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APPENDIX (I) A. SHORT NOTE ON THE PHOTOGRAPHS INSERTED IN THE Boox. No. 1. Shivaji's Seals and Coins: is a plain design including two seals, one gold coin and seven copper pieces ascribed to Shivaji., No.1 Is the principal seal used long before his corona• cion, from his very childhood and continued even after that Kignificant ceremony. The inscription, thus, is devoid of any royal insignia. Dignified in its plain majesty, the couplet, freely' rendered, reads-'This seal of Shiva, the son of Shiha. waxing ( daily ) like the crescent of the moon and adored by the universe, 11hines with benevolent splendour'. No.2 Is the closing seal and reads 'here', the limit.' No.3 Represents the obverse and reverse of a gold 'Mohur' of Shiv~ji, and bears the usual legend 'Shri RajJ. Shiva' on one aide and 'Chhatrapati' on the other. N 01. ' to 8 are the usual copper pieces called 'Shivarli.' with similar legends imprinted. No.5 bears the whole legend in full. Others carry it only partially, Nos • .& and 8 showing op.ly one letter e&ch. No. ' including nothing of regal significance ie considered to h&ve been struck before the Coronation. Nos. 9 & 10 &;e tokens of lighter weight and were known w a Ruka and Dam respectively. No. :a A Page from the Factory Record.-Thi• is inserted to ,i.,e ihe readers some idea of the nature of the or1ine.l mit.teri&l r 353 Appendix from which the extracts are made. Caref'qlly studied, the photo. graph affords a considerable knowledge of the spelling, caligraphy and similar other things in which a student ls interested. No. 3 Ray Gad. This is the only photograph so far available of the majesty that is Ray Gad. It represents only the northern front of the impregnable fortress,the top exetnding over a considar­ a.ble plateau, ''behind it. It gives some idea of the great fort, upon which so much praise ·bas been bestowed by all the visitors without exception. N~· 4 The Memorial Chhatri of Shivajt.T~is is again a pl&in memorial raised to the rev:erad memory of the great national here. A. beautiful superstructure ha3 only lately been raised over this plinth. Shivaji passed away on Ray Gad. ~p~~ (II) 1\ note on the English Reeords on ShlvaJi, ... THE METHOD ADOPTED IN MAKING .TBE EX:T~ACTS. This is what Miss. L. M. Anstey, hss to say about what aho ea.l111, the Shivaji Collection :-- · The extracts forming this collectipn have been COIIied from the Mss. in the India. Office verbatim, excepting that (1) Contractions have been written out in lull. (2) Unnecessary capital letters have been disreg&rded. (3) Punctuation 'marks have been added. where absolutely necessary for the sense or disregarded in the originals where they serve to confuse the text. - No other alterations have been made and the spelling, how­ ever inconsistent, together with •• then " for " than " etc. has been retained. · The section copied from Orme Mss. Vol. lU was that selected for the foundation of the series· and was the first to be copie'd, This volume was compiled by Orme from extracts taken fiorn Factory Records, Bombay, regarding Shivaji, the Sidi. etc. The Bombay Records were subsequently examined and any notable omissions supplied from the originals. The Contents· of Vol. lU. given in Mr. Hill's Catalogue are- PP~ 1-369. Bombay Letters to Factories· from Nov. %4th 1671 to De<>. 