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FEDERAL AND STATE PROVISIONS CONCERNING . ELECTION CRIMES, OFFENSES, AND CORRUPT PRACTICES . A?.

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" L r JACK H. MASKELL Legislative Attorney I American Law Division

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I v1 lb TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

Introduction...... 1

Alabama ...... 6

Alaska ...... 11

Arizona...... 13

Arkansas...... 20

California...... 22

Colorado...... 27

Connecticut...... 30

Delaware...... 34

Florida...... 37

Georgia...... 44

Hawaii...... 47

Idaho...... 49

Illinois...... 50

Indiana...... 52

Iowa ...... 60

Kansas ...... 64

Kentucky ...... 69

Louisiana...... 7)

Maine ...... 76

Maryland ...... 81

Massachusetts ...... 87

Michigan...... 97 11

TABLE OF CONTENTS (contd)

Page

Minnesota...... 105

Mississippi...... 112

Missouri...... 116

Montana...... 122

Nebraska...... 128

Nevada...... 137

New Hampshire ...... 138

New Jersey ...... 145

New Mexico ...... 154

New York ...... 158

North Carolina ...... 165

North Dakota ...... 169

Ohio...... 174

Oklahoma...... 184

Oregon...... 189

Pennsylvania...... 195

Rhode Island...... 200

South Carolina ...... 202

South Dakota ...... 204

Tennessee ...... 209

Texas...... 213

Utah...... 226

Vermont...... 232

Virginia ...... 235

Washington...... -.--...... -.-.. 239

/ iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS (contd) Page

West Virginia...... 244

Wisconsin...... 250

Wyoming...... 260

Federal Statutes ...... 264 FEDERAL AND STATE PROVISIONS CONCERNING ELECTION CRIMES, OFFENSES, AND CORRUPT PRACTICES

Introduction

A. Fraudulent Voting and Registration.

Generally, the Federal law and the laws of every state have some provision which prohibits fraudulent registration and fraudulent voting. The prohibition against fraudulent registration is usually accomplished by an outright prohibition against ones registering without the requisite qualifications. Otherwise, fraudulent registration is prohibited by statutes concerning false swearing, giving of false information, or by specifying the general qualifications for registering and a general penalty for violation of the provisions of the election code. Ad- ditionally, many states specifically prohibit an attempt to register fraudulently, dual registration, and aiding, abetting, or counselling another to register fraudulently.

As in registration, every state and the Federal law have some provision which would work to prohibit fraudulent or illegal voting. As far as the information available at this time demonstrates, every state has a statute which specifically prohibits fraudulent or illegal voting except Idaho which repealed its criminal law prohibiting fraudulent voting, effective January 1, 1972. Idaho does have statutes, however, which prohibit the giving of false information pertaining to one's qualifications to register and a provision which states that to vote, one must be registered according to law. Similarly, the Federal law does not specifically prohibit fraudulent voting, but does prohibit the giving of false information to procure registration.

As to statutes which prohibit voting in more than one state, certain state statutes do specifically mention residents of other states voting in their 2

CRS-2

elections. Florida Statutes Annotated, in section 104.181, and in the 1972-1973

Supplement thereto, states that it is "unlawful for any person to vote in any

...election in the state within one year of the time such person has voted in

any election in any other state or country in which residence in such state or

country at the time of the election there was a necessary qualification to such

persons' right to vote there." This provision does not apply to new residents

voting in the presidential election.

Indiana Statutes Annotated, section 3-1-32-13, states that "Whoever

passes from any other state into this state, and votes or attempts to vote at any

voting precinct or ward of this state, not being at the time a bona fide resident

of such voting precinct or ward, shall be guilty of a felony." New York Consoli-

dated Laws, title 17, sec. 436(f) prohibits similar conduct of one being an inhab-

itant of another state voting or attempting to vote in New York. Similarly, Ne-

braska Revised Statutes, section 32-1204 provides penalty for a resident of another

state voting in Nebraska. Kentucky in section 124.150, provides for the same.

Missouri Annotated Statutes, section 129.460 prohibits any person from

bringing into Missouri any person or persons resident in another state, "with the

intent that such person so imported shall vote at any election within this state

before they possess the requisite qualifications." New Hampshire Revised Statutes

Annotated, section 54:11 provides that any person who has already voted in any other

state will be considered to have chosen that state as his residence and will be

disqualified to vote until he has gained a new residence.

In addition to the general prohibition against voting within the state

when one is not qualified, many states specifically prohibit an attempt to vote

fraudulently, dual voting within the state, and aiding or counselling one to

fraudulently vote.

------., - I------"- - - -, -- - -, ------, ------0 -, , - 0111151M CRS-3

B. Campaign Financing

This survey deals specifically with four provisions concerning campaign financing. Reporting requirements, expenditure limitations, regulations on contributions, and the enumeration of lawful expenditures.

1. Reporting of Contributions and Expenditures 1/ At the present time, the election laws in all but eight states requires some reporting from, or on behalf of candidates for Federal and/or state offices.

The state laws vary as to whether they are applicable to all candidates for elective office, or only to state candidates or state political committees. The majority of the states require reporting by candidates and committees of contributions and expenditures over a certain amount, and a designation of the purposes of the expenditures. The requirement of the state laws also vary as to whether both a candidate and a committee must file, and as to whether the candidate and/or

of committee must file a report of both contributions and expenditures, or only one these items.

2. Expenditure Limitations

The items covered under expenditure limitations include overall limitations on campaign expenditures and selected restrictions on certain types of ex- jenditures or by specified persons or groups. Twenty-five states and the Federal 2/ law have provisions concerning expenditure limitations. The state laws which have such limitations vary as to whether they are applicable to candidates for

Federal office. In any event, if such state restrictions are in conflict with the

Federal provisions, a candidate for Federal office may spend up to the limit designated in the Federal law by the provisions of the 1971 Federal Election Campaign Act:

_Delaware, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Louisiana, Nevada, North Dakota, Rhode Island. 2/Alabama, Arizona, Florida, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Ohio, Oregon, South Dakota, Vermont, Washington, W. Va., Wis- consin, Wyoming.

NNW CRS-4

SE ON STATE LAW SEc. 403. (a) Nothing in this Act shall be deemed to invalidate or make inapplicable any provision of any State law, eseept wher compliance with such provision of law would result in a violation of a rovision of this Act. (b) Notwithstanding subsection (a), no provision of State law shall be coustrued to prohibit any person from takin any actioll authorized by this Act or from making any expenditure (as such term is defined in section 301(f) of this Act) which he could lawfully make under this Act.

3. Regulations on Contributions

Restrictions on contributions which are dealt with include the prohibition on political contributions by corporations or by labor unions. Additionally, overall limitations on personal contributions to a candidate's campaign are provided for in the states of Florida, Maryland, Massachusetts, Nebraska, New Hamp- shire, Oklahoma and West Virginia. The Federal law among other restrictions, limits the amount a candidate may contribute from his own personal funds and prohibits corporations, labor unions, and those having government contracts from contributing to a Federal campaign. Other restrictions on certain classes of contributors are included in state laws, including prohibitions on anonymous contributions, or contributions under a fictitious name or in the name of another.

4. Enumeration of Lawful Expenditures.

Twenty states specifically enumerate items for which a candidate and/or committee may lawfully expend campaign funds: Alabama, California, Connecticut,

Florida, Indiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, New Jersey,

New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, West Virginia,

Wisconsin.

C. Political Campaign Material

This topic deals with provisions of law which require the identification of the sponsor of political campaign material or of political broadcasts and CRS-5 those provisions which specifically prohibit the making of false statements in campaign material. The Federal law and all states except Arizona, Connecticut,

Delaware, Idaho, Nevada, and South Carolina require identification of the sponsor of campaign publications or broadcasts.

D. Offenses Generally

In addition to the crimes, offenses, or corrupt practices mentioned above, all the states and the Federal law provide for numerous other elections offenses. These cover a wide and varying range of activities from the prohibition of alcoholic beverages in the vicinity of voting areas to the tampering with election returns, ballots, or ballot boxes. For identification and reference purposes, a list of the section numbers and headings of these offenses are provided for each state following the discussion of specific offenses in that state. CRS-6

ALABAMA

(1940) recom- Unless otherwise designated, references are to Ala. Code

Title 17. piled in 1958, and to the 1971 Supplement thereto,

A. Fraudulent Registration or Voting

Registration or the procuring of the 308: Prohibits the registration of an elector, not possessing the qualifications registration of a person more than once. and prohibits registering

False Statement Under Oath statement register who makes a false 309: Anyone offering to perjury. as an elector is guilty of in regard to his qualifications Vot ing held in more than ;ice in any election . 302: Prohibits voting no~t ualified. to vote or voting when the state, or attempting

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting

of campaign expenditures filed. - 3 278. (592) Statement and every political committee appointed under this article and each Every the ofnce of as defined in section 268 of this title, shall fe in committee candidate by which said the dge of probate of the county in which the if such candidate is a candidate for state committee was appointed resides, posi- in the legislature. or for any county office or senator, representative for a of the secretary of state, if he is a candidate tion, or in the office in congress, or national or state ofnce, *;rposition, or for representative if the political committee be judge or solicitor of any judicial circuit. and to any measure or proposition submitted to one in support or opposition to the vote. if such measure or proposition is submitted the popular party and if it be state. then in the office of the secretary of state, voters of the or circuit, then the voters of any particular county or district submitted to detailed, itemized, offices of the judges of probate of such counties, in the that the com- expenditures made It is provided. however, statements of all shall who is not opposed for nomination or election mttee of any candidate 1959. p 1044, 1, not be required to fle such statements. (1915, p. 250; appvd Ncv 13. 1959.) CRS-7

Alabama (continued)

279. (593) Statement itami::ed, sworn to; when filed.-With- in thirty days after the election, every committee shall file a statement giving in itemized, detailed form, including names, items and detailed amounts, covering all of the expenditures made directly or indirectly, and all obligations, debts or liabilities assumed or incurred at the time of filing of said statement. Such statement shall include the names of all contributors of amounts in excess of ten dollars. with amount given by each, and a list of all gits, leans or contributions made. Such statements shall itemize all monies expended in sums over five dollars, and shall give the names of the various persons to whom such moneys were paid, the specific nature of each item, by whom the service was performed, and the purpose for which it was expended. There shall be attached to such statement an affidavit subscribed and sworn to by the treasurer of said committee setting forth in substance that the statement thus made is in all respects true, and that the same is a full and detailed statement of all moneys. securities or equivalents for money coming under the control or custody of the committee and by them expended directly or indirectly If any statement required herein shall have been postmarked at any United States post office not later than midnight of. the last day on which such statement is required to be filed, the committee mailing such statement shall be deemed to have complied with the requirements of this section as to filing such statement not later than such date. (1915, p. 250; 1953. p. 1017, appvd. Sept. 17, 1953; 1959, p. 1043, 2. appvd. Nov. 13, 1959.) 280. (594) Afidavit of candidate, when made to statement oft expenses.--if such statement i filed by a committee on behalf of any caniacte, there shall also be attached to such statement an affidavit sub- sc:ibed and sworn to by said candidate, setting forth in substance that said statement is to the best of his knowledge and belief in all respects true, and that he has not in person made any expenditures or received any contributions which are not set forth and covered by said statement The failure of any committee designated by any candidate to file the statements herein required in the form and at the time specified, is a corrupt practice. (1915, p. 250; 1959, p. 1045. 3, appvd. Nov. 13. 1959.)

2. Expenditure Limitations

graduated and 272. (586) Amount of campaign expenditures total amount expended, other than for newspaper and radio fixed.-The an advcrtis ng, by any candidate for public or private office voted for at subdivision election by the qualified electors of the state, or any political thereof. for any of the purposes specified in the preceding section other than newspaper and radio advertising, for contributions to political committees, as that term is defined in section 26S of this title, and for any purpose tending in any way, directly or indirectly, to promote or aid in securing his nomination and election, shall not exceed the amount specied herein: By a candidate for United States senator, the sum of fifty thousand dollars; by a candidate for governor, the sum o fifty thousand dollars; by a candidate for any other state elective office, the sum of ten thousand dollars; by a candidate for the office of representative in congress, the sum of ten thousand dollars; by a candidate for the office of state senator, the sum of three thousand dollars, in each of the following senatorial districts, -thirteenth, twenty-eighth and thirty-third; by a candidate for the office of state senator in all senatorial districts except the thirteenth, twenty- eighth ar.d thirty-third, the sum of one thousand dollars, or the sum of six 1 CRS-8

Alabama (continued)

hundred dollars for each county composing the senatorial district, which- the ever is the larger; by a candidate for the office of state representative, sum of six hundred dollars; by a candidate for any other public office to he voted for by the qualified electors of a county, city, town or village, or any part thereof, if the total number of votes cast therein for all candidates for last pre- the office of governor at the fast preceding state election, or at the it such ceding state primary, if more votes were cast in the primary than dollars; election, shall be five thousand or less, the sum of three thousand if the total number of votes cast therein at such last preceding state election preced- or at such last preceding state primary, if it be higher than the last for ing state election, be in excess of five thousand, the sum of ten dollars each one hundred in excess of such number may be added to the amount of three above specified; by a candidate for presidential elector, the sum of hundred dollars; by a candidate for delegate to any national convention to a any party, the sum of six hundred dollars; by a candidate for delegate hundred state, district or county convention of any party, the sum of two dollars; by a candidate for chairman or national committeeman of any polit- other ical party, the sum of five thousand dollars; by a candidate for any party ofece, the sum of five hundred dollars. The amount assessed against total of any candidate as a fee for qualifying shall not be included in the the above expenditures. (1915, p. 250; 1951, p. 1024, appvd. Aug. 30, 1951.)

3. Regulations on Contributions Generally Corporate Contributions: Sec. 286. Corrupt Practices, Or, for any majority corporation or person, trustee or trustees. owning or holding a savings bank. of stock of a corporation carrying on the business of a bank, railroad, street trust, trustee, savings indemnity, safety deposit, insurance, railway, telephone, telegraph, gas, electric light, heat or power company, or any company having the right to condemn land or to exercise franchises to pay or con- in public ways granted by the state, county, city or town, nomination or tribute any money or value in order to aid or promote the or suc- election of any person, or in order to aid .or promote the interest cess, or defeat. of any political party or political proposition; or, for any business in business corporation incorporated under the laws of or doing to this state. or any officer or agent acting in behalf of such corporation, give. directly or indirectly give, pay, expend or contribute, or promise to in order pay, expend or tohtribute, any money or other valuable thing or to aid, promote or prevent the nomination or election of any person, people, defeat any question or proposition submitted to the vote of the political or in order to aid, promote, or antagonize the interests of any solicit re- party, or for any person or persons or political committee to or or con- ceive from such corporations any such gift, payment, expenditure tribution, or' any promise to give, pay, expend or contribute. (1915, p. 250.) CRS-9 Alabama (continued)

4. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated

271. (535) Corrupt practice defined.-Any person is guilty of corrupt practice if he directly or indirectly, by himself or through any other person, or through any political committees, in connection with or in respect of any election, pays, lends, or contributes, or offers or promises to pay, lend or contribute, any money or other valuable consideration for any other purpose than the following matters and services at their reasonable bona fide and customary value: For his traveling expenses while cam- paigniTg; fee for qualifying; stenographic work; clerks at his campaign headquarters to address, prepare and mail campaign literature; telegrams, telephone, postage. freight, express, stationery; a list of voters; office rent; newspaper and radio advertising; preparation, printing and publication of posters, lithographs, banners, notices and literary material, reading matter, cards and pamphlets; the compensation of agents to supervise and to prepare and distribute such articles and advertisements; the rent of halls in which to address the voters; the hire of bands or musicians and the reasonable traveling expenses of his agents, clerks and speakers. Any payment, contribution or expenditure, or agreement, or offer to pay, contribute, or expend any money or thing of value for any purpose whatsoever except as herein provided is declared to be a corrupt practice. (1915, p. 250.)

C. Political Campaign Material

282. (596) Bills, placards, advertisements, etc., must bear name of committee. - Every bill, placard, poster, pamphlet, advertise- rnent, newspaper advertisement, cartoon, or other printed matter, having .reference to an election, or to any candidate, shall bear upon the face hereof the name and address of the person or committee causing the same to be published. The failure to place thereon the name and address of such person or committee, or the printing or publishing, or circulating of any such printed matter without the same bearing upon the face thereof the name and address of such person or committee, is a corrupt practice. (1915, p. 250.)

283. (597) Paid advertisement shall be marked as paid advertisement.-All political advertisements appearing in a newspaper shall be marked paid advertisement. Any person who publishes or circulates any campaign literature or political advertisement without the same bearing on its face the name and address of the person or committee causing the same to be published, or any person or the owner of any newspaper who publishes a political advertisement in a newspaper without the same being marked paid advertisement, is guilty of a corrupt practice. (1915, p. 250.)

D. Offenses Generally

ARTICLE 25.

CbRRUPT PRACTICES.

Sec. 26S. Political committee defined. 269. Candidate defined. 270. Election defined. 271. Corrupt practice defined. 272. Amount of campaign expenditures graduated and fixed. 273. Penalty and disqualification for violation of article. 274. Committee to receive, expend, audit and disburse money or funds contributed. 275. Candidate acting as own commit- CRS-10 Alabama (continued)

tee. 276. Penalty for failure to appoint or select committee. 277. Corarihutions made to committee. 275. Statement of campaign expenditures filed.

Sec. 279. Statements itenmiz. d, sworn to; when tiled. 2S0. Affidavit of candidate, when made to statement of expenses. 2S1. Penalty for fail-ire to make statement required. 2S2. B i I1I s, placards, advertisements, etc., must bear name of committee. 23. Paid advertisemeit s h a I 1be marked as paid advertisement. 2R4. Cartoon- shall bear name of ne(, paper or executive o'ticer of corporation. 2S5. Corrupt practice at e I ee t i o ns enumerated and deined. 236. Corrupt practices generally; enumerated and defined.

ARTICLE 26. PENALTIES.

Sec. Sec. 267. Failure of secretary of state to 31'. Intoxicating liquors not drunk dur- certify nomination. it l,;election. 2SS. Fa;c ly making or frauduledy 313. Ballot changed by inpector; pen- destroying certificates of nomina- alty. tion. 214- Penalty for failure of election of- 289. Suppressing nomination. ficer. 290. Forging inspector's name on bal- 31>. Exclutding or receiving votes un- lot. lawfully. 201. Removing, etc., booth convenience, 316. Penalty of inspector who allows or card of instruction. unlawful vote. 292. Making false declaration as to 317. Employer intimidating employee. inability to prepare ballot. 31S. Coercion of employees of corpo- 293. Deceiving elector in preparation rations. of ballot. 319. Unlawful use of poll list. 294. Disclosing or removing ballot; in- 1;20. Influencing votes unlaw fully; buy- terfering with or influencing elec- ing or offering to buy votes. tor; remaining in booth, etc. 321. Buying votes; penalty. 295. Inspector refusing to a p p o i n t 322. Selling votes made a misdemeanor. markers, etc. 323. Making false statement on appli- 296. Failure of sheriff to give notice cation Cf person to register; pen- of special election. alty for. 297. Failure of officer to serve noicecs 324. Probate judge; neglect of duty; in contests of elections. penalty. 298. Failure of sheriff to notify judge 325. Probate judge, failure to certify of probate and clerk of special candidacy of members of ap- election. pointing board of managers ot 299. Failure of sheriff to be present election. and keep order on election day. 326. Probate judge, sheriff. or clerk 300. Fa;lurc to deliver votes and poll serving as members of appoint- list to county returning officer. ing board of election managers 301. Failure of o cers to perform duty when they are candidates. under election law. 327. Penalty of manager or clerk fail- 302. Illegal voting or attempting to ing to attend elections. vote. 32S. Comparing batiot with poll list, 303. Voting without registration and penalty for. taking oath. 329. Making false certificate of result ..304. Bribing, or attempting to influ- of election, penalty. ence voter. 330. Illegal voting at municipal elec- 305. Altering or changing vote of elections; penalty for. tor. 331. Officer or employee of city acting 30+. Dist'-rbing elector on election day. as election officer; penalty for. 307. Becoming .intoxicated about vot- 332. Corrupt practice in election or ing place on election day. primary election. 303. Unlawful registration. 333. Wilfully refusing to perform du- 309. Fast: statement under oath. ties as to absent voters. 310. Probate judge raking false reg- 334. Voter making false oath. istration list; penakty. 335. Probate judges volunteering sug- 311. Disclosing votes by inspectors; gestions as to ballots for absent penalty. voters. CRS-l1

ALASKA

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Alaska Statutes (Michie)

and 1972 Supplement thereto.

- A. Fraudulent Voting or Registration Registration to register who Sec. 15.07.160(b), (c): It is unlawful for a person

another to do so. knows he is not qualified to vote, or to aid and abet

False Statement a material state- Sec. 15.07.170: No applicant for registration may make

ment which is false, knowing it to be false.

Voting or at a Sec. 15.65.040. Prohibits one from voting at a place where,

pro- time when he is not lawfully entitled to vote or unlawfully votes himself or or aids and abets cures another to vote through threats, bribes or intimidation,

any person to violate this section. to vote more Sec. 15.55.140: A person who willfully votes or attempts

than once at the same election is guilty of a felony.

Sec. 15.55.100 - Voting in false name.

False Swearing or swears Sec. 15.55.170: A person who willfully makes a false affidavit

falsely under an oath required by the Alaska Election Code is guilty of a felony.

B. Campaign Financing

None.

C. Political Campaign Material

1. Identification of Sponsor

Sec. 15.55.030. Publication without identification. A person who knowingly prints or circulates, or has written, printed, or circulated, a letter, circular, bill, placard, poster, or other publication relating to an election or to a candidate at an election or to an election proposition or address of question without the same bearing on its face, the name and -the author, printed, and publisher, is guilty of a corrupt practice and upon conviction is punishable as for a misdemeanor. (* 11.04 ch S3 SLA 1960) CRS-12 Alaska (continued)

2. False Statements

Sc. 15.55.040. Publication of false statement. A person who writes, prints or circulates, or who has written, printed or circulated, a letter, circular, bill, placard, or poster, or who ha3 a paid advertisement placed in a newspaper or any other publication, or who pays or contributes to the payment for any such advertisement, or who makes a radio broadcast, wilfully knowing the letter, circular, bill, placard, poster, publication, paid advertisement, or radio broadcast to contain a false statement, charge, or comment relating to a candidate at an election or to an election proposition or question, is guilty of a corrupt practice and upon conviction is punishable as for a misdemeanor. ( 11.05 ch 83 SLA 1960)

D. Offenses Generally

Chapter 55. Election Offenses, Corrupt Practices and Penalties.

Setion Section 10. Undue influence by force 150. Improper subscription to petition 20. Undue influence by offer 160. Improper distribution and printing 30. Publication without identification of ballots 40. Publication of false statement 170. False swearing 50. Improper possession of ballot .S0. Improper influence of election by 60. Counterfeiting of ballot election officials 70. Refusal to allow employees time off 190. False court 1w election officials 80. Improper disclosure of vote 200. Conceaiment of returns by election 90. Writing of false statement officials 100. Voting in false name 210. General penalty for misdemeanor 110. Undue influence of election offi- 220. General penalty for felony cial 230. Penalty for corrupt practice 120. Improper change of election re- 240. Time limitation turns 245. Voting after disqualification 130. Improper delay in sending of elec- 250. Definition of "person" and "election materials tion" 140. Voting more than once

w now"" CRS-13

ARIZONA

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Ariz. Rev. Stat. Ann. and the 1972-1973 Supplement thereto.

A. Fraudulent Registration or Voting

Registration

16-153: Provides penalty for the registration or the pro-

curing of a registration of one who is not entitled to such registration.

s 16-159: It is unlawful to register more than once or to

False Swearing

16-175 (Supp): It is unlawful to swear falsely to affidavit

required under provision for registration of new residents to vote in

presidential elections.

Voting

16-901: A person is guilty of a felony who: (1) Not being

entitled to vote, fraudulently votes. (2) Votes more than once at any

election.

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting Primary: 16-423. Statement of expenses by candidates; time of filing; preparation and distribution of forms A. Every candidate in a primary election for nomination for a public office other than precinct committeeman shall, not more than ten days. after the primary election, file an itemized statement of expenses, subscribed and sworn to by him, with the officer with whom nomination petitions for the office he seeks are required to be filed. The statement of expenses shall be preserved by the officer with whom filed, and shall be subject to inspection and publication. B. The statement of expenses shall set forth in detail a complete record of the candidate's expenditures in money or other things of value and the cost thereof, including promises to pay, treats, presents and favors, either present of future, intended for the purpose of aid- CRS-l4 Arizona (continued)

ing or which could have had a tendency to aid the success in the primary election of the candidate submitting the statement, and shall include a like statement for each of the persons named by the candidate as authorized to expend money or other things of value in his interest, and for any person not so named who may have made such expenditure.

C. The statement of expenses shall be made upon forms prepared and printed by the secretary of state, who shall forward a sufficient supply to the clerk of the board of supervisors or city or town clerk of each county, city or town in which a primary election is to be held. A reasonable number of forms shall be mailed to each candidate by the secretary of state, clerk of the board of supervisors, or city or town clerk, as the case may be.

16-425. Report of collections and expenditures by campaign committee or other club or person; time of filing; form; penalty for failure or refusal to sign cam- A. Each campaign committee which manages a candidate's the campaign for a paign before a primary election, or manages propaganda, political party and every person who engages in political in connection and collects or expends any money or valuable thing file with therewith shall within ten days after such primary election, are the officer with whom the nomination petitions of the candidates filed a full and complete report of all money or other things of of value which came into such committee's hands or into the hands such person, or which was expended. B. The form of the report shall be prepared by the secretary of in form as re- state and the attorney general and shall be the same altered to conform quired for candidates, except that it shall be to the needs of the committee, or of such person. of C. The report shall be signed by the chairman and treasurer each campaign committee or association of persons, or by such person, or by the members of such association if it has no chairman, who ex- and by the treasurer if it has a treasurer, or by the person pended the money, to be stated in the report. D. A person who fails or refuses to sign and swear to the report required by this section is guilty of a misdemeanor.

General electicns: ' 16-451. Statement of contributions and expenses by candidate

A. Every person who is a candidate for election at any general within or special election to a state, county, city or town office shall, file a thirty days after the day of such general or special election, of full, correct and itemized statement of all monies and things value received by him, or by any one for him with his knowledge or consent, from any source, in aid or support of his candidacy, any of together with the names of all persons who have furnished them in whole or in part. of B. The statements shall contain a true and itemized account all monies and things of value given, contributed and expended, used or promised, by the candidate or by his agent, representative or other person for or in his behalf, with his knowledge and consent, together with the names of all persons to whom any or all such gifts, contributions, payments or promises were made for the purpose of procuring.or aiding his election. CRS-15

Arizona (continued)

16-452. Statement of collections or expenditures by campaign committee or other club or person; time of filing; signing

The treasurer of every campaign committee and every person, other than a candidate for office who engages in political propaganda and collects or expends money or valuable things in connection therewith, shall within thirty days after any general or special election at which candidates for state, county, city or town offices are

to be elected, file an itemized and detailed statement. All statements shall be full and complete and shall be signed and sworn to by such person, or if an association or combination of persons, by the chairman and treasurer thereof.

16-453. Contents of statement of collections and expenditures The statements required by 16-452 shall show:

1. The name and address of each person who has contributed, promised, loaned or advanced to the campaign committee, person, firm, corporation, club, league or association, or any officer, member or agent thereof, either in one or more items, money or its equivalent, or thing of value, of the aggregate amount or value of one hundred dollars or more, and the amount or sum contributed, promised, loaned or advanced by each.

2. The aggregate sum contributed, promised, loaned or advanced to the campaign committee, person, firm, corporation, club, league or association, or to any officer, member or agent thereof, in amounts of less than one hundred dollars.

3. The total sum of all contributions, promises, loans and advances received by the campaign committee, person, firm, corporation, club, league or association or any officer, member or agent thereof. 4. A standard type of financial statement with distributions, disbursements, contributions, promises, loans and advances of any form of money or its equivalent, or thing of value, grouped and summarized by category, in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and standards.

5. The total sum disbursed, distributed, or contributed, promised, loaned or advanced by the campaign committee, person, firm, corporation, club, league or association, or any officer, member or agent thereof. As amended Laws 1970, Ch. 151, 30.

IF 6 CRS-1

Arizona (Continued). 2. Expenditure Limitations

16-426. Limitation on expenditures by candidates Candidates for nomination at any primary election shall be limited in amount of expenditures for the primary election to the following amounts respectively, exclusive of any amounts of money expended

and advertisements in newspapers, for stationery, postage, printing motion pictures, radio and television broadcasts, outdoor advertising signs, and necessary personal, traveling or subsistence expenses: 1. For United States senator, not exceeding thirty-five hundred dollars. 2. For member of congress or governor, not exceeding twenty- five hundred dollars.

3. For supreme court judge, not exceeding one thousand dollars. state 4. For any other office for which the electors of the entire vote, not exceeding fifteen hundred dollars. two 5. For superior court judge or state senator, not exceeding hundred fifty dollars.

6. For any other office for which the electors of an entire county vote, not exceeding five hundred dollars. 7. For state representative, not exceeding two hundred fifty not dollars, but in counties electing more than one representative, exceeding one hundred fifty dollars by each candidate for representative.

8. For any office for which the electors of a district or a subdi- ex- vision of a county vote, other than state representatives, not ceeding one hundred fifty dollars. 9. For mayor in cities or towns having a population of five thousand or over, not exceeding three hundred fifty dollars.

10. For any other office for which the electors of an entire city not or town having a population of five thousand or over vote, exceeding two hundred fifty dollars. ward 11. For any office for which the electors of a city or town hundred or subdivision of a city or town vote, not exceeding two dollars.

12. For mayor in cities or towns having a population of less than five thousand, not exceeding two hundred fifty dollars.

13. For any other office for which the electors of an entire city or town having a population of less than five thousand vote, not exceeding two hundred dollars.

I IN - "TF, CRS-17 Arizona (continued)

3. Regulations on Contributions

corporations; penalty 16-471. Prohibition of contributions by or doing business A. It is unlawful for a corporation organized in the state to make any contribution of money or anything of value for the purpose of influencing an election.

B. A corporation or person acting on behalf thereof violating this section shall be punished by a fine of not less than five hundred nor more than two thousand dollars. C. The person through whom the violation is effected shall be further punished by imprisonment in the state penitentiary for not less than one nor more than three years.

4. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated

None.

C. Political Campaign Material

None.

D. Offenses Generally

CHAPTER 4

CAMPAIGN EXPENSES

ARTICLE 1. CAMPAIGN COMMITTEES See. - - 16-401. Campaign committee defined. 16-402. Officers of committees; selection as prerequisite to receipts and expenditures by committees; duties of committee treasurer. 16-403. Preservation of receipts of payments and disbursements. 16-404. Report to committee treasurer of monies received; record of - treasurer.

ARTICLE 2. PRIMARY ELECTIONS 16-421. "Itemized" defined. 16-422. Report designating financial agent; filing. 16-423.. Statement of expenses by candidates; time of filing;. preparation and distribution of forms. :16-424. Failure to file statement of expenses; penalty. FRI \ ND NE\! At ILCTON: A RTICE RTI( N

:pci 4 in

16 433 Failure to mrake and fIe sta r. en! C ntri tinr nd exuen itr rc penal.

ARTICLE 4, LNLXWFUL EXPENSES AND CXONTRIflUTIONS 15-471 Prthibi rf 0 ontriboion by c rpo rations, penalty 16-472. Unlawful pr molt n of lc on. pena ly. 15-473. Volunteering service for expected cc mrpernsation; penalt:

P NA PROVI IONS

KTil I. IN GCNRAE

tO cerren

Wv >enalty. v olanion 1f elei

ta ig with.

CONDUCT OP ELECTIONS ,RI 10. VOTING Proclamnation rhat polls are open as prerequisite to receiving billots. Polls lists to be kept by election clerk; post ng. Porrn or noll uist. Procedure for c btaining ballot by elector. Manner oa voting: assistance for certain electors. 16-896. Occupation of voting nooth by voter. 16-897. Absence ft rn ernoloyinent for purpose of 'oting: application therefor: -:ilawon; penalty. 16-898. Election tfticer ascertaining or disclosing elector's vote; penalty. 15-899. Election officer changing vpte of elector by menace or reward: penalty. - 16-900. False endorsement, wilful destruction or delay in delivery of ballot. nenalt.

.,.-N i M . av ^ .,',^ m q ''c.r -+t ~ -Fs~m.. t ~ ~ r ?.-w t"x. - .^: . CRS-19 Arizona (continued).

removal 16-901. Illegal voting; pollution of ballot box; or destruction of ballot box, poll lists or ballots; penalty. - 16-902. Unlawful acts by voters with respect to voting; penalty. 16-903. Unlawful acts by persons with respect to voting; penalty. CRS-20

ARKANSAS

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Ark. Stat. Ann. (1967)

Replacement and 1971 Supplement thereto.

A. Fraudulent Registration or Voting

Registration

3-1104 (4): No person shall cause or attempt to cause his

own name to be registered in a precinct in which he is not a resident. False Swearing.

3-1104(aa): No person shall swear falsely to any oath admin-

istered by the election judges with reference to their qualifications to vote.

Voting

3-1104 (v): No person shall, knowing himself not to be entitled

to vote, vote, or aid and abet in the violation of this provision.

3-1105 (k): No person shall vote in any election in this

State unless said person is a qualified elector in this State and has

registered to vote in the manner provided by law.

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting

seek public 3-1102. Filing of expenses.--Any canddate that shall after such election office in any election shall, within sixty (60) days a verified, sworn account of each expenditure of more is held, submit public office, $25 made or permitted to be made in seeking said than shall be filed in county and local races, the account of expenditures with the secretary of the respective party county committee in party the County Clerk in any general election. In district primaries and with with the or state races, the account of expenditures shall be filed secretary of the respective party state committee in party primaries, and with the Secretary of State in the general election. records of the The account of expenditure shall become a part of the }1 respective secretary. CRS-21

Arkansas (continued).

2. Expenditure Limitations None.

3. Regulations on Contributions None.

4. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated None.

C. Political Campaign Material

1. Identification of Sponsor Sec. 3-1104 Misdemeanors.

(i) No statement, communication, and/or advertisement of a political nature, may be published in a newspaper or other periodical within the State of Arkansas; and no circular, pamphlet, letter, form letter,. statement, advertisement, and/or other similar matter of a political nature, may be printed or distributed in this State, unless such statement, communication, advertisement, circular, pamphlet, form letter, mimeographed, printed, duplicated, and/or other similar matter, plainly bears the name or names and post-office addresses of the individuals, firms, committees, or other group or groups sponsoring and bearing the cost of same. If the sponsors thereof be not the same persons, groups, committees, or organizations, bearing the cost thereof, then the names of both the sponsor and those bearing the cost, shall plainly appear upon such advertising matter; and if. the sponsor, or sponsors, and/or those bearing the cost thereof, are a group, committee, association, council, or other body, then the names of the three [3] principal officers of such sponsoring and/or paying groups, committees, associations, coun- cils, or other bodies,-together with the correct post-office address of each, shall also be printed thereon.

D. Offenses Generally

CHAPTER 11-POLITICAL PRACTICES ACT-OFFENSES AND PENALTIES FORMER CHAPTER 11 OF THIS TITLE HAS BEEN REPEALED IN ITS ENTIRETY BY ACTS 1969, NO. 465, ART. 13, 9, AND THE NEW LAW SUBSTITUTED THEREFOR. PROVISIONS FORMERLY CONTAINED IN THIS CHAPTER ARE NOW FOUND IN. CHAPTER 9. -

SECTION. -. s SECTION.- 3-1101. Action on contract. 3-1107. Communist or subversive parties 341102z Filing of expenses. unlawful-Affidavit of newly 3-1103. Political practice pledge. organized parties. - 3-1104.. Misdemeanors... - . 3-1108. Political broadcasts - Liability 3-1105.. Felonies. - for defamatory statements. 3-1106. Participation. in- elections- by 3-1109--3-1137. [Repealed.] - judges. 0- . , CRS-22

CALIFORNIA

Code Unless otherwise designated, references are to West's Ann. Election and the 1972 Supplement thereto.

A. Fraudulent Registration or Voting

R egistration

220: Provides penalty for any person procuring himself or that other any other person to be registered as a voter, knowing that he or

person is not entitled to registration.

False Swearing

763 (Supp): It is unlawful to swear falsely to affidavit to vote in required under provision for registration of.new residents

presidential election.

Voli ig to 29430: It is unlawful for any person, not being entitled

vote, to vote or fraudulently attempt to vole at that election.

14403: Every person not entitled to vote who fraudulently is votes, and every person who votes more than once at any one election,

guilty of a felony.

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting

11560. Filing of verified campaign statement and the treas- as provided in Section 11561, each candidate Except statement urer of each committee shall make and file a campaign following the election or primary, as the case may be. a primary election A campaign statement filed with respect to the candidate or be verified. The verification shall state that shall and treasurer has used all reasonable diligence in its preparation, he is able to make it. that it is true and is as full and explicit as (Stats.1961, c. 23, p. -,1 11560.) a

t~lo a muni ipa.l offieot for A t~t' ~ u~ae fOr a apgxtlmetPo bcdy of .~ * district need not fie not ox dtw nr I( r " ) anJ nse ,f his campaign do WA Aahdates romifladta sa I ' Ifidatesand' or PSdiI " ' struSt ht ufoect it their campflun (t ~ a. aG i 9 ds ed t vo A doa(O)( ~ handed $tats I&4

11503. "campaign statement" means an itemized statement prepared in "Campaign statement" show- by a candidate and by the treasurer of a committee duphicate 11504: ing under each of the subdivisions of Section or otherwise detail all moneys paid, loaned, contributed, (a) In or treasurer or for furnished, directly or indirectly, to the candidate candidate $ nomination use of the candidate or treasurer, in aid of the or election. directly or indi- (b) All money contributed, loaned, or expended, any other person, rectly, by the candidate or treasurer or trough iad of the candidate's nomination or election. of all persons who paid, loaned, contributed, or (c) The names nomiunation otherwise furnished such money in aid of the candidate's or election. money was con- (d) The names of all persons to whomn such tributed, loaned or paid. (e) The specific nature of eich item. were per- (f) The service performed and by whom any services formed. contributed (g) The purpose for which the money was expended, or loaned. (Stats.1961, c. 23, p.-, 11503.)

2. Expenditure Limitations None

3. Regulations on Contributions None

. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated

.-. :,,ry: ,.. . v:, . , _-. re. .. ,. ,r, t.. : .«,. . :;.s F ; m v v,^ . ^L*4 w,,M .: F-u, n ., ,eyrw t .w,. .,y. .:; nc , .. rt .S.a N, .w.. w.'._ - , a ar.. .. ,aR, t ,R , "', .,. .. ". i _. ,_ ,, ._ .g,, CRS-2+ California (continued)

11504. Lawful expenses Lawful expenses are expenses for the following purposes only: (a) For the preparing, printing, circulating, and verifying of nomination papers and for the candidate's official filing fee.

(b) For the personal traveling expenses of the candidate and of campaign personnel. (c) For rent, furnishing and maintaining headquarters and halls and rooms for public meetings, including light, heat, and telephone. (d) For payment of the following personnel: 1. Campaign managers. 2. Advertising agencies and publicity agents. 3. Stenographers and clerks. 4. Precinct workers. 5. Speakers. 6. Entertainers. (e) For the preparing, printing, and posting of billboards, signs and posters. (f) For the preparing, printing, and distribution of literature by direct mail, including postage, throwaways, and handbills. (g) For newspaper advertising. (h) For radio and television advertising and speech time. (i) For office supplies, precinct lists, postage other than that provided for in subdivision (f), expressage, and telegraphing relative to candidacy. (j) For making canvasses of voters and public opinion surveys. (k) For conveying voters to and from the polls. (1) For supervising the registration of voters. (m) For watching the polling and counting of votes cast. (n) For photographs, mats, cuts, art work, and displays. (o) For petty cash items relative to candidacy. (Stats.1961, c. 23, p.--, 11504.)

C. Political Campaign Material

11592. Printed matter or other printed matter Every bill, placard, poster, pamphlet shall bear upon having reference to an election or to any candidate and publisher. its face the name and address of the printer allowed unless the name No payment therefor shall be made or 11592.) and address is so printed. (Stats.1961, c. 23, p.--,

g 12147. Unidentifled circulars, pamphlets or posters Every person is guilty of a misdemeanor whoewrites or causes to be written,designed print- posted, or distributed any circular, pamphlet, letter, or poster which publicis office ed, any candidate for nomination or election to any to injure or defeat there appears up- by reflecting upon bila personal character or political action, unless In a conspicuous place, the name and on the etre iiar. Dpmpl, letter, or poster, of the printer and either: and ad- address and address of the chairman and secretary or the names (a) The name issuing it; or Tresses of at least two officers of the political or other organization and residenceaddress, with the street and number, if any, of some (b) The ame 940, ( Th*+person. who La responsible for it. (As amended Stats.1965, c. 58, p. ! 1.)

IN14 11- 11 1 California (continued) CRS-2 5

D. Offenses Generally

Chapter 3 PENAL PROVISIONS Section Article 1. Felonies ------12000 2. Misdemeanors ------12040

Article 1

FELONIES Section 12000. Receipt of bribes. 12001. Receipt of consideration for prior action. 12002. Receipt of bribe for vote or aid to candidate in securing nomination or endorsement. 12003. Payment of bribe. 12004. Offer or promise of employment. 12005. Gift or consideration to one to procure election or vote of another. 12006. Procuring or promising to procure election or vote of another. 12007. Payment of money for use as bribe. 12008. Payment of consideration to establish residence of another. 12009. Payment of money for use in evading arrest. 12010. Payment for obtaining nomination or endorsement. 12011. Payment to obtain withdrawal of candidate. 12012. Penalties for violation. 1201Z. Scope of article

Article 2

MISDEMEANORS Section 12040. Procuring attendance of voters. 12041. Furnishing money or property to promote election of candidate. 12042. Receiving aid from licensee. 12013. Giving aid by licensee. 12)44. Appointment to office for procuring election. 12045. Communicating offer of appointment. 12046. Hindering or preventing public meeting. 12047. Unidentified circulars, pamphlets or posters. 12048. Uniderified circulars, pamphlets or posters not privileged. 12049. Unidentified circulars, pamphlets or posters promoting passage or defeat of measure appearing on ballot. 12050. Pledge to vote for or against legislation. 12051. Pretending to be incumbent of public office or acting in capacity of p: le officer; enjoining violation; civil action. 12052. Misreprese 'ation by candidate for public office of states ad incumbent; misdemeanor; enjoining violations. 12053. Violating of chapter 1. 12054. Disqualification from office. 12055. Violation by association; penalty; informers. 12056. Scope of article. 12057. Misrepresentation as to support of candidate.

------CRS-26

California (continued) CHAPTER 5

Campaign Funds

Article 1

SOLICITATION

Section

12300. "Person." 12301. Required consent for solicitation. 12302. Violation; penalty. CRS-27 0

COLORADO

Unless otherwise designaged, references are to Colo. Rev. Stats. Ann.

(1963) and to the 1971 Supplement thereto and to the Election Laws of the State

of Colorado (1969).

A. Fraudulent Registration or Voting

Un.::s otherwise designated, references are to Colo. Rev.

Stats. Ann. (1963) and to the 1971 Supplement thereto and to the Election

Laws of the State of Colorado (1969).

Registration

49-21-14: It is unlawful for a person to procure his own or

anyone else's registration in a precinct in which such person is not

entitled to register.

False Swearing

49-24-10: It is perjury for anyone to make a false statement

or affidavit required under provision for registration of new residents.

Voting

49-21-35: It is unlawful for any person to fraudulently

vote or offer to vote in any precinct in which he does not reside. 49-21-37: It is unlawful for any person to vote more than

once in any election.

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting CRS-2 8

Colorado (continued).

49-21-51. Reporting campaign expenses.-(1) Every candidate who is voted for at any primary, general, or special election shall file an itemized statement showing, in detail, all of the moneys contributed or expended by him in aid of his election. Candidates at the primary election shall file the statement within ten days after the primary election. Candidates at a general or special election shall file the statement within thirty days after such election. The statement shall give the names of the various persons who received such money, the specific nature of each item, and the purpose for which it was expended or contributed. There shall be attached to such statement an affidavit, subscribed and sworn to by such candidate before an officer authorized to administer oaths, setting forth, in substance, that the statement thus made is in all respects true, and that the same is a full and detailed statement of all moneys so contributed or expended by him in aid of his election. Candidates for office to be filled by the electors of the entire state, or any division or district thereof greater than a county, and candidates for either house of the general assembly, for district judge, and for district attorney shall file their statements with the secretary of state. Candidates for county offices, and for all other offices not otherwise above expressly provided for, shall file their statements with the county clerk of the county wherein such election occurs. (2) Within thirty days after each general or special election, the chairman and secretary of the state, congressional, judicial, senatorial, representative, and county central committees of each political party presenting candidates, shall make and file a statement, under oath, setting forth in detail all sums of money received, from whom received, and to whom and for what purpose such money was paid by such committee during the preceding general or special election. Statements of state, congressional, judicial, senatorial, and representative central committees shall be filed with the secretary of state and of county central committees with the county clerk. (3) The statements filed in accordance with this section shall be preserved by the officers with whom they are filed until the next general election, and shall be open to the inspection of the public. (4) Any person who shall violate the provisions of this section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof be punished as provided in section 49-21-4(2). So.ree: L. 6WP.47, 5264

2. Expenditure Limitations None

3. Regulations on Contributions None

l. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated None CRS-29

Colorado (continued)

C. Political Campaign Material

49.21-50. Anonymous statements concerning candidates.-Any person who willfully publishes or distributes any card, pamphlet, circular, poster, dodger, advertisement, or other writing relating to or concerning any person who has publicly declared or has caused or permitted to be publicly declared his intention to seek election to any congressional, state, district, county, or precinct office in a primary, general or special election or at. a precinct caucus, assembly, or convention of a political party, which does not contain the names of the persons, associations, committees, or corporations responsible for the publication or distribution of the same, and the name of the president, chairman, or responsible official of each such association, committee, or corporation, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof shall be punished

as provided in section 49-21-4(2). This section shall not apply to any person who, by himself or by his agent, publishes or distributes any writing relating to or concerning himself.

D. Offenses Generally

ARTICLE 21. OFFENSES-GENERAL, PRIMARY AND SPECIAL ELECTIONS 49-21-1. District attorney or at- 49-21-17. Adding names after reg- torney general to prose- istration closed. cute. 49-21-18. Disposition of affidavit 49-21-2. Sufficiency of complaint registration forms. -judicial notice. 49-21-19. Fraudulent voting in pre- 49-21-3. Immunity of w i t n e s s cinct caucus assembly from prosecution. or convention. 49-21-4. Penalties for election of- 49-21-20. Offenses at precinct cau- fenses. . cus, assembly, or con- 49-21-5. Fines go into county gen- vention. eral fund. 49-21-21. Bribery of petition sign- 49-21-6. Perjury. ers. 49-21-7. Forgery. 49-21-22. Unlawful giving or prom- 49-21-8. Interfering with or im- ising money. ; peding registration. 49-21-23. Unlawful receipt of 49-21-9. Interfering with election money official. 49-21-24. Employer's unlawful acts. 49-21-10. Interfering with watch- 49-21-25. Intimidation. er. 49-21-26. Wagers with electors. 49-21-11. Violation of duty. 49-21-27. Electioneering. 49-21-12. Fraud at precinct cau- 49-21-28. Liquor in or near polls. cus, assembly, or con- 49-21-29. Tampering with nomina- vention. tion papers. 49-21-13. Unlawful qualification as 49-21-30. Tampering with notices taxpaying elector. or supplies. 49-21-14. Procuring false registra- 49-21-31. Tampering with registration. tion book or poll book. 49-21-15. County clerk or registra- 49-21-32. Tampering w i t h voting tion committee- signing machine. wrongful registration. 49-21-33. Inducing defective bal- 49-21-16. Signature on registration lot. sheet is proof of oath. {R.-

ar S11 i

with ' te it ut0 ie abi ynt t.

19 ( nt1f c tin

idtPehig ~y bAt r f ' nts Utering in ogn cx-

t14 I1 Political Car * a si heticton

(RTICLE 23. GFFENSES-4lTHER ThAN GE WERAL, ERIMAW' SPECIAL AND MUNICIPAL e 5Vflfl ns -penalty. n g or pr las 49-: aty tor tse z 49-2. alty for procun ept ofmoney or a registry. ad d in germ with voters l- 49-2 -20. alty for 19- ~es to registry. *2L. as nor 4

_,.n awr.v 'S n.. , ._: T t. "..r.... r, r """to _:,-1.,..cM .... y, -+ :. .- alrsT .\:"-'S ,. ,M1 r'..-. .15.'fi"t TT [er..^' ^ SY'i.Ye ; c. rJ I:'ny:: Yt! .w' "+{" j R^i:s,.-- S.}..:+ i. ^ r u Y .r.. n.Y r)n . ,, n ... ' CRS-30

CONNECTICUT

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Conn. Gen. Stat. Ann. and the 1972-73 Supplement thereto.

A. Fraudulent Registration or Voting

Registration

9-357: Provides penalty for any person who fraudulently

procures himself or another to be registered as an elector. False Swearing

9-358: Provides penalty for any person who, upon oath or affirmation, corruptly testifies before any registrar of voters or board for admission of electors, to any material fact concerning qualifications of any person to be registered.

9-163h: It is illegal to make a false statement or affidavit required in the registration of new residents for presidential elections. Voting

9-360: Provides for penalty for any person not legally qualified, who fraudulently votes in any election in which he is not qualified to vote, and for any person who votes more than once at the same election.

B. Campaign Financing

Sec. 9-348a. Application of provisions. The provisions of this part shall apply to the election of presidential electors, United States senator, member in con gress, governor, lieutenant governor, secretary of the state, treasurer, comptroller, attorney general, sheriff, judge of probate and member of the general assembly and shall apply to al primaries preliminary thereto. (1967 P. A. 592, Sec. 1) CRS-31 Connecticut (continued)

1. Reporting

9-348h. Statements by treasurers and candidates Within thirty days following an election or. in the case of an unsuccessful cam- candidate in a primary, within thirty days folowing such primary, each pro- paign treasurer -ind any candidate who has incurred personal expenses as oath, on -i..l:-d in section 9-34e shall report to the secretary of the state under each contribu- forms provided by said secretary, an itemized accounting of and ton, including the full name and complete address of each contributor each expendi- to- amount of the contribution, and an itemized accounting of tu:, including the full name and complete address of each payee. the amount a state- of the expeoditure and the purpose of the expenditure, together with contribu- ment of the balance on hand or deficit, as the case may be, provided total- tions from a single individual to a campaign treasurer in the aggregate ling fifteen dollars or less need not be identified by full name and complete r!'Ire ss in that campaign treasurer's report. A similar itemized sworn state- or be- meet ssal it filed by the treasurer of each state central committee on the twentieth day of December following a state election. Such state- fore of n.,'.s shall remain public records of the state for theJura :on of the term shall the ffice su.;;ht by the candidate to whom they relate. Such treasurer dk in such report an itemized accounting Of the receipts and expenditures relative to any t-stimonial affair held under the provisions of section 3-348n, such prv;Ide-, in the event of a testimonial affair held after such e-ction, the Itemaized accounting of receipts and expenditures shall be reported to sec- of the date tay of the state by the campaign treasurer within thirty days of s.ild testimonial affair. In the event of a deficit or surplus the campaign to treas_'rer of a candidate shall file supplemental reports every ninety days sur- see,!r; of the state under oath until such deficit is eliminated or the. previ- plus istrihnted identifying a further contributions received since the ous and stating the committee to which any surplus has been distributed report of a in accordance with this section. The campaign treasurer, in the event or surplus, shall distribute such surplus to either the state central committee such local town committee of the party of the candidate as determined by candidare.

2. Expenditure Limitations None

3. Regulations on Contributions a. Corporations Sec. 9-348i. Corporations not to contribute. No contributions or payments or favors of any kind shall be made or offered by or solicited from any corporation to promote the success or defeat of any candidate for public office or of any political party or principle or for any other political purpose, provided this prohibition shall not apply to any incorporated town committee established under section 9-392. (1967, P.A. 592, Sec. 11; 1971, P.A. 736, Sec. 2) b. Contributions in the Name of Another Sec. 9-34K. Acts prohibited as corrupt practices. (g) any person who, directly or indirectly, by himself or through another person, makes a payment or promise of payment to a campaign treasurer in any other name than his own, and any treasurer who knowingly receives a payment or promise of payment, or enters or causes the same to be entered in his accounts in any other name than that of the person by whom such payment or promise of payment is made; 2 Connecticut (continued) CRS-3

4. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated

9-348g. Payments permitted treasurer Any campagn treasurer in connection with any election, caucus or primary may &ay the following erp'ns. s: (a) Of hiring public halls and music for political meetings, furnishing music, uniforms, banners or fireworks for political clubs or public parades and advertising such meetings or parades; (b) of printing and circulating political newspapers, pamphlets and books; (c) of printing and distributing sample ballots or ballot labels; (d) of renting rcoizns to be used by political committees; (e) of compensating clerks and other persons employed in committee rooms and at the polls, and of furnishing reasonable entertainment to such persons necessarily employed in committee rooms and at the polls and to members of political committees of the same political party to which such treasurer belongs; (f) for the travel of treasurers, committees and public speakers and reasonable compensation to public speakers ; (g) of necessary postage, telegrams, telephoning, printing and express charges; (h) of preparing, circulating and filing petitions for nomination; (I) of conveyance of electors to the polls; (j) of purchasing radio and tele vision time, advertisements in newspapers and other communication media and advertising materials. (1967, P.A. 592, 1 8, eff. Jan. 1, 1968.) Library references Elections 4=121(1). C.J.S. Elections 1 83 et seq.

C. Political Campaign Material None

E Penalties Generally

CHAPTER 150

CORRUPT PRACTICES S"c. Sec. -448e. Application of provisions 9-348h. Statements by treasurers and *-ew], candidates [New]. 8-348b. Political committees and treas- 9-3481. Corporations not to contribute. wrers [New]. Exception [New]. 9-348c. Coitosontributionew].9-348J. Payment of election contest * 8-488of Depsitontrbutinsxpenses [New]. 9- 4d D etatio ]e]34e.LI on incurring of et- - 343k. Acts prohibited as corrupt L practices [New]. penses [New]. 9-3481. Penalty [New]. . -44f. Payment of expenses [New]. 9-348m. Forms [New]. 9-846g. Payments permitted treasurer 9-348n. Testimonial affairs limited [New]. [New].

CHAPTER 151 PROHIBITED ACTS AND PENALTIES Sec. 9-349. Unlawful sessions of board for admission. 9-350. Failure to warn election. . 9-351. Delay in counting or declaring vote. 9-352. Tampering with machine by election official. 9-353. False return. 9-354. Improper printing of ballot label. 9-355. Official neglect or fraud. CRS-33 Connecticut (continued)

9-356. Neglect to elect grand jurors [Repealed]. 9-357. Fraudulent registration. 9-358. False swearing before registrar, moderator or board. 9-359. Absentee ballots. 9-360. Fraudulent voting. 9-361. Primary or enrolment violations. 9-362. Decision of election officials no bar to prosecution. 9-363. Circulation of misleading instructions. 9-364. Influencing elector to refrain from voting. 9-365. Employers' threats. 9-366. Interference with electors in voting. 9-367. Tampering with voting machine. 9-368. Arrest of accused. CRS-34

DELAWARE

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Del. Code Ann. and to the 1970 Supplement thereto, Title 15.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Registration

2302 (Supp): Provides penalty for whoever causes or attempts

to cause himself to be registered in any election district in this State,

knowing that he. has not the right to be registered, or to register in

more than one election district.

False Swearing

5137(a), (b): whoever is convicted of willful false swearing

in taking any oath, or advising or procuring any person to swear falsely

upon any affirmation or oath prescribed by this title, is guilty of

perjury.

Voti11

5130: Provides penalty for anyone who votes or attempts

to vote in any election district without having a lawful right to vote

therein, or to vote more than once or in more than one election district. CRS-35 Delaware (continued) -"- B. Campaign Financing None

C. Political Campaign Material None

D. Offenses Generally

CHAPTER 23. PENAL AND ENFORCEMENT PROVISIONS Sec. 2301. Neglect of. duty; corrupt or fraudulent conduct..- 2302. Wrongful registration; assault; riot; breach of peace. 2303. Registration books; fraudulent entries, alterations, obliterations or omissions; loss; destruction; mutilation;. secretion; false copies. 2304. Alcoholic liquor in registration places. - - 2305. Intimidation of registration officers. ."- f' 2306.. Notice to Attorney General of violations of registration laws.

CHAPTER 51. CRIMINAL OFFENSES SUBCHAPTER . GENERAL PROVISIONS Sec. 5101. Jurisdiction of court. 5102. Prosecution by Attorney General; duty to report violations, 5103. Irregularities or defects in election as a defense. 5104.' Honest belief as a defense.

SUBCHAPTER IL PARTICULAR OFFENSES 5111. Neglect of duty by Department member; corrupt or fraudulent conduct. -. , 5112. Refusal of Inspector or Judge of Election to serve. - 5113. Refusal of Clerk of Election to qualify or serve.. 5114. Failure of Clerk of Peace to perform duties. 5115. Conduct of printer of ballots and ballot envelopes.^._- 5116. Conduct connected with ballots. 5117. Tampering with election supplies prior to opening of election. 5118. Unauthorized entering of voting room. 5119. Unauthorized entering of voting room; interference with election. Omitted - 5120. Electioneering or engaging in political discussion in polling place. 5121. Feigning a physical disability to obtain assistance in voting. 512. Secreting person in election room. 5123. Removal or destruction of election supplies and equipment. 5124. Disclosures by election officers. CRS-36 Delaware (continued)

5125. Intimidation, persuasion, bribery by election officer.' 5126. Inducing the making of distinguishing mark on ballot. 5127. Inducing election officers to violate election laws. 5128. Violations by officials. 5129. Bribery of expectant election or registration officer. 5130. Fraudulent voting. 5131. False entries by Clerk of Election. 5132. Failure of election officer to perform duties. 5133. False count or certification by election officer. 5134. Fraudulent deposit or alteration of ballots. 5135. Wilful neglect of duty by election officers. 5136. Stealing, destroying or secreting records. 5137. Perjury; subornation of perjury. 5138. Tampering with ballots or deceiving voters. 5139. Disobeying election officers. 5140. Breach of peace or violence on election day..: 5141. Interference with election officer or challenger. 5142. Failure of Inspector to preserve order. 5143. Stealing or destroying ballot box, ballot, poll list, etc. 5144. Requiring unauthorized oath. 5145. Candidate for General Assembly not to make written pledge. SUBCHAPTER IIL OFFENSES CARRYING CIVIL LIABILITY 5161. Intimidation of election'officers 5162. Intimidation of electors."';:" - 5163. Liability of corporation or officers. r ':j- 5164. Liability of stake-holder for paying election bet. -

Nil CRS-37

FLORIDA

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Fla. Stats.

Ann., 1972-1973 Supplement thereto, and 1972 Session Laws.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Registration

95.051, Ch. 72-63, 1972 Session Laws: Provides that any

person making application for registration must execute a written state-

ment under oath that he has never previously registered to vote in

any other jurisdiction or that he has been registered, stating the place

of the last prior registration and the name under which he was regis-

tered and requesting the proper official in that jurisdiction to strike

his registration from the record.

False Swearing

104.11 (Supp): Provides penalty for whoever is found guilty

of false swearing, or procuring another to swear falsely, to any oath or

affirmation arising out of voting, registration, or elections. CRS-38

Florida (continued).

Voting'

104.041 (Supp): It is a felony for any person to perpetrate

or attempt to perpetrate or aid in the perpetration of any fraud in

connection with any vote cast or to be cast, or attempted to cast.

104.15 (Supp): It is a felony for one, knowing he is not a

qualified elector, to willfully vote at any election.

