H ISTO R Y O F THE

PENNSYLV A NIA HO SPITAL UNIT

B A . A SE H s. U . OSPITA L No. 1 0 ( , )

IN TH E GR EA T W A R

I am a soldier and now bound t o France.

c oan : l 1. J .

Then did Sir Knight abandon dwelling li A nd out he rode a colone ng. ’ $ $ Bur m a s Hummu s.

N EW YO R K

O BBER PA UL B. H

1 9 2 1 C 1 2 OPYRIGHT, 9 I R By PA UL B . HOEBE

Marcb 1 2 1 P ublished, 9

U H 4 7 0 A 2 13 IO

P rinted in the United States of A merica CONTENTS

ORGANIZATION OF THE UN IT TH E UN IT IN ACTIVE SE RVICE H Y TH E N N C O F B E H N L O . I O ISTOR OF URSI G ORPS AS OSPITA ,

U . S . A AMUSEMENTS TH E PADRE A ND THE UN IT AT BRITISH CASUALTY CLEARING STATIONS Tw o at u lt 6 1 Months Cas a y Station No . Pl f an o Casualt le t N . 6 1 B . E . F y C aring S ation o , . A Week at Casualty Clearing Station No . 3 2 a al 2 C su ty Clearing Station No . 3 L MOBI E HOSPITAL NO . 8 E F D TACHED TOUR O SERVICE OF MAJ OR WILLIAM J . TAYLOR SERVICE O F MEMBERS AFTE R DETACHMENT FROM BASE HOSPI

TA L NO . 16 . TH E HOME UNIT CONTRIBUTORS REGISTRAR ’ S STATISTICS

H L N. R E O F P NN YL N B E O 10 . OST R E S VA IA AS OSPITA , The Hospit al Company Supplementary Personnel

SE RVICE S O F OFFICERS O F BASE HOSPITAL NO . IO N NURSIN G PE RSONN EL O F BASE HOSPITAL O . IO

N O F B H L NO . 10 U . S . A . N F URSES ASE OSPITA , TRA S ERRED DU N TH E BIG E A N A L 1 18 A L RI G V CUATIO , PRI 4, 9 TO PRI 20 1 18 , 9 N UN N FE DE R E S URSES WHO LEFT THE IT BY TRA S R, ATH, OR IGNA TION NURSE S TRANSFERRE D AFTER TH E ARMISTICE 6 CONTENTS

OFFICERS A ND ENLISTE D ME N WHO R E TURN E D WITH THE TH E UNIT NURSE S WHO RETURNE D WITH TH E UN IT MEMBE RS O F ORIGINAL UN IT WHO DID N OT RE TURN WITH TH E UN IT N N SUPPLEMENTARY PE RSONNEL WHO J OI ED THE UIT SEPT . 1 1 NOT RE N TH E UN T 9 7, WHO DID TUR WITH I NURSE S DE TACH E D FROM THE UN IT TO REMAI N WITH

F. THE A . E . L N E CIVI IA EMPLOY S WHO REMAI NED WITH THE A . N L LABORATORY OF BASE HOSPITAL NO . 10 AT BRITISH GE ERA

H L NO . 16 LE . OSPITA , TREPORT CORRE SPONDE NCE ’ ’ A N INDEx O F TH E UN IN O E IT, OR WHO S WHO THE FFIC RS MESS ER R A T A

— “ Pa e Inst a of Cana an enera H os ita No. 49 e d , i G l p l 47 g “ d rea Cana ian enera H os ital No. 2 . d, d G l p — “ ” Inst ea of Colone C ar es S . ack 65 , l l , d “ h J - rea Lieut enant Co one C ar es 8 . ack . d, l l h l J — “ ” 8 Inst ea of Colonel Mi t cel 5 , l, d “ h - rea Lieut enant Co one Mitce . d, l l h ll — “ 2 Inst ead of the S rin of 1 1 9 , p 9 9 , “ g rea the S rin of 1 1 8 . d, p g 9 — “ Inst ea of Durin the S rin of 1 1 93 , p 9 9 , d “ g g rea Durin t he S rin of 1 1 8 . d, g p g 9 “ — Instead of In the S r n of 93 , p i “ g rea In t he S rin of 1 1 8 . d, p g 9 — “ Inst ea of In u 93 , J ly, d “ rea In u 1 1 8 . d, J ly, 9 “ — Inst ead of In u 1 1 94 , J ly, 9 9 , “ rea In u 1 1 8 . d, J ly, 9 — “ Inst ea of In Se t ember 1 1 94 , p 9 9 , d “ rea In Se t ember 1 1 8 . d, p 9 — Inst of In t he bi us of 1 1 99 ea , g p 9 9 , d “ h rea In the bi us of 1 1 8 . d, g p h 9 - W 1 6 Inst ea of Pv t . o n . 7 , J J d “ h W ck . rea Pv t . ohn . a d, J J

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

e l H e Steel En av n F ont s ece P nnsy vania ospital , Philad lphia ( gr i g) r i p i

. H . H t e Maj Richard ar and Maj . Matthew A . De La e l e 1 2 1 acn . n y, Phi ad lphia, May, 9 7 f i g p 3 The e H t al e H P nnsylvania ospi Unit, Bas ospital

N . 10 . S . A . ea e 18 o , U , l ving Philad lphia, May ,

1 1 . 9 7 . facing p . 3 4 f e of e H i e H O fic rs P nnsylvania osp tal Unit, Bas ospital

N . 10 . S . . e of e e o , U A in charg British G n ral

H . 16 . . F. L ci . 8 N B E e e e . a ospital o , , Tr port, Franc f ng p 3

H . H e Of e N . 16 e e Major Richard art in his fic , o G n ral

H B . . F. Le Tre ort e acin . 2 ospital, E , p , Franc f g p 4

f h aci . 6 Panoramic view o t e hospital area at Le Treport . f ng p 4

e t he in . 8 Private Lewis D . K ndall in operating room facg p 4 ’ An English woman s impressions of t he Americans P playing football . en and ink sketch by Miss e - one of t he chaufierines a e St wart Smith, p g 53 Miss Stewart-Smit h depicts further exciting incidents h e in t e American game pag 54.

Of e Of e e H N . 16 B . . F British fic rs G n ral ospital o , E e 1 1 t he e e t he e in Jun , 9 7, at tim wh n P nnsylvania

Hospital Unit arrived facing p . 54 ’ The conclusions of t he Americans game as viewed by Miss Stewart-Smith page 55

Distributing a convoy of surgical cases to t he wards facing p . 56 Major Ne in distributing a convoy of Medical Cases

r l H N . 1 . . acn . 6 Gene a O 6 B . at British ospital , E F f i g p 5

acn . The incinerators . f i g p 58 — Th f e e 0. e Disin ecting Plant Privat Alb rt Johnson,

I r. e t . Charles . Kendall J r. , S rg Ist Class , W , ,

acin . 8 H . Corp . arry B Thompson f g p 5 8 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

A corner Of t he Group of mat rons of t he hospitals In t he Le Treport

area . x M he Captains Vau and itc ll and Major Taylor, Miss McClelland Burk e , Miss y, Miss Wagn r, and t he O e Miss Murphy, in p rating room f f e of e e H t al Group o o fic rs P nnsylvania Unit, Bas ospi

N en ute for e . O . 10 , ro hom

- L e e e e . t e i ut nant Colon l Charl s F Mi ch ll , Commanding

f e e e H al NO . 16 B . . O fic r, British G n ral ospit , E F

Le e e . a n . Tr port, Franc f ci g p 74

e . t NO . 16 Miss Margar t A Dunlop, Ma ron , (Phila

e . . . e e H B . . F. d lphia, U S A ) G n ral ospital, E ,

Le e e her O f e acin . 6 Tr port, Franc , in fic f g p 7 e of t he e H e Nurs s P nnsylvania ospital Unit, Bas

N . . A . H a O . 10 S e e ospit l , U , at British G n ral

F. L a n H N . c . 80 O . 16 . e e e . ospital , B E , Tr port, Franc f i g p

f f H a n . 86 Marching to t he uneral O Private Kenneth B . ay f ci g p Th f f . H e acin . 8 uneral o Private Kenneth B ay . f g p 6 f f H cin t he e . a 88 Marching to un ral o Miss elen Fairchild f g p . e of He e ac 88 Fun ral Miss l n Fairchild f ing p .

u H F. L e e e . . e e e . acn . 2 Mo nt uon C m t ry, B E , Tr port, Franc f i g p 9 The f grave o Miss Helen E . Fairchild in Mount Huon

e . F. e e . Le e . ce acn . 2 C m t ry, B E , Tr port, Fran f i g p 9 ’ The Nurses Concert Troupe Pennsylvania Hospital

se H 0 . 10 Le e acn . 108 Unit, Ba ospital N , at Tr port f i g p The e e a 1 band in r pos f cing p . I 0 The band in action “ The H e e t o e a 2 actors in What app n d Jon s f cing p . 1 1 e J efi r Padr e ys . e H Padr oare . e l e e of He e ac Fun ra S rvic Miss l n Fairchild f ing p . 13 2 The f l t e of e H N O . 10 . . . a ootba l am Bas ospital , U S A f cing p . 13 4

NO . 16 General H L A surgical ward in , ospital , e

. . a n 1 0 f ci g p . 5 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

’ Ge rman prisoners quarters at Le Treport facing p .

German prisoners of war at Le Treport facing p . n faci g p . En route for Home facing P

N 8 acn . Mobile Unit O . f i g p N Le ce t o t e e H O . 16 Entran Bri ish G n ral ospital ,

facing p . Convalescent patients leaving t he admission and discharge b ut at Brit ish General Hospital

cn . . 16 Le e r a No , Tr po t f i g p Ambulance presented to t he Pennsylvania Hospital

f . H . e Unit through t he kindness o Mr W . Kingsl y

of Philadelphia facing p . cin e NO . 8 . . a . Mobil Unit , U S A f g p

’ O N FAME S ET ERNAL CAMPING GR OUND THE IR SI LE NT TENT S A RE SPR E AD A ND GLOR Y GUAR DS WITH SOLEMN R OUND T H E BIV OUAC O F T H E DE AD

T H E FO LL OWING M EM B ER S O F T H E UN IT E A T L E RE PO R FR A N C E DI D T T,

mber 2 1 1 KENNE B . HA Y ov e TH N 9, 9 7

L anuar 1 8 1 1 8 HELEN FAIR CHI D J y , 9

L A C T Oct ober 1 1 8 PAU N . OS A 9

ME A LLEN Oct ober 2 1 1 8 JA S 3 , 9

ct ober 2 1 1 8 DO C H NEY O , FR ANK X. 5 9

A Oct ober 0 1 1 8 JOHN W ESLEY THOM S 3 , 9

ORGANIZATION ” OF T HE UNIT

B Y COLONEL RICHARD H ; H ARTE; M. C . ,

z EF o an account , of OR E . attempting t give h f the activities .of t e personnel o the Hospi t al

' . a ItO riat e t hat tsome Unit, it would seem pp p mention should b e made o f the general

O f i as scheme, the origin, and the aim these Hosp tal Units

or er, .t o outlined by the American Red Cross . And in d

t he make the matter more intelligible to casual reader, a i i i little review of the Red Cross history and zit s ract v t es will be necessary .

As n ed s was is generally known , the America R Cro s

l . i n118 the outgrowth of the Geneva Convention he d 63 , ff composed of delegates from - the di erent countries , t u which recommended that . there should exis i every country a committee whose mission is to co-Operate in times of war with the hospital services of the country n of by all means in its power . The Geneva Conventio

— f r I 864 6 gave definite status to certain O ficial, ecognized

b us oi - . volunteer aid societies . These societies , eca e the

I I 10 12 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

‘ dis character of the insignia or badge adopted to t inguish t heir personnel and material (a Greek red c l as ross on a white ground) , are universa ly known

e of Red Cross Societies . Since the tim the Geneva

O f Conv ention t o the beginning the World War, such societies have grown in strength and have become a w f n po er ul a d v aluable asset, in some countries , to the medical organization of their respective armies .

In i f t he i the Un ted States, a ter Civ l War and the bi r tte experience of the Spanish War, the nation at large recognized the difficulty of dealing with the sick and u r i wo nded in any great conflict o d saster , and the need and requirement of a thoroughly equipped Red

Cross organization with it s trained personnel . An attempt was made many years ago to have such an organization established on a permanent basis and to co- G so Operate with the overnment, that it might easily and quickly b e brought into requisition to meet any sudden emergency which should confront the nation as result of f f or the disaster ollowing fire, amine, flood a u r e rthq ake, o to respond promptly to the Govern m d w ar Th ent nee s in . e scheme as outlined was broad and r l f comprehensive, and met with the app ov a o the public . Funds were collected and some appropriation m b ade y the Government, but just how well the aims and ideals ar d were c rie out, or how judiciously the ap ro riat ed f e h p p unds were xpended, as been a subject of controversy which does not interest us at the present 1 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 3

. time Various attempts were made, with the assistance of re Congress , to strengthen the organization, to incorporate it , and to have a modification of it s name so that it should be known as the American National Red

Cross , with headquarters at Washington . Not wit hst and ing efforts to strengthen it by having the names of high

f f eneral public o ficials on its boards , it ailed to gain the g confidence of the public up to the time of the advent of the European War, although it had done excellent work in aiding and assisting the country in dealing with various calamities which occurred from time to

- time . It was to the efforts and interest of err President

f of Ta t and a group prominent persons in Washington , stimulated by the feeling that the country was gradu ally drifting from month to month nearer to the whirl

of w as pool war which engulfing the world at large, that the agitation for an American National Red Cross w as renewed .

w as not f as of It long a ter the inv ion Belgium , that a f strong eeling arose that something must be done , ff and done quickly , to relieve the su ering incident to the great masses that were being drawn into the conflict in f different parts of Europe . Organizations were ormed f f for the purpose o procuring unds and supplies , with the object of alleviating and assisting both the civil

s and the military situation . Many partisan societie were organized whose object was to render assistance either to the allies or to the central powers . These 10 I 4 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

independent organizations proved impractical , as they tended to cause friction among the different interested f governments . They also ailed to enlist the support and

felt sympathy of the U . S . Government, which , and

o all s rightfully s , that assistance to the belligerent should pass through the definite and recognized chan

of nels of the Red Cross . This attitude the Government at once gave enormous impetus to Red Cross activities : membership increased rapidly , and with it large sums

t he of money were soon available , donated by charitable

. and patriotically disposed throughout , the country Groups of men who were leaders in their respective i localities rallied to t s ranks . With such unquestioned leadership and support, the Red Cross immediately became an organization of great power and influence and could not but prove a most valuable adjunct to the

Government . The Red Cross Society was soon recognized as the only regular and permanent channel through which the public could work with any degree of assur ance of despatch and protection for their personnel or materials . It would be beyond the scope of this paper to detail

of the activities the Red Cross , which grew with leaps and bounds ; and we confine ourselves to that small portion of the stage which was intimately connected

of with the organization the Red Cross Base Hospitals . of ff These were the outcome the e orts of a . number of f r- a Sighted persons who realized the gravity of the

10 I 6 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . be necessary to digress and to consider many things f of purely local interest . There were many actors which infl uenced its inception and gave those who were interested in it an insight as to its possibilities . Among these was a request from the British Government probably suggested by Sir William Osler, Hon . Robert Bacon and Sir Berkley Moynihan— to form and or

f r of 1 0 0 ganize the personnel o a hospital 4 beds , the

Imperial Government to supply all the material . This was considered seriously by a group of men associated with the Pennsylvania Hospital , and steps were in a progress to select the medical personnel , when a c ble gram was received by the writer not to make any further 1 efforts in this direction . About the same time a similar unit was organized in Boston under the support of Harvard University and

of . the direct command Dr Cabot, which subsequently a did excellent work at Etaples , ne r Boulogne . This

1 1 Boston unit sailed about December, 9 5 , although ,

a w as as stated bove , the Pennsylvania unit instructed

a 1 1 by c ble in July , 9 5 , not to proceed with its organiza

. f for V tion Shortly a ter this the writer sailed France , ia

1 1 London , arriving in Paris early in January , 9 6. There he immediately went on duty in the American Ambu

1 In t s connect on t s of nt eres t o recall a w en h r hi i i , i i t th t h t e p oj ect of this unit w as un er cons erat on t he Br t s aut or t es s owed t e r unctil ousn d id i , i i h h i i h h i p i ess re ardm nt e nat onal cov enan b g g i r i t s y t he st at ement t hat in Art icle XI of t he enev a Conv ent on of 1 06 t he consent of t he enem wo G i 9 , y uld hav e t o b e secured b efore sucan or anizat on coul b e ut zed ev en for t s st r ct h g i d ili , hi i ly humanitarian work . 1 I PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 7

lance , which was being reorganized by Dr . James P . Hutchinson who did such magnificent work during the

of later years the war . In the American Ambulance were many severely wounded , and one was thoroughly impressed with the inadequate facilities which we pos sessed at home for the care and treatment of the sick

f . and wounded , should we be drawn into the con lict

’ ’ six During the writer s months absence in France, an effort had been made in Philadelphia to re-organize and f f extend the Red Cross , and on his return he ound himsel elected chairman of the executive committee at a

. f i as meeting at which Mr Ta t presided . Th s committee formed was composed of a large number of persons with

so of German sympathies , that there existed a lack

co- was harmony and operation , which in marked con trast with similar Red Cross organizations in other cities . There were also in Philadelphia two other large and infl uential local movements on foot— the Pennsylvania

for of Mrs . Committee National Preparedness , which

was George W . Childs Drexel chairman ; and the Emer

e f gen y Aid Committee , which was doing much relie of work especially for France and Belgium . All three these organizations were attempting to do Red Cross

t of work , wi h many the most active workers belonging t o two or all O f the respective organizations . In July Colonel Kean visited Philadelphia and laid before the Red Cross the scheme for the SO-called Red 10 I 8 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

e of w as Cross Base Hospitals , the p rsonnel which to be drawn from some of our city hospitals . The plan as outlined w as submitted to the Managers of the Penn sylvania Hospital who immediately responded , and offered every facility to further the development of the scheme by generously offering the new organization f their support and cooperation , which a terwards proved such a valuable asset when the question arose as to the raising of funds for necessary equipment . This prompt action on the part of the management of the Pennsyl vania Hospital had an undoubted influence upon the

of of . Committee National Preparedness , which Mrs Drexel was president ; and it was through her foresight edness and patriotism that her Committee generously placed in the hands of the Director to be expended on necessary equipment for the proposed

Base Hospital .

was This placed the organization , which to be known

. 10 as Pennsylvania Base Hospital No , in a position to realize the importance of its obligation in procuring both the personnel and material , and at the same time prompted those in the Surgeon General ’ s Office in Washington to give their support and encouragement towards establishing other Base Hospital units in

Philadelphia , along the lines previously suggested by

. . e the U S Gov rnment acting through the Red Cross . No one who has not been actively engaged in Red Cross hospital organization can realize the impetus and PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 10 19 stimulation that this first contribution from the Com mit t ee on National Preparedness , gave to Base Hos

NO pital . I O . Immediately the entire Committee on National Pre paredness began to take a personal interest in its future

’ success , and interested others to make further liberal con t rib ut ions f towards equipment , as it was ound that the amount of 352 as originally Specified by the Govern ment w as inadequate and that almost double that w amount as required . With such working capital the director was able to make many advantageous pur chases of permanent supplies that could not be dupli cat ed after the opening of hostilities except at a great

. In advance in price this connection , a word should be said in appreciation of the valuable aid and assistance

f . . rendered by Colonel , now General , Rad ord , U S

. C . M , stationed at Broad Street and Washington e Avenue . Through his unusual exp rience and judg ment , most generously given at all times , we were able to avail ourselves of advantages in the purchasing

f for . 10 o materials , not only Base Hospital No , but also

f r . o Base Hospital No 3 4, which was connected with the

Episcopal Hospital in Philadelphia . While this process of organization was slowly pro

of 1 16 gressing , at the end 9 , a small expeditionary force w as sent into Mexico under General Pershing . In addition to this there was also a large military f force patrolling the Rio Grande , collected rom the 10 20 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

National Guards of our several states . In this large

- of of and not over disciplined body troops , whose idea f sanitation was far rom the best , several epidemics , f especially measles , broke out, ollowed by pneumonia

was with high mortality, which incident to the great

altitude and general surroundings . The public press began to criticize the hOSpit als and sanitary conditions in existing on the border . The National Red Cross

Washington soon became keenly alive to the situation , and were anxious to obtain information first -hand as

to actual facts . In order t o give the public a practical idea of what a

was w as Base Hospital , a trial mobilization suggested to the Red Cross , stimulated by the epidemic of poliomyelitis which caused SO much distress in the

East . At the meeting of the Nati onal Committee on

I 1 16 w Red Cross Medical Service, held June 5 , 9 , it as decided to make a demonstration mobilization of one f o No. the units , and Base Hospital 4 (Western Reserve) was selected to supply the personnel , while one of the

was New York units to supply the equipment . The

w as mobilization held in Fairmount Park , October 28, 1 16 9 , army tenting belonging to the U . S . Medical

e for D partment having been supplied the purpose ,

e of and er cted by a detachment regulars . This tem

orar p y encampment , whose object w as to demonstrate that the organization existing on paper was a practical

, and serviceable one was visited by many , including 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0

General Wood , and on the whole aroused much en t hu i s asm. f On the same day, in the a ternoon , a meeting was held at the Hotel Bellevue at which many problems relative to the units , noticeably the best type of port ff able building, were discussed by army o icers , Red

Cross representatives and other interested persons . At this meeting a committee was selected consisting of

a of M jor Patterson the Army , Commander Richard

son of the Navy , and Dr . Sidney R . Burnap of New and York the writer, and requested to visit and inspect all hospitals along the border and to report to Washing t on as soon as possible .

A S the task imposed was considerable, it was decided to divide the committee in order to economize in time — f and expense, two members visiting one portion o the

border, and two the other . The writer with Com n ma der, now Captain , Richards visited and inspected

hOS it alS S the military p ituated at El Paso , Deming

(Eagle Pass) , San Antonio , etc . This inspection was f f most ruit ul and instructive to the committee , and

much was seen to be avoided Should the U . S . be drawn

into hostilities , which then seemed inevitable as the

country was rapidly drifting in that direction . Probably the most glaring defects observed in hospital manage

of f ment were the small number emale trained nurses , and the rather primitive methods of sanitation with

the inevitable results . Thanks to typhoid prophylaxis

and care in the water supply, there was no repetition 10 22 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

was of the disastrous Spanish War experience . Much d seen to be commended also ; and t he experience ob t aIne was most valuable and w as appreciated by the Red Cross authorities in Washington . f After this inspection on the Mexican border, requent meetings of the medical personnel of Base Hospital No .

10 were held relative to equipment and organization .

of Mis s Dunlop , the Directress Nurses at the Penn sylvania Hospital , was unanimously selected to be in charge of the nursing department . By this selection

f not the Unit was most ortunate, as Miss Dunlop relied w only upon her o n civil experience , but had the addi t ional military and war experience gained while She was f l in charge o the American Ambulance at Neui ly, where She went t o t e- organize the nursing Situation in that

She f institution , and where had a wonder ul Opportunity f to become amiliar with the war problems , and incident ally to become acquainted with many of the finer touches of the French character which could only be acquired in a large hospital filled with wounded soldiers . A S soon as Miss Dunlop assumed the responsibility of n of organizing the nursi g department , a large group nurses who had trained and served in the Pennsylvania

her Hospital , mostly under instruction , immediately

for volunteered service in the Unit, became enrolled ,

e for and h ld themselves in readiness duty . This group included young women of matured judgment and ex

erience of p , many whom were holding positions of great

10 24 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

had of dressings , such as we been in the habit working

Too with at the Pennsylvania Hospital . much credit cannot be given to the efforts of these young women at d home , who despatche with marked regularity the surgical dressings which were so eagerly sought for at

1 . No . 6 General Hospital (Base Hospital No In addition to the nursing personnel we enlisted the

of S i services Miss Bettman , a k lled dietitian , who

as came under the same category the nurses , and who d rendere valuable service in France, especially in the preparation of a large portion of the Special diet for the group of cases of dysentery that were constantly

of coming to the isolation department our hospital ,

f r which cared o all the contagion of that area . We were

f r also fortunate in having the services o M s . Edward B .

Krumbhaar as a laboratory technician , who was

of granted permission, by the Secretary State , to aecom

. Krumb ha r a . pany her husband Capt , the pathologist A large number of students from the University of Pennsylvania and Haverford College presented them selves for enrollment . Thus a high order of intelligence

s was represented in the enlisted personnel , o that when on f we went active duty in France, we ound men with college educations often doing the most disagreeable work about the hospital with a thoroughness and care which made for the proper sanitation of the area and the general health of the patients and men entrusted

$

our e . A S w e to car the result , had the pleasure of seeing 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 25

’ of our many N . C . O S . gradually securing commis sions in different branches of the service for which they were particularly fitted , and in which they did such Signal serv ice to their country in different parts of

France . Among these men was much latent dramatic talent , which with a little training soon developed groups that played an important part in entertaining and amusing the patients and others in the area . It w as also a notable fact that the non-commissioned officers who were recruited from our personnel assumed

s in re ponsibility , accepted suggestions , and became t erest ed in the various problems which confronted

- them , in a way vastly superior to the non commissioned officers who were assigned to the unit and who had seen service with the army before the opening of hostilities . The medical personnel of the Unit represented a

- much smaller number, in all twenty three . They were selected almost entirely from the staff of the Penn sylvania Hospital , were keenly alive to its interests

and traditions , and ever ready to devote all their

energies to the work in hand . In this connection it is interesting to know that the Pennsylvania Hospital w as the first hospital in Penn sylvania selected for the formation of a Base Hospital

so r unit ; and justly , pa ticularly when we review the work that had been done in the wards of that time honored institution— the oldest hospital in America

during the past one hundred and seventy years . It has 10 26 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . cared for the Sick and wounded of all -the wars in which

e the country has b en involved , including the Colonial of wars with the French and Indians , the War the

of 18 12 Revolution , the War , the Mexican War, the

as War of the Rebellion , the Spanish War, and l tly the Great World War . ’ h i l 1 1 From the OSp t a s earliest inception in 75 , when Benjamin Franklin was the first secretary of the Board W f of Managers , he isely in used into the management an

of atmosphere broad liberality , generosity and pro

ressiv eness has fl g , which permanently in uenced every person who has been associated with the hospital to

h r the present time . This atmosphere as been espon sible in a great measure for the Signal work that has been done in its wards for the relief of suffering human ity and for the advance of medical science . At the call

fl 1 1 to the ag in 9 7, the same enterprising and liberal Spirit that responded one hundred and seventy years f before presented itsel again . Tradition has always

v been a marvelous incenti e, no matter whether the tradition belongs to an individual or to a nation , and is and always has been a factor for much good in strengthening the moral and mental fiber of individuals as d nothing else will o. w It as the traditions and atmosphere of the Pennsyl vania Hospital which so wonderfully assisted and st imu lated the work of the Unit after they took over the wards

of . 16 No General Hospital , one of the best equipped 1 2 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 7 hOS it alS p which the English had in France , and which they generously turned over to our management with out f any restrictions , urnishing us with all material f i or t s . In t o required Operation addition this , there was

of of an intimate knowledge each other, their capabilities and limitations , among the personnel , which made a combination in which it w as possible to work together to achieve the best results . Many had been abroad and had served in the work of the American Ambu

lance, and while there had obtained much valuable

f not in ormation , only in the Ambulance but in all the

of large hospitals Paris , which were teeming with every conceivable form of military surgery of the most

complicated and trying nature . I would be very remiss if I failed to emphasize the

importance of the Chaplain in the hospital organization . The Unit was most fortunate in obtaining the service ’

effer s of . of Dr . Edward M . J y , rector St Peter s Church

us in Philadelphia , who , upon joining , immediately threw himself body and soul into the work with which

f w as ff he w as con ronted , and untiring in his e orts to assist and help the members of the Unit at all times

as and under all conditions , as well the sick and wounded,

to whom he brought much cheer and comfort . He was

t o or always ready to minister the slightest need desire, and will ever be remembered by the patients in the

as f wards and the men in the barracks , their truest riend ff ’ and counsellor . In the o icers mess he was beloved and 1 0 28 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

w as e f respected by all . He an normous actor in relieving the enlisted men of the monotony incident to their con f t inued duties by his Friday night parties held in one o a the dining huts . On these occ sions , he was assisted by f f several o the nurses , who served light re reshments ,

recrt at rons while the men were entertained by speeches , , music, etc . The Unit w as fortunate In having assigned to it as

DeL ne of ffi . . a executive o cer Major M A y, the regular

ffi of Army , an o cer large experience and tact, having served in the Philippines , Hawaii , and later in charge of a large hospital on the Mexican border . Personally

of acquainted with many members the Unit, and with

of a large military experience, he was invaluable assist ance in organizing and placing the Unit on a thorough working basis . When we were finally assigned to the British Expeditionary Force and later transferred to

m 16 General our com and , Hospital, at Le Treport ,

DeLane as France, Major y executive head administered the duties and carried on the work of the hospital in a way most satisfactory in every detail to the English

w as Government, until he ordered to London as liason

ffi . was f ffi o cer His selection most ortunate, as the o ce

of required a person large experience , judgment and tact to meet and deal with many of the complicated I problems which arose daily . n appreciation of his valu

t he able service , British Government conferred O u him of f o . the order Companion St Michael and St . George . 1 2 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 9

The other two offi cers of the regular army attached t o McDi rmid the Unit were Captain a , Medical Corps , and Captain Kidwell , Quartermaster Corps . M Captain cDiarmid assumed the duties of Adjutant . Shortly after we were assigned to 16 General Hospital at Treport he was ordered to headquarters at Tours , f in the Department o Medical Supplies . Captain Kidwell as our quartermaster took charge ’ of all the Unit s effects and delivered everything in

S co- hape at Le Treport , where he immediately Operated with Captain Kinsella , the British Quartermaster in

r of 1 f cha ge 6 General Hospital . Un ortunately we soon

of as lost the service Captain Kidwell, he was ordered to duty with the A . E . F . at headquarters . I would feel remrss If I failed to take this Opportunity to express my thanks and unbounded gratitude to all

of — ffi the members the Unit the o cers , nurses , and — enlisted personnel for their magnificent loyalty and devotion to duty under most trying conditions ; at all times , both day and night, through rain and snow , they vied with one another in trying to make the work

of for ffi . so the Unit conspicuous e ciency So much , that we have the satisfaction of knowing that our work

our w as deeply appreciated by allies , the British , with whom we worked , and under whose direct orders we served and without whose cooperation our prob f lems would have been most di ficult . It is particularly gratifying to be able to state that 10 3 0 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . at no time was there any friction between our Unit

w as and their British allies . There only the splendid

IrI of ff Sp t generosity , patient determination , su ering and c without complaint, the willingness to oncede anything for what is right that is so characteristic

- ff of the English Speaking race . I believe every e ort Should be made to keep united all who Speak the mother If tongue . that be possible (and it Should be) then we will hold together a vast group whose ideals and in t erest s and are similar, whose words thoughts are the same, and who look at the world through the same If f glasses . this unity of ideals can be ostered and no jealousies permitted to creep in causing dissension, there will be an Englis h-Speaking race strong through out for h is the world , standing w at true and right, which will prove an unconquerable factor in maintaining f the peace o the world .

10 3 2 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

Norris at 15 20 Locust Street w as used as the recruiting bureau and in it applicants for enlistment underwent if their physical examinations and , accepted , were

. mustered in . Lieutenant Colonel Henry C Page,

e . . M dical Corps , U S Army , had supervision over this ff important work , and all the O icers and men were i examined and mustered in under h s inspection . Some drilling w as given the men in the Armory of the First

MacDiarmid City Troop , by Captain , assisted by some

’ of the Unit s officers who had had previous military experience .

- of On May 7, the managers and ex residents the Pennsylvania Hospital gave a farewell dinner to t he

ff of f o icers the Unit at the Bellevue Strat ord Hotel .

. . saw Dr George S Crampton , who subsequently much service in the A . E . F . in France, presented to each officer a Silver identification tag bearing the Hospital f ’ seal on one Side and the o ficer s name on the other . Gold replicas of these tags were subsequently made and presented by the managers and the Offi cers of the Reserve Unit to the wives of the Officers who went overseas .

