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Sharq Al-Andalus. N. 7 (1990)

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Sharq Al-Andalus. N. 7 (1990) SHARQ AL-ANDALUS Estudios Arabes Núm. 7 • 1990 • Anales de la Universidad de Alicante (España) SHARQ AL-ANDALUS Estudios Árabes N.° 7 ALICANTE, 1990 Anales de la Universidad de Alicante ESTUDIOS ÁRABES Director: MÍKEL DE EPALZA Co-Director: MARIA JESÚS RUBIERA MATA Consejo Asesor: DJOMAA CHEIKHA, Universidad de Túnez MARÍA ISABEL FIERRO, C.S.I.C., Madrid ENRIC A. LLOBREGAT CONESA, Museu Arqueologic, Alacant MANUELA MARÍN NIÑO, C.S.I.C., Madrid EDGARD WEBER, Université de Toulouse-Le Mirail Comité de Redacción: FRANCISCO FRANCO SÁNCHEZ MARGARITA LA CHICA GARRIDO MARCELINO VILLEGAS GONZÁLEZ Secretaria: ENEIDA GARCÍA GARUÓ PORTADA: Fragmento peninsular del portulano árabe de Ibrahim de Murcia. Trípoli, 1463. Depósito legal A.20-1985 Gráficas DÍAZ, S.L. Ctra. Alicante-San Vicente - Partida Torregroses E-11 03690 SAN VICENTE (Alicante) Editores: DIVISIÓ DEPARTAMENTAL D'ESTUDIS ARABS I ISLÀMICS UNIVERSITÄT D'ALACANT CONSELLERIA DE CULTURA, EDUCACIÓ I CIENCIA GENERALITÄT VALENCIANA Difusión: SECRETARIAT DE PUBLICACIONS, UNIVERSITÄT D'ALACANT Apartat n.° 99 - 03080 ALICANTE (España) COLABORADORES EN ESTE NÚMERO A. ABI-AYED, Profesor de Español, Universidad de Oran. W.T.F. Wagner de AL-GANABI, Profesora de Literatura Medieval, Departamento de Español, Universidad de Bagdad. H. MAGAZ BEN-ACHOUR, Profesora-Investigadora, Túnez. L.F. BERNABÉ PONS, Investigador, División de Estudios Árabes e Islámicos, Uni­ versidad de Alicante. M. CABELLO GARCÍA, Investigadora, División de Estudios Árabes e Islámicos-, Uni­ versidad de Alicante R. CASTRILLO MÁRQUEZ, Profesora de Estudios Árabes e Islámicos, Universidad Complutense, Madrid. M. DE EPALZA, Catedrátic d'Estudis Arabs i Islàmics, Universität d'Alacant. S. FAGHIA, Profesora-Investigadora, Túnez. M.T.'FERRER I MALLOL, Investigadora, Institut Milà i Fontanals, C.S.I.C., Barcelona. M.l. FIERRO BELLO, Investigadora, Instituto de Filología (Árabe), C.S.I.C., Madrid. F. FRANCO SÁNCHEZ, Investigador, Universidades UNED y Alicante. A.-H. GAFSI, Investigador, Centre d'Etudes Hispano-Andalouses, Túnez. A. GALMÉS DE FUENTES, Catedrático de Filología Románica, Universidad Com­ plutense, Madrid. M. GARCÍA SEMPERE, Professora, Alacant. M. DE GEA CALATAYUD, Investigador, Guardamar del Segura. V. GONZÁLEZ, Investigadora, Marseille. M. GRAU I MONSERRAT, Professor d'Estudis Arabs i Islàmics, Universität de Bar­ celona. B. JUSTEL CALABOZO, Catedrático de Estudios Árabes e Islámicos, Universidad de Cádiz. L. MARTÍN I PASCUAL, Investigadora, Divisió de Filología Catalana, Universität d'Alacant. E. TORNERO, Profesor de Estudios Árabes e Islámicos, Universidad Complutense, Madrid. M. VILLEGAS, Profesor de Estudios Árabes e Islámicos, Universidad de Alicante. E. WEBER, Profesor de Estudios Árabes, Universidad de Toulouse-Le Mirail. N. ZBISS, Investigadora, Túnez y París. 