Saddam Hussein Collection Summary and Index Saddam Hussein Collection Summary
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Iraq Horrific Scenes in the Streets of Ramadi
10 February 19, 2016 News & Analysis Iraq Horrific scenes in the streets of Ramadi Nermeen Mufti anti-ISIS campaign in November or as a tactic to free them from ISIS. 2015 led by the Kurdish peshmerga “The retreating militants de- forces and backed by coalition air stroyed houses, demolished bridg- Ramadi strikes. es, public buildings and the main Iraqi forces are likely next to set university here before they fled.” treet scenes in the liberat- their eyes on Falluja, an ISIS-held He pointed out that Iraqi forces ed districts of Ramadi look city in Anbar east of Ramadi. Fal- seized Ramadi’s general hospital, horrific. It is a ghost town luja’s recapture is crucial to cut trapping ISIS fighters inside. littered with debris and supply lines from Syria into Iraq, “We refrained from attacking smashed concrete with de- primarily to Mosul, Iraq’s second the building but ISIS militants set Sstroyed vehicles and burned shop- largest city in the north under ISIS explosives to the first floor as they fronts. Stray cats nibbled on human control. escaped,” he said. bodies. Army units were on guard In the streets of Ramadi, scenes as bomb squads hastened to clear “The retreating were excruciating. The city was de- homes and streets of explosives. serted of inhabitants. Houses were The city and its suburbs, the capi- militants destroyed damaged or destroyed. Palm trees tal of the vast Anbar province, is in houses, demolished that once decorated the streets ruins and chaos. The area, which bridges, public were burned, as were cars, trucks witnessed the humiliating defeat buildings and the and other vehicles. -
Saddam Hussein
Saddam Hussein ﺻﺪام ﺣﺴﻴﻦ :Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti (/hʊˈseɪn/;[5] Arabic Marshal Ṣaddām Ḥusayn ʿAbd al-Maǧīd al-Tikrītī;[a] 28 April ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﻤﺠﻴﺪ اﻟﺘﻜﺮﻳﺘﻲ 1937[b] – 30 December 2006) was President of Iraq from 16 July 1979 until 9 Saddam Hussein ﺻﺪام ﺣﺴﻴﻦ April 2003.[10] A leading member of the revolutionary Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, and later, the Baghdad-based Ba'ath Party and its regional organization the Iraqi Ba'ath Party—which espoused Ba'athism, a mix of Arab nationalism and socialism—Saddam played a key role in the 1968 coup (later referred to as the 17 July Revolution) that brought the party to power inIraq . As vice president under the ailing General Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr, and at a time when many groups were considered capable of overthrowing the government, Saddam created security forces through which he tightly controlled conflicts between the government and the armed forces. In the early 1970s, Saddam nationalized oil and foreign banks leaving the system eventually insolvent mostly due to the Iran–Iraq War, the Gulf War, and UN sanctions.[11] Through the 1970s, Saddam cemented his authority over the apparatus of government as oil money helped Iraq's economy to grow at a rapid pace. Positions of power in the country were mostly filled with Sunni Arabs, a minority that made up only a fifth of the population.[12] Official portrait of Saddam Hussein in Saddam formally rose to power in 1979, although he had already been the de 1979 facto head of Iraq for several years. -
Saddam Hussein (Saddam Husseinabdel Majid At-Tikriti)
Saddam Hussein (Saddam HusseinAbdel Majid at-Tikriti) Irak, Presidente de la República Duración del mandato: 16 de Julio de 1979 - de de Nacimiento: Al Ajwa, Tikrit, provincia de Salah ad-Din, 28 de Abril de 1937 Defunción: Camp Justice, Al Kadhimiyah, provincia de Bagdad, 30 de Diciembre de 2006</p> Partido político: Baaz Profesión : Funcionario de seguridad ResumenUna ejecución en la horca grabada en video y rodeada de truculencia puso término el penúltimo día de 2006 a los 69 años de vida del que fuera todopoderoso presidente de Irak desde 1979 hasta abril de 2003, cuando fue derrocado y obligado a esconderse por el Ejército de Estados Unidos, que invadió el país árabe sin el aval de la ONU y con