16 On Wednesday, May , definite orders were received

e on that the Unit would l ave Philadelphia Friday , May

18 , and then all realized that the time which had seemed to be so far ahead at times during the last few weeks w as at last really in sight and the last forty- eight hours

e f passed with what seemed incredibl swi tness . H . M H . e ew D . . eLane Maj Richard art and Maj atth A y,

e 1 1 . Philad lphia, May, 9 7

1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 3 3

LEAV ING PHILADELPHIA

1 8 clear S . May dawned bright and , a lovely pring day The men were assembled at the Parish House of Calvary Church and from thence marched out to the freight depot of the Pennsylvania Railroad in West Phila delphia . Although but few in numbers the men made an inspiring picture as led by a few officers without any band or other spectacular accompaniment they marched out of , the first organized body United States soldiers to “ ” for leave Philadelphia service over there . Many eyes moistened and hearts throbbed as Spectators along the street realized the full import of what they were

. in witnessing Although but raw recruits , the men,

re of spi d by pride the service they were on , marched f well , and their fine appearance elicited many avorable

ffi not comments . At the station the o cers who had

e marched with the men , and the nurs s , were all assembled, and when the Signal was given for the train to start there w as not one straggler from the ranks . Aside from a number of relatives and friends who had gat hered to bid Godspeed to those they loved there

few of were but persons at the station, and the absence a curious crowd added to the solemnity and gave a

rom t i peculiar dignity to the occasion . With military p p d . an tude the train pulled out at 10 A . M the long jour ney had begun . A s the train whirled rapidly along the familiar route to New York , many were the emotions which surged in 10 3 4 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

our hearts as we reflected on what might be the length f of time and the experiences to be passed through be ore of w e Should see them again . But the thoughts the majority must have reverted to those who were obliged to remain behind t o wonder and worry at what was to f wh f be all those o had le t them , unbuoyed by the excitement and spurt of adventure which naturally occupied a large space in the minds of those whose good fortune had Opened a way for them to participate in the great adventure .

EMBARK ATION

On arriving at Jersey City an ample lunch was found

awaiting us at the restaurant in the railroad station, after eating which the Unit marched aboard a ferry boat and w as conveyed by It across the river to the dock

St . P aul was at which lay the , the steamer which to f f carry it over the Atlantic . The remainder o the a ter noon was occupied in settling down in our quarters

our and getting possessions stowed away . In the evening of i many the Unit went ashore , but, be it spoken to t s

not f - credit, a single man ailed to respond at roll call at

Six the next morning .

f our f A ter arrival in New York, and be ore sailing , the nurses all received from the R ed Cross the dark blue f uni orms which they were to wear, and their civilian

garments were sent back . It is needless to add that much

refitting , taking in, and letting out fwere necessary before

10 3 6 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . watch was maintained from various parts of the ship . Although on one occasion a periscope w as supposed to have been Sighted nothing more was seen of the dreaded pirates . On Sunday the Unit was assembled for divine

f . service in the dining saloon , its chaplain o ficiating

f our In the midst o the service guns were fired , without ,

or however, disturbing either the chaplain his congrega w tion . On going on deck we learned that the crew as f indulging in gun practice . It was perhaps ortunate that t he greater part of the passengers were below at this time for we learned subsequently that during

M n olia Similar practice on board the S . S . o g which sailed from New York at the same time with the St .

P aul of on , two nurses the Chicago Unit, who were the deck near the guns , were struck and instantly killed by pieces of metal which were thrown back by the discharge . The trip afforded an excellent Opportunity for the members of the Unit to become acquainted with one

- another . Aside from setting up exercis es and some rather desultory efforts at drilling there was but little

on S - to occupy the hours hip board , so that the medi cal officers sought t o beguile the tedium by inoculating the members of the Unit with the antityphoid and

e paratyphoid sera , th reby getting over that disagree able but highly useful performance when it would not

fe or e inter re with other duties pleasur s . 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 3 7

26 A . M. On Saturday, May , at about 9 , a destroyer was Sighted and the excitement and joy of all on board may be imagined when we discovered that she fl f was ying the United States lag , that she had put out f En lish or Si nifi rom an g Irish port , and realized the g

’ cant fact that the Ships of our country s navy were already actively cooperating with the Allied fleets .

t he The destroyer which met us bore number 59, and

She as came near we greeted her with cheers , to which her crew gave a hearty response . A short time later a Sister destroyer likewise came near and for some hours

they ran along with us , crossing our bows and dashing

our e . back around stern , like porpois s Late in the afternoon they left us and we were taken in charge by

- 8 British torpedo boat destroyers in their stead . At

P . M . we Sighted Bull Light and soon entered the Irish

Sea . All this day and the next as we approached the coast we were much impressed by the number of destroyers and mine sweepers which we passed busily

engaged in their protective labors .

ARRIV AL AT LIV ERPOOL

2 t he On Sunday, May 7, we entered Mersey and

P . at . M . we arrived at the dock at Liverpool

It w as too late to land and so we remained on board . The evening w as misty with a light rain and we were all much interested in the enormous quantity of ship ping in the port and in the absence of flights in the city 10 3 8 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . f and its neighborhood , not having yet become amiliar with the darkness which prevailed in all the cities of

England and France as a precautionary measure . 28 M . At A . on Monday , May , the Unit was debarked , a process carried out with remarkable celerity owing largely t o the absence of any customs or other formalities . Once ashore the enlisted personnel and a few of ffi off the o cers , marched to Blackpool where they were to be quartered until sent to France . The majority of the officers were quartered at the Northwestern

Hotel and the nurses at the Adelphi .

’ The arrangements for the Unit s accommodation had ll f i i ff a been made be ore its arr v al . Several Brit sh o icers were on the pier and attended to the details with such despatch that within a few hours all were com f ort abl for. f y provided Colonel Begbie, who had chie

of was . charge this matter, to be with us later The separation at Liverpool was the first that the f Unit experienced , and it will be necessary to ollow the fortunes of the two groups separately until their reunion in France .

a McDiarmid Capt in and Lieutenants Vaux , Dillard ,

Cadwalader, Earnshaw and Flick were detached and sent to Blackpool . When the baggage had been taken off the steamer and loaded on lorries by the details assigned to that work, the men were lined up and

- off . A s was marched the pier the day Whit Monday, a bank holiday , the streets were crowded and the people

PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 10 3 9

of our as gazed curiously at the sight men , headed by the Stars and Stripes and the Red Cross ensign , they marched through the streets of the city to the train

was which to take them to Blackpool . They were ac

on companied the trip , which lasted about two hours , by the General Manager of the London and Northwestern

. . . f P s l R R and Mr Baker, the representative o the enn y vania R . R . in Liverpool , who took the kindest interest

for f of in arranging the com ort the men on the way .

AT BLACK POOL

Blackpool reminded us very forcibly of Atlantic

City . It had been a popular seaside resort , but was now occupied as the General Headquarters of the Royal Army Medical Corps and over men were camped there in training for service in the Medical Corps . Never shall we forget the welcome we received as we f detrained . As the detachment marched rom the station into the street a military band played the “ Star ” “ Spangled Banner and God Save the King . The streets were crowded with people, all cheering and anxious to Show their appreciation of this early visible evidence that the United States had entered the war . The first remark of the English officer assigned to

“ ’ meet us was : It s jolly good of you Americans to come all this way to help us . Now what can I do to help ” you$ This continued to be the attitude of the British towards us during the whole of our long stay with them . 10 40 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

Our men were billeted in private houses and the officers quartered in a hotel and Small inn . The British officers in charge of the billeting were most energetic and thoughtful in their efforts to get everyone com

t he fort ab ly quartered . They personally saw to it that rooms were comfortable and luggage promptly sent to

of them . We were given printed copies the rules and orders t o be observed by us during our stay at Black pool . Our enlisted men met their new Situation with the same splendid equipoise which they manifested

of throughout their subsequent experiences . Some the officers going out from their quarters to those where the men had been put found the neighborhood sur rounded by a dense throng full of excitement at the spectacle of a baseball game which our personnel were busily staging . They made themselves v ery popular with their neighbors and hosts while they were in

uart ers f q at Blackpool , and made a most avorable impression on the British officers and men stationed in the huge camp there . The detachment remained at Blackpool twelve

it s in days , during which time members were given struction in gas and the use of gas masks and in litter drill . Many amusements and entertainments were

for provided them . Colonel and Mrs . Nash extended much hospitality to them . Several games of baseball

a e f were pl yed betwe n teams made up rom St. Louis

2 1 Base Hospital No . and the Pennsylvania Hospital

10 42 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . been crowded very closely all night they were given twenty minutes lay- over here and were allowed to get ur a cup of coffee in the nearby restaurant . O final destination was Southampton , where we arrived at We ran directly on to the docks and were not allowed to leave them all day .

sun was cl as as o The hot, and the ock hot only d cks

’ can b e the heat was intens e and made one think of “ Kipling 8 line : And the heat would make your bloom ing eyebrows crawl . All day long other trains loaded

of with troops arrived . There were a number boats

on of lined up both Sides the dock, but we were not told on which we were to sail until that afternoon . All our baggage and hospital supplies , which had been

f on unloaded rom the train, now had to be loaded the

. was S ship Finally at all in readiness , the hip loaded A and awaiting her orders . S an item of interest this

Northwestern Miller steamer was the , which in peace times ran between Philadelphia and London with

f . on as 1800 reight She had her a cargo men , 75 0 horses

of and mules , and the rest her hold was filled with high

. il d sa e P . M. explosives We at 7 , five other ships similarly packed with troops leaving with us .

IN LONDON 6 On Tuesday, June , the nurses and officers , except

those who had been sent with the men to Blackpool , went by train to London , where they were met at the H f H . e e 1 6 e e H Major Richard art in his o fic , No . G n ral ospital ,

. F. Le . e . B E , Tr port

10 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 43

— station by large char-a bancs and in them conveyed to ffi hotels , the o cers to the Curzon, the nurses to the

f e Waldor , in which th y were to be quartered until their departure for France . The succeeding days were passed in a pleasant suc

of war hOS it als or of cession visits to p , places historic

or V interest in London its immediate icinity, and in f attendance at theatrical per ormances . The members

of the Unit were invited to attend a service at St .

’ Paul s on the occasion of the presentation of the flag of

of the American Legion the Canadian Army, and also f on Empire Day . Many o them also were privileged to be present at an Open air investure by the King at

Hyde Park . In the hOSpit aIS and streets of London we first became familiar with the peculiar garb worn by all convalescent

or walking patients in British Military hospitals . This was a Short coatwith long trousers of blue mat erial some

what like denim , with a white lining inside the low

ff . rolling collars , cu s and trouser ends A red necktie

completed the costume . These suits were most practical garments and their usefulness cannot be t oo highly

do S commended . They away with the loppy appearance which inevitably comes t o all patients who have only

r their ordinary uniforms o clothes to wear, which are generally very much dilapidated when they enter the

of as hospital . It enables recognition a patient such

his of out immediately, thence lessening chance getting 44 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . I O

of of b ou nds , a thing great importance in a camp hospi “ ” e tal . Also under British r gulations men in blues are not required to salute and are exempt from other military requirements , and it is against the law to sell them liquor . In England also the Unit first saw in the hOSpit aIs the

’ as Women s Voluntary Aid Detachment or, they are ’

D . S universally known , the V . A . , at their labors , and

of most arduous they were . Women all classes could be n seen doi g the most menial work about the hospital, as well as driving ambulances and acting as assistants ff to the nurses and sta . There also they learned the “ of one British custom calling all nurses Sister, which w as quickly adopted by the Americans serving with the British .

Mrs . Whitelaw Reid and other American ladies busied themselves with procuring certain comforts and meces saries s as as with which our nurse were not provided , well with entertaining them .

CROSSING THE CHANNEL

28 f On Saturday, June , under the guidance o Colonel

ffi Frank M . Begbie, the o cers and nurses who were in

London were taken by train to Southampton . It was a perfect spring day and the English country through which the train bore us never looked more smiling

e f and b auti ul . Arriving at Southampton we were on f embarked a hospital ship, ormerly one of the Cas tle 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 45

of so of Line steamers , and caught a glimpse while doing our officers and men from Liverpool getting aboard the

t o steamer which was take them over . The trip across

f of f the Channel was ull interest . Few members o the Unit had ever been aboard a hospital Ship and we were greatly interested in inspecting the admirable arrange ments for the comfort and care of the sick which it

- presented , including a well equipped emergency Operat f im tion room , com ortable swinging beds , and the most maculate cleanliness . Passing out of the harbor of Southampton we saw t he

of great Netley Military hospital , and an aggregation

of f Shipping every kind and description, rom fishing smacks t o gigantic dreadnaughts . Our ship was escorted

of by destroyers , which there seemed an innumerable number dashing about in all directions .

ARRIV AL IN FRANCE

x 2 The ne t morning, June 9, we dropped anchor about

f on sub se A . M . o 4 in the port Havre, and gazed the

e e quently familiar Sights of a French port . W w re requested to get ourselves and our things O ff the boat as early as possible as some trainloads of wounded were expected who were t o b e placed on board our boat for its return trip . We complied with this request with alacrity and were soon assembled on the dock with all our luggage . We then learned that no arrangements had yet been made for our accommodation so that we 10 46 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

P of M . remained there until about 4 . None us regretted as the long wait, however, during it we saw many

r novel and interesting sights . Fi st, two hospital trains on arrived bearing wounded , who were placed the hospi

few tal Ship which we had vacated . A German prisoners were placed aboard with them . The process of transference from the train to the ship ut was carried out with greatest care, and yet with the f w most rapidity . It took but a e hours to accomplish f the entire business . Shortly a terwards a big steamer crawled slowly in , with a most tremendous list, and looking to be in immediate danger of Sinking . She had been struck by a torpedo near the bow and barely made

own . f the dock under her steam Shortly a ter, the ship bearing our officers and men who had been quartered at Blackpool arrived . Their trip , like ours , had been

f of unevent ul, but the Sight the ship which had been struck while making the crossing between the two Ships on which our detachment had come over, made a great impression on our minds .

f r u f At length orders came o s t o leave the whar .

ewlin Krumbhaar Captains N and , with the nurses and three women civilian employees , were to be sent by train at once to Le Treport . A few of the officers and the enlisted men were quartered in a camp on the outskirts of of Havre, and the rest the officers were provided with rooms in various hotels in the city . After finding the numerous places to which we had

N 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL o. 0 47

been assigned we strolled about the city , which pre d sente a very animated appearance . It being a Sunday afternoon everyone was in the streets and there were thousands of soldiers and sailors sitting about in the f numerous open air ca és . The civilian population was likewise bent on the usual Sunday afternoon amuse ments of a French city and dressed in it s best was pro menading or Sipping it s drinks in the balmy spring sunshine .

1 1 f The next day , Monday , June , the o ficers and men who had remained at Havre were ordered to entrain at 4 P . M . They all assembled at the station

as not where a train awaited them , but it did start

M. w until P . there as a long dreary wait in the depot . There were some British tanks awaiting trans port at ion on freight cars in the station -and some of us

of f were shown inside them by the o ficers in charge, Captain Spencer Ovington and Captain William

Arthur Faulkner of the British Army . Captain Faulkner had passed much time in the United States , the latter f ’ part o it at Cramp s shipyard in Philadelphia, where he had known Major Harte and some of our officers . Subsequently he paid the Unit sev eral Visits at Le

h w as . Treport, w ere he always a welcome guest The train rolled Slowly along with frequent delays through out the night and the subsequent day, passing through

Amiens and Beauvais , finally arriving at Le Treport in the early afternoon . 10 48 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . LE TREPORT

Prev rous to the Great War Le Treport had been a ” or little fishing town and seashore resort , plage, Situated on the Shore of the Channel at the mouth of a prett y little stream which forms the dividing line

between it and another very Similar little town, Mers ,

the two forming practically one community . On either ff side of the little valley in which it lies are high cli s , or “ ” f l f . a aises , rising abruptly rom the seabeach At high tide the waves break high against these ; when the tide

' is low there is left exposed a long stretch of Shingly

beach , covered with hard stones and rocks , with here

and there little stretches of sand . On the land above the falaises the rich farmland is cultivated right to their ff edge . Over these fields and along the cli s one could

for f walk miles through beauti ul rural scenery, with

of e the Channel always in view, displaying convoys v ssels

or loaded with munitions other supplies , guarded by

destroyers , and with aeroplanes and dirigibles hovering

over them along the route . The British military authorities had taken over for hospital purposes a large area situated on the falaises adjacent to Le Treport and had constructed on it a

of number hospitals and a convalescent depot . These were reached from the town by a road which wound

gradually up back of the cliffs . For those on foot there

of f were two methods ascent, a unicular railroad , and a series of flights of cement steps built in the sides of the

1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 49 cliffs which bordered the valley in which Le Treport

f was old f lay . The unicular and decrepit and requently f d f w aile to unctionate, and it as unanimously agreed that it s use was one of the risks of the war which attended those who sojourned at Le Treport .

few f f There was a large hotel , the Trianon , a eet rom

of f the upper landing the unicular, which had been taken over by the British and was known as British General

. f m l . o a s a l Hospital No 3 A sort annex to this , building

as f w as as known the Gol Hotel , occupied a hospital

’ for ff w as as af o icers , and known Lady Murray s , ter the English lady who had equipped it and had charge

of it s e . . t o managem nt Another hospital , No 47, adjacent

of . these , was in charge Canadians The Convalescent

it s Depot No . 3 adjoined the area, and in about center

w S . 16 as ituated British General Hospital No , to which f . 10 . . o Base Hospital No U S Army was assigned , and which it soon took complete charge . Number 16 British General Hospital had a bed capacity for 223 2 patients . It was constructed entirely of huts and tents which were arranged in radiations

- extending in a half circle from a center . The other half of the circle w as formed of Similar huts and tents

The constituting Canadian General Hospital No . 47. center of the t w o hospitals w as the Operating rooms

- f . and x ray plants , rom which the first huts proceeded These were substantially built and were known as the “ ” of of white huts because their color, being made 10 50 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

f of galvanized iron . Our hospital had our them and

as of they were used for severe surgical c es , because their proximity to the operating room and the ease with which patients could be transported to and from it . A road ran circularly around their outer ends , across “ ” so- a which were the c lled black huts , which were

of really dark brown in color, and which there were

b for four for each white ut . These were used less severely wounded and convalescent surgical patients . On the f outer perimeter o the circle were the medical huts . Separated by a Space of some yards from t he main “ was hospital the Isolation Division , in which all infectious or contagious diseases were placed . It con

f of sisted o a number huts and tents , separated by f rather wide intervals rom each other . Between the two divisions and on their outer b ordersw ere the cooks ’ and of tents , quartermasters huts , barracks and tents the personnel . A large dining hut in which 700 men could eat at a time was built on a space between the medical and surgical huts , in which all patients able to walk got their meals . At the entrance to the street which ran between the surgical huts was the Admission and Discharge Hut, in which all walking patients were e r ceived , examined , and assigned to the appropriate wards ; where every morning walking patients were d dresse , and at which patients were given their final f inspection previous to discharge rom the Hospital . The officers were quartered in a one-story wooden

10 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . BASE ‘ HOSPITAL N PENNSYLVANIA O . 10 53 10 54 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

building with three corridors , having bedrooms along

- - f . them , a dining room , sitting room and kitchen A ter the Unit had occupied the hospital for some months

- and a bath room with a tub , running hot cold water,

w as b enificent and a shower, installed through the

f of ffi activity o some the o cers , and proved a great d t o f of . an addition the com ort the mess Two, in some

ffi . instances three, o cers were quartered in each room Each room had a small coal stove and even in the coldest weather could be made warm and com

fort ab le. The nurses ’ quarters were across the main road running through the hospital area . These were in huts , attached to one another by corridors , having a large room divided into two parts serving respectively for a

- - dining room and Sitting room . The entire area was traversed by good hard macadam roads . The hospital grounds around the huts were at

W was of first in grass , hich the despair the sergeant de

ut ed of p to thetask keeping them mowed and neat looking . At a later period every available foot of ground was ploughed up and planted with potatoes and other vegetables . This gardening work was entered upon with great zeal , all the men in their available moments being employed in its prosecution .

' There was one of the British Expedit ionary~ Force on canteens the area , also a large British Y . M . C . A . n canteen , and a bar like building run in connection

1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 55 with it which was used for concerts and dramatic performances . Near the Hospital was a golf links which had once fl ourished in connection with the hotel , and at Lady ’ Murray s were some tennis courts . The Tommies had constructed a cricket crease on which they pursued their n w as f ational game, and it not long a ter their arrival before the Americans had made a baseball diamond on which they likewise could indulge in their national

w as for pastime . Football also provided when the season arrived . On their first Thanksgiving Day the Americans arranged a game among themselves and the comments on it s roughness by the Tommies among the excited spectators were very interesting . Upon its arrival the Unit received the most courteous and kindly welcome from the British officers who were

was in charge of the Hospital . It learned subsequently that our assignment to this particular hospital had been the cause of much quite natural chagrin to our f British con reres , as it was regarded as a particularly

interesting and pleasant place , and it was hard on those who had borne the burden and heat of the day to be replaced by a group of Americans who had hitherto

undergone no hardships , nor even proven their ability um for the work to be done . The British authorities doubtedly tried to do the best in their power to acknowl edge the assistance they were beginning to receive from the United States and those who were fortunate 10 56 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

enough t o be associated with them at an early period must ever feel a sense of gratitude not only to the higher

s f of authoritie , but also to o ficers rank more nearly

our for was corresponding with own , the kindliness that so generally shown to the newcomers when they were commencing their association with the grim realities of war . GETTING SETTLED AT LE TREPORT

For some days after our arrival we were all kept busy learning the nature of the work which lay before us and familiarizing ourselves with what would be our future

duties . The British officers gradually departed and in a few weeks the Unit was in entire charge of the Hos l . ffi as pital There on y remained a British o cer registrar,

of a British quartermaster, and a British Church

of England chaplain , with the occasional addition a

- f non con ormist padre . The ambulance service for the ent ire area was con ducted by the Women’ s Motor Ambulance Convoy

- 0 . No . I There were about thirty fiv e or forty ambulances

for as all cared , as well driven , by women , and most splendidly they did their work . They were a fine lot of

oun w omen healthy , strong y g , who were quartered in

the huge garage in which the cars were kept, near the

Trianon Hotel . The patients practically all arrived or left the hOSpit als in the area by train from the station

in Le Treport . The hospital which w as to receive a con

1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 5 7 v oy would be notified a few hours ahead of the time it might be expected to arrive . The ambulances would be sent to the station and there they would remain some

for f f unex times hours be ore the train , a ter some

ect ed . p delay , arrived The patients would be loaded in the motors and driven up the long steep road to the h S it als for O p , unloaded , and the ambulance sent back f more . Convoys always seemed by pre erence t o get in

of or f r it in the middle the night just be o e dawn , and took hours from the time these women were called and

out started until they could return to their quarters ,

f for o ten to be immediately recalled , possibly another convoy 01 some other emergency service . Always

f ob lr rn f or willing, cheer ul , and g g, never driving ast

so as S t he carelessly, to pare patient every unnecessary

w on of jolt , they the universal admiration everyone who saw them at their daily task . It w as in this work that our enlisted men also showed

of the mettle they were made of. Few them had ever come in contact with sickness and suffering on a large

or h scale before . We had but two t ree who had ever had the slightest experience in hospital work . There ff were among them college students , clerks , chau eurs , mechanics , draughtsmen , and some Older men who had enlisted through their eagerness to get into active f service , and a ear that their age might militate against their acceptance for enlistment in a combatant unit . When the arrival of a convoy was signalled a station 10 58 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . party would be sent to the station to transfer patients of from the train to the ambulances . Other groups the men would be stationed on the receiving platforms of the medical and surgical divisions to unload the ambu lances on their arrival . Another group would be sent to the Admission and Discharge Hut to receive the walk

out ing patients , make their cards , and take them to the wards to which they were assigned . With incredible

few f adaptability in a days , these men became amiliar with their work and no light or easy work it was . The ambulances would be loaded and unloaded with the

of ff minimum su ering to the patients , and the latter,

f in extr is ff o ten em or in desperate su ering , conveyed to f cot . a , and placed at rest without discom ort or pain The accomplishment of this work required many hours of f fre hard physical labor, o ten in cold wet weather,

his quently at night, but not a man would flag in energy till every patient had received all the required attention . The reverse process of loading a convoy to leave the Hospital was equally hard physical work, but the labor was greatly lightened by the pathetic joy with which patients hailed the chance to get to “ ” Blighty . Few of us could have realized the full SIgnificance of homesickness until we had the opport u mity to see the eagerness with which the wounded British soldier longed for the decision that his wound was S O serious that he would be sent to Blighty . The sympathy the men showed to one another was nowise The Incinerators .

Th f . . e 0 r. e e e e . I st disin cting plant Privat Alb rt Johnson , J , S rgt

. H . . en r. . y . Class Chas W K dall , J , Corp arr B Thompson

1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 59 better indicated than when they showed their joy t o one of their number on his approaching departure for

console h se Blighty, or in their attempts to .t o who were

so f u not ort nate , although their hopes might have

of been excited by the reception a severe wound .

ENGLISH AND CANADIAN OFFICERS With many English and Canadian officers the rela

f e tions o t h Unit became very close . It is impossible to

' name all those to whose friendly offices we were in

for ffi debted much kindness , not only o cial but social , in the long course of our stay ; but to a few we owe a debt of gratitude which it is a great pleasure to acknowl

edge .

ffi Colonel Frank W . Begbie , who welcomed us o cially

us at Liverpool and from thence escorted to London ,

f our f watched over our wel are there during brie stay ,

sub se and then accompanied us to Southampton , quently came to Le Treport as commandant of the f Hospital area . His tall figure and kindly ace dwell in f our memory , along with his uni orm courtesy and the pains which he ever took to help us in the perform

ance of our duties . Colonel Hugh Champneys Thurston was in command 1 of British General Hospital No . 6 when we first arrived ,

and it was under his immediate supervision that the transference of the Hospital took place and we assumed

charge of the hospital . Nothing could exceed the tact 10 60 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . and good-will with which he conducted this delicate

so procedure, rendered the more by his necessary ignorance of the qualifications which the Unit collee t iv ely and individually possessed to assume the task .

That the exchange took place smoothly , without the f f least riction, and with absolutely no inter erence with

of the routine work such a large and active hospital, w as largely attributable to his ability and kindliness .

of . Colonel H . D . Rowan , who was in command No 47 f . . o British Hospital , later became A . D . M S the area

e and his relations with the Unit w re most pleasant .

as in A tall , spare man , he walked around the area

hOS it alS specting the p under his charge, and giving kindly greetings t o the American offi cers whom he met, we soon got to know him well and to esteem him

our f among those whom we were proud to call riends . He was succeeded as Assistant Director Medical Service f our . by riend , Colonel Begbie A report by Colonel Rowan of his inspection of the

2 1 1 S Hospital on December , 9 7, is appended , as howing

of on his Opinion the Hospital that date . (See p . As we were serving with the British Expeditionary a Force and entirely ttached to it, the district in which we were was controlled by British medical authorities and the consultants attached to the area were all

British officers .

The British surgical consultant at the time of our

e i arrival was Colon l Franc s Mitchell Caird , of Edin

10 62 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

w as im their care . The Contagious Division a most f portant responsibility , as it received rom the entire

as area all patients suffering from contagious dise e . f These cas es included measles , scarlet ever, diphtheria,

’ Vincent s angina, mumps , etc . , and their proper isola tion not only from others but from one another was a

was matter of great diffi culty . Colonel Pasteur ever

of hi ready to aid wherever he could be service, and s willingness and Skill elicited the hearty appreciation of all those who had the Opportunity of availing

e f th mselves o them .

DISTINGUISHED V ISITOR S

From time to time the Hospital was Visited officially by the chief authorities of the British Expeditionary

f of Force, and their universally riendly words encourage ment and approval were a great stimulus to our efforts “ ” - to carry ou. Among such distinguished visitors may be mentioned

Slo et t S Lieutenant General Sir Arthur gg , a plendid

of type Englishman , who had been awarded the Vic toria Cross for an act of bravery during the war in the f Soudan, and to whose administrative ability much o the success of the British medical establishment in

France was due . Major General Sir Anthony Bowlby inspected the

on n of f Hospital a umber occasions . The author o

on several widely known textbooks surgical subjects , A corner of t he kitchen .

1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 63 his great skill and practical ability was of invaluable service particularly in placing the surgical service in the advanced areas on an efficient working basis

Meakins Major General Sir George , the distinguished

r of of of i P esident the College Physicians London , n s ect ed n p the medical division on more than o e occasion . The Unit w as honored by the unofficial visits of many

of persons prominence . Among these were Cardinal

of Bourne, the primate the Roman Catholic Church

n c of in E gland , and Bishops Israels and Mc ormick , t he f Protestant Episcopal Church o the United States .

Mr . E . H . Sothern and Mr . and Mrs . Winthrop Ames

ne f stopped in o a ternoon and drank tea . They were on a tour for the purpose of establishing a system of dramatic

f r o f . . entertainments the amusement o the A E F .

Sir Thomas Myles , the distinguished Dublin surgeon ,

V old f isited his riend Colonel Harte, in company with

General Sir Robert Jones , Sir Berkley Moynihan and f o . Dr . Stiles , Edinburgh

of . . . Brigadier General W . W . Atterbury, the A E F

for on one as also drove in luncheon occasion , did

Colonel H . C . Booz, another Pennsylvania Railroad man , who w as among the engineers from that great organiza tion whose labors in establishing a transportation

. . so system for the A E F . made great an impression on

of the French . Colonel Hodge, yet another the engineers

F. in the A . E . , stopped in to visit his cousin Captain

f . Edward B . Hodge, and other riends in the Unit I O 64 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

Lieutenant Commander Robert LeCont e and Lieut al of as e nant Commander James E . T ley , Naval B e i of . o Hospital No 5 , the Methodist Ep sc pal Hospital unit old f f Philadelphia, visited their riends rom the same

w as city . Another welcome visitor Colonel James P , f Hutchinson o Philadelphia, whose long service and splendid work at American Red Cross Military Hospi

n . . 1 has S tal No , at Neuilly , done him eh credit

THE WORK AT LE TREPORT

of 10 The amount work done by Base Hospital No .

l 1 of enera . 6 while in charge British G Hospital No , may be gathered from a brief resumeof the statistics of the

’ f e f 1 1 1 registrar s o fic during the period rom June 3 , 9 7,

1 1 18 f to December 3 , 9 , about eighteen and a hal

. 202 months (See pp ,

1 There were admitted during that time patients , f f o whom were wounded and sick . O

e 8 of 1 0 of thes 3 9 the wounded and 4 the Sick died, making a total of 5 3 8 deaths . f There were surgical operations per ormed, the great majority for the removal of missiles or their

f l of . ragments , but also a arge number amputations

of of The patients were chiefly , course , members the i British Exped tionary Force, including British , Scotch , Z f Irish, Australian , New ealand, South A rican and

Canadian soldiers , the total number of American

of soldiers admitted being but whom 44 died . l Le e e Group of matrons of t he hOSpit a s in t he Tr port ar a .

10 66 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

A detailed statement of the work carried out in the little one-story corrugated iron hut in which the lab oratory was lodged Shows that no less than pathological and bacteriological examinations were made f 1 1 18 . O in the period from June 3 , 9 these exam i f inat ons 3 18 were autopsies , which were p er ormed in the little mortuary which served all the hOSpit als

was ff r located in the area . Much assistance a o ded

K m h ar Bout illier Major ru b a by Privates Le , Stevens d at . . a secon and W B Smith , year medical student, t ached as orderlies to the laboratory . Patients who succumbed to their wounds or to disease in any of the hOSpit als in the area were buried in the English military cemetery at Mont Huon about f a mile by road from the hospitals . Be ore our arrival there had been another English cemetery laid out in connection with the French cemetery at Le Treport , t f but his had been filled, and Shortly be ore our arrival ff . w as o sur the new one opened It just a main road ,

of rounded by great fields , with a View the Channel in the distance . The Americans were greatly impressed f with the respect shown by the British or their dead . Every funeral was attended by a commissioned officer

of i and squad enlisted men , who marched beh nd the ambulance conveying the plain pine b ox in which was placed the body . The Chaplain of the belief to which the a man belonged preceded the mbulance . Arrived at the cemetery the body w as reverently borne to the grave

1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 67 on of the shoulders the men , the Chaplain read a short service , and all stood at attention while the bugler “ blew the last post , the British equivalent to our

taps . The German prisoners who died in the area were buried with the same respect, the body in such instances being borne to the grave by other German prisoners , escorted by a guard . The English were very much impressed with the work of our women anesthetists , Miss Burkey and Miss

Murphy . Throughout the British Army anesthetics had hitherto only been administered by doctors and when Shortly after our arrival our women began their work they were greatly as tonished . The skill and care which w as displayed soon caused their amazement to yield to ad i w mirat on. The idea as soon adopted by the British

S of 1 18 authorities , and in the early pring 9 classes were formed of British nurses who received instruction at our

f of hospital and at several others , and be ore the end the war a number of British nursing Sisters were performing the duties of anesthetists in various hospitals throughout the B . E . F . Another striking diflerence between the practice of the British and ours was in the much more prevalent use of chloroform by them as a general anesthetic in f f pre erence to ether . O course this custom prevails in

s a their civil surgery , the only rea on pparently being

as s that the use of ether an ane thetic began in America, whereas that of chloroform was discovered by Sir James 1 0 68 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

of Y . Simpson of Edinburgh ; consequently the use each anesthetic w as more widespread in the country in which it was first introduced . The traditional care with which the British Govern ment looks after the welfare of its soldiers w as nowhere better exemplified than in t he hospital . Every day a dispatch was sent to London containing lists of the names of patients who were considered as in a serious

f e condition . I a man were dangerously ill a Special tel gram was sent the War Ofli ce informing it of his condi “ ” “ - s . . . . tion . These were the o called S I and D I lists

’ As soon as a patient s name w as placed on the D . I . list his family was notified and two and sometimes more of

f f of his them , wi e, mother or ather, or some other kin , were brought to his bedside in a wonderfully short

-f time, sometimes within less than twenty our hours , and there they could remain until their loved one was

of or if was . out danger, he died until he laid at rest

The British Y . M . C . A . maintained a hostel in which

s the e relatives were housed , and though it used to be inexpressibly sad to see these mournful little groups about the bedside or at the grave , the consolation to them and to the patient must have been very great . Their gratitude was often touchingly expressed and it was very beautiful to see the sympathy they mani fest ed towards others who were in the same plight, or towards the patients with whom they came in contact f during their brie stay about the Hospital . 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 69

It seemed to us in the course of our relations with the British Army that much of its wonderful success as a fighting machine depended upon the solicitude shown

for also on by the government the men, and the care f which the British o ficer always manifested for them . ff The Tommy looked up to his o icer, respected him , and had confidence in him because he realized that the officer was willing to sacrifice himself for his men not only in little but in big things . At the casualty clearing stations and elsewhere when there were many wounded to be cared for and the surgeons and nurses were over

oflicer w as run , the British always solicitous that the wounded Tommies should be looked after before f x himsel , and his an iety in this respect was repaid by a corresponding desire on the part of the private soldier that his officer Should have every care and attention that could be bestowed upon him .

