, among them poverty and 25 lack of security. Armed conflicts resulted in more 0 n/d 0 than 1.5 million casualties and a nearly dismantled 4 17 education system. In September 2000, when the n/d Millennium Summit was held at the UN General 100 80 100 100 100 Assembly in New York, the country was still war- torn and could not participate. The Government Births attended Surviving under-5 Education Economic activity subsequently endorsed the eight Millennium De- velopment Goals (MDGs) in March 2004 but had also imposed many restrictions on educational ins- gures have increased from an estimated 5,000 under to modify the global timetable and benchmarks titutions and demanded that religion be emphasized the Taliban to 2.4 million girls as of 2010.9 because of its lost decades and the lack of availa- at the expense of other subjects.5 According to figures published by UNICEF, bet- ble information.
    [Show full text]
  • World Bank Document
    Public Disclosure Authorized AGRICULTURE GLOBAL PRACTICE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PAPER Public Disclosure Authorized PARAGUAY AGRICULTURAL SECTOR RISK ASSESSMENT IDENTIFICATION, PRIORITIZATION, STRATEGY, Public Disclosure Authorized AND ACTION PLAN Carlos Arce, Jorge Caballero, and Diego Arias WORLD BANK GROUP REPORT NUMBER 93943-PY JUNE 2015 Public Disclosure Authorized AGRICULTURE GLOBAL PRACTICE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE PAPER PARAGUAY AGRICULTURAL SECTOR RISK AssESSMENT I dentification, Prioritization, Strategy, and Action Plan Carlos Arce, Jorge Caballero, and Diego Arias © 2015 World Bank Group 1818 H Street NW Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org Email: [email protected] All rights reserved This volume is a product of the staff of the World Bank Group. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of World Bank Group or the governments they represent. The World Bank Group does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of World Bank Group concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. World Bank Group encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly. For permission to photocopy or reprint any part of this work, please send a request with complete information to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA, telephone: 978-750-8400, fax: 978-750-4470, http://www.copyright.com/.
    [Show full text]
  • Collective Bargaining Agreement for Bank Personnel
    ASSOCIATION DES BANQUES ET BANQUIERS LUXEMBOURG COLLECTIVE BARGAINING AGREEMENT FOR BANK EMPLOYEES 2011 – 2013 This text is a translation of the French version. In case of any divergence between the French text and the English text, the French text shall prevail. Contents Art. 1. - Area of application ................................................................. 6 Art. 2. - Duration - Notice of termination ............................................. 6 Art. 3. - Recruitment ........................................................................... 6 Art. 4. - Trial period ............................................................................ 7 Art. 5. - Cessation of the contract ....................................................... 7 Art. 6. - Working hours........................................................................ 9 Art. 7. - Working time ......................................................................... 9 Art. 8. - Overtime work ..................................................................... 11 I. Overtime work ...................................................................................................... 11 II. Qualification of additional hours ........................................................................... 12 III. Work on Sundays.................................................................................................. 13 IV. Work on public holidays........................................................................................ 13 V. Night work ...........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]