5 INDICE GENERAL Página Colaboradores en este número 5 índice General 7 Sección General Heger-Mazouz BEN-ACHOUR Aux origines de la ferme du Dâr al-gild: hypothèses sur la mise en place des structures et les Andalous en Tunisie 11 Rafaela CASTRILLO MÁRQUEZ Descripción del Imperio de Marruecos, por Carlos Batier, y Noticias de la ciu­ dad de Tetuán, por Francisco Pacheco, trabajos realizados en 1797 a solici­ tud del Consejero Real don Francisco de Zamora 15 Braulio JUSTEL CALABOZO La «Gramática de la lengua arábigo-erudita» y su infundada atribución a Pa­ tricio de la Torre 31 Sección Literatura Árabe Alvaro GALMÉS DE FUENTE Literatura árabe y literatura francesa en la Edad Media 37 Marcelino VILLEGAS Cuentos semiinéditos de Nayîb Mahfûz 55 Edgard WEBER Les contes d'amour dans Les Mille et Une Nuits: de quelques caractéristiques 69 Sección Islamología María Isabel FIERRO - Saadia FAGHIA Un nuevo texto de tradiciones escatológicas sobre Al-Andalus 99 Emilio TORNERO Lessing y el Islam 113 7 Sección Mudejares y Moriscos Wilhelmina AL-GANAB1 Un manuscrito aljamiado, último eslabón de la obra del Deniense en España. 121 María Teresa FERRER I MALLOL Un procès per homicidi entre sarraïns de l'Horta d'Alacant 135 Manuel GRAU I MONTSERRAT Musulmans als Ports de Morella (s. XIV) 151 Sección Toponimia Árabe Míkel de EPALZA El Cid como antropónimo («el LEÓN») y como topónimo («el SEÑOR o GO­ BERNADOR almohade») 157 Marínela GARCÍA SEMPERE Alguns possibles topónims àrabs a la partida de Bacarot (municipi d'Alacant). 171 Sección Arqueología. Arte y Urbanismo Árabes Manuel de GEA CALATAYUD Sistemas de captación y distribución de agua de.probable origen árabe, en Albatera y Crevillente 175 Valérie GONZÁLEZ Les collections d'oeuvres d'art du métal émaillé hispano-musulman dans les musées mondiaux hors d'Espagne 195 Sección Varia Ahmad ABI-AYAD Oran dans la littérature espagnole: XVI-XVII-XVIII siècles 203 Nabila ZBISS L'onomastique espagnole en Tunisie 215 Sección de textos traducidos y reeditados Marcelino VILLEGAS Dos cuentos de Yûsuf Idrîs 221 Míkel de EPALZA El Cid = El León: ¿epíteto árabe del Campeador? 227 Sección Bibliografía Luis Fernando BERNABÉ PONS Aljamía. Boletín de información bibliográfica 237 Míkel de EPALZA Estudios sobre migraciones mediterráneas del siglo XVI al XX: Vilar, Bonma- tí, Bono, Bennassar, López Nadal, Luccini 239 8 María Isabel FIERRO La descripción del Paraíso de (Abd al-Malik b. Habíb 243 Francisco FRANCO SÁNCHEZ - Míkel de EPALZA Bibliografía sobre temas árabes del Sharq Al-Andalus. Apéndice VI 245 Reseñas: Basáñez Villaluenga (L.F. BERNABÉ PONS) 281 Badawi (M. CABELLO) 282 Ibn al-Munâsif (M.l. FIERRO) 283 Flores Arroyuelo (F. FRANCO SÁNCHEZ) 284 García Granados y otros (F. FRANCO SANCHEZ) 287 Torres Fontes (F. FRANCO SÁNCHEZ) 291 Bishtawi (A.-H. GAFSI) 296 Colección Al-Nahda minor (L. MARTÍN I PASCUAL) 297 Colón (L. MARTÍN i PASCUAL) 299 Al-Hadarî (M. VILLEGAS) 301 Sukrí y Al-Aswad (M. VILLEGAS) 302 Sección Noticias Actividades de la División de Árabe de la Universidad de Alicante (1989) (M. de EPALZA) 305 Tesis doctoral sobre la Escuela de Lecturas Coránicas, de Denia (W.T.F. WAGNER de AL-GANABI) 311 Congreso sobre Avenidas Fluviales e inundaciones en la Cuenca del Mediterrá­ neo. Murcia-Alicante, 11-14 de mayo 1988 (F. FRANCO SÁNCHEZ) 313 Congrès Internacional «Ibn al-Abbâr i el seu temps» (Onda) (L.F. BERNABÉ PONS) 315 I Congrès d'Histöria d'Alcanar. 