REINFORCEMENTS FOR THE UNIT

. 1 0 Pennsylvania Hospital Unit, Base Hospital No ,

. . A . had U S , been organized with the idea that it would have charge of a hospital of 5 00 beds . It was therefore obvious that to run a hospital of beds there must n be an addition to its personnel . I reply to Colonel

’ DeLane s f y urgent request, a rein orcement comprising

8 f 0 s w as f o ficers , 47 enlisted men , and 3 nurse , sent rom mm d f . co an o Philadelphia The men under . Lieutenant

. . l 1 8 1 1 on H B Wilmer, sai ed on August , 9 7, the S . S . 1 0 70 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

A urania, but the nurses were delayed and did not sail

1 1 until August, 9 7, when they embarked under com

. . Baltic. mand of Captain J . Paul Austin on the S S Lieutenant Wilmer and his detachment had an unev ent ful voyage, landing at Liverpool , thence proceeding by f train to Southampton , rom which port they crossed f the Channel to Havre, and rom there were sent to s Dieppe, where they were met by ambulance which took

on . them to Le Treport, arriving September 7 Captain

Austin and the nurses arrived on September 2 1 . Much of the success with which the pleasant relations between the Unit and the British were achieved must

’ be attributed to the tact and ability wit h which the Unit was directed and managed by Colonel Matthew f . C . . . . In o A . Delaney, M , U S A the course his career as an army officer he had acquired a rare knowledge of men, and his courteous yet firm manner, and his thorough acquaintance with military affairs and ad ministrative matters , made a great impression upon the

British ofli cers . Avoiding all misunderstandings and very direct in all his dealings they held him in esteem as a soldier at the same time that they enjoyed his society as a man .

ROUTINE AT LE TREPORT

1 1 1 18 D e On March th , 9 , Colonel eLaney left t h Unit

Oflicer n l to become Liaison in Lo don , and Lt . Co . Harte

of took over the command the Hospital . During the

10 72 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

d f after the armistice w as signe , although ortunately no i l attempt was ever made to bomb any of the hOSp t a s in our immediate vicinity . In June Captain Packard began a course of lectures on French History t o the members Of the Unit . These lectures Captain Packard continued until September

1 18 f as 9, 9 , when he le t to take up his new duties con

- sult ant in ot o laryngology for the Paris district .

1 18 was con August, 9 , a very busy month with daily v oys and a corresponding number of evacuations . From d August 3 to August 3 oth , the area received

for - cases , a thousand a day twenty seven consecutive

1 f . days . No . 6 took o these Early in October the Mobile Hospital under com

f . 16 of r . mand Major Edwa d B Hodge le t No , and de parted for Paris for equipment and extra personnel .

of f ffi It consisted our o cers , twenty nurses , and thirty enlisted men . About the middle of October the number of officers f was reduced to fi teen , which made more than plenty of for as was f work all , the Hospital running about ull , and the usual number of officers required for a hospital f it o s was . e 2 t h 1 18 size at least thirty On Octob r 4 , 9 , orders arrived for Colonel Harte to proceed to Brest for embarkation to the United States . He departed i t h t he command November 4 , and was taken over by

Major Charles F . Mitchell .

10 74 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

of f 12 2 a grand total 3 9 o ficers , 5 nurses , and 3 7 enlisted f 1 . men , 49 in all Shortly a ter this orders were received for all those who had not been in the service a year to proceed to various camps in the A . E . F . These, together with a few nurses who volunteered to remain

our in France, depleted ranks so that finally we returned

- ffi to the United States with twenty eight o cers , one hundred nurses and one hundred and seventy-nine enlisted men . d f On February 3 , all patients were trans erred t o

l . f General Hospita No 47, and rom that date on the hos pital was demobilized . All the stores were collected

a of and housed in couple huts , and placed under the f A of o . . charge Major Lunney British rmy O M C . In the early part of March our nurses were sent in batches to Vannes where they were splendidly looked

l . f . f . o o a ter by Lt C Veeder the St Louis Unit, which was n f stationed ear that city, in the little town o f Plouharnel in the heart o old Brittany .

t h . . 2 flicer On March 4 , Lt Col Sweet with 5 o s and

1 54 enlisted men proceeded to Plouharnel , arriving '

March 7t h. They were comfort ably housed In what was f l . r ormerly a monastery . Lt . Co Mitchell with Majo N ewlin and 25 enlisted men remained at Le Treport to n complete the closi g of the hospital . Finally this last

f for 12t h contingent le t Vannes March , reaching f their destination the ollowing day .

f 1 2 The nurses le t Plouharnel March t h for Brest, and Major Newlin w as sent to join them on the 15th - l l l mm f e L e e e e . e i ut nant Colon Char s F Mitch l , Co anding O fic r,

L . F. e e B sh e e H s a NO . 1 6 . . riti G n ral o pit l , B E , Tr port

HISTORY OF THE NURS ING CORPS OF

1 U. . . BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 S A

BY MARGARET A . DUNLOP

HE early history of the Nursing Corps of Base

10 . . A . Hospital NO . , U S , primarily begins with the Red Cross Nursing Department organized

- by Miss Jane Delano, well known national figure in the f nursing world of America . She conceived the idea o an enrollment of trained nurses of standard rank who would pledge themselves under the Red Cross to take

of their part in local disasters , and in the time war to be regarded as an Army Reserve Corps prepared t o go any

where at the call of the Government as a war measure .

i was The enrollment, particularly here in Ph ladelphia,

carried on unobtrusively for several years . Couse f quently when Dr . Richard H . Harte a ter his return in 19 16 from service at the American Ambulance asked that a Pennsylvania Hospital nursing unit of fifty nurses be secured for the nursing service of a Red Cross

was army unit to be organized in Philadelphia , it an f easy matter to gather together such women . A ter securing the promise from the Managers for the services of the Superintendent of Nurses of the Pennsylvania

w as Hospital, such an organization started , with the 76 . 1 6 . . . e . 0 e Miss Margar t A Dunlop , Matron , N (Philad lphia, U S A ) L E . F. e e h r f . e e H . e e G n ral ospital , B , Tr port, in o fic

10 78 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

hos rt al nurses reporting every two hours at the p , the nurses not living at the hospital being cared for at the home of Mrs . George W . Childs Drexel . During this time Captain McDiarmid administered the oath of

of -fiv e allegiance . Measurements were taken the sixty women and sent t o a wholesale clothing house in New

for f of York uni orms , we knew not what color, shape or kind .

MARCHING ORDERS

of 1 . On the night May 7th , Major Matthew A

Delaney , the newly appointed military commanding

ffi of No. 10 o cer Base Hospital , telegraphed the order

’ that the nurses were to be sent before ten o clock the next morning, in small groups , without any publicity, a to the Pennsylvani Railroad , West Philadelphia station , destination unknown . Meeting at the station f the o ficers and enlisted personnel , we were all whisked ff o together by Special train .

We reached Jersey City about noon where, through

f of the oresight the Quartermaster, Captain Kidwell, we were served with luncheon . From luncheon we were marched to the ferryboat and the first real thrill$was f i elt when the nurses, in passing the Pennsylvania Ra l road employees , were given a rousing cheer . Arriving at the pier in New York City we were taken at once to

. . P the S S St . aul . Here we were met by the American Red Cross committee with the uniforms made from 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 79

the measurements taken the preceding week . The uni forms on the whole were well made and fitted very well f under the circumstances . The dark blue uni orms , coats and b at s were very somber and the nurses became “ ” known as the Pennsylvania Hospital orphans .

f of f c But a ter many months service , the uni orm be ame very dear to us and the comfort and protection that it secured to us in France were very much appreciated .

Very late that evening we were joined on the St . P aul f 2 1 . . s by Base Hospital No . rom St Louis , Missouri The e two units with a few other passengers made up the

f P . passenger list o the St . aul

THE V OYAGE Early Saturday morning we left New York with

f of a eeling excitement, anticipation , dread, uncertainty

In few our and considerable homesickness . a hours

of homeland was lost to view, many us wondering when

how ee and we should s it again .

- was f for t he The ten day voyage delight ul , except

of and f few s of usual touch sickness , , or a days , the re ult the doses of antitoxin which seemed to be very freely given to us . From the amount given , it seemed to the

as on nurses though , reaching France, we would be f f germ proo . The ocean seemed destitute o ships and it was with much delight that we hailed the little Ameri can destroyers off the coast of Ireland when we came into the war zone for submarines . The last night on 10 80 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

w as on board was not one for comfort . It Spent sitting the deck with life belts on and small valuables handy .

Without mishap , however, we finally reached Liverpool

2 h ff May 8t , were welcomed by two military o icers and of the British army , Colonel Begbie Colonel

t he of Johnston, and we became guests the English

of government , Colonel Johnston taking charge the nurs ing personnel and Colonel Begbie of the officers . Colo nel Johnston was a maneminently fitted to take charge

- of one hundred and twenty three women . We were taken in big buses to the Hotel Adelphi and the nurses were given liberty to see the city . Here they experienced

o of f the first t uch the sympathy , riendliness and hospi — tality of the English people a people whom later we

came to know and admire for their many fine qualities . Many were the tales brought back by the nurses of the friendliness and little courtesies and kindnesses extended to them by the people of Liverpool .

LONDON

By special train the next day, still under the guardian

of ship Colonel Johnston , the nurses were taken to

. en route of London While at one the stations , through

f of the thought ulness Colonel Johnston, tea baskets were brought into the train and the nurses for the first

of time partook the great English custom . We arrived

A . at London and were met by Colonel Bradley , U . S . ,

M . rs Mrs . and Bradley, Whitelaw Reid and a delega

1 8 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0

f tion rom the American colony in London . We were f made to eel as though very much wanted . The nurses

f Mrs . were taken in buses to the Hotel Waldor , White f f law Reid hersel taking charge o the two chief nurses . For ten days we were guests at the Hotel Waldorf and f every possible entertainment was shown us , and we eel sure that the nurses look back on these days as one of if n t o of . the greatest, the greatest , visit their lives At this point we were deserted by Colonel Johnston with

AS much regret on both sides . he expressed it he thor oughly enjoyed women of a new type who were ent hu i s ast icand adventurous . ’ The people of London seemed to consider themselves peculiarly the hosts of the Americans and many were

a of the happy and profit ble experiences the nurses ; teas ,

- s sight seeing , small parties , theatre ticket every night , ’

c Clarid e s . a re eption at g by Mrs Whitelaw Reid , a reception at the home of the American ambassador by f Mrs . Mr . and Henry Hines Page , and a glorious a ter

at of noon Cliveden , the home Lady Astor, who took f t he hearts of the nurses by storm by her jolly, riendly

of cordiality . The opportunity being at the meeting of the American colony when the London chapter of the American Red Cross was organized was of great i w as of value , as th s same organization such great help to us in France later . This period in London seemed

f - to us at first as a wonder ul joy ride, but later the wisdom of the scheme was understood . It brought the 6 10 82 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . American units who were to work with the Allies into a bond of kinship and good feeling that perhaps could not have been produced in any other way .

EN ROUTE TO FRANCE

On June 9t h word was received that we were to leave for Southampton the next morning and by special train we were carried off for transport to France . The

of one - movement hundred and twenty three women , one hundred and twenty-three trunks and one hundred and twenty- three hand- satchels seemed rather a big under f taking . However, a ter practice , all such transportation

of f proceeded like clock work . The plan movement rom first to last w as a division of the Unit into sections under n f section leaders , each leader receivi g her orders rom the Chief Nurse and being responsible for the prompt

of of ness her section , the appearance the baggage on

of time, and the reporting all things connected with that particular section . I cannot but express here the appreciation of the Chief Nurse at the promptitude and

- co Operation given by these nurses . Never during the many days of travel were we hampered by unpunct u

r ality o disobedience . The Channel crossing w as uneventful and we reached

1 M. r h. Havre about 0 A . June ot Being on board a hospital ship and finding that it was to return with wounded , we were hurriedly whisked off to our destina tion . Our group was put in charge of Major Newlin and

v 10 84 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

al intended arrival an overwhelming av anche, the

- des cent of sixty eight women . The work this entailed ’ f f a to provide beds and ood , a ter a hard day s l bor in

was . f of an army camp , a big item In the a ter light

x of e perience , we can now realize the enormity such an

of act . The cup the inevitable tea had been prepared for us , the English nurses giving up their beds to the f o Americans , and our nurses ell into bed nly to be aroused in a couple of hours by the bugle call to get up . The next day we inspected the hospital and found that instead of a fiv e-hundred-bed hospital we had a

- - two thousand bed hospital . A little discouraged by the f size and the work, we started in . A ter securing the belated dress suit cases in which were oui' only uni f on 12t h of orms , the nurses were put duty the June

M. at 7 A . Day after day the English nurses were transferred from the hospital until in two weeks we had but eighteen ’ f D s . f V . A . le t Matron Willets , a ter instructing the new Chief Nurse in the intricacies of English book

was f . f keeping , trans erred June 3 oth The o ficers and enlisted men of our Unit arrived the day after the nurses had gone on duty .

CALL FOR REINFORCEMENTS

Feeling that sixty-four nurses could not adequately take care of 2000 patients cov errng an area equal to

b or six t o a out five city squares , the call was sent L PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITA NO. 10 85

for. f of America a rein orcement thirty nurses . The Eng

’ mat ron a llowed h lish us the eig teen V . A . D . s until f the rein orcement should arrive . On July z rst five American nurses were sent to us from a unit in London and became part and parcel of Pennsylvania Bas e

1 . Hospital No . 0 The first hard experience in nursing came shortly after our installation when an exceedingly large convoy f o as was . patients , overwhelmed by mustard g , received These patients were horribly gassed and were pictures ff of misery and intense su ering . They poured upon us in great numbers 600 in les s than forty- eight hours

' r ff f see t heir b rav er and thei su erings were piti ul to , but y, unselfishness and fortitude were impressed upon us

‘ very fully . The nurses worked hard and faithfully f im during this short period, but the aw ulness and mensit y of suffering and cruel barbarity of war upon the individual were a soul-harrowing experience to

. was them all It tremendous strain on mind, heart, and

of body, being untrained to the handling such large numbers and not yet inured to the immensity of the

of 1 1 work . During that summer 9 7, we had our baptism

f few of horror and work , but a ter a months the whole

t o as Unit settled down the inevitable, and the handling of large numbers of severely wounded was efficiently

f of not k expedited, the ear being equal to the tas gradually disappeared . 10 86 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . FIRST CASUALTY CLEARING TEAMS

22 1 1 for On July , 9 7, the first call came two Operating was teams for a Casualty Clearing Station . Each team to

f one . consist of two o ficers , one nurse , and orderly Miss

Mclelland Helen G . C was sent with Captain Mitchell

Fairct and Captain Packard , and Miss Helen accompanied Colonel Harte and Captain Vaux . These teams started off to Belgium and commenced their work under most trying circumstances . These two

for nurses were picked their ability , long tried and

f oflicers known , and we eel sure that the with whom f f they worked felt that they were e ficient and help ul .

The living conditions were rather trying . Operating f continuously rom twelve to sixteen hours , during rest periods living in tents and during raiding times in

- for n of and dug outs , made the testi g the courage endur

M le ance of both oflicers and nurses . Miss Helen G . cC l

l at . 6 1 . . . f 22 6 and was No C C S rom July to October ,

. f 2 1 . . . 2 9 17. Miss Fairchild was at No 4 C C S rom July

18 1 1 . to August , 9 7 Miss Florence Wagner succeeding

s f 22 1 Mis Fairchild rom August to September 9,

. 1 . . . 19 17. Miss Eva Gerhard worked at No 6 C C S f 1 1 rom October 5 to December 5 , 9 7, with Major Gibbon and Captain Newlin . On September 22d the thirty reinforcements arrived f rom the United States under the guidance of Mrs .

Marie Eden . They were given a hearty welcome and we felt very rich indeed with one hundred$trained

1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 87

of f nurses . The names these nurses will be ound on page 2 1 o . O U R Q UARTERS About this time the authorities added to the Nurses’

Mess two more huts , connecting them with the eight old so ones , that by the winter the nurses were entirely f housed in huts instead o tents . The little huts were one-story wooden structures partitioned into small rooms holding two nurses . Each room had for equip f ment a small stove holding about ten pieces o coal .

Other equipment the nurses provided themselves . u f The little Stove proved o r greatest riend . With the f ten pieces o coal provided per week per ration , we leave it to the imagination how we secured sufficient

warmth and hot water . For bureau or wash stands we

or used Red Cross packing cases , begged, borrowed

. t rian u stolen, which we covered with cretonne A small g lar board nailed in the corner of the room made a

or of closet . A collapsible canvas basin , in the case the

more fortunate ones , a white enamel basin and pitcher,

were the toilet articles . The beds were canvas cots , “ the mattresses squares of cotton pads known as bis ” f cuits . Later we clubbed our finances and bought rom

for the British Red Cross chairs and cretonne curtains ,

of f of and through the generosity a riend the Unit , f hired a piano . A little later we received victrolas rom ’ - the Home Unit, and our nurses sitting room became a

. cosy , homelike place 1 88 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0

During the winter the intense work slackened , the armies Sitting tight and only desultory fighting going

as on . The hospital at one time ran down low as eight hundred patients . During this time the nurses turned their attention to the amusement of the patients . A concert company was organized among the nurses . Many successful concerts were given to the people

of . s of S the area These concerts consi ted chorus inging, ff f duets , solos , a Mutt and Je episode, ancy dancing, etc . An incident following one of the concerts was f rather amusing . The Chie Nurse was approached ffi “ by an English o cer who said , Matron , I wish to

’ congratulate you on the American Nurses concert

m- so so so u . It was well done, dainty and American

’ Thanksgiving night was celebrated in the nurses mess , a Unit party being held . At Christmas time in

1 1 f o 9 7, through contributions r m the Home Unit, the m ffi . Kru b haar of o cers , the nurses , Mrs , and many

s f f the enli ted personnel , unds were raised, a ternoon teas and small entertainments were given to the con v alescent patients , the band, the nurses and the ch ufferines a giving the entertainments . Many little “ ” entertainments and little feeds were given by in

s dividual nurse in their separate wards . THE FIRST DEATH In November our first sorrow came in the sickness

and of . i death Kenneth Hay In December, M ss Helen

1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 89 Fairchild who had been at the Casualty Clearing a St tion became ill , rapidly growing worse, and in

was January operated upon by Major Charles F .

’

ow n . f fiv e Mitchell at her request A ter days illness , Miss Fairchild passed away and a gloom and sadness was f she elt throughout the camp , being the first nurse who had died at the hospital . She w as given a mili f tary uneral , a most solemn and impressive ceremony . Representatives from all of the military organizations in

r the a ea and all nurses who could be spared were present, and floral emblems were sent by all of the organiza

r f t ons In the Hospital area . The English nurses rom

was for the hospital where Miss Fairchild cared , lined w the grave with evergreens . The service as conducted

effer s f by Chaplain J y , and a ter all military honors , ” the Las t Post w as sounded by Sergeant Cooper .

TH E GREAT PUSH

In the Spring of 19 18 began the great push of the War and the excitement of the war zone came very close

of to us . When the Germans came within eight miles

Amiens our situation became a little threatening . All the hOSpit als in the area were crowded with patients

one extremely badly wounded, there being at that time hundred and fift y-nine on the dangerously ill list in our

hospital . At this time occurred the great night that for ex

perience stands out unique . With patients crowded 10 90 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

of in the hospital , we were notified that a convoy three hundred and twenty patients was coming down ; that the train bringing them would take away three hundred . This meant taking many very ill patients

on out of bed , placing them stretchers , and getting the beds ready for the incoming three hundred and twenty . At midnight , rain coming down in torrents, t he wards with the three hundred patients lying on n stretchers o the floor, the new patients being brought

f of one fift - in, the riends the hundred and y nine dan

erousl f g y ill patients coming in rom England , and

out then the lights suddenly going all over the camp, made a scene not likely to be forgotten . With the dim lights given by lanterns , on this chaotic night when order seemed to be an impossibility , by the steady

of oflicers quiet routine the , men and night nurses ,

’ was by three o clock the camp quiet, order restored and the work accomplished a condition that the previous year would have been to us appalling . Things that seem to stand out in our memory of that night are the fortitude and bravery of the severely wounded

o of coming down , the patient, unc mplaining attitude the sick men suddenly taken from their beds and sent

f h of upon a journey , the e ficient andling the numbers of ff patients by the o icers , men and nurses , the quiet,

’ of f repressed , controlled attitude the riends of the — f dying these will never be orgotten .

10 92 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

f r -fiv e order came at 10 A . M . that o ty nurses should be ’ 12 ready, bag, bedding and baggage by o clock, to be

f . sent out from the area . Fi teen under Mrs Eden were f sent to the Cleveland unit at Rouen, fi teen under

Miss Gerhard were sent to the St . Louis unit at Rouen, and fifteen under Miss MacNeal were sent to the New

f r York unit at Etretat . A ter much hur y and bustle and much excitement, not knowing whether we should meet again or what might happen during their absence, ff they went o . The remainder of the nurses were ordered to be packed. up ready to evacuate with heavy baggage,

or . w s light baggage , no baggage Anxiety a in every

a on he rt but no outward show was made . Time went ’ and the Germans were held and after two weeks sus

few pense, a patients were sent to us and we were told “ to carry on without equipment . Li ttle by little more

was patients were sent, more equipment opened up until we were running full again . The nurses were returned and a new peace came to be ours . The tide had changed and the patients coming down were no more

f e silent but cheer ul , and though badly wounded se med

e of S in the b st pirits , being always keen to know how much had been gained in the battle in which they had been wounded .

TH E SPRING O F 19 19

’ On April rot h Miss Elizabeth Voltz s resignation was accepted . She was transferred to England to be married e of He e . H eme e The grav Miss l n E Fairchild in Mont uon C t ry, L . . F. e e . B E , Tr port

L . eme e . . F. e e Mont Huon C t ry, B E , Tr port

10 94 PENNSYLVANIA BASE H OSPITAL NO .

our care about fiv e hundred of these patients . This put a good deal of strain on the food proposition in the pre

arat ion of was p starch diets , which ably managed in

' f ofli ers . c the diet kitchen The orce , , nurses and men, f o the contagious department by their steady , good work handled this epidemic very well . This work was not at all spectacular but deserves equal mention with that under fire .

THIRD CASUALTY CLEARING TEAM

In 1 1 was July, 9 9 , another Casualty Clearing team

for called and Lieutenant Flick , Lieutenant Roberts , f Miss Julia J . Ravenel and two orderlies ormed the

was team . Miss Ravenel did good work and well spoken of by members of the unit where she worked . They changed frequently as the line advanced toward the

German line .

THE MOBILE UNIT

1 1 was f In September, 9 9, the Unit asked to orm a

t o of f Mobile Unit consist seven o ficers , twenty nurses , f No . 8 and orty men, this mobile unit , , to be sent to

. . for . A E F . advance work The unit w as under Major

f . Hodge and Mrs . Eden was appointed Chie Nurse The names of the twenty nurses comprised in this unit

n 22 f are given o page 8 . They were trans erred to Paris and outfitted with all the necessaries of a travelling

. f camp The history o the Mobile Unit is given elsewhere . L . 1 PENNSY VANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO. 0 95

To of take the place these twenty nurses , the matron in- chief of the British army transferred to our unit twenty American nurses who had been distributed among the British units . These nurses were exceedingly glad t o be united once more to their own country women .

THE INFLUENZA

In the Fall of this year the influenza epidemic arrived and during some weeks it brought many of the men down from the lines and attacked in great numbers all the nurses and personnel . Providentially the nurses

f of our recovered , but during the epidemic our men

was of mor died . A great toll taken the patients , the

tality being as great as that of the mustard gas attack . The work all the autumn w as continuously heavy until

r t h November o , when we were told that the next day

an armistice would be declared . THE ARMISTICE

’ of 1 1 At eleven o clock on the morning November th , the church bells rang out the great news and it was

characteristically celebrated all over the area . From the commanding officer of the area down to sickest patients

. in the hospital , celebrations were in order A most remarkable parade was held at it s head the Com

cer manding Ofli , Colonel Rennie, then the English and f American officers , the American band, and ollowing a 10 96 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

f conglomeration of persons in uni orm , convalescent patients in blue hospital dress , and every known article upon which a noise could be made . This parade circled all around the camp and down into the village and pandemonium raged for a few hours . f Gradually , rom this period on , the convoys became

r f less and less . Ou patients were gradually trans erred to England . The hospital became smaller and smaller,

1 1 until by January , 9 9, we were practically without patients . Then began the hardest period of the two years . With nothing to do the longing for home grew intense and the talk of America and when we would go home was the paramount subject . HOME AGAIN

r 1 was On Februa y 3 , the great good news sent down f that we were released by the British , and the order rom American headquarters that we should proceed to the

of for was . south France to embark America , received As the French would not take one hundred women on a

was of train at one time , the unit divided into Squads

t I n twenty and sent in five sections to Vannes . Each seco was in charge of a section leader who w as responsible for of the arrival the nurses , baggage, bags , and beds at the proper destination . This meant the embarking f a f rom Le Treport, rriving in Paris , trans erring across

of for n - the city Paris and embarking Vannes , a o e day

one- and night journey . After the last section had

1 98 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 days on which the nurses were again made much of by their fellow pas sengers the R otterdam arrived in New York harbor and once more our home count ry was seen . On arriving in New York we were met by a military officer and with little or no trouble were transferred by a waiting boat to the Polyclinic Hospital of New f York City . A ter an examination as t otheir physical f condition, those nurses who were sick were trans erred to the hospital and the others sent to the Holly Hotel . Here we were met by the military authorities and very expeditiously our financial difli cult ies were straightened out our , service papers looked over, and we were

on ofli cial temporarily sent leave awaiting discharge . We were received most hospitably by the Red Cross of New York City and the nurses within three days

ow n were given their transportation to their homes . After official settlement a bonus of $60 and all back pay w as sent to each nurse along with her official discharge . Thus ended officially the Nursing Corps of

1 . Base Hospital No . 0

O U R GRATITUDE

’ t wo During the years service in France, serving under n n f the two natio s , cari g or the sick and wounded of allthe

Allies , living under such abnormal conditions , restricted as to food and materials and much of the pleas ures of l f of i e, the hours worry , the hours ofwork followed by the 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 99

f of f f equally di ficult hours leisure , the eeling o living o l in , but not f a country , the nearness to and dai y f ff amiliarity with such intense su ering , bravely borne ; the close contact with the friends and relatives of the dying soldier ; the seeing the quiet, repressed sorrow with which they carried their burdens ; these impressions are serious and lasting . As we look back over this experience it is with a deep sense of appreciation that we wish to express to the

ff of of commanding o icers the Unit, the members the

a ff of medical and surgic l sta , and the personnel

for the Unit, our thanks the many courtesies shown , the many kindnesses , and above all the patience with which they endured our vagaries and idiosyncrasies .

To of as . 10 . . A . the Home Unit B e Hospital No , U S , that great organization which did so much for our f pleasure and com ort , words are not big enough to

l nk o e our . was f i t t convey thanks It a power ul , h home f . land rom overseas J

rat It Iide to Here, also, we wish to add a word in g that organization that so generously sent to the UnIt

so as such wonderful boxes of dressings Opportunely, in the big push of 19 19 a consignment of twenty-three boxes arrived just in the beginning and carried us well through the push . To the many English and Scotch organrzat rons that routinely sent supplies , and to the great American and

. British Red Cross Societies , we are deeply indebted 10 1 00 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO.

f it s it s And now, a ter all pleasures , its worries , cares , the struggling with English Ration Money , The English

Washing Allowances , the English Field Allowances , the problems of feeding 100 women with healthy appetites f on rice , bully bee , rabbit stew and tinned milk , it is with much of regret and a tinge of sorrow that for t he

our ff last time, we sign o icial title ,

M D r AR ARET . UNLOP Mat on G A , ,

16 P iladel a . S. A . ( h phi , U )

G. H ., B . E. F.

Dictated

G N L H E ERA EADQ UARTERS, M BR ITISH AR IES IN FRANCE .

18t h 1 18. January, 9

M dea Mat n y r ro , I e e e f McCart h t he am truly gri v d to h ar rom Miss y, Matron in ef t one of e i st e at Chi , hat your sist rs, M ss Fairchild, has ju di d

. 16 e . . . e e H . No (Philad lphia, U S A ) G n ral ospital I must send you a few lines to show how deeply I sympat hise Wrt h you arid all your Staff and how I appreciat e t he fact that she ' lI S r h rlif f r a g i ffin e e o t he British Army . M D NL Y e e ISS U OP , ours sinc r ly,

. . How rrT . G. Matron, A T , D

. 16 e . . . e e H l L . No (Philad lphia, U S A ) G n ral ospit a e Treport

LE P F N . TRE ORT, RA CE

e 20 1 1 . F bruary , 9 9

The Mat n 1 6th e e al H ro G n r osp ital . The Signal Staff at Le Treport feel they would not like to let you depart without an expression of their good will and grat ifude

1 102 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 in which you have discharged t he duties devolving upon you as The co- e of t he one in charge of ladies aboard this ship . op ration e a e e e t o your d p rtm nt, always r ady and willing, has don much as a make t he voyage t he pleasant trip it has been . Your sist nce

as e e e ee le. in c s involving your d partm nt has b n invaluab Finally, t he ex e e e e fect e t h c ll nt organization which you hav p r d, and e e f e of efle t e p r ormanc this organization aboard this ship, r c s gr at e o t e f are b e c cr dit b th upon you and i s l , and you to ongratulated

. e e e e for e f upon it Pl as acc pt th n yours l and your organization, this expression of a very sincere appreciation which you richly deserve.

. . D N W E OW S,

L . . 2d ee I f t Col , 5 Pion r n antry, Troop Commander AMUSEMENTS

N a community such as ours it was very necessary to find some amusements whereby the leisure hours

might be occupied , and the nostalgia for home com

a . . b b ted The British Y M . C . A . had a cinema ut as well as a smaller auditorium in which concerts and f motion picture shows were given rom time to time .

of r n Some the concerts we e quite good , otably those

con given by the Lena Ashwell Concert Company,

of a sisting chiefly comic and sentiment l songs , and f winning great applause rom the hospital patients , f enlisted personnel, nurses and o ficers , who used to crowd the benches .

’ TH E PADRE S PARTIES

The only other sources of entertainment up to and

- - . I 1 1 f as about Oct st, 9 7, other than oot ball , b e ball will and other outdoor games , which be dealt with in

of another part this book, were the Thursday night

f of as parties or the personnel the Base Hospital, known

’ the Padre s Parties . These parties were held in the rear of the Church

as of . Hut, where the boys gathered the guests Dr

effer s . of J y , beloved by us all At first the rear the church w s so as large enough , but very soon the partie became 1 03 10 104 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . popular and the attendance w as so large that Padre J efferys finally asked for the use of the medical dining hall .