18th 1678. Copied extracts from official letters. pp. 3'11-18Q. Appendix to the same, oonl!listing of a letter dated 9th May 1674. to the "Siddee Sambole,'" thAI Mughal"s Admiral, regarding his" wish to "win· ter in the Island of Bombar, and ( pp. 377-38g) a letter dated Bombay, 11th May 1674., to Mr. Henry Oxenden giving him instructions u te the treaty to be made with " Sevaji" TO' the best of my belief_ every reference both in J.l'aotofT Reoorda, Original Correspondence (and the Orme Mas.) baa bettft ntneted regarding Shivaji. Sd. L. M • .A.NBTitT (.!.» l>r. Sen'• remarks may also be subjoined here:- " The Factory ~cords are usually written in very good hand •nd are in fairly good state of preserntion; but it does not appear that the scribes of those days were very particular about their 1pelling of English words and transliteration of Indian place and personal names. Thus you will often find the same English words differently speh in different places, and the name of Shivaji trans· merated in half a. dozen different ways; at one place, it is writteu M • Savage. • Then certain common forms of abbreviation were frequently used e. g. woh for which, y• for this, y• for that, wt for what, lnoa for in circa, Gove! for Governor or as it was then written Gouvernor, and so on." •• ............ It is necessary to add a few words about the method ue~ually adopted while referring to the Factory Records. Tb~ ... date-will supply a surer means of locating the extracts than the page or folio number, as each copyist seems to have numbered his own pages according to his own convenience. To avoid confusion the number of the particular part of a volume is sometimes given. But it should be noted that in the original volumes, the different pane have not been !'eparately· numbered." GENERAL INDEX. Both volumes are index:ed together. The Roman figures indicate th~ \'ol ume, the Arabic the ~erial number of extracts. .References under partie· ular headings are am~uged serially instead of &lphabetica.lly. Tlle chrpno· lugiu1l order adopted in the primary arrangement would thus naturall.r .W.velop a chronological sequence in the Index. Ordinary Brackets enclose · the original ~pelting in the text where neces~ry. Rectangulv ~r.ackt-:t.e :n.,. conveniently used to offer explanationa. A Alexnader the Great, Sb. ~OIDpt.~, Il-272.. .Ah•ji Pandit, 1-486. Alherin (?), I-!.170 . A bigAH, ll-.539. Ali Adilshab (Eddul Shaw), ll-!lHl. Abdul Karim ~Raj. Gov.U-6,10,11,21. Ali Ro.ja (Billiapatam] l.[...l84,a~a. Abduli.Akhan Kalyan Gov.] 1-147. Ali, Sect of-II-631 (p. 324). Abdul Razak Carwar Gov.] I-!70. Ali Vorah, II-354. Abu Khan [A boe K] Rustum Jemah, Alley, Charles--eee Ch.arlea All~:r. .llt C.arwar 1-461 ;: recalled ll-39 ; Amarting, II-638. ~tuooora Punda II-82, II-89. Ananda Rao (Amand Roy), •11c~lf14a. Acbeen (At.cheen), 1-181,423, Prataprao, l....(51 (p. 3l11) Achra 11-009 . Ancola (.Anchola, B.ancota, OnclelaL) .A.ckal&nayak (nagnes) wood II-23<1. -GI}•. I-90; c&~Jtle l-3U,a44,36&), .~dall the Modi 1-451. · 461; -takt-o by Sh. 11...88,89,34, Adaw Olearius (quoted), II-536. 11-!,444. Adaw.ll, Jamee-see James .Adams. Andrews; Mathews-see Mathew ...\11· :\dams, Richard-see Richard Adams. drews. · · Adam&, B.·see S. Adams, Capt. Aniscoro.h, I-11. ,,ddt>rton St;ephen, see Stephen Annaji Pandit (...gy,-gee, Ai.wgf*) Adderton. I-357 ,474,476 (p • .arm ; r.eferen~ Ad~>n, I-170,174; 11-327. J.lt1.81im in II ;-presept at makiJJg Adil Shah (Edell Shaw), 1-142,399, Articles II-37, -indifferent ''Q ·&73,481,484, also under Bijapur., Engl. Il-60,-favourite with Sh, Auoni (Addone) Il-292. ll-60,--goea io Punda li-60 (p. .'