DOCSLIB.ORG

Thesis Outline

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Thesis Outline Identification of brominated organic compounds in aquatic biota and exploration of bromine isotope analysis for source apportionment Maria Unger Doctoral Thesis Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK) Stockholm University Stockholm 2010 © Maria Unger, Stockholm 2010 ISBN 978-91-7447-070-3 pp 1-58 Printed in Sweden by US-AB, Stockholm 2010 Distributors: Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University Department of Applied Environmental Science (ITM), Stockholm University Cover photo by Sven-Erik Nilsson. Smedfjärden/Kvädöfjärden. Farleden mellan Huvududden på Stora Askö och Huvudskär. 2 What will the winter bring if not yet another spring Kamelot, Serenade, Black Halo 2005 3 Forward momentum! 4 Abstract Brominated organic compounds (BOCs) of both natural and anthropogenic origin are abundant in the environment. Most compounds are either clearly natural or clearly anthropogenic but some are of either mixed or uncertain origin. This thesis aims to identify some naturally produced BOCs and to develop a method for analysis of the bromine isotopic composition in BOCs found in the environment. Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PBDDs) in the Baltic Sea are believed to be of natural origin although their source is unknown. Since marine sponges are major producers of brominated natural products in tropical waters, BOCs were quantified in a sponge (Ephydatia fluviatilis) from the Baltic Sea (Paper I). The results showed that the sponge does not seem to be a major producer of PBDDs in the Baltic Sea. In this study, mixed brominated/chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins were however discovered for the first time in a background environment without an apparent anthropogenic source. The use of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) is unusual in analytical environmental chemistry due to its sample requirements. Preparative capillary gas chromatography was used to isolate a sufficient amount of an unidentified BOC from northern bottlenose whale (Hyperoodon ampullatus) blubber (Paper II) to enable NMR analysis for identification of the compound. The bromine isotopic composition of BOCs may give information on the origin and environmental fate of these compounds. The first steps in this process are the development of a method to determine the bromine isotope ratio in environmentally relevant BOCs (Paper III) and measuring the bromine isotope ratio of several standard substances to establish an anthropogenic endpoint (Paper IV). 5 Table of contents Abstract ............................................................................ 5 Table of contents ................................................................ 6 Abbreviations ..................................................................... 8 List of papers ..................................................................... 9 Statement ....................................................................... 10 Thesis objectives .............................................................. 11 1. Brominated organic compounds in the marine environment 13 1.1 Naturally produced brominated organic compounds ............................................................................ 13 1.2 Natural production of brominated organic compounds ............................................................................ 17 2. Bromine isotopes .......................................................... 20 2.1 Kinetic isotope effect ......................................... 20 2.2 Isotope fractionation processes ........................... 20 3. Samples and purification methods .................................. 23 3.1 Samples .......................................................... 23 3.2 Extraction and lipid removal methods .................. 24 3.3 Chromatographic separation ............................... 27 4. Analysis ....................................................................... 29 4.1 GC-MS ............................................................. 29 4.2 NMR ................................................................ 30 4.3 GC-multiple-collector-ICP-MS ............................. 31 5. Summary of papers....................................................... 33 5.1 Paper I - Identification and quantification of PBDDs and Br/Cl-DDs ........................................................ 33 5.2 Paper II - NMR-identification of a novel brominated organic compound isolated from whale blubber .......... 34 5.3 Paper III - Development of a GC-MC-ICP-MS method for brominated diaromatic compounds ...................... 34 5.4 Paper IV - Measurements of δ81Br in anthropogenic and natural monoaromatic compounds ...................... 35 6 6. Results and Discussion .................................................. 36 6.1 Identification of natural brominated organic compounds ............................................................ 36 6.2 Development of CSIA-Br .................................... 39 7. Conclusions .................................................................. 42 8. Future perspectives ....................................................... 43 9. Sammanfattning på svenska .......................................... 44 10. Acknowledgements ..................................................... 45 11. References ................................................................. 