The entertainment at these parties w as as follows .

or of oflicers One , two perhaps three the would come

of or . and tell a story or series stories , sing a song Then v f olunteers rom the personnel would be called , and proved in almost every instance to have marked talent f m n for entertaining . So rom a body of e two hundred f strong was found abundant talent o no mean calibre . a d f The parties lasted about an hour n a hal , then

f of ff re reshments , consisting cocoa, co ee, cake and cigarettes would be served by Miss Harter and Miss

six of Farrell , assisted by or seven the nurses , who were invited each week by the Padre . f A ter these parties had been running several weeks , depending entirely upon the talent that could be picked

set up at the moment , it was decided that a program n be given each week , the participants bei g those who had shown the greatest talent for entertaining . On or

of 1 1 so- about the first October, 9 7, the first called concert w as n given in the medical dining hall to the perso nel , and consisted of the following program

FF . Sgt . BISCHO P iano Solo

. L H R TI Pvt WA TER O S CK . Song

Pvt . DAVID CHAMBERS Monologue

. KN Pvt WM . APP . Song

Pvt . CRESSY Buck and Wing Dancing

H . Lt . B . WI LM E R . Song

10 106 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

was Spellbound for half an hour at a time , and there “ ” was always a yell for more when he finished . He

asked to join the concert party . Then there was found marked talent with musical

ukalele a instruments ; the , b njo , guitar, and last but by no means least an old guitar with one string, which looked as though it had been over the t op many times i or had figured strongly in some retreat . However ts musical tones can never be forgotten by those of us who

. was . who heard it It played by Sgt Ferry, used a mess kit f kni e in a sliding motion up and down the lone string,

$ and at the same time plucked it with a nail file . The

‘ of f a f sliding the kni e gave the typic lly mourn ul , but w pleasant sound of Hawaiian music . He as listed as an added attraction .

THE MINSTR E L SHOW

With all of this ability at our disposal it was now f was elt that it high time to use it to more advantage, so a minstrel Show was decided upon which was to las t “ forty-fiv e minutes and to be followed by six special ties . This Show was planned to be given in the large w moving picture theatre which as fitted with a stage . Rehearsals began with the following all- star cast

P N N R N v t . ELSO A MSTRO G Cook LOUIS SCHEIN

Pv t s . KN HOR STICK C LL CH MB and APP, , ARRO , A ERS ROWLAND EVANS Cook CROWELL

Sgt s . WI LFONG and PRICE

. L Lt H . B . WI MER Middle Man 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 107

As the rehearsals were progressing a male quartet came into existence and was a feature of the minstrel

. w as f . o . . show The quartet composed Lt H B Wilmer,

Sgt . Price , Cook Crowell and Pvt . Rowland Evans . Finally in the latter part of November the Show was n advertised extensively, due notice give in daily orders

r and permission given by the Commanding Cflice . ’ The men s faces were blacked and the costumes con

s d of si te the blue suits worn by the patients , large red ties and white shirts . The costumes could only be things easily gotten and inexpensive , as at this time f f there were no unds available or expenses . f m The atal day ca e at last, and the show opened to a

2 P . M. packed house at , the audience composed entirely of patients and nurses on night duty who could not be

f was present at the evening per ormance . There , with

of h the players , the orchestra, composed piano, t ree

ukaleles one , two mandolins and banjo, under the ff f . f direction o Sgt . Walter Bischo Immediately ollowing

the minstrel show , which was received with round “ f of S a ter round applause, the six pecialities were

s as f : pre ented , the program being ollows

P D N L Dancn Sk t v t . IFFE DA i g i M n l ue 81 Tumblin Sketch D C . Pvt . AVID HAMBERS o o og g Selection by tbe Quartet D alect St es LL . Pv t . CA RRO . i ori TI K S n and Dance Sketcb N nd HOR S C . . Pv t s . K APP a o g N and L N L D al ue Pv t s . ARMSTRO G SI VER AI i og 10 108 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

The entire program was received with great ent hu

f r siasm and a request made o more engagements , which w as granted Three nights later the Concert Party was invited to

F. . . a present the show at the Tank Camp , B E , bout W three miles away . Truck and busses ere sent and the

t o entire party transported, and the show given the officers and enlisted men of that camp . Here another

was f ff r n success scored, and all elt the e o t had not bee made in vain . The ward concerts continued with success and the

Show which . had just been produced gave more talent to draw on , and consequently the programs varied considerably . Impromptu concerts were given through n out the camp to the Convalescent Depot, Ca adian

. 2 . . . . Cro donia Hospital No , and in the Y M C A y Hut under the auspices of the chaufferines or lady ambulance drivers attached to the area . At this point permission w as granted by the matron in charge to Miss Dardenne, Miss Moore , and Miss

Replogle to sing in these concerts , thus adding another f attractive eature .

ODDS AND ENDS

r 2 d 1 18 f On Februa y 3 , 9 , Odds and Ends rom the

. . was U S Army Nurse Corps presented by the nurses , meeting with great success , the solos by Miss Replogle, Miss Dardenne and Miss Moore being exceedingly well

1 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 09

done . The quartet selection given by Miss Moore , Miss

Loff ren Replogle , Miss Dardenne and Miss g brought great applause and Mutt and Jeff impersonated by Miss l Ravanel and Miss McE henny will never be forgotten . The chorus work was excellent and the costumes most “ attractive . Odds and Ends was given three times , once to the patients , once to the Convalescent Depot and once to the officers and nurses of the area . It is needless to say that the stage entrance was packed with representatives of the Allied Armies in the form of ardent admirers . The quartet from this production on many occasions helped the Concert Party in the ward concerts and

always carried away many honors .

BAND ORGANIZ ED

h f 1 1 8 w as On the 26t o January , 9 , it learned that there were among the enlisted personnel eighteen men

who had expressed a desire to organize a band , and were willing t o devote their ofl time to learning music and of mastering the different instruments . A meeting the eighteen chosen members w as called in the rear of the

church Hut that same evening , and an organization ff formed under the leadership of Sgt . Walter Bischo . Then the question arose “ Where would the instruments ” come from$ It w as decided that the only thing to do f was t o consult the Father of the Unit ; hence the ollow ing morning Major Harte was approached with much

trepidation . 1 1 10 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0

was charact eris When the proposition presented , the “ tic answer was given in three questions : How much

how will they cost, how soon can they be gotten and ” soon can the band play$ The answers t o all these f questions seemed satis actory enough , because the

f 81 C0 . order went orward that day to Boosey , London , and in six weeks the instruments were in camp .

Great excitement reigned at the unpacking, but the hearts of all sank when i t was found that the base drum and cymbals had not arrived , the only instruments f that could have been played . They ollowed soon how ever, and practice started . At the same time mutiny in the camp almost ensued because of the noise and arrang i ing of deta ls so that the band could practice . It was reported on several occasions that Colonel Hayes , com manding 47 General, had been sent to No . 3 General

as his u owing to a nervous breakdown , q arters happened t o be adjacent to the hut in which the practicing was done .

f of Four weeks a ter the arrival the instruments , the ’ band assembled in front of the officers quarters at

5 P . M . and gave their first concert . The selections ” “ ” played were Our Director, The Long , Long Trail and the National Anthem . Great enthusias m ensued and we felt the band was fairly launched on a glowing career . It steadily improved from week to week and f month to month until concerts were given , and a ter the armistice it played for dances over the entire area

1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0

and several trips were taken to nearby camps . So concert party had grown to great proportions .

WHAT HAPPENED TO J ONES During the time that the nurses were giving their

f was per ormances and the band being organized , rehearsals for a more pretentious production for the of entertainment the whole area were under way . This was - f a three act arce , which had been rehearsing for f o . six weeks under the direction Pvt Clarke Silvernail . “ ” What Happened to Jones , by G . H . Broadhurst,

was on 2 t h 1 18 . given February 9 , 9 All the scenery was made and painted by Sgt . L . S . Ferguson , R . A . M . C . ,

Pv t . L . O . Rowland , and Pvt . A . R . Daubenspeck,

. . . . ff . M C U S A and the electrical e ects by Sgt . H . C

Stanton .

of as The question finances arose, there had to be

so stage fittings and costumes , money was a crying need . A finance committee w as appointed to raise f f su ficient unds to cover expenses , which were esti

1 mated at 400 francs . It was figured out that by assess ing the officers and nurses 5 francs each and the enlisted men 3 francs each the amount could b e raised . This was done and in several instances officers gave 100

f . rancs , which procured a good working basis d ni . . Cro o a The play was given in the Y . M . C A y

of Hut, which had a seating capacity when crowded about 600. The play was given eight times to packed 1 1 12 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0

e houses and was received with great enthusiasm . Thr e performances were for the officers and nurses and the m other fiv e for the patients and enlisted men . A volu tary collection was taken up for the R . A . M . C . prison ers of war and 975 francs were collected and turned over to the commandant of the area . At this point a tribute should be paid Madame and

. so Mlle Fallet, who added materially to the success ’ of . P on the production . Mlle allet s place the program was she between the acts , when played a violin solo, w a f accompanied by her mother . She s a graduate o the Conservatory of Paris and had received high honors f s w rom that institution . Needless to ay her playing as greatly appreciated and considered one of the chief attractions by the whole audience . Mlle . Fallet after wards became one of the principal entertainers of the

. . h American Y M C . A . Both s e and her mother took a ff f keen interest in our e orts , and had it not been or their giving such great aid in procuring costumes in

r Pa is , the play could never have been present ed .

of Here too mention must be made the orchestra , which consisted of twenty- two pieces with players of many nationalities . The brasses were played by the Belgians ; violins by two chaufferines and Miss Taylor of the Canadian Red Cross , an Australian private and a R . A . M . C . sergeant ; the piano by Sgt . Walter Bis choff was , American ; and last but not least, the leader

Captain Kinsella , R . A . M . C .

1 1 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 3

So pronounced was the success of the play that a request came from Dieppe to repeat it there under the

of . was auspices the British Y M . C . A . Permission

so granted to do this , the company , with scenery, bag

. off . gage etc , were loaded into trucks , and they went

was Arriving at the Bain Chaud , which to be our

for f t o of all theatre the evening , it was ound the dismay that the scenery would nothing like fit the stage, owing t o the fact that the ceiling in the hall was t oo high . f Luckily, however, with what scenery our riends in Dieppe could provide and with the fixtures of our

was for f players , the stage fitted up the per ormance ;

f of only , however, a ter starting the work rearranging early in the morning and finishing fiv e minutes before the curtain went up . ta of It was a gala event , all the no bles the area were there and the applause after the last curtain was tre

of . mendous . Following is a copy the program PROGRAM

N 1 P L L . . . GE N L H L o. 6 ( HI ADE PHIA, U S A ) ERA OSPITA AMATEUR DRAMATIC SOCIETY

- C l el (By kind p ermission of Lieut . o on

ne M C. U. S. A . M. A . DeLa y , . , )

P esents Toni bt r g ,

2 TH F B 1 18 THURSDAY, 9 E RUARY, 9 ,

I r donia Hut Y . . . . n t he C oy , M C A J WHA T HAPPENED TO ONES,

O A G. H . B AN RIGINAL FARCE IN THREE CTS, BY ROADHURST s 10 1 14 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

CAST (In Order of A pp earance)

E E NE ZE G L fe . . S t . G L N B R OOD Y, a pro ssor in anatomy g EORGE WI SO ’ M G L e e e fe . M L N B N RS . OOD Y, Eb n z r s wi Pvt AR Y ROW

R H L e e e . . o . . CA N ICHARD EATHER Y, ngag d to Marjori C rp J RPE TER ’ M J G L e e e e Pv t . L . H . J N AR ORIE OOD Y, Eb n z r s Daught r O ES

- H L e l Pv t . G. S LL N E MA, s rvant gir U IVA ’

P . H . C e e e . v t G ISSY, Eb n z r s ward RIGG ’ M N E e e e e Pv t . . D N L I RVA, Eb n z r s daught r J IFFE DA ’

AL N S L . Goodl s e VI A TAR IGHT, Mrs y sist r

Pvt . MAURICE DU MARAIS

J N t el for se . . Pv t . . S L N L O ES , who rav s a hymnbook hou C I VER AI H L e THOMAS O DER , a polic man ,

S t . . L N F E L . 2 a ia Gen. H a g J A . B A CH I D (No C nad n ospit l)

N N D P . . A G L D. . of v t A M N TO Y OOD Y, , Bishop Ballarat N R STRO G LL B e of t he sanrt arrum WI IAM IGBEE, an inmat ,

N . Gen. H Sgt . G. HIGGI S (No 3 ospit al)

H N F LL u . of t he ar S t . . M CA N E RY U ER, s pt sanit ium g W C HA

A ct I— f Int erior of t he count ry house o Mr . Goodly .

A ct II— Th e Same. cI — A t I I The Same.

est e t he ec of ell . . . . Orch ra und r dir tion Captain Kins a, R A M C “ ’ s of t he Sea Fincb March, Son “ ” e La ée H art Vals , Fianc z e e e t he S ence Gavott , Und rn ath Stars p r “ Fox e o Tate Trot, A Brok n D ll “ ” “

The e e God e t he . Star Spangl d Bann r, Sav King

e . . e e L . . Fer u Play produc d by Pvt C Silv rnail, and stag d by S g son .

e e . . e s and . . . la . Scn ry painted by Sgt . L S F rgu on Pvt L O Row nd

e e e e e . Dr ss s suppli d by Madam Fall t, Paris

e e Counil . Furnitur by Monsi ur , Eu M a a e L e . H . . e . . . C . . . . n g r, i ut B Wilm r, M O R , U S A — G . . . . . Major W Norris, M O R C . — Rev . . . ff e e . . . E M J rys , U S A

10 1 16 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

T w as was given in the Easter season . his skit composed and d and staged by Pvt . Clarke Silvernail laste 45

f six . minutes . It was ollowed by vaudeville acts In this performance the Jazz Band made it s formal f f début . Money which had been le t over rom the per “ ” formance of What Happened t o Jones was spent on extra musical instruments , strings , etc . , making in all f about 12 instruments . The members o the Jazz Band

: were Pvt . Carroll , traps ; Sgt . Ferry , violin or guitar h as e . s ukalele which already b en described ; Pvt Evan , ;

Pvt . Jones , mandolin ; Sgt . Price, mandolin ; Pvt .

b an orine . ukalele S t Williams , g ; Corp Moore , ; g McMil n l uk lele . a a . , ; Pvt Chew , mandolin ; Pvt Henley, mandolin and saxophone .

recerv ed This number was with great applause , espe ciall y by the Canadians and Americans . From this date on the Jazz Band w as a drawing card f in any per ormance . It was added to the program for

s the ward concerts , and it is needless to ay brought a

of - great deal cheer and pleasure to the bed patients . “ The Cowboys’ Farewell ” and vaudeville acts were

for f given five a ternoons and evenings .

OFFICER 666

From this time until June I st no performances of any

s kind were given except the ward concert , and several concerts given in the Canadian Red Cross Hut for the Canadian patients ; the reason for this being that there 1 1 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 7 was greater activity on the front and convoys and evacuations interfered with rehearsals and perform ances . About June I st it w as decided that another play “ ff 66 ” should be given and O icer 6 was chosen . Permission was granted by the Commanding Officer with the understanding that the performance was to pay for f not itsel , and could be staged by assessing the f personnel . It was elt this could be done with the reputa tion already made in the successful presentation of “ ” so What Happened to Jones , rehearsals started . The 4t h of July w as settled upon as a fitting day for f the Opening per ormance, which was to be given only

f N 1 to the members o Base Hospital o. 0 and their guests . Here mention must be made of the method of finan

- ffi e of . o c cing the play A box , made three ward screens , — turkey red in color this being chosen for conspicuous — Hess was constructed in the circle in the center of the camp . One thousand programs , attractively gotten

on . up , were sale here The person purchasing a program ’ for f w as entitled to a seat that evening s per ormance ,

of the program being stamped with the date purchase .

e for ffi No patient was charg d admission , but all o cers ,

of nurses and enlisted men any organizationwere charged , and could not gain admittance without a program .

of f The proceeds from the sale programs , a ter the ex

out . . . . penses were taken , were to go to the R A M C

f . prisoners o war, and were so advertised The expenses 10 1 18 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . attached to the producing of the play were 1600 francs .

This included scenery , which was made ; costumes , which came from Paris ; decorations and the expenses ll t f . . a e of our valued riends , Mme and Mlle F while with the performance . More than once it was decided that the play could not b é' given , as hardly a rehearsal passed without a convoy f or evacuation taking away most of the per ormers .

of r But by the sheer pluck and determination eve ybody, the play was ready for presentation to the public after ’ five weeks rehearsing . On July 3 d a dress rehearsal was given to the patients w and as a great success .

he f m w as on t h 1 18 T first per or ance given July 4 , 9 , t o the entire personnel of the Base Hospital and its guests . Every seat was filled and the aisles were packed . The box-office had done a rushing business since

f of as f : in the a ternoon , the sale programs being ollows f f f to o ficers 5 rancs , to nurses 3 rancs and to enlisted men 2 francs . The guests ofthe Unit were all the notables of the area and commanding oflicers of the different

of organizations near by , also some the members of

’ f of d E the amily the Comte u.

off The play went without a single interruption , and w as received with great applause . Further success seemed assured in the attempt to give productions of this character . Seven performances had been adv er t ised , and the play proved so popular that three

10 120 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

Fallet played the violin between the acts . The entire

0 was . company, 4 in number, transported by ambulance f It w as indeed most grati ying, when the curtain

r box d went up , to see eve y seat and fille , also the aisles

200 not crowded , and about people able to gain admit

half w as tance at all . About the theatre filled with French people and for them a Resumé Francais had been printed .

llet w as Mlle . Fa received with great applause and was one of the chief features of the evening .

of s was A collection, besides the sale ticket , taken

of of up by Miss Fairbanks , the daughter the mayor

of f Dieppe, and other ladies the town who were riends of Miss Fairbanks . When the curtain went down on the last act the applause w as tremendous and after each member of the cast had been introduced to the audience from the

ff of stage, the British Commanding O icer the Dieppe m ' Area adefan address . He commended each member of the company for his excellent work and expressed his desire that other plays should be given . The mayor of f Dieppe also made an address o welcome and thanks .

Mr . Fairbanks responded to these addresses in behalf of t he troupe . Two thousand frames were taken in at the door and f 1200 of rom the collection, which were placed in the f f o . or . re hands Mr Fairbanks L proper disposal The maining 800 were used to pay hotel and food expenses 1 12 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 of of the players , and some this amount was put in f f the entertainment und , thus bringing the und up to

00 f approximately 5 rancs .

THE LAST ENTERTAINMENT

1 18 In September, 9 , the Concert Party gave another

n Kursal entertai ment, this time in the , down in Le

Treport . This performance was for the benefit of the

of French Hospital in the town , and consisted a musical skit which lasted an hour . All the music was composed

Pv t . Lon of by De the English Army , and all the lyrics f were written by Pv t . Hanley o the U . S . Army . The leading rOle w as taken by Miss Edith Moore of the

U . S . Army Nursing Corps . This musical comedy was followed by five vaudeville

one f acts , being a skit depicting Russian peasant li e,

l . 1 f written by Pv t . LeC ereq About 400 rancs were taken in and 1 000 francs were handed over to the French

Hospital . After this performance no more entertainments of r f this cha acter were given , owing to the act that the Unit w as very much depleted of histrionic talent by

f w as the formation o a mobile hospital , which sent to the

American sector .

was was After the armistice signed dancing allowed , so the band did heavy duty, being called upon every night to play at one camp or another . It might be interes ting to state that approximately 10 122 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

26 5 concerts , including ward concerts and concerts given

- outside the camp , and two three act shows , were given in one year . HOLIDAY CELEBRATIONS The special days in the American year were duly

of marked as they came around . The first Fourth July we felt a becoming modesty about celebrating in the

of f midst our whilom oes , but when Thanksgiving Day arrived we had an American football game by our men

f r and Thanksgiving dinner o all . A pall was cast over the celebration by the death in the early morning of

. of our . Private Kenneth B Hay , the first number to die His funeral on the following morning w as attended by all the members of the Unit who could be spared from duty .

of 1 18 f When the Fourth July , 9 , arrived we elt we were onsuch pleasant terms with the British and French and they had shown us so much kindness that it was up to us to celebrate the day by showing some hospitality to them . A baseball game was organized between a team from an American camp in our vicinity and one made up from our men . Invitations had been sent out to the British and French authorities and officers in the v rcrnrt Inv rt m y g them to witness the game, and to a f as w ete champetre to be held, soon as the game as over, f on the grounds o the hospital . Large marquees were erected and a British band kindly lent for the occasion

10 124 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . and Colonel Harte gave him the clarinet upon which he had played . Sergeant Bischoff was succeeded as band leader by

Sergeant W . A . Rigdon, who had previously been leader f his h . o of the band of the 1 10t U . S . Engineers Part musical education had been as a cornetist under Sousa and he had organized and was conductor of the Kansas a t o City Band , which he ccompanied in that capacity w f f the Mexican border . He as a wonder ul per ormer on a v the silver trumpet cornet . Serge nt Rigdon had arri ed

1 at British General Hospital No . 6 as a patient and it w as while convalescing from a serious surgical Operation ff that he was called upon to replace Sergeant Bischo . He took up the task with the greatest ardor and under his inspiring leadership the Band made rapid progress . So enthusiastic w as he that he declined an Opportunity for an early return t o the United States in order that he hi w d might continue s work . When he finally as ordere home the entire Unit joined in bidding him a regretful f arewell . Sergeant Rigdon was succeeded as director by Harry

. a f B Thompson , who lthough one o the youngest men

was it s for in the Band unanimous choice the position ,

direc and thoroughly justified his selection . Under his t orship the Band achieved all that could have been hoped by those who had struggled for it s development . The Band acquired in course of time a well stocked library of about three hundred selections of the latest 10 12 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 5

scores . This was in charge of Sergeant William B . Smith and the Unit owes him it s gratitude for the zeal i f and care with wh ch he looked a ter it . In this connec tion mention should be made of the kindly interest ’ taken in the Band s library by Miss Rae Sawyer of

New York, who generously stocked it with newest selections . THE PADRE A ND THE UNIT

ot h 1 1 D r. N Monday, April 3 , 9 7, Harte met

ff . Dr . Je erys on Third St with the causal “ ” us$ remark , Well , will you go with To “ ff $ . which Dr . Je erys replied , With whom , where Dr Harte then said that the Base Hospital of which he was Director had been ordered out for Foreign Service

was few . . and to sail in a days , that Dr David M

’

of . Steele, the rector St Luke s Church, Philadelphia, ’

w as . ff n the chaplain , ill, that Dr Je erys ame had been sent to the President for the vacancy and that his appointment was expected by wire at any moment .

. J efler s on S was com Dr y agreed the pot to go , and “ ” missioned on May 3 d chaplain of a base hospital .

’ The chaplain s first oflicial duties were performed on

St . P aul of f r the , and consisted religious services o passengers and crew . They were largely attended by both civilians and military . Dean Carrol M . Davis ,

of . w as chaplain the St Louis unit, associated with our chaplain in these services . A daily evening service was

o f held in the main salo n a ter dinner . On Sundays there were celebrations of the Holy Commu nion in the library and in the main saloon services with addresses . The chaplains also made Sick-calls among the enlisted n on person el the voyage .

1 26

1 12 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 7 Our chaplain was the second chaplain to reach France with the American Forces . Chaplain Peabody of the

f . 1 Harvard unit was the first . A ter Base Hospital No 0

16 ff took over General Hospital (British) Dr . Je erys

’ was brought into close connection with the Chaplain s

of Department the British Army . Besides the duties

as a of our devolving upon him chapl in organization ,

it s ffi n with o cers , urses and enlisted men , he was made responsible for the Church of England work in the

of hospital , usually with the help a British chaplain ,

l I for but sometimes a one. n the Isolation Division Contagious Diseases he had charge not only of the Church of England work but also of the Presbyterian

- s and Non Conformist patients . In thi division he came in contact with many German prisoners , to whom he ministered spiritually and in other ways . The German translation of the American Prayer Book was of great assistance to him in his ministrations to the prisoners . ’ The excellent organizat 10n of the Chaplain s Depart ment of the British Army and the fact that its work is taken as s eriously by the authorities as that of any f other branch of the service made for e ficiency . The department was under the direction of Chaplain

- of General Bishop Taylor Smith , in London , and the Deputy Chaplain General and of the Principal Chap

ffi lain , in France . These three o cers all held the rank of Major General . One cannot help contrasting this 128 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . I O with the fact that the ranking chaplain of the American

was of . Army , Bishop Brent, given the rank Major

In the British Army , the chaplain could be protected by his well-organized department from interference in his work by superior officers of other corps . 16 General Hospital w as grouped with other hospi

. tals , the group containing about nine thousand beds

- of The chaplain group consisted one Senior Chaplain, f . o called the S . C F . (Church England) , three other

of Church of England chaplains (British) , one Church

Non- f England chaplain (Canadian) , one Con ormist

Non- f chaplain (British) , one Con ormist chaplain (Cana

one dian) , Roman Catholic chaplain (British) , and one

our Roman Catholic chaplain (Canadian) , and Ameri can chaplain . Every Monday morning the chaplains had a devo t ional of meeting in the Church England Hut, which was followed by a business meeting of t he Church of n England chaplains and the America chaplain , pre a sided over by the Senior Chapl in , who assigned to

’ f res n them their week s work . The group was o ten po ’ sible for chaplain s duties in connection with military organizations located in or moving through our area. The group was also responsible for the work of chap

i r ll o on . lains who were leave In this way our chaplain , ff Dr . Je erys , was assigned to duty with British Tanks ,

00 a in Australian Tr ps , British L bor Battalions the

s of Fore t Eu , General Hospitals 47 and 3 , Canadian

S H PENNSYLVANIA BA E OSPITAL NO . I O 129

2 I Hospital , British Red Cross Hospital O , and other organizations . The relationships between the chaplains or padres as ( they were called in the B . E . F . ) were cordial and f pleasant and in consequence very help ul . The Senior

. . . f Chaplain , Rev A C Hoare , a amous Cambridge f cricketer , was an Englishman o the finest type . He

ed for liv with us more than a year, and won the hearts of f all the members o our organization . Other padres w ho lived with us and endeared themselves to us were

. f f o o . Mr Gravell the Church England , Mr Boyd

. of of and Mr Lunn the Presbyterian Church Scotland , M N f n and Mr . cut t o the Presbyteria Church of Ireland .

. of Rev Claude Beckwith , the Church England padre at 47 General , combined his religious services with ours for many months and was popular with all the Ameri cans in the area . The greatest opportunities offered to army chaplains in France came to them while the men were in the c hospitals or in the trenches . There was omparatively little a chaplain could do when tr00ps were on the

hOS it als a march . The p perh ps presented the greatest

Opportunities of all . The men were then in a receptive mood and were often associated with the chaplains long enough and intimately enough for real results to be obtained . Our hospital-group was furnished with one Church

one n of England Hut, Roman Catholic Hut, one Ca a 10 13 0 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

. . . dian Red Cross Hut, three British Y . M C A Huts , of and one Salvation Army Hut . The Church England

of 16 Hut was part of the equipment General , and was

f r for put at the disposal o ou chaplain all his work ,

The - f s American and British . Non Con ormist chaplain posted at 16 General also held their services in the

of Church of England Hut . The Church England with the help of the Americans in the area built a commo

i e d ous and handsome hut in 19 1 8 . It was located betw en

No . 16 and No . 47 General overlooking the Channel . The Church Hut w as used not only for religious serv ices but for a reading and writing room for patients and for educational and recreation purposes for the personnel

f r o ou unit . The religious serv rces i n the Church Hut were daily celebrations of the Holy Communion in the early morning and daily Evening Prayer . On Sundays there

of were celebrations the Holy Communion , the Church of England Parade (compulsory for members of the Church of England in the army) and evening services which were voluntary . The senior Medical Officer of a the district , Colonel Begbie , usu lly read the lessons at

. the parade service The services were well attended , f especially the voluntary evening services , o ten many

of of being turned away on account lack room . There s were extra services at Christma , Thanksgiving, Memo f rial Day , Empire Day , in act, on all American and

British special days .

10 13 2 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO. shoulders and then stood at attention during the ser

- vice until taps or the last post had been sounded . When an officer was buried as many officers as could be Spared of from the hospital were detailed for t he escort . One the most impressive funerals in our experience was that of Nurse H elen Fairchild who was buried on

f - r 1 t h 1 1 8. January 9 , 9 Every o ficer, nurse , motor drive and enlisted man that could be spared from duty

was attended the service . Every hospital in the group largely represented .

of According to the rules the army , the educational and social work among the troops and their recreation are largely under the chaplain . Our chaplain and some of the nurses and officers were much interested in these f matters and gave a great deal o time t o them . The

“ ’ ” was of Padre s Party, given every week , a part our

of f routine . It consisted re reshments when they could be had , dancing , vocal and instrumental music , recita tions , legerdemain , wrestling and boxing . We also organized a successful Dramatic Club which gave many

firs - f t . class per ormances , vaudeville , concerts and plays Our chaplain also arranged every week ward concerts

for and other entertainments the patients . The talent was a supplied by French artists , S lvation Army ladies , f the nurses , motor convoy ladies , the o ficers and men, and by the patients themselves . One of our officers gave a most scholarly and interest ing course of lectures on French history with special e e e of He Fun ral s rvic Miss len Fairchild .

13 4 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . I O

Censoring was one of the most uninteresting things we f was had to do . When the hospital was ull , and it

r usually full o nearly so, the letters ran up into the a t housand thousands weekly . Some days more than , letters had to be censored before we could go to bed . The chaplains also wrote hundreds of letters weekly for the patients to their people at home . They also f ministered to the patients in various ways , rom draw f ing pay for the British o ficers to buying cigarettes , fruit and chocolate for all . The chaplains were a busy lot , usually up by six in the morning and not in bed till late at night . The patients in the hospital were a never- ending

of - source of interest . Every branch the English speaking f race was represented . There were Americans rom nearly

e of ev ry section the United States , Englishmen , Scots , Z Irishmen , Canadians , New ealanders , Australians , f n f South A ricans , West I dians , men rom the Channel

f of Islands , and rom nearly every other portion the In British Empire . the Isolation Division we had

’ ’

. . D . s . . . C . s women patients too , V A , W A A , nurses ,

Red Cross workers , and motor drivers . Officers were also admitted to the Isolation Division .

of The endurance and patience these men and women , sometimes during the most appalling and excruciating ad pain that can be imagined , won the approval and mirat ion of all who came in contact with them . The

American doughboy , the English Tommy , the Jock ,

AT BRITISH CASUALTY CLEA RING STATIONS

HE British Army medical service had estab lis hed a number of Casualty Clearing Stations a few miles behind the front line along the entire

f hOS it als western ront . These were tent p destined to receive the wounded as soon as possible after they had received the first aid attention at the dressing stations in the trenches or their immediate vicinity . They were

for as admirably adapted their purpose, may be seen by

. 6 1 see consulting the scheme of C . C . S . No ( page I The tents were large marquees which could be closed

or and kept warm by means of stoves in cold weather, rendered very cool and pleasant in warm weather by f raising the side walls . The rows o tents were separated

of w ell by side streets , down the centers which ran laid duckboards , or wooden walks . The operating theatre was usually placed in a corrugated tin hut and was amply equipped with all the necessary surgical inst ru ments, sterilizers , and dressings . ff f Attached to each C . C . S . there was a sta o medical f o ficers , nursing sisters , orderlies , and stretcher bearers . The medical officers attended to all the routine work and dressed the patients , also operating when necessity 13 6 H 1 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE OSPITAL NO . 0 3 7

demanded it , but the greater part of the operative f work was per ormed by the surgical teams , which were attached temporarily to the C . C . S . during times

. ff when the work was heavy The permanent sta , besides f or . 0 the administrative o ficer C , included a roentgen ologist and a pathologist , and consisted usually of ten

r f o twelve o ficers . The number of operating or surgical teams attached varied with the requirements of the

f or f t o situation rom three our , eight or nine . The C . C . S . were generally grouped in areas to which were attached a surgical and medical , and an eye , ear, nose and throat consultant . Patients were brought to them by ambu

as lance , and were always evacuated either to a b e

or t o as . hospital back the line , as rapidly possible Hospital trains were run up as near as possible to where the stations were established and frequently patients were placed on the trains directly from the f f operating room or trans erence t o a base hospital .

f . As will be seen rom the plan the tents in the C . C S . were arranged in such a manner as to expedite and facilitate the movement of the seriously wounded . On arrival every patient was taken first t o the reception ’ tent where the necessary record of the man s entry w as

w as made . The patient then taken to the dressing room wh ere he underwent a thorough examination . Cases requiring immediate operation were carried

con to the preoperation tent , those who were in a dition of shock or moribund were taken t o the resus T . 10 13 8 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPI AL NO

e citation ward , wher they were kept until they had

f or . reacted sufficiently t o permit o operation , had died The remainder of the cases were distributed t o the

reo era tents appropriate for their reception . In the p p r tion ward the patients were . prepared fo immediate operation and when ready were taken directly to the

of operating table . The great majority the operations were for the removal of fragments of shell or other

of missiles , amputations shattered limbs , and abdominal

Operations for the repair of wounds of the viscera . The surgical teams sent by base hOSpit als for tempo

of one rary service at the C . C . S . consisted operating surgeon , an anesthetist , a nurse and an orderly . Each team was assigned a table in the operating theatre , and the work of operating w as divided so that each shift had its due share of time on and off. There were

six or usually seven tables , sometimes more , and during active times they would all be in active use during

f - every hour o the twenty four . The work was very hard during such times but there were many days in

r b et w een on which there w as absolutely nothing to do . These were fully occupied in watching all the interest ing doings which were going on continuously in such f close proximity to the ront . At night the C . C . S . were kept in absolute darkness because of the danger from overhead bombing . Dugouts were constructed in which who S those were not on duty could take helter .