el pretexto de unas inexistentes armas de destrucción masivas. Capturado en diciembre siguiente y condenado al patíbulo tres años después como reo de crímenes contra la humanidad, Saddam, un dictador implacable y megalómano que basó su régimen de terror en el partido Baaz y en una urdimbre de lealtades tribales, provocador de conflictos bélicos y paria internacional, fue juzgado con garantías dudosas a instancias de sus antiguos perseguidos y al fragor de la catastrófica posguerra irakí, en un país asolado por la violencia sectaria, el terrorismo, la insurgencia y las operaciones militares. http://www.cidob.org 1 of 42 Biografía 1. De conspirador violento a dirigente expeditivo 2. Factótum en la cúpula de partido Baaz 3. Asunción de todo el poder y campaña bélica contra Irán 4. Invasión de Kuwait y segunda guerra del Golfo 5. Rebeliones internas y el castigo de los vencedores 6. -
The Demand for Responsiveness in Past U.S. Military Operations for More Information on This Publication, Visit
C O R P O R A T I O N STACIE L. PETTYJOHN The Demand for Responsiveness in Past U.S. Military Operations For more information on this publication, visit www.rand.org/t/RR4280 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available for this publication. ISBN: 978-1-9774-0657-6 Published by the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. 2021 RAND Corporation R® is a registered trademark. Cover: U.S. Air Force/Airman 1st Class Gerald R. Willis. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited. Permission is given to duplicate this document for personal use only, as long as it is unaltered and complete. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial use. For information on reprint and linking permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND’s publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. Support RAND Make a tax-deductible charitable contribution at www.rand.org/giving/contribute www.rand.org Preface The Department of Defense (DoD) is entering a period of great power competition at the same time that it is facing a difficult budget environment. -
Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 2003 Released by the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor February 25, 2004
Iraq Page 1 of 12 Iraq Country Reports on Human Rights Practices - 2003 Released by the Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor February 25, 2004 On April 9, Coalition-led forces militarily overthrew the Ba'athist regime of Saddam Hussein in Operation Iraqi Freedom. [note 1] Under U.N. Security Council Resolutions 1483, 1500, and 1511, an Interim Administration, comprised of the Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA) and the Iraqi Governing Council, administers the country until an internationally recognized, representative government is established and assumes responsibility. The regime's 1968 provisional Ba'athist Constitution claimed the country to be a democratic republic. However, political power rested exclusively in a harshly repressive one-party apparatus dominated by Saddam Hussein Al-Tikriti and members of his extended family. According to the Constitution, the Arab Ba'ath Socialist Party governed the country through the Revolutionary Command Council (RCC), which exercised both executive and legislative authority. President Saddam Hussein, who was also Prime Minister, Chairman of the RCC, and Secretary General of the Regional Command of the Ba'ath Party, therefore wielded absolute decisive power. Hussein and his regime claimed 99.96 percent of the votes cast in a nondemocratic "referendum" on his presidency held in October 2002 that did not include secret ballots; many credible reports indicated that voters feared possible reprisal for a dissenting vote. The judiciary was not independent, and the President had the ability to override any ruling or refer any case to a secret system of Special Courts outside the normal judiciary. Under the RCC and Ba'ath party structure, the Tikriti family maintained total effective control of the security forces and the military. -
Who Are the Insurgents? Sunni Arab Rebels in Iraq