48 7 Abbreviations ACN Acetonitrile BOCs Brominated organic compounds Br/Cl-DDs Mixed brominated/chlorinated dibenzo-p- dioxins CIS Cooled injection system CSIA Compound specific isotope analysis DDT 2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane ECNI Electron capture negative ionization EI Electron ionization GC-MC-ICP-MS Gas chromatography multiple collector inductively coupled ion plasma mass spectrometry GC-MS Gas chromatography – mass spectrometry HRMS High resolution mass spectrometry ICP Inductively coupled plasma KIE Kinetic isotope effect MBB Monobromobenzene MeOMe-BDE42 6-Methoxy-5-methyl-2,2’3,4’-tetrabromo diphenyl ether MeO-PBDEs Methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy OH-PBDEs Hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers PBB Polybrominated biphenyl PBDDs Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins PBDEs Polybrominated diphenyl ethers PBDFs Polybrominated dibenzofurans PCBs Polychlorinated biphenyls PCDDs Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins PCGC Preparative capillary gas chromatograph R Isotope ratio RF Radio frequency SIM Selective ion monitoring TCDD 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin TriBDD s Tribromodibenzo-p-dioxins 8 List of papers Paper I Maria Unger, Lillemor Asplund, Peter Haglund, Anna Malmvärn, Kristina Arnoldsson, Örjan Gustafsson. Polybrominated and Mixed Brominated/Chlorinated Dibenzo-p-Dioxins in Sponge (Ephydatia fluviatilis) from the Baltic Sea. Environmental Science & Technology, 2009, 43, 8245-8250 Paper II Maria Unger, Lillemor Asplund, Göran Marsh, Örjan Gustafsson. Characterization of an abundant and novel methyl- and methoxy-substituted brominated diphenyl ether isolated from whale blubber. Chemosphere, 2010, 79, 408-413 Paper III Henry Holmstrand, Maria Unger, Daniel Carrizo, Per Andersson, Örjan Gustafsson. Compound-specific bromine isotope analysis of brominated diphenyl ethers using GC-multiple collector-ICP-MS. Submitted to Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry Paper IV Daniel Carrizo, Maria Unger, Henry Holmstrand, Per Andersson, Örjan Gustafsson, Sean P. Sylva, Christopher M. Reddy. Compound-specific bromine isotope composition of natural and industrially-synthesized organobromine substances. Manuscript Papers I and II are reproduced with permission from American Chemical Society and Elsevier, respectively. 9 Statement I, Maria Unger, have contributed with the following to the papers included in this thesis: In Paper I, I planned and performed the sampling and a major part of the purification. I was responsible for data analysis and interpretation of mass spectra. I had main responsibility for writing the paper. In Paper II, I planned the project. I did a major part of the sample purification and was responsible for the PCGC isolation of the compound, data analysis and interpretation of mass spectra. I took part in the NMR spectra interpretation and had main responsibility for writing the paper. In Paper III, I took part in planning the set up of the instrument and experiments. I took part in the measurements and data evaluation and assisted in writing the paper. In Paper IV, I took part in planning the set up of the instrument and experiments. I took part in the measurements, data evaluation and in writing the paper. Papers not included in the thesis Emma L. Teuten, Carl G. Johnson, Manolis Mandalakis, Lillemor Asplund, Örjan Gustafsson, Maria Unger, Göran Marsh, Christopher M. Reddy Spectral characterization of two bioaccumulated methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers. Chemosphere, 2006, 62, 197-203 Maria Unger and Örjan Gustafsson PAHs in Stockholm window films: Evaluation of the utility of window film content as indicator of PAHs in urban air. Atmospheric Environment, 2008, 42, 5550-5557 10 Thesis objectives The aims of this thesis were to identify natural brominated compounds in the aquatic environment and to develop a method for source apportionment of natural and anthropogenic organobromine compounds based on their stable bromine isotopic composition. The specific objectives for the papers were: Paper I: Investigate the role of an abundant sponge in the production of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PBDDs) in the Baltic Sea by identification
Load more

Recommended publications
  • WO 2015/095882 Al 25 June 2015 (25.06.2015) W P O P C T
    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2015/095882 Al 25 June 2015 (25.06.2015) W P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every C12Q 1/68 (2006.0 1) C12Q 1/70 (2006.0 1) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, (21) International Application Number: BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, PCT/US20 14/07 1963 DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, (22) International Filing Date: HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, 22 December 2014 (22. 12.2014) KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, (25) Filing Language: English PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, (26) Publication Language: English SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. (30) Priority Data: 61/ 19,663 20 December 201 3 (20. 12.20 13) US (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, (71) Applicant: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, ST, SZ, OF CALIFORNIA [US/US]; 1111 Franklin Street, TZ, UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, Twelfth Floor, Oakland, CA 94607-5200 (US).