10 140 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . besieged and obliged to surrender to the forces of f I . Charles V , in 553 Ambroise Paré , the amous French f us surgeon w as among the prisoners , and he has le t a vivid picture of the miseries undergone by the garrison before they were obliged to yield . At Hesdin the provos t-marshal made the chaufferines return to Le Treport and gave the teams two ambulances, ff each provided with t wo soldiers as chau eurs . The women were bitterly disappointed and made vehement but unavailing appeals that they might be allowed t o f continue the journey t o the ront . Their disappoint ment w as subsequently aggravated by learning that another team which had left No . 3 Hospital at Le Treport ff at the same time had taken a di erent route , and not having been detected by any observ ant provost-mar

u . . S. shal had s cceeded in driving all the way to the C C , although they were packed off home at the earliest possible moment by the horrified C . O . and rated roundly for their temerity .

The next morning the teams pursued their journey,

. St eenwoorde passing through St Omer, Cassel , and

Poperinghe, and finally arriving at their destinations , ’

s . one two C . C . S adjoining another and situated very n t o of who ear an ancient convent Trappist monks , in f their white stoles and hoods , with bare sandalled eet , f orcibly recalled the pictures in the Ingoldsby Legends .

full of The trip was interest , increasingly so as the

. of Front was approached Troops all arms , and all the 1 1 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 4

Allied nations , British , Canadian , Australian, East

Indians , French , Portuguese , Chinese and Jamaican

of labor battalions , trains motors bearing pontoon o b ats , artillery and munition trains , all moving along

on in steady streams , while over the horizon could be seen the white little fleecy clouds of shell bursting over

sau the Front , and the huge observation balloons , or

in of sages , swinging lazily the bright sunshine a

. was f of cloudless day Poperinghe , a large town , ull animation . It had been and continued to be extensively

S of helled , notwithstanding which many the civilian population remained and the usual Sunday afternoon out-of- doors of the French w as being enjoyed to the utmost . For some days the teams had nothing to do but walk about and familiarize themselves with their surround

on of I f ings , but the night the 3 st a ter a terrific barrage they were on duty for twenty-two hours continuously and thereafter there were but few days of intervals

of . between these periods active work During August , September and October the British were engaged in active Operations on the Belgian front endeavoring to

f Pilken . drive the Germans back rom , St Julien , and

Paschendaale as w as f , and the ground well ortified and stubbornly defended the casualties were heavy . f Each C . C . S . o the three in the group in which were

6 1 2 0 a included NOS . 4 and was supposed to receive 5 p f f t ient s in turn, but it requently happened that be ore the 10 142 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

25 0 were disposed of the other stations would be filled

and the first one would have to begin again to receive .

BOMBED BY GERMANS

6 1 our All three C . C . Nos . 4 and , at which teams on were and No . 47 which adjoined them , were bombed o several occasions by German planes . The first night n

of which this occurred , Major Charles J . Biddle the

U . S . Aviation Corps , but at that time in the French

N . 1 6 . . . O Aviation Service , was at the C . C S His plane had developed some engine trouble while fl ying over the German lines and he had managed to plane back f into riendly territory, landing at an English airdrome

in our neighborhood . He had been told that there were American officers at the C . C . S . and had walked ov er there and to his surprise found four friends from

Philadelphia .

of In his interesting book, The Way the Eagle, Major Biddle has given the following account of what took place on the evening he passed with them “ P— ' Dr . told me the Boche had bombed t he hospit al

out of two the last three evenings . At first they thought i it a m stake , but when they kept it up it became apparent that there was no mistake . This is a big field hospital in white tents and lots of red crosses plainly visible . I have myself seen it from the air and you can see it more distinctly than anything in the neighbor

. of f hood A couple days be ore , a bomb had landed on

10 144 PENNSYLVANIA BAS E HOSPITAL NO .

of candle . Add to this the roar the guns and bursting

Shells and you can imagine what a quiet evening in a one field hospital back of the front line is like . The

off Boche that we could see was driven , but pretty soon we could hear others coming and this time so high up that the searchlights could not find them . As we stood there listening the sound of the motors seemed to have almost passed over us , when suddenly siz- - fiv e or bang bang , and six bombs landed plumb in

for the camp . We threw ourselves flat a moment and

You then went to see what had happened . could hear cries coming from the direct ron where the bombs had fallen and the air was filled with dust and smoke . One bomb which fell within about seventy-fiv e yards of us ix killed three men and wounded about s . Another lit — right in a ward imagine the effect when it was full of wounded soldiers $” In the course of one of these bombing episodes Miss

McDonald of , a nurse with a team composed Major

. of George E Brewer and Captain Woolsey , New York ,

N 1 O . 6 ou which was on duty at , had her eye put t by a f shell ragment . She was occupying the tent with Miss Mcl ll nd f C e a . The latter was ortunately not hit but had a very narrow escape .

CHANGES IN PERSONNEL

1 2 On August , Private Marren returned to Le Tre port , being replaced by Sergeant H . C . Stanton . S H 1 1 PENNSYLVANIA BA E OSPITAL NO . 0 45

1 On August 7, Major Harte and Miss Fairchild

t o returned Le Treport , Captain William Drayton and

Miss Florence Wagner replacing them at C . C . S . 4. “ ff The American o icers had the melancholy privilege, on 0 of August 3 , demonstrating their friendship and respect for Sir William Osler by attending the funeral of his son of , Lieutenant Revere Osler, who died wounds on that day .

18 On September , Captains Vaux and Drayton , Miss

nd f r a f . o Wagner, Sergeant Stanton le t C . C . S . No 4

Le Treport . Captains Mitchell and Packard , Miss

l ll nd . . 6 1 McC e a and Private Jab aut remained at C C . S 6 until October , when they were relieved by Major

John H . Gibbon and Captain Arthur Newlin , Miss Eva

Gerhard , and Private Myron W . Kirkbride . They h . . . 6 1 t remained at C C S until December 5 , when they returned to Le Treport, no more surgical teams being required during the winter seas on .

OUR BRITISH ASSOCIATES

A word must be said of some of the British officers with whom the Americans were associated on this ser

T b aut eau . O . a vice . Colonel Turner, the C , and Major ,

f of . 6 1 Operating surgeon at No , both o ficers the British regular Army, were most kind in all their relations with the Americans sent to them . To Captain A . Heeley

. . . Brindley , quartermaster , and Captain C W T Bald

ffi win , surgeon , two o cers attached to the permanent 10 10 146 PENNSYLVANIA BAS E HOSPITAL NO .

6 1 ow e of staff of C . C . S . , the Americans a great debt gratitude for their uniform kindness and courtesy , and with them they established a warm friendship . f was Both delight ul men , their companionship an inestimable boon . Two other Englishmen to whom they became greatly attached were Captain Ander son and Lieutenant Council , who composed the surgical team sent up from No . 3 Hospital at Le Treport at the same time as the Americans from No . 16 . This pleasant association continued after they had all returned to Le Treport .

C . C . S . STATI STICS

No . 1 . . . Casualty Clearing Station Team , at C C S

. . . . of 2 No 4, B E F operated on a total 3 0 cases

f 22d 18 during the period rom July to September th , f o n . . sixteen these cases being operated o at C . C S

. 6 1 No , during the period when C . C . S . No . 4 was temporarily closed , the remainder at No . 4 .

S S N . 2 . . A UALTY LEARIN TATION TEAM O AT 0. cS C C G ,

No . 6 1 , B . E . F .

f o . 6 1 . . Number days spent at No , C C S f N . 1 o o 6 . . Number operating days , C C S . Number of days no work Total number of patients operated on Total number of Operations

1 0 148 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . Creature comforts were notably absent and the environ

f t ent w e ment w as depressing . A ter dinner in the mess “ paid a visit to the Nissen hut , which was known as the operating theatre, and which contained five operating teams at work with the floor covered with wounded men on stretchers awaiting their turn for an operating

f r table . This view gave me o the first time in my life

’ of of an impression what the layman s idea surgery is .

f so Never be ore had surgery seemed unattractive to me . The next morning Colo nel DeLaney left with the old out for team , glad to start the peace and comfort of Le Treport , which would appear like a haven of rest f N 1 a ter three months at O . 6 . Newlin and I started to work promptly that morning with the intention O f trying to keep up the good repu t at ion f which the preceding team rom NO . 10 had estab “ ” lished . for This meant work, Mitch and Packard had ff impressed the commanding o icer, Colonel Turner , and their British colleagues with the idea that Americans f would rather work than eat . The act is they were thought a little peculiar because they Showed an inclination to continue working during the tea hour . We also found that our predecessors had a reputation for beginning their work on the minute and O ften working over into f the next shi t . Their zeal for work and their amiability caused them to be greatly missed and we , their succes sors , wondered whether we would be able to live up to the standard they had set . S H 1 1 PENNSYLVANIA BA E OSPITAL NO . 0 49

SO much has already been written and published

of — about the work a C . C . S. the long Operating hours— crowded operating rooms— distressing wounds

— ff of — the su ering the brave Tommies the long, crowded ambulance trains that carried away the large majority of the patients within a few hours after their — Operations the method of separating the different types of wounded and the other phases of the opera — tion of an advanced hospital that It seems t o me

t o unnecessary repeat it here .

1 Our team arrived at No . 6 at a busy time and our

w as initiation into the work prompt and complete . On three of our first five days we were at work in the “ ” out of t he - f theatre sixteen twenty our hours , twelve f hours being the normal shi t, with the necessary time

f r out o meals . The amount of work t o be done varied very much , however, and there were days when we did f but ew operations in the twelve hours . Such days were welcome because one had some opportunity of giving f his patients a little study be ore Operating upon them .

f our on t h Just be ore return December 4 , we had about ten days when no wounded were received at No . 6 1 and

f ur these were the hardest o o sojourn . Time hung heavy on our hands and our thoughts were constantly of f those at Le Treport and at home . Shortly be ore leaving ,

our v wounded were again received at station, but ne er again in the crowds that we had witnessed in the early f ff s o our . week stay , when the o ensive was at its height 10 15 0 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITA L NO .

ff The horrible wounds , the su ering , the high mortal

w as ity , tended to depress one and this added to at night by the disturbing visits of the Hun planes . During

was our off hours in the day time , our only diversion

as walking and , the roads were bad and usually filled

c w as no with motor tru ks and artillery , there great

one- of pleasure in walking . The track line railroad which carried ammunition to the front was our favorite prome

of nade . The little town Poperinghe , about three miles f behind , was o ten an objective , but when reached

ff d w as o ere little pleasure , as it always jammed with

our troops . Nearly every night shells passed over heads , f bound for this little town . At first we ound this rather disturbing , but later became accustomed to it and trusted that none of the shells w ould fall short of the target .

1 one f f No . 6 was o those un ortunate hospitals which was frequently the scene of the most distressing Sight

re- which human eye can witness , that is the wounding

’ and killing of already wounded men by an enemy s f bomb dropped suddenly in the dead o night . There was hardly a moonlight night that the Hun did not visit

n e our neighborhood and drop bombs , but only o on

our our occasion during stay was hospital hit . Six patients and an orderly were killed . Two of the patients were Germans and all had been operated upon a few hours before .

few of our During the last weeks stay , Newlin and I

H 10 1 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE OSPITAL NO . 5

of slept below the level the ground in shallow graves , S f two by ix eet by eighteen inches deep , which were

floor of dug through the our tents , and when the anti aircraft guns were shooting and particles of the exploded

S fallin hells were g, we partly closed over us a section of the floor of the tent which was hinged and which had f a piece o sheet iron nailed on the under side . This does

not f sound like very com ortable sleeping quarters , but as a matter of fact it was much warmer and much safer

than the floor of a tent . Two very definite impressions were made upon me

1 . during the two months I Spent at No . 6 One was the dogged perseverance of the British and their wonderful

organization for handling wounded troops . The other

was the fortitude and bravery of the women nurses . Night bombing is a terrifying thing and those who are

not disturbed by it possess unusual qualities . It was ffi terrifying t o Tommies and o cers alike, but I believe f that the women nurses Showed less ear than any one . n Our ow nurse, Miss Gerhart, really seemed to enjoy her experience and I think w as the only one who had

1 . w as f any regret at leaving NO . 6 She always cheer ul

w as and always working . She liked by the British , both “

men and women , who at first called her the American

of f Sis ter, but later spoke her less respect ully, but more “ ” - - affectionately , as Cat Gut Katie, a sobriquet which

I think had it s origin with my distinguished anesthetist .

t wo f Last fall , just years a ter our activities in this 1 0 15 2 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

Clearing Station , I had an opportunity to visit it

f few of again , when I ound only a the metal huts ’ - standing , but was able to locate the nurses dug out, and the holes in the ground where we had slept . The scene about the neighborhood represented a peace and quiet that seemed out of place when I remembered f what the same neighborhood was like two years be ore .

PLAN OF CASUALTY CLEARING STATION

. 6 1 . . . No , B E F

HOSPITAL ARRANGEMENTS DURING ACTIVE O PERATIONS

GENERAL plan of the Camp is hung up in the office and receiving room and wards and all officers ’ f and N . C . O s . will make themselves ully acquainted with it in order to ensure the smooth working during active operations . It will be observed that the area of the Hospital for dealing with sick and wounded is limited by the road

on far dividing the camp transversely , the part the side from the entrance being reserved for infectious cases and personnel . That part of the hospital for dealing with sick and wounded is divided into halves by the broad duck board walk .

row of odd n Each tents is numbered , the numbers o

f on of the le t and the even numbers the right the path , f commencing rom the entrance .

10 154 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL No.

for not im 3 . Cases acute surgical and chest ward t o mediately Operable . (Straight acute surgical and chest wards . No dressing . )

for . 4 . Cases dressing and evacuation (Dressed and

as if passed to wards 2 and 4. Or notified these are full . ) ’ ffi er ffi . o s 5 . O cers All sent to c ward but first dressed if coming under 4 and 1 .

r for P reoperation Wa d. Cases will here be prepared the theatre . All cases will have their clothes removed . The amount of actual preparation of the wound will be decided by the M . 0.

O eratin Theatre. Tw o p g theatres , one in a hut con taining five tables , the other in a tent containing two tables , with the sterilizing room between them . Cases with gas infection will for preference be sent to the tent theatre . B Operation ooks . Each surgeon is responsible for seeing that the details of cases Operated on by him are

of entered in the books , two which are kept in the large l theatre and one in the sma l theatre . Entries are to be made on the Field Medical Card in the theatre and f signed by the surgeon per orming the operation .

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

S ecial Treat p ment Slip . No case will leave the dress ing-room without the slip being completed so far as it applies . S H 10 1 PENNSYLVANIA BA E OSPITAL NO . 55

ffi Field Medical Cards . O cers will take particular care to ensure that the Field Medical Cards are correctly f completed and signed . It is o the utmost importance that any change of diagnosis from that made by the

medical unit sending in the case to this C . C . S . should ffi be reported at once to the o ce .

f . o i e. The classification the casualty , , battle casualty ,

or accidently wounded , sick , must invariably agree with “ m s e the diagnosis ade . Occa ionally the diagnosis crush d “ ” or buried by shell is made in a Field Ambulance . This Should be altered and the diagnosis made in accord ance with the printed classification kept in the dressing ”

t o f e. . . room , the actual injury ound , g , contusions No case must go down t o the Base without a diagno

is . . . s being shown , no case to go down N Y D “ ” on C . D . in large black letters must be entered the envelope of the Field Medical Card of patients under

- for going Carrel Dakin treatment , in the blank space

entry of remarks .

- as A nti tetanicSerum. In every c e arriving at this if . . S. C C , it will be ascertained the patient has received

- anti tetanic serum . Cases which have not had the

serum or where there is a doubt as t o whether it has been given will receive it before leaving the dressing

. . room . A . T . indicating that A . T S has been given

will be marked on the back of both wrists .

Minor cases requiring gas , etc . , can be dealt with in

- the dressing room . 10 156 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

’ - O . s Duties. The M . doing duty in the dressing room

2 8. are responsible for the patients in wards , 4, and They will see that no case from the evacuation ward is put on the train unless in a condition to travel and will also see that cases requiring it are redressed before being f of evacuated . They will send cases rom here to any the

r other wards Should they think necessa y .

t o direct 8 1 1 In regard patients sent to wards , 9, and 13 before being through the theatre the Medical Officers in charge will request any one of the surgeons on duty to see t he case should they deem it necessary before sending it t o the theatre .

Cases in R etention Wards . A card showing the sur

’ geon s number is hung at head of bed of patients that f have been operated on. The surgeon who per ormed the Operation should be consulted if necessary as to further treatment .

- f f X Ra as s . o . . 1 2 y C e The le t hand side A F W . 3 7 (a supply of which is kept in dressing -room) must be

- . . f r completed by the M O sending a patient o x ray . This form when completed must be sent to x-ray department that it may be known there what cases are If i waiting for treatment . a case s sent from the dressing

X on room an will be marked the treatment slip . Where possible and likely to be of value in the further treat ment of the cases the x—ray Slates will accompany patients evacuated to the Base . To economize the time of the radiographer the follow

10 158 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . kept in the theatre ready sterilized . Scissors , scalpels , f dissecting forceps , large pressure orceps , small pressure forceps .

This arrangement applies to both theatres .

Ordersf Officers will make themselves acquainted with all orders issued daily and will always initial the order book .

A WEEK AT CASUALTY CLEA RING STATION No 3 2

B Y EDWARD B . HODGE , M . D .

28 2 1 1 18 . . . N March , 9 , C C S team , Captains Hodge u and Dillard , N rse Stambaugh and orderlies Clark and Mangin , received orders to leave Le Treport and help in the offensive begun that morning by the Germans . In

f . 2 . company with teams rom Canadian No and No 47, the team was taken by the convoy drivers to No .

2 . 4 Stationary Hospital , Amiens Joined there by teams

f . f for rom other bases, Rouen , Etaples , etc , it le t the front as a convoy directed by motor cycle guide and

chaufferines t o of f still driven by , owing scarcity ront area ambulances .

About 9 P . M . the team reached its destination at Marchelepot some miles south of Peronne and in the area devastated at the time of the Hindenberg retreat . It was over 20 miles from the front when the drive

e . 2 b gan Four teams each were assigned t o C . C . S . 3 B H T 1 1 PENNSYLVANIA ASE OSPI AL NO . 0 59

f and 3 4, ours being among the ormer . During the night

ne f r o o . . S. more team arrived each C C , making a total

t o ff of fiv e addition the regular sta teams apiece . On

. Col . ff . . . C . . ur reporting to Lt Sutcli e , R A M , the O C . , o f team was assigned to the day shi t , going on duty at

- 8 A . M . on 16 the next day a hour shift . The garage cars left for the long drive home almost at once in order to be in time for an evacuation in the morning . There were 1 000 wounded waiting at the

C . C . S . The word that night w as that the Germans had made a big advance on a 5 0- mile front but would

on f certainly be held reaching the Somme i not before . During intervals of work at mess hours next day many troops were coming out of the line and a Divisional Headquarters was set up for a time directly across the

road . Artillery fire was very heavy and almost continu

us . o , but still distant

t o 2 d f On getting work Saturday the 3 , we ound fine

weather again but disquieting news and events . The

Boche was still advancing steadily , the advance had

was so not been checked at the Somme , gun fire not

e constant but nearer , a Divisional H adquarters had suffered a direct hit by a bomb in the night and many

t o our . . S. of the staff had been admitted C C , among them the general commanding with a serious head

e e e t o wound . A littl later ord rs cam cease work at noon

on all eight tables except ours which was kept going P M till 2 . . Nurses and orderlies were busy packing the 10 160 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . P . M . Operating theatre equipment and supplies . At 3

as the nurses were sent back by ambulance , going we afterwards learned t o 42 Stationary in Amiens . No more patients were admitted and all ranks were busy getting patients on stretchers and out on the duckboards ready t o be loaded on a train . f f By late a ternoon the last ambulance train had le t ,

200 cot . taking all but cases Kits were packed , canteens filled and everything made ready for leaving on another train as soon as orders should arrive . None had come

. . was since those evacuating the nurses , and the O C unable to get the D . M . S . by phone . He went over to

. f . . . f consult the O C . o C C S 3 4 as t o the propriety o leaving without orders on a train of b ox and flat cars recently arrived and loaded with our remaining wounded and some equipment and supplies . Many warnings had been coming in all afternoon of

of the increasing proximity the enemy . The engineers had just reported the road mined and advised leaving

’

. t w o . in half an hour The 0 C s . finally decided to

' of 1 evacuate in the absence orders , and about 0 P . M . we pulled out . Shells had been coming over for some f time . Many o the wounded Spent the 2 1 hours it took to cover the twenty-odd miles to Amiens lying on

on stretchers the open flat cars . Captain Dillard and

’ Captain Hodge occupied the brakeman s b ox of a box car, getting an occasional nap by the roadside when the train made a particularly long stop .

S H 1 16 1 PENNSYLVANIA BA E OSPITAL NO . 0

P . M . On arrival in Amiens station at 7 Sunday night ,

f 2 the wounded were trans erred to No. 4 Stationary

six Hospital , only having died out of the 200 who began the long trip . All officers and men were kept on the platform in the station ready for orders to go up the line again . Amiens had been bombed nightly since the start of

w as S the push and this night no exception , the how lasting from t o Neither the station nor hos pital was hit, however , though a French hospital was

not so . of lucky In spite the noise and excitement , nearly everyone got some sleep , lying either on the baggage f pile or on the concrete plat orm . f f Monday morning , a ter break ast along the tracks , we were sent up the railroad as far as Villers- Bretton

of neau . Here were hundreds wounded lying in the open , f and 6 1 C . C . S . which had been driven back rom Ham was putting up canvas for an entrainment station to

To our 0. . handle them . it was attached C and his

ff of sta . He had been relieved his independent com mand for having evacuated Marchelepot without orders when he could get none , and although he had

ff e got away all wounded , sta , personnel and some quip

re ment . Later we were glad to learn this had been scinded and his command restored .

Three teams , Canada , St . Louis and ourselves , were taken by ambulance to Cerisy- Gailly on the Somme

1 some miles away and there attached to 4 Stationary , l l 10 162 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

- . Lt . Col . Mills Roberts O . C This had been a French hospital and w as a fine b ut hospital of 1 200 beds with a staff of fine offi cers . They were now acting as a Field

for hemor Ambulance, terribly rushed and Operating rhage only . We were all on duty most of the night and could see the whole battle line marked by the burning dumps

of fired during the retreat . Our dreams work among such comfortable surroundings were soon rudely Shat f d d . M . o t ere . Going to bed at 9 A in hopes much nee ed

I 1 sleep , we were roused at by the news that we were to f pack and be ready t o move at I P . M . Patients rom here had been evacuated by ambulance t o the railroad

- at Villers Bret t onneau almost as fast as they came in . The sisters and luggage left by lorry and the detachment

- n with Col . Mills Roberts at its head set out o the road

. I 6 to Amiens The 5 miles were covered in some hours , and of the Six Officers who finished with the detachment f — our were Americans all who had started . The others h d O e . w as had pp lorries All the way , the road filled with refugees afoot or on t op of carts loaded w t h house

. w heelb ar hold goods There were lorries , motor cars , rows and baby coaches . Soldiers , civilians , women and — children , horses , cows , pigs , sheep and dogs all were n o the move .

We saw little evidence of defensive works or of troops going up in support . On arrival at 42 Stationary Hospi f f . M . tal , we were given a ree oot until 9 A next day ,

10 164 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

l ce or s p a in the wards , corridors , stair landings dres ing

f . rooms . The bombing kept up till a ter three Next morning after getting the Adjutant’ s permis d sion , we got the patients and luggage loa ed and started

f 2 for f for Abbeville . The orderlies were le t at 4 urther

2 orders . Captain Dillard was placed in No . Australian ’ General Hospital and the nurses in the nurses annex .

f im os Everyone was most kind and help ul , but it was p sible t o get transportation or the use of the telephone

f t o t o request it rom Le Treport . While trying accomplish

- ot . this , an over zealous English M . O . nearly g Capt — Dillard on the train to Blighty by way of Rouen much

f - to his disgust . Finally appeared some o the well known garage ambulances bringing the other teams and our orderlies back from Amiens in response to general ' f rd f r . o ers o return o C . C . S . teams to base One was

t o assigned us and took Capt . Dillard and Major Hodge back t o Le Treport . We were unable t o get permission to move the nurses , who were later evacuated to England , as w as Capt . Dillard . And so closed our experience in the great push for

e Ami ns . We were away less than a week but had plenty of action crowded into that time . We did some work and much moving . Our escape from serious injury was

our narrow and gratitude proportionately great . E S H I P NNSYLVANIA BA E OSPITAL NO . O 165

EA 2 CASUALTY CL RI NG STATION NO . 3

BY J N B . FLICK M . OH , D .

ASUALTY . Clearing Station Surgical Team No .

2 of 3 , British , consisting Lieut . John B . Flick ,

. . Lieut J Burton Roberts , Nurse Julia J . Ravenel ,

P . v t . . . . . rece1v ed P J Tate and Pvt H N Bradley ,

2 1 18. v orders late Saturday night , August 4, 9 Lea A M 8 . . ing Le Treport Sunday morning , about the

team proceeded by ambulance to Abbeville , where we f changed ambulances , and thence to Fienvillers . A ter

. 8 . . . travelling all day , we arrived at No 3 C C S in time for l t o a be ated dinner, and to be assigned the night f f o . as f shi t workers We were rather tonished , a ter having spent the day in travel to be so ruthlessly init i

. . . so ated into C C S work , but there was much to be done and so few to do it that we soon forgot all about fatigue and fell into the swing of things . Miss Ravenel and the orderlies had the table ready by P . M . and

f . the team had its first nightmare o C C . S . surgery . ff . rd f o On Sept 3 , a ter reporting duty and while at

f . break ast we were notified by the C O . t o be in readiness f to move orward , that three teams were leaving and that ambulances would be ready to convey us at

8 far A . M . . We had expected this , as No 3 was behind active Operations (Bapaume) and we had been getting

f 1 8 or 2 old . only over low cases , usually 4 hours We were t oo far behind for abdominal cases and we operated

one . only , a German and a hopeless case 1 166 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0

We were surprised and pleased upon arriv ing at No . 4 — Colincam old f old f . . S. C C , p, to find riends riends from the standpoint of having been acquainted with

f ur other members o o unit , Colonel Harte and his

of team . There had been heavy fighting over that bit

fe slow country a w weeks previous , work was , the

so C . C . S . having just been completed that day , we obtained leave and set out to view the battlefield . That stretch of country seemed to be just a series of shell holes and trenches . The German lines had been at

few of Sayre, a miles distant , and many the shell holes between Colincamp and Sayre still contained dead in all

of sorts grotesque positions , and usually with pockets

was turned inside out . The ground everywhere strewn with the débris of battle . i m Work was never very strenuous at Col nca p . We were on day duty and usually managed to find time for walks about the country , exploring trenches and

. f us dugouts The Hun nightly urnished with diversion , but never dropped his “ eggs ” close enough to cause alarm . We enjoyed leisure at this post , but later were to learn that No . 4 could be busy .

. 1 our On Sept 4 we received orders to return to base , and together with other surgical teams from that area made our way in ambulances to Abbeville and to Le

Treport by train . It w as a big convoy ; apparently all the teams in that army were returning to bas e for redistribution , although at that time we did not know

for the reason the sudden recall .

10 168 PENNSYLVANIA BAS E HOSPITAL NO . car most of us managed to get a little sleep . We arrived

’ six , at No . 5 3 C . C . S . at o clock in the morning only to

n on . z l st re find that we were ot needed , and Sept turned t o base . f . C . o our l . . . Lieut . Co Thurston , R A M , a cousin

1 6 No . first commanding officer at General Hospital , was in charge of No. 5 3 C . C . S .

On Sept . 26 we received orders to report at a hospital

. . S. No. u . near Do llens There we were assigned to 4 C C ,

for . then stationed at Beaulencourt . We were glad , No

4 C . C . S . was particularly well organized and well

our equipped , and we had liked the personnel at pre

. C . w as i . l . . . v ous . o visit Lieut C Raule , R A M , in command . We were cordially welcomed , but again assigned to night duty . As there were only two teams ,

on S - S f for few we worked ixteen hour hi ts the first days , ff n 1 . o going o duty at P . M and coming at noon the

- f next day . The pre operative ward was always ull ; we operated only on cases that could not be transported

f . without operation , and that were reasonably avorable

Most abdominals had t o be left to their fate . c The rush lasted about ten days , (Cambrai atta k) , the Hun bombs continued to interrupt our evening m eal , but it never amounted to more than ducking lights . Occasionally he hit an ammunition dump and f f r urnished excitement o the time being .

12 t o 2 . . . Del x On October we moved 9 C C S , sau

Farm , Beugny . We did day work and were glad of the Armistice Day .

E n ute f r ro o home .

10 170 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

f , o the time , work hours came and went almost without of our being conscious of a lapse . Rumors the coming one armistice already were rife . We treated American boy who came in with a convoy made up of patients abandoned at a German advance hospital , captured by f the British . He was rom New York City, a youngster about nineteen . He had been captured the latter part

w as of September while on a raid . The convoy made f up o Americans and British , some French , Italian , and

’ was Russians . This youngster s general condition

was of of wretched , as the condition most these poor

f . ellows . He was very septic and emaciated He had had

f - sur a disarticulation at the le t knee joint, the articular face was covered with granulations and bathed in pus and he had a compound fracture of the other leg and several f lesh wounds elsewhere . He said that the German hospital had been under-staffed and without adequate supplies ; that the prisoners suffered from want of food and attention , but that towards the last the Germans ’ seemed more solicitous about their prisoners care . In the early hours of the morning of the I 1 th we got f the first news o the armistice . There w as little excite

e m nt , but everybody wore a smile and that night we

s . had an extra good dinner, speeche , and stories Work

f off on . 1 six immediately ell , and Nov 3 th , about in the

f r evening we started o Le Treport . We travelled by ambulance to Amiens , where we could not gain admit

. one f tance to the hotels We tried a ter another , always L E H 1 1 1 PENNSY VANIA BAS OSPITAL NO . 0 7 told that there was no room and that they could not supply us with food . The Streets were crowded with a very cosmopolitan crowd intent on merrymaking and in

Spots a bit under the weather . We finally made our way

2 back to our ambulances and set out for No . 4 Station

on - ary Hospital the Amiens Dury road , where the

- of — f r n good night sister , in spite the hour o it w as o e ’ — o clock in the morning prepared supper for us and we

f r were given shelter o the night . That morning we

travelled by train back t o Le Treport . The total number of cases operated upon by team

2 2 1 No. 3 was 7 . MOBILE HOSPITAL NO . 8

BY EDWARD B . HODGE , M . D .

. was 200 MOBILE Hospital in the A . E F . a

f or f of bed unit intended to unction at , in ront ,

of Hos It al the line the Evacuation p , but smaller than the latter, under canvas and more readily moved

. A s from place to place a rule, it handled only seriously

- non . wounded , transportable cases Several had been put in the field during the summer of 19 18 and had proved so useful that others were being organized as f fast as the equipment could be obtained rom the French , after whose A ut ochir the mobile hospital w as modelled . To this end several different base hospitals had been asked to furnish the nucleus of staff and personnel of a f mobile hospital , the remainder to be urnished by Head quarters .

of or anIZat IOn for 8 1 2 ffi As the table g called to o cers ,

2 80 Col . 0 nurses and men , Harte had been asked to f ffi ff 20 urnish a commanding o cer, 4 o icers , nurses and

3 0 men . Although this seriously crippled his strength at 16 General Hospital during an exceedingly active

not period when replacements were in sight , he very unselfishly fell in with the plan and thus gave many ofus

not an experience which we would willingly have missed . 1 72

1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 173

ffi Our Mobile Hospital was No . 8. The o cers detailed

l . Co r . by Harte we e Capt Hodge , C . O . , Lt . Wilmer as

. . Out erb rid e . Adjutant ; Capt Nolan , Lt g and Lt Hether

in t on. . Out erb rid e g Hodge , Wilmer and g were promoted

on Mr . . s f I while this duty Eden was Chie Nurse , and st

. Dannehow er f Class Sgt w as in charge o the men .