UNITED STATES INSTITUTE OF PEACE www.usip.org SPECIAL REPORT 1200 17th Street NW • Washington, DC 20036 • 202.457.1700 • fax 202.429.6063 ABOUT THE REPORT “Who Are the Insurgents?” offers insight into the breadth of Sunni Arab groups actively participating Who Are the Insurgents? in the insurrection in Iraq and specifically examines the three broad categories of insurgents: secular/ ideological, tribal, and Islamist. With the exception Sunni Arab Rebels in Iraq of the ultraradical Salafi and Wahhabi Islamists, this report finds, many rebels across these three classifications share common interests and do not sit so comfortably in any one grouping or category. This presents specific problems—and Summary opportunities—for U.S. and coalition forces that, • Building a profile of a typical anti-coalition Sunni Arab insurgent in Iraq is a daunting if handled correctly, could eventually lead to a rapprochement with some of the insurgents. task. Demographic information about the insurgents is fragmented, and the rebels themselves are marked more by their heterogeneity than by their homogeneity. Draw- The report’s author, Amatzia Baram, is a professor ing from a wide array of sources, however, we can try to piece together a view of their of Middle Eastern history at the University of Haifa, primary motivations for taking up arms against the U.S.-led occupation. Israel. He is a prolific writer and editor of several books and dozens of scholarly articles on Saddam • Sunni insurgents generally claim one of three primary identity-based impetuses Hussein and Iraqi politics and history. He testified for their anti-American and antigovernment violence: Ba’th Party membership or about Saddam Hussein and weapons of mass affiliation with Saddam’s regime, adherence to Islam, or tribal interests, values, and destruction in September 2002 before the House norms. -
L'antechrist; Portrait-Robot
L'ANTECHRIST; portrait-robot L'ANTECHRIST portrait robot " Le fauve dont les pattes sont des nombres Dont les reins ont la courbe du meurtre effrayant et dont les yeux sont l'obsession des pouvoirs sombres traîne sur ce désert d'épaisseur sans secours où tout s'est abattu dans la poussière ".. (à propos de l'Antéchrist) (extrait d'un poème allégorique de P. J. Jouve) " Dieu est mort " signé : Nietzsche " Nietzsche est mort " signé : Dieu (graffiti vu sur un mur du quartier latin au moment des événements de Mai 68) Quelque temps avant sa mort, après avoir tant écrit contre DIEU de manière souvent blasphématoire, il écrivit: "Le monde, une porte qui s'ouvre sur mille déserts où il n'y a que silence et froid. Celui qui a perdu ce que, moi, j'ai perdu ne s'arrête nulle part. Maintenant je suis là, blême, maudit dans l'errance de l'hiver, pareil à la fumée qui, sans cesse, cherche des cieux plus froids. Malheur à celui qui n'a pas de patrie " http://www.bibleetnombres.online.fr/antporob.htm (1 sur 34)2011-02-04 16:17:24 L'ANTECHRIST; portrait-robot Fiche signalétique : L'ANTECHRIST: le personnage - L'ANTICHRIST: l'esprit Titres divers attribués dans l'Ancien Testament: Titres divers attribués dans le Nouveau Testament: Interprétation: Définition selon le Larousse: Tableau récapitulatif: Documents: Portrait d'un tyran: Saddam Hussein (mise à jour 11 Octobre 2002). Psychanalyse d'un dictateur, portrait psychologique de Saddam Hussein (mise à jour 9 Avril 2003). Fiche signalétique L'ANTECHRIST : le personnage L'ANTICHRIST : l'esprit Manassé, un exemple historique : En l'an [- 666], Le roi Manassé régnait sur Juda (pendant 660 mois). -
The Kurdish Nationalist Movement and External Influences
Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 1980-12 The Kurdish nationalist movement and external influences Disney, Donald Bruce, Jr. Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/17624 '";. Vi , *V ^y NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California THESIS THE KURDISH NATIONALIST MOVEMENT AND EXTERNAL INFLUENCES by Donald Bruce Disney, Jr. December 1980 The sis Advisor: J. W. Amos, II Approved for Public Release; Distribution Unlimited T19 «—,rob J Unclassified "wi.fy * N°* StCUHlTY CLASSIFICATION r>* THIS »>GI '•*>•« D«t Knlmrmd) READ INSTRUCTIONS REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE BEFORE COMPLETING FORM •f*OAT NUMlf* 2. OOVT ACCCUION MO. J MKCl»lCNT'S CATALOG NUMBER. 