    [Show full text]
  • EARTH Title Description ENTITIES ATTRIBUTES DYNAMIC ASPECTS
    EARTH Title Description ENTITIES ATTRIBUTES DYNAMIC ASPECTS DIMENSIONS ACCESSORY TERMS <EFFECTS AND SINGLE EVENTS> <STRUCTURE AND MORPHOLOGY> ACTIVITIES COMPOSITION CONDITIONS GENERAL TERMS IMMATERIAL ENTITIES MATERIAL ENTITIES PROCESSES PROPERTIES TIME <ABIOTIC ENVIRONMENT PROCESSES> <BIOECOLOGICAL PROCESSES> <COGNITIVE PROCESSES> <COMPLEX> <MENTAL CONSTRUCTS> <PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROCESSES> <PHYSICAL OPERATIONS> <POLICY ACTIVITIES> <PROCESSES OF COMPLEX SYSTEMS (BY GENERAL TYPE)> <PROCESSES RELATED TO MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS> <PRODUCTIVE SECTORS> <SOCIAL AND CULTURAL ACTIVITIES> <SOCIAL, CULTURAL AND POLICY PROCESSES> INDUSTRY LIVING ENTITIES NON LIVING ENTITIES <ABSTRACT CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES> <DISPOSAL AND RESTORATION> <KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS> <MANIPULATION, PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION> <MEASURES> <METHODS AND TECHNIQUES> <PARAMETERS, CRITERIA AND FACTORS> <REPRESENTATION AND ELABORATION SYSTEMS> ARTIFICIAL ENTITIES BIOECOLOGICAL ENTITIES DATA NATURAL ENTITIES NATURAL SPACES BY GENERAL TYPES SOCIAL ENTITIES <ABIOTIC ENVIRONMENT> <BUILT ENVIRONMENT> <EARTH CONSTITUENTS AND MATERIALS> <MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS> <OPEN SPACES, CULTURAL LANDSCAPES> <PARTS> <PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS> <WHOLE> EQUIPMENT AND TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS symbiotic organisms technological systems <ATMOSPHERE ENVIRONMENT> <ECOSYSTEM ABIOTIC COMPONENTS> <EXTRATERRESTRIAL ENVIRONMENT> <GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS AND CLIMATIC ZONES> <TERRESTRIAL ENVIRONMENT> <WATER ENVIRONMENT> <CONTINENTAL WATER ENVIRONMENT> <OCEANIC WATER ENVIRONMENT> <TERRESTRIAL AREAS AND LANDFORMS> geological
    [Show full text]
  • Fear Or Report Name. Pdf
    S==dz 3 fate The electronic version of this file/report should have the file name: Type of document . S jte Number . Year-Month . File J'ea.2- Fear or Report name. pdf I , .pdf example: letter. Year-Month. File Year-Year . pdf worY-fhn. R\0... 905-004. /989- 02-01· Cloiu re-z>), 41*18 4- VOLZ .pdf . example:, report . Site Number . Year-Month . Report Name . pdf · · - Project Site numbers ·will be proceeded by the following:. Municipal Brownfields -' B . Superfund - HW Spills - SP ER:P-E VCP -V BCP-C 1 Engineering Report 1 1 PALMER STREET LANDFILL 1 CLOSURE/POST-CLOSURE PLAN (EPA ID NYD002126910) 1 VOLUME 11 : APPENDICES 1 Y 1 2 1 Moench Tanning Company 1 Diision of Brown Group, Inc. Gowanda, New York J 1 1 October 4. 1985 Revised November 1987 Revised February 1989 1 Revised August 1989 Project No. 0605-12-1 1 IRNI ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS & PLANNERS 1 1 1 =Isr 1 MOENCH TANNING COMPANY PALMER STREET LANDFILL CLOSURE/POST-CLOSURE PLAN 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 VOLUME 1 Page 1 1.0 FACILITY DESCRIPTION ........... 