. f . on . 20 1 18 for The C O le t Sept , 9 , the Instruction and Assembly Park , Parc des Princes , Paris , reporting

l . . to Lt . Co Jones C 0. He was later joined by the other f o ficers , nurses and men as the orders came through . f Here we ound that M . H . 5 had recently left for the

f . . 6 f few f ront M H . le t a days a ter our arrival and M . H .

. . t urr 7 a week later Here were added Lt S and Lt .

- x . Feldman , ray men , and Lt Wilder, laboratory ; also

0 f 5 enlisted men , casuals but recently over rom the

United States . The time was spent in checking up equipment and supplies , training the men in setting up and taking down

- out t he the tentage and portable operating room , testing ff di erent motors and trucks , selecting drivers and gen erally beginning to get some sort of plan of organization

e . as und r way The nurses made up some supplies , had g t rammg and then spent the remaining days helping out at A . R . C . No . 5 . About this time we learned that no more officers could be detailed to us so that we were particularly glad to learn of the possibility of our getting Capt . Keating

1 . of A . R . C. Military Hospital No . to join us Through

accom f Col . the kindness o Lt . Hutchinson , this was No. 1 74 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL I O plished and he later joined us at Deux Noeuds . The ’ 1 1 1 1 2 f . . 0 . o C . O s M H 9 , , and were at the Parc of with us , being engaged in various stages the same process . Our orders came on the 1 2t h t o move next day to

- - - Deux Noeuds devant Beauzee . The trucks were loaded by that night , and the train next day . The rolling

of — 1 stock consisted 4 trucks 3 tons) , sterilizer and

1 x- - 2 ray truck , Dodge touring car, side car, laundry — — units washer and dryer and 1 trailer . Two water carts were called for but simply could not be furnished at the time . Equipment and supplies made up some — 0 . 3 5 4 truck loads This was excessive, owing largely to overlapping of the French and American supply lists .

Col . Jones was improving this condition with every

. . f . 1 0 fl at 1 b ox 2 M H that le t With cars , 5 cars and passenger coaches , we made quite an imposing array f f o n . as we pulled out the reight yard at 9 P . M . o Oct

1 3 th . Dawn next day found us near Chateau Thierry on f the way up the Marne valley . So rom our train we had grandstand seats for the scene of the celebrated events between Chateau Thierry and Epernay . That evening

Sommeiles at , we were turned over by the French to — 1 A . the 3 th Enginers U . S . recruited from the Illinois — . R . f Central R who ran the line rom there on. Reach ing Evres that evening we spent the night on the train and in the morning began to unload . Lieut . Wilmer went

10 176 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . side and ran all the way from mired trucks to a serious 200 shortage of cooks . Imagine the latter when besides patients and 1 00 men we were responsible for feeding during most of a week a boarding house of 56 nurses and 3 7 officers $But nothing was t oo much for the ability and spirit of a command such as ours . By utilizing slightly wounded patients and volunteers from our

ot or f enlisted men , we g trained the cooks and be ore ‘ ’ f of . . 6 s long the departure M H nurses , o ficers and men h lightened t e load . f Capt . Wilmer discovered a park o 5 0 water carts

of near by , and through bribery and corruption the homesick lieutenant in charge , by inviting him to a

or r meal two to meet the nurses , two ca ts were somehow f “ diverted rom their original destination . Memorandum “ s l receipt, I believe it is called . The usual term is a vage . Thanks to kind friends we also for the first time — became possessed of two typewriters not through regular channels $ These things sound small but they bulk large when water must be carted miles and it becomes necessary t o borrow a typewriter from your f P . M . on chie at 5 , put two men it all night and have it

10 A . M . back kilometers away by 7 , in order to get out the payroll .

Capt . Keating arrived shortly and a few days later we were fortunate enough to get transferred to our

ff f of permanent sta Captain Speese , ormerly the Presby f terian Hospital Unit, who had been head o a team E E H 1 P NNSYLVANIA BAS OSPITAL NO . 10 77

2 with M . H . since July . So we had two experienced

r Icl su a . men as g directors Capt . Nolan acted as mess

f . f o ficer , Lt Hetherington as supply o ficer, leaving

t erb rid e r Capt . Ou g more o less free for Operating work . We had no chaplain and though we applied for one

on immediately reaching Deux Noeuds , none ever ar rived . Lt . Wilder drew the assignment of burying the dead in addition to his duties as sanitary officer and pathologist . Mortality in the serious head wounds was very high and Wilder had much practice as a padre . Miss Carter developed bronchopneumonia but made a smooth recovery . We met and were visited by many old and

f — mow — new riends , among them Captain Major Cad

m of f . 1 w l der f o . 0 a a ormerly B H , several me bers ,

f . . out M . H . 4 rom the St Louis unit , etc Troops coming of the line were billeted in the village and we often

ffi our saw their o cers , nurses always proving a strong attraction .

Among the many rumors afloat , two became quite persistent ; that Deux Noeuds was to be closed , the Head

Center experiment not having proved practical , and that another offensive on our front was imminent . f f Toward the end o October, word came rom Head quarters to be ready for a move t o a point near Varennes

f . very soon . All but fi teen patients had been evacuated

f r These could not be moved o some days yet, being

- was serious post operative brain cases . Our move thus 12 10 178 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . complicated by the necessity of leaving sufficient staff and personnel at Deux Noeuds t o look after these cases . — Nov . 1 out On Friday , , the push began as it turned ,

f our the last o the war . On Sunday morning we began

20 f . . move , aided by trucks urnished to us With Capts

Out erb rid e Speese and g , Major Hodge went ahead in

Col . the Dodge car to report at Cheppy to Eastman ,

f of t h Chie Surgeon the 5 Corps , to which we were to be temporarily attached . Here we were given our map location near Exermont and started on to look the

f on ground over . Caught in a tra fic block the only good road up the Aire Valley , we crossed to the other side of of the river, took a road through the edge the Ar gonne forest and crossed back again at Chatel-Chehery — to our destination 25 miles from Deux Noeuds . This w as one-half mile east of the main road and

ff r just o the branch road to Exermont . There was a poo

- stone entrance road and a worse turn around . It had been used as the Triage for the 2d Division and some

of . . 1 w tentage F H as still pitched . We were able to plan a set -up for our tents without too much inter ference from shell holes but were disappointed to find

t 1 the nearest water ank % miles away . Major Hodge

for returned to Deux Noeuds the night , leaving Speese

‘ and Out erb ridge in charge of receiving the convoy on

. ffi its arrival Due to rain , bad roads and congested tra c , the trucks did not begin to arrive till after dark and ke t dro in in p Z pp gz all night . What with rain , mud , little

10 180 PENNSYLVANIA BAS E HOSPITAL NO . rockets and flares all around the horizon and motor lights and horns amuck up and down the valley . Another day saw three additional teams assigned to us and our ambulance evacuations working smoothly .

1 l t h u Monday , the , brought the tr e armistice, but n no o e paid much attention at the time , having been

f us fooled once . The truth was finally orced upon by the absence of the familiar gun fire and drone of aero f planes . By a ternoon , confirmation arrived and at dinner the occasion was properly celebrated in our

ff . . mess by the combined sta of M H 8 and F . H .

8. 3 3 Work was by no means over, however, as we con t inued t o receive wounded until the 1 7th . With armistice day came clear cold weather and life was brighter . The laundries had been set up and were

was working well , the water problem was better but it

t o as harder get rations , coal , wood , g and supplies , as all — on first f the dumps were the move , orward with the advance and later back again as the Army of Occupation moved into Luxembourg and other troops were with I f drawn . t requently occurred that a detail going t o draw supplies found the usual place closed and had to — spend most of the day and cover 3 0 40 miles before nd fi ing the new location and filling its wants . After

or another week two, conditions became stabilized

. of and living easier When talking rations , it is only

t o sa our proper y that experience with the U . S . Q . M .

f was f . Department at the ront most satis actory . The E L 1 1 1 PENNSYLVANIA BAS HOSPITA NO . 0 8 food there was of excellent quality and variety and in ample quantity . It was issued freely and with little red f tape . Any di ficulty was in the matter of transportation f rom railhead to organization . This we were spared by having our own trucks .

. 16 ur Saturday , Nov th , marked o last admissions and on that day word came that we would be withdrawn

out of and canvas as soon as possible . So we began to prepare by gradually taking down what canvas was no longer needed .

1 Bessano or We had pitched 3 French ward tents ,

f : 1 1 assigned as ollows Wards 7, admission , shock

’ 1 1 1 f operating , supply , nurses quarters , o ficers ‘ “ ” 1 quarters 1 . Besides these we used 0 tortoise tents

— f for and 7 marquees the ormer supply , kitchen , drug and morgue purposes and the latter for mess and quar ters for men and night shifts of nurses and officers . On

1 t h 1 8 f the 9 , months rom home , came orders to assume

of I . the big black A , insignia the st Army Also came the rumor that all the mobile hospitals were to be sent into Germany with the 3 d Army .

This aroused much discussion and various feelings .

f for . t oo . . 8 On this day , F H 3 3 le t us Briquenay About this time we suffered our only casualties from wounds

ut erb rid e S Capt . O g being hit by a pent revolver bullet and one of the attached nurses by a rifle bullet . Target

F r practice in the neighborhood was responsible . o t u mately no damage was done . 10 182 PENNSYLVANIA BAS E HOSPITAL NO .

Our opportunities for sightseeing were almost ideal . Within a mile of the Argonne Forest at the level of “ - Cornay and Chatel Chehery, near which the Lost ” Battalion had it s experience earlier , we were sur rounded by localities and names familiar and famous in f our war records . Mont aucon , Romagne , Grandpre , — Varennes , Vauquois , Buzancy, Dun , Stenay all were within walking or motoring distance . Making the most

of of the fine weather and lack work, all who could be spared were on the road . By walking, using the Dodge “ ” - for and trucks , and by lorry hopping, the country miles around was covered and souvenirs innumerable f collected . Frequently the nurses , leaving on oot, re turned riding in limousines with generals or colonels .

No one of lower rank had a chance . Lt . Terry took a party of officers in one of his ambulances to Luxem bourg and Metz shortly before his command was detached and sent to serve with the Army of Ocen pat ion.

. 2 d few On Nov 3 , orders came to evacuate our remaining patients . During this week all our operating teams were ordered back to base . On Saturday and N ov . 0 . 1 Sunday, 3 and Dec , ambulances and trucks were furnished to move nurses and equipment to

Varennes , some kilometers south , with orders to unload by the railroad tracks , pitching only enough tentage for quarters , ready to move into Germany as soon as f transportation should be urnished . Evacuation Hospi

S 1 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HO PITAL NO . 0 83

1 f of tal 4, pitched on the lat in the bend the river at f Varennes , invited nurses and o ficers to share their quarters and mess . We accepted their hospitality for two days and then moved to drier ground— the nurses

. n going to visit at M H . 4 o the hill behind Cheppy at

- of Lt . Col . Klo t on ff the kind insistence p , and the o icers joining our men on the hillside by the road from Var

. . . . 1 6 8 ennes to Cheppy By this time, M H S , 4, and were

of f r camped within a mile Varennes , all waiting o

2 movement orders to Germany . Nos . and 5 were further

1 south . Here we sat till Dec . 7, seeing the sights , hearing rumors and going to dances and dinners given by the various commands in the valley . f ’ o . H . s Needless to say , the nurses the M were in great demand at the dances and entertainments and many a night the trucks were busy taking them to and

on fro. Our plans were laid to bring our nurses back the

1 for . 7th , and prepare a Christmas dance On the very day orders came to send the nurses back to base . So the dance w as off and the wonderful ball room floor we

off on had laid of no use . The nurses got by ambulance the 19t h to Bar-le-Duc where they entrained for Paris on the way to Le Treport . We were to get transportation

- - to Joinville haute Marne , there to be demobilized as a unit and returned to base .

Days and weeks passed and still no transportation . We whiled away the time visiting nearby places of interest and making up parties in the Dodge car for 10 184 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

on com distant points , usually business and pleasure b ined . Paris , Rheims , St . Menehould and Metz at different times received our attention . We were able ff to get leave through for a few of the men and one o icer . f Just be ore Christmas , we were cheered by a visit

o d 10 f from l Base riends , Majors Newlin and Krumb haar coming to this part of the world to look up the

F r m graves of relatives and friends . o three days we o tored them about , visiting Thiaucourt, Brabant, Verdun

1 and various battle fields . M . H . No . gave a big dinner n Shortly before its departure o Christmas Eve . That night Mobile 4 had a wonderful dinner followed by a very good Show given by their men . They finally got cars and pulled out on the 3 1st . Meanwhile the steady rain had flooded the river

which was over its banks up and down the valley ,

n 1 This ot only flooded out F . H . 4 pit ched on the flat where Evacuation 14 had been but drove the rats up

our of into tents and , most serious all , was washing the

. 6 railroad tracks Mobile got away on Jan . 3 leaving us

few . 6t h a cars to begin loading By the , enough cars

v had arri ed and we were all loaded , sleeping on the train that night . The men were on straw in b ox cars while we had fitted up a German box car with stove , f cots , olding tables and chairs and were most comfort

- able . All cars were wired up and lighted from our x ray truck , and in addition the electrical sergeant had arranged in electric bulbs a big figure 8 on each side of

1 186 PENNSYLVANIA BAS E HOSPITAL NO . 0 received that telegram $ On Sunday morning our train went around Paris and Spent the rest of the day wander ing over northwest France, arriving at Abbeville at mid

t oo for . night , just late a connection to Le Treport Our last sleep on the road overtook the men in the rest ’ camp and the officers in the dormitory of the Officers f Club . There was no train till next a ternoon when a two- hours run brought us to the familiar station at

- f f . not o our thirty It is a thing beauty , but it looked

old good to us . Still more so did the top and the many friends there from whom we had been away some four months . And so ended a most interesting and instructive experience . We had many pleasures , some troubles and a few sorrows . No command we met Showed more

for ffi ability hard work and finer spirit in nurses , o cers and men . This fact was frequently commented on by others . To this spirit and fidelity are due what measure f o success was achieved . Certainly we never failed to

was us f do what allotted , aulty as was at times the execution . No commanding officer ever had his task

of made easier by the cooperation his whole command . And always we had before us the stimulus of trying to f o . 1 make a record worthy Base Hospital No 0. DETACHED TOUR OF SERVICE

- BY LIEUT . COL . WILLIAM J . TAYLOR

1 1 8 N May , 9 , I was ordered by the British Author ities to report for temporary duty in the War Hos pit als in London on June 1st and accordingly left Le Treport on May 28t h early in the morning and reached Boulogne in time to take the duty boat which n sailed at P . M . and arrived in Lo don that Same

. w as evening This rather an interesting experience, as we were ordered to put on life preservers before the boat left the dock and to wear them until we arrived in the harbor at Folkestone . The deck was so crowded that a e w as f w as s at impossible ; ortunately it a fine day , clear

f . and cold , and airly smooth A mine sweeper had cleared the way ; a dirigible w as overhead ; a seaplane swept back and forth over the course and the convoy which

of t wo consisted the duty boat , two leave boats and f on hospital ships , was guarded by our destroyers , two either Side . My return journey was made in the same manner . of I reported to Sir Robert Jones , Director Ortho

edics on I who p , June st, was most cordial and inquired just what kind of work I wished to see . He gave me a list of hospitals most worth my while to visit and letters 1 87 10 188 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

ffi of introduction to the commanding o cers , and wrote

w as to the hOSpit als that I would visit them . I given transportation on the railways . After spending a week in Visiting the London hos

it als of w as p , most which time spent at Shepherds Bush ,

t o I went Leeds , then to Edinburgh to the Bangor

saw Hospital, with Sir Harold Stiles , where I much

of t interesting surgery nerves, hen to Liverpool and

o of the Alder Hey H spital, uch interest, then to Cardiff where the ce of Wales Hospital for amputation cases was instructing , then to

Bristol and back to London . I spent a very profitable day at Tooting with Colonel Percy Sargent and saw him operate upon various nerve

’ lesions ; a day at Queen Mary s Hospital for facial reconstruction at Sidcup where marvellous work was being done by Major Gillies and others , and went to various other hospitals . Wherever I went I was received with the greatest courtesy and every facility was offered me to examine the patients and to learn the methods of treatment employed . I reported again to Sir Robert Jones who ordered me

. 16 f r back to No General Hospital o duty . I left London June 29t h early in the morning and reached Le Treport h ot 1 18 . at the next morning, June 3 , 9 The inst it ut IO ns V ISit ed were well adapted to their

f officered purposes , ully equipped and , and it was a

SERVICE OF MEMBERS AFT ER DETACH

MENT FROM BASE HOSPITAL NO . 10

BY J . CLIFFORD ROSENGARTEN

R I I 2 t h R V NG at Tours November 4 , I received my commission as 2d Lieutenant and was made Assistant Superintendent of the 5t h Railway Mail Service to help out until the Christmas mail rush w n f as over . The work was uninteresti g but I ound a great many friends in Tours and had a very pleasant time .

I 1 1 t o On January st, 9 9, I was ordered Paris to

f of report to the Chie the Courier Service , Major Peas lee . I spent five very pleasant days in town while pro

for curing my diplomatic passport , civilian clothes neutral countries etc . and w as then sent on a trip to i f v a . Berne , Switzerland , Geneva I ound George Howe

as there Assistant Military Attaché, and we had a very

f 10 pleasant reunion and talked over the early days o No . f I . when we were ellow Sergeants st Class . On my return to Paris I was greeted with the welcome news that I was t o be stationed in Berlin and to make my trips f rom there . Five couriers went with a small mission from the Peace Conference to Brussels where we found a wild of f state gaiety and rejoicing, as the Boche had only le t 1 90 H S 1 1 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE O PITAL NO . 0 9

there a short time before . From there we went to Charle

’ “ roi and caught at night the British Officers leave ” train t o Cologne . At Cologne we were put up for the ’ day at the Officers Club and got our first view of occu

. pied Germany The people seemed contented enough , but it was interesting t o see how successfully the Boche “ ” had replaced many needed articles with ersatz . For instance even the bed sheets were of heavy crepe

. 1 A . M . on 2 t h paper At the 5 , we got aboard the sleeper on the train from Cologne to Berlin required by the f terms o the armistice . I might say that in thousands of miles of traveling in unoccupied Germany this was the only sleeping car I saw .

1 0 P . M . on 26t h We arrived in Berlin at January ,

f of e in uni orm cours , filed out through a dense

s of ff ma s people , who stared hard but o ered no insult , and walked several blocks to the Hotel Esplanade . The only Americans in B erlin were General Harris and five aids who had been sent in previously to attend to the repatriation ofAmerican prisoners . We found Berlin very interesting although conditions were very uncom

z e one fort ab le . Influen a was raging , but som how only f w of our party became sick . The ood in the hotel as f v ery expensive and unsatisfying . One . arose rom the table full but still hungry . In walking around one saw

- f no smart looking o ficers , as they had all gotten into

f of . arist oc civilian clothes , in ear their troops All the racy were tucked away on their country estates . The 1 0 192 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . taxicabs all had spring steel tires and only the army autos had rubber tires . The poor people looked thin f and rather pale . They were surely under ed but there

I f w as no st arv at O n. The fi th day I went to Danzig

’ leaving at ten o clock at night . I will describe this trip as it was typical of all traveling in Germany . One had to be at the station at least one hour before the train

f . le t to get a seat, as none were reserved This was the one train to Danzig and took the place of six running

was . in peace time, so you can imagine how crowded it A German 1st class coupé has four seats but was always f occupied by eight sitters and generally a lot o standers . The couloirs were always so jammed with people that it was impossible t o move around . All the cloth cover

' f . ings o the seats , leather window straps, etc , had been

. of stolen . At least 3 0 per cent the windows were broken and there was no steam heat and we sure had cold If weather in February . the windows were not broken the Germans would not hav e the windows or doors

as open, even a crack, and they all smoked terrible

r e satz cigars the result was indescribable . Impossible to

Sleep a wink . We arrived at nine the next morning and I delivered my mail to the Food Commission who were there to arrange the unloading of cargoes of food for f Poland . I le t the same night and arrived in Berlin the f f f f r ollowing morning, hal rozen and nearly dead o sleeq e moved into the Hotel Adlon so as to be with

General Harris .

10 194 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

rd e f On July 3 , I proc eded to Paris and rom there to

t h f . London on the 7 , where I had our days I saw the

1 f great parade in Paris on the 4th , and sailed rom Brest

n 16 - o the th , as a trans Atlantic courier, arrived in

of 2 t h Washington the night the 7 , and was mustered out there on the 29t h.

10 I often think of the wonderful work No . did in

for ffi France, and my respect and admiration the o cers ,

1 nurses and men of Pennsylvania Base Hospital No . 0 is unbounded .

BY GEORGE HOWE

d FTER . 10 I arriv e A leaving Base Hospital No , in Chau

on 1 1 1 w as mont October 4th , 9 7, where I assigned to “ of ff or Int elli the Second Section the General Sta , ” gence B , as it was called at that time , retaining my rank as Sergeant in the Medical Reserve Corps . Early in December I was examined for a commission in the Corps of Interpreters and w as made a Lieutenant n f f in this Corps o December 8th . A ter a course o study

for at Chaumont and at Paris , lasting several months , I w as a sent to Switzerland , as Assistant Military Att ché to for of the American Legation in Berne , the purpose

on ' I carrying Secret Service work in that country . remained at this post until two months after the armis

was tice, when I called to Paris and assigned to the f Peace Con erence .

In 1 1 February, 9 9, I was sent to Munich by the Politi H 1 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE OSPITAL NO . 0 95 cal Information Section of the American Peace Com

i w as f mission . In th s city I present at the time o the murder of Eisner and the beginning of the revolution f which reached its ull height later in the spring .

t o I n March , however , I was recalled Paris and at the request of the Peace Commission received my discharge f on rd rom the Army April 3 , in order that I might go to Teschen as American Delegate to the Inter-Allied Com

f r h f mission o t e control o Teschen . This Commission was Operating in East Silesia in the name of the Peace Conference as de facto government in an attempt to keep the peace between the Czechs and the Poles , whose disputes over the railroad and coal mines of this ex t r m l f e e y rich region had reached a stage o Open violence .

2 At this post I remained until June oth , when I returned to Paris to report on a possible solution for the partition of the territory . In Paris I remained for two months awaiting the

of f decision the Peace Con erence , but as there appeared — e of e to be no imm diate prospect a solution and inde d , — no solution has as yet been reached I decided that my services were superfluous and requested that I be sent

on 26t h home, where I arrived August , and terminated my connection with the Government . THE HOME UNIT

MOST invaluable auxillary to the welfare of

10 w as Base Hospital No . the Home Unit , organized among the relatives and friends of

was those who had gone over seas . It organized at a

f . meeting held at the house o Judge Norris S Barratt ,

2 1 1 1 . o one June , 9 7 This meeting was attended by ab ut

f ffi : hundred persons . The ollowing o cers were elected

as Judge Barratt and Mr . Frank H . Rosengarten an o con Advisory B ard , and an Executive Committee

Mr . of . s sisting Mrs Franklin Bache , William Redwood

Mrs . . Wright , Miss Louise Bettman , Norris S Barratt ,

Mr . . Mrs . . s and Arthur H Gerhard , with Howard E

as . . Seaver Treasurer, and Mrs Henry S Pancoast as

Secretary . Arrangements were perfected so that the Home Unit would serve as a bureau of information to those desiring information about the affairs of Base

No. I 0 of f Hospital , the correct method orwarding letters

r f b e o f r . u s gi ts , and how they could work o it Many s quent meetings were held and a great amount of work

done . The first Christmas passed by those in France was rendered happy by the thoughtful providence of the f Home Unit . The latter undertook the gigantic task o 1 96

10 198 PENNSYLVAN IA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

of . Reverend David M . Steele , at the Church St Luke

on f and the Epiphany Sunday a ternoon , November f 1 8 1 1 . was , 9 7 The church crowded and the beauti ul service made a profound impression on those who were present .

2 1 1 of On October 5 , 9 9, a Memorial Meeting the Home Unit was held in the Assembly Room of the

six Pennsylvania Hospital , and trees were planted on the Hospital grounds , each dedicated to the memory of one of Six of the members the Unit, who died while serving in France , namely

2 1 1 . Kenneth B . Hay , died , November 9 , 9 7

18 1 18 . Helen Fairchild , died , January , 9

1 18 . Paul N . Acosta, died, October 5 , 9

s 2 1 18 . Jame Allen , died, October 3 , 9 D X. chn 1 o e 2 1 8 . Frank y , died , October 5 , 9

0 1 18 . John Wesley Thomas , died, October 3 , 9 CONT RIBUTORS

ANY generous contributions were made by

persons who were interested in the welfare

of the Unit . Some of the donors desired to conceal their names and it is possible that in the accom

on panying lists their names do not appear this account . f Two ambulances were provided , ully equipped , through

f . o . the generous activity Mr William H Kingsley . One of these ambulances was taken overseas and proved an invaluable adjunct in our work . The day before the Unit left Philadelphia it was realized that it possessed no flags . The regulation United States and Red Cross standards were promptly furnished by Mr . Walter Horst mann and were carried at the head of the Unit when it f n marched through the streets o Liverpool o landing . The financial aflairs of the Unit were managed

B u . of throughout by Mr . eauv ea Borie , Jr one the f Managers of the Pennsylvania Hospital . The debt o gratitude due him in this matter cannot be ov erest i

e mated . The labor involved was very consid rable and

v the responsibility great , largely owing to the ariety of purposes for which the money given was intended and to the irregularity with which it was given or received . To maintain a just position in the circum 1 99 10 200 PENNSYLVANIA BAS E HOSPITAL NO .

stances between the donors , the Unit , the American

n was w a Red Cross and the Goverme t , not al ays e sy and the tact and uprightness with which Mr . Borie

v olun performed his thankless task was notable . He t arily gave up his cherished desire to go over- seas and remained where his duties were not only most onerous but absolutely essential to the welfare of the Unit .

CONTRIBUTORS TO PENNYSLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL I NO . O

i K E TTE R LINUS . . . BIDDLE, M ss EMILY W . , MRS J S

. L KE TTE RL IN US . . . BIDDLE, Mr YMAN , MRS E B

. L . . H . BIDDLE, Mr YNFORD KINGSLEY, MR WM

M . LEA RS . BODINE, MR . SAMUEL T . , CHARLES M

H . L L . BRADLEY, Mrs . SUSAN EWIS, MISS ANNA

. . L BROWN, Mr JOHN A EWIS, MISS NINA

. . L . . CARR, MR GEORGE M EWIS, MR SAMUEL W

. . . LI C0 . CASSATT, MRS A J BERTY TYPEWRITER

H . CATHERWOOD, Mr . WILSON MCKEAN, Mr . P. H CLARK, MRS . C . OWARD MEIGS, MR . WILLIAM M .

. . L . . CLARK, MRS E WALTER MITCHEL , Mr J KEARSLEY

COLTON, MRS . MARY R . MORTON, MR . A . V.

. Y . COOKE, MR RICHARD NORRIS, MRS . CHARLES

. H . F. . COXE, MRS ARRY C PENROSE, Mr . R . A . , JR

. D . CRAMP, MRS THEO ORE RAE, MR SAMUEL

H . K . CURTIS, MR . CYRUS RAWLE, MRS . W. BROOKS O D WNS, MRS . NORTON RHOADS, MR . CHARLES J .

DREXEL, MRS . RHOADS, MRS . CHARLES J .

. . H DREXEL, MRS GEORGE W ROBINS, MISS ELEN D E . . H . CHIL S ROSENGART N, MR F

. H . . H GREENE, MRS WILLIAM SMITH , MRS . PHILIP ENRY

GUIN, MRS . JOHN SPENCER, Mr. ARTHUR H . . I . ALE, MRS JAMES STARR, MR SAAC T H ART, DR . CHARLES D . STORK, MRS . T . W . H ORNER, MR . WM . MCPHERSON STOTESBURY, MR . E . T .

H 1 2 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE OSPITAL NO . 0 0

D . STOTESBURY, MRS . E . T . AMERICAN RE CROSS, S

B . . . . TOWNSEND, MR . J . , JR PENNA CHAP

. I G TURNER, MRS . WILLIAM J NTEREST, UARANTEE TRUST

VA Ux . . . , MRS J WALN Co

. I G WELSH, MR NTEREST, UARANTEE TRUST

WENTz . . . . , MR D B Co REGISTRA R’ S STATISTICS

1 BR ITI SH GENERAL HOSPITAL N O . 6 — R A N E U N E 1 1 1 0 E B 1 1 F C , J 1 3 , 9 7 F 4 , 9 9

ADMISSI O NS WO U NDED

M ont h

o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o

71 0

ab l c l o t r n. T e mpi ed b y Priv at e J oseph L. S ai

RO S T E R O F P EN N S Y L V A N I A BA S E

N . 1 0 . . . HO S P IT A L O , U S A

Aday ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF

. L e a . . MAJOR MATTHEW A DE ANEY, M dic l Corps , U S Army,

f Commanding.

MA J O R H . H e c e e e . . RICHARD ARTE, M di al R s rv Corps, U S Army,

Director .

. L . e . . t t . CAPTAIN N MCDIARMID, M dical Corps, U S Army, Adju an ’

H . L . e t e e e e . . CAPTAIN KIDWELL, Quart rmas r s R s rv Corps , U S

e e . Army, Quart rmast r

H . e l e e e o . 5 . MAJOR JOHN GIBBON, M dica R s rv C rps , U Army,

Chief of Surgical Service.

. e e e e . . MAJOR GEORGE W NORRIS, M dical R s rv Corps, U S Army,

Chief of Medical Service. PROFESSIONAL STAFF Cap tains

. . e e e e . . WM J TAYLOR, M dical R s rv Corps , U S Army .

. e e e e r . . r . FRANCIS R PACKARD, M dical R s rv Co ps, U S A my

. . e e e e . . . J E SWEET, M dical R s rv Corps, U S Army

. . e e e e . . A . WM T SHOEMAKER, M dical R s rv Corps , U S rmy W e e e e . . . ARTHUR NE LIN, M dical R s rv Corps, U S Army

. e e e e . . . CHARLES F MITCHELL, M dical R s rv Corps, U S Army H . D e e e e . . . EDWARD B O GE, M dical R s rv Corps , U S Army

H . e e e e . . ENRY C EARNSHAW, M dical R s rv Corps , U S Army

. e e e e . . . JOHN M CRUICE, M dical R s rv Corps, U S Army I st Lieutenants

KR UMB HA A R e e e e . . EDWARD BELL , M dical R s rv Corps, U S

Army .

. VA Ux Medical e e e . . NORRIS W , R s rv Corps , U S Army . 204 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 10 205

M dical e e e e . 5 . . WILLIAM DRAYTON, JR R s rv Corps, U Army H e cl e e e J . OWARD CLOUD, M di a R s rv Corps, U . S . Army . H e l e e e ARTHUR . GERHARD, M dica R s rv Corps , U . S . Army . e l e e e FRANK C . KNOWLES, M dica R s rv Corps, U . S . Army .

H K . R . e e e e ENRY DILLARD, J , M dical R s rv Corps , U . S . Army .

. e c e e e WILLIAMS B CADWALADER, M di al R s rv Corps, U . S .

Army . ed e e e r JOHN B . FLICK, M ical R s rv Co ps , U . S . Army .

. e t e e e e CHARLES S JACK, D n al Surg on R s rv Corps, U . S . Army . e t l e e e e EDWIN SHOEMAKER , D n a Surg on R s rv Corps, U . S .

Army . — Cba lain . E FFE R YS e Red p EDWARD M J , Am rican Cross .

. s . RESERVE NURSES , ARMY NURSE CORPS , U ARMY — Chief Nurse MARGARET A . DUNLOP — A ss istant Chief Nurse EVA GERHARD

NURSES

. D H ALBRIGHT, CARRIE S FAIRCHIL , ELEN

N . . A DREWS, MARTHA M FAUNCE, AMANDA D

D . FI LER, SARA A

BAIRD, ANNIE FRENCH, ELIZABETH

BECK, NELL FUHRMANN, AMINA

BLACK, SELENA BURKEY FLORENCE M . H GAGE, ELEN (MRS . ) B , YER MARY E NN IE GAULT, J

H GRISSINGER OLIVE CARTER, ELEN COLE

CUSHEN, MARY H H ACKING, ELEN

L . H DAWSON, ESTELLE ANSON, ADA

H H , . DAVIS, ARRIET ENDRICKSON GEORGIA E

H . OBBS, ELLEN J H ECKMAN, ELIZABETH B . OLLINGS, CLARA

D . H , EDWAR S, CATHARINE K ODGSON MARY

H L . TT , A ELLIO , BERTHA OOD NNA

H H , E A . ELLIS, ARRIET OLMES MILY 2 6 1 0 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0

KLE IB SCH E IDE L UTI E SILV E R NE LL G . , , ELIZABETH KR MA N E U O CK R L . , UCY SMITH, S ANNABEL KR UMA NO CK E R , RUTH SMITH, GERTRUDE C . H SMITH, ELEN L H OFGREN, ELMA SMITH, MAY . I STAMBAUGH, SABELLA

. IDA MACNEAL, JANE C SWARTZ, M . H MCCLELLAND, ELEN GRACE

MOORE EDITH M .

