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Contents PREFACE The Gazetteer Department SATARA DISTRICT GAZETTEER Gazetteers of the Bombay Presidency (Facsimile Reproduction) SATARA DISTRICT VOLUME XIX Originally Printed in 1985 Reprinted in 1989 e-BOOK EDITION : 2006 Published By The Exective Editor and Secretary Gazetteer Department, Govt. of Maharashtra, Bombay Contents PREFACE I am happy to bring out this Facsimile Reproduction of the Satara District Gazetteer,which was first published in 1885 by the British Government in the series of Gazetteersof theBombay Presidency. The Volume was edited by Mr. James M. Campbell, I.C.S.This Gazetteer compiled 104 years ago has now become scarce and has gone out ofprint. The second revised edition of the Satara District Gazetteer was published by thisdepartment in 1963. However, the utility of the Gazetteer in the old Series is stillundiminished because it contains authentic and very useful information on severalaspects of life, and has the impress of profound scholarship and learning. It has not lostits utility due to the mere passage of time. It was, therefore, felt necessary to preservethis treasure of information for posterity. There is also a good demand from scholarsthat all the Old Gazetteers should be reprinted even though a better and muchinformative revised edition is available. With these considerations in view, it was thoughtthat the Gazetteer Volumes in the Old Series should be reprinted. I am sure, scholarsand studious persons will find it very useful. It may be pertinent to state that a totally rewritten Marathi edition of the SataraDistrict Gazetteer is being brought out by us. I am thankful to the Director, Government Printing and Stationery, Shri B. B.Bracken and the Manager, Government Photozinco Press, Pune, Shri P. L. Purkar andother staff in the Press for expeditiously completing the work of reprinting. BOMBAY K. K. CHAUDHARI 14th April, 1989. Executive Editor andSecretary. Contents Prologue I am very glad to bring out the e-Book Edition (CD version) of the Satara District Gazetteer. This CD version is a part of a scheme of preparing compact discs or earlier published District Gazetteers. The Satara District Gazetteer was first published in 1884 by the British Government in the series of Gazetteers of the Bombay Presidency. The volume was edited by Mr.James M, Campbell. I.C.S. It contains authentic and useful information on several aspects of the district and is considered to be of great value to administrators, scholars and general readers. The revised edition of it was compiled and published in 1963. But the old gazetteer published during the British regime contained much valuable information, which was not reproduced in the revised edition. Therefore, the department decided to reprint this volume. Accordingly Satara District Gazetteer (1885) was reprinted in 1989. Considering its utility, need was felt to preserve this treasure of knowledge. In this age of modernization, information and technology have become key words. To keep pace with the changing need of hour, I have decided to bring Satara CD. version of this edition. It is also made available on the website of the State Gobernment www.maharashtra.gov.in. I am sure, scholars and studious persons across the world will find this CD immensely beneficial. A totally rewritten Marathi edition of the Satara District Gazetteer was published by us 1999. I am thankful to the Honourable Minister, Shri. Ashokrao Chavan (Industries and Mines, Cultural Affairs and Protocol), and the Minister of State, Shri. Rana Jagjitsinh Patil (Agriculture, Industries and Cultural Affairs), Shri. Bhushan Gagrani (Secretary. Cultural Affairs), Government of Maharashtra for being a constant source of inspiration. Place: Mumbai DR. ARUNCHANDRA S. PATHAK Date :26th January, 2007 Executive Editor and Secretary Contents Preface I am happy to bring out this Facsimile Reproduction of the Satara District Gazetteer,which was first published in 1885 by the British Government in the series of Gazetteersof the Bombay Presidency. The Volume was edited by Mr. James M. Campbell, I.C.S.This Gazetteer compiled 104 years ago has now become scarce and has gone out ofprint. The second revised edition of the Satara District Gazetteer was published by thisdepartment in 1963. However, the utility of the Gazetteer in the old Series is stillundiminished because it contains authentic and very useful information on severalaspects of life, and has the impress of profound scholarship and learning. It has not lostits utility due to the mere passage of time. It was, therefore, felt necessary to preservethis treasure of information for posterity. There is also a good demand from scholarsthat all the Old Gazetteers should be reprinted even though a better and muchinformative revised edition is available. With these considerations in view, it was thoughtthat the Gazetteer Volumes in the Old Series should be reprinted. I am sure, scholarsand studious persons will find it very useful. It may be pertinent to state that a totally rewritten Marathi edition of the SataraDistrict Gazetteer is being brought out by us. I am thankful to the Director, Government Printing and Stationery, Shri B. B.Bracken and the Manager, Government Photozinco Press, Pune, Shri P. L. Purkar andother staff in the Press for expeditiously completing the work of reprinting. BOMBAY K. K. CHAUDHARI 14th April, 1989. Executive Editor andSecretary. Contents Original Preface THE names of contributors are given in the body of the book. Special acknowledgments are due to Mr. J. W. P. Muir-Mackenzie, C.S. whose valuable contributions form the bulk of the Volume. Much help was also received from Messrs. J. King, C. S. Collectors, H. R. Cooke, C.S., Surgeon-Major W. McConaghy, and the Deputy Collectors Rav Bahadur Balaji Gangadhar Sathe and Mr. E. T. Richardson. October 1884. JAMES M. CAMPBELL. Contents Contents PREFACE .................................................................................................................................................. 2 Prologue .............................................................................................................................................. 3 Preface ................................................................................................................................................ 4 Original Preface ................................................................................................................................... 5 MAP ......................................................................................................................................................... 7 HISTORY .................................................................................................................................................. 8 Early Hindus ........................................................................................................................................ 8 Musalmans. ......................................................................................................................................... 8 Bahmanis, 1347-1489 ................................................................................................................... 10 Adil Shahis, 1489-1686. ................................................................................................................. 12 Moghal 1686-1720. ....................................................................................................................... 27 MARATHAS ........................................................................................................................................ 40 MARATHAS, 1720-1848. ............................................................................................................... 40 THE BRITISH ....................................................................................................................................... 82 THE BRITISH, 1848-1884. .............................................................................................................. 82 Contents MAP Contents HISTORY Early Hindus B.C.200-A.D.1294. THREE inscriptions of about 200 B.C, recording gifts of pillars by Karad pilgrims at the Bharhut Stupa near Jabalpur in the Central Provinces, show that Karad or as the inscriptions call it Karahakada about fifteen miles south-east of Satara, is probably the oldest place in the Satara district. [Cunningham's Stupa of Bharhut, 135, 136, 139. Karad gives its name to the Karhada Brahmans still largely found in the Satara district.]That the place named is the Satara Karad is confirmed by a group of sixty-three early Buddhist caves about three miles south-west of Karad one of which has an inscription of about the first century after Christ. [Fergusson and Burgess' Cave Temples, 211-217; Archaeological Surrey of Western India, IV. 60.] Caves also at Shirval in the extreme north-west of the district and at the holy town of Wai in Javli show that they were old Buddhist settlements. [Besides the Buddhist caves at Karhad and Wai, there are groups of caves and cells Buddhist or Brahmanical at Bhosa in Tasgaon, at Malavdi and Kundal in Khanapur, at Patan in Patan, and at Pateshvar in Satara. Dr. Burgess' Antiquarian Lists, 58-59, Wai is locally believed to be Viratnagari the scene of the thirteenth year exile of the Pandavs. Lady Falkland's Chow Chow, I.191 -192.] From very early times trade routes must have passed by the Varandha and Kumbharli passes to the Konkan seaports of Mahad Dabhol and Chiplun. Much holiness attaches
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