1 1 1 1 1.1 General Description ........... ... 1.1.1 Products Produced ........ 1 1 1.1.2 Site Description ........ 1 2 1 1 2 1.2 Waste Generation ........./. .. 1.2.1 Maximum Hazardous Waste Inventory 1 4 1.3 Landfill Operation ........... 1 5 1 6 1 1.4 Topographic Map ........... .. 1.5 Facility Location Information ...... 1 6 1.5.1 Seismic Standard ........ .. 1 6 1 1.5.2 Floodplain Standard ....... 1 -6 1 7 1.5.3 Demonstration of Compliance ..
    [Show full text]
  • (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2011/0309017 A1 Hassler Et Al
    US 2011 0309017A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2011/0309017 A1 Hassler et al. (43) Pub. Date: Dec. 22, 2011 (54) METHODS AND DEVICES FOR ENHANCING CO2F I/44 (2006.01) CONTAMINANT REMOVAL BY RARE CO2F I/72 (2006.01) EARTHIS CO2F L/70 (2006.01) CO2F I/52 (2006.01) (75) Inventors: Carl R. Hassler, Gig Harbor, WA CO2F I/42 (2006.01) (US); John L. Burba, III, Parker, CO2F I/26 (2006.01) CO (US); Charles F. Whitehead, CO2F I/68 (2006.01) Henderson, NV (US); Joseph CO2F IOI/30 (2006.01) Lupo, Henderson, NV (US); CO2F IOI/2O (2006.01) Timothy L. Oriard, Issaquah, WA CO2F IOI/22 (2006.01) (US) CO2F IOI/12 (2006.01) CO2F IOI/14 (2006.01) (73) Assignee: MOLYCORP MINERALS, LLC, CO2F IOI/IO (2006.01) Greenwood Village, CO (US) CO2F IOI/38 (2006.01) CO2F IOI/16 (2006.01) (21) Appl. No.: 13/086,247 CO2F IOI/36 (2006.01) CO2F IOI/34 2006.O1 (22) Filed: Apr. 13, 2011 ( ) Related U.S. Application Data (52) U.S. Cl. ......... 210/638; 210/749; 210/753: 210/758: (60) Provisional application No. 61/323,758, filed on Apr. 210/757: 210/723; 210/668; 295.839; 13, 2010, provisional application No. 61/325,996, s filed on Apr. 20, 2010. Publication Classification (57) ABSTRACT (51) Int. Cl. Embodiments are provided for removing a variety of con CO2F I/00 (2006.01) taminants using both rare earth and non-rare earth-containing CO2F I/76 (2006.01) treatment elements.
    [Show full text]
  • Natural Products in Chemical Biology Natural Products in Chemical Biology
    NATURAL PRODUCTS IN CHEMICAL BIOLOGY NATURAL PRODUCTS IN CHEMICAL BIOLOGY Edited by NATANYA CIVJAN A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION Copyright © 2012 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 750-4470, or on the web at www.copyright.com.Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley.com/go/permission. Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty: While the publisher and author have used their best efforts in preparing this book, they make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this book and specifically disclaim any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives or written sales materials. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situation. You should consult with a professional where appropriate.