104.10(Supp): It is a felony to cast more than one vote at any election.

104.181 (and Supp): It is unlawful for any person to vote

in any election in the state within one year of the time such person has

voted in any election in any other state or country in which residence in

such state or country at the time of the election there was a necessary

qualification to such person's right to vote there.

The provision of this section shall not apply to those persons

voting in national elections in accordance with section 97.031 (new res-

idents voting in presidential elections).

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting

(8) Reports; certification and filing.- - (a) Each person who has- appointed.a campaign treasurer and designated a campaign depository shall report to his campaign treasurer-all expenditures made .by such person, and each campaign treasurer shall. make a full and complete report of all moneys or other things of value contributed to him and to all deputy. campaign treasurers: of such person. Each, campaign treasurer shall -file- a.report-containing the-name, residence, and mailing address. of each of .the contributors and..the amount contributed: by each and a complete- statement. of all expenditures- authorized, incurred or made -by him- and by all deputy- campaign-.treasurers .since the date of the preceding report.:The report shall -be made. ona.the:.first Monday of each calendar quarter.from the time.the campaign-treasurer is appointed until--the person files his qualification papers and pays. his. qualifying fees; as provided by

I I1 11 ml Now ...... -- , - - z ------', - I ------.. I------I- I I I , - - 1--- -1 - . ow" 11 'di

'atlon When a per on becoiPs an official can I ate by Li Per rs and ;aymrg his qualifying fc's, has eamal in tr, a a atain ng ife amo taft raTho as rept ris filet h (4) of this sib sction until the date of election Ld te, at tht' foiitiwtnW in ervais: wwek preceding the ci C 1. For all ci ride of fies7On Monday of each tion Frtl rof fires On the first and third Monday of each month itit p fnali& fiat c l Pb ao i di he r tead forty five (i;) days after the gen'a ia Ianite ipates in the a' eat election. orecrr ()All repot 'rouirwdhy tils sibeCtlon Shll befiw ih th before' whom ti e~ perso or tjandtdate Is reqnired hy law to aaify no aid alt anon reports shal Ie oPt en to public mha noon of thto day designated, o time Dn -ccpy, daily certified, shall be f Ild by the carn iaxpection. vlicnte sin Ot with the clerk if thh- circuit court in the county In whih Ih pr of this tahsection, the o raginail canddat reit as, unless, nier the provisions aicom- dl with such clerk. Any report which as drtmed tot he to toe cut pt bythe Ificer to whom it Is submitted shaFl he mrtured trasue suni il w th an inplnation an to the reason why it was

(di The rental or purchase of public. address ei 'at shall not be me ;amded as trameling expense. to the correctness of ci The campajagn treasurer shall is rtfl as (e) xc responsibIlity for the at port, and the c'ardiditc shal aiso hear 1 and veracity of each report.

Limitation 6

apendltumes restricted to amounts on deposIt; linata on expi turn .- or t patty ii mpaign treasa rem shall (a N am in fur- author tnt trmit Sf a bhPa f of the eanuithiate at in the rherant t at hta there are mnnys on d p ta ant kitw xxi s tia cant aaiga fund titnt f tht aaesas at a titizd, 'ly' tututruzed. Any ada th axt as, >agn treasurer's rqpomt thereof, in a violation excess of ones on he deemed to constitute

fomi r lectin t the oft< )imarn, Nocandidate for nonmina I mdfonm nanat ga ramr or a iiid Ii entr ay other offi taie a mrga,i heUnitei St o hse o repme ii axe, Soft >se of re'iri tuitaxie, ny its. tar 'aty atatiipal office . tar at ty per sait a trea'aar mr ala jeulye:ansi aigat t'as tatr, omitttttet', pail ska shalh Ifhh if o nate' a aaaaxxtawoh h lath af inatio or t'e itet Shat c Mlita' rFear a itam and . eGlvrib t apri ra tat sect ta prittti taiiittin tttoatle estaenatataa tin g aemeail a hi funds shalt in iii treat faixt lhuu aitaa olir" teat the fIf n the nat asatatti tatmat sttail tat tarae taundred aft'r goxa itttautalt Iik .I ittia U pla Iha g axtritar atnd lie ute'ati 'tandidat in t lie ' IN at''

taitay eta t'ia' camap taia la', i ih aaaatat aila le exiattatitaat aft ititis shill he txwa haaaaaaa'd fifix ittuta it alat's t a' that gae erat elasiatta Itt i aaiuu a aaitaaxtat exi'a tit' tat tatatas sti itt I a' ixxa aiattm a lity Iliotsat atdtatiarc. 3.1 unt'd I iiitat aoa aaf rernat ti' uaa s -F a firtat NIit scN tutiI pitit try election taaatgath Ia aa'asaaaaaa attowuale eat'idittua'e eat funats shalt he sa'etty-ftx ' alaau saan ahttars fair ilt' ga'aaarai a'le titat tha iaiaxiaatttt atitaiw- aible cxin i'titiia' tat ta'nas Niatll Is'M t'a'ay taitha""a da' ualaa's. 4. State st'ait' mtaa tiaut'i it rpi'eN'tataa"'-F'ar a tarst attia sea tt tart- auary etae'taia a'uaap'aig, tta' maiuiata atiaua tahla t'xtat'iti aa''fa fiatdal staall lie twnity fit a tha at t o lta' tear rte geuc rat a ttctiaa, the aaausiaauaia taleai' abtle a'xtt'aaiattua' tat futadas sltatl In' twnity'flxe thtaitand doalrtht

m CRS-40 Florida (continued)

either by district or 3. Any other office, including judicial office, elected election county wide or any municipal office-For a first and secondprimary be twenty-five the maximum allowable expenditure of funds shall campaign, allowable expendi- thousand dollars; for the general election, the maximum that when mu- ture of funds shall be twenty-five thousand dollars, provided expenditures of lesser nicipaities have requirements of maximum allowable amounts, such lesser amount shall prevail. primaries shall- be For purpose of this paragraph (b), the first and second deemed a single campaign. in excess of the the event that contributions are made to a candidate (c) In to the state amounts permitted to be expended, the excess shall be escheated days. ater the and shall be remitted to the department of state within sixty excess cam- second. primary or the general election as the. case may be. The- fund. paign contributions shall be deposited in the state's general revenue (d) Any moneys actually expendedfor services rendered prior to July 1;1970 will not be -included in'determining the maximum allowable for expenditures. Amended by Laws 1970, c. 70-267, S 2, eff. July 1; 1970.

3. Regulations on Contributions

99.161 Contributions; expenditures, etc. (I) Certain persons prohibited from making contributions.-No per-on holding a pari-mutuel permit for horse racing of any kinl, dog racing or a jai alai fronton; no member of an unincorporated association holding such a permit ; no officer, director, or supervisory employee of a corporation holding such a permit: and no trustee authorized by trust agreement to vote persons stock in such a corporation when such stock is owned by person or sui juris shall make, directly or indirectly, any contribution of any nature to any political party or to any candidate for nomination for, or election to, political office in the state.

(2) Maximum contributions; indirect and prohibited contributions; advertising; initial date of expenditures. (a) No person shall contribute to a candidate for election or nomination to political office in the state, directly or indirectly, in moneys, material, or supplies, or by way of loan, of value in excess of the following amounts: 1. To a candidate for countywide office, one thousand dollars; 2.. To a candidate for legislative or multi-county office, one thousand dollars; 3. To a candidate for statewide office, three thousand dollars and; 4. To a candidate for congressional office, two thousand dollars. The contribution limits set herein shall not apply to amounts contributed by a candidate to his own campaign. The limits set herein shall apply collectively to the primaries and again in the general election. (b) No person shall give, furnish or contribute moneys, material, supplies or make loans in support of a candidate for election or nomination, through or in the name of another, directly or indirectly, in any primary or general election. The solicitation from and contributions by candidates and party executive committees to any religious, charitable, civic, eleemosynary or other causes or organizations established primarily for the public good is expressly prohibited ; provided that it shall not be construed as a violation of this section for a candidate to continue regular personal contributions to religious, civic or charitable groups of which he is a member or to which he has been a regular contributor for more than six months. (c) No person shall contribute, directly or indirectly, through or in the name of another person, in moneys, material, or supplies or by way of loan, to any elected public official or to any other person intending to qualify as a candidate for nomination or election to political office in the state, and no elected public official or any other person intending to qualify as a candidate for nomination or election in the state shall accept any such contribution until the official or other person files with the officer before whom he must qualify the name and address of his appointed campaign treasurer and the name and address of his designated campaign depository. After the official or other person files such information, his campaign treasurer shall file a quarterly report of contributions received and expenditures made by or on behalf of such official or other person. No report shall be required of any person who has not received any contributions or made any expenditures.

W IN"ll opoll .. 11 11 . Florida (continued) CRS-41

(d) No candidate or party executive committee, or person or organization on behalf of such candidates or committee, shall expend any moneys or gie anything of value for advertising in any publication or newspaper not qualified for legal advertising as provided by law, unless the publication or newspaper has been published at least once per month for not less than a period of three years prior thereto, and has a circulation of at least one thousand; provided, further, that no such political advertising shall be done in any club or association bulletin, program, news sheet, magazine, pamphlet or hand bill. (e) No person, committee, political party, organization, or person acting on behalf of another, shall, prior to his becoming a candidate, directly or indirectly spend money and make any expenditure for the following purposes promoting his candidacy: 1. Advertising on radio or television. 2. Advertising in newspapers, magazines or periodicals. 3. Advertising on billboards, banners or streamers. 4. Advertising on campaign literature or any other printing. 5. Renting of hall in which to address the public. Provided that such person, committee, political party, organization or person acting on his behalf shall be permitted to reserve but make no use of advertising time and space and office facilities prior to qualification.

4. Lawful Expenditures

(14) Polls, surveys, etc., acts prohibited, exceptions, penalty. (a) No person or public office holder in the furtherance of his candidacy for nomination or election for public office in any election, shall himself, or by any other person, or state or county executive committee, or on behalf of any person, directly or indirectly, give, pay or expend any money or give or pay anything of value, or authorize any expenditures or become pecuniarily liable for any political poll, survey, index or measurement of any kind or the publication, production or distribution thereof, relating to candidacy for public office. (b) No person shall solicit either directly or indirectly from any candidate for nomination or election for public office, or from any public office holder, any money or thing of value for the conduct of any poll, survey, index or measurement of any kind or the publication, production or distribution thereof, relating to candidacy for public office. (c) Provided however, this subsection shall not apply to any poll conducted by the candidate himself, where the candidate maintains control of the manner, method, time, advertisement and complete jurisdiction over the said poll in all its aspects. (d) Any person violating the provisions of this subsection shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in 775.082 or 775.083. Added by Laws 1963, c. 6-520, 4 1. Amended by Laws 1965, c. 65-378, i15, eff. Aug. 3, 1965: Laws 1969, c. 69-106, 0 10, 35, eff. July 1, 1969: Laws 1971, c. 71-136, 116, eff. Jan. 1, 1972.

C. Political Campaign Material

104.37 Political literature, circulated prior to election; requirements (1) All political advertisements and all campaign literature published or circulated prior to or on the day of any election shall be signed by the author thereof, and if the same is being published and circulated by a club or committee, then it shall be signed by the chairman and secretary of such club or committee, and if such literature is in circular form it shall have upon it the name of the printer or publisher. All political advertisements shall be marked "paid political advertisements paid for by CRS-42 Florida (continued)

candidates running (2) All printed political advertisements of bear the name of the political for office in general elections shall is affiliated. This provision is party with which the candidate include all media such as intended to be broad in scope and shall newspaper and posters, signs, billboards, cards, circulars, letters, of advertising. magazine advertisements and any other form endorsing or using the name Any circular, printed material, etc., in comparable printing of the candidate, shall expressly set forth by name has been ob- whether the permission of the candidate tained permitting this printing. a general elec- (3) When any candidate running for office in it shall be distinctly tion uses the media of radio or television, the name of the politi- announced in such broadcasts or telecasts, cal party with which such candidate is affiliated. (4) It shall le uciawfcl for any pson to p:blish any ci CO- lar, advertisement, list of carjaidates names, or other form of an- tjuln ment tt he ublic in whichh their nme of any other ca:idi- Oc e. grojp, in ui za !ii;ltilo is ua(d in support of his candidacy uil'rss rier to such publication the candidate shall have given his; specific 'ppro'>lto uiake such publication. Provided, that this srto' !" :11 t apply to: ia) Edioral endorsement by any newspaper, radio, or televi- si:,n stati'?r..o recognized news media. (b) Pbic ti'oin iby a party committee advocating the candida- e' of its or (c) Pillicatioi of sample ballots or partial sample ballots vovided that sich ballots contain the iiane Of all candidates in their proper order of the races therein mentioned, if a partial ballot contains all races without omission from the top of the ballot to and including the last race shown thereon, and show no indication of preference or recommendation in regard to a candidate shown thereon without his prior specific consent. (5) Any person who willfully violates the provisions of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor of the first degree, pun- isiable as provided in 775.082 or 775.083.

D. Offenses Generally

CHAPTER 99 AND CONTESTING ELECTIONS CANDIDATES, CAMPAIGN EXPENSES

qualifying 99.012 Restrictions on individuals for public office. 99.021 Form of candidate oath. 99.023 Oath of write-in candidate. 99.032 Qualification of candidates for county commission and district school board. 99.061 Nomination of candidates for state, county and United States offices; sworn statement, receipt and filing fee. Nomination for judge of inferior court 99.071 and solicitor. 99.081 United States senators elected in general election. Florida (continued) CRS-h3

99.091 Representatives to congress. 99.092 Filing fee of candidate; notification of department of state. 99.101 Filing fee required of candidate for committeeman and committeewoman. 99.103 Department of state to remit part of filing fees and party assessments of candidates to state executive committee. 99.111 Notification to supervisor of unopposed candidates. 99.121 Department of state and supervisor to certify state, congressional, district and county nominations to county commissioners. 99.151 Preservation of certificates of nominations. 99.152 Independent candidates for statewide office; name on general election. ballot. 99.153 Independent candidates for other offices. 99.161 Contributions; expenditures, etc. 99.172 Limitation of expenditures allowed in furtherance of candidacy at any election. 99.183 Statement to be kept for four years; admissible as evidence. 99.193 Testimonial affairs; contributions; disposition of funds. CHAPTER 104 PENALTIES ELECTION CODE; VIOLATIONS; 104.25 Betting on result of election. swearing. 104.011 False 104.26 Penalty for destroying booth. 104.012 Consideration for registration. 104.27 Penalties for violation of %99.161. 104.021 False certificate of nomination. 104.271 False, willful or malicious charges assistance against opposing candidates; 104.031 False declaration to secure pen- in preparing ballot. alty. casting vote. of 104.041 Fraud in connection with of funds by officers corrupt 104.272 Mishandling 104.051 Violations; neglect of duty; state or county executive committees. expendi- practices. 104.28 Violating provisions covering 104.061 Corruptly influencing voting. tures of candidates. for serv- to allow watchers 104.071 Remuneration by candidate 104.29 Inspectors refusing ices, support, etc.;- penalty. while ballots are counted. votes unlawful possession; 104.081 Threats of employers to control 104.30 Voting machine; of employees. tampering with. doing Political activities ofastate, county and 104.091 Corporations prohibited from 104.31 municipal officers and employees. certain acts. of elections; delivery of 104.101 Failure to assist officers at polls. 104.32 Supervisor or other of- books to successor. 104.11 Neglect of duty by sheriff a ficer. 104.35 Distribution of literature against out militia on election day. candidate on election day. 104.12 Calling literature, etc., near Intermingling ballots. 104.36 Distribution of 104.13 polling places. 104.14 Illegal voting; bond election. Political literature, circulated prior to 104.15 Person knowing he is not qualified 104.37 voting at any election. election; requirements. elector defined. Voting substitute ballot. 104.371 Political advertisement 104.16 for publication or broadcasting. 104.17 Voting in person after casting absen- 104.372 Rates 104.38 Newspaper assailing candidate in an tee ballot. reply. more than one vote at any elec- election; space for 104.18 Casting violations. tion. 104.39 Witnesses as to to vote if elector has voted in 104.41 Violations not otherwise provided for. 104.181 Unlawful illegal other state or country within one 104.42 Fraudulent registration and * year. voting; investigation. 104.19 Use of stickers, rubber stamps, etc., un- 104.43 Grand juries; special investigation. lawfully. 104.44 Conflicting laws repealed. state election 104.20 Ballot not to be seen, and other of- 104.45 Municipality may adopt fenses. laws. change of dates 104.21 Changing electors' ballots. 104.451 Municipal elections; destroying records, etc., for cause. 104.22 Stealing and the of election. 104.46 Pamphlet and manual prepared of 104.23 Disclosing how elector votes. election code. 104.24 Penalty for assuming name. CRS-44

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Code of Georgia Annotated,

1970, Georgia Laws 1972 examined.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Code of Georgia

Annotated, 1970, Georgia Laws 1972 examined.

Registration

34-1902 (a)-(c): It is a misdemeanor for any person to register

as an elector knowing that he does not possess the qualifications required

by law or to register as an elector under any other name than his own

or to knowingly give a false residence when registering.

False Statements

34-1901: It is a misdemeanor for any person to make a

false statement under oath or affirmation regarding any material matter

pertaining to the provisions of this Code.

Voting

34-1929: It is a misdemeanor for any person who votes or

attempts to vote at any primary or election, knowing that he does not

possess all the qualifications of an elector as required.

34-1930: It is a felony to vote in more than one election

district in the same primary or election, or otherwise fraudulently vote

more than once.

B. Campaign Financing

None. CRS-5 Georgia (continued)

C. Political Campaign Material

34-1307.1. Unlawful campaign practices.-(a No person shall distrib ute, circulate, disseminate, or publish or cause to be distributed, circulated, disseminated or published any literature in connection with any political campaign for any public office unless such literature shall bear the name and address of the person or organization distributing, circulating, disseminating, publishing or causing the same to be distributed, circulated, disseminated, or published. To be in compliance herewith when an organization rather than a natural person commits any of the above acts, then the names and addresses of at least three of the highest officials thereof shall also appear thereon. Campaign literature published and disseminated by the candidate himself, bearing his name and the office for which he is a candidate, shall be considered as in compliance herewith. (b) No person shall use the name or any colorable imitation of the name of an existing person.or organization for the purposes of indorsing, circulating or publishing campaign material without the authorization of such person or organization. For the purposes of this section, the term "any colorable imitation" shall mean any name purposefully used with the intention of the user that a person reading such name will be misled into believing that such campaign material is being indorsed, circulated or published by a person or organization other than the true indorser, circulator or publisher. (Acts 1968, p. 828.)

D. Offenses Generally

CHAPTER 34-19. PENALTIES.

Sec. 34-1901. False statements. 34-1902. False registration. 34-1903. Refusal to permit inspection of papers; destruction or removal; Secretary of State. 34-1904. Refusal to permit inspection of papers; destruction or removal; ordinaries. 34-1905. Insertion and alteration of entries in documents; removal; refusal to deliver. 34-1906. Interfering with poll officers. 34-1907. Refusal to administer oath; acting without being sworn. 34-1908. Nomination petitions; offenses by signers. 34-1909. False signatures and statements in nomination petitions. 34-1910. Nomination petitions; certificates and papers; destruction; fraudulent filing; suppression. Georgia (continued4

34 1911. t)1ti r by iiiite oi bal I 34-1912. A n~iuwI sa nit Iallot 34-1913. Counter cit and facsimile ballots, ballot cards or ballot labels. 34-1914. Destroying or delaying deliv- cry of ballots. 34-1915. Tampering with voting ma- chiies. 34-1916. Uiiautli rued pt ssion of vol ing mna hine kcy 34-1917. Tamiperikg with vwde ieccorders or tabulating nmachiincv 34 1918. destroying, defacing or renmov- ing notits, et cetera. 34-1919. 1aw entorcemnent officer; fait- unrctu qutlIIIitori .nct at poll; h udlring ii cdtlay ing pcill officers andI thers

Sec. A4-1920. Poll offirers permitting unregistered persons to vote; refusing to permit quaYified electors to vote; permitting unauthorized assistance of elector. 34 1921. Frauds by poll officers. 34-192z. Omnissions by pull officers. 34 1423. Prying irto ballots and ballot cards. 34-1924- Inter fer ence wit h primaries an d elections 34-1925. Receiving unlawful assistance in voting. 34-1926. Giving unlawful assistaice in voting. 34 1927. Poll officers permitting unlawful assistance. 34-1928. Failure to keep and return record of assisted voters. 34 1929. Unlawfuml voting. 34-1930. Repeat voting at primaries and elections. .14 1931. Rentoving ballots. 34-1932. Unlawful absentee voting. 34 1933. Buying or selling votes 34-1934. Intimidation of electors. 34-1935. Failure to periormrnduty. 34-1936. Hindering or delaying per- fornance of duty. 34-1937. Sale of alcoholic beverages on printary or election days prohibited. 34-1938. Unauthorized campaign activities. 34-1939. Count and return of soles. 34 1940. Punishment for felonies. 34-1941. Punishment for misdemeanors

':s«,

,: y...- x,: '.v . - , .. .a.; ._,", ,. ._ , -, .. - .. a....l z r.., . .ur l-o vrt+_:.?, .. 7 . r.; , . x .rl + cs Y. ^.;r,. ~v ,: ,...,k. . a..r: ,.F .. .. Y^.. .r(s.. . r* : "'h ri..,:.. CRS-47

HAWAII

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Hawaii Revised Statutes, and to the 1972 Supplement thereto, Title 2.

A. Fraudulent Registration or Voting

Registration, False Statement, Voting

19-2 Perjury: Any person who, knowing that he is not entitled

to register or to vote, registers or votes, shall be guilty of perjury;

and any person taking an oath in this title prescribed or authorized to

be administered and willfully making oath to any false statement of fact;

or willfully making a false answer to any questions put him thereunder,

shall be guilty of perjury.

Voting

19-3: It is an election fraud for any person to vote or

attempt to vote in the name of any other person, or in some fictitious

name or vote or attempt to vote more than once.

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting

Filing of expense statement. Each party, committee, including 11-193 office. ex- committees, and each candidate for a state or national presidential shall file with the presidential candidates not residing within the State, cepting candidate for a chief election officer, and each party, committee, and each statement of his county office shall file with the clerk of the county, an itemized or their expense, by. for, or on behalf of a party, candidate for election, or ques- the purpose or ob- tion or issue at the election showing each amount expended, whom each expenditure was made, and the person or persons to ject for which and the made. The itemized statement shall also contain the amount contributed of $500 to- name and address of each contributor who has contributed in excess ward the election of the candidates or to a party or committee. The statements party or com- shall be sworn to by each candidate or an authorized person for a mittee making the expenditures and shall be open to public inspection. who. was In case of any candidate, or committee supporting any candidate. not nominated at the primary election as a candidate for the general election, the itemized statement of expenses shall be filed within twenty days following the primary election. In the case of any candidate nominated at the primary primary election. election, or committee whose candidate was nominated at the or committees for as candidate for the general election, and in the case of parties of expenses for each against any question or issue, the itemized statement or days fol- election shall be prepared separately but filed together within twenty lowing the general election. [L 1970, c 26, pt of 21 Hawaii (continued)

2. Expenditure Limitations None

3. Regulations on Contributions

11-194 Contribution of corporate funds; unlawful. It shall be illegal for any corporation, incorporated under the laws of the State, or doing business therein, or any officer or agent thereof, from corporate funds, to make or authorize any contributions, directly or indirectly, to campaign funds or for political purposes, in any election held in the State. Any person or corporation violating this section shall be fined or imprisoned under section 19-5. [L 1970, c 26, pt of 21 11-195 Anonymous contributions: unlawful. No person shall make a payment of his own money or of another person's money to any candidate, party, or committee in connection with a nomination or election in any other name than that of the person who in truth supplies such money; nor shall any candidate, party, or committee knowingly receive such payment or enter or cause the same to be entered in his accounts in another name than that of the person by whom it was actually furnished. This section shall not apply to amounts that aggregate less than $500. Any anonymous contribution received by a candidate, party, or committee shall not be used or expended, but shall be returned to the donor, if his identity is known. If no donor is found, the contribution shall escheat to the State in the case of candidates for a state office and parties or committees backing such candidate or for or against a state issue on the ballot and to the county in the case of candidates for a county office and parties or committees backing such candidate or for or against a county issue on the ballot. In the case where an anonymous contribution is made to a party organization and no donor is found, the contribu-

4. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated None

C. Political Campaign Material

11-192 Political literature, advertisements. All political advertisements in any media, newspaper, radio, television, and all campaign literature published or circulated prior to or on the day of the election shall state who paid for such literature or advertisement and the address of such person, party. o'r committee. D. Election Offenses Generally

CHAPTER 19 ELECTION OFFENSE

SECTION 19-1 CLASSES OF OFFENSES 19-2 PERJURY 19-3 ELECTION FRAUDS 194 PENALTIES; DISQUALIFICATION FOR. REMOVAL FROM OFFICE; REPORTS OF CONVICTIONS TO CHIEF ELECTION OFFICER 19-5 CON1iIBUTIONS BY CORPORATIONS; UNLAWFUL 19-6 MISDEMEANORS 19-7 PENALTY 19-4 OlER OFFENSES; PENALTIES 19-9 OTHER PROSECUTIONS

I woomm"IM-1 1-1 1---,-"------, - -- CRS-49

IDAHO

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Idaho Code and to the

1971 Supplement thereto

A. Fraudulent Registration or Voting

Title 18 of the Idaho Code, sections 2301-2323 dealing with

election offenses were repealed effective January 1, 1972. The revised

Criminal Code, substituted for the repealed sections, does not contain

provisions relating to fraudulent voting or registration as did the

repealed sections.

34-411 of the Idaho Code provides that any elector who shall

supply'any information pertaining to his qualifications for registration

upon application, knowing such information to be false, is guilty of perjury.

34-404: Provides that all electors must register as provided

by law before being able to vote at any election at which registration is required.

B. Campaign Financing None

C. Political Campaign Material None

D. Offenses Generally Title 18 of the Idaho Code Secs. 2301-2323 repealed January 1, 1972. CRS-50

ILLINOIS

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Smith-Hurd Ill. Ann. Stat. and to the 1972 Supplement thereto. Chapter 46, Election Code.

A. Fraudulent Registration or Voting Registration, Voting, Generally This section prohibits 29 A-1 Violation of the Election Code: or failing to do any person from knowingly doing any act prohibited,

or knowingly doing any act with any act required, by the Election Code, by the Election Code. the intent that another shall do any act prohibited

Acts in the Election Code pertaining to registration and voting are 4-1 under: 3-1, qualification of voters for presidential elections;

and 4-2, necessity of registration of electors in counties having a pop- any ulation of less than 500,000, which states that it is unlawful for such person is at the time person to vote or register to vote unless Article; and 5-1 and 5-2 which qualified under the provisions of this population of 500,000 or more. provide for the same in counties having a False Swearing makes 29 A-3 and 29 A-4: Provides penalty for anyone who which he does not a false statement, material to the issue in question, required believe to be true, in any affidavit or sworn oral declaration person who procures or by any provision of the Election Code, and any induces another to make such a statement. false infor- 29 A-8: Whoever knowingly or willfully gives

mation as to his name, address, or period of residence in the voting to register or district for the purpose of establishing his eligibility

vote, or conspires with another individual for the purpose of encouraging to the his false registration to vote or illegal voting,...is liable for redress. party injured or any person affected, in a civil action '2 CRS-51 Illinois (continued)

B. Campaign Financing None

C. Political Campaign Material

26-1. It shall be unlawful for any person or group of persons, or any firm, organization, association, league or other body to publish, circulate or distribute any pamphlets, circular, handbill or other printed matter relative to the candidacy of any person or persons seeking nomination or election to any public office or relative to any proposition or question submitted to the electors unless the same shall bear thereon in plain type the name and address of the person or persons; or the names and addresses of the officers of any firm, organization, association, league or other body causing such matter to be published and distributed and in the event that 2 or more persons join in causing said matter to be published and distributed then the names and addresses of each of such persons shall be imprinted thereon in plain type. If, however, more than 10 persons join in publishing and distributing such matter, then it shall be sufficient if the names and addresses of 10 of such persons shall be imprinted thereon as aforesaid. It shall not be necessary for any domestic corporation, in good standing and organized at least one year prior to publishing such matter, to print as aforesaid more than its full corporate name and address and the name of its chief executive officer. [Amended by Public Act 77-1715, effective July 1, 1972.] Affixing Signature. 26-2. It shall be unlawful to sign or affix to any such printed matter the name or title of any firm, organization, association, league, or other body or any name or title purporting to be the name of any firm, organization, association, league or other body or to affix or attach to or upon such matter any name, title or designation other than is provided for and required by the preceding section, provided that the printers may be required by law or ordinance to attach to such printed matter a registry number. Construction of Article. 26-3. Nothing in the two preceding sections shall be construed to apply to any matter or thing published in any newspaper, magazine or journal recognized and circulating as such, which matter is published by such newspaper, magazine or journal on its own behalf and upon its own responsibility and for which it shall not charge or receive any compensation whatsoever, nor shall it apply to any publication issued by any legally constituted election officials in the performance of their duties.

D. Offenses Generally

ARTICLE 29A.

PENALTIES. I 29A-1. Persons who knowingly corn- i 29A-5. Those convicted deemed in- mit prohibited act-Penalty. famous. f 29A-2. Officer of the court-Failure I 29A-6. Deprivation of Constitutional to act. Rights. { 29A-3. False statements. 29A-7. Conspiracy Against Voter. { 29A-4. Subornation of perjury. 529A-8. Giving False Information To Register or Vote. CRS-52

INDIANA

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Burn's Ind. Stats.

Ann., 1972 Code Edition.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Election Code of 1945, 1972 revision, provides penalties for

the following offenses under Chapter 32:

Registration

3-1-32-50: False applications for registration. " 3-1-32-54: Registering or offering to register more than once.

False Swearing

3-1-32-49: False statements in affidavit for registration.

Voting

3-1-32-10: Illegal voter.

3-1-32-11: Voting in wrong precinct.

3-1-32-12: Voting more than once; at any election in this

state.

3-1-32-13: Nonresident voting. Whoever passes from any other

state into this state, and votes or attempts to vote at any voting precinct

or ward of this state, not being at the time a bona fide resident of

such voting precinct or ward, shall be guilty of a felony.

3-1-32-14: Importing voters. B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting CRS-53

Indiana (continued)

3-1-30-7 [29-5707]. Treasurer and agent's report-Penalty.-With- in forty-five [45] days after every election or primary election, every treasurer and every political agent shall file a full, true and detailed account and statement, subscribed and sworn to by him before an officer authorized to administer oaths, in the office of the clerk of the circuit court of the county in which said treasurer or political agent resides, which statement shall include the amount of money or property in each case received or promised, the name of the person from whom it was received, or by whom it was promised, the amount of every expenditure made or promised, or valuable thing given or promised, or liability of any sort incurred, the name of the person to whom such expenditure, gift or promise thereof was made, or to whom such liability was incurred, and shall clearly state the purpose for which such money or property was so expended, given or promised, or for which such liability was incurred, separating expenditures, gifts, and liabilities for elections and primary elections. Such statement shall also set forth in detail all unpaid debts and obligations, if any, of such treasurer or political agent, with the nature and amount of each, for what purpose incurred and to whom owing, and if there are no unpaid debts or obligations of such treasurer or political agent. such statement shall state such fact. Every treasurer and every political agent and every person who shall at any time act as treasurer or political agent, shall keep detailed, full and accurate accounts in a proper book or books called "account books," to be provided and preserved by him, of all money or valuable things received by or promised to, and of all expenditures, disbursements and promises of payment or disbursement of mosy or valuable things made by any political committee, or any of its officers or members, or by any person acting under its authority, or on its behalf, or by such treasurer or political agent, and setting forth in such statement and accounts the sum of valuable things so received, or disbursed, or promised, as the case may be, and the date when, the person from whom received or promised, or to whom paid or promised, as the case may be, and the object and purpo for which such sum or valuable thing was received or disbursed or promised, as the case may be. Every treasurer and every political agent, as defined by this article [3-1-30-1-3-1-30-15], who shall fail or refuse to make out, verify and file with the clerk of the circuit court the statement required by this section of this article, or who shall fail to provide, keep and preserve the book or books of account and the entries and statements therein as aforesaid, or any of them, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. [Acts 1945, ch. 208, 372, p. 680; 1965, ch. 179, 4, p. 315.]

3-1-30-8 [29-5708]. Candidate's itemized statement - Penalty. - Every candidate for public office, including candidates for the office of senator of the United States, within forty-five [45] days after the election or primary held to nominate for or fill such office or place, shall make out and file with the clerk of the circuit court for the county in which such candidate resides, a full, true and itemized statement in writing, which statement shall be subscribed and sworn to by such candidate before an officer authorized to administer oaths, setting forth in detail all moneys or other valuable things contributed, expended or promised by him to aid or promote his candidacy, or in any way in connection with his nomination or election, or both, as the case may be, or for other political purposes in connection with the election of any other peron at said election, and all existing unfulfilled promises orliabilities in that connection remaining uncanceled and in force at the time such statement is made, whether such expenditures, promises or liabilities were made or incurred before, during or after such election, and showing the dates when, the person to whom, and the purpose for which, Indiana (continued) CE-- each and all of said sums or valuable things were paid, expended or promised or said liabilities incurred. Such statement shalalso set forth that the same is full, true and correct. No person shall be deemed elected to any elective office, under the laws of this state, or enter upon the duties thereof, or receive any salary or emoluments therefrom, until he shall have filed the statement provided for in this section of this article; and no officer authorized by the laws of this state to issue commissions or certificates of election shall issue a commission or certificate of election to any person claiming to be elected to any office until such statement as aforesaid shall have been so made, verified and filed by such persons with such clerk. Upon the filing of such statement, the clerk shall issue to the candidate a certificate showing the filing of such statement, and the date of such filing, which certificate shall be prmscnted by the candidate to the officer authorized by law to issue his commission, and such certificate shall be the only evidence of the filing of such statement which may be required by the officer authorized to issue such commission. Any person violating or failing to comply with any of the provisions of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. Ten [10] days after the period above fixed for the filing of said origimil statement shall have expired, the officer with whom the saime is, by this section, required to be filed, shall notify the proper proscuting officer of any failure to file such statement on the part of any candidate, and, within fifteen [15] days thereafter, such prosecut- iig officer shall proceed to prosecute for such offense: Provided, That tie provisions and requirements of this section shall not apply to candidates fpr county council, township advisory board, road supervisor, constable, or candidates for any other office the emoluments of which are less than one hundred dollars [$100] per year. [Acts 1945, ch. 208, s 373, p. 680; 1965, ch. 179, 5, p. 315.]

3-1-30-5 [29-57053. Payment of election expenses.-No person other than a treasurer or political agent shall pay any of the expenses of any election, caucus or primary election, except that a candidate may pay his own expenses for postage, telegrams, telephoning, stationery. letters, circular letters, printing, expressage and traveling; but the provisions of this section shall not apply to nonpartisan election and ante- election expenses paid out of the public moneys of the state, or of any town, city, county or other municipality. The payments, expenditures, promises and liabilities which any candidate for nomination or election or both may make or incur directly or indirectly under this or the preceding section [3-1-30-4] shall not exceed in the whole twenty-five thousand dollars [825.000] if the candidate is one to be voted upon by all the voters of the state, ten thousand dollars [$10,000] if the candidate is one to be voted upon by all the voters of a congressional district, five thousand dollars [$5,000] if the candidate is one to be voted upon by all the voters of a county or city and two thousand dollars [$2,000] if the candidate is one to be voted upon by the voters of a voting unit other than those above specified, all to be paid, handled and disbursed by a treasurer or political agent or candidate and not otherwise; and any payment, contribution, expenditure of, or promise or liability to pay, contribute or expend any money or valuable thing in excess of said sum shall be unlawful: Provided, however, That a candidate also may pay personally, in addition to said sum or valuable thing or things amounting thereto, his own expenses for postage, letters, circular letters, telegrams, telephoning, stationery, printing, advertising, publishing, expressage, traveling and board, and the cost of any primary, convention or mass convention held pursuant to the law of this state which may be assessed against such candidate by the political committee under whose direction such primary, convention or mass convention is held: and Provided, further, That nothing in this article [3-1-30-1---3-1-30-15] shall be taken or construed to prohibit the chairman of the state central committee of the state, or the chairman of any county, city or town central committee of any political party from soliciting contributions for campaign purposes, which contributions, however, shall all be expended in accordance with and subject to the provisions and restrictions of this article: and Provided, further, That such contributions shall not be solicited from any candidate for office in the state of Indiana or any private corporation. [Acts 1945, ch. 208, 5370, p. 680.] 5 Indiana (continued) CRS-5

3. Regulations on Contributions a. Contributions in another name Sec. 3-1-30-11

Every person who shall, directly or indirectly, by himself or through --another person, make a payment or promise of payment, to a treasurer or political agent in any other name than his own, and every treasurer or political agent who shall, knowingly, receive a payment, or promise of payment, and enter the same or cause the same to be entered in his accounts in any other name than that of the person by whom such payment or promise of payment is made.

b. Corporations and Labor Unions

3-1-30-12 [29-5712]. Contributions by corporations or labor unions unlawful-Violation a misdemeanor.-It shall be unlawful and shall be deemed a corrupt practice for any corporation incorporated under the laws of the state of Indiana, or of any state or territory of the United States, or of the District of Columbia, or of the United States, or of any other country, or any labor organization, directly or indirectly, by itself, or through any officer, agent or employee, representative or other person whatsoever, to give, contribute, furnish, lend or promise any money, property, transportation, means or aid to any political party, or any candidate for public office or for nomination thereto, or to any public organization, or to any political committee, or to any treasurer or political agent, as herein defined, either directly or indirectly, to aid, promote or influence the success or defeat of any political party or principle or any measure or proposition submitted to a vote at a public election or primary election in this state, or to aid, promote or influence in any manner the election or defeat of a candidate therein, or to be used, applied or expended in any way whatever for political purposes. The president, the several directors and every other officer of any corporation or labor organization which shall violate any of the provi- sioris of this section, and the president or director or other officer or agent of any corporation who shall personally violate any of the provisions of this section, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor. [Acts 1945, ch. 208, 377, p. 680.]

14. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated

3-1-30-6 [29-5706]. Legitimate expenses-Treasurers and political agents-Penalty for violation.-It shall be lawful for any treasurer, political agent or candidate in connection with any election or primary election, and in making provisions therefor, to pay the following expenses: (a) The necessary cost of hiring halls and music for conventions, public meetings and public primaries and for advertising the same, and decorating said halls; (b) Of printing and circulating political articles, circulars, circular letters, plate and electrotype matter, candidates' cards, books pamphlets and including the payment of subscriptions to newspapers or periodicals containing political articles to be circulated among voters; CRS-5 6 Indiana (continued)

(c) Of printing and distributing sample or specimen ballots and instruction to voters; (d) Of renting rooms and headquarters to be used by political paying for all committees, agents, treasurers or subtreasurers and of assistance and labor employed therein; clerical as- (e) Of compensating clerks, stenographers, typists, and other sistants employed in the committee rooms, or on the business of the challengers, committee outside of said committee rooms, and also of watchers, messengers, and workers employed in or at the registration expenses rooms. in the voting rooms and at the polls, and the cost and to the of any primary convention or mass convention held pursuant laws of the state of Indiana; The traveling and other legitimate expenses of political agents, (f) for comm ittees and public speakers, including reasonable compensation cen- the chairman and secretary of the state, district, county, or city tral committees, and the costs of treasurers' bonds may be paid; (g) Of making poll books, copies of registration lists and compiling information or data with respect to the qualifications of voters, or their political afliliations, or any other information of a political character; (h) Of necessary postage, telegrams, telephoning, printing expenses and conveyance charge for carrying sick and infirm persons to and from the places of regiztration; . . (i) The necessary cost of equipp g, furnishing and maintaiig committee rooms, and headquarters and places of meeting for poll cal committees, agents and treasurers, both during and after phi~tidlJ campaigns, if it shall be desired to maintain permanent headquarters;

direction r The cost and expenses of messengers sent by the (j) or city commit ee tha chairman of any state, district, county, township matters of interes.. or any political party in connection with party or persons summoned and also the cost and expenses of any person instance of the chairman of the state central committee, by or at the or central committee, or of the district committee, or of the county of any committee, or of the city central committee of the township in connection poliical party to the committee headquarters or offices the accommodation and with party matters of interest, and also for of all such persons; entertainment of the chair- (k) All expenses incurred by or under the authority committee of the state, district, county, township, or city central man or entertainment of any political party in providing accommodation including persons appointed for members of said respective committees, of committee, or for the transportation and entertainment by such of said and persons when assembling for any meeting such members respective respective committees or visiting the headquarters of said in connection with party matters of interest; committees and demon- (1) The cost and expense of political parades, meetings of a political band or strations, and the equipment and compensation drum corps; other (m) The cost of political buttons, lithographs, banners and political advertising matter.

1 111014--- -1 . . I - , 5 7 Indiana (continued) CRS-

C. Political Campaign Material a. Identification Sec. 3-1-30-6(m)

No treasurer or political agent shall incur any expense or liability or make any payment for any purpose not authorized by this section. and every liability incurred or payment made shall be made at a rate which is reasonably and fairly commensurate with the service rendered. It shall not be lawful for any political chairman, treasurer or political agent to expend any money for the printing or publication of any political matter whatsoever, which shall not purport on its face to be printed or published by the authority of said treasurer or political agent, and which, if published in any newspaper or other periodical shall not be marked as an advertisement: Provided, however, That when newspapers or periodicals containing articles are subscribed and paid for by such treasurer or political agent and sent to voters, it shall not be necessary to mark the same or any part thereof as an advertisement or to stamp or place on such newspaper a statement that they are published or circulated by the authority of said treasurer or political agent, or the only payment made to said newspaper or newspapers is for the papers actually delivered and at not more than .the usual rate of subscription. Nothing in this article [3-1-30-i- 3-1-30-15] shall be construed to prevent any newspaper from publishing any political information as news although such information is furnished by a political committee or some officer thereof either in manu- script form or in plates or electrotypes, and in such case it shall not be necessary to mark such publication as an advertisement, provided, such newsj paper or the owner thereof receives no compensation or reward, directly or indirectly, for such publication, and the same is published in good faith as a matter of news. Any person who is entitled to contribute money or things of value to a political committee for political purposes, may contribute to such committee, books, circulars or pamphlets containing political matter and such committee may distrbute the same to voters without placing a statement thereon that books, pamphlets or circulars are circulated by such committee, but this provision shall not relieve the committee from placing a statement on

printed matter which it prints or publishes that the same is circulated by its authority. And every treasurer, subtreasurer and political agent who receives any such book, pamphlet or circular shall include in the report and statement required to be filed by him a list thereof with the name and residence of the person or persons drnating the same. The treasurer appointed and acting for or in connection with the state, district, county or city central committee of any political party shall not expend or disburse any money or other vaLuaii'e things or incur any liability whatsoever except by the authority and subject to the direction of said respective committees for or in connection with which said treasurer may be appointed or acting. Every person expending money in violation of this section or in violation of section three hundred and sixty-nine [3-1-30-4] or three hundred and seventy [3- 1-30-5] of this article and every person violating or failing to comply with any of the provisions of this section or with any of section three hundred and sixty-nine [3-1-30-4] or three hundred and seventy [3-1-30-5] of this article shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. [Acts 1945, ch. 208, 371. p. 680.] CRS-58 Indiana (continued)

b. False Statements Sec. 30-1-30-11

Every person who shall falsely compose, dictate, print, write, or- transmit by any means whatever to any publisher of any newspaper, book or serial, any matter, the publication of which in such newspaper, book or serial, would expose any person to hatred, contempt, ridicule or obliquy [obloquy], or which would cause or tend to cause any person to be shunned or avoided, or which would have a tendency to injure any person in his business, for the purpose of intimidating, influencing, inducing or procuring any person to vote or refrain from voting for or against any person, or for or against any measure or proposition at any election or primary election, or political convention or session of the general assembly of the state of Indiana, or either house thereof. Every proprietor or editor of a book, newspaper or serial, and every partner, or member of a partnership, or manager of any incorporated association by which a book, newspaper, or serial is issued or published, or circulated, who shall falsely publish, or cause to be published in writing, typewriting, printing, picture, effigy, symbol, sign, cartoon, or which exposes any person to hatred-racial, religious, or otherwise- contempt, ridicule, or obliquy [obloquy], or which causes or tends to cause any person to be shunned or avoided, or which has a tendency to injure any person or company in his or its business, for the purpose of intimidating, influencing or inducing, or procuring any person to vote or refrain from voting for or against any person, or for or against any measure or proposition at any election, or primary election, or political convention or session of the general assembly of the state of Indiana, or either house thereof. Every person who shall be guilty of any corrupt practice as aforesaid, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. [Acts 1945, ch. 208, 376, p. 680.]

D. Offenses Generally

CHAP'J'ER 30 CORRUPT PRACTICES-ELECTION EXPENSES SECTION. SECTION. 3-1-30-1. Application of article. 3-1-30-11. Corrupt practices-Definition 8-1-30-2. Political committee - Treas- - Application - Violation urer - Political agent - - Penalty. Removal - Statement of 3-1-30-12. Contributions by corporations receipts and expenditures. or labor unions unlawful 3-1-30-3. Political committee treasurer - Violation a misde- - Appointment, duties, meanor. bond - Penalty. 3-1-30-12.1. Payment for political adver- 3-1-30-4. Contributions - Soliciting - tisements in publications Voluntary contributions - sponsored by political par- Report. ties-Not a corrupt prac- 3-1-30-5. Payment of election expenses. tice. 8-1-30-6. Legitimate expenses-Treas- 3-1-30-13. Annulment of election-Com. urers and political agents plaint - Petition - Pro. -Penalty for violation. ceedings. 8-1-80-7. Treasurer and agent's report 3-1-30-14. Costs - Witnesses and docu- -Penalty. ments. 3-1-80-8. Candidate's itemized state- 3-1-40-15. Prosecuting attorney, duties ment-Penalty. -Witnesses exempt from 8-1-40-9. False statement-Penalty. prosecution. 8-1-80-10. Statements become public records. CRS- 59

Indiana (continued)

CHAPTER 32 OFFENSES AND PENALTIES SECTION. SECTION. 3-1-32-1. Buying votes. 3-1-32-3. Buying and selling votes-- 3-1-32-2. Selling votes. Witnesses. SECTION. SECTION. 3-1-32-4. Influencing voters not to vote. 3-1-32-36. Member of a precinct board 3-1-32-5. Bribery of voter in general. opening or marking ticket. 8-1-82-6. Bribery by candidate to ob- , 3-1-32-37. Deceiving illiterate voter. tain nomination. 3-1-32-38. Defrauding voter. 3-1-32-7. Bribery by candidate to pro- 3-1-32-39. Removing or destroying elec- cure election. tion conveniences. 3-1-32-8. Bribery of elector by candi- 3-1-32-40. Electioneering - Disclosing date-Penalty. vote. 3-1-29-9. Informers not prosecuted. 3-1-32-41. Using violence, threats, or 3-1-32-10. Illegal voter. restraint. 3-1-32-11. Voting in wrong precinct. 3-1-32-42. Seizing ballot-box. 3-1-32-12. Voting more than once. 3-1-32-43. Destroying ballot-box or bal- 3-1-32-13. Nonresident voting. lots. 3-1-32-14. Importing voters. 3-1-32-44. Removing or consenting to 3-1-32-15. Breaking ballot-box - Alter- removal of ballots. ing returns. 3-1-32-45. Removing ballot from elec- 3-1-32-16. Inspector failing to appear tion room. for supplies. 3-1-32-46. Printer-Felonious acts. 3-1-32-17. Officers neglecting duties. 3-1-32-47. Attempting to 3-1-32-18. enter election Registration officers--Failure room - Remaining too to perform duties. close to polls. 3-1-32-19. Interference with election of- 3-1-32-48. False and fraudulent acts - ficers, watchers, voters - Conspiracies. Bribing election officials -- 3-1-32-49. False statements in affidavit Compulsory testimony of registration. against self. 3-1-32-50. False applications for regis- 3-1-32-20. Tampering with ballot pack- tration. ages or aiding in destruc- 3-1,32-51. Signature tion by other than ap- or loss of ballots by plicant for registration - clerk, inspector, or mes- False statements. senger. 3-1-32-52. False impersonation of reg- 3-1-32-21. Permitting ballots to be istration officer. taken. 3-1-32-53. 3-1-32-22. Destroying or secreting reg- Election officers tampering istration affidavits or with voting machine. forms. 3-1-32-23. False voting machine re- 3-1-32-54. Registering or offering to turns. register more than once. 3-1-32-24. Election officer or employee 3-1-32-55. Withholding information marking, mutilating or de- from poll taker. facing ballot. 3-1-32-25. 3-1-32-56. False information furnished Blue pencils - Possession poll taker. while counting votes. 3-1-32-57. False return by poll taker. 3-1-32-26. Depositing ballots with dis- 3-1-32-58. False affidavit. tinguishing marks or with- 3-1-32-59. Preserving out affidavits. clerk's initials. 3-1-32-60. Betting -- Elections - Pool 3-1-32-27. Inducing voter to place dis- selling. tinguishing mark on bal- 3-1-32-61. Printing lot. of slates - Unlaw- 3-1-32-28. ful acts. Revealing how elector voted. 3-1-32-62. Printed statements concern- 3-1-32-29. Inducing members of board to violate act. ing candidates for office 3-1-32-30. Voting -Name and address of by machine - Dis- sponsors. tinguishing marks - Vio- 3-1-32-63.1 General penal clause.

lations of secrecy of ballot. f 3-1-32-31. 3-1-32-64. Felonies - Conviction -- Injuring machines or ballot Penalty. labels. 3-1-32-65. Misdemeanors 3-1-32-32. Fraud by election officer. - Conviction 3-1-32-33. Altering returns. -- Penalty. 3-1-32-66. Indictment or affidavit. 3-1-32-34. Refusing f, to receive vote. 3-1-32-67. Limitation 3-1-32-35. Election board officer peron hiring of per- suading, coercing or brib- sons per precinct - Pen- ing voter. alty for violation. CRS-60

IOWA

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Iowa Code Ann. and to the 1973 Supplement thereto.

A. Fraudulent Voting and Registration

Registration

738.20: Provides for penalty for person causing his name to

be registered knowing that he is not or will not become a qualified voter

in that precinct in which he registers and any person who aids or abets

any person in such act.

Voting.

738.7: Voting more than once. Provides.'penalty for any

person who votes more than once at any election held by virtue of any

law of this state.

738.8: Voting when not qualified. Provides penalty for any

person, knowing himself not to be qualified, to vote at any election

authorized by law.

738.11: Counseling to vote when not qualified. Provides

penalty for any person to procure, aid, assist, counsel, or advise another

to give his vote, knowing that such person is disqualified.

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting

58. Statement"- Ern7 cidilate for any office voted for at any primary, municipal, special or -tn.eral election shall, within thirty days after the holding of such elee. tion, te a true, detailed, and sworn statement showing all sums of money or otmer things of value disbursed, expended, or promised, directly or in. dIrectly, by him, and to the best of his knowledge and belief by any other person or persons In his behalf, for the purpose of aiding or securing his- nomination -or election. This section shall have no application to a judge standing for retention at a judicial election. As amended Acts 1949 (53 G.A.) ch. 55, 1 1; Acts 196.5 (81 G.A.) eb. 97, 1 7. Iowa (continued) cRis-61

56.2 Requirement Such statement shall show the dates, amounts, and from whom such sums of money or other things of value were received, and the dates, amounts, purposes, and to whom paid or disbursed, and snjan mfclUme te assessment of any person, committee, or organization in charge of the campaign of such candidate.

56.4 Statements by party chairmen The chairman of each party central committee for the state, district, or county shall file a true, detailed, and sworn statement of receipts and expenditures within thirty days after the general election. The chairmen of state and district central committees shall file said statements with the secretary of the state; and the chairmen of county central committees, with 'he county auditor. Such statements shall contain all the information required to be filed by candidates, and in addition thereto shall state the amounts or balances remaining on hand.

2. Expenditure Limitations

56.7 Limitation on expenses It shall be unlawful for any candidate to expend in connection with any primary election campaign more than fifty percent of tha annual salary applicable to the position for which he is a candidate, and unlawful for him to expend in connection with his campaign for election to any office more than fifty percent of the annual salary applicable to the position for which he is a candidate.

3. Regulations on Contributions Corporations

496A.145. Political contributions prohibited It shall be unlawful for any corporation, domestic or foreign, or any officer, agent, or representative thereof acting for such corporation, to give or contribute any money, property, labor, or thing of value, directly or indirectly, to any member of any political committee, political party, or employee or representative thereof, or to any candidate for any public office or candidate for nomination to any public office or to the representative of such candidate, for campaign expenses or for any political purpose whatsoever, or to any person, partnership, or corporation for the purpose of influencing or causing such person, partnership, or corporation to influence any elector of the state to vote for or against any candidate for public office or for nomination for public office or to any public officer for the purpose of influencing his official action, but nothing in this section shall be construed to restrain or abridge the liberty of the press or prohibit the consideration and discussion therein of candidacies, nominations, public officers, or political questions. * Iowa (continued)

It shall be unlawful for any member of any political committee, political party, or employee or representative thereof, or candidate for any office or the representative of such candidate. to solicit, request, or kneivngly receive from any corporation or any officer. agent, or representative thereof, any money, property, or thing of value belbng- ing to such corporation, for campaign expenses or for any political purpose whatsoever. Any person convicted of a violation of any of the provisions of this.. section shall be punished by imprisonment in the county jail not less than six months or more than one year and, in the discretion of the court, by a fine not exceeding ten hundred dollars. Acts 1959 (53 G.A.) ch. 321, 145; Acts 1961 (59 GA.) cl1. 249, 15.

h. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated None

C. Political Campaign Material

738.22 Political advertisements to be writ- Whoever writes, prints, posts, or distributes, or causes or advertisement ten, printed, posted, or distributed, a circular, poster, candidate which is designed to promote the nomination or election of a or election of for public office or to injure and defeat the nomination con- any candidate for public office, or to influence the voters on any of the stitutional amendment, or to influence the vote of any member poster or adver- legislature, unless there appears upon such circular or or tisement, in a conspicuous place, either the name of the chairman or of secretary or of two officers of the organization issuing the same, the person who is responsible therefor, with his name and address, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof shall be fined not exceeding one hundred dollars, or imprisoned in the county jail not to exceed thirty days, or be punished by both such fine and imprisonment. History and Source of Law Derivation: Codes 1939, 1935, 1931, 1927, 1924, 1 Code Supp.1915, $ 4931-a. 13284. Acts 1915 (36 G.A.), ch. 243, 1.

738.23 Exceptions Nothing in section 738.22 shall apply to the editorial or news advertisements of any magazine or newspaper where the same is not a political advertisement, nor to cards, posters, lithographs, or circulars, issued by a candidate advertising his own candidacy. CRS-63 Iowa (continued)

D. Offenses Generally

Chapter 738 BRIBERY AND CORRUPTION IN ELECTIONS Sec. 738.1 Bribing electors-fine. 738.2 Bribe to refrain from voting-payment for work on election day. 738.3 Accepting bribe. 738.4 Exception. 738.5 Services for hire. 738.6' Exceptions. Amended 738.7 Voting more than once. Amended 738.8 Voting when not qualified. Repealed 738.9 Voting when not resident of county. Repealed 738.10 Voting when not resident of state. 738.11 Counseling to vote when not qualified. 738.12 Deceiving voter as to ballot. 738.13 Duress to prevent voting. 738.14 Bribing election officials. 738.15 Procuring vote by duress. 738.16 Judges or clerks doing unlawful acts. 738.17 Illegally receiving or rejecting votes. 738.18 Misconduct to avoid election. 738.19 Failure to return pollbooks. 738.20 Improper registry and false personation. 738.21 Forgery of papers or ballots. 738.22 Political advertisements. 738.23 Exceptions. 738.24 Illegal voting at primary election. 738.25 Punishment. 738.26 Prima facie evidence of illegal voting, 738.27 Judges to examine voters-administer oaths. 738.28 Perjury in examination. 738.29 Exception-conventions under caucus system.

"Pop" CRS-614

KANSAS

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Kan. Stat.. Ann. and to

the 1972 Supplement thereto.

A. Fraudulent Voting or Registration

Registration

25-2402: False voter registration. It is unlawful to give

false information a' impersonate another with intent to procure a false

registration, or to willfully cause any name to be put on the register

other than in manner provided by this act.

False Swearing

25-1810: It is unlawful for anyone to give a false statement

or affidavit under the provisions for voting by new residents for president

or vice-president.

Voting

21-817: Voting without being qualified. Provides penalty

for every person who, not being entitled to -vote and knowing that he

is not entitled to vote, votes.

21-2406: Voting twice at an election, or offering to vote

twice is unlawful.

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting

25-901. Receipts and expenditures of political organizations or agencies promoting or opposing candidates or propositions; state. ments, filing; audits of accounts of state com mittee, filing. Every committee, club, organization, municipality or association designed to promote or engaged in promoting the success or defeat of any party or the election or defeat of any candidate or candidates to political office, or the adoption or defeat of any proposed constitutional amendment or. other CRS- 6 5 Kansas (continued) Question suomitted at any election, shall have a tre surc:r, and shall cause to be kept a dt:.aiied account of all moneys or property or other thing of value received by it, and of the manner in which the same shall be expended; and shall file annually with the county election officer of the county in which such committee, club, organization or association has its headquarters, and in case the election or defeat of any candidate for state office or of a constitutional amendment was involved shall also file with the secretary of state a statement of all its receipts and expenditures, showing in detail from whom said moneys or property or other thing of value were received, to whom said moneys or property or other thing of value were paid, for what specific purposes each payment was made, and the exact nature of the service rendered in consideration thereof. The annual statement herein required shall be filed on or before December 31, such statement shall cover the period ending on De- cember 1 immediately preceding. The accounts of the state committee of each political party shall be audited annually by a certified DUlic accountant and a copy of the audit !ed with the secretary of state. [K. S. A. 25-901; L. 1963, ch. 54, 1; L. 1969, ch. 188, '51; July 1.] 25.904. Same; filing of expense statements by candidates; time. It shall be the duty of every candidate for nomination or for election to any city, school district, community junior college, township, county, or state office, within thirty (30) days after each pri. mary, general or special election, to file with the county election officer, or with the secretary of state, if for a state office, an itemized statement under oath of all expenditures made by such candidate or obligations contracted or incurred by him or her in connection with each primary, general or special election. Candi- dates for the office of state senator or state representative, where the district is composed of one county or less shall file duplicate statements, one with the county election officer and one with the secretary of state. [K. S. A. 25- 904; L. 1966, ch. 5, 6 (Special Session); L. 1968, ch. 54, 4; March 19.]

2. E penditure Limitations 2i-91)3. Limit on expenditures by candidates. It shall be unlawful for any candidate for nomination or for the election'to any city, school district, community junior college, township, county or state office to expend, or directly or indirectly cause to be expended upon any primary, general or special election, or to contract or to incur obligations in connection with any such election in excess of ten percentum (10%) of the salary for the first year of the office to which such candidate is 6 CRS- 6 Kansas (continued)

sezcing nomination or election, except as otherwise provided in this section. Actual neces- su-y traveling and hotel expenses are not to be included in such report or in computation of the limitations of this section. Any candidate for the once of state senator or state representative or any candidate for an office which pays a salary of less than one thousand dollars (S ,CC,O) per annum may lawfully expend not to exceed five hundred dollars ($500) for pri- rnyrv or general election expenses. Candi- dates owning any medium of advertising shall take into account all personal references at the same rate as charged other candidates. (K. S. A. 25-903; L. 1966, ch. 5, 5 (Special Session); L. 1968, ch. 54, 3; March 19.1

3. Regulations on Contributions

corporations 23-17P9. Contributions by and crtaii stoc!bolders. No corporation car- surety, -yi iMon thle bisi1ness of a bank, trust, railroad, safe d L(posit, insurance,ineInity, gas, elec- street rUAaivay, tcItgraph, telephone, tric light, heat, power, or water company, or take or con- aity company having the right to dern laud or to exercise franchises in pubhc county ways granted by th" state or by any city, and no trustee or trustees owning or or cor- holding the majority of the stock of such shall pay or contribute in order to poration, or aid, promote, or prevent the nomination election of any person to public office, or in to aid, promote or antagonize the inter- order or of any political party, or to influence ests to affect the vote on any question submitted receive the voters. No person shall solicit or cor- such payment or contribution from such 1911, poration or such holders of stock. [L. ch. 137, 3; March 31; R. S. 1923, 25-1709.]

4. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated None

C. Political Campaign Material

231707. Political advertisementusN bli::h or cause to be pblse personien shallppur p 11 brother periodical, either in in a newspaper or ohns any paid its advertising or reading columns, aid matter Which is designed ortends to aid,in jure, or defeat any candidate for nomination for public office, or candidatfoection public office unless the name of the chairman or secretary or the naer ofzation iserti g or other organizationinetg the poiical voter who the same, or the name of some 6 Kansas (continued) CRS- 7

is responsible therefor, with his residence and the street and number thereof, if any, appear therein in the nature of a signature. Such matter when inserted shall be preceded or followed by the word "Advertisement" in a separate line, in type not smaller than that of the body type of the newspaper or other periodical. [L. 1911, ch. 137, 1; March 31; R. S. 123, 25-1707.]

25-1714. Anonymous publication criti- czing personal character or political action of candidate; penalty. Whoever intentionaljv writes, prints, pasts or distributes, or causes to be written, printed, posted, or distributed, a circular or poster which is designed or ted; to injire or defeat any candidate for nomiw- tion or election to any public office, by criticizing his personal character or political action, unless there appears upon such circus or poster in a conspicuous place either the names of the chairman and secretary or o two officers of the political or other organization issuing the same, or some voter who is responsible therefor, with his name and residence, and the street and number thereof, if any, shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than six months. [L. 1913, ch. 139, ' 5; April 30; R. S. 1923, 25-1714.]

D. Penalties Generally

ELECTION OFFENSES Generally, 23-224, 23-170t et seq. Absent votrs, Fihe stttexients or affidavits, 2-111) Voting more than once, 23-1111 Voting in county other than residence, 25-1006 Advertisements, 25-1707, 254710 Anonymous publications, 25-1714 Ballots, 25-1716, 23-1718 Counterfeit ballots, 25-1718 Disclosing contents, 25-1720 Imitations, printing or circulating. 25-1715 Refusal to surrender unmarked ballot, 23-416 Voting machines, defacing or injuring, 25-1336 Campaign expenses, 25-901 et seq. Cards of instruction, destruction, 25-1717 Certificates of nomination, 23-1718 Cigars, distributing or giving away on election day, 25-1703 Clerks of election. 25-224 Corporations, contributions, 25-1709, 25-1710 Damaging voting machines or ballots, 25-1342 Destruction, - Lists of candidates, supplies, etc., 25-1717 Voting machines or ballots, 25-1342 Disorderly conduct. 25-224 District court judge, counting votes for other offices, 25-114 Electioneering, 25-1719 Failure of officer to perform duties, 25-1720, 254722. False statements or representations, 25-224, 25-1718 Political party officer, 25-224a Falsely personating voter, 25-1725 Forgery, 25-224, 25-1718 Gambling, 25-224 Gifts, influencing voting, 25-1701 Imposition of fines. 25-1727 Kansas (continued)

Inch hent er information, 25-224, 25-1728 Inducing to refrain from voting, 23-1701 lntosicatisg liquor, 25-224 Uidnhhting or giving away on election day, Influencing voting, gifts, o., 254704 Intedfering with voter, 25-1710. 25-1717 Approaching polling place, 25-1719 Judges of clec tion, 25-224 Labor and employment, Influencing voting, 25-1701 Tune off to vote, 2t4i Transportation of voters, 25-1712 LUst of candidates, destroying. 25-17j7 Etians, influencing voting, 25-1701 Ne papers, unlawful payment, 254708, 25-1710 Nomination papers, 25-224, 25-1718 Oaths, ref using to administer, 25-1724 Pert rv. 25-224, 25-1723 Political itr anizitions, 25-1706 C impsa 0 expenses, 2a-902 Political patrtv olhicers, nimsersonatlon, 25-224at Poll , electi nearing or solioiding votes, 25-1719 Presidential electors, new resident voting, false static ment or affidavit, 25-1810 I ublications, anonymous publications, 2541714 hece itng illegal wiles, '5-1721 Records, 25-1713 Road district, filse statement, 25-1721

Road Overse-r c' i{r a dnt candidate,

S mple ballots, printing or mircul miner 25-1715 Servies, proc uring on tel citing ( , 25-1 702 Siowsing misrkmed ballot, 25-171 Solici an5 vote-s at p ills 25-171 SjiecialI sluntoas, 25 1~OS Stocks muldcrs, contr ibva os, 53-1709, 2$ -1710 Supples, desiroviig, 25-1717 Supreme court justices, colntr, 'mar s ft ii othor ofties, elc., 25-114 Tran'poitation of voters, 25 1711 ci sog Votusg ruacliies, 25-1342 Defacing or in jurin, 25-1336 Possession by unauthorized peisons, z: 5-I340 TamperIng 25-1342 Voting more than once, 25-224

I CRS-69

KENTUCKY

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Ky. Rev. Stat. Ann.

(Baldwin's).

A. Fraudulent Registration or Voting.

Registration

Chapter 124.020: Person wrongfully registering. Provides

penalty for any person knowingly or fraudulently causing himself to be

registered in more than one precinct, or in a precinct other than the one

in which he is a legal voter, or who registers under any other name or

gives false address or other information, or who in any manner causes

himself to be registered when he is not legally entitled to be registered,

or one who aids or abets in the commission of any such act. False Swearing

Chapter 432.170: Provides penalty for anyone who shall will-

fully and knowingly swear, depose, or give in evidence that which is false. Voting

Chapter 124.150. (1)-(5): Provides for penalties for false

impersonation of voter, voting when one is a resident of another state or country, voting more than once at an election, voting or offering

to vote in a precinct other than the one in which one resides and voting

or attempting to vote at any voting place other than the one at which

one is entitled to vote.

P CRS- 7 0 Kentucky (continued)

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting

123.086 Reports as to contributions and expenditures required when; contents. (1) During the period between the date of appointment of the campaign treasurer and the election, each candidate shall report to his campaign treasurer on Mon- day of each third week, upon a form prescribed by the registry, all expenditures made, incurred or authorized by the candidate for travel expenses during the preceding period up to and including the previous Friday. (1966 e 216, 8. Eff. 6-16-66) (2) Reports shall be made as follows: (a) State and county executive committees shall make a full report, upon a prescribed form, to the registry, of all money, loans, or other things of value, received from any source since the date of the last report, including the name and address of each person or group contributing more than $500, the amount contributed by each and the date of the contribution, 1. Quarterly as of March 31, June 30, September 30, December 31, and within ten days of these closing dates, and 2. The Anal report during the campaign1 containing all contributions received since the last report, shall be made as of the seventh day preceding the date of the primary or general election and shall be filed no lat than noon of the fifth day preceding said election. Th" final report shall be filed thirty days after the election. (b) Each campaign treasurer shall make a full report, upon a prescribed form, to the registry, of all money, loans, or other things of value, received by him or a y deputy campaign treasurer from any source, since the date of the last report, including the name and address of each person or group contributing more than $50'), the amount contributed by each and the date of the contribution, L Within seven days after his appointment, and 2. On the 4th Monday preceding a primary or ge, eral election, as of the preceding Friday, 3. The final report during the campaign, containing all contributions received since the last report, shall be made as of the seventh day preceding the date of the primary or general election and shall be filed no later than noon of the fifth day preceding said election. The final report shall be filed fifteen days after the election. (c) Subsection (2) (b) 1. does not apply to state and county executive committees. (d) In making the preceding reports, proceeds from the sale of tickets for events such as dinners, luncheons, rallies and similar fund raising events, mass collecting', made at such events, and sales of items such as campaign pins, buttons, hats, ties, literature and similar materials, the total gross receipts from eneh. category shall be listed. The operational costs of the headquarters of a State Central Committee not directly related to an election need not be reported. (e) The foregoing reports shall contain a complete statement of all expenditures authorized, incurred, or made, by the person or committee submitting the report. (1966 e 216, I8. E. 6-16-66) (3) All reports required by KRS 123.005, 123.051 to 123.101 and 123.991 shall be open to the public for in spetion. CRS- 7 1 Kentucky (continued)

(1966 c 216, 18. Eff. 6-16-06) (4) If a candidate is unopposed in a primary or election after the time prescribed by law for qualifying for nomination or election to the office, then his obligation to file the reports required by KRS 123.005, 123.051 to 123.101 and 123.991 shall cease, but he may continue to file such reports voluntarily if he so chooses. A candidate who is opposed but receives no contribution or makes no expenditures shall so report on the dates designated in subsection (2) (b) 2., and tile all reports required by KRS 123.005, 123.051 to 123.101 and 123.991. (1966 c 216, 8. EfT. 6-16-66)

2. Expenditure Limitations None

3. Regulations on Contributions

123.010 [1565b-1 Contributions to candidates by corporations prohibited. No corporation, and no officer or agent of a corpor' - tion on its behalf, shall contribute, either directly or indirectly, any money, service or other thing of value towards the nomination or election of any state, county, district officer, or pay, promise, loan or become city or other pecuniarily liable in any way for any money or valuable thing on behalf of any candidate for office at held any election, primary or nominating convention in this state. No attorney or other person shall accept employment and compensation from a corporation with the understanding or agreement, either direct or implied, that he will contribute to any such candidate, or on his behalf, any part or all of such compensation, towards the nomination or election of such candidate. 123.020 [1574a-1; 1574a-2] Contributions to political organizations by corporations prohibited. (1) No corporation organized or authorized to do bui- ness in this state shall, by itself or by or through an

officer, agent, attorney or employe, subscribe, give, procure or furnish, or afterwards reimburse or compensate in any way any person who has subscribed, given, procured or furnished, any money, privilege, favor or other thing of value to any political or quasi political organization, or any officer or member thereof, to be used by such organization for any purpose whatever. (2) No officer, agent, attorney or employee of any corporation organized or authorized to do business in this state, or person acting for or representing any such corporation, shall disburse, distribute, pay out or in any way handle any money, funds or other thing of value that belongs to or has been or is being furnished by any such corporation or any officer, agent, attorney or employee thereof to be used or employed in any way for the purpose of aiding, assisting or advancing the cause of any political or quasi political organization or of any candidate for public office in any way whatever. CBS- 72 Kentucky (continued)

123.030 [1565h-I] Contributions to certain cand- dates by individuals prohibited. No person other than a corporation, and no agent of such person on his behalf, shall contribute, either directly or indirectly, any ney, service or other thing of value towards the nomination or election of any state, county, city or district officer wiho, in his official capacity, is required by law to perform any duties peculiar to such person not common to the general public, or to supervie, regulate or control in any manner the affairs of such person, or to perform any duty in assessing the property ot such poison for taxation. No such person, and no agent of such person on his behalf, shall pay, promise, boan oi be come paconiuridy liable in any way for any miOnli or oth er valuahlc thing on bethalf of any cindidaite for any such oice at any election, prininry or nominating convention held in this state. No attorney or other person shall accept employment aiid comp 'n> t ion frwn any such person wiith the undertaking or agreement, either direct or implied, that he will contribute to any candidate for any such office, or on his behalf, any Part or all of such coimpensation, towards the nomination or election of such candidate.

123.095 IdentificatIon of contributors and advertisers. (I) No coutributtons of money or other thing of value, nor obtigarion tneretor, snail he made, and no expenditure 1 t mullyNr 01thttr thin, cx vA ie, no c blid tion therefor, shall be made or incurred in excess of 4100.00, directly or indirectly, anonymously, in a Doc-

tition nam, ir by . prn or gr[oiup in Ph 'am 111 anc. a to oup irt or des It a caidate in an tetian.

4. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated None

C. Political Camaign Material

Sec. 123.095

t (2) All advNir camet , I'b ers ndb .s, pid P 1rt wlind radio 'tie 'a vita anil s'er c an stn in'ned'l so ord tde.t a a t 'lcte sh ' lbe s'ned orsi id ts.ce rds "p'il 'l y'' loll wed by 'o name a u. :. if t .' conm'itt"e cr1 the te scr 'ton. xw'osaht P thAconn1"itin :'p per Ne fteeiovsnd redio broadx sts c iip' ee wi th 1 erc Connt nPa Co'mmt ion r ala tiol rcz'io sponsored pro, am. and broader L by cast- '.ida'itPr pabhia onte sha4 be censidered nijpheane with tnt si bsetioa. (Ibod S t0 12-P13EI. OS. 1940 c 2lQ, 10)

y ... - . a f - s n ., -, .. - . u..^- t.;v..r+7.au "-. v,:-+ , .x.. .. ,. _: tiM .ir. .,..., ..- uryy-,a-..: , :y: ,: t_,... ,. ... ,. .s -r CRS-T3 Kentucky (continued)

D. Offenses Generally

CHAPTER 123

CORRUPT PRACTICES

123.005 Definition of terms in KES 123.051 to 123.061 Duties and powers of registry KRS 123.101 123.065 Campaign contributions and expendi- 123.010 Contributions to candidates by corpora- tures, regulations. tions prohibited 123.071 Campaign treasurers 123.020 Contributions to political organizations 123.075 Registration of committees by corporations prohibited 123.086 Reports of executive 123.030 Contributions committees and to certain candidates by campaign treasurers; time for making; individuals prohibited contents 123.040 Candidate not to make espenditure, or 123.095 Identification of contributors and ad- agreement as to action when elected, to vertisers secure vote or support 123.101 Reports kept two years; evidence 123.045 Political advertising charged at ordinary rate; injunction 123.110 Employe's vote not to be coerced 123.051 Applicability 123.120 Assessment of state or Federal employ, 123.055 Registry of election finance; members; prohibited appointment; qualifications; terms; va- 123.990 Penalties cancies; meetings; compensation 123.991 Penalties

CHAPTER 124

ELECTION OFF-ENSES AND PROSECUTIONS

124.010 Clerk making or permitting wrongful 124.200 Providing another with intoxicants on registration, or failing to deliver copies election day of registration records 124.210 County board of election commissioners 124.020 Person wrongfully registering denying rights of inspector 124.030 Alteration, suppression, mutilation or 124.220 Fabricating, altering, suppressing or de- destruction of registration record; mak- stroying stub book, return or certificate ing or use of false or frandalent record of election 124.040 Interfering with registration 124.230 Member of board of election commis- 124.050 Alteration or suppression of nomination sioners violating law or failing to per- papers form duties 124.060 Forgery of nomination papers 124.240 Intimidating election officer or board 124.070 Clerk failing to place candidate's name of election commissioners on ballot 124.250 Violations of duties for which no other 124.080 Clerk not using proper paper for ballots penalty is provided 124.090 Printer violating duty in printing bal- 124.260 Advising or assisting violation of elec- lots tion laws 124.100 Removal or destruction of election 124.270 Irregularity in convening or conducting booths or supplies election no defense 124.110 Sheriff failing to hold election or per- 124.280 Penalties applicable to regular elections form other duty concerning election apply to primaries and to elections for 124.120 Election officer failing to perform duty United States Senator 124.130 Election officer refusing to admit chal- 124.290 Election officers to report violations; lenger may arrest offenders 124.140 Preventing voter from casting ballot; 1242300 Grand jury may compel testimony as to interfering with election violations of election laWs 124.150 False personation of voter; nonresident 124.310 Grand jury may compel production of or unqualified person voting; repeating evidence relating to corrupt practices .24.160 Election officer receiving illegal vote or 124.:20 Evidence required to support conviction rejecting legal Tote for violating alection laws 24.170 Disobeying election officer's command 124.330 Witnesses not exempted from giving 24.180 Removing or tampering with ballots self-criminating testimony; Immunity 24.190 Bribery 124.340 Limitation of prosecutions soulSs

Unless otherwise designated, references are to La. iev. sa . ann.,

West's A to the 1973 Snpplment thereto, Title iS.

A. Franduent Voting a Registration

in l222:Pal or iegal registration; false statements

affdavits or other documents. Provides penalty fr registering falsely t or legally as a vot r, or main a false statement in n affidavit

procure oneself to be registered.

$588: Provides pen lty for (I) voting or attnpin to vote

en one is not qualified; (2) voting or attempting t vote more than or an oncc; (3) voting or attcmptiig to ote n the nm o anothi

assumed name.

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting None

2. Epnditure Limtations None

3. Regations on Contribntions a. Corporations

M 14u. C n I Wtons or noais to )01 at patrAt NJ 1.ti , compiny, 0 ) 0sn 1r 1 m . y tr irl r hiretiy co it' , 01Ae, Ir 1 :1 _ L en lcd en <. itO d or cth pi Qetyto an olmtcal pAt ortfe tn tj ay conmtte or indixid'al epr'u uPn th arty er an ,:r,. No seh cororfln,eonmpany, or as CCIation 611 d, Thpm, t r (r (10e thie eCto o f an 'ndividual who in'y be cia e f al istrit, panrIs. mt- pic ij ' cO in thc s cie 'a i any eongres nielsla I lee ist iet, se oo district, Cr'i'a g' disPrct, or other sLbii o sa

------15-75 iouisiana (e< 111

Ii. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated None

C. Political Campaign Material

0'* Utunea P of eron or ocwl 7'tiot pA n Ur ibout I hm I cnernungem vnidte; pcex y N vn sall puxi h e Um tt o C Ue tOP le Ui ,ne in dis t r ueI n printeU mu rphed, phloP g ipihed, nmnme0e iiild NI]er fl(St'M '1 r- n rt< 011 1rwrttnj p lt (Arcular cr S n, a othr tatmrn, elat'vx to o -i Ah S for election Ar nomrn. tn in any prim mly, Un- S on to. an state,p paOChia muncipal bdit vr wud dii Ac, for is pib jlt co pe'sonar 'Cle Pn 1n (ss 21101d >1' v 1. r tihation. Ii eC, lo c don, t re shail e namn of 11l the offi o tV full an1 ret i i tU 01 ntic Vomba r

0 w''eLI '01 7 i.': ;1cti imo o Ic t nIae thousand d1ar 0' Iipi ;rno xi ilvn one 'c'r nor mc

D. Offenses GeneraL:

Chapter 3. General El etions Part I. Pro'si01 ns for General etiont Sub-Part A. Gerneral Povis'on Sees. 5h1-593 Sub-Part B.Nor tati anidates Sees. 621-634 Sub-Part E. DelLive of Ballots Sees. 701-703 Sub-Part G. P eprat'on of Ballot 4n Vot'ng Sees. 731-739

haterr 8. Political Contributions or Other Activity Prt I. Coloration or Associations Secs. 1 81-1496. Part 11 Pblication or Distribution o L'terature. Sees . 1531-153.

.'l "4 '.y.r s - } v. '^' : 1...... ""..Y.1R'r .Y T M3-.yw..hn h Y t .... y . . -R "!M1! ^ .. r .. y. F...'3' .i' Y: n n . .F > '(W ' .ni]I'n'."v.: /nNa _ .vt(} vw.....,y r._. "" A':' fn'^xv a r ,n.. 1. n .i. 1 Y Y . CRS-76

MAINE

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. and to the 1972-1973 Supplement thereto, Title 21.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Registration, False Statements

1579: (2) False registration or enrollment. Provides for

penalty for knowingly making a false statement or taking a false oath

before an election official concerning the qualification of any person

for registration. (4) Dual registration. Provides for penalty for

knowingly registering in more than one voting district or municipality

without revealing prior registration to registrar.

Voting-

V 1579: (20) Improper voting. A person who votes or attempts

to vote knowing that he is not eligible to do so, or who votes more

than once at the same election. (17) Voting under assumed name.

(14) Aiding ineligible voter. A person who aids another in voting knowing

that the voter is not eligible to vote.

B. Campaign Financing

1391. Applicability and construction of provisions This chapter applies to candidates for all state and county offices, to campaigns for their nomination or election, and to campaigns for the promotion or defeat of a party, principle, initiative or referendum question. Reference to the promotion 'or defeat of a candidate includes the promotion or defeat of a party, principle, initiative or referendum question. MM

I. Rep rating

1397. Reports Campaign reports must be fied with the Sec ret wry of Stat e by each candidate mnd by the treasurer of each candidate or political committee. 1. Exception. The t reasur r of a municipal committee shall not file mpaign reports wx ith the Secretaiy of State, but the amounts of money received and spent, and the liabilities incurred by his commnte shall be tiled with thu ticasurer of the county committee, wxho shall torwn such reports xwith the county corn- mittee report to the Secretar y of State. 1961, c.408, i11-A.

2. When filed. A preliminary report must be filed with the Secretary of State not less than 10 nor nore than 15 days before a general election. A final report must be filed with the Secretary of State within 30 days after any election showing the totals of the entire campaign. 21. 1963, c. 78, W 3. Content. The report must contain the itenzcd amounts of money received to date and the name and address of each donor. It must contain thu itemized amounts of money spent and liability incurred to date, the purpose of each, and the name of each payee and creditor. A. Excephions. The name and address of a donor of less than $50 need not be included. Total contributions or total expenditures of less than $100 need not be itemized. 1961, c. 360, 1, c. 498, 11-A ; 1963, c. 78, 21. 2. Expenditure Limitaticrns 3 1395. Disbursement of money Only a treasurer or a candidate may spend money to promote or defeat a candidate. 9 * * * * a a a * a * * 3. General election. Noitihsrandliiig any otiter prot isions of law, no candidate ftr eoltii *ffeo in .t i:nracilect ion shill dis'pensc on behalf at such cani d ic~y f r atixerris ng is iiis ribted iin section loT, .in amount of moucy greater iii in th a ati salait niiiioi e for such office in any one yeair or lit nitlti iii by the it [ithr it tons cast for all Ic g tlt qa tlfed candidat ,s for so di of fice at tin ihisr precedtiig generati election for such otfi@e twhie.tr :unoni ik the greater, \xct p that no candidate for the ILegislatire si iii expnad aii :iinoat exe ding the manual iiltry for that office tind ept tti't t ciiI'at for c. itera r a ni f united Siates S nior shall ibe nl owd to tsp as, in ore ii, paint pr"' ideda inthln subVeccion. A. Exception. Expi aditarts hr e a iidIatOs for the office of Sitite St nator

4. Primary election. Nminra um at ta r vat i ins if bitt no candidtc for yuiittica owe ii tt ifiiprt'ry cciio shitli tispc ise oii hi.half of such candidly for *acitirtising, as described iii sittioli lMa an amount of Money greater than 50% of either alternative specified in subsection 3, which. ever amount is the greater A. Exception. Fxpendutures by candidates for the office of State Senator and fleprest itatit e to the ILegislatare shall be based on biennial salary. 5. ExpendIture in behalf of. Amounts spent on behalf of any candidate for political office, as sped!fled in subsectIons .3 and 4 shall be deeme-d to hate been spent by such candidate. &. -by others. No person, associatIon, corporatIon or combination thereof shall dispense tunas on behalf of a candidate for publIc office without written approval of said candidate. 7. AgaInst a candidate. No person, association, corporationn or comnhina- tlon thereof shnll clispense. fowls against a candidate for public office and thereby be Indirectly supporting the candidacy of another it hout the written approval of the beneficiary thereof

... y....x r}-.+a v,^. ,i ^"t'.!: :hn u4 -= ' ayr!'w c',"'L.r. M1^ n..w , ".iyF .'T'f '.. rii Y :'...... nY. ".'V: t-* ,.1'Y " n fii oc rck 74i-r ., - Maine (continued) CRS-78

3. Regulations on Contributions In Name Other Than Own

Sec. 1579. Misdemeanors

25. Improper contribution. A person who contributes money to a treasurer or candidate in any name other than his own, or a treasurer or candidate who knowingly accepts or records a contribution in any name other than that of the donor;

4. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated. None

C. Political Campaign Material

1575. Identification of political advertisements The source of a written or oral advertisement which is designed to promote or defeat a candidate, party or principle must

be identified by disclosing as part of the advertisement the name of the person or chairman of the organization which sponsored it. 10. Written political advertisement. Every wvriiten p)olifiial advertise- nfant piblishe'd ad distrihbted as a flyer, handbill or other nonperiodical puhi , tioinj .hall state thermun the name of the print shop, printer or person printing, mimeographing or otherwise publishing the advertisement.

D. Penalties Generally

1579. Misdemeanors Whoever commits any act described in this section shall be punished by a fine of not more than $1,000 or by imprisonment for not more than 11 months, or by both. 1. Public officials. An official who knowingly fails or refuses to perform a duty required of him by this Title; - 2. False registration or enrollment. A person who knowingly makes a false statement or takes a false oath before an official concerning the qualification of any person for registration or enrollment, or who enters the name of a person on a voting list or general register knowing it should not have been entered;

3. Fraudulent removal. A person who removes the name of a voter from a voting list or general register, knowing it should not have been removed; 4. Dual registration. A person who knwingly registers in more than one voting district or municipality without revealing his prior registration to the registrar; 5. Failure to enforce educational test. Repealed. 1971, c. 65, 25. 6. Public records. A person who defaces, falsifies or suppresses a public record; or who knowingly makes a false public record; or who destroys a public record, except as permitted by section 1578; Maine (continued) CRS-79

7. Ballots and checklists. A person who defaces, falsifies or suppresses a ballot or checklist; or who knowingly makes a false checklist; or who destroys a ballot or checklist, except as permitted by section 1578; 8. Notices, specimen ballots and instructions. A person who destroys or defaces a posted notice, specimen ballot or instruction poster before the election to which it pertains is over; 9. Failure to report. A person or organization which receives, spends or promises money without reporting it as required by this Title; 10. Excess spending. A person or organization which spends more for any purpose than the amount stated in the final campaign report; 11. False statement. A person or organization which makes a false statement in a campaign report; 12. Failure to file. A person or organization which fails to file a campaign report as required by this Title; 13. Failure to vote in person. A person who has voted by absentee ballot but who is present and able to vote in person at the proper voting place on election day and fails to do so; 14. Aiding ineligible voter. A person who aids another in voting knowing that the voter is not eligible to vote; 15. Removing ballot from voting place. A person who removes a ballot from a voting place on election day except as authorized by this Title; 16. Failure to identify advertisement. A person or organization which fails to identify as required by section 1575 an advertisement designed to promote or defeat a candidate, party or principle by disclosing as part of the advertisement the name of the person or chairman of the organization which sponsored it; 17. Voting under assumed name. A person who votes or attempts to vote by using the name of another; 17-A. Soliciting certain votes. A person who solicits votes from the mentally ill and persons committed to jails and the State Prison; 1965, c. 103; 1967, c. 225; 23. 18. Interference with voter. A person who interferes with a voter attempting to cast his vote in the voting place or who interferes with or attempts to illegally influence a voter in marking his ballot; 1965, c. 451, 12. 19. Assistance in voting. A person who assists or offers to assist a voter in marking his ballot before being requested to do so by the warden;

20. Improper voting. A person who votes or attempts to vote knowing that he is not eligible to do so, or who votes more than once at the same election;

21. Ballot revealed. A person who shows his marked ballot to another for the purpose of revealing how he voted; 22. Tampering with ballots. Repealed. 1969, c. 72, 1. 23. Damaging voting machines. A person who willfully damages a voting machine; 24. Unauthorized handling of voting machines. A person who attempts to alter, operate, adjust, move, unlock or unseal a voting machine contrary to a provision of this Title; 25. Improper contribution. A person who contributes money to a treasurer or candidate in any name other than his own, or al treasurer or candidate who knowingly accepts or records a contribution in any name other than that of the donor;

26. General penalty. A person who performs an act prohibited by this Title for which no penalty has been provided; 27. Failure to pay fine. A person who fails to pay any fine assessed by the Campaign Reports Committee; 28. Unoilcial specimen ballot. A person, candidate or political commit.- tee who prepares or circulates a paper in the form of a ballot or a part thereof on which is imprinted the words SPECIMEN BALLOT or the instructions in section 701, subsection 2, paragraph A or section 702, subsection 2, paragraph C. 1969,c. 215, 3. Maine (continued) CRS-80

g 1580. Felonies Whoever commits any act described in this section shall be punished by a fine of not more than $2,000 or by imprisonment for not more than 2 years, or both. 1. Public official. An official who knowingly fails or refuses to perform a duty required of him by this Title and receives money or anything of value for so doing; 2. Unreasonable delay or refusal. A person who knowingly causes a delay in the registration or enrollment of another or in the delivery of a ballot or an application for an absentee ballot so as to prevent a person from voting, or so as to render his vote ineffective; or who refuses to allow a person to vote who has qualified as required by this Title; 3. Offer of money. A person who offers money' or anything of value to another to induce him to vote for or against a candidate, party or principle; 4. Solicitation of money. A person who solicits or accepts money or anything of value and in consideration offers to vote for or against a candidate, political party or principle; 5. Offer of position. A person who offers to appoint another to a position of honor, trust or profit in consideration of the support of the other in securing his election to public office; 6. Solicitation of position. A person who solicits appointment to a position of honor, trust or profit in consideration of his support in securing the election of another to public office; 7. Tampering with voting machines. A person who tampers with a voting machine for the purpose of causing it to operate in any other manner than it was designed to operate.

8. Forging or altering absentee ballots or applications therefor. A person who forges or alters the name of a voter on an absentee ballot or the application therefor. 1967, c. 161, 2. 9. Tampering with ballots. A person who tampers with ballots or checklists or who breaks a seal or opens any sealed box or package of ballots or checklists, except as permitted by this Title. 1969, c. 72, 2. CRS-81

MARYLAND

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Md. Ann..Code of 1957

(1971 Replacement Vol.) and to the 1972 Supplement thereto, Article 33.

A. Fraudulent Voting and Registration

Registration

24-1: False registration. Provides penalty for certain acts

including false personation, registering under false or fictitious name,

registering to vote in two election districts or precincts, attempting

or offering to register in a precinct not having a legal right to register

therein, or aiding or counselling in any of these acts. False Swearing

Sec. 24-12. Perjury. Prohibits willfull and false swearing or affirming in taking any oath or affirmation prescribed by or upon any examination provided for in this article. Sec. 24-13. Suborination of perjury. Prohibits advising, inducing, or procuring any person to swear falsely.

Voting

Sec. 24-2. False voting and other willful acts. Prohibits certain acts including false personation of a voter, voting or attempting to vote in the name of another or a fictitious name, to vote more than once for any candidate, to vote or offer to vote in any election district without having a legal right to vote therein, to vote more than once or in more than one election district, to aid, counsel or advice anyone to do any of these acts.

B. Campaign Financing

26-1. Elections to which applicable. The provisions of this subtitle shall apply to all elections in which ballots shall be cast pursuant to the provisions of this article. (1957, ch. 739, 1; 1967, ch. 392, 1; 1968, ch. 613.) CRS-82 Maryland continuedd)

1. Reporting

26-11. Election reports to be filed by treasurer. (a) The treasurer designated by a candidate for nomination or election shall file the report or statement of contributions and expenditures as prescribed in 26-12 of this article with the board at which the candidate filed his certificate of candidacy. Election reports as specified below are required by all candidates for public or party office whether or not the candidate's name appears on the primary ballot. The board and the State Ad- ministrative Board of Election Laws shall provide a receipt for each such report received. Each report shall be filed: (1) No later than noon on the seventh day preceding any election and this report shall contain all contributions received and expenditures made in furtherance of the candidate's nomination by the candidate himself, or with the knowledge of the candidate, by any other person or groups of persons since the date of the last preceding election to fill the office for which he is a candidate; and (2) No later than noon on the thirtieth day after the election or prior to taking office, whichever first occurs; and (3) If any unpaid bills or deficits remain to be paid at the time the report or statement in subsection (a) (2) above is filed, sixty (60) days after the election; and (4) If any unpaid bills or deficits remain to be paid at the time the report or statement in subsection (a) (3) above is filed, six months after the election; and (5) If any unpaid bills or deficits remain to be paid at the time the report or statement in subsection (a) (4) above is filed, one year after the election. (c) The treasurer of any State or local central committee or the treasurer of any political committee which continues in existence from year to year, excluding the treasurers of political clubs, shall file the report or statement of contributions and expenditures as prescribed in 26-12 of this article with the State Administrative Board of Election Laws by no later than noon on the seventh day preceding and the thirtieth day following any election. (e) Whenever any report is required to be filed by a certain date, it shall be considered timely if it is mailed and bears a postmark on or before the required date, regardless of when it is actually received. (f) The provisions of this section shall apply to all committees and treasurers for candidates for public or party office located outside of the geo- graphic boundaries of the State with respect to all expenditures of funds within the State of Maryland. (1971, ch. 226; ch. 352, 1, 2.)

---- l

CRS-83 Maryland (continued)

2. Expenditure Limitations

26-8. Contributions and expenses of candidate. (a) Contributions.-Any person who is a candidate for nomination for public office or a candidate for public or party office may make voluntary contributions or payment of money to any treasurer or subtreasurer, subject to the provisions and restrictions of this article and for any of the purposes permitted by this article and for no other purposes. (b) Expenses.-Any person who is a candidate for nomination for public office or a candidate for public or party office may pay his own personal expenses for filing fees, telegrams, telephoning, travel and board. The payment of such personal expenses shall not be subject to the limitation provided in subsection (c) of this section. (c) Limits.-No candidate for nomination or election to a public or party office shall expend or permit to be expended, either directly or indirectly, from his or her personal funds, in either the primary or the general election, an amount in excess of the amounts set forth hereafter respectively for the office to be sought, nor shall said candidate make or permit to be made any payment, contribution, expenditure or promise or incur any liability to pay, contribute or expend, from his own personal financial resources, any money or thing of value in excess of the following respective amounts by a candidate for nomination or election to the office respectively set forth as follows: Candidate for State-wide office or for the United States Senate $20,000; Candidate for city-wide office in Baltimore City .. $15,000; Candidate for representative in Congress $10,000; Candidate for office in a voting district with a voting registration of not. less than 200,000 $10,000; Candidate for office in a voting district with a voting registration of not less than 100,04 or not more than 200,000 . $ 7,500; Candidate for office in a voting district with a voting registration of not less than 40,000 or not more than 100,000 . . . $ 5,000. All other candidates . $ 2,500. The respective limits set forth herein shall constitute a separate limit for each of the primary and the general elections, and shall not be construed as a limit on the total of the two elections. Any payment, expenditure, contribution, promise or liability which may be made or incurred, directly or indirectly, by the spouse of any candidate for nomination for or election to party or public office shall be charged against the candidate as if made by the candidate himself. (1957, ch. 739, 1; 1965, ch. 744; 1967, ch. 392, 1; 1968, ch. 613.) cRs-84 Maryland (continued)

3. Regulations on Contributions

a) Sec. 26-7(c) Anonymous Contributions other thing of value re- (c) Anonymous contributions.-Any money or sub- ceived from any unknown person or source by any treasurer or any incur obligations or treasurer, or other persons or committee authorized to the provisions of this arti- to pay or defray obligations or expenses under whatsoever, but shall be cle, shall not be used for any political purpose committee so paid by the treasurer, subtreasurer, or other persons or receiving the same, to the Treasurer of the State of Maryland. b) Contribution Limitation 26-9. Contributions and expenses of persons not candidates. (b) Limit of contributions.-It shall be unlawful for any individual, association, unincorporated association, corporation, or any other entity either directly or indirectly, to contribute any money or thing of value greater than two thousand five hundred dollars ($2,500) in any primary or general election. (1971, ch. 352, 1.)

c) 26-16(5) Contributions in false name (5) Pclitical Contributions in False Name. Every person who shall, directly or indirectly, by himself or through another person, make a payment, or promise of payment, to a treasurer or subtreasurer, or candidate, in any other name than his own, and every treasurer or subtreasurer or candidate who shall knowingly receive a payment, or promise of payment, and enter the same or cause the same to be entered in his accounts in any other name than that of the person by whom such payment or promise of payment is made.

4. Lawful Expenditures 26-10. Expenditures by treasurer or subtreasurer. (a) Proper expenditures.--It shall be lawful for any treasurer or subtreasurer in connection with any election and in making provisions therefor, to pay all lawful expenses including, but not limited to, the following expenses: (1) hiring of halls and music for the conventions, public meetings and public primaries and for advertising the same; (2) printing and circulating political articles, circulars, pamphlets and books or renting radio and television time and newspaper space for political speeches and advertising; (3) printing and distributing the sample or specimen ballots and instructions to voters, subject, however, to such prohibitions or restrictions as may be imposed by this article upon the publication and distribution of such sample or specimen ballots or instructions; U) renting rooms and headquarters to be used by political committees; (5) compensating clerks, stenographers and typists employed in the committee rooms; (6) traveling and other legitimate expenses of political agents, committees and public speakers; (7) necessary postage, stationery, telegrams, telephoning, and printing expenses; (8) cost Land expenses of messengers sent by direction of the enairman of the State central committee of any political party in connection with party matters or interests, and ak o the cost and expenses of any person or persons summouicd by or at th instance of the chairman of the State central committee of any political party to the committee's headquarters or oifices in connection with party matters or interests and also for the accommodation of such persons; (9) *aryl..ad(continned) CRS85

.1 : 3 in N d t tiy h hairmn n State cet~a Ito Uitt anpoltcal rty Xprovidin C Tccmmda the b f t ntralcomitt r ortet r tn c;s m rnbr,iwhenasembln er n mtng f sid cmrtt or Uistg the headearzm o said c mitt a in aethon withprymt

T far ren a tttement fmony ude.-Anystate- men e nays aoin a treasret r aubtr mat be ted fr pyent to si raue rsbraue dhntit S)dy at lwi ehe eloctn in enection wth wheh sn Iiabirt wa aerd. (a) Tre asr. of Stat niat arnmitte. - The tan"O a13inted and acting fr or in caoe ti n with the State ctal cmrtee of the Sta of any holes!a party sha H not erpnd or disburse~ ay aoney ar vainabit thing, or incur any liability whatsoever, except by the authort and subjec to the direction xf the ch irman of the Stte cantra comw mltte af th State for or in conviction wi th which said treasurer mnay be app onted or acting. (1957, c. 73, ; 1965, lh. 744; 1967, ch. 392, 1:19 8,c 1561.)

C. P tic C aign Materi

sec. 26-i6(y)

(7) Camrpaign Literature Evr neron who publish or itiue thcans to b ieub'whd or distrbuted an pht a, dodgr, pstar, advert'samant or any printed, ti grap o, photogrphed ten r wrttanm at ra ta nt orany tter or aament whi may bcanad by any day or metd now known for hunting r cpy ng or which may herate e usad for raking coits of rnte or written matter in any aor v atevr tor publicalion or distr bt on, e atng to or eoncatniag a.y candidate or prospeIiva candidIste o pub:i or party oc ar tier e acc netc ordlfat tfany propoltionunlass such pamphiae crular, card dgrpostr, ade wiemet or ate for of pulical on hatein dsCriae n c na the usa and addras a f the ter a n, uadid te or his Irasrat or olilies! agent reapon ila tor the pub lie an ar distributton of the same, a.capt that i' the pars a, candidate or ai trasurer or olitica! agent has f ranshe his addrs tthe apr- prit Nor the literature aee nt Iontin an address.

P. Offenses Gener~l

Ofns d P. ne 21. Fa co ritration. 54-4. Fals. voting and other wilful ate.. 14-4. Nogloct or fraud by officals. 24-4. ElectIon ofic Ias not sorvng. 54-4. Absence of eke tin aea

R i

_ , CRS-86 Maryland (continued)

24-9. False tallies or certificates. 24-10. Adding votes to machines and stuffing ballot boxes. 24-11. Defacing or removing records. 24-12. Perjury. 24-13. Subornation of perjury. 24-14. Voting by person who has lost civil rights. 24-15. Disobedience to election officials. 24-16. Breach of the peace. 24-17. Hindering election officials. 24-18. Destroying ballot box; defacing election records. 24-19. Tampering with voting machines. 24-20. Fraudulent certificates or endorsements. - 24-21. Removal or destruction of equipment. 24-22. Offenses as to ballots and balloting in general. 24-23. Defacing and illegal possession of ballots; illegal electioneering. 24-24. Use of alcoholic beverages. 24-25. Wagers on elections. 24-26. Time off for employees to vote. 24-27. General penalty. 24-28. Defenses. 24-29. Referenda. 24-30. Enforcement duties of supervisors. 24-31. Selection of jurors. Miscellaneous Provisions 25-1. Oaths. 25-2. Publication of election laws. 25-3. Instructions of Attorney General. Fair Election Practices 26-1. Elections to which applicable. 26-2. Summary of election laws; forms. 26-3. Appointment of treasurer, subtreasurer or political agent; subtreasurer's report; candidate joining ticket or slate. 26-4. Appointment of treasurer by political committee; reports. 26-5. Appointment and reports of subtreasurer; campaign depositories. 26-6. Contributions and expenditures must pass through treasurer. 26-7. Books, records and receipts of treasurer or subtreasurar. 26-8. Contributions and expenses of candidate. 26-9. Contributions and expenses of persons not candidates. 26-10. Expenditures by treasurer or subtreasurer. 26-11. Election reports to be filed by treasurer. Sec. 26-12. Forms of report of expenditures and contributions. 26-13. Requirements of election reports. 26-14. Custody of reports. 26-15. Perjury. 26-16. Offenses constituting prohibited practices. 26-17. Requirements concerning advertising; rates. 26-17.1. Retention of samples of political matter published or distributed. 26-18. Procedure on petition. 26-19. Witnesses and costs in court pre- eeeding. 26-20. Penalty for violations. 26-21. Injunction. CRS-87

MASSACHUSETTS

are to Mass. Gen. Laws Ann. Unless otherwise designated, references and to the 1973 Supplement thereto, Chapter 56.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Registration or 8: Illegal registration, etc. Prohibits registering voter, giving attempting to register by one knowing he is not a qualified official and aiding a false answer or fictitious name to any registration

or abetting in the doing of such acts.

False Searing willfully taking 6: False oath, etc. Prohibits knowingly or a false certificate a false oath, making a false affidavit, or signing

relative to the qualifications for voting.

7: Aiding or abetting false oath.

Voting voting or 26: Illegal voting or attempt to vote. Prohibits voting or attempting to vote knowing one is not a qualified voter, or attempting to attempting to vote more than once in own name, voting name other than own, vote in more than one election precinct, voting in to vote otherwise casting more than one ballot, or voting or attempting illegally.

28: Illegal voting; aiding or abetting.

B. Campaign Financing Ch. 55

1. Reporting 1

cRs-88 Massachusetts (continued)

* 16. Persons required to file; contents; time limits; penalty Except as otherwise provided herein, every candidate for nomination for or election to a public office, and the treasurer of every political committee receiving, expending or disbursing any money or its equivalent, or incurring any liability to pay money in connection with any nomination or election to an amount exceeding fifty collars during any reporting period hereunder, shall tile a statement setting forth the name and residential address of each contributor listed alphabetically in the case of an individual or political committee and the data required by section eight in the case of a trust, foundation or other association and the total amount of contributions from such contributor and each sum of money and thing of value expended, contributed or promised by him or it or by a person on his or its behalf, for the purpose of securing or in any way affecting the nomination or election to office of any candidate and the name of the person or political committee to or by whom the payment, contribution or promise was made, the name and address of the recipient thereof and the date thereof and, unless such expenditure or dishurse- ment was made to another political committee, shall clearly state the purpose of such expenditure or disbursement, or, if less thaz an aggregate of fifty dollars has been paid or promised to him or it, or to a person on his or its behalf or contributed, expended or promised by him or it or by a person on his or Its behalf, a statement to that effect. Such statement shall also set forth the date and amount of each then existing promise or liability, from such candidate or committee, remaining unfulfilled and in force when the statement is made, the name of the person or committee to whom the liability exists, and a clear statement of the purpose for which it was incurred. Such a statement shall be filed as follows: (a) By a candidate for nomination as aforesaid at a primary or caucus preceding a special state, city or town election and by any non-elected political committee authorized by such a candidate, within thirty days after such primary or caucus for the period ending on the date of such primary or caucus; (b) By a candidate for nomination as aforesaid at any other primary or caucus and by any political committee within thirty days after the date of such primary ; (c) By a candidate or committee required to designate a depository by section seventeen, upon such designation for the period ending on the date of such designation; (d) By a candidate for election as aforesaid and by every elected and non-elected political committee for the period starting with the date of the primary or caucus, if any, and ending with the date of election within thirty days after the date of the election; and (e) By a committee organized under the provisions of section four to favor or oppose a question submitted to the voters, on the date of organization, and on the sixtieth day prior to the election, showing all receipts and expenditures and liabilities accrued until said date, and thereafter every fifth and twentieth day of the month, until all declared liabilities of such committee have been discharged, if the question appears on ballots at a state election. If the question appears on a ballot at a municipal election, said committee shall file its initial report with the city or town clerk upon organization, and no later than the thirtieth day following the election shall file a second, and final report. Roth reports shall list all receipts, expenditures and liabilities incurred to the reporting date. If the aggregate receipts or disbursements of a candidate or political committee in connection with any reporting period hereunder shall not exceed fifty dollars, then so statement shall be necessary for such period, or if such a candidate or committee has not received, expended or disbursed any money or its equivalent, or incurred any liability, in connection with the nomination or election, then no statement shall be necessary during such reporting periods : however, in either case, the candidate and political committee shall, within thirty days after the election, file a statement stating that his or its aggregate receipts or disbursements for any reporting period hereunder did not exceed the sum of fifty dollars. Violation of any provision of this section shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than six months or by a fine of not more than five hundred dollars. Amended by St.1962, c. 44--, 7; St.1967, c. 281; St.1972, c. 241, 12; St.1972, c. 472. CRS-89 Massachusetts (continued) 2. Expenditure Limitations

17A. Campaign expenditures; limitations Text of section effective Jan. I, 1974 As used in this section "campaign expenses" shall mean any expenditure for television or radio time or for newspaper, billboard, magazine, or postage expenses

and shall include expenditures by a candidate, a political committee or any person on behalf of a candidate. Any candidate for elective office in the commonwealth shall not in a state election expend monies for campaign expense in excess of the following: Governor, Lieutenant-Governor $500,000 United States Senator subject to the provisions of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 19721. Attorney General $250,000 Secretary $100,000 Treasurer and Receiver General $100,000 Auditor $100,000 Governor's Councillor $ 25,000 United States Congress subject to the provisions of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1972. State Senator $ 15,000 Representative to the General Court1 $ 5,000 Any candidate for nomination to public office in the commonwealth shall not in primary election expend monies for campaign expense in excess of the following: Governor $500,000 United States Senator subject to the provisions of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1972. Lieutenant-Governor $100,000 Attorney General $250,000 Secretary $100,000 Treasurer and Receiver General $100,000 Auditor $100,000 Governor's Councillor $ 25,000 United States Congress subject to the provisions of the Federal Election Campaign Act of 1972. State Senator $ 15,000 Representative to the General Court $ 5,000 The state secretary shall furnish each candidate with a tally sheet on which each campaign expense, as hereinbefore defined, shall be recorded by the candidate. The candidate shall file an account of his campaign expenses with the state secretary in an election year on the tenth day of March, June and September and on the fifteenth and fifth days before an election and thirty days following an election or primary. The election division shall check such account and if the election division finds that a candidate has exceeded the limits set by this act for campaign expenses, it shall immediately turn over such information together with any and all proofs, to the attorney general. The candidate may be firge up to three times the amount of any excess spending. Added by St.1972, c. 810, i . 1 47 U.S.C.A. I 801 et seq. 1972 Enactment. St.1972 c. 810, ! 1. was approved July 20, 1972, and by section 2 made effective Jan. 1, 1974.

3. Regulations on Contributions a). Contribution Limit CRS-90 Massachusetts (continued)

regulated; rendering of 6. Receipts, disbursements and contributions certain services; penalties the of persons, including a corporation formed under No person or combination any nomina- one hundred and eighty, shall in connection with provisions of chapter or promise to receive money or its equivalent, expend or disburse tion or election A political com- or disburse the same, except as authorized by this chapter. expend a committee may or a person acting under the authority or on behalf of such mittee expend or dis- money or its equivalent, or expend or disburse or promise to receive or defeat of a5 the same for the purpose of aiding or promoting the success burse in a public ee- at a primary or election or a political party or principle candidate to the or opposing the adoption or rejection of a question submitted tion or favoring however, for other purposes expressly authorized by this chapter subject, voters, and to can- thereof. Any individual may make campaign contributions to the provisions of pro- or non-elected political committees organized on behalf candidates didates of any one candi- that the aggregate of all such contributions for the benefit videdl, candidates behalf and the non-elected political committees organized on such date thousand dollars. Any shall not exceed in any one calendar year the sum of three for the benefit of elected po- individual may in addition wake campaign contributions politi- political committees organized on behalf of a litica! j mmittees or non-elected for the bene- that the aggregate of such campaign contributions cal party ; provided, one committees of any one political party shall not exceed in any fit of the political addition sum of three thousand dollars. Any individual may in calendar year the of contributions not exceeding in any one calendar year the sum make compaign of dollars to non-elected political committees not organized on behalf three thousand make or candidates or political party. Any candidate may in addition any candidate campaign con- for the purposes of his own campaign and may make expenditures organized on his for the benefit of the non-elected political committees tributions individual of less than Notwithstanding the provisions of this section an behalf. in an amount in excess eighteen years of age shall not make campaign contributions dollars in the aggregate during any one calendar year. Any can- of ttventy-five by section seventeen required to designate a depository for campaign funds didate shall pay any person acting for such a candidate or such a political committee and only through for services rendered or goods sold in excess of the sum of fifty dollars and bearing the legend or by the means of a check drawn upon such depository of candidate or political committee)", and shall secure "Campaign Account- (name to be the person receiving such check to the following certificate the signature of perjury checks: "The undersigned affirms under the penalties of printed on all such that he the named payee of this check or an authorized officer thereof, that he is that the pay- it performed the services or delivered the goods indicated hereon, or and that no per- ment is for the sole purpose of paying for such goods or services in this pay- son other than the named payee has any interest, direct or indirect, ment." for of any provision of this section shall be punished by imprisonment Violation hundred dollars. more than six months or by a fine of not more than five not c. 253. Amended by St.1962, c. 444, f 5; St.1962, c. 518; St.1971,

b). Corporations

penalties 7. Political contributions, etc., by corporations forbidden; indemnity, safe corporation carrying on the business of a bank, trust, surety, No gas, electric light, deposit, insurance, railroad, street railway, telegraph, telephone, or water company, no company having the right to heat, power, canal, aqueduct, by by eminent domain or to exercise franchises in public ways, granted take land or trustees owning the commonwealth or by any county, city or town, no trustee of the stock of such a corporation, no business corporation or holding the majority and no of- incorporated under the laws of or doing business in the commonwealth CRS-91 Massachusetts (continued)

ficer or agent acting in behalf of any corporation mentioned In this section, shall directly or Indirectly give, pay, expend or contribute, or promise to give, pay, expend or contribute, any money or other valuable thing for the purpose of aiding, promoting or preventing the nomination or election of any person to public office, or aiding, promoting or antagonizing the interests of any political party, or influencing or affecting the vote on any question submitted to the voters, other than one materially affecting any of the property, business or assets of the corporation. No question submitted to the voters concerning the taxation of the income, property or transactions of individuals shall be deemed materially to affect the property, business or assets of the corporation. No person or persons, no political committee, and no person acting under the authority of a political committee, or in its behalf, shall solicit or receive from such corporation or such holders of stock any gift, payment, expenditure, contribution or promise to give, pay, expend or contribute for any such purpose. Any corporation violating any provision of this section shall be punished by a fine of not more than ten thousand dollars, and any officer, director or agent of a corporation violating any provision thereof or authorizing such violation, or any person who violates or in any way knowingly aids or abets the violation of any provision thereof, shall be punished by a fine of not more than five thousand dollars or by imprisonment for not more than six months. Amended by St.1972, c. 458.

c). Contributions in Own Name

8. True name and address of donor to be given; penalties No person shall, directly or indirectly, make a campaign contribution in any name except his own nor in any manner for the purpose of disguising the true origin of the contribution nor unless he makes his name and address known to the person receiving such contribution at the time such contribution is made; nor shall any trust, foundation or association other than a political committee make a campaign contribution unless at the time such contribution is made there is also made known to the person receiving such contribution the names and addresses of its principal officers. No candidate or political committee or person acting under its authority or in its behalf shall knowingly receive a campaign contribution, or knowingly enter or cause the same to be entered in the accounts or records of such candidate or committee, unless the provisions of this section have been complied with. Violation of any provision of this section shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than six months or by a fine of not more than five hundred dollars. As amended St.1962, c. 444, A 6.

4. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated

SECTION 5. Political committees, duly organized, may receive, pay and expend money or other things of value for the following purposes, and no others: advertising, writing, printing and distributing circulars or other publications, radio broadcasts or other forms of publicity, hire and maintenance of political headquarters, and clerical hire incidental thereto, meetings, refreshments, not including intoxicating liquors, but including cigars and tobacco, decorations and music, postage, stationery, printing, expressage, traveling expenses, telephone, telegraph and messenger service, and the hire of conveyances and workers at polling places. Such committee. may contribute to other political committees and may contribute to the personal fund of a candidate. A political committee or a candidate may hire .conveyances or workers at primaries or elections, but not more than two persons at each polling place shall 'be hired to represent the same political party, candidate or principle. CE -92 Masachu setts (continued) elation of any provision of this etion shal B six punished by imiprisonment for not nmore than months or by a fine of not more than five hundred d llara

C. ?olitical Campagn Materia

Ch. 56

(e p ; sha pubish or c use to riihr _i m s x pr riotten!, cithmr in its: or tendi or re( ding cour tter rried 01 njsre, or dfat an ye andid oi 1 Sname ntt one voe .s, rn er the or thLnb of t 00omes(o I ihi nstiagth sam therfefr wfth hv 1:a iena r of app t shal ber pc'edd ci' d ho ri ,, i t not s tr seriodi new 01r cab ha crhi ited in vioAtig in> provfsion of LhW ie topayxi ntston nsppet a per .. A,, rut or -otfm t. poliiel ig shahb punished cby afin t Lh as and any ice, director 0r iie o i ion; who uthcnize( any .trco woxvioate, or in any xtay kncw o ;uonoCan sh proxisroni shall be puni cy a Fn' or r o on housnd doLas or by e v Add Sf.1946, e 57, 11.

rsged cars itd p 4r; pting r dis rib ting S41. or any ofie No i nY e fo norni tion or elect, to pol e offe post o def t or cv t pe. so P wrte, hut, t nd i tc a'>o p0.s uord disrih Ld, actiJ ci nc de p md, p bit ofi e &do Cc lidate fotri ntinat n cr elcton to an' Agr iooa cumithd tc Lbe voW ur s tLb 1nem upon .h 'rulr or pern te p'n'< 1; of p ee either nh ina o. tic charn an andt seer fcry, or 'Ilcers,of th poW'ea or o''r rgzation issun Axe smc, C uom toteriblo' rs rsoccb~ia teior,w'thfPi numt and ra>i rn ILe source and nuuber trcof, i any riatian of LIis section sha Ie pishi ed by imprisonmten for dcci noL mnoe 'thLb \i months Addd Lt.i946, i. 537, 11, as amoel St.1 9,c.SS.

" T'^ .. c. n^ ;?.y. _ .y, - ., .. _ ... _,.,:...: ;. ;^ .,, -+ .,,.>o.:e : ^.nt:u . ... , . .. bT. tr h..o-R k+,i t .++;rYt{ e:r'+~y wr- '... 'rv -. rt. w. j " ;R s,..-'t t -!' .. " r. <. .r 'Y n.?:a fi CRS-93 Massachusetts (continued)

42. False statements relating to candidates. No person shall make or publish, or cause to be made or published, any false statement in relation to any candidate for nomination or election to public office, which is designed or tends to aid or to injure or defeat such candidate. Whoever knowingly violates any provision of this section shall be punished by a fine of not more than one thousand dollars or by imprisonment for not more than six months. Added St.1946, c. 537, 11.

D. Offenses Generally CHAPTER 55

CORRUPT PRACTICES AND ELECTION INQUESTS

POLITICAL EXPENSES OF CANDIDATES Sec. 1. Limitations on campaign expenses; penalties. 2. Accounts of contributions and expenditures, candidates to keep; vouchers; penalties. 3. Candidates for United States senator and representative; laws applicable.

POLITICAL COMMITTEES

4. Organization; statements filed; officers; duties; penalties. 5. Restrictions on expenditures; penalties.

POLITICAL CONTRIBUTIONS

6. Receipts, disbursements and contributions regulated; rendering of certain services; penalties. 7. Political contributions, etc., by corporations forbidden; penalties. 8. True name and address of donor to be given; penalties. 9. Soliciting, etc., from candidates; penalties. 10. Soliciting money for nomination papers;; penalty. 11. Soliciting by publiLqgficers or employees; penalties. 12. Soliciting contributions in public buildings; penalties. 13. Political contributions by public officers or employees; penalties. 14. Requiring political contributions or services of persons in public service; penalties. 13. Political contributions; failure to make public service status; penalties.

STATEMENTS OF POLITICAL EXPENSES OF CANDIDATES AND COMMITTEES

16. Candidates; filing statements; time limits; penalty. 17. Treasurers of political committees; filing statements; contents; penalty. 18. Corporations making contributions; filing statements; penalty. 19. Persons acting for political committees; accounts and vouchers to treasurers. 20. Place of filing statement and duplicate. 21. Preservation of statements. r

CRS-9b Massachusetts (continued)

Sec. 22. Furishinr blanks for statements. 21). Inspection of statements; delinquent statements; notice to de- linquents. 2-l. Failure to file statements; notice to and duties of attorney general. 25. Cour:s, authority to compel filing of statements. 26. Immunity of witnesses.

GENERAL PROVISIONS RELATIVE TO CORRUPT PRACTICES 27. Corrupt practices by candidate defined. 28. Election petitions for corrupt practices; procedure. 29. Application of preceding sections.

ELECTION INQUESTS 30. Inquests upon complaint for violations. 31. Hearings. 3.. Witnesses; attendance; fees, etc. 33. Stenographer. A4. Witnesses; binding over to superior court. 35. Apprehension of offenders. 36. Witnesses; compulsory testimony; immunity.

PENALTIES FOR CORRUPT PRACTICES 37. Forfeiture of office; disqualification as voter; ineligibility for public office. 38. Striking offenders name from roll of registered voters.

CHAPTER 56

VIOLATIONS OF ELECTION LAWS

PENALTIES FOR OFFENCES CONCERNING ASSESSMENT, LISTING AND REGISTRATION OF VOTERS Sec. 1. False listings; registrars as assistants; listing board members; etc. 2. Misconduct of registrars or assistants. 3. Neglect of duty; registrars or assistants; listing board members; etc. 4. Refusal or neglect to give information to registrars, etc. 5. Giving false information. 6. False oath, etc. T. Aiding or abetting false oath, etc. 8. Illegal registration, etc. 9. Misconduct at registration. 10. Defacing or removing notices or voting lists.

-- CRS-95 Massachusetts (continued)

" PENALTIES FOR OFFENCES CONCERNING CERTIFICATES OF NOMINATION, NOMINATION PAPERS, PETITIONS, ETC.

11. Wilful alteration, mutilation, etc., of nomination papers, etc.; subscribing to false statements.

PENALTIES ON OFFICERS FOR OFFENCES IN THE CONDUCT OF PRIMARIES, CAUCUSES, CONVENTIONS AND ELECTIONS

12. Misconduct of officers; failure to perform duties. 13. Challenged ballots; failure to make proper entry on. 14. Giving information relative to vote of challenged voter. 15. Reading or showing names on ballots during election. 16. Improper disposition of ballots and lists. 17. Unlawful -examination of ballots after election. 18. Failure to make and transmit election records. 19. False certificates of election. results. 20. Noncompliance with regulations. 21. Misconduct relating to absent voting. 22. General penalty provisions.