-drian Rootht.~s, 1-19. 33) ;-absent at reoeption li-6p; Ad••ance, l-291. -not friendly to Engl. II-81 {pp. AJviat. ll-384. · 42,44); -ought ~ be humourt~d Affril:4n, 1-75,86. II· 86 ;-in vbarge of Pn.nda 11-~. Afpm Party [Bija.] II-2ZO. -proposals of peace {Hendry ALai r.:han (Abdl~ ckaune)-st.abb. Kendr;) II-476,-Marcb to Junnar .,d 1-1 (p. ~)-killed 1~7--asat.lliji• li-122;-r~>presenta Sh. 11-2-13,- · u:t.t"d ll-6:!3 (p. 332).-jounks 11f hebeaded II-508,-t Rajarur U- l-:1 (pp. 6-7). 265-in Chains ll-611,- at J'an· Aga llaood (Oowd), 1-234. hala, II-2a5.-propoaea aw~uwr A6·ra, 1-26,79,188,217,201,414 i. to Bombay. II-.W3. lJ...-6::!,5:J8,Ml. AIIRII, ll-439,5!9. Agu.ada (Goa), I-139. Aoquentit de Perron (re.fer.) 11.··~3 Ahmadibid (Amdavlld etc.) (p. 833). I-7.8,B5,1ll6,263,331; Antiji .Pandit (Antu~>)-Sh. enToy ll-63,254,460,533,536. at Surat 1·!28,--Go•. of :ij;u}:!li Ahmadnagar, (Amdo.newgar, Hame­ II-296. danagar),--sh. Plundt-rs I-lll, Anthony: Smitb,-releaeed J.or ran• 11-!IJ:::J (p. !l:Jl). some l-78· (p. 66)-Sh. pri110ne.t .,lbuquerque [<.Jva] 11-5:14 (I?· ~~4). 1-79 ( p. 76 ), 1-.83,-:Chan.~:tar, :\lal.m~. t:'-'nt:iiis 1 l··i7~. 1-110. [ i General Index Antonio de Mello de Castro, Goa Austin Samuel-see Samuel Au~tin. Gov: I-162. .Austin Edward·-see Edwa1·d Auqt.in . .~raba, I-329. 4!5;--II-273, 347,363; Auxiliary forces in Bombay 1-UO. -tieet l-155, II-442-448 paBBim; Azizkhan, JOisoned by Rh. I-90. -and the Portugues 1-155, 159 : -plunder Port. Countr:y I-4.4.2,443; B 445;-negotiate Mogal alhance I-443; -Engl. assure friendship I-443. Babba Saheb, left at Tri\•ady 1 II-2::14 Arakan town., II-536 {p. 344). Bagdad (-t) l-81. Armada-see fieet. Bahador Kh11n (Bedar, Bhadar, Bhe­ Af'menians (traders at Surat). I-73, dar Bader, Badder, Badur, Baude1') 79, 237.
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    1 1 MAHARASHTRA ON – THE EVE OF BRITISH CONQUEST UNIT STRUCTURE 1.0 Objectives 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Political conditions before the British conquest 1.3 Economic Conditions in Maharashtra before the British Conquest. 1.4 Social Conditions before the British Conquest. 1.5 Summary 1.6 Questions 1.0 OBJECTIVES : 1 To understand Political conditions before the British Conquest. 2 To know armed resistance to the British occupation. 3 To evaluate Economic conditions before British Conquest. 4 To analyse Social conditions before the British Conquest. 5 To examine Cultural conditions before the British Conquest. 1.1 INTRODUCTION : With the discovery of the Sea-routes in the 15th Century the Europeans discovered Sea route to reach the east. The Portuguese, Dutch, French and the English came to India to promote trade and commerce. The English who established the East-India Co. in 1600, gradually consolidated their hold in different parts of India. They had very capable men like Sir. Thomas Roe, Colonel Close, General Smith, Elphinstone, Grant Duff etc . The English shrewdly exploited the disunity among the Indian rulers. They were very diplomatic in their approach. Due to their far sighted policies, the English were able to expand and consolidate their rule in Maharashtra. 2 The Company’s government had trapped most of the Maratha rulers in Subsidiary Alliances and fought three important wars with Marathas over a period of 43 years (1775 -1818). 1.2 POLITICAL CONDITIONS BEFORE THE BRITISH CONQUEST : The Company’s Directors sent Lord Wellesley as the Governor- General of the Company’s territories in India, in 1798.