    [Show full text]
  • Chlorine Can Bring Chemistry to Life: Introduce Students to Chemistry Without Tackling the Whole Periodic Table at Once
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 393 650 SE 056 326 AUTHOR Selnes, Marvin TITLE Chlorine Can Bring Chemistry to Life: Introduce Students to Chemistry without Tackling the Whole Periodic Table At Once. INSTITUTION Chlorine Chemistry Council, Washington, DC. PUB DATE 92 NOTE 17p. AVAILABLE FROM Chlorine Chemistry Council, Suite 300, 1901 L Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20036. PUB TYPE Guides Classroom Use Teaching Guides (For Teacher) (052) Guides Classroom Use Instructional Materials (For Learner) (051) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC01 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Chemistry; Science Activities; Science Instruction; Science Interests; *Scientific Concepts; Secondary Education; Student Interests; Worksheets IDENTIFIERS *Chlorine ABSTRACT Recognizing basic elements as building blocks is essential to the study of science, and looking closer at one element in particular, chlorine, can help ignite students' interest in chemistry. This document contains a 2-day study of building block chemistry using basic concepts and easy-to-find materials. Teaching materials include objectives, safety notes, disposal of solutions, teaching strategies, sample student data table, chlorine background information, chlorine chemistry and product tree, and student worksheets. (MKR) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made * from the original document. * Introduce students to chemistry without 1 1.o'cience Scope Article Reprint tackling the whole periodic table atonce. I 2. 3. _ 4._ 5. 6. 7. PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE THIS U 8 DEPARTMENT Of EDUCATION 1 MATT RIAL HAS REEN G ANTE BY , '..n' ( rl.s, abnnel Freswelc end IinpowrnnI i .;A TIONAI (IF SOURCES INFORMATION CF NTF (4 IERICI 8. ',.s hal been reproduced es I.On IN. pel.0 CO ONISnittinn 9.
    [Show full text]
  • Influence of Reaction Parameters on the Bottom-Up Synthesis of Two
    TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAT¨ MUNCHEN¨ Fakult¨at fur¨ Physik Oskar-von-Miller Lehrstuhl fur¨ Wissenschaftskommunikation Influence of Reaction Parameters on the Bottom{Up Synthesis of Two{Dimensional Polymers Stefan Schlogl¨ Vollst¨andiger Abdruck der von der Fakult¨at fur¨ Physik der Technischen Universit¨at Munchen¨ zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) genehmigten Dissertation. Vorsitzender: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Martin Zacharias Prufer¨ der Dissertation: 1. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Wolfgang M. Heckl 2. Univ.-Prof. Dr. Friedrich Simmel Die Dissertation wurde am 20.02.2013 bei der Technischen Universit¨at Munchen¨ eingereicht und durch die Fakult¨at fur¨ Physik am 12.04.2013 angenommen. "The only remedy for superstition is science." "Das einzige Mittel gegen den Aberglauben ist die Wissenschaft." Henry Thomas Buckle (1861) from History of Civilization in England, 2nd vol., J.W. Parker & Son: London, p. 142. Contents List of Acronyms vii Abstract ix 1 Introduction1 2 Theoretical Background3 2.1 Surface Chemistry............................3 2.1.1 Polymerization..........................3 2.1.2 Homolysis.............................4 2.1.3 Performed Polymerization Reactions..............4 2.2 Molecular Interactions..........................5 2.2.1 Molecular Building Blocks....................5 2.2.2 Role of Functional Groups....................7 2.2.3 Intermolecular Interactions at Surfaces.............8 2.3 Density Functional Theory........................9 2.3.1 Historical Evolution of DFT................... 10 2.3.2 Jacob's Ladder.......................... 10 2.3.3 Basis Sets............................. 11 2.3.4 Computational Realization of DFT............... 12 2.3.5 Basis Set Superposition Error and Counterpoise correction.. 13 3 Experimental Methods 15 3.1 Scanning Tunneling Microscopy..................... 15 3.1.1 Basic principles of vacuum tunneling.............