750 aniversari de la Carta Pobla (1239-1989) (L.F. BERNABÉ PONS) 319 IV Symposium International d'Etudes Morisques (L.F. BERNABÉ PONS) 321 Encuentro de revistas europeas de arabismo (M. de EPALZA) 323 I Congrès de les repites de l'Estat Espanyol, Sant Caries de la Rápita (Tarragona), 7 al 10 de septiembre de 1989 (F. FRANCO SÁNCHEZ) 325 II Coloquio Hispano-Marroquí de Ciencias Históricas «Historia, Ciencia y Sociedad», Granada, 6-11 de noviembre 1989 (F. FRANCO SÁNCHEZ) 329 9 IMPLANTATION ANDALOUSE ET STRUCTURATION DU DAR AL-ÖILD = HYPOTHÈSES SUR LES ORIGINES DE CETTE FERME Por HEGER MAZOUZ BEN-ACHOUR Le Dar al-gild était l'administration chargée de la collecte et de la commerciali­ sation des cuirs, de la cire et de la laine dans la Régence de Tunis. C'était un monopole d'Etat régulièrement affermé depuis la fin du XVIe siècle (1). Les commerçants juifs autochtones ou livournais qui détenainent cette ferme dès la fin du XVIIe siècle, ont continué à jouer un rôle important dans sa gestion jusqu'au milieu du XIXe siècle et paraissent avoir joué un rôle essentiel dans la mise en place de ses structures, ainsi que nous essaierons de le montrer plus loin, à partir des élé­ ments fournis par les registres fiscaux concernant le Dar al-ç)ild (2). Le Dar al-gild avait un siège à Tunis qui centralisait la collecte des peaux ve­ nant des abattoirs de Tunis, des villages de sa banlieue et des bureaux de l'intérieur de la Régence. En contre partie de ce monopole sur la collecte et le commerce des peaux, les fermiers du Dar al-çjild ou tugç)ar dar al-gild ou yâhud dar al-c)ild (3), ain­ si qu'ils son désignés dans les registres fiscaux, devaient fournir la cour et certains nota­ bles en étoffes de luxe, et devaient surtout, contribuer à la paye des Janissaires, en versant tous les deux mois la somme de 60.000 piastres au Dar al-Baëa (4). (1) PIERRE GRANCHAMP: La France en Tunisie auXVIIIe siècle (1582-1705), Tunis, 1920-1933. Dans le tome I, Caït Morat et Caït Chader (sic) sont désignés, en 1595, comme vendeurs et adjudicataires de Mami Pacha de Tunis. (2) A.G.G.T.: Registres fiscaux du n.° 2159 au 2195. Mais c'est dans les registres 2166 à 2177 qu'apparaît la structure du Dar al-g"ild. (3) TUGGÄR DAR ALfiILD: Les commerçants du Dar al-gild. YÂHUD DAR AL-GILD: les juifs du Dar al-gild. (4) DAR AL-BÄSA: était l'administration chargée de la paye des Janissaires. 11 Donc à partir des registres fiscaux apparaît la répartition des bureaux du Dar al-gild à l'intérieur de la Régence. D'autre part, nous savons que depuis le XVIIe siè­ cle, bien souvent, pour pouvoir payer ses soldats, l'Etat recourait aux services de riches négociants juifs qui lui avançaient les fonds nécessaires. A partir de ces deux séries de données, on pourrait avancer quelques éléments d'explication susceptible de nous éclarer sur la manière selon laquelle s'est élaborée la structure du Dar al-ä/ild. Voyons d'abord ce qui apparaît dans les registres fiscaux; nous verrons par la suite qui étaient ces négociants juifs. Les registres fiscaux allant du n.° 2166 au n.° 2177 fixent les comptes (hisàb) des différents bureaux du dar al-§i/d. En haut de la feuille figure le nom de la loca­ lité et le nom du représentant (nâ(ib). Jusqu'au milieu du XIXe siècle, bon nombre de ces représentants étaient des juifs autochtones ou même livournais. Ainsi nous apprenons qu'en 1824 par exemple, le responsable du bureau de gär al-milh était al-dimnaT, al-gurnT Balmâ. Celui de Zaghouan, pour la même année était Samuel SatbGn.
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