PENALTIES ON INDIVIDUALS FOR OFFENCES RELATING TO THE CONDUCT OF PRIMARIES, CAUCUSES AND ELECTIONS

DEFACING NOTICES, ETC. See. 23. Notices or warrants; defacing or removing. or de-" 24. 'List of candidates; instructions for voters; etc.; defacing stroying. OFFENCES BY VOTERS

25. Distinguishing marks; false statements or oaths. 26. Illegal voting or attempt to vote. 27. Absent voting laws ; violations.

INTERFERENCE WITH VOTING

28. Illegal voting; aiding or abetting. 29. Unlawful interference with voter. 30. Obstructing voting. 31. Illegal challenging. a

Massachusetts (continued) CRS-96

CERTAIN PRACTICES FORBIDDEN

32. Bribery of voter. 33. Employers; influencing voters of employees. 34. Promising public appointments. 35. Promising public appointments for political action. 36. Public officers and employees; influencing political action. 37. Public officers and employees; initiative and referendum; promoting or opposing for hire. 38. Editorial support; paying for or receiving payment. 39. Publishing unsigned political advertisements; marking advertisements. 40. Using names of political parties; restrictions. 41. Unsigned circulars and posters; posting or distributing. 41A. Unauthorized use of persons' names as supporters in political advertisements, etc. 42. False statements relating to candidates. 43. Interfering with distributin of printed matter. 43A. Using the word "veteran" by candidates.

distribution. 44. Lists of candidates without party designations; voters. 44A. Lists of candidates; distribution; signatures of responsible 45. Naturalization fees; paying or promising to pay.

DISORDERLY CONDUCT

46. Disorderly conduct at polling places. 47. Disobeying election, caucus or primary officer. 48. Interfering with election officials.

TAMPERING WITH BALLOTS, ETC.

49. Obstructing transmission of ballots or returns. 50. Altering ballots, etc. 51. Tampering with voting machines. 52. Forgery or destruction of ballots; defacement. 53. Identifying mark on ballots. 54. Removing ballots from within guard rail. 55. Fraudulent alteration, etc., of ballots. 56. Challenged ballots; giving information as to vote.

PROCEDURE AND ENFORCEMENT

57. Arrest without warrant. 58. Prosecutions; trial and judgments, etc. 59. Supreme judicial court; superior courts; jurisdiction. CRS-97

MICHIGAN

to Mich. Stat. Ann., 1972 Unless otherwise designated, references are

Revised Volume.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Registration to register or be registered; i 6.1519: Persons not residents not knowingly or having good reason penalty. Provides penalty for any person so qualified, cause him- to believe himself not to be such a resident and

self to be registered as an elector.

False Swearing statement, penalty. 6.1499: Registration procedure; false or in answer to questions, Provides penalty for person who on his affidavit

makes any material statement which is false. registering or voting. 6.1933: False swearing for purpose of falsely while under oath Any person who makes a false affidavit or swears the purpose of voting for the purpose of securing registration or for

shall be deemed guilty of perjury. Voting False deemed misdemeanors: 6.1931 (f)-(j): Violations in order to vote or false or fictitious name personation of a voter; to vote, elector voting or attempting attempt to vote; unqualified to vote in voter; voting or offering aiding and abetting unqualified aiding and abetting same; any precinct in which one does not reside, more than once. offering or attempting to vote

PON CRS-98 Michigan (continued)

B. Campaign Financing

(901) Definitions. [168.901; MSA 6.1901] unless Terms used in this chapter shall be used as follows, Sec. -901. or unless other meaning is clearly apparent from the language or context, intent of the law: such construction is inconsistent with the manifest name is printed one 1. "Candidate" shall apply to any person whose been presented for an official ballot for public office or whose name has public office, with his consent, for nomination or election; 2. "Political committee" or "committee" shall apply to every com- the success or, bination of 2 or more persons who shall aid or promote and defeat of a candidate, or a political party or principle or measure; or city 3. 'Public office" shall apply to any national, state, county of this state, ward, village or township office which is filled by the voters and United States senator. as well as to the office of presidential elector

1. Reporting

6.1906 Account; filing, contents; filing list of candidates and proof copy of ballot; duplicate expense statements, filing by certified candidates; campaign expenses and contributions.] SEC. 906. [(1)] Every candidate and every treasurer of a political committee shall, within 10 days after any primary election, caucus or convention, and again within 20 days after any general election, whether state, county, city, municipal, township or district election, prepare and file in the office of the county clerk of the county in which such candidate f resides, a full, true and detailed account and statement subscribed and sworn to by him before an officer authorized to administer oaths, setting forth each and every sum of money re- the ceived or disbursed by him for nomination or election expenses, or date of each receipt, the name of the person from whom received for to whom paid, and the person to whom and object or purpose which disbursed. Such statements shall also set forth the unpaid debts and obligations, if any, of such candidate or committee, incurred for the purposes set forth in section 904 *, with the nature and amount of each, and to whom owing, in detail. * The clerk of each city, village or township in the several counties of this state with shall, within 5 days after any primary or general election, file all the county clerk a list containing the names and addresses of candidates in their respective districts and a proof copy of the official used in such primary or general election. Any candidate whose ballot file nomination or election is certified by the secretary of state shall statements with the county clerk of the county duplicate expense 1 in which he resides and such county clerk shall forthwith deliver mail. of such copies to the secretary of state by registered or certified [(2) If a candidate has campaign expenses which amount to less shall than $100.00, he shall so designate on his expense report, and he not be required to detail such expenditures. (3) If a candidate has campaign contributions which amount to less than $100.00, he shall not be required to detail the contributions in the report.] (CL '48, 168.906.) Michigan (continued) CRS-99

2. Expenditure Limitations

6.1902 Expenses of candidates, limit.] SEC. 902. No sums shall be paid and no expenses authorized or incurred by or of money or aid behalf of any candidate to be paid by him in order to secure on in this in securing his nomination to any public office or his position each state in excess of the amount computed at the rate of [$40.00] for cast at the general November election in the last preceding 1,000 votes or political presidential year for the office of governor in the state subdivision thereof in which he is a candidate for nomination: Pro- vided, That no candidate shall be restricted to less than 25% of 1 his compensation, nor in any case to less than $100.00 in year's paid and campaign for such nomination. No sums of money shall be authorized or incurred by or on behalf of any candidate no expenses in received the nomination to any public office or position who has for his this state in excess of the amount to which expenditures to such office or position are limited under the provision nomination no expenses of this section. No sum of money shall be paid and authorized or incurred by or on behalf of any candidate contrary to . the provisions of this act. (CL '48, 168.902.)

3. Regulations on Contributions

6.1917 Anonymous contributions; unlawfulness.] SEC. 917. No person shall make a payment of his own money or of another person's money to any person in connection with a nomination or election in any other name than that of the person who in truth supplies . such money; nor shall any person knowingly receive such payment or enter or cause the same to be entered in his accounts or records in another name than that of the persons by whom it was actually furnished. (CL '48, 168.917.) History. This section is derived from Pub Acts 1925, No. 351, Part V, e 2, 12 (former 6.632).

6.1918 Same; unlawful disbursement.] SEC. 918. It shall be unlawful for any candidate or treasurer of a political committee, or person acting as such treasurer, to disburse money received from any anonymous source. (CL '48, 168.918.) History. This section is derived from Pub Acts 1925, No. 351, Part V, c 2, 13 (former 6.633).

6.1919 Corporations not to contribute.] SEC. 919. No officer, director, stockholder, attorney, agent or any other person, acting for any corporation or joint stock company, whether incorporated under the laws of this or any other state or any foreign country, except corporations formed for political purposes, shall pay, give or lend, or authorize to be paid, given or lent, any money belonging to such corporation to any candidate or to any political committee for the payment of any election expenses whatever. (CL '48, 168.919.) CRS-100 Michigan (continued)

6.1904 Lawful items of expense.] SEC. 904. No candidate and no treasurer of any political committee shall pay, give or lend, or agree to pay, give or lend, either directly or indirectly, any money or other valuable thing for any nomination or election expenses whatever, except for the following purposes: First, For traveling expenses and personal expenses incident there- to, for printing, stationery, advertising, postage, expressage, freight, telegraph, telephone and public messenger services; Second, For dissemination of printed information to the public; Third, For political meetings, demonstrations and conventions; Fourth, For the rent, maintenance and furnishing of offices; Fifth, For the payment of clerks, typists, stenographers, janitors and messengers actually employed; Sixth, For the employment of challengers at primaries and elections to the number allowed by law as such ; Seventh, For the payment of public speakers and musicians at pub- lie meetings and their necessary traveling expenses; Eighth, For copying and classifying of election registers or poll lists and investigating the right to vote of the persons listed or registered therein, and conducting proceedings to purge the registers and lists and prevent improper or unlawful registration or voting; Ninth, For making canvasses of voters; Tenth, For conveying infirm or disabled voters to and from the polls; and Eleventh, For employing as counsel, attorneys licensed to practice in accordance with the laws of the state, and for the necessary expenses of such counsel. None of the provisions of this chapter shall be construed as relating to the rendering of services by speakers, writers, publishers or others for which no compensation is asked or given. (CL '48, 168.904.)

C. Political Campaign Material

coni- 6.1914(1) Same; paid matter supporting or opposing amendment or other proposition.] SEC. 914a. No pub- stitutional director or person lisher of a newspaper or other periodical and no operation of any other advertising medium shall responsible for the or cause or insert, either in his advertising or reading columns, which is designed or permit to be disseminated, any paid matter to support or oppose any proposed amendment or amend- tends, before the ments to the constitution of this state, or proposition it is stated therein that it is a paid advertisement, people, unless or and stating the name or names of the persons, organization organizations paying for such advertisement. (CL '48, 168.914a.) Hito.This section is derived from Pub 4 16 Added by Pub Acts 1955, No. 192, Acts 1925, No. 351, Part V, c 2, off October 14. (former1 6.636).

6.1915 Circulation of false statement in letter, poster or pub- penalty.] SEC. 915. If any letter, circular, poster, bill, lication; contain publication or placard or any other advertising medium shall any false statement or charges reflecting on any candidate's character, morality or integrity, the author thereof and every person knowingly in the circulation thereof, shall, upon conviction thereof, be assisting Pro- subject to the penalties provided for the violation of this act: vided, That this shall in nowise deprive the injured party of any other action for libel given by law. (CL '48, 168.915.) CRS-IQI

Michiga (continued)

D. Offenses Generally

SECTION OFEENSE -GeneraLy MichConst. art. 2, 4; 16 93 eq e. Absent vters, tub!e votin, 16879 Accouns nd ccon ig, i&8906 Deviquentf ing, 168.908, 1680 Fai re to fie68.909, 8,916 nspectior. 160 Advert sements, 168.91 Campag ex en es, 16. 04 Cons tttional amendments, 168914a Factories. 168.912 False statements, 168.915 Incumben, faIse repsesen ation,

Affidavits, Dcestl o.. 1 8 92 Perjury, S6.9 Anonvnmu cent t ier.s 1 8.917 et sqg Arrest of eectors 00.182 Asstedlsorers 16. 6, 6.77 ldentif icton, bI ows1 366 Asociation r nd ocietes Initatn legi ation, 200. 27 So icitatter of donaon fro cana oate, 16 93 Attorney enr a geor 16 31, 16 .909 Atones, campus cxnpncts IC 904

oare> of se at 20 c ties, ncancyn o ce16E2

treat I Ca' C

Carri C oge

Cert an ca cm0 L

Cera et a n crns e Cl ,at ocm a> cIciata C ofae ando reai canddat ,

Circui Iour. ju rdc on 1 8.943 Circuit coc commastanca vacancy 16 .462 Circuit cce tjudte , vacc in office, Clerks, .a pa expesesI .904 Ciergymen threat ef excommunicat o, Cowmits e. defined, 16 901 Const 1 s. renmovaIfrom offie 168.3C

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' - j CRS-10 2 Michigan (continued)

Constitutional amendments, advertisements, 168.914a Contributions. Gifts, generally, post Conventions, campaign expenses, 168.904 Conveying voters to polls, 168.931 Corporations, Contributions, 16S.919 Intimidation of employees, 168.912 County auditors, vacacies, 168.237, 168.23S County convention delegates, nomination, 168.624 County officers. 168.206 Removal from office, 168.207 County road commissioners, 168.267 Removal from office. 168.268 Defined, 168.901 Delinquent filing of campaign expenses, 168.90, 16.909 Demonstrations, campaign expenses, M68.904 Detroit. city of, recorder's court, venue, 168.93 Dischargin em'inyee. 16 . 931 Disclosure of hIlot. 1..932 Disturbances. 750.170 Domicile and residen 16.931 Ediiorals, r-e spar.r> 1o6 .9t 4 Electioneern^, 1C. - 31 Empiovees, threa-s, 1G.912 Employmenr. rewa-d for voting, 168.931 Erasures, 3.932 1 Excommunication, re i-ious societies, 168.931 Expulsion, rligious societies, 168.931 False personation, 168.931 Fees, voting, 168.931 Fictitious names, 168.931 Fines and penalties, 168.920, 168.934, 168.935 Campaign expenses, 168.920 Canvass of votes, 168.808 Challengers, interference, 168.734 Challenging organizations, 168.731 Forgery, 168.937 Inspectors, failure to appear, 168.931 Organizations initiating legislation, 200.127 Perjury, 168.936 Voting machines, 168.772 Foreign corporations, contributions, 168.919 Forgery, 168.937 Forms, campaign expenses, statements, 168.911 Fraud, 168.932 Associations initiating legislation, 200.127 Fraudulent registration, limitation of prosecutions, 168.942 Freight, campaign expenses, 168.904 Furnishing information, 168.939 rmhiline. 168.931

- 1

CRS-103 Michigan (continued) Giitts, Anonymous contributions, 168.917 et seq. Corporations, 168.919 Disbursements, 168.905 Influencing voting, 168.931 Joint stock companies, 168.919 Solicitation, 168.931 Solicitation from candidate, 168.913 Handicapped persons, transportation, 168.904 Identification, Assisted voters, 168.757 Challenged ballot, 168.746 Immunity, witnesses, 168.910, 168.942 Incumbency, false representation, 168.944 Influence, employees, 168.912 Initiative and referendum, paid advertisements, 168.914a Inspection, accounts, campaign expenses, 168.907, 167.908 Inspectors, Failing to appear, 168.931 Qualifications, 168.677 Intimidation, employees, 168.912 Investigations, 168.31 Joint stock companies, contributions, 168.919 Judges, court of appeals, vacancy in office, 168.409j Juri;diction, 168.943, 600.4545 Justice of the peace, jurisdiction, 168.943 Labor and employment, reward for voting, 168.931 Libel and slander, 168.931 Limitation, campaign expenses, 168.902 Limitation or prosecutions, 168.942, 600.4545 Loans, 168.931 Meetings, campaign expenses, 168.904 Messenger service, campaign expenses, 168.904 Multiple voting, 168.931 Municipal officers and employees, removal from office, 168.327 Musicians, campaign expenses, 168.904 Mutilation of records, 168.932 Nominating petitions, 168.544c Obstruction of electors, 168.932 Office rent, campaign expenses, 168.904 Payment, advertising, 168.914 et seq. Peace officers, duties, 168.941 Pencils, theft, 168.743 Perjury, Assisted voters, 168.756 Canvass of votes, 168.808 Challenges, false answers, 168.729 False affidavits, 168.933 Fines and penalties, 168.936 Petition to form new political party, 168.685 Primary elections, affidavit, 168.557. Recall petitions, 168.957 Registration of voters, 168.499 Witnesses, 168.910, 168.942 Police, duties, 168.941 Political committee, Defined, 168.901 Treasurer, Anonymous contributions, 168.918 Appointment. 168.903 CRS-104 Michigan (continued)

Political notices, pressure of employment. 1G8.912 Poolselling, 168.931 Postage, campaign expenses, 168.904 Printing, campaign expenses, 168.904 Promotions, reward for voting, 168.931 Prosecution, 1.i09 Public speakers, campaign expenses, 168.904 Quo warrant, candidate convicted of felony, 138 9:18 Recall retitinns, 163.957 Recorder's court, city of Detroit, juris- d.icti.' i. 1:8.943 Recor". Assited voters. 163.757 Mutilation, 1G .32 Recounts, 168.873 State canvass, 1683.885, 168.887 Subpoenas, 16.70 Registered mail, campaign expenses, filing, 168.906 Registration of voters, 168.499 Challengers, 168.512 False information, 168.499 False registration, 168.519 riarassing chalengers. 168.512 Investicat:ons. 168.520 Limitation of prosecutions, 168.942 Perjury, :68..99 Religious organizations and societies, Excommunication, 168.931 Solicitation of donations from candidate, 168.913 Reports, 168.31, 168.909 Returns, destruction, 168.932 Rewards, influencing vote, 168.931 Self-incrimination, 168.910, 168.942 Sheriffs, duties, 168.941 Slander, 168.931 Solicitation of donation from candidate, 168.913 Stationery, campaign expenses, 168.904 Stuffing ballot box, 168.932 Supreme court justices, vacancy in of- f ice, 168.402 Tampering, ballots, recount, 168.861 et seq. 'Theft, ballots or pencils, 168.743 Threats, Employees. 168.912 Excommunication, 168.931 Tickets, requesting candidate to buy, 168.913 Township officers, 168.368 Removal from office, 168.369 Transportation, disabled persons, 168.904 Traveling expenses, campaign expenses, 168.904 Treasurer, political committee, Anonymous contributions, 168.918 Appointment, 168.903 United States representatives, 168.153 United States senator, 168.118 Unqualified voters, 168.931 Valuable consideration, defined, 168.931 Venue. 168.943 Village officers, removal from office, 168.383 Void election, 168.938 Voting machines, Damages, 168.932 Fines and penalties, 168.772 Witnesses, immunity, 168.910, 168.942 CRS-105

MINNESOTA

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Minn. Stat. Ann. and the

1972-1973 Supplement thereto.

Registration

210.02: False Registration. Causing or attempting to cause

ones name to be registered in more than one precinct, or knowing that

one is not a qualified voter; or falsely representing oneself; or aiding

or abetting in the commission of these acts, is a felony.

False Swearing

215.17: Anyone who swears falsely under oath shall be guilty

of a felony.

208.29: Anyone making false statement or affidavit under

provision for new residents voting in presidential election shall be

guilty of a felony.

Voting

210.03: Any person not a qualified voter who votes; or who

votes more than once; or one who procures, aids, assists or advises, another to go into any county, town or precinct for the purpose of

voting, knowing such person is not qualified to vote, shall be guilty of-a felony.

B. Campaign Financing

Subd. 3. "Candidate" means every person for whom it is contemplated or desired that votes may be cast at any election or primary, and who either tacitly or expressly consents to be so considered, except candidates for president and vice president of the United States. CRS-106 Minnesota (continued)

1. Reporting

211.20 Must file verified statement of expenditures Subdivision I. Statements of candidates, personal campaign committees and party committees. Every candidate, and the secretary of every personal campaign and party committee, shall, eight days before the primary, on or before the tenth day following the primary, eight days before the general election, and on or before the tenth day following the general election, file a financial statement verified by the candidate or the secretary of the committee, as the case may be, which shall show in itemized detail all transactions, all disbursements, and all obligations to make disbursements, for political purposes. Each statement, after the first, shall contain a summary of all preceding statements. Subd. 2. Filing statements, information required. The statement of any candidate and the statement of his personal campaign committee shall he filed with the filing officer of such candidate. The statement of every state committee and of every congressional committee shall be filed with the secretary of state. The statement of every party committee for a legislative district shall be filed with the filing officer of the candidate for senator or representative in such legislative district. The statement of every other party committee shall be filed in the office of the county auditor of the county within which, or for a subdivision within which, such disbursements were made. Each statement shall give in full detail: (a) Every sum of money and all property and every other thing of value, received by such candidate or committee during such period from any source whatsoever which he or it uses or has used, or is at liberty to use for political purposes, together with the name of every person or source from which each was received and the date when each was received, together with the total amount received from all sources in any amount or manner; (b) Every promise or pledge of money, property, or other thing of value, received by such candidate or committee during such period, the proceeds of which he uses or has used, or is at liberty to use for political purposes, together with the names of the persons by whom each was promised or pledged, the special purposes for which each was promised or pledged, and the date when each was so promised or pledged, together with the total amount promised or pledged from all sources in any amounts or manner ; (c) Every disbursement by such candidate or committee for political purposes during such period, together with the name of every person to whom the disbursement is made, the specific purpose for which each was made, and the date when each was made, together with the total amount of disbursements made in any amounts or manner ; and (d) Every obligation, expressed or implied, to make any disbursement incurred by such candidate or committee for political purposes during such period, together with the names of the person or persons to or with whom each such obligation has been incurred, the specific purposes for which each was made, and the date when each was incurred, together with the total amount of such obligations made in any amounts or manner. Subd. 3. Statements of political committees. Statements shall also be made by any political committee showing the total amount of receipts and disbursements, and for what iuripose such disbursements were made. Such statement shall be filed within 30 lays after any primary, municipal, or general election, as follows: CRS-107

Minnesota (continued)

a candidate for a federal (a) When the committee is organized to support office with the filing officer of such candidate; or state-wide for a legisla- the committee is organized to support a candidate (b) When of the county in which tive, judicial district, or county office with the auditor such committee has its headquarters; or oppose any constitutional (c) When the committee is organized to support amendment with the Secretary of State; committee is organized to support a candidate for municipal (d) When the or to support or office in municipalities having more than 20,000 population with the filing officer oppose propositions in elections in such municipalities of the municipality. 3 amended by Laws 1967, c. 446, 51, eff. May 16, 1967. Subd. Every Subd. 4. Elections in certain municipalities, statements to be filed. in every candidate and the secretary of every personal campaign committee election, special municipal election, or regular municipal primary municipal inhabitants shall file election in all municipalities having more than 20,000 a financial statement as follows: (a) Seven days before the primary; (b) Seven days after the primary ; (c) Seven days before the regular or special election ; and (d) Seven days after the regular or special election. The statement shall be verified upon the oath of such candidate or such per- transactions campaign committee, as the case may be, and shall cover all sonal statement and made up to and including the third day before the filing of the accounted for and reported upon in statements theretofore filed, except not in the that no transactions shall be made thereafter which are not included shall disclose statement. The statements required by this subdivision final Each statement the same information required in subdivision 2 of this section. statements and sum- after the first shall contain a summary of all preceding of this section. marize all items theretofore reported under the provisions of state, Blanks for all these statements shall he prepared by the secretary be furnished, and copies thereof, together with a copy of this section, shall the auditor, or otherwise, as the secretary of state may deem expe- through upon the dient, to the secretary of every comumitte and to every candidate, other persons re- filing of nomination papers by such candidate, and to all law applicable to quired by the charter of such municipalities or any election in which any municipal primary election, special municipal such municipality, the or regular municipal election is being held or is to be held under election, other such municipal charter, or applicable law, and to all provisions of any The by law to file such statements who may apply therefor. persons required expenditures hereof relating to the filing of verified statements of provisions any munici- shall be in addition to requirements contained in the charter of of expenditures in connec- palities requiring the filing of verified statements tion with any municipal primary election, special municipal election, or regu- charter or lar municipal election held or to be held under any such municipal shall be filed with the applicable law. The verified statements so required proper filing officer of any such municipality. As amended Laws 1963, c. 861, 10, eff. May 25, 1963. Subd. 4 amended by Laws 1967. c. 446, 2, eff. May 16, 1967.

2. Expenditure Limitations

211.06 Expenditures, limit to No disbursement shall be made and no obligafion, express or implied, personal make such disbursement, shall be incurred by any candidate or his CRS-108

Minnesota (continued)

campaign committee for any office under the constitution or laws of this state, or under the ordinance of any municipality of this state in his campaign for nomination and election, which shall be in the aggregate in excess of the amounts herein specified: (a) For governor, $7,000, and in addition, five cents for each of the total number of persons who voted in the state at the last general election; (b) For other state officers, $3,500, and in addition, five cents for each of the total number of persons who voted in the state at the last general election ; (c) For state senator, $800, and in addition, five cents for each of the total number of persons who voted in the district at the last general election ; (d) For member of house of representatives, $600, and in addition, five cents for each of the total number of persons who voted in the district at the last general election; (e) For any county, city, village, or town officer, for any judge or for any officer not hereinbefore mentioned, who, if nominated and elected, would receive a salary, a sum not exceeding one third of the salary for the office in the year that the election is held. with the minimum sum allowed, $100. If such person, when nominated anid elected, would not receive a salary, a sum not exceeding one third of the compensation which his predecessor received during the first year of such predecessor's incumbency, with the minimum sum allowed, $100. If such officer, when nominated and elected, would not receive a salary and if such officer had no predecessor, and in all cases not specifically provided for, $100, and no more. (f) The disbursements authorized in this section by a candidate for elective office shall be deductible as expenses for production of income or a business deduction under chapter 200. As amended Laws 1963, c. 861, 1 5. Approved May 24. 1963.

3. Regulations on Contributions

211.27 Corporations not to contribute to political campaign Subdivision 1. No corporation doing business in this state shall pay or contribute, or offer, consent, or agree to pay or contribute, directly or Indirect- ly, any money, property, free service of its officers or employees or thing of value to any political party, organization, committee, or individual for any political purpose whatsoever, or to promote or defeat the candidacy of any person for nomination, election, or appointment to any political office. If any corporation shall be convicted of violating any of the provisions of this chapter, it shall be subject to a penalty in the amount not exceeding $10,000 to be collected as other claims or demands for money are collected ; and, if a domestic corporation, in addition to that penalty, it may be dissolved ; and, if a foreign or non-resident corporation, in addition to that penalty, its right to do business in this state may be declared forfeited. Subd. 2. It shall not be a violation of this section for a political party, as defined in Minnesota Statutes 1967. Section 200.02, to form a non-profit corporation for the sole purpose of holding real property to be used exclu- sively as such political party's headquarters. Amended by Laws 1960, c. 1143, $ 1, eff. June 10, 19609. INS Amendment. Added subd. 2. I

CRS-109 Minnesota (continued)

4. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated

211.02 Legal expenses The expenditure of money or other thing of value by any candidate, personal campaign committee, party committee, or political committee for political purposes other than those provided in this section is prohibited. The 'following are permitted expenditures: (a) Salaries, wages, and fees; (b) Communications, mailing, transportation, and travel; (c) Campaign advertising; - (d) Printing; (e) Office and other space and necessary equipment, furnishings, and supplies incidental thereto; (f) Other expenses, not included in the above, which are reasonably related to the conduct of election campaigns. As amended Laws 1963, c. 861, 12. Approved May 24, 1963.

C. Political Campaign Material

1. Identification

211.08 Campaign literature must Include names Any person or committee who shall publish, issue, post, or circulate, or cause to be published, issued, posted, or circulated, otherwise than in a newspaper, as provided in section 211.03, any literature, campaign material, or any publication, including but not limited to cards, pamphlets, flyers, signs, banners, leaflets, tending to influence voting at any primary or election which fails to bear on the face thereof the name and address of the author, the name of the candidate in whose behalf the same is published, issued, posted, or circulated, and the name and address of any other person or committee causing the same to be published, issued, posted, or circulated, and any person, firm, corporation or committee who shall knowingly make or publish or cause to be published, any false statement in relation to any candidate or proposition to be voted upon, which statement is intended to or tends to affect any voting at any primary or election, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor; provided, nothing herein contained shall be construed as modifying or re- pealing any of the provisions of section 210.11. As amended Laws 1963, c. 861, 6.

2. False Statements

210.11 Defamatory circulars Subdivision 1. Every person wno writes, prints, posts, or distributes, or causes to be written, printed, posted, or distributed, except by broadcasting, any circular, poster, or other written or printed matter containing false information with respect to the personal or political character or acts of any candidate, which is designed or tends to elect, injure or defeat any candidate for nomination or election to a public office, shall be guilty of a gross misdemeanor. Subd. 2. Subdivision 1 shall not apply to a printer or manufacturer of campaign material whose sole act is the printing or manufacturing of campaign material and delivery to the person who orders it and who does not know such printed matter is false. As amended Laws 1963, c. 861, 1.

OR CRS-110 Minnesota (continued)

D. Offenses Generally

Chapter 210 PENAL PROVISIONS See. 210.01 Definitions. 210.02 False registration. 210.03 Offering duplicate ballots. 210.04 Bribery. 210.05 Advancing money unlawfully. 210.06 Improperly influencing or coercing voters. 210.07 Defacing poll lists or removing ballots. 210.08 Damaging election equipment. 210.09 Failure to deliver certificate of nomination. 210.10 Negligently printing ballots. 210.11 Defamatory circulars. 210.12 Refusing employee election privilege. 210.13 Only election officials may handle ballots. 210.14 Mismarking ballots; disclosing how marked. 210.15 Neglect of officials. 210.16 Election messenger's failure to deliver returns. 210.17 Unlawful expenditures. 210.18 Filing statements by treasurer. 210.19 Failure of treasurer to keep accounts. 210.20 Failure by candidate to file statement. 210.21 Contributions by corporations; penalties.

Chapter 211

CORRUPT PRACTICES

Sec. 211.01 Definitions. 211.02 Legal expenses. 211.03 Paid advertisements in newspapers. Repealed 211.04 Shall not have interested in newspaper; exception. 211.05 Compensation prohibited, except for paid advertisement. 211.06 Expenditures, limit. 211.07 Solicitation of contributions prohibited. 211.08 Campaign literature matter must include names. 211.09 Certain solicitations prohibited. 211.10 Shall not induce person to become a candidate or refrain therefrom. 211.11 Treating by candidates prohibited. 211.12 Undue influence by candidates prohibited. 211.13 Making of wagers prohibited. 211.14 Not to pay for time lost at polls. 211.15 Soliciting near polling places prohibited. 211.16 Disbursements by candidate. 211.17 Personal campaign committees. Repealed 211.18 Limit of expenditures by campaign committees. 211.19 Bills, when rendered and paid. 211.20 Must file verified statement of expenditures. 211.21 Statement of expense, blanks; digest of laws. 211.22 Names of candidates shall not be printed on ballot unless statement is filed. F

CRS-11

Minnesota (continued)

211.23 May not promise appointments. 211.24 May not influence employees. 211.25 lay authorize disbursements by campaign committee. 211.26 Limitation of disbursements by committee. 211.27 Corporation not to contribute to political campaign. 211.23 Violations; penalties. 211.29 Violation by officer to be construed as violation of corporation. 211.30 Aiding violation a gross misdemeanor. 211.31 Prosecutions; where made. 211.32 Filing officers shall notify candidate or committee. 211.33 County attorney to inquire into violations. 211.34 Violations by unauthorized person not to forfeit nomination. 211.L5 Repealed. 211.36 Disqualified candidate not to hold position. 211.37 Judgments; to whom transmitted.

211.38 May employ counsel. 211.39 Penalties for violation. 211.40 Repealed. CRS-112

MISSISSIPPI

to Miss. Code Ann., 1942, Unless otherwise designated, references are

1956 and to the 1972 Supplement thereto.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Registration procuring registration. 2097: Elections--illegally who knowingly procures his registration Provides penalty for any person name, or in registered, or under a false when h~e is not entitled to be he does not live. any election district in which

False Swearing false swearing. 2315: Perjury--willful and corrupt Any person who corruptly 2317: Perjury--subordination of. and corrupt perjury. procures any witness to commit willful Voting Provides penalty for any 2099: Elections--unlawful voting. or voting in more than one county person who votes when not qualified; of his any county or out of the district or in more than one place in legal domicile.

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting 3179. Contributions reported. Court Candidates for state office. including those elected by Supreme Districts, shall file with the Secretary of State a list of the names of all or who contributed the sum of Five Hundred Dollars ($500.00) persons by each. more to their respective compaigns, and the amount contributed file It shall likewise be the duty of the candidates for district offices to in the office of the circuit clerk in each county of the district involved such of the names and amount contributed by each of all persons who list their contributed the sum of Five Hundred Dollars ($500.00) or more to respective campaigns. It shall be the duty of candidates for all county and county district offices to file in the office of the circuit clerk in the county or counties involved a list of the names and amount contributed who contributed the sum of One Hundred Dollars by each of all persons of ($100.00) or more to their respective campaigns. The reports of all

L. CRS-l13 Mississippi (continued)

the aforesaid candidates shall be made no later than the fifth day of each month during the time that candidates' name are being presented for consideration by the electorate, and in each election a report must be made and filed by the several candidates on the Saturday preceding the day of the election. Said reports, which shall be made under oath and in such form as may be prescribed by the Secretary of State, shall be open to the public and shall be retained in the office of the Secretary of State or of the circuit clerk for a period of four (4) years from date of filing. This section shall apply to all candidates for such offices, whether the candidate qualified with a political party or not.

3181. Report of expenditures. Within sixty (60) days after the date on which the election was held and at which the result as to the particular candidate was decided, the candidate shall file w;itli the Secretary of State or the circuit clerk, as mentioned in Section 3179, Mississippi Code of 1942, an itemized statement of each expenditure in excess of Two Hundred Fifty Dollars ($250.00) for any one (1) item made or contracted to be made by him, or by any person for him with his knowledge or consent, in aid or support of his candidacy, or for the purpose of influencing the result of the election, together with the name of the person or persons to whom such expenditures were made; except that sums spent for the necessary personal traveling expenses of the candidate, and the expenses of sistence sub- during such travels need not be reported, and are not to be cluded. in- Said report, which shall be made under oath and in such form as may be prescribed by the Secretary of State, shall be open to the public and shall be retained in the office of the Secretary of State or of circuit the clerk for a period of four (4) years from date of filing. This section shall apply to all candidates for such offices, whether the candidate qualified with a political party or not. 2. Expenditure Limitations None

3. Regulations on Contributions None

h. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated None

C. Political Campaign Material

1. Identification

3176. Candidates to approve all literature. No person shall write, print, post or distribute or cause to be distributed, a notice, placard, bill, poster, dodger, pamphlet, advertisement or any other form of publication (except notices, posters, and the like. which simply announce speaking date and invite attendance thereon) which is designed to influence voters for or against any candidate at a primary, unless and until the same shall have been submitted to, and approved and subscribed by the candidate or by his campain manager or assistant manager, which subscription shall in all cases be printed as so subscribed, and not otherwise. As,. for instance, it shall be unlawful to write, print, post, distribute or cause to be written, printed, posted or distributed any such matter when the authority therefor is designated simply as "paid political advertisement," or "contributd by a friend," or "contributed by the friends and supporters," and the like. Nor shall any radio station allow any time or place on any of its programs for any address for or against any candidate at a primary. excent in accordance with the provisions of the Federal statutes and I Mississippi (continued) CRS-llh

Communications Coamnisiol the rules and regulations of the Federal as applied to the use of radio facilities by a candidatematter orand candidate, the tim for office. But the aforesaid written or printed for radio addresses shall be paid for at the usual and ordinary rates- authorized to make expenditures in behalf of and only by a person in regard to other expeudi the candidate, as is provided in this Act tures.

2. False Statements

3174. Slander, etc. No person, including a candidate, shall publicly or privately make, in a campaign then in progress, any charge or charges reflecting upon the honesty, integrity or moral character of any candidate, so far as his private life is concerned, unless the charge he in fact true and actually capable of proof; and any person who makes any such charge shall have the burden of proof to show the truth thereof when called to account therefor under any affidavit or indictment against him for a violation of this section. And any language deliberately uttered or published which when fairly and reasonably construed and as commonly understood, would clearly and unmistakably imply any such charge, shall be deemed and held to be the equivalent of a direct charge. And in no event shall any such charge, whether true or untrue, be made on the day of the primary, or within the last five days immediately preceding the date of the primary. Any person who shall wilfully and knowingly violate this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon the affidavit of any two credible citizens of this State, before any judicial officer having jurisdiction of misdemeanors, said officer shall thereupon forthwith issue his warrant for the arrest of said alleged offender, and when arrested the officer shall forthwith examine into the matter, and if the proof of guilt be evident or the presumption great, the officer shall place the accused person under bond in the sum of five hundred dollars, with two or more good sureties, conditioned that the person bound will appear at the next term of the court where the offense is cognizable, and in addition that the person bound will not further violate this section; and additional affidavits may be filed and additional bonds may be required for each and every subsequent offense. When and if under a prosecution under this section the alleged offender is finally acquitted, the persons wgo made the original affidavit shall pay all costs of the proceedings.

D. Offenses Generally

Offenses-- absentee ballots, violations as to. f 3196-13 contributions by officers or employees under commission form of government. 3374-57 conviction of certain crimes as dis- qualiflcaton to vote, If 3214, 3215, 3235 municipal elections, 1 3374-60 disorderly conduct at or near polling places, I 3276 disturbing the peace, 4 3276 false entry in registration books. I 3219 false name, registering under, 3218 false statement as to inability to mark ballot. 3274 identifying mark, placing on ballot, 1 3274 illegally procuring registration, * 3218 Interfering with voter while inside compartment, 13274 Intoxicating liquors, providing or using, 3276 CRS-115 Mississippi (continued)

intoxication at or near polling places, 1 3276 officials failing to perform duties or violating laws, 13275 printing of ballots, offenses as to. 1 3253 registration offenses, I 3218, 3219 secrecy of ballot, interfering with, 3274 solicitation of votes by officers or employees under commission form of government, 3374-57 tampering with voting machines, 3316-23 unauthorized alteration of registration books, 3219 unauthorized possession of voting machine or key, 13316-23

41|Lil L 6 CRS.-16

MISSOURI

the 1973 Supplement. References are to Vernan's Mo. Ann. Stat. and

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting.

Registration conduct of an 129.680:. Offenses relating to registration or a voter; election. Provides penalty for any person who shall impersonate his own; or who shall or register or offer to register under any name not having fraudulently register; or shall register in another precinct registered in one.

False Swearing for 111.061: Penalty for false affidavit. Provides penalty 'under provisions anyone willfully swearing falsely to any affidavit required for new residents voting in presidential elections.

Voting for 129.470: Fraudulent voting, penalty. Provides penalty is not a qualified anyone voting more than once, voting while knowing one voter, advising or procuring any illegal vote to be cast.

129.480; Attempt to cast illegal vote.

129.690: Penalty for impersonating voter. Provides penalty to vote in any for falsely impersonating a voter; attempting or offering in any other name; voting more than once for any candidate; voting another fraudu- precinct not paring a lawful right to vote for oneself or

lently or unlawfully.-

129.460: Importing fraudulent voters. Provides penalty for resident any person who shall bring into this state any person or persons at in another state, with intent that such person so imported shall vote qualifications. any election within this state before they possess the requisite CRS-117

Missouri (continued)

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting

129.110. Statement of moneys expended to be minister oaths, setting forth in detail all sums of made, filed-penalty for failure.-Every person money, except all sums paid for actual traveling who shall be a candidate before any caucus or expenses, including hotel or lodging bills, contri- convention, or at any primary election, or at any buted, disbursed, expended or promised by him, election for any state, county, city, township, dis- and, to the best of his knowledge and belief, by trict or municipal office, or for senator or repre- any other persons or person in his behalf, wholly sentative in the general assembly of Missouri, or or in part, in endeavoring to secure or in any way for senator or representative in the Congress of in connection with his nomination or election to' the United States, shall, within thirty days after such office or place, or in connection with the the election held to fill such office or place. make election of any other persons at said election, and out and file with the officer empowered by law to showing the dates when and the persons to whom issue the certificate of election to such office or and the purposes for which all such sums were place, and a duplicate thereof with the recorder of paid, expended or promised. Such statement shall deeds for the county in which such candidate re- also set forth that the same is as full and explicit as sides, a statement in writing, which statement and affiant is able to make it. No officer authorized duplicate shall be subscribed and sworn to by by law to issue commissions or certificates of elec- such candidate before an officer authorized to ad- tion shall issue a commission or certificate of election to any such person until such statement shall have been so made, verified and filed by such persons with said officer.

129.280. Statement of reeipts and expendItres to be filed by treasurer 1. Every treasurer of a pditical committee, as defined in sections 129.- 010 to 129.260 and every person who shall act as such treasurer, shall within thirty days after eac- and every election, whether state, county, city, municipal, township or district election, in or concerning or In connection with which he shall have received or disbursed any money forany. of the objects or purposes mentioned in section 129.200, prepare and file, in the manner prescribed in subsection two of this act, a full, true and detailed account and statement, subscribed and sworn to by him before an officer authorized to administer oaths, setting forth each and every sum of money received or disbursed by him for any of the objects or purposes mentioned in section 129.200, within the period beginning ninety days before such election and ending on the day on which such statement is filed, the date of each receipt and each disbursement, the name of the person from whom received or to whom paid, and the object or purpose for which the same was received, and the object or purpose for which disbursed. Such statement shall also set forth the unpaid debts and obiga- tions, if any, of such committee, with the nature and amount of each, and to whom owing, in detail, and if there are no unpaid debts or obligations of such committee, such statement shall state such fact. 2. The treasurer of each political commitee shall file the report required in Subsection one of this act for the purpose and in the manner as follows: (1) For the purpose of defeating or furthering the enactment of any law, proposition ordinance or constitutional provision the treasurer shall file the report in the office of the recorder of deeds in the county in which he resides. If the treasurer does not reside within the state of Missouri he shall file the report in the office of the recorder of deeds in the county of Cole in the state of Missouri. (2) For the purpose of leeatingor.furthering the election to public office of any person the treasurer shall file the report in the office of the recorder of deeds in the county in which the person who is the object of the expenditures or disbursements resides. (3) For the. purpose of defeating or furthering the election to public office any class or number of persons the treasurer shall file a report 1Z.the office- of the recorder of deeds in the county of Cole In the state of Missouri. (4) For the purpose of defeating or furthering the election to public office any person or class or number of persons who do not reside within the state of Missouri the treasurer shall file the report in the office of the recorder of deeds in the county of Cole in the state of Missouri. CRS-118 Missouri (continued)

2. Expenditure Limitations

129.100. Amount to be expended by candidates-how determined.-No candidate for congress or for any public office in this state, or in any county, district or municipality thereof, which office is to be filled by popular election, shall by himself or by or through any agent or agents, committee or organization, or any person or persons whatsoever, in the aggregate pay out or expend, or promise or agree or offer to pay, contribute or expend any money or other valuable thing in order to secure or aid in securing his nomination or election, or the nomination or election of any other person or persons,.to any office to be voted for at the same election, or in aid of any party or measure, in excess of the sum of twenty-five dollars for each one hundred voters. The number of voters shall be ascertained by the total number of votes cast for all the candidates for president in the state, or in any county, district or municipality thereof, at the last preceding regular election held to fill the same. Any payment, contribution or expenditure, or promise, agreement or offer to pay, contribute or expend any money or other valuable thing in excess of such sum, for such objects or purposes, is unlawful. For the purpose of this section, a primary election and the following general election shall be considered separate elections.

3. Regulations on Contributions

(a) Corporations 129.070. Corporation using threats or money -penalty.-It shall not be lawful for any corporation organized and doing business under and by virtue of the laws of this state to, directly or indirectly, by or through any of its officers or agents, or by or through any.person or persons for them, influence or attempt to influence the result of any election to be held in this state, or procure or endeavor to procure the election of any person to a public office by the use of money belonging to su:h corporation, or by subscribing any money to any campaign fund of any party or person, or by discharging or threatening to discharge any employee of such corporation for reason of the political opinions of such employee, or to use or offer to use any power, effort, influence or other means whatsoever, to induce or persuade any employee or other person entitled to register before or vote at any election, to vote or refrain from voting for .any candidate or on any gtiestion to be determined or at issue at any election. Any violation of the provisions of this section by a corporation sIall be deemed and held as a forfeiture of its charter or franchise, as granted or derived from the state, as for willful misuser thereof, and such corporation shall be enjoined from transacting- any business in this state; and such forfeiture or injunction may be adjudged by any circuit court CRS-119

Missouri (continued)

of any county in which such corporation is located, in a suit instituted for that purpose, in the name of the state of Missouri, by the prosecuting attorney of any county, and in the city of St. Louis by the circuit attorney or by the attorney general.

(b) Anonymous Contributions

129.230

3. Any anonymous contribution received by a campaign treasurer shall not be used or disbursed but shall be returned to the donor if his identity is known, and if no donor is found the contribution shall escheat to the state. Amended by Laws 1972, p.--, S.B.No.606, 1 1.

4. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated None

C. Political Campaign Material

129.310. Name of firm, corporation or organi- Regulation of printed matter rela- 129.300. zation not to be printed on publication support- of any person.-t shall hereaf- tive to candidacy ing candidate, when.-It shall hereafter be un- for any person or group of per- ter be unlawful lawful to sign or affix to any such printed matter firm, organization, association, league sons, or any the name or title of any firm, organization, asso- or any members thereof to publish. or other body ciation. league. or other body, or any name or title distribute any pamphlet, circular, circulate or purporting to be the name of any firm, organiza- other printed matter relative to the handbill or tion, association, league, or other body or to affix of any person or persons seeking nomi- candidacy or attach to or upon such matter any name, title or to any public office unless the nation or election designation other than is provided for and re- bear thereon in plain type the name same shall quired by section 129.300; provided, that the of the person or persons, or the names and address printers may be required by law or ordinance to of the officers of any firm, organiza- and addresses attach to such printed matter a registry number. tion, association, league or other body, causing distributed, and -RSMo 199 11805 94) such matter to be published and Prior revisions: 1929 10500; 1919 50)9 that two or more persons join in caus- in the event apply to certain publica- ing said matter to be published and distributed 129.320. Not to 129.300 to 129.330 then the names of each of such persons shall be tions.-Nothing in sections to any matter or thing imprinted thereon in plain type; provided, that if shall be construed to apply magazine or journal more than ten persons join in publishing and dis- published in any newspaper, such, which matter tributing such matter, then it will be a sufficient recognized and circulating as magazine, or compliance with this section if the names of ten is published by such newspaper, its own respon- such persons shall be imprinted thereon in plain journal on its own behalf and upon type as herein provided. sibility and for which it shall not charge or receive any compensation whatsoever, nor shall it apply to any publication issued by any legally constituted election officials'in the performance of their duties. (RSMO 1939 11809) Prior revisions: 1929 10501; 1919 5050 CRS-120

Missouri (continued)

129.330. Penalty.-Any person who shall fail to comply with or who shall violate any of the provisions of sections 129.300 to 129.320 shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction thereof shall be fined not less than one hundred dollars or more than five hundred dollars, or confined in the county jail or workhouse not longer than six months nor less than thirty days, or shall be punished by both such fine and imprisonment, and each publication shall constitute a separate offense.

D. Offenses Generally Chapter 129 CORRUPT PRACTICES AND OFFENSES RELATING TO REGISTRATION AND ELECTIONS

Sec. Br'bery 129 1l0 at elections, punishment. 1 29.350. Accepting bribe by voter. 129.020 Bribery at elections, punishment.1 29.360. Offering bribe to voter. 129.030. Employer cannot prohibit employee's participation in po- 1 29.370. Bidding for office, penalty. litical activities. 29.330. Assessment of candidates, penalty. 129.040. Candidates prohibited from corruptly 'influencing voter, 129.390. Buying office, penalty. penalty. 29400. Certain sections construed. 129030. Violence or fraud to influence voter prohibited, penalty. 1 29410. Grant of office void. 129060. Employees to be given time to vote-penalty for denial. 1 29 420. Persons convicted to forfeit citizenship. 129 070. Corporauion using threats or money-penalty. 1 29.430. Intimidating voters, penalty. 129.075. Corporation may campaign for law change. l 29440. Defrauding voters, penalty. Circulating fraudulent tickets, penalty. a 1290"'. Employer threatening discharge or corruptly influencing 1 29450. employee-penalty. 29460. Impoting fraudulent voters, penalty. 129090. Personation of another defined, penalty. 129.470. Frauudent voting, penalty. 129.100. Amount to be expended by candidates-how determined. I 29.480. Attempt to cast illegal vote, penalty. 129.110. Statement of moneys expended to be made, filed-penal- I 29490. Fraud by judges and clerks of election, penalty. ty for failure. 29.500. Fraud in casting up returns penalty. 129.120. Failure to file statement, punishable by fine. 129.510. Neglect of judges and clerks to perform duty, penalty. penalty. 129 130. Person failing to file denied office. 29.600. Refusal to give canvasser information, 129.140. Person receiving next highest number of votes may apply I 29.610. Neglect of duty by canvasser, penalty. action to have office declared vacant-bond of ap- 29.620. Neglect of certain duties by c::rk or canvasser, penalty. for penalty. plicarn 29.630. Neglect of duty by clerk or canvasser, 129.150. Attorney general and prosecuting attorney--duties of. 129.540. Signing application to have ster's name erased, a felony. 129.160. Attorney general or prosecuting attorney refusing to act, I 29.650. Neglect of duty by judge or clerk, penalty. sawl brought by whom. 2s o0. Ballot boxes to be kept in view, penalty. judge clerk. penalty. 129.170. Actions to have preference on docket. . 129.*70. -Failure to serve as or 129.180. Judgment in favor of state or plaintiff, when. I 29680. Offenses relating to registration or conduct of an elec- 129.190. Witnesses in action to vacate office not excused from an- tion, penalties. swering questions, when. I 2+.i Penalty for impersonating voter. or conceal- 129.200. Who deemed a political committee. 129.7'). False canvass of votes-returns-destruction 129.210. Political committee to appoint treasurer-duties. ment of tally or certificates, penalty. prohibited in use of- 129.220. Duties of treasurer. . I 29.710. Ballots and ballot boxes--things penalty. 129230. Statement of receipts and expenditures to be filed by treasurer. I 29.720. Breaches of the peace and disorderly conduct. place, penalty. 129.240. Statements and accounts to be open to inspection. 129.730. Electioneering within polling or judge to sign and make return, penalty 129.250. Treasurer failing to file statement-penalty. 129740. Failure of clerk 129.260. Failure of treasurer to keep account-mutilation of book -failure to file statement-penalty. 1:9.800. Concealirg or destroying i:ckets ur;.twful. 129270. Expenditures to be excepted. 129.810. Penalty. Regulation of printed matter relative to candidacy of any 129300. 129.820. Election supplies not to be destroyed, penalty. person. 129.310. Name of firm, corporation or organization not to be 129.830. Officer neglecting duty-penalty. printed on publication supporting candidate, when. 129 S40. Offenses relating to the conduct of elections. 129.320. Not to apply to certain publications. 129.850. Failure to print candidates' names on ballot in p-cpev 129.330. Penalty. order, penalty. CRS-121

Missouri (continued)

1;9.860. Illegal possession of ballot, penalty. 129.870: Definition of "election officials" as used in seense 129.860. 129.880. Voter not to permit his ballot to be seen-interfer.ce with voter-penalty. 129.890. Offenses in connection with printing and distribution official ballots. I 129900. Application of sections 129.820 to 129.890. 129.910. Impersonation and corrupt registration in St. penalty. Louis ety, 129.920. Penalty for corrupt registration. 129.930. Penalty for destroying, mutilating or stealing a reg-n., tion book or list. 129.940. Furnishing of information as to the state of the podl St. Louis county prohibited. 129.950. Judges and clerks not to serve in any other capact-- penalty. 129.960. Judge or clerk in city of 10,000 (7,000, with voter proval) in certain ap. counties permitting unregistered person to vote-altering record-penalty. 129.970. Offenses in connection with printing of official ballots " Kansas City or St. Louis city. CRS-122

MONTANA

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Mon. Rev. Codes (1947),

1969 Replacement, and to the 1971 Supplement thereto.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Registration

94-1402: Fraudulent registration is a felony. Every

person who allows himself to be registered knowing himself not to be

entitled to such registration.

False Swearing

94-1474: False oaths or affidavits--perjury.

Voting

94-1403: Fraudulent voting. Provides penalty for every person

not entitled to vote, who votes; or who votes more than once at any election.

94-1404: Attempting to vote without being qualified. Every

person not entitled to vote, who fraudulently attempts to vote or register,

or attempts to vote or register more than once is guilty of a misdemeanor.

94-1405: Procuring illegal voting. Penalty for procuring,

aiding, assisting, counseling or advising another to register or offer

his vote knowing that the person is not qualified.

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting

94-1430. (10776) -Statement by candidate as to moneys expended-filing after election-penalty. Every candidate for nomination or election to pub- lie office, including candidates for the office of senator of the United States, shall, within fifteen days after the election at which he was a candidate, file with the secretary of state if a candidate for senator of the United States, representative in congress, or for any state or district office in a district composed of one or more counties, or for members of the legislative assembly from a district composed of more than one county, but with the county clerk for legislative districts composed of -not more than one county, and for county and precinct offices, and with the city clerk, auditor, or recorder of the town or city in which he resides, if he was a candidate Mont.a ()ontinued)C 2

for t wv, ity or ward office, an itvmir A vorn statement atting f rth in dett alithe moneys contriut 1,expded, or pried by him to id and pr mote i nomirati' ' or e "oto or both, a t e cas may b , and for th Itetton of Is partx candmtia, and all xtIng aifufiled prs s of ery character, and all iblities rmain4ng inraneld and in force atth time suc statement i mad, whethrash expxditur. prone and iabiities wre made or intrrad before, durng or aft rasnch I deto. If no money or other valuable ting was gixvn, pa, e xpended, contributed, or promised and no unfulfilled Iabilities were incurrd by a caidA te for public oic t id r promoted hs nomination or election, or tih section Cf his party candidates, hall Ila stateat to that rifct with'a fiften day after the eiect'on at wvhi he waa a candidate. Any candidate who shall fa'i to fIe such a saternmeat shail be fined twenty-five dohar for evey dayon vh'ch hewas in default,iunleshe shall beexcuedhbythe curt. Fifta das after any sach election the secretary stat, r county Irk, city lerk, anditor, or recorder, aa the case may be, shall not'fy the county attorie of any failure to fIc 'auch a stat meat on the part of any candidate, ani w Iia ten dys th neatter such prosecat'ng officer shall procemd to prosecute said candidate for anc I ifens y: En.,itsto 8c. Int. Act, Nov. ", 192; recta. c. 17, R. 0.M. 1921.

94-14 1. (Wi 77) Accounts of expenditures by political committees and other persons-statement. (1) Evary po0itfcal c mmtte IihaI hav a tieaure, who is avotrad Ihaliecus ham toi kep ied dacoant If a I i rc ipt ,, am t>, aml Eabilitie imrila cconta sa I be lipt iy vIr ies whml a g a' g'tU rece am' exp'ndi m cvy or - Iir iabti.s ti thI amoun o or than fifty dol a' L$5)) for pu1 ica

iiv' 'i rail I tii iuitity wa itfru i r a 1once 'ith t poI II

cantas h, aman iuaaimian, mat clc'tio a Iered 42 Enr pea ox rceaiv nr expebdin maooey om ncunriagi libity ivy aty or 'a beha I of on to pr'umatp tic aces o' defeat of mcIh a'mmite, ant,c cddalte, orotlnrperan pltca party ormora' i- / tion hA l,o I menad, aal n all vaet wuithnfontecn (14) das ftr such receapt, expea diture, on ca urence of liabilit, gave sand tre' acr agent, candidate, or other person on vhis bhal Iuml expns man hiabIity wvas incurred a metailed 'enified acco01 thP inof. Every pameat shail be acouated for by a r ecaipted bill atatina the partial'a's ma axpease. Every imter,ne 'eept, ind "erfi d account h rnch require' db sI be part of thI - ounts and fIc ma anc ti reassure, ag at, can Id It, on olmenr a'rs a,and shal pa pr'rvd marsx (6 manmh aftr thI clctio to wIaclilrfers 3) Any penson not a candidate fC ay oflce or nomination who cx- p md. iony on Incu ton anmaan Ireater uhan fifty dollars ($&0) in a y camipa'ga fr nonmanafion or electan. t aid an lhe mlct'oon I cfat Cf aay caidae or cand'dales, ma party xick t, or m asurn before the pcople, shall, wilbia te (10) day after uhP etima ia wvixci said money nr xalae 'as expended, Ice wi the satrtary of Istatei the c as of a measure votcd upon bythe peopl, on of at I or d'stricl offices for dis- tri'ts conposed of one (1) ormore cuti s, mar wih lbe canty cierk fr c a ty ofies, and with the c'ty derk, amdator, nr recorder for municipaI offices a eraf ed 'temized statement of a Ia r e epta and expendilures for eery sam paid inc excess offied dliars (8'), aid shail at the sane time dcl ver to te candidate treasurer Cf the pohitical organaizat'oa whose suces ordefeathchas sought t promte,nadpliate of sui statement nd c cpy f suchi receipts

wu.,.,,. ., ... '"i . ry...... 'r;. L ,_ ,.. -" f Tn x .-. v F. r,- .. MM-..gyn. ... eqel . .. , .. .:. .. ,fir rT"., . , . tY d hcF'l'.nfi CRS-124 Montana (continued)

4) The books of account of every tr1asurcr of any political party, corn- mittee, or organization, during an electi,>n campaign, shall be open at all raonable office hours to the inspection of the treasurer and chairman of any opposing political party or organization for the same electoral dis- trvt ; and his right of inspection may be enforced by writ of mandamus by any court of competent jurisdiction. historyy: En. Sec. 12, Init. Act, Nov. S19i2; re-en. Sec. 10777, R. C. M. 1921; amd. Sec. 1, Ch. 41, L. 1969.

2. Expenditure Limitations

94-1427. (10773) Expenditure by or for candidate for office. No sums of money shall be paid, and no expenses authorized or incurred, by or on behalf of any candidate to be paid byhim, except such as he may pay to the state for printing, as herein provided, in his campaign for nomination to any public office or position in this state, in excess of fifteen per cent of one year's compensation or salary of the office for which he is a candidate; provided, that no candidate shall be restricted to less than one hundred dollars in his campaign for such nomination. No sums of money shall be paid, and no expenses authorized or incurred, contrary to the provisions of this act, for or on behalf of any candidate for nomination. For the purposes of this law, the contribution, expenditure, or liability of a descendant, ascendant, brother, sister, uncle. aunt, nephew, niece, wife, partner, employer, employee, or fellow official or fellow employee of a corporation shall be deemed to be that of the candidate himself.

94-1428. (10774) Limitation of expenditures by candidate-by party orga.nizations-by relatives. No sums of money shall be paid and no expenses authorized or incurred by or on behalf of any candidate who has received the nomination to any public office or position in this state, except such as he may contribute towards payment for his political party's or independent statement in the pamphlet herein provided for, to be paid by him in his campaign for election, in excess of ten per cent of one year's salary or compensation of the office for which he is nominated; provided, that no candidate shall be restricted to less than one hundred dollars. No sum of money shall be paid and no expenses authorized or incurred by or on behalf of any political party or organization to promote the success of the principles or candidates of such party or organization, contrary to the provisions of this act. For the purposes of this act, the contribution, expenditure, or liability of a descendant, ascendant, brother, sister, uncle, aunt, nephew, niece, wife, partner, employer, employee, or fellow official or fellow employee of a corporation, shall be deemed to be that of the candidate himself. CRS-125 Montana (continued) 3. Regulations on Contributions

94-1444. (10790) Contributions from corporations, public utilities and others. No corporation, and no person, trustee, or trustees owning or hold ing the majority of the stock of a corporation carrying on the business of a bank, savings bank, co-operative bank, trust, trustee, surety, indemnity, safe deposit, insurance, railroad, street-railway, telegraph, telephone, gas, electric light, heat, power, canal, aqueduct, water, cemetery, or crematory company, or any company having the right to take or condemn land, or to exercise franchises in public ways granted by the state or by any county, city, or town, shall pay or contribute in order to aid, promote, the nomination or prevent or election of any person, or in order _to aid or promote the interests, success, or defeat of any political party or organization. No person shall solicit or receive such payment or contribution from such corporation or such holders of a majority of such stock.

94-1437. (10783) Payments in name of undisclosed principal. No person shall make a payment of his own money or of another person's money to any other person in connection with a nomination or election in any other name than that of the person who in truth supplies such money; nor shall any person knowingly receive such payment, or enter, or cause the same to be entered, in his accounts or records in another name than that of the person by whom it was actually furnished; provided, if the money be received from the treasurer of any political organization, it shall be sufficient to enter the same as received from said treasurer.

4. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated

94-1415. (10761) Furnishing money or entertainment for, or procuring attendance of, electors. Every person who, with the intention to promote the election of himself or any other person, either: 1. Furnishes entertainments, at his expense, to any meeting of electors previous to or during an election; 2. Pays for, procures, or engages to pay for any such entertainment ; 3. Furnishes or engages to pay any money or property for the purpose of procuring the attendance of voters at the polls, or for the purpose of compensating any person for procuring the attendance of voters polls, except at the for the conveyance of voters who are sick or infirm; 4. Furnishes or engages to pay or deliver any money or any purpose property for intended to promote the election of any candidate, the expenses of holding except for and conducting public meetings for the discussion of public questions, and of printing and circulating ballots, handbills, and other papers, previous to such election; is guilty of a misdemeanor. CRS-126 Montana (continued)

C. Political Campaign Material

94-1452. (1079S) Pubiicatior3 in newspapers and periodicals. No pub- in its advertis- lisher of a newspaper or other periodical shall insert, either ing or reading columns, any paid matter which is designed or tends to aid, injure, or defeat any candidate or any political party or organization, or adver- measure before the people, unless it is stated therein that it is a paid other tisement, the name of the chairman or secretary, or the names of the the name officers of the political or other organization inserting the same, or and the street of some voter who is responsible therefor, with his residence of a number thereof, if any, appear in such advertisement in the nature or agent of signature. No person shall pay the owner, editor, publisher, or any newspaper or other periodical to induce him to editorially advocate editor, oppose any candidate for nomination or election, and no such owner, who shall violate publisher, or agent shall accept such payment. Any person any of the provisions of this section shall be punished as for a corrupt practice.

94.1475. Political literature to contain name of officer of organization or person publishing and producing. It shall be unlawful for any person ti publish, print, mimeograph, type or otherwise produce any dodger, bill, handbill, pamphlet or other document which is designed to aid, injure or defeat any candidate or any political party or organization or measure before the people unless it is stated therein the name of the chairman or secretary. or the names of the other officers of the political or other organization publishing, printing, mimeographing, typing or otherwise producing such dodger, bill, handbill, pamphlet or other document or the name of some voter who is responsible therefor with his residence and street address, if any, together with the name of the publisher, printer or the producer thereof with his residence and street address, if any, or his place of business. History: En. Sec. 1, Ch. 74, L. 1951.

D. Offenses Generally

CHAPTER 14 ELECTION FRAUDS AND OFFENSES-CORRUPT PRACTICES ACT Section 94-1401. Violation of election laws by certain officers a felony. 94-1402. Fraudulent registration a felony. 94-1403. Fraudulent voting. i-1-1104. Att-mpting to voe without being qualified. 94-1405. Proenring illegal voting. 94-1406. Changing baliota or altering returns by election officers. 94-1407. Judges unfolding or marking ballots. 94-1408. Forging or altering returns. 94-1409. Adding to or subtracting from votes given. 94-1410. Persons aiding and abetting. 94-1411. Intimidating, corrupting, deceiving or defrauding electors. 94-1412. Offenses under the election laws. 94-1413. ffcersif-election-net to-electioneer, etc. 94-1414. Offenses at an election. 94-1415. Furnishing money or entertainment for, or procuring attendance of, electors. 94-1416. Unlawful offer to appoint to office. 94-1417. Communication of same. 94-1418. Bribing members of legislative caucuses, etc. 94-1419. Preventing public meetings of electors. 94-1420. Disturbances of public meetings of electors. 94-1421. Betting on elections. 94-1422. Violation of election laws. CRS-12T Montana (continued)

94-1423. Bribery. 94-1424. Unlawful acts of employers. 94-1425. Fines paid into school fund. 94-1426. Violation of act voids election. 94-1427. Expenditure by or for candidate for office. 94-1428. Limitation of expenditures by candidate-by party organizations-by relatives. 94-1429. Definition of terms. 94-1430. Statement by candidate as to moneys expended-filing after election- penalty. 94-1431. Accounts of expenditures by political committees and other persons- statement. 94-1432. Copies of act to be furnished certain public officers and candidates. 94-1433. Inspection of accounts-complaints---statement of receipts. 94-1434. Prosecutions for failure to file statement. 94-1435. Jurisdiction-court may compel filing of statements. 94-1436. Record of statements-copies. 94-1437. Payments in name of undisclosed principal. 94-1438. Promise to procure appointment or election. 94-1439. Public officer or employee not to contribute funds. 94-1440. Certain public officers prohibited from acting as delegates or members of political committee. 94-1441. Transfer of convention credential. 94-1442. Inducing person to be or not to be candidate. 94-1443. What demands or requests shall not be made of candidates. 94-1444. Contributions from corporations, public utilities and others. 94-1445. Treating. 94-1446. Challenging voters-procedure. 94-1447. Coercion or undue influence of voters. 94-1448. $ets or wagers on election results. 94-1449. Personating another elector-penalty. 94-1450. Corrupt practice, what constitutes. 94-1451. Compensating voter for loss of time-badges and insignia. 94-1452. Publications in newspapers and periodicals. 94-1453. Solicitation of votes on election day. 94-1454. Political criminal libeL 94-1455. Filing of statement of expenses by candidate. 94-1456. Inducement to accept or decline nomination. 94-1457. Forfeiture of nomination or office for violation of law, when not worked. 94-1458. Punishment for violation of act. 94-1459. Time for commencing contest. 94-1460. Court having jurisdiction of proceedings. 94-1461. Repealed. 94-1462. Duty of county attorney on violation of act-penalty for neglect or refusal to act. 94-1463. Declaration of result of election after rejection of illegal votes. 94-1464. Grounds for contest of nomination or office. 94-1465. Nomination or election not to be vacated, when. 94-1466. Reception of illegal votes, allegations and evidence. 94-1467. Contents of contest petition-amendment-bond-costs-citation- precedence. 94-1468. Hearing of contest. 94-1469. Corporations-proceedings against, for violation of act. 94-1470. Penalty for violations not otherwise provided for. 94-1471.Advancement of cases-dismissal, when-privileges of witnesses. 94-1472. Form of complaint. 94-1473. Form of statement of expenses. 94-1474. False oaths or affidavits-perjury. 94-1475. Political literature to contain name of officer of organization or person publishing and producing. 94-1476. Violation of preceding section a misdemeanor. CRS-128

NEBRASKA

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Neb. Rev. Stat.,

1943, Reissue of 1968, and to 1972 Supplement thereto.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Rei strat ion acts; penalty. Provides R 32-1224: Registration; unlawful under a penalty for false personation; offer or attempting to register

false name; fraudulently registering in two election districts; attempting

to register in any election district not qualified to register therein;

doing'any unlawful act to secure registration for oneself or any other

person.

False Swearing

32-1228: Registration; perjury of voter;'penalty. Provides

penalty for willful or corrupt false swearing.

Voting

32-1202: Voting out of resident precinct, school district,

village or ward; penalty.

32-1203: Voting more than once;'penalty.

32-1204: Resident of another state voting in this state;

penalty. Provides penalty for any resident of another state who shall

vote in this state.

32-1205: Voting by ineligible person; penalty.

32-1206: Aiding unlawful voting; penalty.

32-1207: Voting outside county of residence; penalty.

32-1208: Procuring another to vote in county other than

residence; penalty. CRS-129

Nebraska (continued)

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting

32-1102. Nomination expenses; statement; filing; affidavit. Every perm^a who shall be a candidate before any caucus or convention or at any primary election, or nomination for the office of Rep- resentative in the Congress of the United States, oi for any office which under the Constitution or the laws of this state is to be filled by popular election, except township, precinct, school district, and city officers, or village trustees, shall within ten days after the holding of such caucus, convention, or primary election, make out a statement in writing and file the same with the county clerk or election commissioner, as the case may be, of the county in which he resides, and make out and file a duplicate thereof with the board, officer or officers, if any, empowered by law to issue the certificate of election to such office. Such statement shall set forth. in detail each and all sums of money and other things of value contributed, disbursed, expended, or promised by him, and, to the best of his knowledge and belief, by any other person or persons with his procurement in his behalf, wholly or in part in endeavoring to secure, or in any way in connection with his nomination to such office or place, or in endeavoring to secure or defeat, or in any way in connection with the nomination of any other person or persons at such caucus, convention, or primary election, and showing the dates when, the persons by whom and to whom, and the purposes for which each such contribution, payment, expenditure, or promise was made. Such candidate shall subscribe and swear to the statement and the duplicate before an officer authorized to administer oaths. The form of the affidavit to be appended to each statement and duplicate statement and signed by the candidate, shall be in substance as follows:

I,-----.------, do solemnly swear (or affirm) that the foregoing statement is a true and full account of each and all sums of money and other things of value directly or indirectly contributed, disbursed, expended or promised by me, and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, by any and all other persons with my procurement in my behalf, wholly or in part, in endeavoring to secure, or in any way in connection with, my nomination to the office or place of------, or in endeavoring to secure or defeat or in any way in connection with the nomination of any other person or persons at the caucus, convention, or primary election before which I was a candidate for nomination to the office or place aforesaid; and that it is a true and full statement of the date when, and the person or persons to whom, and the purposes for which each such contribution, payment, expenditure, or promise was made, and the person or persons by whom made, when not directly by myself.

(Signature of Candidate) CRS-130

Nebraska (continued)

32-1103. Election expenses; statement; filing; affidavit. Every person who shall be a candidate for election to the office of Repre- which sentative in the Congress of the United States, or to any office under the laws or the Constitution of this state is to be filled by pop- water ular election, except township, precinct. school district, soil and within conservation district, or city officers, or village trustees, shall, state- ten days after the election held to fill such office, make out a election ment in writing and file the same with the county clerk or resides commissioner, as the case may be, of the county in which he officer or and make out and file a duplicate thereof with the board, election officers, if any, empowered by law to issue the certificate of each to such office or place. Such statement shall set forth in detail dis- and all sums of money and other things of value contributed, knowl- bursed, expended, or promised by him, and, to the best of his edge and belief, by any other person or persons by his procurement in any in his behalf, wholly or in part, in endeavoring to secure or or in way in connection with his election to such office or place, with the endeavoring to secure or defeat, or in any way in connection be voted election of any other person or persons to any office to to for on the same day of election, or in support of or opposition upon the any measure or proposition submitted to popular vote by same day of election, and showing the dates when, the persons and to whom, and the purposes for which each such contribution, shall payment, expenditure, or promise was made. Such candidate an officer subscribe and swear to the statement and duplicate before affidavit to authorized by law to administer oaths. The form of the signed be appended to each statement and duplicate statement and by the candidate shall be in substance as follows: state- I, _-.--.. , do solemnly swear (or affirm) that the foregoing and ment is a true and full account of each and all sums of money other things of value directly or indirectly contributed, disbursed, and expended, or promised by me, and, to the best of my knowledge belief, belief, by any and all other persons with my knowledge and in my behalf, by any and all other persons with my procurement con- wholly or in part in endeavoring to secure, or in any way in or in nection with, my election to the office or place of.------, with endeavoring to secure or defeat or in any way in connection be voted the election of any other person or persons to any office to to for on the same day of election, or in support of or opposition vote upon the any measure or proposition submitted to popular of the same day of election, and that it is a true and full statement dates when, the person or persons to whom, and the purposes for promise which, each such payment, contribution, expenditure, or not was made, and the person or persons by whom made, when made directly by myself.

(Signature of Candidate) 2, Source: Laws IS-. c. 29. 4, p. 150; Laws 1901, c. 30, p. 356; R.S.1913, 2353; C.S.1922, 2294; C.S.1929, 32- 2004; R.S.1943, 32-1903; Laws 1951, c. 99, 369, p. 421; Laws 1967. c. 203, 1, p. 557. CRS-131

Nebraska (continued)

32-1120. C apaign contributions; statement; treasurer of political committee shall file; limitation. Every treasurer of a political corn- mittee as d-fined in section 32-119. and every other person required by section 32-1118 to keep an account, shall, fifteen days before each and every caucus, convention, or election in or concerning or in connection with which he shall have received or disbursed any money for any of the objects or purposes mentioned in section 32-119, prepare and file in the same office in which is filed the nomination certificate or petition of the candidate in whose behalf such committee acted, a full, true, and detailed statement, subscribed and sworn to by him before an officer authorized to administer oaths, setting forth the source of any money discovered in the treasurer's hands at the beginning of the campaign, and each and every contribution received by him amounting to more than twenty- five dollars from one person, whether the sum be given in one sum or in smaller sums aggregating more than twenty-five dollars, and the treasurer, or other person, shall after the publication until election file, on the day that such contribution is received, a statement setting forth each and every individual contribution in excess of twenty-five dollars that may be received; Provided, that the provisions of this section shall also apply to the treasurer of any political committee formed in support of, or opposition to, any proposed amendment to the Constitution, or to any initiative or referendum petition filed with the Secretary of State and submitted to the popular vote of the electors. The statement required by this section shall not apply to money received for and paid to the treasurer of another political committee. In such event all information required by this section shall be furnished to and be reported by the treasurer of the committee receiving such money.

32-1121. Political committee; treasurer's a court ; duy to file. Every treasurer of a political committee as defined in section 32-119, and every other person required by section 32-1118 to keep an account, shall, within twenty days after each and every caucus, convention, or election in or concerning or in connection with which he shall have received or disbursed any money for any of the objects or purposes mentioned in section 32-119, prepare and file in the same office in which is filed the nomination certificate or petition of the candidate in whose behalf such committee acted, a full, true, and detailed account and statement, subscribed and sworn to by him before an officer authorized to administer oaths, setting forth each and every sum of money received or disbursed by him for any of the objects and purposes mentioned in section 32-119, the date of receipt thereof and each disbursement, the name of the person from whom received or to whom paid, the object CRS-132 Nebraska (continued)

or purpose for which the same was received, and the object or purpose for which disbursed; Provided, that the provisions of this section shall also apply to the treasurer of any political committee formed in support of, or opposition to, any proposed amendment to the Constitution, or to any initiative or referendum petition filed .with the Secretary of State and submitted to the popular vote of the electors. The statement required by this section shall not apply to money received for and paid to the treasurer of another political committee. In such event all information required by this section shall be furnished to and be reported by the treasurer of the committee receiving such money. The treasurer's statement shall also set forth the unpaid debts and obligations, if any, of such committee, with the nature and amount of each, and to whom owing, in detail, and if there are no unpaid debts or obligations of the committee, the statement shall state such fact. No treasurer of a political committee shall receive or accept more than one thous nd dollars from any one person to be spent in any one campaign.

2. Expenditure Limitations

None

3. Regulations on Contribution

(a) Limit on receiving

Session 32-1121 No treasurer of a political committee shall receive or accept more than one thousand dollars from any one person to be spent in any one campaign.

(b) Corporations

32-1129. Campaign contributions by corporation, officer, agent, or servant; prohibited; penalty. It shall be unlawful for any corporation whatsoever, whether organized under the ' laws of this state, or any other state or government and doing business in this state, to give or contribute any money, property, transportation, help, or assistance in any manner or form to any political party, candidate for any civil office, political organization, or committee, or individual, to be used or expended for any political purposes, and it shall be unlawful for any officer, agent, or servant of any such corporation to participate in any of such prohibited acts; Provided, nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit any such of-

L CRS-133

Nebraska (continued)

ficer, agent, or servant from making such a contribution in his individual capacity. Any corporation violating any of the provisions of this section and any officer, agent, or. servant participating in such violation shall, upon conviction thereof, be fined not less than one hundred dollars nor more than one thousand dollars for the first offense. Upon conviction of a second or subsequent offense, such corporation, and any officer, agent, or servant participating in such violation, shall be fined not less than five hundred dollars nor more than two thousand dollars. Upon conviction of a second or subsequent offense, (1) if the offending corporation be organized under the laws of this state, the court shall decree that its charter be canceled and set aside, and (2) if the offending corporation be organized or chartered in another state, territory, or government, and doing business within this state, it shall forfeit its right to do further business in this state. It is hereby made the duty of the Attorney General to prosecute violations of the provisions of this section.

4. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated

None

C. Political Campaign Material

32-1131. Campaign literature; circulation, printing, advertisement; identity of person printed thereon; violation; misdemeanor. No person, persons, or committee shall print, publish, reproduce or distribute in quantity, nor order to be printed, published, repro-. duced or distributed by any method any photograph, handbill, pamphlet, advertisement, circular, post card, placard or letter, which contains any statement, notice, information, allegation or other material concerning any political party, candidate, committee, person, proposition or amendment to the state constitution or city charter whether in favor of or against a political party, candidate, committee, person, proposition or amendment to the state constitution, or city charter, in connection with any election including city, county, state, or national primary or general elections of public officers, party officials, candidates for nomination or election for public office, party position, proposition or amendment to the state constitution or city charter without also printing or reproducing thereon legibly the name of the person or committee at whose instance or request such photograph, handbill, pamphlet, advertisement, circular, post card, placard or letter is so printed, published; reproduced, or distributed, and of the person who ordered such printing, publishing, reproduction or distribution, and no person or committee shall so print, publish, reproduce or distribute or order CRS-134

Nebraska (continued)

to be printed, published, reproduced or distributed any such photograph, handbill, pamphlet, circular, post card, placard or letter without also so printing, publishing or reproducing his or its name and residence address thereon including street address, city and state. In the case of an individual or individuals, the name and residence address of any individual responsible for it shall be given. In the case of a committee, the names and residence addresses of at least two committee officers residing in this state shall be given. A violation of the provisions of this section shall constitute a rmis- demeanor. The provisions of this section shall not apply to windshield stickers, yard signs, bumper stickers or to official ballot pamphlets, or cards containing only biographical and other factual information relating to a candidate and printed or reproduced at the request of such candidate or his committee.

D. Offenses Generally ARTICLE 11 CORRUPT PRACTICES Cross Reference Campaign contributions by corporate liquor licensees prohibited, see section 53-182. Section. 32-1101. Campaign expenditures; gifts and expenditures prohibited; violation: penalty. 32-1102. Nom:at~on expenses; statement; filing; affidavit. 32-1103. iect:cn expenses; statement; filing; affidavit. 32-1104. Nomiration and election expenses; violations; penalty. 32-1105. Nomir.ation or election statement; failure to file; effect. 32-1106. Violations: complaint by voter; contents. 32-1107. Vioiat:ons; complaint by voter; bond required. 32-1108. Vioiat:ons: complaint by voter; action to vacate office; duty of At- tornev General. 32-1109. Violations: action to vacate office; complainant may bring, when. 32-1110. Action to vacate office; additional bond; when required. 32-1111. Action to vacate office; preference over other causes. 32-1112. Action to vacate office; judgment; filling of vacancies. 32-1113. Action to vacate office; costs. 32-1114. Action to vacate office; witnesses; testimony; immunity from pros- ecutio.. 32-1115. Legislature: member; election; how contested. 32-1116. Treasurer of political committee, defined; appointment; duties. 32-1117. Political committee; disbursements; how made. 32-1118. Political committee; record of receipts and disbursements; duty of treasurer. 32-1119. Political committee; disbursements by other persons; duty to report to treasurer: 32-1120. Campaign contributions; statement; treasurer of political committee shall file: limitation. 32-1121. Political committee: treasurer's account; duty to file. 32-1122. Repea.ed. Laws 1953, c. 115, 3. 32-1123. Claims szainst political committees and candidates: when presented for pa: ment; when barred; allowance by district court. 32-1124. Statements of expenditures; duty of officer to preserve. 32-1125. Treasurer; failure to make statement; penalty. 32-1126. Treast:rer; false records; failure to account; penalty. 32-1127. Candidates or members of political committee; contributions to fa- cilia:e naturalization; penalty. 32-1128. Conve-ng voters to polls by candidate or committee forbidden; exception.: penalty.

Pow" CRS-135

Nebraska (continued)

32-1129. Campaign contributions by corporation, officer, agent, or servant; prohibited; penalty. 32-1130. Fines; disposition. 32-1131. Campaign literature; circulation, printing, advertisement; identity of person printed thereon; violation; misdemeanor. 32-1132. Campaign literature; circulation, printing, advertisement; identity 6f person printed thereon; exemptions. 32-1133. Campaign literature; circulation, printing, advertisement; identity of person printed thereon; violation; penalty.

ARTICLE 12 VIOLATIONS AND PENALTIES Cross References Campaign contributions by corporate liquor licensees prohibited, see section 53-182. Indictment or information, requirements of, see section 29-1510. Section. 32-1201, Offenses against elections; scope of law. 32-1202. Voting out of resident precinct, school district, village, or ward; penalty. 32-1203. Voting more than once; penalty. 32-1204. Resident of another state voting in this state; penalty. 32-1205. Votrg by ineligible person; penalty. 22-12L6. Aiding unlawful voting; penalty. :120 7. Voting outside county of residence; penalty. .2-1208. Procuring another to vote in county other than residence; penalty. 32-1209. Bribing or threatening to influence vote of another; penalty. 32-1210. Deceiving illiterate elector; penalty. .2-1211. Misconduct of election officer; penalty. 32-1212. Fraudulent voting; penalty. 32-1213. Fraudulent voting by election officer; penalty. 32-1214. Election officer; altering, changing, defacing poll books or election records; penalty. 32-1215. Unlawful possession of poll books; tally sheets; election records; penalty. 32-1216. Obtaining possession of ballot boxes or ballots therein by improper means; penalty. 32-1217. Ballots; ballot boxes or poll books; destruction; falsification; penalty. 32-1213. Ballots, ballot boxes; attempts to obtain possession, destroy or fal- sify; penalty. 32-1219. Illegal ballots; printing and distribution; penalty. 32-1220. Ballots arid election records; persons having custody; unlawful acts; penalty. 32-1221. Soliciting votes; when and where forbidden; voting regulations; violations; penalty. 32-1222. Public officers; violation of duties imposed by election laws; penalty. 32-1223. Employees; coercion by employer; penalty. 32-1224. Registration; unlawful acts; penalty. 32-1225. Supervisor of registration; neglect of duty; penalty. 32-1226. Registration records; theft, destruction, removal or. falsification by election official; penalty. 32-1227. Registration records; theft, destruction, removal or falsification; penalty. CRS-136

Nebraska (continued)

32-1228. Registration; perjury of voter; penalty. 32-1229. Registration; subornation of perjury; penalty. 32-1230. Supervisor of registration; willful neglect of duty; penalty. 32-1231. Supervisor of registration; misconduct; penalty. 32-1232. Hindering registration: penalty. 32-1233. Registration; obstructing supervisors; penalty. pen- 32-1234. Taking or sending intoxicating liquor to place of registration; alty. 32-1235. Offenses against elections; prosecution; duty of county attorney. '2-1236.Registration: offenses: irregularities in registration no defense. 32-1237. Elections; offenses; penalties. 32-1238. Nomination papers; forgery: penalty. 32-1239. Nomination papers: wrongfully or willfully suppressing; penalty. 32-1240. Certificates of nomination: falsifying, destroying, suppressing; forged endorsements on official ballots; penalty. CRS-137

NEVADA

Nev. Rev. Stats., Title 24.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting. Registration, False Swearing

293.600: Unlawful acts concerning registration of voters.

(1) Provides penalty for any person who willfully gives a false answer

to registrar relating to information called for by the affidavit of

registration, or willfully falsifies affidavit, or encourages another

to violate such laws. (4) Any person who causes his name to be registered

knowing he is not a qualified elector, or anyone who aids or abets per-

son in such an act.

298.220: False affidavit; penalty. Prohibits willfully

swearing falsely to affidavits required by new residents to vote for

president.

Voting

293.590: Unlawful acts pertaining to elections. (d) No

person may apply for or receive a ballot at any election precinct or

district other than the one at which he is entitled to vote.

B, Campaign Financing None

C. Political Campaign Material None

D. Offenses Generally

OFFENSES AND PENALTIES

293.585 Intimidation of voters; gross misdemeanor. 293.587 Penalty for public officer suppressing, failing tofile nomination paper. 293.590 Unlawful acts pertaining to elections; penalty. 293.592 Soliciting votes; electioneering. 293.593 Removal, destruction of election supplies, equipment unlawfuL 293.94 Alteration, defacement, removal of posted results of votes cast unlawful. 293.595 Refusal of person sworn by election board to answer queton unlawful. 293397 Unlawful voting by person whose vote has been rejected. 293.600 Unlawful acts concerning registration of voters; violations of election laws; crimes by public officers. 293.602 Solicitation of funds for political organizations unlawful withent prier approval, charter. 293.403 Betting on election. CRS-138

NEW HAMPSHIRE

Unless otherwise designated, references are to N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann.,

1970.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

69.3: Wrongful voting, etc. Prohibits voting more than once,

applying for ballot in another name, apply for another 1ltiot after having

once voted, person voting who is not a legal voter, givxr - false name

or answer as to qualifications for voting.

54.11: Voting Elsewhere. States that any person exercising

the privilege of voting at an election in any tcn within [his or any

other state shall be deemed by that act to have elected such town to

be his legal residence for the purpose of voting, and shall thereafter

be disqualified to vote in any other town until he has gained a new res-

idence as hereinbefore provided.

B. Campaign Financing

1. l porting

70:5 Statement by State Committee. The state committee of a political party shall, not later than the Wednesday preceding a biennial or specia election before five o'clock in the afternoon file with the secretary of state, an itemized statement, signed and sworn to by its chairman and treasurer. showing each of its receipts with the full name and post-office address of the contributor in alphabetical order and the amount of the contribution, and each of its expenditures or contracts calling for expenditures, with the full name and address of persons, corporations, committees, or to whomever paid or to be paid in alphabetical order, with the specific nature and amount of each expenditure, since the date of the last election; except, if contributions through a local party committee or disbursements to a local party committee do not exceed three hundred dollars per committee, no detailed accounting of the further source or recipients of such amounts need be made. Not later than the second Friday after said election before five o'clock in the afternoon another itemized statement, signed and sworn to by the same officers, shall be likewise filed. Enough additional copies of the statement shall be filed to provide a copy for the state committee of each party on the ballot, which they may obtain by application to the secretary of state.

- New Hampshire (continued) CRS-139 70:6 Major Candidates. Each candidate at the primary or election for governor, presidential elector, United States senator, representative in congress, delegate-at-large or district delegate to a national party convention, and the fiscal agent designated by nominators of any candidacy in the mCS'denTU'I nreierence primary. saill file tate:iiets hetore and :ter an election in like manner and detail of each receipt and expenditure covering the period of his candidacy or election campaign, including expenditures, contracts therefor and used contributions made by others on his behalf and with his written consent or that of his fiscal agent; excepting, however, the expenditures of political committees of the party to which the candidate belongs in elections other than primaries. Sources: 1911, 101:4. PL 34:21. RL 42:21. RSA 70:22. 1955, 273:1. -70:7Otter s Candiates. tach caidiiae at the primary or election for councilor, state senator, county officer, or representative to the general court, and candidates for alternate delegate-at-large and alternate district delegate to a national party convention, who has expended a sum in excess of two hundred dollars, shall, not later than the second Friday after said primary or election before five o'clock in the afternoon, file with the secretary of state, and with the town or city clerk for the town or city in which he resides, a statement in like manner and detail of each receipt and expenditure, covering the period of the candidacy or election; excepting, however, the expenditures of political committees of the party to which the candidate belongs in elections other than primaries. Sources: 1911, 101:6. PL 34:24. 1927, 137:4. RL 42:24. 1953, 190:8. RSA 70:25. 1935, 273:1. 1971. 6:9. 70:8 Political Committees. Each other political committee at the primary or election, which has expended a sum in excess of two hundred dollars, shall, not later than the Wednesday preceding an election before five o'clock in the afternoon, file with the secretary of state, a statement in like manner and detail of each receipt and expenditure, and, not later than the second Friday after an election before five o'clock in the afternoon; another statement in like manner and detail of each receipt and expenditure. If the political committee is organized to support a candidate in any election, it shall first secure the written consent of the candidate or his fiscal agent, before it receives or spends any money or thing of value, and its officers shall file such written consent with the secretary of state immediately; but this limitation shall not apply to the political committee of the party to which the candidate belongs in elections other than primaries. Sources: 1911, 101:3. PL 34:23. RL 42:23. 1953, 190:7. RSA 70:24. 1935, 273:1. 1971, 6:10. 70:8-a Duplicate Reporting of Contributions Not Required. Where individual contributions are divided or split up between the state committee and the other political committees of any political party, it shall be a sufficient compliance with the requirement for listing contributors under sections 4 and 8 if the state committee in its statement, filed under section 5. lists the full name and post office address of each contributor, and the other political committee sets forth in its statement, filed under section 8, its lump sum share of such divided contributions and an explanation that the source of such sum is as shown on the state committee's statement. Source: 1957, 303:6. 70:9 Repealed. 1957, 298:1. 70:10 Social Activities. Outings, dinners and social affairs conducted by political committees, clubs and others at which each person attending pays a sum approximating closely the cost of his own food, sustenance or e:tvrtai:nme:t slt r'or, as to sUcn paVmenti and dlsbUrsemeints tiererrom, be deemed reportable or limited receipts or expenditures under this chapter. 2. Expenditure Limitation

Prohibited Political Expenditures 70:4 Amounts Established. No expenditure, contract therefor, or use of a contribution of money or thing of value, tangible or intangible, shall be made for the purpose of promoting the success or defeat of any party, measure or person: CRS-1h0

New Hampshire (continued)

sum in excess of the 1. By a candidate or in his behalf in a primary, a following amounts: in congress, gov- (1) Governor, United States senator, representative cents multiplied ernor's councior, county officer, or state senator, fifteen the candidate seeks by the number of voters qualified to vote for the office shall compile at the last preceding biennial election. The secretary of state the General Court a list and publish in the New Hampshire Manual for foregoing indicating the number of such qualified voters for each of the offices. dollars. In (2) Representative to the general court, five hundred this para- determining whether a candidate has exceeded the sum fixed in items: The candidate's graph, no account shall be taken of the following his expenditures for contribution to the state committee, his filing fee, or fixed in this para- personal travel and subsistence expenses. The sums and use of con- graph shall include all expenditures, contracts therefor, or intangible, by a candi- tributions of money or things of value, tangible behalf and with date or by others, including political committees, in his in his behalf and his knowledge during the period of time he or others the date of the with his knowledge seeks votes for him to and including primary. election, a sum II. By or on behalf of a candidate at a general or special in excess of the following amounts: senator, representa- (1) Presidential elector, governor, United States senator, fifteen in congress, governor's councilor, county officer or state tive - cents multiplied by the number of voters qualified--to-vetofer-the-e of state the candidate seeks at the last biennial election. The secretary for the General shall compile and publish in the New Hampshire Manual for each of the Court a list indicating the number of such qualified voters foregoing offices. dollars. The (2) Representative to the general court, five hundred Slms fxed in this paragraph shall include as expenditures any payments, and shall include distributions, loans, advances, deposits, or gifts of money enforceable any contracts, promises or agreements whether or not legally political com- to make expenditures by a candidate or by others, including nomination to and mittees, in his behalf, during the time between his to which he including the date of the election except by the political party belongs. consent III. By a political committee without the knowledge and written such candidate or his of the candidate supported or his fiscal agent, or to of the fiscal agent. This paragraph shall not apply to political committees other than primaries. party to which the candidate belongs in elections [Par. IV. Repealed by Laws of 1957, 303: 4, eff. Jan. 1, 1958.] New H&

of ay pltica pry, a s ei xcess of X B the politicalcOmmitteeds state multiplied by the number of voters eligible to vote mn the one dollar of state in the att el lat ben l etion asrecordedhbythe secretary Maufrthe Qenera Court. For the purpose of measur- New Hapshr ten- n compliance th e tio contedinthisparagph, poltical ditrctcont,C xty wad, andtow commtteesof gCe sona c rmttees priscalrpr ter expediturs to there respective state ad the state corn hereia er provdd sn seton of ths chapter, al such expenditurs. mite $4od t the sertary of state shallrnclude subdiniionOf the S rs trnmtted t the hatonal commtte orany be an ecnh nainal commin of n nolitical nart shall not deeme

I c lidat urnolitiUCalh c mie, forphlt'ca advir or aew pape, prdia, or on a rdoor televiion hioadcast, ti g rtes required on abi or,Cifat amrte mor orless tha the aphale filedwitht e eta of sta . eor pay foi aI B )rO nbhl tof c cAdate,polii commt for meeting r onvton of adeting space th prt proams vet- b ues oranators. Ia or orgniations, agrcultural organizations, dge er or atin. egics ornization, fatern organizations, r up. secretsietcuscoos, ,or s city, ward o VILBy a political cornttee, except the state, count, cmittee files town coruntte ofa plitic party,u nes the plticlo whchthepolti e of tea stement fthe pseforw ththes and addresof its cal comnmitti rgnz daastatement of the ae be fied not chairman, rere, and other officers. The statements shall orty-five daysprior toap prrayelecton. member ofthe later than success hal nt do any at as a eommitteeman to promote the committee inti ord det ofa p iia a, a me areon the ballot, r a cadidate, topr- these steeta rqiedb, this paragraph re fie. A committee may not be mte then tonton ofa anidate at a pmar election orgaizdwthi uforty e days ofap p ar election. 3, Reguations on Contributions

Prohibited P hiica Contribution No gt. paymentore uotribtiion ofm mney ort tng 70: 2 Liitations. a whether tanIe or intang'Ibe, s' all bmae to a candidate, of value, political corr' te, or polit'eal party or in behf oI a candidate, political of promotig the part, or measure, diretly o'r neatly, for the proe success or defeat of a canri ate, political part or mea ure: exenuive cgent or (a CrprIo LBE any corportion, 01 by any officer, d'reeto, (a Crpraio ep1oe acting in bhaf of suehe opration, or by ay r a'aton.rp L r by ay cer, d- rest gor fted wh oneormre executede. age tporE eploxeeting in beVo uh orgritin rectr r.i behal o (b) Partnership ILEN an: prnr ipnnba'

F'r:.

rte' Z:

------CBS-I New Hampshire (continued)

(c )Labor Union ilL By any labor union or group of labor unions, or by any officer, direr- tor, executi' e, agent or employ ee acting in behalf of suca union or group of unions; or by any organization representing or affiliated with any such union or group of unions, oi by any officer, director, executive, agent or employee acting in behalf of suci organization. J.V. By any person employers in the classified serce of the stte (a) imit V. By any person (1) if in excess of $5,OQQ in value. except for counr- butions made by a candidate on behalf of his own candidacy. (2) if mncde anonymously or under a name not that of donor, (3) if made in the guise of a loan, (4) if in any other manner concealed, (4) if made without the (e ) Anonymous knowledge and written consent of the candidate or his fiscal agent, a political committee or its treasurer, or not to an: one of the sae.

4. Lawful Expenditurc. Enunerated

C. Political Campaigr Material

70: 14 Political Advertising. All political advermxsg or literate e, in newspapers or other periodicals, on radio or te~evcs on, on billboards, win- dow cards, circulars, pamphlets, or of whatex en rnae, shail be signed at the end with the names and addresses of the can Aatc. his fiscal agent, or the name and address of the chairman or the secretary of a pohoceal committee, or the name and address of a votar, according to whether a candidate, political committee, or voter is responsib>e fur it. Said Aig- nature thereto shall clearly designate the name of the aindadate, party or political committee by or on whose behalf the san e xs published or broadcast. In the case of printed or written matter, tha ss'c signature and ad dress of signer shall be printed or written in size of typo or lettering large enough to be clearly legible. I. Political advertising printed in newspapers. periodica's or billboards shall be marked at the beginning thereof 'Political advertising." Persons or corporations operating a radio or re'enis in statf 3 shall broadcast political adrcrtwi&g only a her ann u'ir :: a c.

each prison or corporation publishing a new sapar or pariocical, operating a radio or television station, or selling bilnoard space. Such schedule shall be open to public inspection. Such szhedides 'nay be amended from time to time but at no time shall exceed the rate or rates regularly charged by such person or corporation for commercial advertising or for similar commercial broadcasts or telecasts. ilL A person or corporation publishing a rewspaper or periodical or selling billboard space or operating a radio or relerision station shall not New Hampshire (continued) CRS-1h3

by or on behalf of a publish, print or broadcast any political advertising by candidate in a political party primary unless the same shall be signed or authorized in writing by the candidate or his fiscal agent. IV. The term "political advertising" as used in this section shall mean matter the publication, by any means hereinbefore specified, of any paid which is designed or tends to aid, injure or defeat any party, measure or person at any election. The word "election" as used in this paragraph shall mean a city, town, school district, or village district meeting as well as the primary or biennial elections.

69:14 False Documents; Names or Endorsenent. Any person who shall, without authority, sign the name of any crCher person to any letter or other document, or falsely represent that any other person has written the such letter or document. knowing such representation to be false, for purpose of influencing votes, or who shall by false representation, use, a employ or assign the name of any other person, or a fictitious name on radio or television broadcast or other means of cornm-ication, to signify endorsement of a political party, candidates or programs, or for the purpose of influencing votes, shall be fined not more han one thousand dollars or imprisoned not more than one year or both.

D. Offenses Generally

CHAPTER 69

PROVISIONS TO INSURE THE PURITY OF ELECTIONS

69: 1 Neglect of Town Clerk. 69: 16 Challenge of Voter. 69: 2 Prosecution for Default in Mak- 69: 17 Receiving Vote. ing Return. 69: 18 Perjury. 69: 3 Amendment of Clerk's Record. 69-: 19 Affidavits Recorded. 69: 4 -Penalty for Failure to Amend. 69: 20 Challengers Appointed by Party 69: 5 False Record. Committee. 69: 6 General Penalty. 69: 21 Challengers Appointed by At- 69: 7 Assault, etc. torney General. 69: 8 Wrongful Voting, etc. 69: 22 Application of Certain Sections. 69: 9 Official Malfeasance. 69: 23 Examination on Complaint. 69: 10 Giving Liquor. 69: 24 Procedure. 69: 11 Bribery; Intimidation. 69: 25 Prosecution. 69: 12 Bribery, Abetting. 69: 26 Verification of Check-Lists. 69: 13 Disqualification by Bribing or In- 69: 26-a Verification Every Ten Years. timidating. 69: 27 Enforcement of Orders of Bal- 69: 14 False Documents; Names or En- lot Law Commission. dorsement. 69: 28 Testimonial Privilege. 69: 15 Publication of Forged Document. 69: 29 Sections To Be Posted. CRS-144

New Hampshire (continued)

CHAPTER 70

POLITICAL EXPENDITURES, ADVERTISING AND CONTRIBUTIONS Definitions 70: 9 Expenditures Under Two Hun- 70: 1 Definitions. dred Dollars. [Repealed.] 1-a Exceptions. 70: 10 Social Activities. 70: 70: 11 Public Inspection. Prohibited Political Contributions Duties, Advertising, and Complaints 70: 2 Limitations. 3 Prohibited Contributions. 70: 12 Fiscal Agent. 70: 70: 13 Committee Treasurer. Prohibited Political Expenditures 70: 14 Political Advertising. 70: 4 Amounts Established. 70: 15 Notice to Candidates. Publication of Political Contributions 70: 16 Complaints. and Expenditures Penalties 70: 5 Statement by State Committees. 70: 17 Proceedings in Supreme Court. 70: 6 Major Candidates. 70: 18 Prohibition. 70: 7 Other Candidates. 70: 19 Penalty. 70: 8 Political Committees. 70: 8-a Duplicate Reporting of Contri- butions Not Required. CRS-145

NEW JERSEY

Unless otherwise designated, references are to N.J. Stat. Ann. and to the 1972-1973 Supplement thereto, Title 19.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Registration

19:34-1: False registration or transfer; penalties. Pro-

vides penalty for causing or procuring name to be registered in more than

one election district; or causing or procuring one's name or that of any

other person to be registered, knowing that he or such other person is

not entitled to vote in the election district.

False Swearing

19:34-26: Perjury; subordination of perjury. Prohibits

willful and corrupt false swearing or procuring same, in taking any oath

authorized by the election laws.

19:58-33: Prohibits certain conduct under the provisions

for new residents voting in presidential election, including fraudulent

voting and certifying falsely in any paper required by this provision.

Voting

19:34-11: Fraudulent voting. One not entitled to vote,

votes; voting more than once in any election.

19:34-12: Attempt to cast illegal vote; misdemeanor.

19:34-20: Soliciting or procuring or assisting unlawful

registration and other violations of election law. Prohibits registering

or procuring registration knowing one is not a legal voter, or aiding

and assisting in this act; voting when one is not qualified, or aiding

and assisting in such; attempting to vote more than once or in another

name, or aiding and assisting in such. CRS-146 New Jersey (continued)

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting

19:44-1. Statement by campaign manager before election; contents; affidavit of candidate On the Friday or Saturday next preceding any primary, gen- -r il. municipal or special election, the campaign manager of any candidate who is to be voted for at such election shall file as here- :nafter provided with the officer with whom the candidate is re- iired to file his acceptance of nomination an itemized statement, hmving in detail all moneys, or other thing of value, contributed, (Qrnated, subscribed or in anywise furnished or received for the <<_of such candidate, or coming into his custody or under his con- :m!, directly or indirectly, as campaign manager for such candi- .e, together with the name and address of and the amount con- t ibuted, donated or subscribed by each contributor, donor or hscriber, to the date of such statement, together with a statement of the total amount expended, or liability incurred by or on behalf of such candidate, or in furtherance or in aid of such candidacy; but no candidate who is prohibited from expending more than five hundred dollars shall be required to file a statement prior to any election. If in the statement herein required,,n - money has been received or expended, no further statement shall be required of a candidate or of a campaign manager after their election.

19:44-2. Statement by campaign manager after election; contents; affidavit of candidate Within twenty days after any primary, general, municipal or special election, the campaign manager of any candidate for nomination for or candidate for election to any public office shall file, as hereinafter provided, with the officer with whom the candidate is required to file his acceptance of nomination a statement of the total amount expended, or liability incurred, by or in behalf of such candidate, or in furtherance of or in aid of such candidacy, which statement shall include the total amount named in the statement of expenses filed prior to such election, as well as the total amount of expenses incurred subsequent to the date of filing such last named statement. When the candidate is also his own campaign manager the affidavit required by the last paragraph of this section need not be filed.

19:44-4. Candidate acting as own campaign manager When the candidate shall act as his own campaign manager all reports and statements required to be filed by the campaign manager shall be filed by the candidate as his own campaign manager, .and in such case the candidate shall not be required to file any separate statements or reports..- New Jersey ( cont inued))R~h

19:44-5. Depository's statement after election; afi daiit Within twenty days after any primary, general, municipal or special election, the cashier or treasurer of the bank or trust company selected by any candidate at such election as above provided, if any money was deposited, shall file, as hereinafter provided, all of the deposit slips presented to the bank with any deposit of mnoneys to the account known as the campaign fund uf such cai- didate, arranged in the order of their respective dates, and all of the vouchers presented to the bank upon which any funds were withdrawn from any such account, arranged in the order of their respective dates.

2. Expenditure Limitation

None

3. Regulations on Contributions

19:34-$2. Confributtens by insurance corporations No insurance corporation ar association doing business in this state shall, directly or indirexcfy, pa or use, or offer, consent or agiee to pay or use, any money or property tor or in aid of aniy political party, committee, organization or corporation, or for or iaid af amy c'x' id t' Cor politIca I , or f' r inat on for such office, or for as p hiti xai put pose hit oevr, or tar thte te- imnbvs enmnt at ini an i at in of an Ieat n for m' ry or pi p- erty st usd. Any officer, dir etor, stockholde", attoincy ar went of any corportion or association wxhick violaics any of the pi ovisions of this titl>, who participates in, aids, abets, or advises or consents to any stuii violat on, and any person who solicits ar knowingly receives any money at property in violation of this titlt, shlI be guilty of a m-iccvm ,nor. 19:34-45. Contributions by ertain corporations No corporation carrying on the Ibusiness of a bank, saxviags bank, co-operative bank, trust, trustee, savings indemnity, safe deposit, insurance, railroad, street ran x ay. telcpliune, telegraph, gas, electric light, heat or power, canal or aqueduct company, or having the right to condemnn land, or to exercise franchises in public ways granted by the state or any county or municipality, and no corporation, person, trustee or trustees, owning or holding the of stock in any such corporation, shall pay or contrib- majority nxney no'n-thematepratatdtvinrdervahueofthingor m ntion 01 election of any person, or in urdur to aid or promote w nterests, success or defect of any politcal party. CRS-148

New Jersey (continued)

19:34-41. Payments and bank deposits in name of another No person shall make :my payment of his money, or of the mon- of any other person, in connection with any nomination or election in any other name than that of the person who actually sup- p:ics such money, nor shall any person knowingly receive such :noney, or thing of value, and enter it in his accounts or deposit it in any bank or trust company, in any other name than the name ffthe person who actually supplies the same.

4. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated

19:34-36. Advertisements, meetings, rent and salaries No person shall expend any money or other thing of value or incur any liability in aid or furtherance of his candidacy for nomination for or election to any public office or party position, or in aid or furtherance of the candidacy of any other person, or in opposition to the candidacy of any other person, for nomination for or election to any public office or party position for any purpose whatsoever except the following: Advertising in nevspa- pers, magazines and periodicals, in or on railroad cars, trolley cars, motor or other vehicles and airplanes; or by means of banners, electric signs, moving pictures or wireless telephone or telegraph; holding political meetings, including expenses for music and other entertainment, at such meetings, and for advertising such meetings; the traveling expenses and compensation of agents actually employed in arranging for and conducting such meetings, paying for watchers at the polls, as in this title provided, making contributions to the state or county committee, as in this title provided, maintaining candidates' or party headquarters, including the hire of rooms and the compensation of employees actually employed therein, salary or fees of stenographers, telegraph or telephone charges, postage, expressage, traveling expenses of candidates, and the preparation and printing of literature and the distribution thereof.

Historical Note Source. L.19,0, c. 187, 468, p. 896.

19:34-37. Certain expenditures authorized No person shall expend money or other thing of value or incur any liability in aid or furtherance of his candidacy for nomination for or election to any public office or party position, or in aid or furtherance of the candidacy of any other person for nomination for or election to any public office or party position or in opposition to the candidacy of any other person for any of the following purposes, but the specific prohibitions contained in this section, or in any other portion of this title, shall not operate to permit, by implication or otherwise, the expenditure of money or thing of value or the incurring of any liability for a purpose not specifically authorized by this title or to limit or in any way re- strict the operation of section 19:34-36 of this title: CRS-1h9

New Jersey (continued)

Advertising. a. The printing and distribution of posters, the posting of cards, advertisements or posters upon billboards, dead-- walls, trees or posts, or the placing of the same in the windows of buildings, but nothing in this title contained shall prohibit a can- ;idatc or his campaign manager or any organization, association, club or group of individuals, other than a state, county or municipal committee as herein provided, from having printed for circulation, mailing, or advertising in newspapers, literature, cards or printed posters; or from displaying literature, cards or printed posters on billboards, in windows of dwelling houses or stores; or prohibit the distribution of portraits or posters for the furtherance of the nomiation or election of any candidate, or the voting for, or against, any public question: Watchers, agents and challengers. b. The hiring of watchers, agents or challengers for any work on any primary day or other election day; but any candidate for nomination or party position may hire one watcher for each election district in which he is to be voted for at any primary election; and any group of candidates who shall have been bracketed on any primary ballot or who shall have united in a joint campaign may hire not more than one watcher or challenger at such polling place, which watcher or challenger shall represent all of such group. Nothing in this title contained shall prohibit any candidates not bracketed or conducting a joint campaign from joining in the hire of watchers. Each political party or organization may employ not exceeding two persons on election day to act as challengers or agents in each polling place; Vehicles for voters. c. The hiring of any vehicle for the transportation of voters to or from the polls; but nothing in this title. contained shall be construed to in any way limit the right of any candidate, person or persons, organization or club to furnish transportation for any voter to and from any polling place where he may be legally entitled to register or cast his vote; Speakers and writers. d. To pay compensation of any kind or character to any person because of services rendered or to be rendered in seeking to create a public sentiment in favor of, or against any candidate by any means or method, except those for which expenditure of money is above specifically authorized; Personal services. e. To pay compensation of any kind or character to any person for any personal services rendered, except clerical services, the services of watchers at the polls on any election day as authorized by this title in furtherance or in aid of the candidacy of any candidate for nomination or election to any public office or party position, unless within twenty-four hours after the person shall have been employed by such candidate or his campaign manager, or shall have commenced to render the services for which compensation is to be paid, a notice, signed by the I

CRS-150

New Jersey (continued)

candidate or his campaign manager, shall be filed in the office where such candidate is required to file his statement of expenses, stating such person has been employed by such candidate or his manager for compensation and the nature of the services to be rendered by him. All such notices shall be kept by the officer with whom the same are filed and so arranged that ready reference may be had thereto, and shall be open to the inspection of the public.

Historical Note Source. L.1.930, c. 187,1 460, p. 896.

19:34-38. Certain expenditures prohibited No person shall pay, lend or contribute, or offer or agree to pay, lend or contribute, any money or other valuable considern'- tion to or for any person for any of the following: a. The doing or procuring to be done of any act forbidden to be done by the laws relating to primary or general elections; or b. The commission of any crime or offense against the elective franchise, or the encouragement or assistance of a person in the commission of a crime or offense against the elective franchise, or aiding or assisting any person charged with the commission of a crime against the elective franchise to evade arres t or to escape conviction and punishment; or

C. Political Campaign Material

Sec. 19:34-25J. l. To provide for the payment for the insertion in any newspaper or magazine of any article tending to influence any person to give or refrain from giving his vote to any candidate or candidates at any election; or to provide for payment for the distribution of any newspaper or magazine wherein any such article is printed; or to provide for payment of the printing or of the distribution of any circular, handbill, card, pamphlet or statement tending to influence any person to give or refrain from giving his vote to any candidate at any election; but this prohibition shall not be construed to prohibit the printing and distribution of paid advertisements, which advertisements shall be indicated by the words "This advertisement has been paid for by " (inserting the true name and address of the person or persons paying for the same); nor shall it be construed to prohibit the printing and distribution of circulars, handbills, cards, pamphlets or statements which shall have printed on the face thereof the true name and address of the person or persons paying for the printing and distribution thereof, which fact shall be indicated by the words "The cost of the printing and distribution of this circular (or as t~h- case may be) has been paid by " (inserting the true natae and address of the person or persons paying for the same).

...... -.IIMI

CRS-151

New Jersey (continued)

19:34-38.1 Printing and distribution of circulars, handbilLs, etc.; required statement exhibit, distribute or No person shall print, copy, publish, exhibiting or dis- pay for the printing, copying, publishing, tribution or cause to be distributed in any manner or by any ad- means, any circular, handbill, card, pamphlet, statement, to any vertisernent or other printed matter having reference or rejection of election or to any candidate or to the adoption general, or any public question at any general, primary for the pamphlet, special election unless such circular, handbill, card, shall bear statement, advertisement or other printed matter the person upon its face a statement of the name and address of copied or published or or persons causing the same to be printed, by whom the of the name and address of the person or persons has been cost of the printing, copying, or publishing thereof of the person or is to be defrayed and of the name and address copied or published. or persons by whom the same is printed, L.1963, c. 57, 2, supplementing Title 19, c. 34.

D. Penalties Generally

CHAPTER 34 CRIMES AND PENALTIES-ENFORCEMENT: Sec. 19:34-1. False registration or transfer;- penalties. 19:34-2. Offenses concerning nomination certificates or petitions. 19:34-3. Ballots; offenses concerning printing, distribution, pos session and forgery thereof. 19:34-4. Voting by person convicted of disfranchising crime.J-1 19:34-5. Interference with conduct of election. 19:34-6. Obstructing or interfering with polling place or voter. 19:34-7. Violation of ballot regulations. 19:34-8. Sample ballot not to be accepted. 19:34-9. Prompting voter. 19:34-10. Identifying or distinguishing marks on ballots. 19:34-11. Fraudulent voting; interference with election or canvass; misdemeanor. 19:34-12. Attempt to cast illegal vote; misdemeanor. 19:34-13. Attempts by election officers to discover how voter voted misdemeanor. 19:34-14. Member of district board revealing knowledge of how voter voted. CRS-152

New Jersey (continued)

19:34-15. Electioneering within or about polling place; misdemeanor. 19:34-16. Removal, destruction or mutilation of registry lists or voters' lists. 19:34-17. Unlawfully taking ballot box or removing contents; destroying ballots; willfully suppressing records. 19:34-18. Interfering with return of ballot boxes. 19:34-19. Insignia at polls. 19:34--20. Soliciting or procuring or assisting unlawful registration and other violations of election law. 19:34-21. Voting in wrong party ballot box. 19:34-22. False voting at primary. 19:34-23. Primary election officials acting before taking oath; willfully disregarding or violating rules. 19:34-24. Betting on election. 19:34-25. Bribery. 19:34-26. Perjury; subornation of perjury. 19:34-27. Improperly influencing or intimidating employees. 19:34-28. Threatening or intimidating voters. 19:34-29. Obstructing or interfering with voter. 19:34-30. Influencing of vote by employer; placards for such purpose. 19:34-31. Violation by person or corporation; misdemeanor; forfeiture of charter. 19:34-32. Contributions by insurance corporations. 19:34-33. Contributions by state, county or municipal committees. 19:34-34. Expenditures by party committee or organization or peti- tioners. 19:34-35. Other contributions and expenditures. 19:34-36. Advertisements, meetings, rent and salaries. 19:34-37. Certain expenditures authorized. 19:34-38. Certain expenditures prohibited. 19:34-38.1 Printing and distribution of circulars,..handbills, etc.; required statement. 19:34-38.2 Record of printer or publisher; contents. 19:34-38.3 Use of name and address of association, organization or committee. 19:34-38.4 Exemption of bona fide news item or editorial. 19:34-39. Other expenditures prohibited. 19:34-40. Receipts for certain purposes prohibited. 19:34-41. Payments and bank deposits in name of another. 19:34-42. Contributions by office holders. 19:34-43. Soliciting for religious and charitable organizations. 19:34-44. Solicitation of candidates for contributions. 19:34-45. Contributions by certain corporations. 19:34-46. Disfranchisement as additional penalty. 19:34-47. Second offense; punishment. 19:34-48. Neglect of duties. CRS-153 New Jersey (continued)

19:34-49. Abetting violations of title. 19:34-50. Committeemen acting after their election voided. 19:34-51. Failure of delegate to national convention to surrender void certificate. 19:34-52. Indorsement of candidate by party committee before pri mary. 19:34-53. Failure to supply information. 19:34-54. Failure to obey subpoena or refusal to testify. 19:34-55. False statements under oath. 19-:34-56. Disobedience of subpoena; civil penalty; body attach-Z ment; contempt of court. 19:34-57. Subponas; officers required to issue; expense of; nod issued on election day..: 19:34-58. Witnesses required to testify; incriminating testimony-. 19:34-59. Compulsory attendance, testimony and production. of; books and .papers; incriminating testimony. 19:34-60. Incriminating testimony not used against witnesses 19:34-61. Testimony of offender. 19:34-62. Prosecutor of pleas to present violations to grand jury.' 19:34-63. Assistant for prosecutor; employment by citizens.:.

I CRS-154

NEW MEXICO

Unless otherwise designated, references are to N.M. Stat. Ann. 1953,

1970 Replacement and to the 1971 Supplement thereto, Title 3.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Registration

3-20-2: Registration offenses. Provides penalty for regis-

tration offenses of (A) signing or offering to sign an affidavit of

registration when not a qualified elector; (B) soliciting, procuring,

aiding or abetting any person to register or attempt to register with

the name of any other person, real or fictitious.

False Swearing

3-20-8: False swearing consists of taking any oath required

by the Election Code with the knowledge that the thing or matter sworn

to is not a true or correct statement.

3-21-17: False statements pertaining to new residents voting

in presidential elections. Voting 3-20-6: False voting consists of: A. voting or offering to

vote with the knowledge of not being a qualified eletor; B. voting in

the name of another person; C. knowingly voting, or offering to vote in

any precinct except that in which one is registered; D. voting or offering

to .vote more than once in the same election; F. inducing, aiding, or

abetting an unqualified voter to vote; or F. inducing, aiding or abetting

one to vote more than once.

------CRS-155 New Mexico (continued)

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting

3-19-2. Campaign practices-Primary elections-Report of expenditures.-At the time of the filing of his declaration of candidacy each candidate in the primary election shall be given a form for the filing of an itemized statement of expenditures. Within five [5] days after the to primary election, the secretary of state shall by certified mail send each candidate participating therein a notice of the deadline for filing after of the itemized statement of expenditures. Within ten [10] days the primary election, a candidate participating therein shall file an itemized statement of expenditures on forms prescribed and furnished by the secretary of state. The itemized statement shall be subscribed and sworn to by the candidate.

3-19-4. Primary election-Expenditures made on candidate's behalf. -- At the same time and place that he files the itemized statement of expenditures, the candidate who participated in the primary election shall also file a like itemized statement for each of the persons named by him as authorized to expend money or other things of value on behalf of his candidacy in the primary election, even though the name of such person was not among those filed by the candidate as an authorized agent.

3-19-9. 'General and special elections-Itemized statements of expenditures-Filing.-Within ten [10] days after a general or special election, a candidate participating therein shall file an itemized statement of expenditures on forms prescribed and furnished by the secretary of state. The itemized statement shall be subscribed and sworn to by the candidate.

3-19-11. General and special elections-Expenditures made on candidate's behalf.-At the same time and place that he files the itemized in a general statement of expenditures, a candidate who participated or special election shall also file a like itemized statement of payments, contributions, expenditures and promises which to the best of his knowl- endeavor- edge and belief were made by any other person in his behalf ing to secure his election, or in connection with the election of any other candidate at such election, or in the aid of any political party at such election. The itemized statement shall show the dates, the persons to whom and purposes for which such sums or things of value were paid, contributed, expended or promised.

3-19-18. Political committees-Statement by treasurer.-The treasurer of a political committee, within thirty [30] days after each election in which he shall have received or disbursed any money, shall file a full, true and itemized statement under oath of all money received and disbursed by him relating to the election within the period beginning ninety days prior to the election and ending on the day on which such statement is filed.

- I

CRS-156 New Mexico (continued) 2. Expenditure Limitation

3-19-1. Primary election - Expenditure of party money. - A. No contribution of money, or the equivalent thereof, made directly or indirectly to any political party, to any political party committee, to members of any political party committee or to any person representing or acting on behalf of a political party, and no money in the treasury of any political party or political party committee shall be expended directly or indirectly in the aid of the nomination at a primary election of any one or more persons as against any one or more other persons of the same political party running in such primary election. B. Any person who expends money, or is responsible for the expenditure of money, in violation of this section is guilty of a petty misdemeanor.

3. Regulations on Contributions

None

14. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated

None

C. Political Campaign Material

3-19-16. Political committees--Unlawful acts.-A. It is unlawful for any political committee or any member thereof to raise, collect, disburse or expend any money for any purpose for which the committee exists or acts unless such money has passed through the hands of the treasurer of the political committee. B. It is unlawful for any member of a political committee or any individual to pay for any campaign advertising in any communications media without specifying his name and the committee sponsoring the campaign advertising. The communications media in using the campaign advertising shall print or announce the name of the individual and committee paying for the campaign advertising.

D. Offenses Generally

ARTICLE 19 CAMPAIGN PRACTICES Section 3-19-1. Primary election-Expenditure of party money. 3-19-2. Primary elections-Report of expenditures. 3-19-3. Primary election-Itemized statements-Contents. 3-19-4. Primary election-Expenditures made on candidate's behalf. 3-19-5. Primary election-Place of filing. 3-19-6. Primary election-Status of itemized statements. 3-19-7. Primary election-Penalty. 3-19-9. General and special elections-Itemized statements of expenditures-Filing. 3-19-10. General and special elections-Itemized statements-Contents. 3-19-11. General and special elections-Expenditures made on candidate's behalf.