H . TOMLINSON, ELLA

’ TA ’T M N ’ ELIZABETH “ O BRIEN, ESTELLE WAR ER ’ O NEILL, ELIZABETH

VoLTz , ELIZABETH B POWELL, ELIZA ETH L. VORIS, SARAH PHILLIPS, JULIA S . (MRS . )

H WAGNER, FLORENCE E . RALSTON, ALICE OUGH H WILLIAMS, AZEL READING, ROMANA

REPLOGLE, EFFIE R OB E LIN , CAROLINE ZERBE, MINA

L . M RODGERS, MARY ZIMMER AN, ADA

— Dietit an e i FLORENCE BETTMAN, Am rican Red Cross CIVILIAN EMPLOYES

KR UMB HA A R H D . e R ed , ELEN , Am rican Cross Seceta es H e d r ri ARTER, RUTH, Am rican R e Cross

G . e R d FARRELL, KATHERINE , Am rican e Cross

1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . o

H DE RITIS, FRANCIS J . OFFMAN, FENNO

H . L. DE SHIELDS , WILLIAM , ALLOWAY, JOHN W

H O R STICK K . JR . , WALTER

D . H . DIFFEN AL, JOSEPH B URD, FRITZ D

H P. 2D . DILKS, ARRY , JABAUT, SEWARD W

H L . DO CH NE Y X. , FRANK JONES, ERBERT

DOOLEY, DANIEL J . KELLENBACH, PAUL E .

L . DOWNS, STEPHEN W . KENDALL, OUIS D

W. DR O UGH MA N . , MARK A KENDALL, CHARLES ,

DUNHAM, FRANK P . JR . K ELLIS, GEORGE J . KIR BRIDE, MYRON W .

FERRY, CHARLES T . KNAPP, WILLIAM C .

. FILER, WILBUR KRAFT, BAYARD R

L . H . . FINE, JOHN , JR AYMAN, ANDREW J

LE CLE R E . FOREMAN, JACOB VICKERS Q , JACK C L FORGUES, JOSEPH MAC ACHLAN, JAMES

H . Fox . , ELMER E MACMILLAN, ERNEST

H L . . GARRETT, ENRY MAGILL, JAMES P M A N E N G . H . G G GERHART, ARRY E JR , JOSEPH

H . . GLENN, THOMAS , JR . MARREN, JOHN A

G . GR A NB OW H . , ERBERT W MCCAHAN, WILLIAM

L . R . GREENE, FRANK MCCO MICK, RUSSELL C

N . GREER, FRANCIS C . MCDONOUGH , JOH C

E . L . GR ER, ROBERT B METZ, CONSTANTINE

H . . GRIGG, AROLD M MILLER, JOHN A

GUNTHOR P . . , WILLIAM, JR MILLIGAN, ROBERT D M H H . IR K I L H . GURLEY, RICHARD , AROLD

H . . AGENBUCH, JOSEPH S MOORE, ROBERT W

H I . AMILTON, RWIN MOORE, WILLARD B

H M H . AM OND, JAY W . NICHOLS, ERNEST H ARTSHORNE, CHARLES NOBLE, BAYARD H ASLETT, WILLIAM C . PANCOAST, CHARLES E .

H H . . AT AWAY, NATHANIL, JR PACK, JOHN F JR

HA Y . . , KENNETH B PASKEY, ANTHONY J H EENAN, EDWARD A . POWELL, CHARLES F .

HE ULINGS H . L . , OWARD N PRICE, FERRIS

H . . L OFFMAN, WILLIAM A RAMSEY, AWRENCE M H 1 2 PENNSYLVANIA BASE OSPITAL NO . 0 09

F. D . G . REEVE , WILLIAM , 3 SULLIVAN, ERALD J

L . SCHILLINGER, JOHN TASKER, CHARLES J .

L . . SCHWARTZ, WILLIAM TATE, JOHN P

SHAW, RALPH W . THOMAS, JOHN W

L . H . . SHEAN, OUIS V THOMPSON, ROBERT , JR

D H . SHEL ON, CHARLES TIMM, FRANK C .

L D . SHERWOOD, EWIS TURNER, GIL ON E

. VA N . SHIPLEY, MORRIS S JR VLIET, MORRIS E

. VIZNE R . SHORTALL, JOSEPH P , JOHN W

L . . SIBLEY, FRANCIS WACK, JOHN J

‘

R CLA R K E H . . SILVE NAIL, WAGNER, CHARLES M

L. SMITH, EDWARD , JR . WARD, RALPH

L . SMITH, WILLIAM B . WILFONG, WIL ARD N

STANGER, CHARLES S . WILLIAMS, PAUL A .

STIEF, DAVID R . WILSON, GEORGE B .

STIE R LE N H . . L , ENRY F WITWER, CHARLES

LE O . H D G . STINSON, F WRIGHT , OWAR

L. . STODDART, JOSEPH T . WRIGHT, SYDNEY , JR

L . . STRAIN, JOSEPH ZEREGA , JOHN W SUPPLEMENTARY PERSONNEL

JOINED THE UNIT LATER IN 19 17 OFFICERS

Captain Lieutenants

. . OUTE RB R IDG E J . PAUL AUSTIN GEO W

s . 1st . Lieutenant ISAAC B ROBERTS

RICHARD C . BEEBE WILLIAM WHITAKER

H . . WM . L . CUNNINGHAM B WILMER H MICHAEL M . NOLAN ERSHEY E . ORNDOFF NURSES M L R . R S ADAMS, ILLIAN EDEN, MA IE C ( )

CHA R LO T TE L . AGER, EDWARDS, ETA M

ANDERSON, SARA IDA AUSTIN, EMMA M . FRETZ,

T T MR S GA RVE R ICH H BARTLE , ELLA ( ) , ELENE BE A T I' Y L , ORRAINE GORRELL, NELL

I . BELL, SARA GROBEN, GERTRUDE BEVE LA ND MR E R . S G , GRACE W ( ) ROOM, MILDRED

G. BLESSING, BERTHA H BENTON, MARY V. ARTMAN, STELLA

. H CE BROWN, MARY E ERSHBERGER, FLOREN H L OLMES, IZZIE

CARR, REBECCA J .

L . I COLE, CLARA NMAN, NELLIE

G. CONERY, MARTHA ELA MINA KRAEMER,

. MR S DAILEY, SARAH C ( ) L I DARDENNE, ANGELE LOYD, MOGENE

DETWILER, SARA

DUNLOP, BEATRICE MCCAFFERTY, ANNIE

2 12 10 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

D . MACMURRAY, THOMAS RO GERS, JOHN W

TT . MILLIGAN, JOHN KELSO ROGERS, MA HEW J

H H . A OBER OLTZER, CHARLES STRAUB , R LPH ’

. H . . O BRIEN, PATRICK F THOMPSON, B

D . G . PONSFOR , WALTER W BUCHANAN, WILLIAM

. . C . . PRICE, E MELVILLE WILKINS, W , JR

REAGAN, PENROSE W . WRIGHT, ARTHUR RO CA P D , REA SERVICES OF OFFICERS OF BASE

IT 1 HOSP AL NO . 0

JAMES PAUL AUSTIN .

e e e e 1 1 1 1 . . Feb Ord r d into S rvic , August , 9 7 Captain Major,

ruar 1 1 1 . e H . 10 e al y 7, 9 9 Bas ospital No , M dical and Surgic

t e . t h . . . e cl du i s 3 4 Division , B E F M di a and Surgical work with l o4t h Field Ambulance and 43 d Casualty Clearing

t a . e e t al ed f e 1 2d el S tion R gim n M ical O fic r, 5 Royal Fi d 22 Artillery and d Northumberland Fusiliers . At tached to

s e H al . 10 1 1 1 . Ba ospit No , August I , 9 7

e a Dix A ril 22 1 1 . I e e t e Discharg d at C mp , p , 9 9 n s rvic w nty

one months .

RICHARD C . BEEBE .

e e e e 10 1 1 . L e e . Ord r d into S rvic , August , 9 7 First i ut nant

a e 1 1 . e e e H a . C ptain , F bruary, 9 9 Surgical s rvic Bas ospit l No

l . 1 0. t e e H 10 1 1 . A tach d to Bas ospita No , August, 9 7

- e Dix 2 1 1 . e one t Discharg d at Camp , April 4, 9 9 Tw nty mon hs

in service.

SAMUEL BRADBURY .

e e e e 1 1 . t L e e . Ord r d into S rvic , May 5 , 9 7 Firs i ut nant Captain , cr r1t h ee e c e 2 1 1 18 . e Ofli e O tob r , 9 M dical , Engin rs ; r cruiting

e . e e 1 1 1 . duty May, camp Jun and July Ov rs as July 4, 9 7

- efe e 1 1 . e e Cambrai offensive and d nsiv , 9 7 Ois Aisn , August,

8 . e e e 1 1 . . e e e e 1 1 9 8 St Mihi l , S pt mb r, 9 M dical Ward s rvic at

H . 10 1 . e e Base Hospital No . 0 Attach d to Bas ospital No ,

e 1 1 1 8 . Octob r 9, 9

Dix 22 1 1 . Discharged at Camp , April , 9 9

WILL IAMS B . CADWALADER .

e 1 1 1 . L e e . a Ordered into Servic , May , 9 7 First i ut nant C ptain ,

1 18. e se e e e 1 1 . , , 9 g , B D c mb r, 9 7 Major July N urolo ist a 2 1 3 1 2 14 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0

1 e t . Hospital No . 0. Consultant in N urology and Psychia ry

- ffi e of e e f e . O c M dical and Surgical Consultant, N u Chat au

- ce. e e 1 1 1 . e one er Discharg d F bruary 9, 9 9 Tw nty months in s vi

JOSEPH HOWARD CLOUD .

e e e e 1 1 1 . t L e t e t . a a Ord r d into S rvic , May 5 , 9 7 Firs i u nan C pt in,

c e 1 1 18 . e 20 1 1 . e O tob r , 9 Major, F bruary , 9 9 M dical wards, ~ — J une 0ct ob e1 1 1 . L e 1 1 l , 9 7 aboratory work, Octob r, 9 7 Ju y,

- 1 I 1 18 e e e 1 18. e 8. 19 solation division , July, 9 D c mb r, 9 M dical

e e e 1 18 of . wards, D c mb r, 9 to closing hospital

s e Dix 22 1 1 . I e e e Di charg d at Camp , April , 9 9 n s rvic tw nty

three months .

JOHN M . CRUICE .

e e e e 1 1 1 . . u Ord r d into S rvic , May 5 , 9 7 Captain Major, Aug st

f H e H al . 1 . 2 1 18. I e o e 0 8, 9 n charg M dical uts, Bas ospit No

e Gas f e 8t h . . . c e Division M dical O fic r, 7 Division , A E F O tob r — 18 e e e 1 1 18. e of D c mb r , 9 Division Sup rvisor Bathing and — e e e 1 1 18 2 1 1 . Delousing, D c mb r , 9 January 9, 9 9 Division e of e 8 t h Feb Sup rvisor Bathing and D lousing, 5 Division, — ruar 2 1 1 e 2 1 1 . y , 9 9 F bruary 4, 9 9

e Dix 1 1 1 . I e e e Discharg d at Camp , March 9, 9 9 n s rvic tw nty

two months .

H Y I . JO N RUMSE DAV ES, JR

e e e e 1 1 18. L e e . Ord r d into S rvic , July , 9 First i ut nant Otologist

L e H . 10. e e e and aryngologist, Bas ospital No D tach d, F bruary

- 1 1 1 for . e . t e e H t 5 , 9 9 duty St Aignan Noy s At ach d Bas ospi al

. 10 t 2 1 18. No , Augus 9, 9

e Dix 1 1 . Ten Discharg d at Camp , April I , 9 9 months in

service.

M TT H . L Y . . . . A EW A DE ANE , M C U S A

e e er e e H . 10 1 1 1 . Ord r d into S vic with Bas ospital No , May , 9 7

. L e . e 1 1 1 . e e e e 22 Major i ut Colon l, May 5 , 9 7 Colon l, D c mb r ,

1 1 . f 1 . . . 9 7 Commanding O ficer Base Hospital No . 0 U S

L f e Cflice Maréh 12 1 18. iason O fic r, British War , , 9 e t e e e a H M n ion d in dispatch s by Fi ld Marshall Sir Dougl s aig,

e e e 2 1 1 . e e t he e of ale D c mb r 9, 9 7 D corat d by Princ W s with

10 2 16 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

e e t he 6t h t he el ect m dicin to Army Corps, in St . Mihi S or ;

f e e L xe e . . . a t r armistic , u mbourg and G rmany, A E F

e l e Pa. 1 1 1 . Discharg d at Phi ad lphia, , April 5 , 9 9

JOHN BERNARD FLICK .

e e e e 1 1 1 . L e t e . Ord r d into S rvic , May 5 , 9 7 First i u nant Captain,

e 1 1 1 . c t a e H l . 10. F bruary 7, 9 9 Surgi al Assis nt, Bas ospita No — e e H . e e e O e 1 1 British G n ral ospital No 3 , S pt mb r ctob r, 9 7,

. e f e e f e e e t surgical work M dical O fic r Tank R in orc m nt D po , — e 1 18. l e . 2 . . S. F bruary March, 9 British Surgica T am No 3 , C C ,

t 2 t o e e 1 1 18. Augus 5 , Nov mb r 3 , 9 D i - e at ix A r l 2 1 1 . e t ee Discharg d Camp , p 3 , 9 9 Tw nty hr

months in service. N JOH H . GIBBON .

e e e e 1 1 1 . . L e . e Ord r d into S rvic , May 5 , 9 7 Major i ut Colon l,

e 1 18. e e e 1 18 . e e Jun , 9 Colon l, Nov mb r, 9 Surgical S rvic at

e H . 1 0. . . . . 6 1 e e e Bas ospital No C C S No , Octob r and Nov mb r,

1 1 . e e et e e e e 1 1 . s e 9 7 P rman nt d achm nt, D c mb r, 9 7 A sign d as

Consultant in Surgery in t he A . E . F . and served in t he Toul e t t o t he 26t h 82d s e t he S c or Ist, , and Divi ions and lat r

. e 26 1 18 e l Fourth Corps On Octob r , 9 , was s nt as Surgica t he e H Consultant to Am rican ospitals in England . Arrived New Y e e e 26 1 18 H x a . in ork D c mb r , 9 , on ospit l Ship Sa onia

e . C . 1 1 . I ser e Discharg d at Washington, D , January 4, 9 9 n vic

nineteen months .

H H ART UR OWELL GERHA RD .

e e e e 1 1 . L e e t . e Ord r d into S rvic , May 5 , 9 7 First i ut nan M dical H l e . 1 work with Bas ospita No 0. Medical and Sanitation work

e e e e. e e e 1 1 1 18 e ls wh r D c mb r, 9 7, to March , 9 , attach d as e l ffice M dica O r Tank Corps, B . E . F .

- s e at Dix 2 1 1 . e t ee Di charg d Camp , April 3 , 9 9 Tw nty hr t mon hs in service.

TT ROBERT BRA ON GREER .

e e e e 1 1 . e l Ord r d into S rvic , May 7, 9 7 Privat . Corpora , March,

1 18. e e 1 18. e e t 1 18. 9 S rg ant, April, 9 S rg an Ist Class , August, 9 L S H S 1 PENNSY VANIA BA E O PITAL NO . 0 2 17

L e e t a t e e 2 1 18. e l First i ut nan S ni ary Corps , Nov mb r 5 , 9 Ord r y, ’ ffi . C . s le a e at e H l 1 . O C rk, S nitary O c r, Bas ospit a No . 0 c e at a Dix l 22 1 1 - Dis harg d C mp , Apri , 9 9 . Twent y three

mont hs in service.

H H JOSEP SELIGMAN AGENBUCH . M e e e e a 1 1 . t e. t e Ord r d into S rvic , y 5 or 7, 9 7 Priva Firs Li u

e t a t a s 1 18. a t . C . ece e t nan , S ni ry Corp , May, 9 C p ain, S , D mb r,

8. e 1 1 at e H t l 1 . 9 Disp nsary work Bas ospi a No . 0 Medical

e e t . t l Supply d partm n , Sanitary Corps S il in France as Captain t h R d e e s e of e . ce in Cros , in charg th ir station at St Sulpi ,

France. l e at e e t e e 1 1 . Discharg d Cob ntz , S p mb r, 9 9

H H . RIC ARD HARTE .

e e e e 1 1 1 . e cl Ord r d into S rvic , May 5 , 9 7 Major M di a Reserve

. . . L . e 1 18. e e 2 Corps, U S A t Colon l, May, 9 Colon l, Octob r 3 ,

1 18. e f e e H 9 Dir ctor and Commanding O fic r, Bas ospital No .

10. e l e e e. e e Assistant Dir ctor Surgica S rvic in Franc Nov mb r, 8 H 1 1 e ee t . . 9 , Walt r R d ospital , Washing on , D C e e e M ntion d in dispatch s by General Sir Douglas Haig.

e . . M dal Companion St Michael and St George. British War

e e e . f Medal . Citation by G n ral P rshing Order o Leopold by

t he Belgian Government .

e 1 1 1 . I e e e . Discharg d January 3 , 9 9 n s rvic tw nty months

EDWARD BLANCHARD HODGE .

e e e e 1 1 1 . L e e . . e e e Ord r d into S rvic , May 5 , 9 7 i ut nant U S R s rv

. a e e e 10 1 1 . e e e 2 Corps C ptain, S pt mb r , 9 7 Major, S pt mb r 4,

L e 1 1 1 . e in e of 1 18. . e 9 t Colon l, F bruary 7, 9 9 Surg on charg

e H . 10 . f e Ward Group, Bas ospital No Commanding O fic r

F. e e e 1 . 8 . . Mobile Hospital No , A E , at Paris, S pt mb r 5

f e e H . 1 1 18. October 3 , 9 Commanding O fic r Mobil ospital No 8 r e 1 1 18 1 1 1 1 at e x , Ist A my, Octob r 3 , 9 , to January , 9 9, D u Bran ee xe Vanneus and e Noeuds devant g , E rmont, Joinvill

haute Marne.

Dix 22 1 1 . I serv Ice e Discharged at Camp , April , 9 9 n tw nty

three months . 10 2 18 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

GEORGE HOWE .

e e e e 1 1 . t e . . . . . Ord r d into S rvic , May 7, 9 7 Priva , U S M R C

e e t s 1 1 1 . t L e e o of S rg an , Ist Cla s, May 9, 9 7 Firs i ut nant, C rps ’

I e et e e e e 8 1 1 . I e of e s s nt rpr rs, D c mb r , 9 7 n charg R gi trar

'

ffi e Base Hos it al . 10. I t el e e e t G . H . . O c , p No n lig nc S c ion , Q ,

. . ct e 1 1 1 1 18. t A E F O ob r 4, 9 7 to April 4, 9 Assistan Military ace e e e 1 18 10 Att h , B rn , Switz rland, April 4, 9 , to January ,

. . c e e e e a 10 1 1 . . t I 9 9 A P C Poli i al nt llig nc S ction, J nuary

t 26. l t o 26 1 1 e e t to Augus From Apri 4 August , 9 9, s rv d wi h t e e t he A . P . C . as civilian wi h post as Am rican Commission r

on t he Interallied Commission for t he Cont rol of Teschen .

- e e 1 1 . I e e e ee Discharg d in Franc , April 4, 9 9 n s rvic tw nty thr

months .

CHARLES S . JACK .

e e e e 1 1 . L e t e t . Ord r d into S rvic , May 4, 9 7 First i u nan Major,

e 10 1 18. L . e e a 2 1 1 . Dent al F bruary , 9 t Colon l, F bru ry , 9 9

e e H . 10. Surg on, Bas ospital No

- e Dix A ril 22 1 1 . e t t ee Discharg d at Camp , p , 9 9 Tw n y hr

months in service.

EDWARD MILL ER JEFFERYS (S . T . D . )

e e t e e 1 1 . . L e t e a Ord r d in o S rvic , May 3 , 9 7 Chaplain First i u n nt,

e 2 1 18. a e e 1 1 1 . of Octob r 9, 9 C ptain, Nov mb r 3 , 9 9 Chaplain 1 Base Hospital NO . 0 and Church of England Chaplain of ’

. 16 e e I . o No G n ral and solation Division Chaplain s Scho l, ’

. e of S. s St Om r and dist ribution Nurses various C . C . in

e 1 1 . e . . . . Fland rs, Autumn , 9 7 T mporary Chaplain, B R C No 1 0 e e H a , G n ral ospitals 47 and 3 , Canadian 3 , British L bor

a I f . cat Battalions, Australi n n antry, British Tanks Eva u ion

H 18 e . . F. L e e e e ospital , S cond Army, A E , in orrain , D c mb r

2 1 18 8 1 1 . He t e 4, 9 , to January , 9 9 adquar rs Third Army,

. . F. e e a 8 1 1 A E , Cobl nz, G rmany, Janu ry , 9 9, to March

4. 19 19

e t . 1 1 . I e e e t Discharg d at Bos on, Mass , May 7, 9 9 n s rvic tw n y f our months and fiv e days .

10 220 PENNSYLVANIA BAS E HOSPITAL NO .

e e 1 e r e . . ece e 2 S rv d with 5th Fi ld A till ry, A E F D mb r 5 , l 1 1 e e 1 1 18. e e H t 9 7, to Nov mb r 4, 9 Attach d to Bas ospi a

. 10 e e 1 1 18 as ffi e e e No , Nov mb r 7, 9 , Sanitary O c r, and s rv d

t 22 1 1 . with that organization un il April , 9 9 fiv e Dix . 22 1 1 . I e e e Discharg d at Camp , N J April , 9 9 n s rvic e f y ars and our months .

M . . . . L . I I . C NOR AN MCD ARM D, M , U S A

e e e e e H . 10 1 1 . Ord r d into S rvic with Bas ospital No , May 4, 9 7

a . 1 1 1 . Lt . e e 1 1 18 C ptain Major, May 5 , 9 7 Colon l, Jun 3 , 9 ,

f 1 18. l el 1 1 . to rank rom January 9, 9 Co on , May 5 , 9 9 Adjutant, ’ f ce e H t l . 10. e ef e Bas ospi a No Supply D sk, Chi Surg on s O fi ,

. . . e 0t h . A E F Division Surg on , 9 Division

CHARLES FRANKLIN MITCHELL .

e e e e 1 1 1 . L e t e . a Ord r d into S rvic , May 5 , 9 7 First i u nant C ptain ,

e 1 1 e 28 1 18. Lt . o e e Octob r 4, 9 7. Major, Jun , 9 C lon l, F bruary

26 1 1 . e of . 6 , 9 9 In charg Surgical wards No 4, 5 , , 7, and

81 Hut e H t al . 10. of l . A D , at Bas ospi No Also Surgica Division

I of f e e 1 18. tt ace n Command Unit rom Nov mb r 4, 9 A h d

. . . . 6 1 . . 2 1 1 1 c e 6 1 1 . C C S No , B E F July , 9 7, to O tob r , 9 7

e at Dix . J . 22 1 1 . I e e Discharg d Camp , N , April , 9 9 n s rvic e - tw nty three mont hs . H ART UR NEWLIN .

e e e ce 1 1 1 . L e t e t . a a Ord r d into S rvi , May 5 , 9 7 First i u nan C pt in,

e e e 1 1 . ct e 1 1 18. e e . S pt mb r 9, 9 7 Major, O ob r , 9 M dical Dir ctor ef Medical ect 1 18 t o e 1 1 Chi Dir or, March, 9 , F bruary, 9 9, H se . 10. a e . . . . 6 1 ct e Ba ospital No Att ch d to C C S No , O ob r

e e 1 1 . and Nov mb r, 9 7 e D ce ix . 1 1 1 . I se Discharg d at Camp , N J April 5 , 9 9 n rvi e t - tw n y three months . I H L L M C AE MCCORMACK NO AN .

e e er e 1 1 1 . s L e e . Ord r d into S vic , August I , 9 7 Fir t i ut nant

e 2 1 1 1 . ca 8 e 1 1 1 . e Captain , cJun , 9 Major, F bruary 7, 9 9 M di l e e e H N 1 . e e and Surgi al s rvic s at Bas ospital o. 0 Surgical S rvic ,

e e H cal . . . 2 e H t British G n ral ospital No 3 3 Fi ld ospi al, Surgi 2d e ex e e e l ffi e . 1 . G . t e Middl s R gim nt, M dica O c r 3 R Ar ill ry, S 10 22 1 PENNSYLVANIA BA E HOSPITAL NO .

f ce . 1 ee . S. e al ff e . Medical O fi r 4th Engin rs, U , M dic O ic r M l . 8 . S. edical H e e. t Mobile ospita No , U , s rvic A tached

H t l No. 10 e t e e 2 1 1 . Base ospi a , S p mb r , 9 7 Dix e a . l 1 1 1 . I e e Discharg d at C mp , N J Apri 7, 9 9 n s rvic

twenty months .

GEORGE WILLIAM NORRIS .

e e e e 1 1 1 . a . L Ord r d into S rvic , May 5 , 9 7 C ptain (First ieu

e . . C. 12 e e e 10 t nant, M R , May , Major, S pt mb r ,

1 1 . L . e e 6 1 18. e e e 16 1 18. 9 7 t Colon l , Jun , 9 Colon l, Nov mb r , 9

ef of e l e H l No. 10. e Chi M dica Division , Bas ospita Toul S ctor,

e l a t h . e e M dica Consult nt , 4 Army Corps L ctur r, Sanitary

Lan ies . ef e l t ase e School at g Chi M dical Consu tan , B S ction

. . . H x . 3 , (England) C O Troops ospital Ship Sa onia

r e H e e e e 2 1 18. I e e e Discha g d at obok n , D c mb r 7, 9 n s rvic nin

teen months .

- Re e ne . . C . e e commission d Colo l, M R , inactiv list, F bruary,

19 19 .

D GEORGE WH ITNEY OUTERBR I GE .

e e e e 1 1 1 1 . L e e . Ord r d into S rvic , August , 9 7 First i ut nant

a c e 8 1 18. Chiefl es C ptain, O tob r , 9 y Surgical Ward dr sings at H 1 . l Base Hospital No . 0 Medica work at Stationary ospital 8 0 . . . F. e e e 1 1 1 No 5 , B E , Di pp , F bruary 5 , 9 , to March 3 ,

NO 8 . . e 8 1 18 t o 1 1 . H t al 9 8 Mobile ospi , A E F Octob r , 9 ,

1 1 1 . January 3 , 9 9

Dix . J . A ril 22 1 1 . I e e Discharged at Camp , N , p , 9 9 n s rvic

twent y months.

FRANCIS RANDOLPH PACKARD .

e 1 1 1 . L e e . a , Ordered into Servic , May 5 , 9 7 First i ut nant C ptain

e 1 1 18. L t 2 1 1 . Sept ember 0, 9 7 Major, Octob r , 9 aryngologis

10. ne e and Ot ologist to Base Hospital NO . A sth tist at 6 1 2 1 1 1 e British C . C . S . No . , July , 9 7, to Octob r of Centre Consultant in Otology and Laryngology, District

1 e e e 2 1 18. Se e e 1 1, 1 8, 7, 9 Paris, pt mb r 9 to D c mb r

1 1 . e e Dix . 2 I Discharged at Camp , N J January 5 , 9 9 n s rvic

twenty months and t en days . 1 222 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0

LAWRENCE M . RAMSEY .

e e e e 1 1 . e. e L e Ord r d into S rvic , May 7, 9 7 Privat S cond i u f e 10 1 18. c L e t nant, July , 9 A ting iaison o fic r and Ammunition

f e t 26t h 10 d e t e . e t t t he o fic r wi h Division, 3 Fi ld Ar ill ry W n in o

- e ffe e . . e ffe Chateau Thierry Aisn o nsiv St Mihi l o nsive.

- Meuse Argonne battle.

c e at Dix . 16 1 1 . Dis harg d Camp , N J May , 9 9

ISAAC BURTON ROBERTS .

e e e e 1 1 1 1 . L e t e . Ord r d into S rvic , August , 9 7 First i u nant M di l 18 1 18 . e ca I Captain , August , 9 Division and solation

e H . 10. Six ee . Division , Bas ospital No w ks with No 3 British

e e H Le e e e e t e 1 1 . G n ral ospital, Tr port, S pt mb r and Oc ob r, 9 7 ’

e e . . S. s u 2 e e 1 An sth tist in British C C Aug st 5 to Nov mb r 3 ,

1 18. e e H . 10 t 1 1 1 1 . 9 Attach d to Bas ospital No , Augus , 9 7

c e . e 1 1 . I e e Dis harg d at St Aignan, Franc , March 9, 9 9 n s rvic

nineteen months .

J . CLIFFORD ROSENGARTEN .

e e e e 1 1 . e. e e 15 1 Ord r d into S rvic , May 7, 9 7 Privat S rg ant,

2 1 1 . 2d L e e e er ce Class, May 3 , 9 7 i ut nant, Couri r S vi , at

e e 20 1 18. Tours, Nov mb r , 9

- e e e 20 1 18. e e e Discharg d at Tours, Nov mb r , 9 Tw nty s v n e e months in s rvic .

H OWARD EWES SEAVER .

e e e e 1 1 . e. 2d L e e Ord r d in S rvic , May 9, 9 7 Privat i ut nant,

. . C . Dec. 1 18. t e a t e t e Q M , 9, 9 Assistan Quart rm s r and Quar r e e H 10 mast r, Bas ospital No . . Di e x 2 1 1 1 . I e ce t e t Discharg d at Camp , April , 9 9 n s rvi w n y e thr e months .

H EDWIN S OEMAKER .

e e e e 1 1 1 . t Li e e . a Ord r d into S rvic , May 5 , 9 7 Firs ut nant Capt in ,

e 10 1 18. e 1 1 1 . e t l e F bruary , 9 Major, F bruary 7, 9 9 D n a Surg on , e H 1 Bas ospital No . 0. e Di at x . A ril 22 1 1 . Discharg d Camp , N J p , 9 9

22 1 4 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0

NORRIS WISTAR VAUX.

e e e e 1 1 1 . L e e . t Ord r d into S rvic , May 5 , 9 7 First i ut nant Cap ain ,

e 1 18. 2 1 1 . e e Octob r 5 , 9 Major, March 9, 9 9 Surgical S rvic and

1 . e . . . adjutant at Base Hospit al No . 0 Ord red to C C S July 4

1 1 c e . 9 7, on Surgi al t am

e at Dix . J . 2 1 1 . I e ce Discharg d Camp , N , April 3 , 9 9 n s rvi twenty-three mont hs

WILL IAM WH ITAKER .

L e t e . 20 1 18. First i u nant Captain, August , 9 On duty in

H 10. e Surgical Sect ion of Base ospit al No . Attach d there

e e e 1 1 . S pt mb r 7, 9 7

e at Dix . J . 22 1 1 . I se e Discharg d Camp , N , April , 9 9 n rvic

twent y months . H ARRY BOND WILMER .

e e t e e st 12 1 1 . L eu e . Ord r d in o S rvic , Augu , 9 7 First i t nant M ical c e 28 1 18. e ca ff e ed e e Captain, O tob r , 9 M di l O ic r on S rvic ; Sanitary Officer ; Detachment Commander ; Adjutant ; Officer

‘

e of e e e H al . 10 . in charg Ent rtainm nt, Bas ospit No Adjutant

e H t a . 8 . . . Mobil ospi l No , A E F Dix 1 1 s e a . l 1 . Di charg d at C mp , N J Apri 9, 9 9

GEORGE B . WILSON .

O e e e e 1 1 . e. st rd r d into S rvic , May 7, 9 7 Privat Corporal, Augu

1 1 . e e e e e 10 1 1 . e e 4, 9 7 S rg ant, S pt mb r , 9 7 S rg ant, Ist Class,

e e e 1 1 1 . H a S t . 1 18. 2d L e e D c mb r 5 , 9 7 ospit l g , May, 9 i ut nant,

e e 2 1 18 . e e e Sanitary Corps , Nov mb r 5 , 9 M ss ng r ; Ward s H e 1 . ma t r and Adjutant at Base ospital No . 0 Dix e a 22 1 1 . I Discharg d at C mp , April , 9 9 n service twenty ee on - f thr and e hal months . NURSING PERSONNEL OF PENNSYL

VANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . I O

LIST OF ORIGINAL SIXTY- FOUR NURSES

G aduates o P enns lva a Hos H G. r f y ni MCCLELLAND, ELEN ’ tal B p i O NEILL, ELIZA ETH ’ DUNLOP, MARGARET A . O BRIEN, ESTELLE W . Ch e Nu se ( i f r ) POWELL, ELIZABETH

EVA A ss stant H . GERHARD, ( i RALSTON, ALICE Ch e Nu se i f r ) READING, ROMANA

. L . ANDREWS, MARTHA M RODGERS, MARY

BECK, NELL REPLOGLE, EFFIE H BLACK, SELENA SMITH, MAY .