4 TiTlE ,«.*Ju »mH) s. TY*e of neponT * rewoo covcncd The Kurdish Nationalist Movement Master's Thesis; and External Influences December 1980 * »I»ro»l»INQ owe. «I»OKT NUMIIR 7. AuTmO*><*> • contract o« chant HumUtnf) Donald Bruce Disney, Jr., LCDR, USN * RfBFORMINO OWOANI2ATION NAME AND >QD*tii tO. *«OG*AM CLEMENT. RBOjECT. T as* AREA * «OMK UNIT NUDUM Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, California 93940 M CONTROLLING OFFICE NAME ANO ADDRESS 12. MFOUT DATE Naval Postgraduate School December, 1980 Monterey, California 93940 II. MUMBER O' WAGES 238 TT MONITORING AGENCY NAME A AOORESSfll if>'M*ml Ifmm Controlling Ottlc*) It- SICURITY CLASS. <al Iftlm report) Naval Postgraduate School Unclassified Monterey, California 93940 Im DECLASSIFICATION/ DOWNGRADING SCHEDULE l«. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT (of Ihlt *•»•»!) Approved for public release; distribution unlimited 17 DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT at (»• •*•„•«( rnrnfm** In #I»c* 20, // dittfmt rrmm Mf rt) IE. SUFFLCMCNTARY NOTES '» KEY *O*0l (Continue em remem »!<*• It r\eceeeiy em* itemttty m, ilect IHMHMMP Kurds, Kurdish Nationalism, Kurdish Revolts, Kurdish Political Parties, Mullah Mustafa Barzani, Sheikh Ezzedin, Abdul Rahman Qassemlu, Turkey, Iran, Iraq, UK, U.S., U.S.S.R., Israel, PLO, Armenians 20. -
A Provisional Needs Assessment for the Iraqi Media
A New Voice in the Middle East: A Provisional Needs Assessment for the Iraqi Media Baltic Media Centre Skippergade 8 DK-3740 Svaneke Denmark Phone: +45 7020 2002 Fax: +45 70202001 Email: [email protected] Web: www.bmc.dk Index on Censorship Lancaster House 33 Islington High Street London N1 9LH UK Phone: +44 (0)20 72782313 Fax: +44 (0)20 72781878 Email: [email protected] Web: www.indexonline.org Institute for War & Peace Reporting Lancaster House 33 Islington High Street London N1 9LH UK Tel: +44 (0)20 7713 7130 Fax: +44 (0)20 7713 7140 Email: [email protected] Web: www.iwpr.net International Me dia Support Wilders Plads 8H 1403 Copenhagen Denmark Tel: (+45) 3269 8989 Fax: (+45) 3269 8994 Email: [email protected] Web: www.i-m-s.dk Iraqi Media Needs Assessment, page 2 A New Voice in the Middle East: A Provisional Needs Assessment for the Iraqi Media 1. Executive Summary Stabilisation and development in post-war Iraq depend on the creation of new forms of representative government in a country that has suffered decades of war and brutal dictatorship. A prerequisite for success is the emergence of a professional and independent media, to convey reliable facts, support responsible debate and represent the diversity of communities and views within Iraq. Iraqis are confronting this huge challenge with considerable energy, but face serious obstacles. In the weeks since the end of hostilities, dozens of new newspapers and magazines have been launched in the capital, Baghdad, while the busy media culture in Iraqi Kurdistan – established during the decade of self-rule – has continued. -
Tal Afar 2005: Laying the Counterinsurgency Groundwork by MAJ Jay B
Tal Afar 2005: Laying the Counterinsurgency Groundwork By MAJ Jay B. Baker he battle for Tal Afar, which occurred during the period from summer 2005 to winter 2006, was the first success- Tful counterinsurgency campaign for American forces in Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF). The principal antagonists were the 3rd Ar- mored Cavalry Regiment (ACR), also known as the Brave Rifles, led by COL H.R. McMaster, and the insurgency forces in Tal Afar. The campaign emphasized principles of full spectrum opera- tions, including initiative, mission command and the simultaneous application of offensive, defensive and stability operations. A soldier from 2nd Battalion, 325th Airborne Infantry Regiment, 82nd Airborne Division, patrols the streets of Tal Afar, a city of some 200,000 in northwestern Iraq’s Ninewah Province, in November 2005. U.S. Army/SPC Richard Vogt Army/SPC Richard U.S. June 2009 I ARMY 61 A U.S. Army OH-58D Kiowa helicopter from the 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment (ACR) conducts a combat air patrol over