JLLJILL *IJJI--1W CRS-157

New Mexico (continued)

3-19-12. General and special elections-Place of filing. 3-19-13.. General and special elections-Penalty. 3-19-14. Political committees defined. 3-19-15. Political committees-Treasurer-Duties. 3-19-16. Political committees-Unlawful acts. 3-19-17. Political committees-Accounting for receipts and disbursements. 3-19-18. Political committees-Statement by treasurer. 3-19-19. Political committees-Itemized statement-Contents. 3-19-20. Political committees-Oath. 3-19-21. Political committee-Filing place of statements. 3-19-22. Political committees-Preservation of statements. 3-19-23. Political committees-Penalty.

ARTICLE 20 OFFENSES AND PENALTIES Section 3-20-1. Effect of article. 3-20-2. Registration offenses. 3-20-3. Unlawful opening of ballot box. 3-20-4. Unlawful opening of a voting machine. 3-20-5. Unlawful possession of keys. 3-20-6. False voting. 3-20-7. Falsifying election documents. 3-20-8. False swearing. 8-20-9. Offering a bribe. 3-20-10. Accepting a bribe. 3-20-11. Coercion of employees. 3-20-12. Intimidation. 3-20-13. Conspiracy to violate Election Code. 3-20-14. Electioneering too close to the polling place. 3-20-15. Obstructing the polling place. 3-20-16. Permitting prisoners to vote. 3-20-17. Offenses by messengers. 3-20-18. Disturbing the polling place. 3-20-19. Unlawful possession of alcoholic liquors. 3-20-20. Violation of Election Code-General penalty. 3-20-21. Violation of Code by officers. CRS-158

NEW YORK

Unless otherwise designated, references are to N.Y. Consolidated Laws

(McKinney's) and to the 1972-1973 Supplement thereto, Book 17--Election Laws.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Registration

422 (Supp.): False registration. Provides for penalty for

any person who: 1. Registers or attempts to register as an elector in

more than one election district, or more than once in the same election

district; or 2. Registers or attempts to register as an elector, knowing

that he will not be a qualified voter in the district; or 3. Registers

or attempts to register under any name but his own; or 4. Knowingly gives

a false residence within the election district when registering as an

elector; or 5. Knowingly permits, aids, assists, abets, procures, com-

mands or advises another to commit such an act.

False Swearing

424 (Supp.): 2. Provides penalty for making a material false

statement on any affidavit in connection with registration or voting.

Voting

. 436: Illegal voting. Provides penalties for one who know-

ingly votes or attempts to vote when not qualified, aiding or advising one

to do so; votes more than once or in an election district in which one

does not reside, aids or assists one in doing so; 5. Being an inhabitant

of another state or county, votes or offers or attempts to vote at an

election in this state or aid and abets another to do so. CRS-159 New York (continued)

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting Article 13

328. Application of article limited 1. This article shall apply to elections of town or village officers file state- only in respect of the provisions requiring a candidate to ments and regulating the form thereof and the time and place of filing. This article shall not apply to any person, association or corporation or other engaged in the publication or distribution of any newspaper publication issued at regular intervals in respect to the ordinary conduct of such business. 2. This article shall not apply to any candidate or committee who 1 to file or which, pursuant to the laws of the United States, is required or report of the campaign receipts, expenditures and lia- a statement the of such candidate or committee with an office or officer of bilities the government of the United States and a copy thereof in the office of secretary of state. As amended L1972, c. 947, 1. 1 See 2 U.S.C.A. 1 431 et seq. added 1972 Amendment. L.1972, c. 947, ing provisions as subd. 1, and 5 1, eff. June 8, 1972, numbered exist- subd. 2.

321. Statements of campaign receipts and expenditures by political committee The treasurer of every political committee which, or any officer, member or agent of which, in connection with any election, receives or expends any money or its equivalent or incurs any liability to pay money or its equivalent shall file sworn statements, as prescribed by section three hundred twenty-three, setting forth all the receipts, expenditures and liability of the committee, and of every officer, member and other person in its behalf. Such statements shall include the amount received, the name and address of the person from whom received or the name of and the political unit represented by the committee from which received, the date of its receipt, the amount of every expenditure, the name and address of the person to whom it was made or the name of and the political unit represented by the committee to which it was made, and the date thereof ; and unless such expenditure shall have been made to another political committee, they shall state clearly the purpose of such expenditure. Expenditures in sums under five dollars need not be specifically accounted for by separate items, except in the case of payments made for account of or to political workers, watchers or messengers. L.1949, c. 100, eff. March 9, 1949.

322. Statements of campaign receipts, expenditures and contributions other than by a political committee 1. Any candidate for election to public office, or for nomination for public office at a primary election or convention, or for election to a party position at a primary election, shall file sworn. statements, as prescribed by section three hundred twenty-three, setting forth thc particulars specified by section three hundred twenty-one, as to all moneys or other valuable things, paid, given, New York (continued

fd r1mi.d by him to nil-r his xw nom ti &o success or defeat of a pol aljI m' or to piomote the Sof a d o" iunluonce the normiaationi or lectio 0 r0th N1 IhCC c UidtctohbexotfifOr11t he elcctrnnor prm itions to p lit S a nenti0n, ii[udmng contx I and of atone ci U mxetes gciits thercoi ft< able tho js receivedbyv 0r pro st to him such 10% the purp oste$ abox :op 'cified, except that V be fdled 1by a can ate for party position at arp am ly Pe if he cxpencIed noth ag or his only expenditur l' , :sQ1 defined, in a sum nc a d e penls0s, as herein4 ifter hil s. 2. A ny p)0e on, other than a eadidt t, wh oton rornote ti n uencet tee oct. ces or Pt foxt of a political parts, op to aid 0r elet ion or do rct of a caudidath for nomination at a pimary to be conx ention, 01 of a candidate for ay parI p0sitior fo" at a wimryi olectiotn, directly 0r indirot'tly, sha gin oxgs , contribute 01 promise any nioncy or t o mlp to the chairman, treasurer or x mernb polltc C ct I in a citing t mO' . or to an rt tlr authz :1 thuoet dy aut ',at to a candidate or ag'nt of such cand 1:" rsonaI 'P ftreto in xwtiting byv the caudiPdate, or exci it fat p flir tts, as exp n is' as be11 Unafto t defined, sha f11Ide swxx 011s ettint, >rth as t 'ed hr scctionI thrr e hundr d txxenty-three, s< f pits'e , ,,. >ecifit Ssftio thcee hUt money r, 0 1 g Pm txto-on .n- 3. For ti 10 put Lhi sectiOf, pe)o t0t I rym rts for ftraeliag ox, al c' It: to:4.een .t.J d!1to, for writing, riiftng rt for ttras dt public iod at rec N ci, citculot', Or tther It couantgasat11' 3"r pe 'tr0 pd rs11 upon public 0r tt iitrc anl for telegrapli, Ir lephoti ad othr public sg" rice; but all suca cxm n &s shall be limi oP to flu' uxuirred and paid by the eand I- 10), off. Mm>c 11 :ei ir pron eciedm11tisw tion. L.19 19, c.

2. Expenditure Limitations

Article i6

ft 465. ~lmtatiou of amoonts to be expended by or for candidates 1. The total amount expended by a candidate for a public office, or a party position voted for at a prizar or general or special election, by the qualified electoms of the state or any political subdivision thereof, for anyo e ppas specified in section tour hundred thirty- nine of this chapter, r contributionsto political c ittees, as that dfind section ree hundr dtwenty of the election law, or Trm m ec ay eiid ee

, ... ",cy r .- n m":,[ ! .?F. i (M+.- x a-, S ;F S.na^ 3-14 K.a1Y:."ii ,1. -. : ""'t'r'9S " hC .vF.xZ-7T.^'F . n..t cyY. .{ Tnrwtc _ :7!'-,q.. T. "'c .. "1^.,. ... ._ - . .. , .. -. RPS-61

1W ntinued)

a. i any prirmary electia for party position the sumn of ten cents tor eacli oter enro led in such cndidate's party in the plit ic subdiiion inwhich he is a candidate. li. Inanyprimaryeletion fo nomination for pbip offcethe sum of two thousand tiv hundred doll as i the t tal number of xoter enroll mn the cand date's party in the polVtic a 1 subdvia in which he is a candidate skull be tweaty-fie thousand or Is; tfthe totaI nhr o ot ers rolled in suh candidate's part vnasch VfitcIa 1 uudsoz shulbe in ates Mutwnv-ie thousndthesum tf ten d lars for ta1 on lundr d inrolltd sottrs an xes of such number my bc dded. IWhi suhpr imay Ietio is fr state-wde ottic such c adidate miay spend an atouat not to exceed the sum of te cents for enc voterrolled nsid candidat'sppry inthe antre stat. .In any generl or speI election tf the total number of votes et an subh politcl subdxiioi fo all candidates for the ofie (fgoxeriorat the last precedin state eefuin shll b ity thoi- sand ormlss, the st of fv thout addollats i the tilalime ot sote a t it h poltua udiiion at such Iast pmecdin state etctnfu n ies otf ty hou ad, the ism af te dollar for each an huadd tas inexcessof suc number maybe added to the amunts abov specit ed. d.Ay candidate for public office who sha11 e pend for the purposes above mentioned an amount an excess of the sr herean specified shall he gilty of a m idem anor. 2. Th amount expmded inthe Ilctionof aniadivtdulcanddat by aII eoamittees taking part sol a his election and by all pra as other than the cadidate sha11 not exceed in all the amount atuthorized by the precediag subdivision to he expended by sah candidate. Any pronwwok knwanglys sall aid orparticpat ithe eapnditure fr at p roses aettoed in thssubdivsonofanaarount nexcesso the amout specified ma this subid iision sall be gity of amsdemeanor Added L. IC c. 1031, 43 amended L.1&2,c$54 ff. June 2,10 8

3. heguations an Contributions

Article 13

326. Campag contribution to be under tre name of contributor No person shall in any name except his own, dir etly or indirect- Iy, make a pameat r pi pomise of paymeat to a political committee ar to any ofhcice or member thereof, or to any person acting under its authority or an ifs bihAtf, aorasha11any such committee or any such prson know itgly rceh payment at pramise at paymat, ar enter or cause the sme to be wanted ii tli accomnts or records of su ch committee, in any name other than that of tha

... , ... ,.m3+ : it?.^i- r,.r} '7't/' 7'tt 1Fd; 1^ :2' n .. ;s }Kw r7 xr+ ti...... Y.c a, ,"Ra+.. n-fe < ^, , R. k-. ., i w,. v,.. r .v--.wy . CRs-162 New York (continued)

Article iE. Corporations

9 46W. Political contributions prohibitd; penalty; witnesse&' prini leae \o corporation or jointsttek association doing business in this static, r'pt a corporation or association organized or maintained for political p roses only, shall directly or indirectly pay or use or offer, consent or a oe to pity or use any money or property for or in aid of any po ical party, committee or organization, or fbr, or in aid of, sty coratrion, joint-stock or other association organized or maintained for Political purposes, or tor, or in aid of, any candidate for political cOkhe or for nomination for such office, or for any political purpose whatever, or for the reimbursement or indemnification of any person for moneys or property so used. Any officer, director, stockholder, attorney or agent of any corporation or joint-stock association which violntvs any of the provisions of this section, who participates in, aids, abets or advises or consents to any such violation, and any person who solicits or knowingly receives any money or property in violation of this section, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. Added L.1965, c. 1031, 43, eff. Sept. 1, 1967

4.. La i l Expediturea num1rated

None

C. Political Cmaign Mterial

Article 16

! 437, Printing or other reproduction of certain political literature No person sna'l print, publish, reproduce or distribute in qaantity, nor to lie printed, published, reproduced or distributed by any method y kniddhal, pamphlet, ircut ar, post card, placard or letter for another, h contains any state ent, notice, information, allegation or other nz erial concerning acy politwal party, candidate, csnuittee- person, proposition or amendment to tIe state constitution, whether in favor of or iainst a political party, cardidate, committee, person, proposition ni amendment to the state eoostiiution, in connection with any election o; jiubhic officers, party ot~ciaks, candidates for nomination for public 2ee aryposition, proposition or amendment to the state constitution aboutlsopriing or reproducing thereon legibly and in the English I. -guage the name and post-ofice address cf the printer thereof and of thi orson or committee at those instance or request such handbill, p.nph'et, circular, post caid, placard or letter is so printed, published, produced or distributed, and of the person who ordered such printing, publihing, reproduction or distribution, and no person nor committee shall so print, publish, reproduce or distribute or order to he prited, published, reproduced or distributed any such handbill, pamphlet, ciren- bir, post card, placard or letter without also printing, publishing, or producingg has or its name and post-office address thereon. A violation of the provisions of this section shall constitute a misdemeanor. The tmrn "printer" as used in this section means the principal who or ihitch hy independent contractual relationship is responsible directly to the person or committee at whose instance or request a handbill, pamphlet, circular, io t cart, p aad or etter printed, published, repro- duct d or dist aibuted by ebcpr ic 1a, 1ndoe not include a person working for or emphoyd aysch aprincipaL. Added L.1905, c. 1031, 4 43, elf. Sep,.1, 967.

r1:;: .. ; e, -M ... rYri .^sn<:..s'i .. w ,.. - .'u mnw .,, ... 4. ,^[ . E :c' - .. iii. .... N' : '^Y'-" ir! i?~7, '-":!?' '^ X -. n, a: .7,vir?. c:> r.+ ves .x-4F ^ ;a ^'.N'. 'r. ... . F:acr:. ""rnr:"r -n-rq: o- ,..., i. . . .. i+' CRS-163

New York (continued) D. Offenses Generally

ARTICLE 16-VIOLATIONS OF THE ELECTIVE FRANCHISE [NEW] See. 420. Definitions. 421. Misdemeanors at, or in connection with, political caucuses, primary elections, enrollment in political parties, committees, and conventions. 422. False registration. 423. Misconduct of registry or election officers. 424. False affidavits; mutilation, destruction or loss of registry list or affidavits. 425. Solicitation of money for newspaper support. 426. Misdemeanors concerning police commissioners or officers or members of any police force. 427. Failure to furnish information; false information. 428. Removal, mutilation or destruction of election booths, supplies, poll-lists or cards of instruction. 429. Refusal to permit employees to attend election. 430. Misconduct in relation to certificates of nomination and official ballots. 431. Misconduct in relation to petitions. 432. Failure to deliver official ballots. 433. Misconduct of election officers and watchers. 434. Violation of election law by public officer or employee. 435. Misdemeanor in relation to elections. 436. Illegal voting. 437. Unlawful use of pasters. 438. False returns; unlawful acts respecting returns. 439. Furnishing money or entertainment to induce attendance at polls. 440. Giving consideration for franchise. 441. Receiving consideration for franchise. 442. Offender a competent witness; witnesses' immunity. 443. Bribery or intimidation of elector in military service of the United States. 444. Duress and intimidation of voters. 445. Pernicious political activities. 446. Conspiracy to promote or prevent election. 447. Political assessments. 448. Corrupt use of position or authority. 449. Failure to file statement of receipts, expenditures and contributions. 450. Procuring fraudulent certificates in order to vote. 451. Issuing fraudulent certificate of literacy. 452. Presenting fraudulent certificates to registry boards to procure registration. 453. Soliciting from candidates. 454. Judicial candidates not to contribute. 455. Limitation of amounts to be expended by or for candidates. 456. Political contributions by owners of polling places prohibited. 457. Printing or other reproduction of certain political literature. 458. Penalty. 459. Crimes against the elective franchise not otherwise provided for. 460. Political contributions prohibited; penalty; witnesses' privilege. 461. Destroying or delaying election returns. 462. Restrictions on voting: persons convicted of crime. CRS-164

New York (continued)

ARTICLE 13-CAMPAIGN RECEIPTS, EXPENDITURES AND CONTRIBUTIONS Sec. 320. Political committee defined. 321. Statements of campaign receipts and expenditures by political committee. 322. Statements of campaign receipts, expenditures and contributions other than by a political committee. 323. Times for filing statements required by article; general provisions. 324. Places for filing statements of campaign receipts, expenditures and contributions; forms. 325. Treasurer of political committee; filing of name and address. 326. Campaign contribution to be under true name of contributor. 327. Accounting to treasurer or candidate; vouchers. 328. Application of article limited.

logo" CRS-165

NORTH CAROLINA

Unless otherwise designated, references are to N.C. Gen. Stat.,

1972 Replacement and the 1972 Interim Supplement thereto.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Registration

163-275: (1) Declares that it shall be a felony for a person

to fraudulently register in more than one precinct, or to procure his or

any other person's registration in a precinct where such person does

not qualify to vote therein. (13) It is a felony for any person to make

or present any certificate or paper to qualify, or attempt to qualify,

any person fraudulently as a voter.

False Swearing

163-275: (4) It is a felony for any person knowingly to

swear falsely with respect to any matter pertaining to any primary or election. (6) For any person to take corruptly the oath prescribed

for voters, and the person so offending shall be guilty of perjury. Voting

163-275: (7) It is a felony for any person to register or

vote at more than one precinct or more than one time, or to induce

another to do so, or to vote illegally at any primary or election.

A a

North Carolina (continued) CRS-166 B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting

163-263. Statements under oath of preprimary expenses of candidates; report after primary.-It shall be the duty of every person who shall be a candidate for nomination in any primary for any federal, State or district office, or for the State Senate in a district composed of more than one county, except where there shall be agreement for rotation as provided in G.S. 163-116, to file, under oath, 10 days before such primary, with the Secretary of State, an itemized statement of all expenditures made by him or which he knows to have been made by anyone for him, and of all contributions made to him, directly or indirectly, and also to file, under oath, within 20 days after such primary, with the Secretary of State, an itemized statement of all expenditures made by him or which he knows to have been made by anyone else for him. and also of all contributions made to him, directly or indirectly, by any person, with detailed account of such contributions and expenditures as set out in G.S. 163-264. And it shall be the duty of every person who shall be a candidate for nomination for the State Senate, except those to whom the preceding sentence applies, for the House of Representatives, and for any county office, to file a like statement with the clerk of the superior court of the county of his residence at the times hereinbefore prescribed for filing such statements by candidates for federal, State and district offices as set out in the preceding sentence: Provided, however, that candidates for the House of Representatives in multi-county representative districts shall file copies of the said statement with the clerk of superior court of each county in the representative district. It shall be the duty of the chairman of the county board of elections to send a written notice to each candidate in a primary election who filed a notice of candidacy with said chairman, and who had one or more candidates to run against the candidate in the primary, of this requirement to file his or her primary campaign statement of expenses with the clerk of the superior court both before and after the primary. Such notice shall not be required where an unopposed candidate did not have to run in the primary and was nominated without party opposition. (1931, c. 348, s. 6:1959, c. 1203, s. 10; 1966, Ex. Sess., c. 5, s. 15; 1967, c. 775, s. 1.)

163-265. Statements required of campaign committees covering more than one county; verification of statements required.-A like statement as that required in the preceding section [G.S. 163-264] shall be filed by any and all campaign committees as hereinbefore defined with the Secretary of State not more than 15 days nor less than 10 days before any primary, general or special election, and not more than 20 days after any such primary, general or special election, if said campaign committee is making expenditures in more than one county; and if such campaign committee is making expenditures in only one county a like or similar report so itemized shall be made within the same periods to the clerk of the superior court of such county. All of the statements or reports of contributions or expenditures as in this Article required of any candidate or campaign committee must be verified by the oath or affirmation of the person filing such statement or report, taken before any officer authorized to administer oaths. (1931, c. 348, s.8; 1967, c. 775,

2. Expenditure Limitation

None

3. Regulations on Contributions CRS-167

North Carolina (continued)

163-269. Violations by corporations.-It shall be unlawful for any corporation doing business in this State, either under domestic or foreign charter, directly or indirectly to make any contribution or expenditure in aid or in behalf of any candidate or campaign committee in any primary or election held in this State, or for any political purpose whatsoever, or for the reimbursement or indemnification of any person for money or property so used, or for any contribution or expenditure so made; or for any officer, director, stockholder, attorney or agent of any corporation to aid, abet, advise or consent to any such contribution or expenditure, or for any person to solicit or knowingly receive any such contribution or expenditure. Any officer, director, stockholder, attorney or agent of any corporation aiding or abetting in any contribution or expenditure made in violation of this section shall, in addition to being guilty of a misdemeanor as hereinafter set out, be liable to such corporation for the amount of such contribution or expenditure, and the same may be recovered of him upon suit by any stockholder thereof. Any person violating this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction shall be fined or imprisoned, or both, in the discretion of the court. (1931, c. 348, s. 9; 1951, c. 983, s. 1;1967, c. 775, s. 1.) 163-270. Using funds of insurance companies for political purposes.-No insurance company or association, including fraternal beneficiary associations, doing business in this State shall, directly or indirectly, pay or use, or offer, consent or agree to pay or use, any money or property for or in aid of any political party,~committee or organization, or for or in aid of any corporation, joint-stock company, or other association organized or maintained for political purposes, or for or in aid of any candidate for political office or for nomination for such office, or for any political purpose whatsoever, or for the reimbursement or indemnification of any person for money or property so used. An officer, director, stockholder, attorney or agent for any corporation or association which violates any of the provisions of this section, who participates in, aids, abets, advises or consents to any such violation, and any person who solicits or knowingly receives any money or property in violation of this section, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall be punished by imprisonment for not more than one year and a fine of not more than one thousand dollars ($1,000). Any officer aiding or abetting in any contribution made in violation of this section shall be liable to the company or association for the amount so contributed. The Commissioner of Insurance may revoke the license of any company violating this section. No person shall be excused from attending and testifying, or producing any books, papers or other documents before any court or magistrate, upon any investigation, proceeding or trial for a violation of any of the provisions of this section, upon the ground or for the reason that the testimony or evidence, documentary or otherwise, required of him may tend to incriminate or degrade him; but no person shall be prosecuted or subjected to any penalty or forfeiture for or on account of any transaction, matter or thing concerning which he may so testify or produce evidence, documentary or otherwise, and no testimony so given or produced shall be used against him upon criminal investigation or proceeding. (1907, c. 121; C. S., s. 4199; 1967, c. 775,s. 1.)

4. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated

None

------11orr North Carolina (continued) slB C. Political Campaign Material

Se. 163-2 . Certain Acts declared $ Mse enors

(7 For any person to publish in a newspaper or pa phlet or otherwise, any charge derogatory to any candidate or ca culated to affect the candidate's chances of nomination or election, unles such publication be signed by the party gving publicity to and being responsible f r such charge; (8) For any persn to publish or cause to be circulated derogatory reorts with reference to any candidate in any primary or election, kowing such rept tob false or in reckess disre ard of its truth or fsity, when such report is calculated or intended to affet the chanesof such candidate for nomination or election;

D.COfensen Generally

s.h VIII. Criminal Offeus's Art. 22, C r upt Practices and Other Ofens AgatnsA the Elec noe Fr nohise 1G3-29. 1) fnto S13-2 0. De)a1ed a ci unts o kep)t by cind'dates and atheis

re' 'vng (ontribuins S16-22 Deta iod -counig of per os making expndiure 1 963 Staemot uuder oath ot pre-rimryoexpen sof candidat s; oe)ort atc pr marv S32 '4. Cin cuts of sueh statmnts 1 132G5 lxiimnt requi d of canp'ig com ltes caer n mare than one coun y; ver ic ion of statemients r puared 1 G-26G Fa' ure to report contr'hUbutns ar expcndturs ad mi adumeauor 16326. 'ecretry of Stte to rcportf fisre tofile reports .quest -.. ec.t1r ad sa rior .taturtcirksto repo'Is; Attorney Gnr ind ai'c'tor to proscut 1 -29. oatasb coporaaxios S63-270 Usingfuuds of isuranr comupanosfor paiticalppo cs. G3-271 Tntimaidation of xai ra b A oiers nade maoiamao 13273. 0 lnses ofxvoters; interferencewih votr.; p Iats 163-274. Crtin aet doc ared misd enor-s 163-27 Cerain acts deck 6d felonies S13-276. Convicted offcials' remnosai from aff'e sa S13-277 C in e 'ug self-ino' inn'tung te'stmany' person te tri. g excosed frir pm-os cution to S6-278. Do y of Attarney Genora und slI c'tars to prose viol'tian. of art' le

'.a^ t. . , . x. u ,. .. ,:k" Cesp 'ate w .NSm x .n ,.._ ,..r. ., v.... 1" ^ti""= '?:i^', v,{r. -«.yW . !, 'il'7"'i T,, r?,=N'M S ""-t i":!"* 4 _Y,4 Nx. n my ;"1 f l 'z ^_FHCa ,r, -.. ., .. _ t. - - rv V

CRS-169

NORTH DAKOTA

Unless otherwise designated, references are to the N.D. Cent. Code

Ann. and to the 1971 Supplement thereto.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Registration

12-11-12: Unauthorized registration. Prohibits registering,

k '&ing that one is not a qualified elector.

Fal seSwearing

12-11-14: False statement to secure registration or voting

privilege. Prohibits knowingly making any false statement or misrepresen-

tation.

16-16-25: Prohibits false statements in qualifying to vote

as new resident in presidential elections.

Voting

12-11-16: Unqualified voting. Every person knowing himself

.not to be a qualified voter who votes or offers to vote at any election,

is guilty of a misdemeanor.

12-11-17: Procuring unlawful vote.

12-11-15: Voting or offering to vote more than once.

12-11-18: Voting in wrong precinct or district.

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting None

2. Expenditure Limitation CRS-170

North Dakota (continued)

16-20-04. Limitation on campaign expenses.-No sum of money shall by any candidate be paid and no expenses shall be authorized or incurred seeking nomination to any public office or position in this state in a the nomi- primary election campaign or any candidate who has received nation to any public office or position and is a candidate in the general of five hundred election or any candidate in a special election in excess of the office for which dollars or fifteen percent of the annual salary may be incurred for is running, whichever is greater. Such amounts he the provisions of election. Any candidate who fails to abide by each 16-20-24. this section shall be punished as provided in section

3. Regulations on Contributions

shall 16-20-05. Actual contributors' names required.-No person make a payment of his own money or of another person's money to in any any other person in connection with a nomination or election name other than that of the person who in truth supplies such money, and no person knowingly shall receive such payment, nor enter, nor cause the same to be entered, in his accounts or record in any name other than that of the person by whom it actually was furnished.

16-20-08. Campaign contributions by corporations or cooperative corporation corporations prohibited.-No corporation or cooperative use, offer, doing business in this state, directly or indirectly, shall pay, consent, or agree to pay or use, any money, property, or any thing of value: 1. To aid any political party, committee, or organization ; for 2. To aid any corporation or association organized or maintained political purposes; 3. To aid any candidate for political office or for nomination for such office ; 4. For any political purpose or the reimbursement or indemnification of any person for money or property so used; or 5. For the influencing of legislation of any kind. of a If an officer, employee, agent, attorney, or other representative prohibited corporation or cooperative corporation makes any payments violates the provi- by this section out of corporate funds or otherwise sions of this section, it shall be prima facie evidence of a violation by or such corporation or cooperative corporation. No person shall solicit receive such payment from any corporation.

h. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated

None CRS-171 North Dakota (continued)

C. Political Campaign Material

16-20-17.1. Political advertisements to disclose name and address of sponsor.-Each and every political advertisement, whether on behalf of or in opposition to any candidate for public office, initiated measure, referred measure or constitutional amendment, and whether such advertisement shall be by newspaper, pamphlet or folder, display cards, signs, posters or billboard advertisements, or by any other public means, shall disclose at the bottom of same the name or names and address or addresses of the sponsors of such advertisement, and the name or names and address or addresses of the person, persons, associations, partner- ships or corporations promoting or paying for such advertisement, except however, this section shall not apply to campaign buttons. At the close of every radio or television broadcast containing any advertising announcements or talk for or against any candidate for public office, any initiated measure, referred measure or constitutional amendment to be voted on by the people, there shall be announced at the close of said broadcast the name or names of the person, persons, associations, part-

16-20-17.3. Publication of false information in political advertisements-Penalty.-No person, firm, corporation, or association shall knowingly sponsor any political advertisement containing false information, whether on behalf of or in opposition to any candidate for public office, initiated measure, referred measure, or constitutional amendment, and whether such publication shall be by radio, television, newspaper, pamphlet, folder, display cards, signs, posters or billboard advertisements, or by any other public means. Any person, firm, corporation, or association who shall violate the provisions of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor.

D. Offenses Generally CHAPTER 12-11 OFFENSES AGAINST THE ELECTIVE FRANCHISE Section 12-11-01 "Election" defined. 12-11-02 Lawful interference with un- . lawful election. 12-11-03 Irregularities no defense. 12-11-04 Convicted felon offering to vote-Penalty. 12-11-05 Betting upon election-How punished. 12-11-06 Electors-Giving or receiving bribe. 12-11-07 Illegal influence of elector- Witness must testify. 12-11-08 Contributing money for elec- tiofis-How punished. 12-11-09 Bribing election officers. 12-11-10 Defrauding elector in his vote. 12-11-11 Obstructing elector. 12-11-12 Unauthorized registration - How punished. 12-11-13 Personation of registered voter. 12-11-14 False statement to secure registration or voting privilege. 12-11-15 Voting or offering to vote more than once - Punish- ment. CRS-172

North Dakota (continued)

1211-16 Unqualified voting. 12-11-17 Procuring unqualified vote. 12-11-18 Voting in wrong precinct or district. 12-11-19 Voting unlawfully at township meeting.

Section 12-11-20 Good faith as defense to illegal voting. 12-11-21 Unlawful influence of voter. 12-11-22 Disturbing election. 12-11-23 Disturbing public meeting of electors. 12-11-24 Preventing public meeting of electors. 12-11-25 Disobedience of election judges and officers-Sum- mary arrest. 12-11-26 False certificates, making, receiving-Suppressing certificate-Falsely endorsing or - failing to endorse ballots. 12-11-27 Destroying ballots, ballot boxes, poll lists. 12-11-28 Destroying supplies, lists, or cards. 12-11-29 Clerk keeping false poll list. 12-11-30 Excluding authorized or accepting unauthorized vote- Duty to challenge. 12-11-31 Falsely canvassing or certifying votes. 12-11-32 County auditor-Neglect to canvass returns. 12-11-33 Mutilating election returns- Preventing delivery-Felony. 12-11-34 Political convention-Who may use proxy.

CHAPTER 16-20-CORRUPT PRACTICES

Section 16-20-01 Corrupt practice-What constitutes. 16-20-02 Limitation on campaign expenses incurred at primary election-Repealed. 16-20-03 Limitation on campaign expenses incurred at general election-Repealed. 16-20-04 Limitation on campaign expenses. 16-20-05 Actual contributors' names required. 16-20-06 Offers to procure office for elector-Misdemeanor. 16-20-07 Charitable contributions and payments by candidates prohibited-Exceptions. 16-20-08 Campaign contributions by corporations or cooperative corporations prohibited. CRS-173 North Dakota (continued)

16-20-09 Penalty for corporation or officer thereof contributing for political purposes. 16-20-10 Person not excused from testifying as to violation -Prosecution or penalty waived upon testifying. 16-20-11 Aiding, abetting, or advising violation-Penalty. 16-20-12 Where violation prosecuted. 16-20-13 Treating by or in behalf of candidate-Prohibited. 16-20-14 Elector accepting drink of alcoholic beverage guilty of misdemeanor- Grounds for challenging vote. Section 16-20-15 Paying another person for attendance at polls, trans- porting persons, registering, and personal services prohibited. 16-20-16 Political badge, button, or insignia at elections. 16-20-17 Political advertising to be labeled paid. 16-20-17.1 Political advertisements to disclose name of sponsor. 16-20-17.2 Penalty. 16-20-17.3 Publication of false information in political advertisements-Penalty. 16-20-18 Paying owner, editor, publisher, or agent of newspaper to advocate or oppose candidate editorially prohibited. 16-20-19 Electioneering on election day-Penalty. 16-20-20 Failure to file list of expenses - Name omitted from ballot - Delay in making statement-Effect -Repealed. 16-20-21 Candidacy of persons must be bona fide-Repealed. 16-20-22 Candidate guilty of corrupt practice to vacate nomination of office-Filling vacancy. 16-20-23 When action to contest election to be commenced. 16-20-24 Penalty for violation of - chapter. CRS-17h

OHIO

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Ohio Rev. Code Ann.,

1972 Replacement Volume.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting Registration, False Swearing

3599.11: Prohibits registering or attempting to register,

or aiding and abetting one to do so, in any precinct where one is not a

qualified voter; or by false statement or false swearing to any oath, or

by impersonating anyone, registering or attempting to register where

one is not qualified.

3599.36: Perjury in matters relating to elections.

3504.06: Provides penalty for false statement or affidavit

required for new resident to vote in presidential election.

VcIing

3599.12: Illegal voting. Prohibits voting in any precinct

when not qualified, voting twice, or attempting to vote illegally.

3599.25: Inducing illegal voting. Prohibits aiding and

abetting one to vote knowing that such person is not qualified to do so.;

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting 3517.10. Statement of expenditures. Every candidate and campaign committee and every person, committee, association, or group of persons, incorporated or unincorporated, profit or nonprofit, including corporations and unions, and every committee or group formed by or under the auspices of a corporation or union, who contributed, promised to contribute, received, or expended, directly or indirectly, any money or things of value in connection with the nomination or election of any candidate at any election held in this state shall, not later than four p. m. of the forty-fifth day after such election, file a full, true, and itemized statement, subscribed and sworn to before an officer authorized to administer oaths, setting forth in detail the moneys or things of value so contributed, promised, received, or expended. Such statement shall contain the following information: (A) The full name of the person, committee, 'I'sociation, or group of persons filing a receipt CRS-175

Ohio (continued)

and expenditure statement; if a committee, association, or group of persons, the full name of the chairman or treasurer; (B) The address, including the street, city, and state, of the person, committee, association, or group of persons filing the statement; if a committee, association, or group of persons, the address of the chairman or treasurer; (C) The candidate's full name; (D) The candidate's address, including street and city; (E) The date of election and whether it was a general, primary, or special election; (F) A statement of moneys or things of value shall contributed, promised, or received, which include: (1) The month, day and year such moneys or things of value are received; (2) The full name of the person, committee, association, or group of persons from whom moneys or things of value are received; if a committee, association, or group of persons, the full name of its chairman or treasurer; (3) The address, including street, city and state, of the person, committee, association, or group of persons from whom moneys or things of value are received, except that this requirement does not apply to the statements filed by a duly organized state or local committee of a political party nor to a finance committee of such committee; if a committee, association, or group of persons, the address of its chairman or treasurer; (4) A description of what was received, whether moneys or things of value; if other than money the item must be described; (5) The value in dollars and cents of moneys or things of value received. (G) A statement of expenditures which shall include: (1) The month, day and year of expenditure; (2) The full name of the person, committee, association, or group of persons to whom the expenditure was made; if a committee, association, or group of persons, the full name of its chairman or treasurer; (3) The address, including the street, city and state, of the person, committee, association, or group of persons to whom the expenditure was made; if a committee, association, or group of persons, the address of its chairman or treasurer; (4) The object or purpose for which expenditure was made; (5) The amount of each expenditure. (H) The statement of receipts and expenditures must be signed by the person completing the form in the presence of an officer authorized to administer oaths; (I) Full names and addresses shall be listed; (J) All receipts and expenditures shall be itemized separately regardless of the amount except a receipt of funds from an individual contributor in the sum of twenty-five dollars or less inmoney or things of value at one social or funds CRS-76 Ohio (continued) faising activity. The total receipts from such social or fund-raisin; activity shall be listed separately, together with the expenses incurred and paid in connection with such activity. (K) If the candidate is a candidate for nomi- tration or election to a statewide office, or for nomination or election to the general assembly or to the congress of the United States, all lobbyists registered with the secretary of state pursuant to section 101.71 of the Revised Code, shall be identified as lobbyists with full names and addresses and contributions listed separately. Such candidates who did not receive or expend, directly or indirectly, any money or things of value in connection with their nomination or election shall, not later than four p.m. of the forty-fifth day after such election, fie a statement to that effect, subscribedl and sworn to before an officer authorized to administer oaths. Individuals, other than candidates or committees, making only contributions, the receipt of which must be accounted for by others, need not file such statement. The statements shall also set forth the unpaid debts or obligations of such candidates, persons, committees, associations, and groups, incurred in connection with any such election, and shall specify the balance in the hands of the accounting person, committee, association, or candidate, and the disposition intended to be made thereof. The form for such statements shall be prepared by the secretary of state, and furnished to the boards of elections in the several counties, and such boards shall supply printed copies of such form without charge. Any individual other than a candidate who has expended any money or thing of value for or on behalf of any candidate, campaign, or other committee or association may, instead of filing a separate statement as provided in this section, attach it to and be a part of the statement to be filed by the candidate, campaign committee, or association. If the money or thing of value was received from a candidate, campaign committee, or association, to be spent for or against any candidate, an account stating in detail when, where, to whom, and for what purpose, and in what sum such amounts were expended, shall be attached to and form a part of the statement to be filed by a candidate, committee, or association. Every such committee, association, or group of persons shall appoint a treasurer and designate his full name and address, including street, city, and state, to the secretary of state or the county board of elections. The treasurer shall keep a strict account of all such moneys, from whom received and the purpose for which they were disbursed. Every payment in excess of twenty-five dollars, required to be accounted for, shall be vouched for by a receipted bill, stating the purpose of the expenditures, which shall be filed with the statement of expenditures. The secretary of state or the board of elections, as the case may be, shall issue a receipt for each such statement filed by a candidate and preserve a copy of such receipt for a period of at least six years. All such statements shall be open to public inspection in the office where they are filed, and shall be carefully preserved for a period at least for the duration of the term of CRS-177

Ohio (continued)

office for which the candidate was seeking nomination or election. This section shall not apply to unopposed candidates for election to the office of member of county or state central committee. For the purpose of sections 3517.10, 3517.11, 3517.12, and 3599.44 of the Revised Code, the voluntary contribution of time by a person to a candidate or issue shall not be considered "a thing of value" unless such person is being paid by another for such contribution of time. HISTORY: GC 4785-186; 113 v 307 (396), 9 186; 114 " 679 (712); 125 f 713 (795); 126 v 205 (228); 127 v 741 (754) (Eff 1.1-58); 133 f H 1040. Eff 9-14-70.

35174.11 Filing of statements of receipts and expenditures. If the statement prescribed by section 3517.10 of the Revised Code relates to the nomination or election of persons whose candidacy for nomination or election was submitted to electors throughout the entire state, such statement shall be filed with the secretary of state. If such statement relates to the nomination or election of persons whose candidacy for nomination or election was submitted only to electors within a district com- prised of more than one county but less than all of the counties of the state, it shall be filed with the board of elections of that county or part of a county within the district which had a population greater than that of any other county or part of a county within the district according to the last federal decennial census, and if such statement relates to the nomination or election of persons whose candidacy for nomination or election was submitted only to electors within a county, it shall be filed with the board of such county; provided that if such statement relates to the nomination or election of persons who were candidates for nomination or election to the office of member of the house of representatives of congress, or election to the office of member of state board of education, it shall be filed with the secretary of state. On or before the twentieth day after any election in which statements are required to be filed by section 3517.10 of the Revised Code, every candidate subject to the provisions of sections 3517.10 and 3517.11 of the Revised Code shall be notified by certified mail with return receipt requested of the requirements of those sections. The secretary of state shall notify all candidates required to file such statements with his office, and the board of elections of every county shall notify all candidates required to file such statements with it. The secretary of state or the board of elections shall examine all statements for compliance with section 3517.10 of the Revised Code. Such examination of statements shall be conducted by a person or persons qualified therefor. The results of such examination shall be available to the public. i

CRS-178 Ohio (continued)

In the event of a failure to file a statement with the secretary of state or in the event a statement filed with the secretary of state appears to disclose a violation of law, the secretary of state shall promptly report such facts to the attorney general who shall forthwith institute such civil or criminal proceedings as are appropriate. In the event of a failure to file a statement with a board or in the event a statement filed with a board appears to disclose a violation of law, such board shall promptly report such facts to the prosecuting attorney of the county of such hoard, who shall forthwith institute such civil or criminal proceedings as are appropriate. No certiicate of nomination or election shall be issued to a person, nor shall a person elected to an office or position enter upon the performance of the duties of such office or position until he has fully complied with this section and sections 3517.08 and 3517.10 of the Revised Code. Failure of any candidate to file a statement within the time prescribed by section 3517.10 of the Revised Code shall disqualify said person from becoming a candidate in any future election for a period

of five years, except candidates for an elected office having a six year term who shall be disqualified from becoming a candidate in any future election for a period of seven years. Any candidate who wins a nomination at a primary election but fails to file a statement of receipts and expenditures within the time prescribed by section 3517.10 of the Revised Code forfeits the nomination, and the vacancy in the party nomination so created may be filled by his political party as if such candidate had withdrawn, in the manner provided by section 3513.- 31 of the Revised Code.

2. Expenditure Limitation

Sec. 3517.08

(B) The total amount expended by a candidate for election to public office shall not exceed the following amount: (1) A candidate for governor, United States senator or congressman-at-large, five thousand dollars; (2) A candidate for other state elective offices, four thousand dollars; (3) A candidate for office of representative in congress, three cents for each voter in his district voting for a candidate for presidential elector at the last prior general election held for the election of electors of president of the United States or four thousand dollars, whichever is greater; (4) A candidate for office of presidential elector, or judge of the court of appeals, three thousand dollars; (5) A candidate for the office of state senator, one thousand dollars, plus fifty dollars for each county, or part of a county, in excess of one county, in his district and in cases where the state .CRS-179 Ohio (continued)

senatorial district is included within a single county, and said state senatorial district is entitled to more than one state senator, a candidate from that district, in addition to the above, fifty dollars times the number of state senators in his district; (6) A candidate for judge of the court of common pleas or probate court, one thousand dollars; (7) A candidate for the office of state representative, seven hundred fifty dollars; to (8) A candidate for any other public office be voted for by the qualified electors of a county, township, or municipal corporation, or any part thereof, if the total number of votes cast therein election for governor at such last preceding state was five thousand or less, five hundred dollars, and if the total number of votes cast therein at such last preceding election was in excess of five thousand, five dollars for each one hundred in *xcess of such number may be added to such five hundred dollars. The amount which may be spent by any candidate at or before any primary election may be equal to, but shall not exceed the amount which is permitted to be expended for the general elec-. tion. Any candidate for a public office who expends for any purpose mentioned in this section an amount in excess of the amounts specified in this section is guilty of a corrupt practice.

Contributions 3. Regulations on

3599.03 Corporation funds shall not be used to aid political organization. (GC 4785- 192) (A) No corporation engaged in business in this state shall, directly or indirectly, pay, use, offer, advise, consent, or agree to pay or use the corporation's money or property for or in aid of a political party, committee, or organization, or for or in aid of a candidate for political office, or for a nomination thereto, or use such money or property for any other partisan political purpose, or violate any law requiring the filing of an affidavit respecting such use of such funds. Whoever violates division (A) of this section shall be fined not less than five hundred nor more than five thousand dollars. (B) No officer, stockholder, attorney, or agent of such corporation shall violate division (A) of this section, participate in, aid, or advise such violation, or solicit or knowingly receive money or other property in violation of division (A) of this section.- Whoever violates division (B) of this section shall be fined not more than one thousand dollars, or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. HISTORY: GC 1 4785-192; 113 307 (400), 96192. LI -1-.-ss.

---.-- i

Ohio (continued) CRS-180

4. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated

3517.08 Legitimate expenses; maximum expenditures. (A) No money or other things of value shall be paid, expended, contributed, loaned, or promised by, on behalf of, or in opposition to any candidate for nomination or election in order to secure or aid in securing his election or defeat, except for the following purposes: (1) For preparing, printing, and circulating nomination papers, or for payment of fees, except filing fees, in connection with the nomination or election of any candidate; (2) For traveling expenses and personal expenses incident thereto; (3) For postage, telephone, telegraph, radio, television, expressage or other public messenger service; (4) For printing, stationery, advertising, and the distribution of printed matter relative to any such candidate; (5) For rent, maintenance, and furnishing of campaign headquarters and places for public meetings; (6) For paying the salaries and wages of clerks, stenographers, and other persons actually employed in the campaign; (7) For employing witnesses at the primaries and elections, and public speakers or musicians at public meetings; (8) For copying and classifying poll lists, and for investigating and challenging the right to vote of any person on the registration or polling lists.

C. Political Campaign Material

3599.09 Political communications mus be identified; penalty. (A). No person shall write, print, post, or distribute, or cause to be written, printed, posted, or distributed, a notice, placard, dodger, advertisement, sample ballot, or any other form of publication which is designed to promote the nomination or election or defeat of a candidate, or to promote the adoption or defeat of any issue, or to 'influence the voters in any election, unless there appears on such form of publication in a conspicuous place or is contained within said statement the name and residence address of the ct-181

Ohio (continued)

chairman or secretary of the organization issuing the same, or the person who issues, makes, or is responsible therefor, except that when such publication is issued by the regularly constituted central or executive committee of a political party, organized as provided in Chapter 3517. of the Revised Code, it shall be sufficiently identified if it bears the name of the committee and its chairman, No person, firm, or corporation shall knowingly print or reproduce any notice, placard; dodger, advertisement, sample ballot, or any other form of publication in violation of this section. A candidate shall not be required to place his address on literature promoting his own candidacy. (B) No persn shall utter or cause to be uttered, over the broadcasting facilities of any radio or television station within this state, any communication which Is designed to promote the nomination or election or defeat of a candidate, or the adoption or defeat of any issue or to influ-. enoe the voters in any election, unless the speaker identifies himself with his name and residence address or unless such communication identifies either the chairman or secretary of the organization responsible for the same with the name and residence address of such officer. Division (B) of this section does not apply to any communications made on behalf of a radio or television station or network by any employee of such radio or television station or network while acting in the course of his employment. Nor does such division apply to any person who is identified by name by the station or network over which such statement is to be or was made. If the station carrying a communication falling within this section obtains the name and residence address of the person making the same, the station shall not be required to broadcast the name and residence address but shall keep the same on file and permit the inspection of the same for a period of six months by any person upon request at any time. No person shall use or cause to be used a false, fictitious, or fraudulent name or address in the making or issuing of a publication or communication included within the provisions of this section. No person shall print, post, publish, circulate, or distribute a written or printed false statement, knowing the same to be false, concerning a candidate which is designed to promote the defeat of such candidate. Whoever violates this section shall be fined not less than three hundred nor more than two thousand dollars. HISTORY: CC 9 4785-198; 113 v 307 (401), 9 198; 127 r 203 (EU 9-17.59); 129 v 244 (E 101661); 180 v S44 E 5-1943. For an analogous section, see fonner GC 18348-1. CRS-182 Ohio (continued)

D. Offenses Generally

CHAPTER 3517: CAMPAIGNS; POLITICAL PARTIES Section [POLITICAL PARTIES] 3517.01 Definition. [3517.01.]3517.011 [Form of petition.] [3517.01.2] 3517.012 [Party de jure upon filing petition.] [3517.01.3] 3517.013 Candidates Of new parties exempted for four years. [3517.01.4] 3517.014 Candidates of new parties exempted at first primary. [3517.01.5] 3517.015 Signers of declarations of candidacy for new party deemed members regardless of- prior political affiliation. [3517.01.6] 3517.016 [New party vote not barred by prior affiliation.] 3517.02 Election of controlling committees; filing of organizational information. 3517.03 Membership of controlling committees. 3517.04 Organizational procedures of central committees. 3517.05 Term of committee members; vacancies; rightful county central or executive committee. 3517.06 Lists of members of party committees filed; report of changes. 3517.07 Parties or groups engaged in un-American activities barred from ballot.

(CAMPAIGN EXPENDITURES] :17.08 Legitimate expenses; maximum, expenditures. 3517.09 Solicitations forbidden. 3517.10 Statement of expenditures. 17.11 Filing of statements of receipts and expenditures. :;17.12 Reports of expenditures on issues. - 3517.13 False statements. - -

CHAPTER 3599: OFFENSES AND PENALTIES

Section 3599.01 Bribery. 3599.02 Sale of vote by voter. 3599.03 Corporation funds shall not be used to aid political organization. 3599.04 Contributions for illegal purposes. 3599.05 Employer shall not influence political action of employee. 3599.06 Employer shall not interfere with employee on election day. 3599.07 Excessive expenditures. 3599.08 Influencing candidates and voters by publications. 3599.09 Political communications must be identified; penalty. 3599.10 Candidate for general assembly shall not be asked to pledge vote on legislation. 3599.11 False registration; penalty. 3599.12 Illegal voting. 3599.13 Unqualified persons signing petitions; circulator. 3599.14 Prohibitions relating to petitions. 3599.15 Sale, theft, destruction, or mutilation of petitions. 3599.16 Misconduct of members or employees of board of elections. 3599.17 Failure of registrars, judges, and clerks to perform duties. 3599.18 Misconduct of registrars and police officers. 3599.19 Misconduct of judges and clerks of elections in polling place. 3599.20 Secret ballot. 3599.21 Absent voter's ballot. 3599.22 Printing of ballots. 3599.23 Unlawful opening; penalty. 3599.24 Interference with conduct of election. 3599.25 Inducing illegal voting. 3599.26 Tampering with ballots. 3599.27 Possession of voting machine, tabulating equipment, or marking device prohibited; tampering; penalty. CRS-183

Ohio (continued)

3599.28 False signatures. 3599.29 Possession of false records. 3599.30 Congregating at polls. 3599.31 Failure of officer of law to assist election officers. 3599.32 Failure of election official to enforce law. 3599.33 Fraudulent writing on ballots or election records. 3599.34 Destruction of election records before expiration of time for contest. 3599.35 Proxies shall not be given by party representatives; impersonation of representatives. 3599.36 Perjury in matters relating to elections. 3599.37 Refusal to appear or testify concerning violation of election laws. 3599.38 Election officials shall not influence voters. 3599.39 Second offense under election laws. 3599.40 General penalty; statute of limitations. 3599.41 Person violating election laws may testify against other violators. 3599.42 Prima-fade case of fraud. 3599.43 Communications purporting to be from boards of elections; penalty. 3599.44 Penalties. CRS-18 4

OKLAHOMA

Okla. Stats. Ann. and 1972-1973 Supplement.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Registration

93.23; Penalty for violations. Provides penalty for violating

any provisions of the Registration Act.

False Swearing 434: False swearing. Prohibits making false affidavit or

aiding and abetting one to do so.

611: Prohibits making false statement or false affidavit

under Act for new residents voting in presidential elections.

V 433: Illegal voting. Prohibits any person who not entitled to vote in this state, votes, or aids and abets or procures one to vote

when such person is not entitled to vote.

A. Campaign Financing

0 43.2 Definitions In this Act unless the context otherwise requires (a) "candidate" means a person who has filed a NotificatiQn and Declaration of Candidacy for any public office pursuant to 26 O.S.1961. 1 16:, as amended, or any comparable statute, but shall not include any person who has withdrawn or any person whose candidacy is unopposed. (g) "state office" includes all elective offices which are filled by statewide balloting in the general election and also includes national offices, legislative offices. district attorney offices and district judicial offices, and all other offices where two or more counties are included in the con- stituency of the office, but does not include county, city, town or school district offices. 1. Reporting j 423.3 Reports of contributions (a) Every candidate for state office who receives a contribution of the value of Five Hundred Dollars ($500.00) or more shall file a written report thereof as hereinafter provided. (b) Every candidate for local office who receives a contribution of the value of Two Hundred Fifty Dollars ($250.00) or more shall file a written report thereof as hereinafter provided. (c) Every political party which receives a contribution of Five Hun- dred Dollars ($500.00) or more shall file a written report thereof as hereinafter provided.

1, A

CRS-185

Oklahoma (continued)

(d) If a contributor makes more than one contribution to a candidate or a political party and any of such contributions are of a value less than the amounts specified herein, then such contributions shall be reported whenever the aggregate value or amount of such contributions and the theretofore unreported contributions to such candidate or such political party equals or exceeds the amounts prescribed herein. (e) Contributions of a value less than those above prescribed shall be reported as one aggregate total without identifying the contributors thereof. Laws 1968, c. 403, $ 3, emerg. eff. May 17, 1968. 423.4 Agents and records (a) Every candidate for public office shall designate a person (who may be the candidate) to be his agent fcr the receipt and expenditure of contributions. Such agent may designate as many subagents as he deems fit. A candidate may remove his agent and designate another agent at any time. A candidate or agent may remove a subagent and designate other suhagents at any time. The designations of agents and subagents shall be made in writing filed with the election board upon forms prescribed by the Secretary of the State Election Board. No person shall act as an agent or as a subagent until after his designation is so filed. (b) Every political party shall designate a person to be its agent for the receipt and expenditure of contributions. Such agent may designate as many subagents as he deems fit. A political party may remove its agent and designate another agent at any time. The designations of agents and subagents shall be nade in writing filed with the election board upon forms prescribed by the Secretary of the State Election Board. No person shall act as an agent or as a subagent until after his designation is so filed. (c) Each agent shall maintain written records of all contributions and expenditures handled by him and shall require each of his subagents to maintain a written record of all contributions and expenditures handled by each such subagent. Such written records shall be the property of the candidate or political party to which they relate and shall be delivered to such candidate or such political party immediately upon (1) demand by the candidate, political party or agent, or (2) removal of an agent or a subagent or (3) upon the expiration of his appointment or (4) ten (10) days after the general election, whichever shall first occur. Laws 1968, c. 403, 4 4, emerg. elf. May 17, 1968. 423.5 Form of reports The Secretary of the State Election Board shall prescribe the forms to be used by all candidates and political parties for making such reports and shall cause them to be printed and distributed to every person who requests them. Such forms shall require specific identification of each contributor in the case of contributions of the values prescribed in Sec- tion 3, including his address, and a specific description of the contribution. Such reports shall set forth all campaign expenditures in detail by categories or objects of expenditure. Such reports for candidates shall be subscribed under oath by the candidate and his designated agent. Such reports for political parties shall be subscribed under oath by the principal officer of the political party and its agent. The forms for reporting shall contain such other terms and provisions as the Secretary of the State Election Board may prescribe to further accomplish the purposes of this Act. No fictitious names shall be used on such reports. The reports shall show the correct name of the person actually making the contribution. Laws 1968, c. 403, 1 5, emerg. eff. May 17, 1968.

423.6 Time of filing reports The reports of contributions and expenditures required by this Act shall be filed with the election board within the times hereinafter set forth: (a) The report of a candidate shall be filed npt more than fifteen (15) days after the date of each general election and shall include all contributions received and all expenditures made from the date the filing period opened or the date of his last report, whichever is later, through the tenth (10th) day after such election. CRS-186 Oklahoma (continued)

(b) The report of a political party shall be filed fifteen (15) days after the date of the general election and shall include all contributions received and all expenditures made from the date the filing period opened through the tenth (10th) day after such general election. (c) If any contributions are received or expenditures are made within six (6) months after the date of the general election the candidate or the party shall file a supplemental report thereof within sx (6) months and ten-(10) days after such general election. (d) Reports may be filed by mail but the same must be received by the election board not later than 4:30 p. m. on the day specified for filing in order to be deemed timely filed. Laws 1968, c. 403, 6, emerg. eff. May 17, 1968.

2. Expenditure Limitation

None

3. Regulations on Contributions

(a) Maximum Contributions h 1.7 Maximum contributions Dollars No person or family may contribute more than Five Thousand to a political party. No person or family may contribute ($5,000.00) state more than Five Thousand Dollars (45,09.)0) to a candidate for office. nor more than One Thousand Dollars (f1,000.00) to a candidate for local office. Laws 1968, c. 403, 7, emerg. eff. May 17, 1968.

(b) Contributions in false name

Sec.4 23.5 (see Reporting)

Sec. 439

Corporate contributions to campaign funds. No corporation chartered under the laws of this State, or foreign to admitted to do business in this State, shall contribute corporation any other any campaign fund of any political party of this State or to person for the benefit of such party or its candidates, norshall they, through any agent, officer, representative, employee, attorney, or any other person or persons, so contribute. Nor shall any such corporations, except a banking corporation in this State, directly or through such other person, make any loan of money or anything of value, or give or furnish any privilege, favor or other thing of value to any political party, or to any representative of a political party, or to any othe: person for it, or to any candidate upon the ticket of any political party. Any agent, employee, representative, official, attorney or any other person, who acts for a corporation in extending any o the benefits herein prohibited, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be fined not less than Fifty nor more than One Thou- sand Dollars and imprisonment in the county jail not less than thirty nor more than one hundred and twenty days; provided, that the provisions of this section shall apply to nonpartisan candidates. 1 439, Title 26, 0. e. 1911. CRS-187

" Oklahoma (continued)

C. Political Campaign Material

LITERATURE (NEW] 491. Anonymous election literature prohibited-Penalty- Whoever, other than the candidate himself, writes, prints, posts or distributes or causes to be written, printed, posted or distributed a circular, poster, or advertisement which is designed to injure or oppose the nomination or election of a candidate for public office or to influence the voters on any constitutional or statutory acrm 'went, or any other issue in a state, city, county or school board elect uon, or to influence the vote of any member of the Legislature, unless there appears upon such circular or poster or advertisement, in a conspicuous place, either the name and address of the person, it an individual, or the name and address of the president, chairman, and secretary, or of two (2) officers of the organization, if an organization, who placed the order for the advertising or had the printing done, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction. thereof, shall be fined not exceeding Five Hundred Dollars ($500.00) or imprisoned in the county jail not to exceed thirty (30) days, or be punished by both such fine and imprisonment. Laws 1968, c. 233, 4 1, emerg. eff. April 24, 1968.

D. Offenses Generally

CHAPTER 13. CAMPAIGN CONTRIBUTIONS AND EXPENDITURES Sec. 423.1 Title of Act [New]. 423.2 Definitions [New]. 423.3 Reports of contributions [New]. 423.4 Agents and records [New]. 423.5 Form of reports [New]. 423.6 Time of filing reports (New]. 423.7 Maximum contributions [New]. 423.8 Income tax deduction for contributions [New]. 423.9 Penalties [New]. 423.10 SeverabiUty [New]. CHAPTER 14 OFFENSES AND PENALTIES

ACT OF 1908 Sec. 431. Failure of member of precinct board to serve. 432. Failure of counter to serve. 433. Illegal voting. 434. False swearing. 435. Removal or mutilation of supplies. 436. Electioneering' or. congregating near polls-printed knateral near voting place-disclosure of vote. 437. Offenses by inspectors. 438. Employees to be allowed time to vote. 439. Corporate contributions to campaign funds. 440. Corporations influencing or intimidating voters. 441. Violations by agents.'

442. Drinking or intoxication near election. 443. Disorderly conduct. - 444. Bribes. - 445. Disfranchisement for bribery .. :. 446. Witnesses-. - -,- 447. Election certificates, crimes concerning. 448. Bribe for withdrawal. 449. Solicitation,.of bribe. - 450. Removal of supplies. 451. Destroying supplies. - CRS-188

Oklahoma (continued)

ACT OF 1913 471. Penalty for official misconduct. 472. Stealing ballot box and other frauds-destroying or tampering with election records. 473. Carilying away or defacing or mutilating ballot; tally sheet or ballot box. .474. flaking false canvass or returns. 475., Repeating and illegal voting-penalties. 476. Canvass of returns-violation of duty. 477. Fraudulent changing of ballots.- 478$. Divulging votes. 479. Disturbances and intimidations. 480. Destruction and substitution of ballots. CRS-189

OREGON

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Ore. Rev. Stat.,

Replacement Parts 1971.

A. Fraudulent Voting and Registration

Registration, False Information

247.121: Prohibits any elector from giving false informa-

tion for registration.

247.117: Provides penalty for giving of false information for

registration.

247.420: Provides penalty for false information for new

resident to vote in presidential elections.

260.610: Prohibits one fraudulently registering more than once,

in another name, or in a precinct where one is not a resident. 260.552: Prohibits knowingly making any false oath or

affidavit required by any provision of election laws.

Voting

260.710: Prohibits anyone voting or attempting to vote

knowing he is not qualified.

260.492: Prohibits voting more than once or in a false name.