  • Shivaji the Founder of Maratha Swaraj

    Shivaji the Founder of Maratha Swaraj

    26 B. I. S. M. Puraskrita Grantha Mali, No. SHIVAJI THE FOUNDER OF MARATHA SWARAJ BY C. V. VAIDYA, M. A., LL. B. Fellow, University of Bombay, Vice-Ctianct-llor, Tilak University; t Bharat-Itihasa-Shamshndhak Mandal, Poona* POON)k 1931 PRICE B8. 3 : B. Printed by S. R. Sardesai, B. A. LL. f at the Navin ' * Samarth Vidyalaya's Samarth Bharat Press, Sadoshiv Peth, Poona 2. BY THE SAME AUTHOR : Price Rs* as. Mahabharat : A Criticism 2 8 Riddle of the Ramayana ( In Press ) 2 Epic India ,, 30 BOMBAY BOOK DEPOT, BOMBAY History of Mediaeval Hindu India Vol. I. Harsha and Later Kings 6 8 Vol. II. Early History of Rajputs 6 8 Vol. 111. Downfall of Hindu India 7 8 D. B. TARAPOREWALLA & SONS History of Sanskrit Literature Vedic Period ... ... 10 ARYABHUSHAN PRESS, POONA, AND BOOK-SELLERS IN BOMBAY Published by : C. V. Vaidya, at 314. Sadashiv Peth. POONA CITY. INSCRIBED WITH PERMISSION TO SHRI. BHAWANRAO SHINIVASRAO ALIAS BALASAHEB PANT PRATINIDHI,B.A., Chief of Aundh In respectful appreciation of his deep study of Maratha history and his ardent admiration of Shivaji Maharaj, THE FOUNDER OF MARATHA SWARAJ PREFACE The records in Maharashtra and other places bearing on Shivaji's life are still being searched out and collected in the Shiva-Charitra-Karyalaya founded by the Bharata- Itihasa-Samshodhak Mandal of Poona and important papers bearing on Shivaji's doings are being discovered from day to day. It is, therefore, not yet time, according to many, to write an authentic lifetof this great hero of Maha- rashtra and 1 hesitated for some time to undertake this work suggested to me by Shrimant Balasaheb Pant Prati- nidhi, Chief of Aundh.
  • FORTS of INDIA Anurit Vema

    FORTS of INDIA Anurit Vema

    FORTS OF INDIA Anurit Vema *'9^7” \ < > k M' . J . i <• : » I : *='>- >.% ' nvjl •I' 4 V FORTS OF INDIA ■ \ f 0i''. ■ V'; ’ V, , ’' I* ;■'; -r^/A ci''> Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2018 with funding from Public.Resource.org https ;//archive.org/details/fortsofindiaOOverm JAMkJ AND KASHMIR FORTS OF INDIA HARIPARBAT "■^Arot kangraW ( HIMACHAL\ ( .' V.PRADESH\ r PUNJAB S', i /kalibangM ■'HARYANA > ARUNACHAL PRADESH ®BIKANER \ A/ D. AMBEr'f-X UTTAR PRADESH^-'... ® RAJASTHAN ® X BHUTAN "'^JAISALMER BHARATPUR’^A--^,@i®/lGPA JODHPUR /^^f^ji^^i^gff^j^^®^ BWALIOR J ALLAHABAD ROHTASGARH MEGHALAYA 'KUMBHALGARH % (\ \ ®\ .0 n.1 , ^•‘-fCHUHAR BANGLADESH TRIPURA f AHtAADABAD ■> WEST C !■ r'^' BENGALI, ® .^XHAMPANIR MADHYA PRADESH FORT WILLIAM A RAT /rOABHOlV ®MANDU BURMA DAULATABAD MAHARASHTRA ^AHMEDNABAR SHJVNER ARABIAN SEA mSINHGARH l\i,' WARANGAL 1, bay of BENGAL RAIGARH . /“ < GULBARGA GOLKUNOA PANHALA BIJAPUR JANDHRA PRADESH VUAYANAGAR iKARNATAKA| '^RJRANGAPATAM m GINGEEi LAKSHADWEEP (INDIA) SRI \ INDIAN OCEAN LANKA 6aMd upon Survey ol India outline map printed in 1980 The territorial waters of India extend into the sea to a distance of twelve nautical miles measured from the appropriate base line. ) Government of India copyrliht. The twundary of Meghalaya shown on this map is as interpreted from the Nonh-Eestern Areas (Reorgamaaiion) Act, 1971. but has yet to be venlied 49 FORTS OF INDIA AMRIT VERMA PUBLICATIONS DIVISION MINISTRY OF INFORMATION AND BROADCASTING GOVERNMENT OF INDIA May 1985 {Jyaistha 1907) ® Publications Division Price