    [Show full text]
  • Scientific Review on the Link Between the Narcotic Effects of Solvents and (Developmental) Neurotoxicity Final Report Prepared F
    Scientific review on the link between the narcotic effects of solvents and (developmental) neurotoxicity Final report Prepared for ECHA Contract Number : ECA.6677-E3 DMG de Groot Cerespark 1, 5844AE Stevensbeek, NL March 2017 Scientific Review (Final Report, R1): OECD TG 443, Organic Solvents, DNT triggers 14 March 2017 Scientific review on the link between the narcotic effects of solvents and (developmental) neurotoxicity Contract Number: ECA.6677-E3 March 2017 Final Report Prepared for the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) by DMG de Groot PhD, ERT Cerespark 1, 5844AE Stevensbeek, NL Tel: +31 644 163 121 Email: [email protected] Document Change Record Report Version Date Change details Outline 31 Augustus 2016 Draft Final report V1 30 September 2016 Prepared in light of ECHA comments discussed (by teleconference) 25-08-2016; 09-09-2016 Draft Final report R1 02 October 2016 Finetuning (referenceslist; tables) Draft Final report R2 25 October 2016 Revised in light of (written) ECHA comments Draft Final report R3 22 November 2016 Revised in light of ECHA comments discussed (by teleconference) 10-11-2016 Final report V1 09 January 2017 Completed in light of (written) ECHA comments Final report R1 14 March 2017 Finetuning (executive summary; chapter numbering) in light of ECHA comments discussed (by teleconference) 02-03-2017 Disclaimer The views and propositions expressed herein are, unless otherwise stated, those of DMG de Groot and do not necessarily represent any official view of ECHA. DMG de Groot PhD, ERT i Scientific Review (Final Report, R1): OECD TG 443, Organic Solvents, DNT triggers 14 March 2017 Table of Contents Document Change Record ..…………………………………………………………………………………………..…………..….….
    [Show full text]
  • Organic Pollutants in Food and Environmental Samples of Bangladesh
    TABLE OF CONTENTS Oral presentations (Or 1-Or 99) POSTERS Analytical methodology (Ana P1-P68) Chemistry in conservation, archaeology and art (Art P1-P3) Atmospheric chemistry (Atm P1-P18) Inorganic environmental chemistry (Ino P1-P42) Organic environmental chemistry (Org P1-P80) In-silico tools in risk assessment (Sil P1-16) Sustainable chemistry (Sus P1-P16) Chemical environmental toxicology (Tox P1-P37) Oral presentations Abstracts Or 1- Or 99 Or 1 Preparation of magnetic nanocomposite beads by green-oriented methods and their application in water remediation S. Abramson1, C. Meiller1, P. Beaunier2, V. Dupuis1, L. Perrigaud1, A. Bée1 and V. Cabuil1 1Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Electrolytes, Colloïdes et Sciences Analytiques - (PECSA-UMR 7195 UPMC-CNRS-ESPCI) UPMC – 4, place Jussieu - 75 252 Paris cedex 5 – France 2Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS-UMR 7197 UPMC-CNRS) UPMC – 4, place Jussieu - 75 252 Paris cedex 5 - France The use of magnetic materials as adsorbents or heterogeneous catalysts in wastewater treatment is an innovative technology that is increasingly studied. [1] Indeed these materials may be easily recovered by the simple application of an external magnetic field given by a magnet or an electromagnet. This separation technique may be more interesting than conventional recovery methods such as filtration or decantation, particularly when the effluents contain particles in suspension. Here we describe the preparation of magnetic nanocomposite beads for water remediation using green-oriented methods. We have thus prepared millimeter-sized magnetic silica beads using alginate as a green biopolymer template. Biopolymers produced from renewable resources are increasingly used in the synthesis of nanocomposite materials since they comply with the requirements of green chemistry and induce an original organization of the material, frequently at a multiscale level [2].