H SILV E R NE LL G. CARTER, ELEN COLE , ELIZABETH

. H . DAWSON, ESTELLE M TOMLINSON, ELLA

H R L . DAVIS, ARRIET VORIS, SA A

D . EDWAR S, KATHARINE WAGNER, FLORENCE E

K . HA zE L EC MAN, ELIZABETH B WILLIAMS, A B FRENCH, ELIZ BETH ZER E, MINA D H FAIRCHIL , ELEN d es . G a uat o Ge mant wn FAUNCE, AMANDA D r f r o

I . ital GRISSINGER, OL VE M p

H L. . . GAGE, ELEN , MRS ALBRIGHT, CARRIE S H H OOD, ANNA ELLIS , ARRIET

H . E NN IE OLMES, EMILY A GAULT, J

H H H . ACKING, ELEN SMITH, GERTRUDE

H , ANSON, ADA VOLTZ ELIZABETH K MA NOCK E R L R U , UCY N K E R G aduates o Ge man H s ital KR UMA OC , RUTH r f r o p L H OFGREN, ELMA OLLINGS, CLARA

H H . E . D , MOORE, DITH M O GSON MARY

MACNEAL, JANE C . ELLIOTT, BERTHA 22 15 5 10 226 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO .

Graduates of J ewisb Hosp ital Graduates of P resby terian Hos tal BAIRD, ANNIE p i R OB E LE N BYER , MARY , CAROLINE I B STAMBAUGH, SA ELLE

G aduates O J e erson H s tal r f fi o p i Graduates of H abneman Hosp ital H S , . N MITH ELEN SMITH, S A NABEL CUSHEN MA R Y - G aduates o Medi cCbi . Hos M r f o ZIMMER AN, ADA p i tal HOBBS ELLEN J .

IDA . SWARTZ, M

G aduates o P l clin cH s tal G aduates o Read n H s ital r f o y i o p i r f i g o p ,

P a. FIDLER, SARA A .

FUHRMANN, AMINA BURKEY, FLORENCE M . KL E IB SCH E IDE L UTI E G aduates o Met litan Hos , r f ropo

H D . ital N. Y. EN RICKSON, GEORGIA E p ,

. S. . TAIT, ELIZABETH M PHILLIPS, JULIA , MRS CIVILIANS

Dietetian - BETTMAN, FLORENCE — M H A A R H D . T h. KR U B . Lab. ec , ELEN , MRS — Ste a he s R nogr p r FAR ELL, KATHERINE H ARTER, RUTH

R E - INFOR CEMENTS ADDED LATER

J ul 1 8 1 1 . y , 9 7 BENTON, MARY V H OPKINS, SARA S . BROWN, MARY E .

S G . MCELHENNEY, MALI S BLESSING, BERTHA

L . OBENCHAIN, EDNA COLE, CLARA

U . RAVENEL, J LIA J DARDENNE, ANGELE (Pa . H WOLFE, KATHERINE osp . )

DETWILER, SARA mbe 2 1 1 1 Se te . C . p r , 9 7 EDEN, MARIE , MRS

L . L . ADAMS , ILLIAN M EDWARDS, ETA M

B . . IDA . BARTLETT, ELLA , MRS FRETZ, E

. H . H R (Pa osp ) ERSHBERGER, FLO ENCE

. . H . BELL, SARAH C M (Pa . osp )

A . . 10 . . NURSES OF BASE HOSPITAL NO , U S , TRANSFERRED DURING THE BIG EVACU

1 18 20 1 18 ATION APRIL 4, 9 TO APRIL , 9

NURSES TRANSFERRED To BECOME NURSING PERSONNEL OF

8 . . F . 1 1 18 MOBILE HOSPITAL No . , A E , OCTOBER , 9

C . . EDEN, MARIE , MRS KREAMER, ELIMINA

MCNICHOL, SUSAN ’ BENTON, MARY V. O BRIEN, ESTELLE W .

B . BLACK, SELENA POWELL, ELIZA ETH M

H . S. . CARTER, ELEN C PHILLIPS, JULIA , MRS

DETWILER, SARA C. SMITH, ADDIE

D . EDWAR S, KATHERINE TAIT, ELIZABETH M H OBBS, ELLEN J . TOMLINSON, ELLA B .

H . I OLMES, EMILY A WHITMAN, RENE

W LT MA TE K . I . O E NMAN, NELLIE C , CAROLINE KLE IB SCH E IDE L UTIE , ZERBE, MINA

To NO . 12 . . F. NURSES TRANSFERRED BASE HOSPITAL , B E , To 20 1 18 ROUEN, FRANCE , APRIL 4 APRIL 9

EVA In Cha e H GERHARD, ( rg ) ELLIS, ARRIET

A . H L . ALBRIGHT, C RRIE S GAGE, ELEN MRS H BAIRD, ANNIE SMITH, ELEN

BYER, MARY MILLER, ELSIE B . ’ CUSHEN, MARY O NEILL, ELIZABETH H IDA . DAVIS, ARRIET SWARTZ, M I ELLIOTT, BERTHA WHITMAN, RENE

ZIMMERMAN, ADA H 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE OSPITAL NO . 0 229

F . NURSES TRANSFERRED To BASE HOSPITAL No . 9, B . E . , 20 1 18 ROUEN, APRIL 4 To APRIL , 9

In IDA C . . . EDEN, MARIE , MRS ( FRETZ , M H M L Charge) OL ES , IZZIE

BELL, SARA C . KREAMER, ELIMINA

. C A . BENTON, MARY V M ELHENNEY, NNA M

G. L BLESSING, BERTHA MAST, UCILE

L . COLE, CLARA MCNICHOL, SUSAN

L . L . DETWILER , SARA MALCOLM , ETHEL

D L . WO LTE MA TE K . EDWAR S, ETA M , CAROLINE

A D To . . . F . NURSES TR NSFERRE BASE HOSPITAL No I , B E , AT To 20 1 18 ETRETAT, APRIL 4 APRIL , 9

. In Cbar e I . MACNEAL, JANE C ( g ) NMAN, NELLIE S

. L I . BURKEY, FLORENCE M LOYD, MOGENE D

E R . FIDL R , SA A A OBENCHAIN, EDNA M FUHR ANN, AMINA POWELL, ELIZABETH

H H H . ACKING, ELEN REPLOGLE, EFFIE

H L . OBBS, E LEN J SMITH, ADDIE

H . OPKINS, SARA S . TOMLINSON, ELLA D

WOLFE, KATHERINE NURSES WHO LEFT THE UN IT BY TRANS

FER , DEATH , OR RESIGNATION

H e t 18 1 18 . . FAIRCHILD, ELEN, d a h, January , 9 , at A M

e e 10 1 18 b e e t o Col . VOLTZ , ELIZABETH, r sign d, April , 9 , to marri d

DeLaney .

E t fe e . . . . 6 H t al CUSH N, MARY, rans rr d to A E F No Evacuation ospi ,

l 2 1 18. A . E . F . Ju y 9, 9

N . t fe e e H o. . F. WOLFE, KATHERINE, rans rr d to Bas ospital 3 4, A E ,

10 1 18. July , 9

NURSES T RANS FERRED AFTER THE ARMISTICE

- - To . 10 1 1 HOSPITAL CENTER BAZOILLES SUR MEUSE , JAN , 9 9

ALBRIGHT, CARRIE S . MAXWELL, JANE C .

D . . AN ERSON, SARAH E MOORE, EDITH M TT L H BEA Y, ORRAINE PLATT, AZEL E NN IE GAULT, J PRICE, KATHERINE

I . D . GROBEN, GERTRUDE RICHAR S, SOPHIA M

D . GROOM, MIL RED ROGERS, MARY J H ERSHBERGER, FLORENCE WALLACE, ZILLA

WHITESIDE, FLORENCE

. 8 . . . . 1 1 TO NO 7 CAMP HOSPITAL, A E F JAN 9, 9 9 B EV E LA NDE R . , GRACE, MRS MCCAFFERTY, ANNA H ARTMAN, STELLA POWELL, MARGARET

To . 10 . . F . . 1 1 1 1 BASE HOSPITAL No 3 , A E , AT DIJON, FRANCE , JAN , 9 9

L I . DUN OP, BEATRICE NMAN, NELLIE C

MEISTER, OLIVE M . SAFFORD, ELSIE M .

TO . . E . F . BASE SECTOR NO 4, A

H 6 1 1 DAVIS, ARRIET, January , 9 9

H . . H H . e u 1 1 e e . ACKING , ELEN , F br ary 5 , 9 9 to Bas S ctor 5 , A E F

23 0

2 2 1 3 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0

ENLISTED ME N

Master Hosp ital Sergeants Sergeants

M R HA H . . I K IL D MCCAHAN, WILLIAM C , ROL ’ REINHART, JAMES W . O DAY, JOHN B .

H s ital Se eant . o p rg PASKEY, ANTHONY J

LE E L D L I . , JOHN ROH AN , OU S O

Se eants 1st Class L L . rg , SCHI LINGER, JOHN

L H H . N . CORNEL , ORACE SESSIONS, BE JAMIN F

H . L GRAMBOW, ERBERT W SHERWOOD, EWIS

H W. . L . KENDALL, C ARLES , JR SIBLEY, FRANCIS

KRAFT, BAYARD R . STANGER , CHARLES S .

G . . MA ILL, JAMES P STIEF, DAVID R

E . R AGAN, PENROSE W STRAUB , RALPH

L . . REEVE, WIL IAM F WAGNER , CHARLES M

M L . SHAW, RALPH W . WILLIA S, PAU A

ORA . . SNAY, E WILKINS, WALTER C JR

H . C als STANTON, ARRISON C orpor

TT H . WILFONG, MILLARD N . BARTLE , JAMES

L . N WITWER, CHARLES BUR S, WILLIAM

Ser ea ts . g n CHEW, EARL O

O TTO . H . BAKER, E EENAN , EDWARD A

H . BOWERS, GEORGE B . OUSEMAN, CHARLES M

L . BOYLE, JOHN METZ , CONSTANTINE

H . BRANDON, ENRY MOORE, WILLARD B

. STIE R LE N H . CALLAHAN, ARTHUR F , ENRY E

. H . COOPER, JACK P THOMPSON, ARRY B

. L . CRESSE, CHARLES J TUCKER, FRANK

. C oks FERRY, CHARLES T o

FLEMING, GEORGE D . ANGEL, JAMES J .

H . . D . GLENN, THOMAS , JR BAL WIN, RUSSEL C

L . . GREENE, FRANK BARBER , PAUL M

H . AMMOND, JAY W . CAULFIELD, EDWARD J H OFFMAN, WILLIAM A . CLANET, PHILLIPPE

L. LE BO UTILLI E R H . D , ENRY W DESHIEL S , WILLIAM ,

L D . EECH, GOR ON JR

L . ENGLE K RA UT MC AUGHLIN, GEORGE J , GEORGE

H . FE R GUE S MACMILLAN, ERNEST , JOSEPH E S H 1 2 P NNSYLVANIA BA E OSPITAL NO . 0 3 3

P rivate 1st Class

G . FOSTER, EORGE T FILER, WILBER

NB . H . . KALLE ACH, PAUL E FINE, JOHN , JR

NOBLE , BAYARD FOREMAN, JACOB

LO . TT H L . SHEAIN, UIS V GARRE , ENRY

Wa bner H . g ARBOLT, SAMUEL N

. H MCDONOUGH, JOHN C ARTSHORNE, CHARLES Class P vates 1st H . ri , ASLETT , WILLIAM C

M . H N IE L AR STRONG, NELSON, JR ATHAWAY, NATHA ,

BACHE, FRANKLIN, JR . JR .

TT L . HA U SSLE R . BARRE , THOMAS , DANA O H BERG, TEDDY EDGES, JOHN

. HE U LINGS H . BISCHOFF, JOHN P , OWARD N H BLACK, ROBERT OFFMAN, FENNO

. H . BORIE, SEWELL W J . OGE, THOMAS R

H L . H . BRADLEY, IRAM ORN, WILLIAM A

H G . HO R ST ICK K . BROWN, AROLD , WALTER

H . . BROWN , ARRY V JABAUT, SEWARD W

BUCHANAN, WILLIAM C . JACKSON, WILLIAM

L LD L . D. . BU L, DONA JOHNSON, ALBERT , JR

. D L . CALLOWAY, WILLIAM B KEN ALL, OUIS D

CAMPBELL, CHARLES R . KIRKBRIDE, MYREN D . CHA ITT , WILLIAM KUHNS, JOHN

A . L . CHALK, FR NK T AYMAN, ANDREW J

H . . . CHAPMAN, SAMUEL , JR MACMILLAN, JOHN C TH CHESTON, JAMES 4 MACMURRAY, THOMAS

. CLARK, WILLIAM J . MARREN, JOHN A

. CROSSING , CECIL W . T . MILLER, JOHN A

K . CROWELL, FRANCIS J . MILLIGAN, JOHN

. DAUBENSPECK, AUTHUR B . MOORE, ROBERT W

H . DAUGHERTY, ARTHUR OBERHOLTZER, CHARLES ’ . E . D RITIS , FRANCIS J O BRIEN, PATRICK F

. DERR, GEORGE R . PONSFORD, WALTER W

. H P . 2D DILKES, ARRY , ROGERS, JOHN W

E LN E WITCH . . R , P ELLIS, GEORGE J JOSE H J

. I . S P , S FAL ON, FRANK J HI LEY MORRIS

S . . S , P FENNELLY, WALTER J HORTALL JO E H P 1 23 4 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0

P vates 1 st Class BE NE MI ri , , JOHN

. D H SMITH, WILLIAM B BU GE, ERBERT

STEPHENS, JOHN A . CONREY, JOHN T .

STODDART, JOSEPH T. DONOVAN, JOHN J .

L . DUSSEA U . STRAIN, JOSEPH , EDWARD E

TATE, JOHN P . FRYMYER, GUY

TILL, REX GOULD, CLARENCE D .

M . TIM , FRANK C GUNTHROP, WILLIAM P

TURLINGTON, JESSE E . JR .

N D . H . TUR ER, GIL ON E ARTNETT, FREDERICK W

VANVLIET, MORRIS E . JOHNSON, NATHAN A . M CLE E D . WACK, JOHN J . , JOHN B

H . WARD, RALPH THOMPSON, FRED H WRIGHT, ARTHUR P . THOMPSON, ROBERT JR .

P vates . ri TOOMEY, JOHN R

A LLWINE . R . , JOHN A TOWNSEND, WILLA D N VIZNE R ANDERSON, ANDREW B . , JOHN W.

. H . ANDERSON, RUSSELL O WILSON, WALTER

BEISWANGER, FREDERICK J . WINGLER, FRANK J .

2 6 N H 10 3 PE NSYLVANIA BASE OSPITAL NO .

MCNICHOL, SUSAN SMITH, ADDIE

MALCOLM , ETHEL SMITH, GERTRUDE H MARTIN, MRS . MARY M . SMITH, ELEN

L H . MAST, UCILE SMITH , MAY

METZ , BESSIE SMITH , S . ANNABEL

IDA . MILLER, ELSIE B . SWARTZ , M

. I MURPHY, ANNA D STAMBAUGH , SABELLE

D . OBENCHAIN, E NA TAIT, ELIZABETH M ’

H . O BRIEN, ESTELLE W . TOMLINSON, ELLA ’ O NEILL, ELIZABETH UPDYKE, ALYDA

. L . POTTER, EMMA E VORIS, SARA

POWELL, ELIZABETH WAGNER, FLORENCE E .

H . . RALSTON, ALICE WHITE, MABEL A L I RAMBO, ESLIE WHITMAN, RENE

. H RAVENEL, JULIA J WILLIAMS, AZEL WO LTE MA TE E K . R ADING, ROMANO , CAROLINE B REPLOGLE, EFFIE ZER E, MINA RO B E LE N , CAROLINE ZIMMERMAN, ADA

L . TT D et i ti a RODGERS , MARY BE MAN, FLORENCE ( i n) SH OR TSLE E V E S KR UMB H A A R H , MARY , MRS . ELEN D . SILV E R N E LL a m l G . C v li n E ee , ELIZABETH ( i i p oy ) MEMBERS OF ORIGINAL UNIT WHO DID NOT RETURN WITH TH E UNIT

BLE H LO C , . H I JAMES C AMILTON, RWIN

, HA Y . BROWN MARLYN , KENNETH B

G . H CARPENTER, JOSEPH ALLOWAY, JOHN W .

. H CARROLL , JOHN M URD, FRITZ D .

H . H L . C AMBERS , DAVID, JR JONES , ERBERT

. H . CLARKE, FRED GRIGG , AROLD M

O E R R O LD . C CHRAN, J S KNAPP, WILLIAM C .

. LE CLE R E . CRIDER , PAUL M Q , JACK C DA NNEH WE R O . L , WILLIAM F MAC ACHLAN, JAMES

DEJEAN, FRANK MCCORMICK, RUSSELL C .

N . H DIFFE DAL, JOSEPH B NICHOLS , ERNEST .

D H N Y X. OC E . , FRANK PANCOAST, CHARLES E

. F. . DOOLEY, DANIEL J PACK, JOHN , JR

DOWNS, STEPHEN W . POWELL, CHARLES F .

DR O UGH MA N . L . , MARK A PRICE, FERRIS

. L . DUNHAM, FRANK P RAMSEY, AWRENCE M

FOX . L , ELMER E SCHWARTZ , WILLIAM .

H L . H . GERHART, ENRY SHELDON, CHARLES H GREER, FRANCIS C . SILVERNAIL, CLARKE .

H . R D . GURLEY, RICHARD SULLIVAN, GE AL J

H . . AGENBUCK, JOSEPH S THOMAS , JOHN W

H G. WRIGHT, OWARD

23 7 SUPPLEMENTARY PERSONNEL WHO JOINED

1 THE UN IT SEPT . , 9 7, WHO DID NOT RETURN WITH THE UN IT

. GUY LE E B . . BOLLINGER, J , VALENTINE , JR

H . . CALVERT, RAYMOND MACKAY, JOHN R

CR O NNE . . , ERNEST E PRICE, E MELVILLE

DUMARAIS, MAURICE B . ROGERS, MATHEW J .

. R O CA P FARMER, FRED , REED

NURSES DETACHED FROM UNIT TO REMAIN

TH A . . F E E . J A N . 1 1 WITH , 9 9

ALBRIGHT, CARRIE S . MCCAFFERTY, MARGARET

D . AN ERSON, SARA MAXWELL, JANE C

BE VE LA NDE R . O , GRACE W MEISTER, LIVE

TT L . BEA Y, ARRAINE MOORE, EDITH M TT H DUNLOP, BEATRICE PLA , AZEL E NN IE GAULT, J POWELL, MARGARET

D I . GROBEN, GERTRU E PRICE, KATHRYN

GROOM , MILDRED RICHARDS , SOPHIE H ARTMAN, STELLA ROGERS, MARY J . H ERSHBERGER, FLORENCE SAFFORD, ELSIE M .

I . . NMAN, NELLIE C WALLACE, ZILLA M

WHITESIDE, FLORENCE

CIVILIAN EMPLOYES WHO REMAIN ED WITH

TH E A . E . F

H G. ARTER, RUTH FARRELL, KATHARINE

23 8

1 240 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0

apparatus taken with us was a microscope , Mackenzie polygraph , blood counting apparatus , and a water driven centrifuge supplied by Dr . Cruice . f On arrival at Le Treport , it was ound that the “ as 1 2 ft . laboratory w a small tin hut exactly square , presided over by one medical officer and an orderly f who had been a Turkish bath attendant be ore the war .

1 8 In his months service , however , he had been taught the various laboratory procedures , even including such complicated methods as the Dreyer test and the ident i

His ficat ion of dysentery and other organisms . work had been so thoroughly mastered that the pathologist found it necessary to spend only a few hours daily in the laboratory and was able to undertake a great f variety of other activities . The isolation division or contagious diseases at that time supplied much more

of few work than all the rest the hospital , where very routine laboratory tests were requested . Autopsies were rare and usually done by the oflicer in charge of the case . f f o o f . On account the dearth medical o ficers , Drs Cruice and Cloud were both assigned to the Medical

. Krumb haar of f Division , but Mrs , one the our civilian employees , and W . B . Smith , a second year medical student , were detailed to assist the pathologist . During the two weeks that elapsed before the departure of the

of ff a British pathologist, all three members the sta p plied themselves to acquiring the laboratory methods there in use , especially those developed by the British 1 2 1 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 0 4

of during the war . The Dreyer method diagnosing the typhoid group of organisms in the inoculated by a series of quantitative agglutination tests and the typing of f confi meningococci, required long practice be ore

was f : f dence elt in the results obtained in act , in the former case an investigation into the findings obtained in healthy inoculated enlisted men was undertaken partly t o acquire greater familiarity and accuracy with $ . f our our s this method Shortly a ter arrival , reque t that the laboratory be enlarged was granted by the

so our British authorities , that within three months space was more than doubled by the addition of a

1 2 ft . s uare for second room . q the orderlies , with an

f A S adjoining shed or storage and sterilizing purposes .

our ff by this time sta had been increased to five , the

was f enlargement a welcome relie , especially in segrega ting t he noise of the autoclave and the conversation of the British and American orderlies . According to the

ffi - new plan , the medical o cer and the technician secre tary occupied the original room where all the micro sc0 ic was p diagnostic work , histology and recording ’ performed . In the new orderlies room specimens were collected, media prepared, gross pathological examina tions made , museum specimens prepared by Smith and

Jabaut , and miscellaneous chemical work done by old Sergeant LeBout illier. The new building, like the , was made of galvanized iron lined with one layer of

$ D In ect ous seases . This was later published in t he J ournal of f i i 10 2 2 E L B H 1 4 P NNSY VANIA ASE OSPITAL NO . 0

wood with many windows . The lighting was good , but f wind , rain and dirt came plenti ully through the cracks

of to the detriment apparatus , records and bacterio logical sterility . Frozen pipes were not uncommon , but the very efficient stoves kept the upper half of the build ing sufficiently warm during the daytime .

of f an With the arrival reen orcements in August ,

f . other medical o ficer , Lieut Cunningham , and another

Bout illier orderly, Le , were detailed to assist the original staff of three . This increase also allowed the labora tory staff occasionally to help the other divisions in

’ time of great military activity . On Cunningham s de

few . . . parture a weeks later , to No 3 Gen Hosp , his

w as . f place taken by Dr Cloud , who soon amiliarized himself with the many details of laboratory technique and for almost a year gave invaluable assistance in all branches of the laboratory work . When his services

on were again needed the Medical Division , he was h . w o replaced by Dr Nolan , continued with us until f . the Mobile Unit was ormed in October ( By this time the orderlies under Sergeant Le Bout illier (Jab aut hav f ing replaced W . B . Smith shortly be ore) had acquired such familiarity with details that another officer was not considered necessary , and a third orderly , Stevens , w as detailed to the laboratory for the rest of our stay . I n the Spring of 19 18 our customary routine was interrupted by the successful German offensive against f Amiens . Following orders to be prepared or immediate

10 244 PENNSYLVANIA BAS E HOSPITAL NO .

us through the kindness of Prof. Arthur Keith . In f times o stress , the material was always more abundant than could properly be handled ; but its more leisurely

of preparation during periods inactivity , together with f the pursuit o various special investigations , permitted steadier work than was possible in other divisions of the hospital .

of 20 Or 0 A small working library , consisting some 3 ’ text books (with an equal number in the officers mess) accumu and various medical journals , was gradually

h Medical J ournal . Lancet B ritis lated The , the , the Medical Supplement and various war manuals were supplied by the British Medical Service ; the J ournal of the A merican Medical A ssociation by Drs . Norris and Knowles ; the J ournal of E xperimental Medicine and the

K m h r J ournal of Medical R esearch by Dr . ru b aa ; War Medicine by the Red Cross ; and numerous other jour nals at irregular intervals by the A . E . F . These were not infrequently consulted by Medical Officers from the other hospitals as well as by our own Med i ical Off cers . Standing between the messes and the f wards , the laboratory and its surrounding lawn o fered n for al a good meeting grou d discussion , and though this was not always limited to professional

of topics , it was considerable use as a clearing house for Opinions . The relative advantages of the Carrel

-T of exci Dakin method and Dichloramin , the value sion of wounds and primary sut ureft he best anti- menin 10 2 PENNSYLVANIA BASE HOSPITAL NO . 45

ococcus h w S g serum , o land hockey hould be played these are some of the topics that come to mind after two years . A visit to the wards was the happy and not infrequent result of such discussions . During slack times special duties were made on the organisms of gas

on of on gangrene , the bacterial flora wounds , and

for laboratory control the publications of Drs . Sweet

n a -T and Hodge o Dichlor min . Other studies resulted in the following publications from the laboratory : “ Pyogenic Diplococcus occurring in Skin Infections ” ’ Militar Sur eon 18 2 ( y g , , 4 , Repeated Agglutina tion Tests by Dreyer Method in Diagnosis of Enteric ”

J ou . I . n ecDis . 18 O in Inoculated Persons ( r f , 3 , “ ” e t i emi n S c a a d (J . A . Meningococcic p l Endocarditis ’ “

. 18 1 of . A M , , 7 , Month Influenza at Base

‘ ’ “

in France Med. R ec. 1 Hospital ( 9, 95 , Blood and Bone Marrow in Gas Poisoning ; Peripheral Blood ” ’ “

M. A . 1 2 I id. : J . A b Changes ( , 9, 7 , Bone ’

M d. R ar h 1 J our. e ese c 0 Marrow Changes ( , 9, 4 , The laboratory equipment left by our predecessors supplemented by that which we brought with us and

ffi occasional purchases in London and Paris, proved su cient t o pursue all routine and research work attempted .

Glassware , media and other necessities were always sup plied on requisition from t he B . E . F . Base Medical f “ Depots , and great benefit was derived rom the stand ”

. S ard cultures and sera , and pecial media supplied

. C . directly from the R . A . M , the Lister Institute and 246 PENNSYLVANIA BAS E HOSPITAL

f f - Ox ord Department o Pathology . The ever ready advice and the frequent Visits of the Advisers in Path ology , Sir William Leishman and Col . Cummings , were much appreciated .

AN INDEX OF THE UNIT OR WHO’ S WHO IN THE OFFICERS ’ MESS

Nov ember 19 18

A t a for t e a e s nds Ar hur, young G rh rd by nam ’ e e t oo e for t he f e Whos h art is larg Unit s good am , ’ If he e e e e had his way, v ry Tommy Who s h r ,

o ere t he end of t he e . To Blighty would g , y ar

B st a for Bill e e e t nds , Uncl Bill b ing m an , 1 Who holds down Ward 2 with terrific intent . ’ Tea is e e l b e s rv d at all hours ; drop in, you l glad ’ You ll fi d e e Gad $ n in addition good grub th r , by

C a for e e st nds Chamb rs, our good R gistrar, ’ he e e fe t e t ar. Who to what don t lik , appli s a h rs and e f o e e ee ce t e Whos so t, so thing mann r, whos sw t, dul t on ,

And whose picturesque language cannot b e out shone.

— ’ C a for Cad ef of e st nds Bill , who s Chi our M ss

e o l we of e . Whom , wh n things g bad y, all us bl ss ’ “ ” “ He ll change diagnoses from shell shock to sick

s t e e e c. While Chambers ju t spu t rs, his tongu g ts so thi k

’ D st a for far e nds Dillard, who s known and n ar

e e e For his fine mann rs , t nnis and his ways with a d ar ; e e e ee But please to r m mb r, tho it may s m hard, ’ a he as la d. That at good L dy Murray s , known Dil r 249 2 0 E L I B E H I N 1 5 P NNSY VAN A AS OSP TAL O . 0

E for e t he e t he b ean stands Eddi , slipp ry, ,

The e of of . prid our Unit, whom all us know ’ ’ He s for t he e he s e e a sight Gods wh n dr ss d up to kill, “

e he e e e e . Wh n go s out to danc , or to din Uncl Bill

’ F for e al he s e stands Flick, g ni Johnny call d , He e e he e ot S e mad a gr at hit, tho n arly g tall d ’

e ee C e e. Down at Numb r Thr n ral, by working so lat n That was one thing they did ot appreciate.

G t for e e s ands Gibbon, our gr at racont ur ’ Who can tell you more stories than ever I d dare ’ e e xe e e e To r p at in mi d company, sp cially h r “ ” ’ When a double entendre s not allowed too appear .

H for H e we e ere stands art , whom know and r v , ’

e La we ow e e e e e e. To whos bor it, that w r ov r h r “ ” e es u for t he e Not back in th Stat , tuning p danc

I e of at e r e. nst ad Tr po t in warm , sunny Franc

I for I e e one stands nnoc nc , no could doubt e one of e out For a mom nt which our M ss to pick , t he e e e e e To fill all r quisit s, h r by impli d

L e fl we e e. ik a ash, would all on Bill Drayton d cid

for effe e e J stands J rys , our Padr , so d ar, ’ I don t have to ask you to give him a cheer ’ For he carries it With him Where er he doth go “ ” h “ ” f AS t he Boys and t e Sisters and all o us know .

for of e Also J stands Jack, Chivalrous r nown , r Who takes up t he gauntlet e e it is thrown down . ’ l e e e e b old Who don t ik r marks mad by bach lors ,

But t he rest of this story had best not be told .

252 B H PENNSYLVANIA ASE OSPITAL NO.

— P t for of f l s ands Packard man tasks mani o d, As ef he e A and D Chi , a r cord doth hold . He e e et ccut s l giv s an sth i s, tonsi s away. ’ 13 hist r for e f And writing a y som uture day .

— ’ 0 s for e e e e t he f l tands Quitt rs w v non in o d,

e t far ee t o . At l ast his opinion thus , s ms hold The we are e e e t he hen chicks told should r s mbl , ’ e ca m And th y don t grow that kind ba k t ho e at old Penn .

R t s for e of rse s and Rou , cou you all know ” e Who Of that terribl Sport his wild oats does sow. — ’ I hear that at Abbeville tis whispered aloud he se He e e— t fe They say rai d ll th r hat young llow Cloud .

R a for e e too st nds Rob rts, whos long curly hair ’

Was e we e t he . . e . onc as not d, C O s d spair H s I t e e had it cut hort, and truly may sta - t he so he e t e . That by doing, gr atly los w ight

S for ee we all e see stands Sw t, whom lik to ,

- Making rainbows and halos with Chloramine T. ’ He s been made a Major by those who know best A S a fitt ing reward for or was it a j est$

Ts s for of e t e e t e tand Taylor, corr c tiqu t “ ”

e of f e e t he b et . Who, on qu stions Uni orms s ttl s ’ He has ordered his spurs and will wear them you ll see — — When he clanks down t he ward after dressings for t ea.

for l t e e Eamshaw we l U stands Upho s r r, hai Who spends half his t ime wit h a hammer and nail ; he e u for e t o And when g ts hard p som thing do,

Will sit up all night and drive pegs in a Shoe . V sta s for ux: Ha o e l d nd Va nds m a , and a dear, His a e t al l lov e b ut e l I p ti n s him, r a ly fear he cont agIon is ea e T spr ding, to oth rs nearby, SInce “ ” ’ he e t off lea e w n on v , No . 4 s one great sigh .

W for l e Wi m r, who holds many jobs down . ’ “ ” “ ” ’ I he s ef n a ward a Chi , in a Show he s a clown. H e runs round t he camp with t he speed of a bomb has ell e ed t he — And w arn sobriquet Peeping Tom .

X t for x t and I s ands E i , Kidwell hear “ ” I o eat s g ing to b it, with never a tear . ’ Dis msed u ace he g In a mo st h , s going away e s t e e f P rhap wi h som oth r air damsel to play .

Y is a symbol which represents here e t a e of not e C r in on s our Unit who do app ar, f e es it f le so So gi t d with vic , w h oib s small ’

we a e t as et lass fi e e all . That h v n y , c i d th m at

Z st ands for t he end Of this silly tirade And bespeaks your indulgence for what has been saId l e t he t e eat his s Whi au hor r tr s and draws in horn ,

And freely begs pardon for t reading on ca m .

l a e has run out e e e t o t ell My A ph b t, it , tho th r is mor “ ” e t he n t ese e ell . And oth rs in U i who d rv a roasting, w as se she e e off e a st e Al my Mu , w nt on strik and ran lik r ak ’ When of t he Sisters Mess it was suggested she should speak .