B. Campaign Financing

260.00.5 Definitions for ORS 260.1.05 to 260.255. As used in ORS 260.005 to 2¬').255 and subsection (1) of ORS 260.990.:-less the context requires otherwise: (1) "Candidate" means an individual seeking nomination or election to public -dfice whose name is printed on an official ballot for public office or whose name is expected to be or has been presented, with his consent. for nomination or election to public office. (8) "Public office" means any national, state, county, school or other district, precinct, city, ward or political party office or position that is filled by the voters. (191 c.749 11 CRS-190 Oregon (continued)

1. Reporting

for any state office not to be vov'ci f:?in i h state at large files a sta'2:sent r q.:e i paragraph (a) of subsection (1 of S01 260.072 with the Secretary of State, the Sec- retary of State immediately shall send a copy of the statement to the county clerk of the county in which the candidate resides. The county clerk shall preserve the copy of the statement for at least 60 days after the date of the election to which the statement refer:, and thereafter may destroy the copy. [1971 c.749 i81 260.090 [Repealed by 1971 c.749 82] 2C0.072 Statements of candidates and political committees; time of filing; estimates 260.002 Supplemental statements of un- in pre-election statements. (1) Except as expended balances and deficits. (1) If a state- otherwise provided in ORS 260.112 and ment filed under paragraph (b) of subsection 260.132, the political treasurer of each candi- (1) of ORS 260.072 shows an unexpended ba'- date and the political treasurer of each politi- ance of contributions or an expenditure clefi- cal committee shall file with the filing officer: cit, the political treasurer of the candidate or (a) Not more than 10 days and not less political committee shall file with the filing than seven days before the date of an elec- officer: tion, a statement of all contributions received (a) Not more than 30 days after the date and all expenditures made by or on behalf of of the filing of the statement under para- the candidate or political committee during graph (b) of subsection (1) of ORS 260.072, the period beginning as provided in subsec- a supplemental statement of contributions tion (2) of this section and ending on the 10th and expenditures. day before the date of the election. (b) Every 60 days after the date of the (b) Not more than 30 days after the date filing of the first supplemental statement, a of an election, a statement of all contributions supplemental statement showing any change received and all expenditures made by or on in an unexpended balance or contributions behalf of the candidate or political committee from the unexpended balance shown in the during the period beginning as provided in previous supplemental statement. subsection (2) of this section and ending on the date of the the date of the election. (c) Every 60 days after filing of the first supplemental statement, (2) The period referred to in subsection a (1) of this section supplemental statement showing an expendi- begins: ture deficit until a supplemental statement (a) For a regular biennial general elec- shows no expenditure deficit. tion, on the 15th day after the date of the preceding primary election. (2) Each supplemental statement re- (b) For any other election, on the 250th quired by this section shall be signed and cer- day before the date of the election. tified as true and correct by the political (3) Each statement required by this sec- treasurer required to file it. [1971 c.749 9] tion shall be signed and certified as true and correct by the political treasurer required to 260.100 [Repealed by 1957 c.643 59; file it. [1971 c.749 7] 260.102 Statements of persons reducing expenditure deficit. A person who receives or 260.075 [1965 c.289 3 (260.067, 260.075 and 260.077 enacted in lieu of 260.070); 1967 c.469 1; re- expends money or any other thing of value, pealed by 1971 c.749 82] after the date of an election, for the purpose 260.077 [1965 c.289 4 (260.067, 260.075 and of reducing an expenditure deficit shown by 260.077 enacted in lieu of 260.070); 1967 c.339 3; re- a statement of contributions and expendit-res pealed by 1971 c.749 82] filed by a political treasurer, and who is not 260.080 [Repealed by 1971 c.749 82] the political treasurer and does not receive or expend the money or other thing of value 260.082 Statements of candidates for through the political treasurer, shall file with local state offices; filing with county clerks. the filing officer a statement showing the When the political treasurer of a candidate source of all money or other things of value CRS-191

Oregon (continued)

so rec ived or expcndcd. The statement shall mittee during the previous biennial period. list the name and address of each individual The statement shall be signed and certified as who contributed an amount of more than $5. true and correct by the political treasurer of The statement may list as a single item the the committee. total amount of contributions in amounts of [1971 c.749 131 $5 or less each, but shall specify in that case how those contributions were obtained. The 260.142 Statements of individuals. Not statement shall be signed and certified as true more than 30 days after the date of an elec- and correct by the person required to file it tion, each individual who makes expenditures or by his authorized representative. in a total amount of more than $50 in support of '1971 c.749 10] or in opposition to any one candidate, or measure shall file a 260.105 [1957 c.643 1: 1959 c.416 1; 1963 c.175 political committee 1; 1971 c.749 28; renumbered 260.345] statement of the expenditures with the filing officer. The statement shall be signed and cer- 260.110 [Amended by 1957 c.643 7; repealed by 1971 c.749 82] tified as true and correct by the individual. [1971 c.749 14] 260.112 Statements not required of can- 260.152 Statements didates for nonsalaried offices with expendi- required by filing officers on voter request. Upon the written tures not more than $250. If the public office to which a candidate seeks nomination request of any registered elector filed with a filing officer within 31 days after the date of or election is one for which there is no salary a convention or primary or nominating or compensation and if all expenditures made election, the filing officer shall demand from any by or on behalf of the candidate during a period described in ORS 260.072 are in a person or the political treasurer of any candi- total date or political committee specified amount of not more than $250, no statement in the of contributions request a statement of all contributions re- received and expenditures ceived made by or on behalf and all expenditures made by or on of the candidate dur- behalf of the ing that period is required. person, candidate or political (1971 c.749 11] committee in connection with or in any way relating to the convention or.election. The 260.120 (Amended by 1957 c.643 8; 1961 c.67 ;1; repealed by 1971 c.749 82] person or political treasurer upon whom a demand is made, whether he is otherwise re- 260.122 statements of no contributions quired by law to file a statement or not, shall or expenditures. Except as otherwise provided file with the filing officer, within 10 days in ORS 260.112, if no contribution is received after the date the demand is made, the state- or expenditure made by or on behalf of a ment demanded. The statement shall be signed candidate or political committee during a and certified as true and correct by the person period described in ORS 260.072, the political or political treasurer required to file it. treasurer of the candidate or political com- [1971 c.749 15] mittee shall file with the filing officer, at the 260.162 Contents of statements. (1) A time required by ORS 260.072 for the period, statement filed under ORS 260.072, 260.092, a statement to that effect. Each statement 260.132, 260.142 or 260.152 shall set forth: shall be signed and certified as true and cor- (a) Under contributions, a list of all con- rect by the political treasurer required to tributions received. The statement shall file list it. the name and address of each person who [1971 c.749 12] contributed an amount of more than $25, and 260.130 [1967 c.339 2; repealed by 1971 c.749 the amount contributed by that person. The 82] statement may list as a single item the total amount of contributions 260.132 Statements of party in amounts of $25 or central less each, but shall specify committees. Not more than 30 days in that case how after the those contributions. were obtained. date of each regular biennial general election, (b) Under expenditures, a list of all ex- the political treasurer of the state central penditures made, showing the amount and committee and the political treasurer of each county central purpose thereof. Each expenditure in an committee of a political party amount of more than $25 shall be vouched for shall file with the Secretary of State a state- by a receipt or canceled check or an accurate ment of all contributions received and all ex- copy thereof. A statement filed under para- penditures made by or on behalf of the com- graph (a) of subsection (1) of ORS 260.072 may list as a single item the total amount of expenditures without showing the amount and purpose of or vouching for each expenditure. Any thing of value paid for or contributed by any person shall be listed both as an expenditure and a contribution. (2) If a candidate, political committee or his or its political treasurer employs or uses the services of an agent to make expenditures on his or its behalf, a statement filed by the political treasurer shall include a list of all expenditures made by the agent. [1971 c.749 10]

WMII CRS-192 Oregon (continued)

2. Expenditure Limitations 20.025 Limitations on contributions and expenditures by candidates. (1) No candidate shall make contributions and expenditures in support of his nomination and, if nominated, in support of his election in a total amount of more than an amount equal to 25 percent of the annual salary or compensation of the public office for which he is a candidate or $1,000, whichever is greater. (2) For the purpose of subsection (1) of this section, the following contributions and expenditures made in support of the nomination or election of a candidate are considered made by the candidate: (a) Those made on behalf of the candidate and for which the candidate personally is liable. (b) Those made by the candidate's spouse, partner, employer or employe. (3) Violation of subsection (1) of this section is a misdemeanor. (1971 c.749 J2] 3. Regulations on Contributions

2G0.402 Payments in false name. (1) No person shall make a payment of his own money or of another person's money to any other person, in connection with a nomination or election, in any name other than that of the person who in truth provides such money. No person shall knowingly receive such payment or enter or cause it to be entered in his accounts or records in another name than that of the person by whom it was actually provided. However, if the money is received from the treasurer of any political committee, it shall be sufficient to enter it as received from such treasurer. (2) Violation of this section is a misdemeanor. [Formerly 260.210]

260.472 Payments by or solicitation of certain businesses. (1) As used in this section, "corporation or company" means: (a) Any corporation carrying on the business of a bank, savings bank, cooperative bank, trust, trustee, surety, indemnity, safe deposit, insurance, telegraph, telephone, gas, electric light, heat, power, canal, aqueduct, water, cemetery or crematory company. (b) Any company engaged in business as a common carrier of freight or passengers by railroad, motor truck, motor bus, airplane or watercraft. (c) Any company having the right to take or condemn land or to exercise franchises in public ways granted by the state or any county or city. (2) No corporation or company shall pay or contribute in order to aid, promote or prevent the nomination or election of any person, or in order to aid or promote the interests, success or defeat of any political party or political committee supporting or opposing any person as a candidate. No person shall solicit or receive such payment or contribution from such corporation or company.

4 - - I - -I - - I- - -, : r 7 - - -I - --- - C- -- -- II------. -I - - - 1-- - -1- I - -- -- , - I.- - -- WRRW Oregon (continued) CRS-193

(3) This section does not prohibit any voluntary activity for or against any candidate undertaken by an officer or employee of a corporation or company on his own behalf that is: (a) Casual and occasional and occurs during business hours; or (b) More than casual and occasional but occurs on the officer's or employee's own time.

4. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated

None

C. Political Campaign Material

260.512 Identification of paid political matter published in periodicals; payments for editorial advocacy or opposition. (1) No publisher of a newspaper or other periodical shall insert, either in its advertising or reading columns, any paid matter that is designed or tends to aid, injure or defeat any candidate, political party or political committee or any' measure submitted to the people, unless it is stated therein that it is a paid advertisement. There shall also appear, in the nature of a signature to the advertisement, the name of the person inserting it, with his residence address. No person shall pay the owner, editor, publisher or agent of any newspaper or other periodical to induce him to editorially advocate or oppose any candidate for nomination .or election or any measure submitted to the people. No such owner, editor, publisher or agent shall receive such payment. (2) Violation of this section is a misdemeanor. . [Formerly 260.340] 260.520 (Amended by 1957 c.644 15; 1971 c.749 35; renumbered 260.375] 260.522 Identification of source of political publications. (1) No person shall print, publish, post or circulate or cause to be printed, published, posted or circulated through the mails or otherwise any letter, circular, bill, placard, poster or other publication relating to any election or to any candidate or measure at any election, unless it bears on its face the name and address of the publisher thereof. (2) Violation of this section is a misdemeanor. (Formerly 260.360] 260.530 [Repealed by 1957 c.644 28] 260.532 False publications relating to candidates or measures. (1) No person shall write, print, publish, post or circulate, or cause to be written, printed, published, posted or circulated, any letter, circular, bill, placard, poster or other pubhication, or cause any advertisement to be placed in a newspaper or any other publication, or singly or with others pay for any such advertisement, knowing such letter, circular, bill, placard, poster, publication or advertisement to contain any false statement of material fact relating to any candidate or political committee, or if he is candidate, to himself, or any false statement of material fact relating to any measure. (2) Violation of this section is a misdemeanor. (Formerly 20.380] CRS-194 Oregon (continued)

D. Offenses Generally

Chapter 260

1971 REPLACEMENT PART Campaign Finaice Regulation; Election Offenses

CAMPAIGN FINANCE 260.345 Complaints or other information regarding ELECTION State REGULATION violations; action by Secretary of (Generally) and Attorney General of nomination or offlee for de- for ORS 260.005 to 260.253 260.355 Deprivation 260.005 Definitions liberate and material election violations (Limitations on Contributions and Expenditures) 260.365 Election or appointment after deprivation and expendi- of nomination or office for violations 280.023 Limitations on contributions proceedings for election law viola- tures by candidates 260.375 Court tions, generally (Political Treasurers and Accounts) 260.035 Political treasurers; requirement; appoint- (Particular Offenses) ment; functions 260.402 Payments in false name 260.045 Contributions to treasurers by out-of-state 260.412 Undue influence to affect registration, vot- political committees ing, candidacy; solicitation of money or 260.05:; Accounts of contributions and expendi- other benefits tures; inspection; preservation of ac- 260.422 Acceptance of employment where compen- counts sation to be contributed 260.432 Solicitation of public employes; activities of (Statements of Contributions and Expenditures) public employes during working hours 260.062. Filing of correct statement required 260.442 Transfer of convention credential for value 260.072 Statements of candidates and political com- 260.432 Payments for becoming or refraining from mittees; time of filing; estimates in pre- becoming candidate; becoming candi- election statements date to defeat another 260.082 Statem.-nt.s of candidates for local state of- 260.462 Payments for putting names on nomination fices; filing with county clerks papers or performance of political com- 60.082 Supplenmental statements of unexpended mittee duties balances and deficits 260.472 Payments by or solicitation of certain busi- 260.102 Statements of persons reducing expenditure nesses deficit 260.482 Bets and wagers on election results required of candidates for 260.112 Statements not 260.492 Obtaining ballot under false name; voting nonsalaried offices with expenditures not more than $250 more than once 260.502 Addresses for purpose of identifying source 260.122 Statements of no contributions or expendi- of political publications tures of paid political matter pub- 260.132 Statements of party central committees 260.512 Identification lished in periodicals; payments for edi- 26'.142 Statements of individuals or opposition 260.132 Statements required by filing officers on torial advocacy voter request 260.522 Identification of source of political pubica- 260.162 Contents of statements tions to candidates or (Admininstration and Enforcement) 260.532 False publications relating measures system of 264.200 Secretary of State to prescribe candidates re- accounts and forms; furnishing forms 260.542 Misleading statements by 260.205 Inspection of statements; notice of failure garding prior public service to file correct statements 260.552 False oaths or affidavits 260.213 Examination and investigation of state- 260.610 registration violations ments by Secretary of State 260.630 Preparation and communication of election 260.223 Court proceedings to compel filing of correct statements results interference 260.235 Ballot vacancies for failure to file state- 260.640 Voting and ballot violations; ments with or influencing voters 260.246 Withholding certificates of election for fail- 260.650 Disclosing votes; electioneering at or near ure to file statements polls; voting and ballot violations 260.255 Preservation of filed statements by filing 260.660 Altering or destroying ballots; false bal- officers; inspection of filed statements; lots; stealing or delaying ballots or re- copies turns no- ELECTION OFFENSES 260.670 Injuring, removing or destroying posted (Generally) tices, papers or election supplies 260.305 Definitions for ORS 260.305 to 260.710 260.710 Voting or offering to vote by persons not (Administration and Enforcement) entitled to vote of copies of law 260.315 Distribution PENALTIES 260.325 Secretary of State and county clerks to seek out evidence of violations 260.990 Penalties CRS-195

PENNSYLVANIA

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Purdon's Penn. Stat.

Ann. and to the 1972-1973 Supplement thereto, Title 25.

A. Fraudulent Voting and Registration

Registration. False Swearing

302: Electors; false affidavits or statements. Prohibits

false statement or affidavit with attempt to procure false registration

of oneself or anyone else.

3502: Perjury--any false statement made under oath or

affirmation.

Voting.

3533: Unlawful voting. Prohibits voting or attempting to

vote knowing one is not a qualified elector.

3535: Repeat voting at elections. Prohibits voting in more

than one election district or nme than once in any election, or aiding and

abetting in such action.

B. Campaign Finaincing

1. Reporting

8227. Expense accounts to be filed (a) Every candidate for nomination or election, and every treasurer of a political committee, or person acting as such treasurer, shall, within thirty days after every primary and election at which such candidate was voted for or with which such political committee was concerned, if the amount received or expended or liabilities incurred shall exceed the sum of one hundred fifty dollars, file a full, true and detailed account, subscribed and sworn to by him, setting forth each and every sum of money received, contributed or disbursed by him for primary or election expenses, the date of each receipt, contribution and disbursement, the name of the person from whom received or to whom paid, and the specific object or purpose for which the :,aee ws disbursed. Such account shall also set forth the unpaid debts and liabilities of any such candidate )r committee for primary or election expenses, with the nature and amount of each, and to whom owing. In the case of the treasurer of a political committee, the account shall include any unexpended balance of contributions or other receipts appearing from the last previous account filed by him, and shall also include a:on,lete listing of all receipts and disbursements made by such Committee for any. purpose, including all receipts and disbursements from the publication and sale of all publications, and from the time of the last account or from the time of the formation of the political committee it no prior account has been fled. In the case of candidates for election who have previously filed accounts of their primary expenses as candidates for nomination, the accounts shall only include receipts, contributions and disbursements subsequent to the date of such prior accounts. As amended 1963, July 17, P.L. 266. CRS-196 Pennsylvania (continued)

-shall only include receipts, contributions and disbursements subsequent to the date of such prior accounts. As amended 1963, July 17, P.L. 266, 1 1.

2. Expenditure Limitation

None

3. Regulations on Contributions

(a). Contributions in own name. of pet- 3224. Contributions by agent; vouchers; payment ty expenses any contribution (a) It shall be unlawful for any person to make designated or given to for primary or election expenses with funds or corporation. Each him for the purpose by any other person, firm or election expenses shall person making a contribution for primary do so only in his own name.

(b) Corporation or unincorporated association

to 3225. Contributions for election expenses to be made -candidates or treasurers; contributions by cor- associations pro- - porations and unincorporated hibited treasurer of a political No person who is not a candidate or no (a) give or lend any committee shall pay, give or lend or agree to pay, for. any any other valuable thing to, or incur any liability :money or of any person or primary or election expenses whatever in behalf having a treas e:. persons, except a candidate or a political committee or agent (b) No corporation or unincorporated association or officer under the laws of this or thereof, whether incorporated or organized primarim' .any other state or any foreign country, except those formed shall pay, give or ten, for political purposes or a political committee, or through or authorize to be paid, given or lent. either directly a.y gift or Uan other.person, or in reimbursement of any such payment, to by any other person, any money or other valuable thing belonging its custody or such corporation or unincorporated association or in of any control, to any candidate or political committee for the payment primary or election expenses or for any political purpose whatever. 831, 1. 1937, June 3, P.L. 1333, art. XVI, 1603; 1943, June 3, P.L.

.4' CRS-197 Pennsylvania (continued)

1. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated

3226. Lawful primary and election expenses No candidate or treasurer of ary political committee shall pay, give cr lknd or agree to pay, give'I or lend, directly or indirectly, any money ;r other valuable thing or incur any liability on account of, or in re- ect to, any primary or election expenses whatever, except for the fallowing purposes: First. For printing and traveling expenses, and personal expenses nident thereto, stationery, advertising, postage, expressage, freight, telegraph, telephone and public messenger service. Second. For the rental of radio 2 facilities, and amplified systems. Third. For political meetings, demonstrations and conventions, and for the pay and transportation of speakers. Fourth. For the rent, maintenance and furnishing of offices. Fifth. For the payment of clerks. typewriters, stenographers, janitors and messengers actually employed. Sixth. For the transportation of electors to and from the polls. Seventh. For the employment of watchers at primaries and elec- tons to the number and in the amount permitted by this act.

Eighth. For expenses, legal counsel, incurred in good faith in connection with any primary or elections. Ninth. For contributions to other political committees. 1937, June 3, P.L. 1333, art. XVI. 1606; 1943, June 3, P.L. 851, 1.

C. Political Campaign Material

3546. Anonymous publication; libel Any person who writes, prints, posts or distributes, or causes to be written, printed, posted or distributed, a circular or poster, cartoon

or other written or printed paper which is designed or tends to injure or defeat any candidate for nomination or election to public office, by reflecting on his personal character or political actions, unless the same shall be published in a newspaper avowedly responsible therefor, or unless there appears on such circular, poster, cartoon or paper, in a conspicuous place, either the names of the chairman and secretary, or at least the names of at least two officers of the political or other organization issuing the same, or the name of some duly registered elector with description of his election district, as responsible therefor, shall be sentenced to pay a fine not exceeding five hundred ($500) dollars, or to undergo an imprisonment of not more than six (6) months, or both, in the discretion of the court, and if the statements are untrue, the person so offending shall also be guilty of libel and subject to criminal prosecution and civil action therefor. 1937, June 3, P.L. 1333, art. XVIII, 4 1846.

d CRS-198

Pennsylvania (continued)

D. Penalties Generally

ARTICLE XVIII-PENALTIES 3501. Disub-ying lawful instructions. 3502. Perjury. 3503. Refusal to permit inspection of papers; destruction or removal; Secretary of the Commonwealth. 3504. Refusal to permit inspection of papers; destruction or removal; county boards of elections. 3505. Insertion and alteration of entries in documents; removal; refusal to deliver. 3506. Refusal to permit overseers, watchers, attorneys or candidates to act. 3507. Driving away watchers, attorneys, candidates or overseers. 3506. Refusal to permit election officers, clerks and machine inspectors to act; driving away said persons. 3509. Refusal to administer oath; acting without being sworn. 3510. Violation of oath of office by election officers. 3511. Peace officers; failure to render assistance; hindering or delaying county board members and others. 3512. Nomination petitions and papers; offenses by signers. 3513. False signatures and statements in nomination petitions and papers. 3514. Nomination petitions; certificates and papers; destruction; fraudulent filing; suppression. 3515. Offenses by printers of ballots. 3516. Unlawful possession of ballots; counterfeiting ballots. 3517. Forging and destroying ballots. 3518. Tampering with voting machines. 3519. Destroying, defacing or removing notices, et cetera. 3520. Police officers at polling places. 3521. Peace officer; failure to quell disturbances at polls; hindering or delaying election officers and others. 352?. Constables; failure to perform duties. 3523. Election officers permitting unregistered electors to vote; challenges; refusing to permit qualified electors to vote. 3524. Election officers refusing to permit elector to vote in proper party at primaries. 3525. Frauds by election officers. 526. Prying into ballots. 3527. Interference with primaries and elections; frauds; conspiracy. 3528. Persons interfering in other districts. 3529. Assault and battery at polls. 3530. Unlawful assistance in voting. 3531. Election officers permitting unlawful assistance. 3532. Failure to keep and return record of assisted voters. 3533. Unlawful voting. 3534. Elector voting ballot of wrong party at primary. 3535. Repeat voting at elections. 3536. Removing ballots. 3537. Commissioners to take soldiers' votes. 3538. Fraudulent voting by soldiers. 3539. Bribery at elections. 3540. Receipts and disbursements of primary and election expenses by persons other than candidates and treasurers. 3541. Receipts and disbursements of primary and election expenses by unauthorized persons. 3542. Contributions and disbursments made in unauthorized manner. 3543. Contributions by corporations. 3544. Unlawful primary and election expenses. CRS-199

Pennsylvania (continued)

3545. Failure to file expense account. 3346. Anonymous publication; libel.

3547. Prohibiting duress and intimidation of voters and interference with the free exercise of the elective franchise. 3548. Failure to perform duty. 3549. Hindering or delaying performance of duty. 3550. Violation of any provision of act. 3551. Candidate violating act disqualified from holding office. 3552. Persons convicted of violating act to be disfranchised for four years. 3553. Violations of provisions relating to absentee electors' ballots.

ARTICLE XVI--PRIMARY AND ELECTION EXPENSES 3221. Definitions. 3222. Political committees; treasurer. 3223. Authorization of political committees to act for candidates for nomination and election. 3224. Contributions by agent; vouchers; payment of petty expenses. 3225. Contributions for election expenses to be made to candidates or treasurers; contributions by corporations and incorporated associations prohibited. 3226. Lawful primary and election expenses. 3227. Expense accounts to be filed. 3228. Place of filing expense accounts. 3229. Oath of office ; taking office ; receiving salary. 3230. Inspection and preservation of accounts and affidavits. 3231. Audit-of expense accounts. 3232. Quo warrant proceedings. 3233. Secretary of the Commonwealth to supply forms of expense account. CRS-200

RHODE ISLAND

R.I. Gen. Laws (1956) and 1972 Supplement.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Reqiseration certificate i 17-9-12: Prohibits making knowingly any false in registering one's name.

False Swearing required " 17-9-21: Prohibits the making of a false affidavit under this chapter, Votinv knowing one 17-23-4: Prohibits voting or attempting to vote mare is not a qualified voter, voting in the name of another, voting in which one resides, than one district, or voting in a district other than in vote. or aiding and abetting one to so vote or attempt to

B. Campaign Financing

None

C. Political Campaign Material

17-23-1. Signature and labeling of advertising in periodicals.- No person shall publish or cause to be .published in any newspaper any or other periodical, either in its advertising or reading columns, candi- paid matter designed or tending to aid, injure, or defeat, any unless date for public of5ce or any.question submitted to the voters, the name of the chairman or secretary or the names of two (2) or officers of the political or other organization inserting the same, his resi- the name of some voter who is responsible therefor, with therein in dence and the street and number thereof, if any, appear columns the nature of a signature. Such matter inserted in reading in shall be preceded by or followed by the word "advertisement" of a separate line, in type not smaller than that of the body type the newspaper or other periodical.

I------.------1-1- 1. P 8 -N I- P--- I - - -,Igltllqlm CRS-201

Rhode Island (continued)

17-23-2. Signature of posters and circulars.-No person shall intentionally write, print, post or distribute, or cause to be written, printed, posted or distributed, a circular or poster designed or tending to injure or defeat any candidate for nomination or election to any public office, by criticizing his personal character or political action, or designed or tending to aid, injure or defeat any question submitted to the voters, unless there appears upon such circular or .poster in a conspicuous place either the names of the chairmen and secretary, or of two (2) officers of the political or other organization issuing the same, or of some voter who is responsible therefor, with his name and residence, and the street and numbers thereof, if any.

D. Offenses Generally

CEAPTER 23 _ __..."t --- r-+.- ELECTION OFFENSES

SECTION. SECTION. 8. Failure to furnish certificate 17-23- 1. Signature and labeling of ad- 17-23- in periodicals. of election. vertising as to nomination 2. Signature of posters and cir- 17-23- 9. Violations 17-23- -papers or withdrawals - culrs. Protection of party em- 17-23- 3. Penalty for advertising violations. blems. Violations 1f-pub isocers 4. Fraudulent or repeat voting. 17-23-10. 17-23- generally. 17-23- 5. Bribery or intimidation of voters. 17-23-14. Limitation of prosecutions- by employ- ' Payment to complainant. 17-23- 6. Improper influence ob- ers. 17.23-12. Qualification of person taining signatures. 17-23- 7. Protection of -ismes of major p rties. CRS-202

SOUTH CAROLINA

Unless otherwise designated, references are to S.C. Code 1962 and to the 1971 Supplement thereto.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Registration, False Swearing, Voting of an 23-650: Prohibits false swearing in the making

application for registration.

23-664: Swearing falsely at elections. Prohibits false 23-651: Fraudulent registration or voting. counselling or registration, fraudulent voting or attempting to vote, advising another to do so. an election held 23-660: Prohibits voting more than once at

within the State.

23-661: Prohibits impersonating a voter.

23-265. Candidate's pledge.-Every candidate in an election, general, special or primary, shall make the following pledge and file it with the clerk of court of common pleas for the county in which he is a candidate, unless he should be a candidate in more than one county in which he shall file it with the State Election Commission, before he shall enter upon his campaign, to wit: "I, the undersigned ...... , of the county of . :...... , and State of South Carolina, candidate for the office of ...... , hereby pledge that I will not give money or use intoxicating liquors for the purpose of obtaining or influencing votes and that I shall, at the conclusion of the campaign and before the election, render to the clerk of court (or State Election Com- mission, as the case may be), under oath, an itemized statement of all moneys spent or provided by me during the campaign for campaign purposes up to that time; and I further pledge that I will immediately after the election render an itemized statement, under oath, showing all further moneys spent or provided by me in said election." A failure to comply with this provision shall render such election null and void, insofar as concerns the candidate who fails to file the statements herein required. but shall not affect the validity of the election of any candidate complying with this section. Such itemized statements and CRS-203 South Carolina (continued)

pledge shall be open to public inspection at all times. Any violation of the provisions of the pledge required in this section shall be a misdemeanor, and any person, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than one hundred dollars nor more than five hundred dollars or be imprisoned at hard labor for not less than one month nor more than six months, or be punished by both such fine and such imprisonment, in the discretion of the court. Provided, that the pledge required by this section shall be filed by each candidate for the office of State Senator with the clerk of court of the county in which he resides. (1952 Code 23-265; 1950 (46) 2059; 1952 (47) 1712; 1966 (54) 2093; 1971 (57) 85.)

2. Expenditure Limitation

None

3. Regulations on Contributions

None

*4. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated

None

C. Political Campaign Material

None

D. Offenses Generally

CHAPTER 11. OFFENSES AGAINST THE ELECTION LAWS.' Sec. Sec. 23-650. False swearing in applying for 23-658.1. Distributing campaign literature registration. near voting places in Green- 23-651. Fraudulent registration or voting. wood County. 23-652. Improperly furnishing registra- 23-659. Allowing ballot to be seen, im- tion certificate. proper assistance, etc. 23-653. Receiving illegal registration cer- 23-660. Voting more than once at elec- tificate. tions. 23-654. Bribery at elections. 23-661. Impersonating a voter unlawful. 23-655. Offering to procure votes by brib- 23-662. Arrests in such cases. ery. 23-663. Posting copies of 23-661 to 23- 23-656. Procuring or offering to procure 663. votes by threats. 23-664. Swearing falsely at elections. 23-665. Wilful neglect or 23-657. Threatening or abusing voters, corrupt conduct etc. of managers, etc, 23-666. Wilful 23-658. Selling neglect of duty or corrupt or giving away liquor conduct of other officers. within one mile of voting pre- 23-667. Illegal conduct at elections gener- cinct. ally.

A CRS-2014

SOUTH DAKOTA

Unless otherwise designated, references are to S.D. Comp. Laws 1967 and to the 1972 Supplement thereto.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Registration, False Statements

South Dakota Code prohibits:

i 12-26-2: Unqualified voter permitting registration. or 12-26-3: False representation to procure registration

acceptance of vote.

V 12-26-4: Voting or offering to vote by unqualified person.

12-26-5: Aiding or advising vote by unqualified person.

12-26-6: Voting or offer to vote in wrong precinct.

12-26-7: False personation of registered voter.

12-26-8: Double voting.

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting 12-25-13. Candidate's statement of campaign expenses-Time and placeof filing-Contents.-Every person who shall be a candidate at any election or primary election for any national or state office shall within thirty days after such election make and file with the secretary of state, and any candidate at any election or primary election for any county or district office shall within thirty days file with the county auditor of the county in which such candidate resides, a detailed statement of all moneys loaned, expended, paid, or promised to be paid by him or by anyone, to the best of his knowledge and belief, on his behalf, in attempting to secure or in any manner in connection with his nomination or election to such office, or in connection with the promotion of the success or defeat of'any. -constitutional amendment, initiated measure, or referred law. Such statement shall show the name of every person, committee, club, or other organization to whom or which money, compensation, or pecuniary reward of any kind has been promised, for any article furnished or services performed on account of or in connection with such election and also the amounts so paid or loaned or promised to be paid. CRS-205

South Dakota (continued)

12-25-17. Political committee to have treasurer and keep accounts-Treasurer's statement of campaign receipts and expenses -Time and place of filing-Contents.-Every political committee shall have a treasurer and shall cause to be kept a detailed account of all money, property, or other thing of value received by it, and of the manner in which the same shall be expended or contracted to be expended, and within thirty days after any election at which such committee shall have expended any money, property, or other thing of value, or contracted to spend, pay, or contribute at any future period in the campaign preceding such election, or in any way in connection with the same, the treasurer of such committee shall file with the secretary of state, if in the interest of a state officer or state proposition, and with the county auditor of the county in case of county officers or county propositions, a statement of all its receipts and expenditures, with the date of such report and the indebtedness created for future expenditure of any such money, property, or other thing, showing in detail from whom such money, property, or other thing of value was received, or from whom any such money, property, or other thing of value had been promised to be paid, for what specific purpose each payment was made or contracted to be made, and the exact nature of the service rendered in consideration thereof. 12-25-19. Statement of campaign expenses required of persons other than committee members.-Any person not a member of a political committee who collects or disburses any funds, property, or other thing of value, or promises to disburse any money, property, or other thing of value exceeding five dollars in the aggregate for the purpose of promoting the nomination, election, or defeat of any candidate or the adoption or defeat of any state or county proposition shall file and verify a statement of the same kind as is required to be filed by treasurers of committees.

2. Expenditure Limitations

12-25-7. Maximum campaign expenditures by candidate-Print- ing and circulation expense excluded.-No sum of money shall be paid and no expense shall be authorized or incurred by or on behalf of any candidate for any public office or position in the state, except such as may be paid or incurred in connection with the printing or circulation of written or printed matter, in excess of fifty per cent of one year's salary or compensation of the office for which such candidate is an aspirant. CRS-206

South Dakota (continued)

3. Regulations on Contributions

12-25-2. Campaign contributions by corporations prohibited.- No corporation for profit, either domestic or foreign. nor any officer, agent, or representative thereof, shall pay, give, or lend, or authorize to be paid, given, or lent, any money or other valuable thing belonging to such corporation to any political committee, or to any other person for the payment of any election expenses in furtherance of or to defeat the nomination or election of any person to any public office, or in furtherance of or to defeat any constitutional amendment, initiated measure, referred law, or other question submitted to the electors of the whole state or any political division thereof, except as provided in this chapter.

4. Lawful Expenditures

12-25-12. Volunteer work not prohibited-Types of expenses permitted-Inclusion in statements.-This chapter shall not be deemed to prohibit voluntary work for or on behalf of any candidate for public office, nor shall it prevent the necessary expenditure of money for radio, telephoning, public meetings, printing, postage, telegraphing, office rooms for actual bona fide use by political committees, with fuel and light therefor, music, stationery, travel, clerical assistance in committee work, flags, transparencies, compensation and expense of public speakers; but all expenses for any such purposes, either by committees or by candidates, shall be set forth in the respective statements herein provided for. Source: SL 1913, ch 203, 14; RC 1919, 7381; SDC 1939, 16.2006.

C. Political Campaign Material

12-25-4. Author and publisher to be shown on campaign literature.-It shall be unlawful to write, print, or circulate through the mails or otherwise, any letter, circular, bill, placard, or poster relating to any election or to any candidate at any election, unless the same shall bear on its face the name and address of the author, and of the printer and publisher thereof ; and any person writing, printing, publishing, circulating, posting, or causing to be written, printed, circulated, posted, or published any such letter, bill, plac- . ard, circular, or poster as aforesaid, which fails to bear on its face the name and address of the author and of the printer or publisher, shall be guilty of an illegal practice, and shall, on conviction thereof, be punished by a fine of not less than ten dollars nor more than one thousand dollars.

1, CRS-207

South Dakota (continued)

12-25-5. Newspapers and periodicals to label campaign advertising-Additional information shown.-It shall be unlawful for any publisher of a newspaper, periodical, or magazine, to publish or insert within the advertising columns of such newspaper, magazine, or periodical or elsewhere therein, any matter paid or to be paid for which is intended or tends to influence directly or indirectly any voting at any primary or general election, unless at the head of said matter is printed in nonpareil capital letters or larger type the words "paid advertisement," and unless there is also a statement at the head of said matter showing the name and address of the candidate in whose behalf the matter is inserted and of any other person, if any, authorizing the publication of the matter published or inserted, and the name of the author thereof.

D. Offenses Generally

CHAPTER 12-25 CAMPAIGN CONTRIBUTIONS AND EXPENDITURES Section .12-25-1. Definition of terms. 12-25-2. Campaign contributions by corporations prohibited. 12-25-3. Solicitation and acceptance of corporate campaign contributions prohibited. 12-25-4. Author and publisher to be shown on campaign literature. 12-25-5. Newspapers and periodicals to label compaign advertising-Addi- tional information shown. 12-25-6. Candidates not to spend money on submitted-question campaign. 12-25-7. Maximum campaign expenditures by candidate-Printing and circulation expense excluded. 12-25-8. Payment for electioneering at polls prohibited. 12-25-9. Payment for influencing voters to vote or remain away from polls prohibited. 12-25-10. Payment for services on election day to influence vote prohibited. 12-25-11. Payments and expenses for political organizations contrary to chapter prohibited. 12-25-12. Volunteer work not prohibited-Types of expenses permitted-In- clusion in statements. 12-26-13. Candidate's statement of campaign expenses-Time and place of filing-Contents. 12-25-14. Verification of candidate's statement of expenses-Form. 12-25-15. Political committee not to receive or disburse money until treasurer chosen. 12-25-16. Political committee members to report receipts and disbursements to treasurer. 12-25-17. Political committee to have treasurer and keep acounts-Treasur- er's statement of campaign receipts and expenses-Time and place of filing-Contents. 12-25-18. Verification of committee treasurer's statement-Form. 12-25-19. Statement of campaign expenses required of persons other than committee members. 12-25-20. Verification of statement by person other than candidate or treasurer-Form. 12-25-21. Endorsement and preservation of statements of campaign expenses. 12-25-22. False statement as to campaign expenses as perjury. 12-25-23. Penalty for violation of chapter. 12-25-24. Investigations and prosecution by attorney general. 12-25-25. Self incrimination not ground for refusing testimony on violations -Immunity from prosecution of person giving testimony. 12-25-26. Forfeiture of office for violation of chapter.

------CRS-208

South Dakota (continued)

CHAPTER 12-26 OFFENSES AGAINST THE ELECTIVE FRANCHISE Section 12-26-1. Elections to which chapter applies. 12-26-2. Unqualified voter permitting registration-Penalty. 12-26-3. False representation to procure registration or acceptance of vote as misdemeanor-Failure to deny false statement as misrepresentation. 12-26-4. Voting or offer to vote by .unqualified person as misdemeanor. 12-26-5. Aiding or advising vote by unqualified person as misdemeanor. 12-26-6. Voting or offer to vote in wrong precinct as misdemeanor. 12-26-7. False personation of registered voter-Penalty. 12-26-8. Double voting-Penalty. 12-26-9. Good faith defense to prosecution for illegal voting. 12-26-10. Threats or intimidation to prevent public assembly of electors as misdemeanor-Hindering attendance at meeting. 12-26-11. Disturbance of public meeting of electors as misdemeanor. 12-26-12. Persecution, threats or intimidation to influence vote as misdemeanor-Obstruction of elector on way to polls. 12-26-13. Unlawful influence of employees' political activities or voting as misdemeanor-Forfeiture of corporate charter. 12-26-14. Use of public relief, loans or grants to influence political activity or vote-Penalty. 12-26-15. Bribery of voter unlawful-Acts constituting bribery. 12-26-16. Acceptance of bribe by voter unlawful-Acts constituting acceptance of bribe. 12-26-17. Bribery or acceptance of bribe as misdemeanor-Forfeiture of office and franchise-Notice of conviction to county auditors. 12-26-18. Betting on election as misdemeanor. 12-26-19. Betting with intent to procure challenge as misdemeanor. 12-26-20. Betting by candidate as misdemeanor. 12-26-21. Disobedience of election judge as misdemeanor. 12-26-22. Disturbance of election proceedings as misdemeanor. 12-26-23. Tampering with ballots, ballot box or poll list as felony. 12-26-21. Exclusion by election judge of lawfully tendered vote as misdemeanor-lReceiv ing vote by unqualified person. 12-26-25. False canvass o - return by election official as misdemeanor-De- facement or concealment of statement or certificate. 12-26-26. Mutilation, destruction or prevention of delivery of election returns and Fertificatcs-Penalty. 12-26-27. Bribery of election official as misdemeanor. 12-26-28, Offenses relating to election on submitted question. 12.26-29. Prevention of unlawful election not prohibited. 12-26-30. Irregularities in proceedings not a defense. 12-26-31. Offender as witness against another-Compelling self incriminating testimony-Immunity from prosecution. CRS-209

TENNESSEE

Unless otherwise designated, references are to the Tenn. Code

Ann. 1971 Replacement and to the 1972 Supplement thereto.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

2-1907: Illegal registration or attempting or voting.

2-1905: Perjury for false swearing.

2-1917: Aiding or assisting an unqualified voter to vote.

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting

2-1001. Candidates to file statements of expenditures.--Every candidate in a caucus, convention, primary or general election for any state, city or district office shall, not more than thirty (30) days after such caucus, convention, primary or general election, file a written statement setting forth in detail: (a) All sums of money and all other things of value contributed, disbursed, spent or promised by him and, to the best of his knowledge and belief, by any person or organization in support of his nomination or election, and (b) All sums of money and all other things of value contributed, disbursed, spent or promised by him in support of or in connection with the nomination or election of any other person at such caucus, convention, primary or general election. The statement required by the preceding sentence shall show in detail the persons to whom, and the purposes for which, all such sums - of money or other things of value were contributed, disbursed, spent or promised. [Acts 1972 (Adj. S.), ch. 740, 1.] Section to Section Reference. This section is referred to in 2-1002, 2-1003.

2-1002. Campaign manager to make statement.-Every campaign committee or individual which has charge of the candidacy of any person or group of persons and every campaign committee or individual which has charge of a campaign for the adoption or rejection of any question submitted to the people shall not later than thirty (30) days after the caucus, convention, primary, or election file a written statement setting forth the same facts with respect to the campaign committee or individual as a candidate is required to report under 2-1001. If the whole contents of the statement are identical to the contents or a part of the contents of the candidate's statement under s 2-1001, a copy of the candidate's statement can be used to comply with this section in so far as the candidate's statement is identical. [Acts 1972 (Adj. S.), ch. 740, 1.] CRS-210

Tennessee (continued)

2. Expenditure Limitation

None

3. Regulations on Contributions

2-1932. Corporate funds-Improper use in election.-It shall be unlawful for the executive officers or other representatives of any corpora-

tion doing business within this state, to use any of the funds, moneys, or credits of the corporation for the purpose of aiding either in the election or defeat in any primary or final election, of any candidate for office, national, state, county, or municipal, or for the purpose of aiding in the success or defeat of any proposition submitted to a vote of the people, or in any way contributing to the campaign fund of any political party, for any purpose whatever. [Acts 1972 (Adj. S.), ch. 740, 1.] Section to Section Reference. This section is referred to in 2-1933.

2-1933. Penalty for improper use of corporate funds.-Every executive officer, agent, or other representative of any corporation, doing business within this state, who shall knowingly consent to, approve, or aid in the use of the funds of a corporation, for any of the purposes mentioned in 2-1932 shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be fined not less than five hundred dollars ($500) nor more than two thousand dollars ($2,000), and shall be imprisoned in the county jail or workhouse not less than two (2) nor more than six (6) months. [Acts 1972 (Adj. S.), ch. 740, 1.]

4. Lawful Expenditures

2-1921. Candidate bargaining for support.-It shall be unlawful for any candidate for nomination or election in any state, county, city or district office, to expend, pay, promise, or loan or become pecuniarily liable in any way for money or other thing of value, either directly or indirectly, or to agree to enter into any contract with any person to vote for or support any particular policy or measure, in consideration of the vote or support, moral or financial, of such person. [Acts 1972 (Adj. S.), ch. 740, 1.1 Section to Section Reference. This section is referred to in 2-1923, 2-1924. 2-1922. Demanding candidate make promise.-It shall be unlawful for any person to demand that any candidate for nomination or office shall promise or agree in advance to support any particular individual, policy or measure, in consideration of the vote or support, financial or moral, of such person, in any election, primary or nominating convention. [Acts 1972 (Adj. S.), ch. 740, 1.]

WIN" CRS-211 Tennessee (continued)

2-1924. What expenditures not illegal within 2-1921, 2-1922.-.. Nothing in 2-1921 or 2-1922 shall render illegal any expenditures made by any candidate, or by others, for or on his behalf, to employ clerks or stenographers in his campaign, for the printing and advertising therein, or the'seeking of suitable halls for public speaking or meetings, or suitable headquarters, stationery and stamps, or the actual traveling expenses of such candidate or his supporters. [Acts 1972 (Adj. S.), ch. 740, 1.]

C. Political Campaign Material

2-1920. Political circulars or advertisements to be signed.-All written or printed circulars, advertisements or other statements with reference to any person who is a candidate for any public office in this state shall be signed by the writer thereof, or, if the same purport to be issued by any committee, organization or other similar associations, the same shall be signed with the names of the principal officers of such association. Any person or persons violating this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. [Acts 1972 (Adj. S.), ch. 740, 1.]

D., Offenses Generally

CHAPTER 19-PROHIBITED PRACTICES

SECTION. SECTION. 2-1901. Breaking up of nominating 2-1904. Misconduct in performance of meeting or election. duties for purposes of mis- 2-1902. Commission of prohibited act or leading another. omission of duty. 2-1905. Perjury to swear or affirm false- 2-1903. Prevention of any person's per- ly. formance of duties. 2-1917. Procuring illegal vote. SECTION. 2-1918. Tampering with or mutilation 2-1906. Procurement or inducement of of voting machine - Pen- another to violate 2-1904 or alty. 2-1905. 2-1919. Violation of 2-711 while 2-1907. Illegal registration or voting - boundary signs are posted. Voting in primary election of 2-1920. Political circulars or advertise- more than one party on the ments to be signed. same day. 2-1921. Candidate bargaining for sup- 2-1908. Unlawful possession of official - port. registration or election sup- 2-1922. Demanding candidate make plies. promise. 2-1909. False entries on official regis- 2-1923. Penalty for violation of 2- tration or election documents. 1921, 2-1922. 2-1910. Abuse of voter assistance. 2-1924. What expenditures not illegal 2-1911. Unlawful examination, removal, within 2-1921, 2-1922. rejection, or destruction of 2-1925. Bribing of election officials. marked ballots. . 2-1926. Bribing voters. 2-1912. Election officials - Violations 2-1927. Voter accepting bribe. - Penalty - Action of debt. 21928. Penalty for violation of 2- 2-1913. Willful or fraudulent violations.1925-2-1927. by officials. 2-1914. Illegal act by official causing loss of ballots or invalidating election. 2-1915. Violence and intimidation to prevent voting. 2-1916. Misrepresentations as to campaign literature or sample ballots. CRS-212 Tennessee (continued)

SECTION. 2-19291 Betting on election - Penalty. 2-1930.. Candidate betting with voter in' 211 election. 2-1931. Betting with voter to procure a challenge or to prevent him from voting. 2-1932. Corporate funds - Improper use in election. 2-1933. Penalty for improper use of cor- r - porate funds. 2-1934. Coercing or directing employees to vote for measure, party, or person - Penalty. 2-1935. Exhibiting placards or otherwise threatening that work will cease or be lessened as a result of election. 2.1936. Offenses by public officers and employees - Definitions. 2-1937. Use of official position to interfere with an election or nomination for office prohibited. 2-1938. Soliciting contributions for political purposes unlawful. 2-1939. Promises of benefits for political activity unlawful. 2.1940. Deprivation, attempts to deprive or threats to deprive persons 1, of benefits unlawful. 2-1941. Use of state-owned property for campaign advertising or activities unlawful - Exception. 2-1042. Political activity interfering with state business unlawful - Exception. 2-1943. Violation of 2-1936-2-1942. b 2.1944. Grand jury witness immunity.

2-1945. Offenders are competent wit- fs 3, nesses - Exemption from prosecution. 2-1946. Defects or irregularities in con- i ventions or elections - No defense. 2-1947. Employment of clerical force - f , . Campaigning - Transporta- .. u tion of voters to polls. 0' .. ' 2-1948. Penalty against corporation and officers. 2-1949. Disposition of fines.

CHAPTER 10--CAMPAIGN FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE 6:71: SECTION. 2, t'1, Candidates to file statements of 2-1002. Campaign manager to make expenditures, statement.

* ;+ Fm1f o nh. 2-1006. ;tmt:ents p nto public in- :.4)4.. Oicorj with whern at a'o ein -e filed. 2-1 i7. a for state-ents - Ce. 2.'.'I .: F'ii 4. cd stn arnt to erve as nation of filing. * * i t l4iLirorm predo-.

I CRS-213

Texas

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Tex. Election

Code, (Vernon's 1967) and to the 1972-1973 Supplement thereto.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Registration, False Statements

5.22x: Provides penalty for forged or fictitious-application for registration or anyone aiding in such act.

5.13a: Provides that registration application shall contain the following words: "I understand the giving of false information to procure the registration of a voter is a felony."

Voting - Vernon's Penal Code of Texas

Sec. 232. Illegal voting.

Sec. 233. Instigating illegal vote.

Sec. 234. False Swearing by voter.

Sec. 235. Procuring voter to swear falsely.

Sec. 236. Illegal voting at primary.

Sec. 237. Procuring an illegal vote.

Sec. 239. Falsely personating another

Sec. 240. Voting at both primary elections

Sec. 241. Voting more than once.

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting

Art. 14.08 Records and sworn statement (a) Each candidate is hereby required to keep an accurate record of all gifts or loans of money or other valuable things received i

CRS-214

Texas (continued)

by him, his campaign manager, or assistant campaign managers, and of all gifts, loans, and payments made, and of all debts incurred by him, his campaign manager or assistant campaign managers on account of his candidacy, which record shall contain all information hereinafter required to be reported by such candidate. (b) Each candidate whose name appears on the ballot at a first primary election or a special election and each opposed candidate Amended whose name and whose opponent's name appear on the ballot at a general election shall file a sworn statement, not less than seven (7) nor more than ten (10) days prior to the day of each such election, of all gifts and loans previously received and of all gifts, loans and payments made and all debts incurred and obligations incurred or contracted for future use in behalf of such person's candidacy for office. The statement must include all such gifts, loans, payments, debts and obligations made or incurred, whether before or after the announced or filed candidacy of such person. Not more than ten (10) days after the election the candidate shall also file a supplemental sworn statement of all gifts and loans received prior to the election and of all gifts, loans and payments made and debts and obligations incurred prior to the election not specifically included in the sworn statement filed prior to the election. (c) Each candidate whose name appears on the ballot at a second primary election shall file a similar sworn statement not less than seven (7) nor more than ten (10) days prior to the day of the election and a similar supplemental sworn statement not more than ten (10) days after the day of the election. (d) Any such statement filed by a candidate in a second primary election must include all items not reported in the statement filed for the first primary election. Any such statement filed by a candidate in a special or general election must include all items not reported in statements filed in primary elections preceding such special or general election. However, each statement filed must include a statement of the total amount of all previous gifts and loans received and all gifts, loans, and payments made and debts incurred in connection with the candidacy of the candidate filing such statement. (e) Each such sworn statement shall include the names and addresses of all persons from whom money or any other thing of value has been received or borrowed by such candidate, his campaign manager, or assistant campaign managers, and the date and amount of such gift or loan. Such statement shall also include the dates and amounts of all gifts, loans, and payments made or debts incurred by such candidate, his campaign manager, or assistant campaign managers on account of his candidacy; the names and addresses of all persons to whom any gift, loan, or payment of more than Ten Dollars CRS-215 Texas (continued)

($10) is owed; and ($10) was made or debt of more than Ten Dollars payments, and debts. the purpose of such gifts, loans, affida- Amended . (f) Such statement shall be accompanied by the following vit of the candidate: statement, filed here- swear that the foregoing ".I do solemnly and fully shows all gifts and with, is in all things true and correct, me, my campaign loans of money or other things of value received by not previously reported manager, or my assistant campaign managers making such in a sworn statement heretofore filed, and all persons fully shows all previously unre- gifts and loans; and such statement all debts incurred by me, ported gifts, loans, and payments made and managers or by any my campaign manager, or assistant campaign in behalf of my candida- other person with my knowledge and consent, to) the office of -- _before cy for the nomination for (or election supplied in the blank) the election (nature of the election to be nor indirectly on the date of , and that I have neither directly at receiving, bor- arranged or assented to, encouraged or connived any thing of value other rowing, giving, or lending any money or not, so far as I know, than as shown in said statement, and that I have governing elections in violated any provision of the laws of Texas filed by each letter or in spirit." Such statement and oath shall be of the county, for candidate for a county office with the county clerk for a municipal a district or state office with the Secretary of State, and office with the city secretary or city clerk of the municipality, of the gov- for an office of a political subdivision with the secretary statement shall be con- erning board of the political subdivision. A post-office address sidered filed if sent to the proper officer at his point in this state before by registered or certified mail from any letter. the filing deadline, as shown by the postmark on the statement at the (g) If any candidate fails to file such sworn Amened time provided herein or swears falsely therein, he shall be subject to a fine not less than One Hundred Dollars ($100) upon conviction in nor more than Five Thousand Dollars ($5,000), or be imprisoned than five (5) years, the penitentiary not less than one (1) nor more or be both so fined and imprisoned. statement at the (h) Any candidate failing to file such sworn his right to Amended time provided or swearing falsely therein shall forfeit spe- have his name placed upon the ballot at any subsequent primary, cial, or general election. or in part any (i) Any candidate who fails to report in whole made, or debt in- or loan received or any gift, loan, or payment gift shall curred, as provided in the foregoing paragraphs of this Section gift, loan, $ be liable for double the amount or value of such unreported to each opposifng payment, or debt, or unreported portion thereof,

wow CAS-216

Texas (continued)

candidiai c in any election pirior to which same should have been reported. Each of such opposing candidates shall also recover reasonable attorneys' fees for collecting the above liquidated damage.3. (i) It shall be the duty of any person making one or more contributions or loans aggregating more than One Hundred Dollars ($100) to any candidate for the purpose of furthering his candidacy to ascertain whether the candidate properly reports such contributions or loans, as provided in this Section. If such contribution or loan is not reported, it shall be the duty of the person making such contril+u- tion or loan to report the same under oath to the proper official as provided in this Section. If such contribution or loan is not reported by either the candidate or the person making same, the latter shall be civilly liable to each opponent of the favored candidate for doui e the amount of such unreported contribution or loan; or part; thereof -unreported, and for reasonable attorney's fees for collecting the same. Acts 1951, 52nd Leg., p. 1097, ch. 492, art. 244; as amended Acts 1055, 54th Leg., p. 503, ch. 145, 1; Acts 1963, 58th Leg., p. 1017, ch. '424, 107.

1972-1973 Supp:

Art. 14.08 Records and Sworn Statement . i . . . * # . . . . (b) Each opposed candidate whose name and whose opponent's name are printed on the ballot at a first primary election or at a general or special election shall file a sworn statement, not less than seven nor more than ten days prior to the day of each such election, of all gifts and loans previously received and of all gifts, loans, and payments made and all debts incurred and obligations incurred or contracted for future use in behalf of such person's candidacy for office. The statement must include all such gifts, loans, payments, debts and obligations made .or incurred, whether before or after the announced or filed candidacy of such person. Not more than ten days after the election the candidate shall also file a supplemental sworn statement of all gifts and loans received prior to the election and of all gifts, loans and payments made and debts and obligations incurred prior to the election not specifically included in the sworn statement filed prior to the election. Subsec. (b) amended by Acts 1967, 60th Leg., p. 1925, ch. 723, 65, eff. Aug. 28, 1967. * * * * a * * * * * * (f) Such statement shall be accompanied by the following affidavit of the candidate: "I do solemnly swear that the foregoing statement, filed herewith, is in all things true and correct, and fully shows all gifts and loans of money or other things of value received by me, my campaign manager, or my assistant campaign managers not previously reported in a sworn statement heretofore filed, and all persons making such gifts and loans; and such statement fully shows All previously unreported gifts, loans,

------CRS-217

Texas (continued)

and payments made and all debts inarred nay me, my campaign manager, or assistant campaign managers or by any other person with my knowledge and, consent, in behalf of myr eazhiidacy for the nomination for (or election to) the office of before the election (nature of the election to be supplied in the blank) on the date of and that I have neither directly nor indirectly arranged or assented to, encouraged or connived ar receiving, borrowing, giving, or lending any money or any thing of valse other than as shown in said statement, and that I have not, so far as 1 know, violated any provision of the laws of Texas governing elections in. letter or in spirit." The candidates for the various kinds of offices as defined in Section 237 of this code 1 shall file the statement and oath as follows: for a county office (any office of the federal, state, or county government which is filled by the choice of the voters resid-g- in only one county or less than one county), with the county clerk of the county; for a district office (any office of the federal or :at.e government less than Statewide, ;which is filled by he choice of it e o r residi g in more than one county) or a state office, with the secretary of stae; for a municipal office, with the city secretary or city cerk of the municipality; and for an office of a political subdivision, with the secretary of the governing board of the political subdivision. A statement shall be considered filed if sent to the proper officer at his cst-cffice address by registered or certified mail from any point in this state before the filing deadline, as shown by the postmark on the letter. Subsec. (f) amended by Acts 1969, List Leg., p. 2662, ch. 878, 37, eff. Sept. 1, 1969. 1Article 1401.

(g) If any candidate fails to file sc sworn statement at the time provided herein or swears falsely t herein, be shall be subject upon conviction to a fine not less than one hundred dollars nor more than five thousand dollars, or be imprisoned in the penitentiary not less than one nor more than five years, or be both so fined 2nd imprisoned. Subsec. (g) reenacted by Acts 1967, &th Leg., p. 1926, ch. 723, 66, eff. Aug. 28, 1967. (h) Any candidate failing to file such sworn statement at the time or swearing falsely therein hall he subject to forfeiture, in ac- provided 1 cordance with the procedure stated in Section 245 of this code, of his ' right to have his name placed upon the balkt at any subsequent runoff or general election which would be necessary for nomination or election to the term of office which the candidate is seeking. Subsec. (h) amended by Acts 1967, &th Leg., p. 1925, ch. 723, 65, eff. Aug. 28, 1967.

a * * * * * * * * * . (k) Statements filed under this srtic shall be open to public inspection. They shall be preserved for a period of two years, after which they may be destroyed unless a court of competent jurisdiction has ordered their further preservation. Subsec. (k) added by Acts-1967, 60th Leg., p. 1926, ch. 723, 67, eff. Aug. 28, 1967. 1Article 14.69.

------8 CRS-21

Texas (continued) 2. Expenditure Limitations None

3. Regulations on Contributions

Art. 14.07 Corporations not to contribute (a) Except to the extent permitted in Article 213 of the Penal Code of Texas, 1925,1 no corporation shall give, lend or pay any money or other thing of value, or promise to give, lend, or pay any money or other thing of value, directly or indirectly, to any candidate, campaign manager, assistant campaign manager, or any other person, for the purpose of aiding or defeating the nomination or election of any candidate or of aiding or defeating the approval of any political measure submitted to a vote of the people of this state or any subdivision thereof; provided, however, that nothing in this section or in Article 213 of the Penal Code shall prevent the making of a loan or loans to any candidate for campaign purposes by any corporation which is legally engaged in the business of lending money and which has conducted such business continuously for more than one year prior to the making of such loan, provided the loan is made in due course of business and is not directly or indirectly a contribution. (b) Any corporation making or promising a gift, loan, or payment to any candidate, campaign manager, assistant campaign manager, or other person in violation of Paragraph (a) of this Section [this article] shall be civilly liable for double the amount or value of such loan or gift, promised or made, to each opponent of the candidate favored by such gift, loan, or payment, or to the particular candidate or candidates opposed by such gift, loan, or payment. (c) Every officer or director of any corporation who shall consent to any such unlawful gift, loan, or payment, or such unlawful promise to give, lend, or pay, by the corporation shall be fined not less than One Hundred Dollars ($100) nor more than Five Thousand Dollars ($5,000), or be imprisoned not less than one (1) nor more than five (5) years, or be both so fined and imprisoned. (d) Any candidate, campaign manager, or assistant campaign manager who knowingly receives such unlawful gift, loan, or payment from a corporation shall be fined not less than One Hundred Dol- lars ($100) nor more than Five Thousand Dollars ($5,000), or be

I, ft, "m I swill 11, CRS-219

Texas (continued)

imprisoned not less than one (1) nor more than five (5) years, or be both so fined and imprisoned. (e) If any officer, agent, or employee of any bona fide association, incorporated or unincorporated, organized for and actively engaged for one (1) year prior to such contribution in purely religious, charitable or eleemosynary activities, or local, district or statewide commercial or industrial clubs, or associations, or other civic enter- prises or organizations not in any manner nor to any extent directly or indirectly engaged in furthering the cause of any political party, or aiding in the election or defeat of any candidate for office, or defraying or aiding in defraying the expenses of any political campaign, or political headquarters, or aiding or assisting the success or defeat of any question to be voted upon by the qualified voters of this State or any subdivision thereof, shall use or permit the use of any stock, money, assets or other property contributed to such organizations by any corporations, to further the cause of any political party, or to aid in the election or defeat of any candidate for office, or to pay any part of the expenses of any candidate for office, or part of the expenses of any political campaign, or political headquarters or to aid in the success or defeat of any political question to be voted on by the qualified voters of the State, or any subdivision thereof, such officer, agent or employee, shall be fined not less than One Hundred Dollars ($100) nor more than Five Thousand Dollars ($3,000), or be imprisoned in the penitentiary not less than one (1) nor more than five (5) years, or be both so fined and imprisoned. Acts 1951, 52nd Leg., p. 1097, ch. 492, art. 243; as amended Acts 1963, 58th Leg., p. 1017, ch. 424, 108. 1 Vernon's Ann.P.C., art. 213.