    [Show full text]
  • Biodegradation of Fluorinated Telomer Compounds As a Source of Perfluorinated Acid Formation in the Environment
    BIODEGRADATION OF FLUORINATED TELOMER COMPOUNDS AS A SOURCE OF PERFLUORINATED ACID FORMATION IN THE ENVIRONMENT by Mary Joyce Dinglasan-Panlilio A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy Department of Chemistry University of Toronto © Copyright by Mary Joyce Dinglasan-Panlilio, 2008 Library and Bibliotheque et 1*1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-39784-8 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-39784-8 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non­ L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par Plntemet, prefer, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans loan, distribute and sell theses le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non­ sur support microforme, papier, electronique commercial purposes, in microform, et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. this thesis. Neither the thesis Ni la these ni des extraits substantiels de nor substantial extracts from it celle-ci ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement may be printed or otherwise reproduits sans son autorisation.
    [Show full text]
  • A Dissertation Submitted To
    A dissertation submitted to the Institute of Environmental Physics and Remote Sensing Faculty of Physics and Electrical Engineering University of Bremen, Germany in partial fulfilment for the award of the degree Doctor of Natural Sciences by Oluyemi Temitayo Afe B.Sc. (Hons) Engineering Physics, M.Sc (Physics) Bremen, October 2005 Retrieval and Observations of Atmospheric BrO from SCIAMACHY nadir Measurements Front-page Image: BrO Explosion Event in Arctic Polar Spring (Monthly mean for April 2003) as observed by SCIAMACHY onboard ENVISAT. Upper photo: ESA’s ten-instrument ENVISAT in orbit has been observing the Earths atmosphere for more than three years. Picture by EADS Astrium. Credits: EADS Astrium, GmbH. i …. He stretches out the north over empty space, He hangs the world upon nothing. He binds up the water in His thick clouds, yet the clouds are not broken under it. He covers the face of His throne, and spreads his clouds over it. He drew a circular horizon on the face of the waters, at the boundary of light and darkness. The pillars of heaven tremble, and are astonished at his rebuke Job 26: 7-11 ii iii Referees: Prof. Dr. John P. Burrows Institute of Environmental Physics & Institute for Remote Sensing, University of Bremen, Germany Prof. Dr. Otto Schrems Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany Dr. Andreas Richter Institute of Environmental Physics & Institute for Remote Sensing, University of Bremen, Germany The work described in this thesis was performed at the Institute of Environmental Physics and Remote Sensing, University of Bremen, Germany. The research was supported in parts by the European Union (THALOZ Project EVK2-2001-00104), the German Ministry of Science and Education (BMBF), the German Aerospace Agency (DLR) and the University of Bremen.
    [Show full text]
  • Stable Isotopes of Bromine Available from ISOFLEX
    Stable isotopes of bromine available from ISOFLEX Atomic Natural Enrichment Isotope Z(p) N(n) Chemical Form Mass Abundance Level Br-79 35 44 78.918338 50.69% >99.00% Sodium Bromide Br-81 35 46 80.91629 49.31% >99.00% Sodium Bromide Bromine was discovered in 1825 and 1826 by Carl Jacob Löwig and Antoine-Jérôme Balard, respectively. It takes its name from the Greek word bromos, meaning "stench." Its compounds were used well before it was recognized as an element: a purple dye called "Tyrian purple" was produced using an organobromine compound as well as an excretion from a particular kind of mussel. Bromine is a dark reddish-brown liquid with a strong, disagreeable odor. It is the only nonmetallic element that remains a liquid at ambient temperatures; it solidifies at -7.2 ºC. It is sparingly soluble in water and soluble in common organic solvents. Most reactions of bromine are similar to those of other halogens, and its reactivity falls between those of chlorine and iodine. It readily attacks a number of metals, including alkali and alkaline earth metals, palladium, platinum, aluminum, copper, antimony and tin, forming their bromides, which are normally vigorous-to-violent reactions. It oxidizes a number of substances, including metal carbides, carbonyls, hydrides and organic substances. Bromine combines with fluorine at room temperature, forming bromine trifluoride. The reaction produces a luminous flame. Combination reactions occur with several nonmetals. In aqueous solutions, bromine hydrolyzes slightly, forming unstable hypobromous acid, which decomposes to hydrobromic acid and oxygen, causing the bleaching action of bromine water.
    [Show full text]