the ancient city of Tal Afar in February 2006. Allmon, USAF Aaron Aaron DoD/SSgt Strategic Setting Iraq. Upon taking command of 3rd ACR in 2004 following Tal Afar is an ancient city of approximately 200,000 peo- its redeployment from Operation Iraqi Freedom I, COL ple in northwestern Iraq’s Ninewah Province, near the Syr- McMaster implemented a training strategy based on clas- ian border. It figured prominently in Abu Musab al-Zar- sic counterinsurgency doctrine, including cultural training qawi’s strategy of fomenting sectarian violence to and emphasis on intelligence, information operations and undermine the American effort in Iraq due to its ethnic civil affairs. -
Informations Sur Les Tribus Irakiennes De La Région De Tikrit Et Leur Implication Dans Les Événements De 2003-2007
IRAK Note 4 juillet 2014 Informations sur les tribus irakiennes de la région de Tikrit et leur implication dans les événements de 2003-2007 Avertissement Ce document a été élaboré par l’Ofpra en vue de fournir des informations aux agents chargés du traitement des demandes de protection internationale. Il ne prétend pas faire le traitement exhaustif de la problématique, ni apporter de preuves concluantes quant au fondement d’une demande de protection internationale particulière. Il ne doit pas être considéré comme une position officielle de l’Ofpra ou des autorités françaises. Ce document, rédigé conformément aux lignes directrices communes à l’Union européenne pour le traitement de l’information sur le pays d’origine (avril 2008) [cf. http://www.ofpra.gouv.fr/documents/Lignes_directrices_UE.pdf], se fonde principalement sur des renseignements puisés dans des sources qui sont à la disposition du public. Toutes les sources utilisées sont référencées. Elles ont été sélectionnées avec un souci constant de recouper les informations. Le fait qu’un événement, une personne ou une organisation déterminée ne soit pas mentionné(e) dans la présente production ne préjuge pas de son inexistence. La reproduction ou diffusion du document n’est pas autorisée, à l’exception d’un usage personnel, sauf accord de l’Ofpra en vertu de l’article L. 335-3 du code de la propriété intellectuelle. Irak – Informations sur les tribus de Tikrit et les événements de 2003-2007 Sommaire 1. Les tribus arabes dans la société irakienne..................................................... 3 2. Les tribus de la province de Salah ad-Din (Tikrit) ............................................ 4 3. La province de Salah ad-Din (Tikrit) sous Saddam Hussein .............................. -
UNCLASSIFIED Iraqi Boys Look at the Camera While U.S
UNCLASSIFIED Iraqi boys look at the camera while U.S. Soldiers assigned to the 1314th Civil Affairs Company, 17th Fires Brigade, conduct a joint mounted and foot patrol with Iraqi soldiers, to Al-Khalesa Junior High School for Girls, Martyr Salem Al-Khafajy Primary School and Hayal Risalah Primary/Secondary School for Boys and Girls, to conduct school project assessments, in Basra, Iraq, Oct. 27, 2009. The Iraqi Deputy Government and U.S Government are partnering to increase classroom capacity, by adding three classrooms to 10 schlithBhools in the Basra area. (U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Chrissy Best/Released) 091027-F-2575B-006 UNCLASSIFIED Young girls watch as U.S. Solders from the 1314th Civil Affairs Company, 17th Fires Brigade, conduct a joint mounted and foot patrol with Iraqi soldiers, to the Institute of Fine Arts for Boys and the Five-Mile Market Primary School for Girls, to conduct school assessments, in Basra, Iraq, Oct. 29, 2009. The Iraqi Deputy Government and U.S Government are partnering to increase classroom capacity, by adding three classrooms to ten schools in the Basra area. (U.S. Air Force photo by Staff Sgt. Chrissy Best/Released) 091029-F-2575B-178 UNCLASSIFIED U.S. Army Staff Sgt. Adam Vinglas from Concord, N.C., with Tactical Psychological Operations (PSYOPS) Detachment 3050, 305th PSYOPS Company, 17th Fires Brigade, speaks with a local businessman at a barber shop about Iranian Influence in his community, during a joint patrol with Iraqi soldiers, to help offset Iranian influence, in Az Zubayr, Iraq, Oct. 31, 2009. (U.S.