Penal Code of Texas

Art. 213. 263 Corporation contributing Via) No corporation, domestic or foreign, and no officer, director, stockholder, employee or agent, acting in behalf of any corporation, shall directly or indirectly give, pay, expend or contribute or promise to give, pay, expend or contribute any money or thing of value in order to aid or hinder the nomination or election of any person to public office in this State or any district, municipality, or political subdivision thereof, oriin order to influence or affect the vote on any question to be voted upon by the qualified voters of this State or any district, municipality, or political subdivision thereof, provided, however, that: (b) In any election in this State or any district, municipality, or political subdivision thereof, wherein the question to be voted upon directly affects the granting, refusing, existence or value of any CRS-220

Texas (continued)

franchise granted to a corporation which has the right of eminent domain, such corporation may present facts and arguments to the voters bearing upon such question by any lawful means of publicity and pay the expense thereof; provided, however, that all such means of publicity employed shall contain a clear statement that the same are sponsored and paid for by such corporation; and the use of any such means of publicity by such corporation which do not contain such statement shall subject such corporation to the penalties hereinafter provided. Provided that nothing in this subsection shall be construed as permitting any such corporation to directly or indirectly give, pay. expend. or contribute or promise to give, pay, expend, or contribute any money or thing of value in order to aid or hinder the nomination or election of any person to any public office in this State. (c) If any corporation authorized by Section (b) hereof, or if any person, partnership or association makes any expenditure or incurs any obligation directly or indirectly for the purpose of influencing an election of the character described in Section (b) hereof, it shall be the duty of such corporation, person, partnership or association to file with the governing body of the political subdivision in which such election is held and also with the Secretary of State by mail, not more than ten (10) days nor less than five (5) days before the date of such election and also within ten (10) days after the date of such election, itemized, verified accounts correctly showing as of the date of filing, the amounts of money and description and value of all things given, paid, expended and contributed and the names of the recipients thereof and all amounts of money and description and value of all things promised or obligated to be given, paid, expended, and contributed, and the names of the promisees thereof, by such corporation, person, firm or association, in connection with such election; all such accounts to be verified under oath by an officer of such corporation, or by such person or member of the partnership or association as the case may be; provided, however, that no such corporation, person, partnership or association may give, pay, expend, contribute or promise to give, pay, expend, or contribute money and things of value of the total amount exceeding Seven Hundred and Fifty Dollars (S750), or exceeding Twenty-five Dollars ($25) for each one hundred population of the district, municipality or political subdivision according to the last preceding Federal Census in which such election is held. whichever amount is greater; provided further that such amounts expended may not, in fixing rates to be charged by such corporation, be charged as operating cost or capital. Any corporation, person, partnership or association failing to file the accounts as provided herein or filing an account which is false in any material respect, or violating the limitation or expenditures provided herein, shall be subject to the penalties hereinafter provided, but in no event shall any such corporation be authorized to spend more than Ten Thousand Dollars ($10,000) in any one election. s

CRS-221 Texas (continued)

(d) An.: person who violates any provision of this article, or who, as an officer, d;.ector or employee of a corporation, or as a member of a partnership or association, authorizes or does any act ia violation hereof, shall be fined noL less than one hundred dollars nor more than five Lhodsand dollars, or J imprisoned not less than one nor more than five years, or be both so fined and imprisoned. As amended Acts 1963, 58th Leg., p. 1017, ch. 424, 112.

4. Lawful Expenditures

Art. 14.03 Purposes of expenditures man- No candidate, campaign manager, nor assistant campaign make ager shall himself or by any other person, directly or indirectly, or authorize any other person to make any campaign expenditure except for the following purposes only, to wit: a. For the traveling expenses of the candidate, his campaign of a secretary for such manager, or assistant campaign managers, or candidate. name of the b. The payment of fees or charges for placing the candidate upon the primary ballot, and for holding and making returns of the election. clerical c. The hire of clerks and stenographers and the cost of and stenographic work. d. Telegraph and telephone tolls, postage, freight and express charges. e. Printing and stationery. f. Procuring and formulating lists of voters, making canvasses of voters, and employing watchers and supervisors at the polls. g. Office rent. h. Newspaper and other advertising and publicity. i. Advertising and holding political meetings, demonstrations, .and conventions, and payment of speakers and musicians therefor. State and ex- - j. Employing as counsel attorneys licensed in this penses of election contests. man- Any campaign expenditure by any candidate, campaign ager, or assistant campaign manager, except for the above purposes is expressly prohibited and declared to be unlawful. Acts 1951, 52nd Leg., p. 1097, ch. 492, art. 239. CRS-222

Texas (continued)

C. Political Campaign Material

Art. 14.10 Political advertising or journal, (a) Anything published in a newspaper, magazine or anything broad- or any pamphlet, handbill or other printed matter, cast over a radio or television station or displayed on a billboard, in of- favor of or in opposition to any candidate for any public office or fice of a political party, or in favor of or in opposition to the success political of any public officer, or in favor of or in opposition to any submitted to party, or in favor of or in opposition to any proposition a vote of the people, in consideration of the receipt or promise of mon- of this section be ey or other thing of value, shall for the purposes marked considered as political advertising. All advertisements of ballots, advising or suggesting how voters should mark their ballots, shall be included in the meaning of political advertising. pub- (b) No political advertising shall be accepted for printing, lication, or broadcasting unless a copy of the matter to be printed, contracting there- published, or broadcast, signed by the individual for and showing his full address, is deposited with the printer, pub- the lisher or broadcaster accepting the advertising (herein called the "advertising medium"). The advertising medium shall preserve date of the election signed copy for a period of six months after the to which such advertising relates, and shall permit any interested business hours. person to inspect the signed copy at any time during the ad- Such advertising shall be labeled as political advertising in vertisement as printed, published or broadcast. Any advertising me- of dium or any officer or agent thereof who violates any provision this paragraph shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars. or agent thereof (c) Any advertising medium or any officer who willfully demands or receives for any political advertising any sum due for such serv- money or other thing of value in excess of the or any person ice at the regular advertising rates of such medium, other thing who pays or offers to pay for such service any money or of value in excess of the sum due at regular advertising rates, or any or other thing of value person who pays or offers to pay any money for the publication or broadcasting of political advertising except dolas advertising matter, shall be fined not more than one hundred lars. may be compelled (d) Either party to a violation of this section any act re- to testify regarding thereto, but shall not be punished for 52nd garding which he may have been required to testify. Acts 1951, p. Leg., p. 1097, ch. 492, art. 246; as amended Acts 1963, 58th Leg., 1017, ch. 424, 109.

i CRS-223

Texas (continued)

1972 Supp:

Art. 14.10 Political advertising * * * * * * * * * * printing, publica- (b) No political advertising shall be accepted for published. tion, or broadcasting unless a copy of the matter to be printed, by the individual contracting therefor and showing or broadcast, signed ac- address, is deposited with the printer, publisher or broadcaster his full The advertising (herein called the "advertising medium"). cepting the six medium shall preserve the signed copy for a period of advertising and months after the date of the election to which such advertising relates, time shall permit any interested person to inspect the signed copy at any as political ad- during business hours. Such advertising shall he labeled vertising in the advertisement as printed, published, or broadcast. Any published political advertising not otherwise clearly reflecting printed or of or origin shall also have printed on it the name and address its source for the or publisher or of the person or organization paying the printer thereof who advertising. Any advertising medium or any officer or agent violates any provision of this paragraph shall be fined not more than one hundred dollars. ef. Subsec. (b) amended by Acts 1967, 60th Leg., P..1926, ch.. 723, $ 68, Aug. 28, 1967. D. Offenses Generally

Texas Penal Code:

BRIBERY AND UNDUE INFLUENCE Art. 188. Bribery of voter to influence another. 189. Bribery of election officer. 190. Election officer accepting bribe. 191. Bribery of officer of election. 192. Bribery or attempted bribery of voter. 193. Bribery of elector. 194. Elector accepting bribe. 195. Inducing to pay political assessment. ' 196. Corruptly using authority or influence. 197. Demanding contribution.

OFFENSES BEFORE ELECTION Art. 206. Clerk to post names of candidates. 207. Failure to place name of candidate on ballot. 208. Protecting ballots, supplies, and returns. 209. Refusing employ privilege of voting, 210. Certificate of naturalization. 211. Political advertising. 212. Pay for editorial matter. 212a. Political advertising, regulations concerning. 213. Corporation contributing. 214. Using money donated by corporation. . - Ail

Texas (continued) CRS-2

OFFENSES BY OFFICERS OF ELECTION Art. 215. List of qualified voters. 216. Permitting illegal voting. 217. Refusing to permit voter to vote. 218. Influencing voter. 219. Illegal acts of judge of election. 220. Intimidation by election officer. 221. Election officer opening ballot. 222. Election officer divulging vote. 223. Interfering with ballot. 224. Aid in marking ballot. 225. Aid to voter. 226. Presiding officer failing to deliver ballots. 227. Making false canvass; court may open ballot boxes. 228. False certificate by chairman. 229. Giving false certificate of election. 230. Wilfully failing or refusing to discharge duty. 231. "Election" defined. 231a. Election officers. 231b. Failure of election judge to make returns.

ILLEGAL VOTING

Art. 232. Illegal voting. 233. Instigating illegal voting. 234. False swearing by voter. 235. Procuring voter to swear falsely. 236. Illegal voting at primary. 237. Procuring an illegal vote. 238. Absentee voting. 239. Falsely personating another. 240. Voting at both primary elections. 241. Voting more than once. 242. Using dummy ballot. 243. Illegal acts while voting.

OFFENSES AFTER ELECTION

Art. 244. Altering or destroying ballots, etc. 245. Messengers tampering with ballot. 246. Failing to deliver returns. 246a. Immediate delivery of returns. 247. Preventing delivery of returns. 248. Failure to keep ballot box. 249. County clerk to keep ballot box. 250. County clerk to destroy ballots. 251. Not applicable in cases of contest. 252. Candidate failing to file statement. CBS-225

Texas (continued)

RIOTS AND UNLAWFUL ASSEMBLIES AND MISCONDUCT AT ELECTIONS Art. 253. Riot at election. 254. Unlawful assembly to prevent election. 255. Disturbance at election. 256. Intimidation of electors. 257. Carrying arms about election. 258. Person in service of United States interfering with voter. 259. Electioneering'-rrear polls. 260. Defacing election booth, etc. 261. Illegal arrest of voter.

LIMITING CAMPAIGN EXPENDITURES Art. 14.01 Definitions. 14.02 Appointing Manager. 14.03 Purposes of expenditures. 14.04 Campaign Contributions. - 14.05 Civil Remedy. 14.06 Criminal Penalty. 14.07 Corporations not to contribute. - 14.08 Records and Sworn Statement. 14.09 Leave name off ticket. 14.10 Political advertising. 14.11 Repeal of conflicting laws. 14.12 Partial unconstitutionality and repeals. CRS-226 UTAH

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Utah Code Ann.

1953 Replacement and to the 1973 Supplement thereto.

Registration entitled 20-13-5: Prohibits registering, knowing one is not

to register, or aiding and abetting one to do so.

False Statements

20-19-9: Prohibits false statements by new resident applying

to vote in presidential election.

Voting or 20-13-3: Prohibits one not entitled to vote who votes acts. attempts to vote, to vote more than once, or to aid and abet in such

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting

(2) "Candidate" means every person who (ai files a declaration of candidacy for the orces of governor.secreta of state or attorney general of this state. or (b received contributions or made expenditures or has given his consent for any other person to receive contributions or make or expenditure with a view to bringing about his nomination for election. election to snen onice. 7 Sort31 _ mtp'11 c2^:1 j-A4 7 Thr ied financial statemtient rird p2 m e C' o ,! didate for governor secretary of state -:an "- orney ner' and by state and county party committee-Statement filed by communica-. tions media and advertising companies-Regulations, procedures and forms; promulgated by state auditor.-(1) The secretary of the personal cam-. paign committee of every candidate for the office of governor, secretary of! state and attorney general and the secretary of every state and county- party committee shall file with the state auditor a verified financial state. ment on the tenth day of June, July, August, September, October and. December of the year in which the election is held and on the fifth day preceding the date on which an election is held, accurately reflecting all expenditures and contributions and any express or implied contracts to make an expenditure or receive money or anything of value for political purposes. Each statement shall cover all expenditures and contributions 1

CRS-227

Utah (continued)

filed and shall -"'not accounted for and reported in the statements theretofore and shall summarize the contain a summary of the preceding statements act and shall state items previously reported under the provisions of this the amount expended for communications media during the reporting pe- as of five riod. The reports shall contain all expenditures and contributions contain certifi- to date of filing. The December statement shall days prior committee cation by the secretary of the candidate's personal campaign been reported certifying that all contributions and all expenditures have and that there are no bills or obligations outstanding and unpaid except as set fotth in that report. outdoor Radio and television broadcasting,stations, newspapers, (2) com- advertising companies, telephone companies, niagazines, direct mail advertising agencies which panies, advertising production companies and committee of any candidate accept expenditures from the personal campaign general or from a for the office of governor, secretary of state or attorney a separate financial state- party committee shall file with the state auditor ment for each committee, or candidate verified upon such person's or persons' oath or that of its chief executive, on the tenth day of June, July, which the elec- September, October, and December of the year in August, an election tion is held and on the fifth day preceding the date on which expenditures is held, accurately reflecting all of such person's or persons' commissions or dis- and receipts, the amount of any advertising agency a disbursement or counts and any express or implied contract to make render services or furnish goods, materials, advertisements or things of shall value or receive money from any such committee. Each statement upon the cover all expenditures and receipt not accounted for and reported statements theretofore filed, and shall contain a summary of the preceding under the statements, and shall summarize the items theretofore reported five days provisions of this chapter. The reports shall be complete as of have been received prior to date of filing. If no expenditures or receipts during the period a statement need not be filed. regulations and (3) The state auditor shall promulgate appropriate develop procedures and forms to carry out the purposes of this act.

20-14-8. Statements-Contents-Supporting documentation.-Each financial statement shall give in full detail: of (1) Every sum of money .and all property and every other thing state value, received by the candidate's personal campaign committee or or county party committee or person or group of persons from any source liberty to whatsoever which he or it or they use or have used, or are at use, for political purposes, the name and address of every person or source from which each was received, and the date when each was received, and the total amount received from all sources in any amounts or manner what soever. (2) Every listed contribution, promise or pledge of money or property, or other thing of value, received by the candidate's personal campaign committee or state or county party committee or person or group of persons, the the proceeds of which have been or may be used for political purposes, name of the persons by whom each was promised or pledged, the date when each was so promised or pledged, and the total amount promised or pledged from all sources in any amounts whatsoever.

-- pRo I CR5-268 Utah (continued)

ii Every expenditure by the candidates p emriial ii p i n con mittee or state or county party committee or person or zrouip pemons fo)r political nurnoses, the name of ever persar to whm.. h. 4n 4 remt wads inade, the suer itic purpose for wnirh each was mule rhe 'iire when eaih "as made, and the total amount ot expenditures ma de in mnyiamounts or 'manner whatsoever, (4) Ever Contract, exPress or implied, to nake auy expendiur ire 'urred by the candidate's personal campaign 'omii ttee.r pas ty ornmt- tee or person 'r gwmup of p-"Sony fr >oltia pp , Lh name ifth person or persons to or with wbhim 'a h suc ohligaiou w' rn'red, the date when each was incurred, and the total any unt ofolctions made in any amounts or manner whatsoever. (5) Supporting documentation h' photographic or 'arho rior ues of cli checks received or disbursed, affidavits as to al 'a h r ceivud or lit- hursed, and affidavits as to ear'h promise, pledge or contra

2. Expenditure Limitations

2' ''l Linuttionvi on expenoitur"' torCil7Ucnunc tis r e ' ct tddates for governor, ,secret rv or stte or ,rtornev gerer t kn or- meat among candidates of er:>enaitures for conunric-tions xi m Re- strictions on eipenditures by stet or county comr es. -l 'insea ainpaiga conirunee of any candidate fur iihe tftces :n snr x' i make total uishurseinents for comma ur'iann meda on tlm n nemid in an amount in excess of ulO' t) fh" personi amoai o sin 'e f r any candidate for t ie o6 'e ot ,eereta'x or e aiior 'ierat stall not make toial expenditure tom COLA 0m'4io iiedia diemn enpaign period in an amount in exces ot rol 0) e in d i e i s 'arididate oppos i' him in the party con' em a ti mios saad n- creased ten per cent and if the cS ale ha s a 1a e opp s sg o in the primary electlion the disbursement limits shl I be mi <'ased or riO tional 20 per cent. Any expenditure zor communications niedma wh asres ih" 1 ionr likeness of more than one candidate as defined 'aiP'- 'lion 20-14-1 (1)) shal be chargeable in equal propoortions t0 ca 'a and il a Ie pri r written approval of the seere ary of eachi pets nat paigni cmmntee. Any expenditure ror communications media Ceaturiner bem persons rnz ning for political office and the name or Likencs (f r >r idate (as defined in subsection .0-14-1 (e)) shall he charemble ane-)ha to said caciii ate and the expenditure shall have the pr'or written apprnixat of the scretary of the candidate's personal campaign comm ttee. Expenditnres by the state or county 'omumitrees shall be for the purpose of advancing the principles of the party or fo the p zip )Se or' suppsrting the candidacy of the party candidates collectively, provided, that party cumumittees may make contributions 10 a candidate's personal carntpaian 'onimittee, subject to the limitations oK this section.

3, Regulations on Contributions None

h. Lawful Expenditures Enuerated None

' .. -. ~:: .,...,,' ~)nT .. ' ^T .,. k:^y'NF .,....,y x; Yy. y'f...e$> ;: Vt..R .. sr.!NF-rtl-: '.: '. F:tati r .o- -~':'+M. 5' y'^' )r <.. ""'*'i^TM,..,.. ,.. ! ar, ,c. i cRn-229

[tah (continued)

.Political Campaign Material

ProhibitionS as to publishers, newspaper an~d other peniodi- 20-14-24. this cals.-No publisher of a newspaper or otter periodinal circla:ing in state shall insert. either in its advertising or reading coinuns, any paid matter which is designated or tends to aid, inju-e or defeat any candidate, or any political party or organization, or any measzrc before the people, it is stated therein that it is a paid advertiuener and the name less other of the chairman or secretary or other oficers of The p~itical or inserting the same, or the name and add-ess of some voter organizations in the who is responsible therefor, shall appear in such advetsenent nature of a signature. No person shall pay the owner. Adizor. publisher newspaper or other periodical to iueC aim to advocate or agent of any n. and no or oppose editortally any candidate for nomi& ter sec" such owner, editr, p ibiP or a i a 0 a'rv 4 iirtry: L.1917, Ct 9, p 3 C. L isa7, a 32 A . 19.,$ & C. 1913, Zo- 1342.

20-14.25. Statement of ownership of pnblication-No pulse of any or other pernodical published within ts suate shall inert, newspaper of a either in its adi ertising or reading columns. arny mvtte- whatsoever or any poEtical editorial relaive to a ttedidate for any political nature, of the public offce, unless the publisher thereof shall mie in the of ice secretary of state, within three months before the toldinz of any nomi- convention or primary or general clectir n, or withnm ten days after nating a sworn the calling of and before the holding of any special election, statement which shall contain the names of the owners of such paper; and, if such publisher is a corporation, such statement shall be executed by thereof who is in a position to know the facts, some responsible omfccr of and shall contain the names and addresses of the owners of the shares stock and the bonds of such corporation. History: L. 1917, oh. 92, 24; 0. X. Collateral References. 1917; 5 2383; U. 5. 1933 & 0. 1943, 2- Eneetions=>31. 13-2S. 29 C.J.S. Eleeftious 329.

20-14-26. Declaation of interact in publication -Thry candidate. ird etyr member 0: a:y DerUa a pp Lt a 'a.y uba > dto, 'V any nnanCial in his own name or in the nanie of any other pttaon, owns interest in any newspaper or other periodical circulating in this state, before such newsspaper or periodical shall print any matter, otherwise than as is provided in section 20-14-24, which is intended or tends to influence, directly'or indirectly, any voting at any primary or election in this state, shall file in the office of the county clerk of the county in which he resides averified declaration stating definitely the newspaper or periodical in the which or over which he has such financial interest or control, and exact nature and extent of such interest or control. The editor, manager or other person controlling the publication of any such newspaper or prior to periodical who prints or causes to be printed any such matter the filing of such verified declaration is guilty of a misdemeanor. History; L. 1917, &h 92, 25; 0. L. 1917, 2384; U. 8. 1933 & 0. 1943, 25

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Utmao(cantinue md)

20-1427. Pad adoei amnts parittd.-No we,phblise,etor reporter, agent or e p1oyeao a y newspaper ar other periodial shall, directly or indirectly, soicit, receive or accept any pay nt, promise or co pensation, nor sall ant pesn pay or promise to pay or in ay manro opensate $n shwerpnhlshar adtr, reopor, agent o employee, directly or indirecty for inencing or attempting to af ec by menso any printed atter ensc newspaper any vting at ny electon or pri ar thr uh ay means whatseer, eeept hrouh the matter inserted in euh newrpaper or periodical as "paid advertise ent" and so designated as provided byI aw, and .ithe compensate on ao isrting ay such paid ad ertiem nv shall in eo ase exceed the raguLar rate ehar ed b; su i nop p< 9r io ial ur dh service. Histoy: 1 117, ah 9z, 28; 0. . 29 C.JS Ebe tin a -9 117, 23; ,. 3. 1933 & 0. 1943,2- 13-9 C nstttunalty, eonstrue ao, and ap- picatuoeo stater repetg p Collateral Zeferenees. advertis'ng, 16 A. L.R. 8 EbeetiosC=317.

20-14-28. Fa sta Is inralato atI caddales arbddan.-No person shall knawnglymnake rp puLsh, orecuset o e deor published, any fiso statement irelatio to aye adidate proposd aontituional mnent ir othrti are. xh'his'inta cd a nt n o ing at y pri nary c etioneo election.

lection 0ffenses Generally

CHATERB1 ELECTION OFFEN$S Section 20-13-!. Bribery in eleetiona. 204-t2 Receivughbrie. 20-1 -3 rad irferece, diaturb ac Tamperg w'th bat eta or rcrd4 o-13-4. 1enabtiea 20-13-'. Frandlent regitratioa-enalty. 2 -136 Intimudat' U- due i nec. O'i13-7. I1du eng ompioye'snvot. 20-13-8. Ebetion retoris-1orgery. 20-139. Altorig. 20-13-1, Abcttig frgery or alterat'en 20-1311. Eposig b'l P-als statcmntat plb-Induing ot 2-43-1. Destrovng itru'tion ardi sample ba l t or c eo praphernaMi 20-131. Mutilatin ertificate Kfnoiatin-P rging deelnatiae r reial tion-Taperugith balots o '3-4. Deatr ying or cnce Iing bo. 213-1. aibure r neuab to deliver bo orreturno. 20-1'-6. Odceor wat'herr rvealiagv o.

20-13-17. Ebe t ,oneerngdentifybag ballot-Mia ac b t. 20-13-1$., Refua'ng emp1,ecs t'ime to vote. 20-13-19. Own'bua penn tic0-offndera aa wtneaaoa'-Privibege. 20-43-20. Chapter applbable t abl eetioa

.:.y ":. .r rnF'o"..1 eq"lMpa+gM!?'Z!': N' 'i' "-1 :.H.. CM M Y7fe"tl xn..y.Wy..9 4 rnv.-v .> 4 ; ,T:' i'rnY'm^ L ,nYk"m , . "1c rM '.,.;.aki+K "'w-7N!^"1 Y'^N.r ;r'..a a ' P."'" . - . . KAI-- avroTa .;~. CRS-231

Utah (continued)

CHAPTER 14-CORRUPT PRACTICES IN ELECTIONS Section 20-14-1. Definition of terms. 20-14-2. Personal campaign committee required. 20-14-3. Selection of personal campaign committee-Filing by candidate or committee with state auditor-Secretary of committee-Revocation of selection and filling vacancy. 20-14-4. Expenditures other than through personal campaign committee prohibited- Exceptions. 20-14-5. Persons furnishing services or goods-Authoriotion by secretary of personal campaign committee-Rate of charge. 20-14-6. Unlawful expenditures prohibited. 20-14-7. Verified financial statement filed by personal campaign committee of candidate for governor, secretary of state and attorney general and by state and county party committee-Statement filed by communications media and advertising companies-Regulations, procedures and forms promulgated by state auditor. 20-14-8. Statements-Contents-Supporting documentation. 20-14-9. Blanks for statements prepared and furnished by state auditor. 20-14-10. Statements open to public inspection-Preservation-Copies. 20-14.11. Inspection of statements by state auditor-Notice to responsible committee or person of failure to file or noncompliance. 20-14-12. Failure to file statement-Notice to and procedure by county attorney- Examination of books and records by state auditor-Extraordinary writ to enforce actions by state officers. 20-14-13. Failure to file statement-Name not printed on ballot-Filling vacancy. 20-14-14. Failure to file statement-Candidate disqualified to hold office. 20-14-16. Limitations on expenditures for communications media by candidates for governor, secretary of state or attorney general-Apportionment among candidates of expenditures for communications media-Restrictions on expenditures by state or county committees. 20-14-19. Violation of campaign expenditures laws-Penalty-Person responsible. 20-14-24. Prohibitions as to publishers, newspapers and other periodicals. . 20-14-25. 'Statement of ownership of publication. 20-14-26. Declaration of interest in publication. 20-14-27. Paid advertisements permitted. 20-14-28. False statements in relation to candidates forbidden. 20-14-29. False impersonation-Double voting. 20-14-30. Wagering on elections forbidden. 20-14-31. Inducing attendance at polls-Payment of workers. 20-14-32. Furnishing conveyances to polls. 20-14-33. Promr'-es ui appointmenit to office forbidden. 20-14-34. Inducements not to become candidate. 20-14-35. Eleemosynary institutions may not solicit candidates. 20-14-36. Appointees may not serve as delegate or committeeman. 20-14-37. Exchange of convention credentials and support forbidden. 20-14-38. Abetting violation of chapter--Penalty. 20-14-39. Prosecutions-Venue. 20-14-40. Proceedings by private elector. 20-1441. Pleadings-Procedure. 20-1442. Judgment and findings-Appeal. 20-14-43. Special counsel on appeal. 20-1444. Witnesses--Privilege. 20-1445. Supplemental judgment after conviction. 20-1446. Cost of defense of action no part of campaign expense. 20-14-47. Violation of chapter-Penalty-Forfeits right to olee. f

CRS-232

VERMONT

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Vermont Stats.

Ann. and to the 1972 Supplement thereto, Title 17.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Registration, False Statements

2011: Perjury before board making check list.

2012: Procuring change in list wrongfully.

2013: False answer as to right to vote. Voting

2014: Unqualified person voting.

2015: Fraudulent voting.

2016: Aiding unqualified voter to vote.

1971: Casting .more than one ballot.

1973: Voting in more than one place.

B. Campaign Financing

The following sections on campaign financing apply only to candi-

dates for the position of governor, lieutenant governor, attorney general,

secretary of state, auditor of accounts and state treasurer.

1. Reporting

2052. Campaign expenditures and general (a) All campaign expenditures in both the primary elections on behalf of the individual candidate shall be paid by check from a single checking account in a single bank publicly designated by the candidate. (b) An account journal together with a monthly bank statement of the checking account required by subsection (a) of this section shall be forwarded by the candidate or his treasurer between the first and tenth day of each month during the campaign to the secretary of state and there held available for inspection by the public. Such account journal shall include the date, amount of payment, the name of the person or business establishment to whom the CBS-

Vermont (continued

p, me. l r~ (c) E7 er adte sai na ne toes r nho wt!h ess forminta ig th hekn account rn the ccount journal dol d 17, No. 959 (Adj.' ass.), ef . April 11, 197.

2053>. Final hulng of campaign statements _ (a) In th genral election a satoment shall fe fied' with th rotary of statel1d daspfrrt o the election and aPmno static :hjoct shall I befldl 0dvys fllob g the elee ion vhic sball b s of sny ot r nd vn'cn sh ba art 0ote examiation or' In pic record ds. (b) Such statement nh Ie t fo r the sumn o 1 r1 so o ti expen ue ad stt filL tie r tr-o kind and hract r o< purpo e for w1e Penu s forx wichath ums wre raid z I the payments wxerer m'.1 un sut otmon Iu: us or ot:er Ctons p omise4 but nit pawd I all ae rclmde (c) Such statmint shall nudd the n 0n Sad 4di oese ocar 100.- Adle4 1121, contrib tor who contrbbutes oxces nf No. 2'0 (Adj. Oes.), ift April1I, 1972.

2. Expenditure Liitation

25.limita'in on xpen C N ti t ~aIn iFrectiy p: or e :ribut tot oe tIan a fonr :ypupe jOO octin: hs candilcy Nith dndu action 39 0< Chi titl, i

. -~r c r ^ . ^.c^N "^ Rr^ ro >r 'F-ec"; 2 tiYnr tnw*3 ,- z, _. ' s t~hm!- x T. -__ ...... *'"F _ -- i 4 .Ll.i4 bSl YIYR' '1 i . I4 h:n l ,C' .. ; n\v-M'$4 d

CRS-234

Vermont (continued)

3. Regulations on Contributions

2054. Limitation on contributions (A No candidate shail accept a contribution totallirg more than St,O(00.0fl from a singe source, except a contribution from a political

(b) No political party s!a1l accept a contribution in excess of $.fO.0' fr':om a single source.-Added 1971, No. 259 (Adj. S

u. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated None

C. Political Campaign Material 2022. Printing or publication or anonymous poninciliterature A person who writes, prints, publishes, posts or circulates or causes to be written, printed, published, posted or circulated through the mails or otherwise any letter, circular, bill, placard, poster o o'eir IIpublication relating to any election or to any candidate at any election, unless it bears on its face the name and address of the author and publisher thereof, shall be fined not more than $500.00. However, this section shall not apply to a candidate whose letter, circular, bill, placard, poster or other publication identifies himself and promotes his own candidacv.-1963. No. 159.

D. Elections Offenses Generally

Chapter 35. Offenses Against the Purity of Elections - SUBCHAPTER 1. PENALTIES UPON OFFICERS SECTION 1931. Presiding officer receiving illegal vote. 1932. Counting and turning ballot boxes before proper time. 1933. Nonperformance of duty by public officer.

SUBCHAPTER 2. PENALTIES UPON VOTERS 1971. Casting more than one ballot. 1972. Showing ballot; interference with voter. 1973. Voting in more than one place. 1974. Voter omitted from list, voting in another town.

SUBCHAPTER 3. MISCELLANEOUS 2011. Perjury before board making check list. 2012. Procuring change in list wrongfully. 2013. False answer as to right to vote. 2014. Unqualified person voting. 2015. Fraudulent voting. 2016. Aiding unqualified voter to vote. 2017. Undue influence. 2018. Using intoxicating liquor to influence votes. 2019. Destroying lists; hindering voting. 2020. Offenses applying to primary elections. 2021. Destroying certificates of nomination. 2022. Printing or publication of anonymous political literature. CRS-235 VIRGINIA

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Code of Va.

1950, 1973 Replacement Volume.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

24.1-268: Certain voting offenses. Prohibits voting in

election district in which one does not reside, or not a registered

voter, or voting more than once, or aiding and advising one to vote

knowing such person is not qualified.

B. Campaign Financing

24.1-2,51. Elections to which chapter applicable. - The provisions of this chapter shall apply to all elections held within the Commonwealth except any election for members of the United States Congress, or any election for any town office, or any election for directors of soil and water conservation districts. Every candidate for the United States Congress shall file with the State Board of Elections certified copies of all reports of campaign contributions required by the laws oi the United States. (1970, c. 462; 1972, c. 620;1973, c. 30.)

1. Reporting

24.1-257. Report of contributions and expenditures to be filed by treasurer. - (a) The treasurer designated by a candidate shall file the report or statement of contributions and expenditures as prescribed in 24.1-25S with the electoral board where the candidate resides and the State Board of Elections: (1) No earlier than the fourteenth day and no later than the seventh day preceding any election and this report shall contain all contributions received or reported and expenditures made, reported or contracted for relative to the candidate's nomination or election, since the date of the last preceding election to fill the office for which he is a candidate: and (2) No later than the thirtieth day after the election or prior to taking office, whichever first occurs; and (3 If any unpaid bills or deficits remain to be paid at the time the report or statement in subsection (2) above is fled, sixty (60) days after the election; and (41 If any unpaid bills or deficits remain to be paid at the time the report or statement in subsection (3) above is fled, six months after the election; and . (51 If any unpaid bills or deficits remain to be paid at the time the report or statement in subsection (4) above is filed, one year after the election. (b' It is the responsibility of the candidate and treasurer, jointly, to file the statement of a candidate and they shall file such report or statement in full and accurate detail.(1970, c. 462; 1972, c. 620; 1973. c. 30.) The 1973 amendment, effective March 9, aid" a: the beginning of subdivision (11 of 1973. added "No earlier than the fourteenth day s:bsecton tat

24.1-258. Form of report of expenditures and contributions. - The following is substantially the form of the report or statement of expenditures andcontributions required by this chapter to be filed: Virginia (continued) CRS-236

REPORT OR -STATEMENT OF CAMPAIGN AND ELECTION CONTRIBUTIONS AND EXPENDITURES I,.... treasurer for.a...... a candidate for the office of...... , do hereby certify that is a complete and accurate statement of the contributions the following to received or reported and expenses discharged or contracted by or reported me as of...... ,19.... Balance on Hand (from previous report or opening balance, whichever is applicable) S ------Receipts (from attached schedule) S .-.-.-...... - Disbursements (from attached schedule) S...... - Balance S.------Unexpended funds on hand upon filing of any report are deposited in ...... , Account number ...... (Name of Bank) Obligations remaining unpaid as of the date of this report are as follows: Amount Name and Address Purpose

(Signature of Treasurer I, (we), the undersigned candidate (s), have examined the foregoing report, and the attachments hereto, and swear that the same are true to the best of my (our) knowledge, information and belief. (Signature of Candidate) and sworr. to (or affirmed' hefor me tI-...... a ce Subscribed .. , '9....

(Notary Public or other person authorized to adrrinister oaths) The State Board of Elections shall have prepared printed forms for the reports or statements of expenditures and contributions which shall be used throughout the Commonwealth. The attached schedule of receipts shall include the number of contributors and total amount of contributions under one hundred one dollars. For each contribution in excess of one hundred one dollars, give the name of the contributor, the address of the contributor, the amount of the contribution, and the date of the contribution. The attached schedule of disbursements shall include the number of disbursements and total amount of those under one hundred one dollars. For all expenditures in excess of one hundred one dollars, give the name and address of the person paid, a brief description of the purpose of the expenditure, the name of the person contracting for or arranging such expenditure, the amount of the expenditures and the date of such expenditures. (1970, c. 462; 1971, Ex. Sess., c. 247; 1972, c. 620.)

2. Expenditure Limitations None

3. Regulations on Contributions None

1. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated None Virginia (continued) CRS-237

C. Political Campaign Material

person or 24.1-259. Paid advertisements. - In the event that any in persons make an expenditure for the publication of any writing, as defined 24.1-277, in any radio, television, newspaper, pamphlet or on billboards or any other commercial enterprise for dissemination of information to the public, the persons operating such er.terprise shall within thirt rays after the electon report to the State Board of Elections the name or names of the person or persons having made the expenditure for such writing, their addresses and the amount of the cost or dollar value of such advertisement, if any. Failure of the person or persons operating such enterprise to report such information as required to the State Board of Elections shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor. (1970, c. 462.) person 24.1-277. Writings concerning candidates for office to identify responsible therefor. - (1) As used ir. this section -writing" includes any written, printed or otherwise reproduced statement or advertisement of any class or description, but shall not include editorial comment or news coverage which is sponsored and financed by the news medium publishing or broadcasting it. (2) It shall be unlawful for ar.y person to cause any writing other than a television or radio broadcast to appear concerning any candidate for any office elective by the qualified voters unless such writing plainly identifies the person responsible therefor and, where the writing is caused by a candidate. carries the statement "by authority of...... , duly designated Treasurer (Name) of ...... "; except that a candidate serving as his (Name of candidate) own treasurer may use the statement "by authority of the candidate." Where the-writing is not caused by a candidate, the person causing the writing shall be identified by full name and address on the writing. It shall be unlawful for any person to cause any radio or television statement to appear unless the advertisement or statement contains information which plainly identifies the person or group responsible therefor. (3) It shall be unlawful for any person to use a false or fictitious name or address on any such writing described in the preceding paragraph. (4) Any person violating any provision of this section shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor. Violation of this section shall not, however, require or result in the voiding of any election. (Code 1950 (Repl. Vol. 1969), s 24-456; 1956, c. 398; 1970, c. 462; 1972, c. 620; 1973, c. 30.)

D. Offenses Generally

CHAPTER 9. FAIR ELrCTIONs Pa crtcEs ACT. Sec. Sec. 24.1-251. Elections to which chapter applicable. 24.1-257. Report of contributions and expeni- 24.1-252. Summary of election laws; forms. tures to be filed by treasurer. 24.1-253. Appointment of campaign treasurer 24.1-258. Form of report of expenditures and and assistant treasurer; assistant contributions. treasurer'sreport. 24.1-259. Paid advertisements. 24.1-254. Campaign depositories. 24.1-260. Reports as conditions to qualification 24.1-255. Money, etc., paid or reported to for office. treasurer, duties of party 24.1-261. Custody of reports. - committee; report of persons 24.1-262,24.1-263. [Reserved.l receiving or disbursing moneys, etc. 24.1-256. Books and records of candidate or his treasurer.

I CRS-238 Virginia (continued)

CHAPTER 10. ELEcTION OFFENSES; PENALTY.

Sec. Sec. as to absent voters. 24.1-264. Bribery, intimidation,etc., of election 24.1-274. Offenses 24.1-275. Offenses as to voting machines. officers. not to receive compen- Disturbance of registrars. 24.1-276. Publications 24.1-265. for advocating candidacy. Wilful neglect or corrupt conduct. sation 24.1-266. candidates for Advice or assistance in casting ballot. 24.1-277. Writings concerning 24.1-267. person respon- 24.1-268. Certain voting offenses. office to identify Ballot not to be carried away. sible therefor. 24.1-269. against rights of citizens 24.1-270. Selling, giving away or counterfeiting 24.1-278. Conspiracy ballots. under this title. against person receiving 24.1-279. Perjury. 24.1-271. Offenses specifically ballot. 24.1-280. Penalties when not or giving bribe to influence provided elsewhere. 24.1-272. Soliciting evidence to be or procure vote. 24.1-281. Witnesses giving immune from prosecution. 24.1-273. Stealing, defacing, etc., ballot boxes, records or document's. CRS-239

WASHINGTON

Unless otherwise designated, references are to Revised Code of

Wash. Ann. and to the 1972 Supplement thereto.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Registration, False Swearing

29.85.200: Prohibits false swearing in taking oath for

registration, falsely personating another, registering under two or more

different names, or causing any name to be registered other than by law. 29.72.040: False swearing on application by new resident.

Voting

29.85.240: Prohibits voting by anyone knowing he is not a

qualified voter.

B. Campaign Financing

29.83.020 Applicability to all election campaigns other The provisions of this chapter shall apply campaigns for: than States; (1) President and vice president of the United (2) United States congress; fourth class; (3) Offices of any municipal corporation of the (4) Directors of any.school- district; (5) Offices of any district which does not encompass a whole county, and five thousand registered voters according to the which contains less than* of any district most recent general election of such district and/or officers which requires ownership of property as a prerequisite to voting; 1st E Sess 1972 ch 98; 3.] (6) Precinct committeemen. [Added by Laws

1. Reporting

by candidates 29.83.080 Reports of contributions and expenditures and committees - treasurer is designated L) Witil seven days after the day the campaign or proposition committee shall file with the each candidate or campaign in the a report of contributions and expenditures made supervisory authority or propo- election campaign: Prorided, That the initial report of a campaign sition committee in existence on the effective date of this act and not es- anticipation of any specific election campaign shall be flied with tablished in date and shall the supervisory authority within ten days after such effective include:

a1 II I IIIq nI 1III 1 SI11Al1 II 11111 IP1 1l w lw w l : ,

_-2 Washington (continued

such report,; (a) A statement of the funds on hand at the dirne of information as the supervisory authority may by regulation (b) Such other pohicy and parpO'e Of prescibe In furtherance of and consistent with the this act of contributions and expenditures shall also be filed by each (2) Reports the supervisOry candidate and campaign or proposition committee with authority: account of the As to contributions and expenditures made In or on (a) t to, public election campa gp of a candidate for nomination for, or election office: (I) On or before twenty days prior to the primary election ; and (U) Within ten days after the primary election; and (I) Within ten days after the general election. account of an (3) As to contributions and expenditures made In or on election campaign In support ot, or in opposition to, a proposition: to the date of the (a) On or before the last day of each month prior election ; and (b) Within ten days after the date of the election. If after filing the last report as provided in this section, the candidate or or obligations for expenditures incurred committee has any outstanding debts in in or on account of the election campaign, or if the committee continues supplemental reports of all controuuions and exrpeldie tmade existence, the obligation since the date of the last report shall be filed quarterly until or indebtedns is entirely satisfied or the committee dissolved as 1h 0C5se snail be the final report: Protid'd, T hat may be4 and the lass such report fund has been closed, the campaign has been concluded when the campaign in there are no ontstandlrg debts or ohligatbibn inetrred or in all respects, such on account of the election eainpaign, and in the case of a committee, committee has ceased to function and has dissolved, a report fi'e

shald diseoe for whe p-r .AI cover

and address of each person who baa made one or more con- (2) The name ith the tributions durnng the perod for whien the ruporn is flied, together amount of such contritiutiona; (2) above ; (3) The sum of contnttusiona not reported nader -'ubsecrion by or (4) Each loan, prmiory note or seeurry instrument to be used for the benefit of the candidate or comurittee mace by any person In furtherance of the election campaign together with toe names and addresses of the maker of such loan, note or inatrnmknz, toe date and amount thereof, and the names and addresses of any endorrers address of any por tic:u committee from which the re- (5) The name and committee porting committee or candidate received, or to which the reporting or candidate transferred any funds, tooter win the amounts, dates and purpose of all such transfers, expenditure In (8) The name and adds of each person so whom an excess of twenty-five dollars was made arnd the amount, date and purpose of each such expeeditnre; [Added by (7) The sum of expenditume reqntre to be reported above. Laws 1st Er SWs 17 oh 98 S10, effectve January 30, 1973.] ffectlv. tate-1f7 l t .. c9: Se 3CW flS tls

ti'

}

''S

... x F., .. ..-. vr. a a .. xi..:,_.. .. H. .t .,.,vr.r ., ,,..-.,a ._. rct _ .. .<., -. M... 1 . .rte. ., .. K+ -. CRS-241

Washington (continued)

2. Expenditure Limitations

29.83.110 Campaign expenditure limitations From the time the campaign treasurer-is appointed, until a final report is filed. The total of expenditures made by, for, or on behalf of any candidate in relation to any campaign shall not exceed the larger of the following amounts: (a) Ten cents multiplied by the number of voters registered; or (b) Five thousand dollars; or (c) A sum equal to the public salary which will be paid to the occupant of the office which the candidate seeks, during the term for which the success- ful candidate will be elected ; or (d) With respect to candidates for the office of governor and lieutenant governor of the state of Washington only, a sum equal to the public salary which will be paid the governor during the term sought, multiplied by two. Any candidate who knowingly, intentionally and wilfully violates the provisions of this section, and any person who aids or abets such a violation, shall be subject to the provisions and penalties of RCW 29.8.3.170. The total of expenditures made by, for or on behalf of any ballot proposition shall not exceed one hundred thousand dollars. [Added by Laws 1st Ex Sess 1972 ch 985$12, effective January 30,1973.] Effective date-1972 1st ex.s. c 98: See RCW 29.83.930.

3. Regulations on Contributions

treasur- 29.83.060 Deposit of contributions-Statement of campaign er-Anonymous contributions (1) All monetary contributions received by a candidate or campaign or proposition committee shall be depsited by the campaign treasurer or deputy treasurer in a campaign depository 10 an account designated, "Campaign no later Fund of...... (name of candidate or committee) than the fifth regular day of business of such depository after the day of receipt. treas- Each deposit made by a campaign treasurer or deputy campaign (2) of the shall be documented by a statement containing the amount urer and deposit and the name of each persn contributing the funds so deposited dollars the amount contributed by each person. in excess of one hundred which statement shall be retained by the campaign treasurer. The state- shall ment shall be upon a form prescribed by the supervisory authority and be sworn to as correct by the cnpaign treasurer or deputy campaign treasurer making the deposit. (3) Anonymous contributions by a single contributor in excess of an aggregate amount of ten dollars received by a candidate or campaign or proposition committee shall not be depsi:ed, used, or expended, but shall be returned to the donor, if his identity can be ascertained. If the donor's identity cannot be ascertained, the contribution shall escheat to the state. and shall be paid to the state treasurer for deposit in the state general fund. [Added by Laws 1st Ex Sess 1972 ch 95 -7.1

29.83.140 Identification of contributions and communications No contribution in excess of one hundred dollars shall be made and no expenditure shall be,incurred, directly or indirectly, in a fictitious name, anonymously, or by one person through an agent, relative or other person in such a manner as to conceal the identity of the source of the contribution, In any election campaign. [Added by Laws 1st Ex Sess 172 ch 98 15, effective January 30. 1973.1 Effective date--1972 1st ex.s. c 98: Se+RCW 3'. 5.33". CRS-242

Washington (continued)

4. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated None

C. Political Campaign Material

of sponsors 29.83.150 Political advertising-Identification propositions, advertising. whether relar.-z to candidates or All political shall identify the sponsors however proposed, promulgated or disemiratd, name and address of te spot orT or sponsors on the thereof by listing the or candidates material or ingconnection with its presentation. 1f a candidate office. they and t-,eir sponsors shall also designate run for partisan political each such can- such politic-al advertising clearly ia connection with on all bons: Prcrided, That didate the party to which each such ea.Aildate licensees of the federal communications commiss on shall identify political [Added by Laws' 1st E advertisers in compliance with FCO regulations. Sess 1972 ch 985 16,-effective January 30, 1973.] RCW 29.83.930. Effective date-1972 1st eX.s. c 98: See

D. Offenses Generally

CHAPTER 29.83-CAMPAIGN REPORTING ACT Sections Sections expend:tur lmi- 9.43.010 Declaration of legislative pur- 29.3.11) Campaign pose. tationa. duty 29.83.020 Applicability. 29.83.120 Commercal advertisers' 29.83.030 Definitions. to report. preserve statements 29.83.040 Obligation of committees to 29.83.130 Duty to file statement of organiza- and reports. tlion. 29.83.140 Identification of contributions 29.83.050 Campaign treasurer and de- and communications. postories. 29.83.150 Political advertsing-Identifi- 29.83.060 Deposit of contributions- cation of sponsors. ---Btatement?2. 31t@-Supervlsory authority duties. treasurer-Anonymous con- 29.83.170 Criminal penaltes-Limita- tributions. tons on actions. making deemed date 29.83.070 Authorization of expenditures 29.83.180 Date of and restrictions thereon. of receipt. 29.83.080 Reports of contributions and 29.83.190 Penalty. ".vondtures by candidates 29.83.900 Ttle. not part and committees. 29.83.910 Section headings are 29.83.090 Contents of reports. of law. 29.83.100 Code of fair campaign prac- 29.83.920 Severablity. tices to be filed. 29.83.930 Effective date. 29.83.940 Referendum.

CHAPTER 29.8 CRIMES AND PENALTIES Sectiors 29.5.10 Ballots-Counterfeitirg or unlawful possession. 29.S5.924 Ballots-Officers tampering with. 29.55.6.0 Ballots-Opening, disclosing choice of voter. 29.5.40 Ballots-Unlawful pri-ting or distribticn. 29.85.30 Ballots-Misleading voters in marking. 29.S5.?6& Intimidating, influencing or bribing eeczor. as- -29.S5.)70 Influencing voter to vote or not to vote-False sertions, bribery, etc. CRS-243

Washington (continued)

29.S5.!90 ----- Solicitation of bribe by candidate or voter. 29.S5 390 - Solicitation of bribe by voter in primary. 29..5.100 Certificates of nomination and ballots-Fraud as to. 29.55.110 Destroying or defacing election suppl-es ard notices. 29.S.5.120 Electioneering for hire in commrission form cities. 29.S5.130 Bribery and other election violations in co missionn form cities. 29.55.140 Forgery on nomination paper. 29.55150 Inducing noncitizen In.dian to vote. 29.:5.160 Officers where voting machines are used--iolations at the polls. 29.S5.170 Officers-Violations generally. 29.85.180 Perjury-Swearing falsely when challenged at primary. 29.35.190 Registration law-Offcer violating. 29.8j 200 Registration law-Registering urder false name. 29.85.210 Repeaters. 29.S5.220 Repeaters-Officers conniving with. 29.S5.230 Returns and posted copy of resuhs-Tampering with. 29.85240 Unqualified persons voting. 29.5526P Voting machines-Ta-npering with-Extra keys. 29S :.;>A1 ____Penalty.

I Imp I . ------1 --- mopillow CRS-244

WEST VIRGINIA

Unless otherwise designated, references are to W. Va. Code, 1971

Replacement Volume.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Registration

3-2-35: Prohibits anyone registering or applying to register

knowing he is not entitled to do so, or any person declaring as his

address a place or address which he knows is not his legal residence.

False Swearinq

3-9-3: Prohibits swearing falsely under any affidavit required

by election laws, or counselling or advising one to do so. Prohibits

making of false statement even though no oath was required. Voting

3-9-17: Prohibits any person knowingly voting when not legally

entitled, or voting more than once in same election, or voting or attempting

to vote more than one ballot, or procures or assists in procuring an

illegal vote to be admitted.

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting

3-8-5. Detailed accounts and verified financial statements re. quired; "contribution" defined. Every candidate, financial agent, person and association of persons, organization of any kind, including the treasurer, or equivalent officer of such association or organization, opposing or advocating the defeat or passage of any matter, thing or item to be voted upon, or touching upon or pertaining to the holding or the conduct of any election and the treasurer of every political party committee, shall keep detailed accounts of all money, or its equivalent, received by them, and of all expenditures and disbursements made, liabilities incurred, by such candidate, agent, such person, association or organization or committee, for political purposes, or by any of the officers or members of such committee, or any person acting under its authority or on its behalf. CRS-245

West Virginia (continued)

Not less than seven nor more than fifteen days before each primary or other election, and again within thirty days after each primary or other election, every candidate for public office, and every financial agent, person, the treasurer or 'equivalent officer of any association, or organization of any kind opposing or advocating the defeat or passage of any matter, thing or item to be voted upon or touching upon or pertaining to the holding or conduct of any election and the treasurer of every political party committee, shall file with the officers hereinafter prescribed a detailed itemized statement subscribed and sworn to before an officer authorized to administer oaths, setting forth all financial transactions in connection with such primary or other election. Such statement shall show each and every sum of money or other thing of value contributed or advanced; the name of each person, firm, association or committee by whom it was contributed or advanced; the amount and purpose of every expenditure made or liability incurred, and the name of each person, firm, association or committee to whom such expenditure was made or liability incurred, with dates of each transaction. Any unexpended balance, remaining in the hands of any financial agent, or of the treasurer of any such committee at the time of making the statements herein provided for, shall be properly accounted for in said statement, and shall appear as a balance in the next following report of such agent or treasurer or his successor in office. Such sworn statements shall be filed with the secretary of state, by candidates for state and other offices to be nominated or elected by the voters of a political division greater than a county, and with the clerk of the county court, by candidates for offices to be nominated or elected by the voters of a county or district therein, and by .all candidates for other offices not otherwise provided for. The term "contribution," as used in this article, shall include a gift, subscription, loan, advance, deposit of money, or anything of value given or offered in connection with political activity. It shall also include a contract, promise, or agreement, whether or not legally enforceable, to make a contribution. (1908, c. 22; 1915, c. 27, 5, 6; Code 1923, c. 5, 8b(5), (6) ; 1941, c. 41; 1963, c. 64.)

3-8-6. Financial statement forms; filing; disposition. Blank forms for all financial statements required under this article shall be prepared by the secretary of state, and copies thereof, together with a copy of this article, shall be furnished through the county clerk or otherwise, as the secretary of state may deem expedient, to all treasurers of political committees, to all political financial agents, and to all candidates for nomination or election to any office, upon the filing of a petition or announcement for nomination, and to all other persons required by law to file such statements who shall apply therefor. All statements filed in accordance with the provisions of this article shall be received, endorsed and filed by the secretary of state and county clerks, and shall be preserved for one year after the election to which they relate, after which time they may be destroyed, if not required to be further preserved by the order of arty court. (1908, c. 22; 1915, c. 27, 7; Code 1923, c. 5, 8b(7); 1963, c. 64.) CRS-246

West Virginia (continued)

2. Expenditure Limitations

3-8-10. Limitations on election expenses. No payment shall be made and no liability shall be incurred by or on behalf of any candidate for office in this State to aid in securing his nomination or election, or both, which shall in the aggregate exceed the amounts herein provided for, that is to say: Candidates for United States senate or any state office, the sum of seventy-five dollars for each county in the State, for the primary election, and a like amount for the general election; candidates for members of the legislature, the sum of one hundred and twenty-five dollars for each county in which such candidate is voted for, for the primary election, and a like amount for the general election; for members of the United States house of representatives, the sum of seventy-five dollars for each county in the district for'the primary election, and a like amount for the general election; for any county office, a sum not to exceed two hundred dollars in each county, for the primary election, and a like amount for the general election; and for any other office, not hereinbefore mentioned, a sum not to exceed fifty dollars in the political division in which such person is a candidate, for the primary election, and a like amount for the general election. Any candidate may delegate to a financial agent or a political party committee, in a writing duly subscribed by him, the expenditure of any portion of the total expenses authorized to be incurred by him, or on his behalf; but the aggregate of all expenses made and incurred by such candidate, by any political agent on his behalf and by any such committee on his behalf, shall not exceed the amounts hereinbefore provided. No payments shall be made and no liability shall be incurred by any financial agent or political party committee which shall exceed in the aggregate the sum of the amounts theretofore delegated to such agent or committee by the candidate, in writing, as herein provided. There shall not be included in arriving at the several amounts which may be expended, or liability incurred for, items mentioned in subdivisions (b) to (h), both inclusive, of the next preceding section [ 3-8-9]. Any person violating the provisions of this section shall, upon conviction, be disqualified from holding any public office or employment during a period of five years subsequent to the date of conviction. If elected to occupy any public office or employment, such person shall immediately, upon conviction, be deemed to have vacated such office or to have ceased such employment. (1908, c. 22; 1915, c. 27, 11; Code 1923, c. 5, 8b(11); 1927, c. 64; 1941, c. 41; 1963, c. 64.) CRS-247

West Virginia (continued)

3. Regulations on Contributions

3-8-8. Corporation contributions forbidden; penalties. No officer of any corporation, or agent or person on behalf of such any other corporation, whether incorporated under the laws of this or state, or foreign country, shall pay, give or lend, or authorize to be paid, given or lent, any money or other thing of value belonging to such corporation, to any candidate, financial agent or political committee or other person, for the payment of any primary or other election expenses whatever. No person shall solicit or receive such payment, contribution or other act- thing from any corporation, officer or agent thereof, or other person ing on behalf of such corporation. Any person or corporation violating any provision of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and, on conviction, shall be fined not more than five thousand dollars. (1908, c. 22; 1915, c. 27, 9; Code 1923, c. 5, 8(b) ; 1963, c. 64.)

Sec. 3-8-12

(f) No person shall, directly or indirectly, make any contribution in excess of the value of five thousand dollars in connection with any campaign for nomination or election to or on behalf of any elective office in the State or any of its subdivisions, or in connection with or on behalf of any committee or other organization or person engaged in furthering, advancing or advocating the nomination or election of any candidate for any such office; and

4. Lawful Expenditures

3-8-9. Lawful and unlawful election expenses. No candidate, financial agent, or treasurer of a political party committee, shall pay, give or lend, either directly or indirectly, any money or other thing of value for any election expenses, except for the following purposes: (a) For rent, maintenance and furnishing of offices to be used as political headquarters and for the payment of necessary clerks, stenographers, typists, janitors and messengers actually employed therein; (b) For printing and distributing books, pamphlets, circulars and other printed matter and radio and television broadcasting and painting, printing and posting signs, banners and other advertisements, all relating to political issues and candidates; (c) For renting and decorating halls for public meetings and political conventions; for advertising public meetings, and for the payment of traveling expenses of speakers and musicians at such meetings; (d) For the necessary traveling and hotel expenses of candidates, political agents and committees, and for stationery, postage, telegrams, telephone, express, freight and public messenger service; CRS-248

West Virginia (continued)

(e) For 'preparing, circulating and filing petitions for nomination of candidates; (f) For examining the lists of registered voters, securing copies thereof. investigating the right to vote of the persons listed therein, and conducting proceedings to prevent unlawful registration or voting; (g) For conveying voters to and from the polls; and (h) For securing publication in newspapers and by radio and television broadcasting of documents, articles, speeches, arguments and any information relating to any political issue, candidate, or question or proposition, submitted to a vote. Every liability incurred and payment made shall be at a rate and for a total amount which is proper and reasonable and fairly commensurate with the services rendered. (1908, c. 22; 1915, c. 27, 10; Code 1923, c. 5, 8b(10) ; 1943, c. 47; 1963, c. 64.)

C. Political Campaign Material Sec. 3-8-11(e) Misdemeanor:

or publish, or cause to be (e) Any person who shall, knowingly, make to any candidate, which made or published, any false statement in regard at any election what- statement is intended or tends to affect any voting ever ; or

3-8-12. Additional acts forbidden; circulation of written matter; newspaper advertising; solicitation of contributions; intimidation and coercion of employees; promise of employment or other benefits; limitations on contributions; public contractors; penalty.

(a) No person shall publish, issue or circulate, or cause to be published, issued or circulated, any anonymous letter, circular, placard, or other publication tending to influence voting at any election; (b) No owner, publisher, editor, or employee of a newspaper or other periodical shall insert, either in its advertising or reading columns, any matter, paid for or to be paid for, which tends to influence the voting at any election whatever, unless distinctly designating it as a paid advertisement and stating the name of the person authorizing its publication and the candidate in whose behalf it is published;

I West Virginia (continued) CRS-249

D. Offenses Generally

ARTICLE 8. REGULATION AND CONTROL OF ELECTIONS.

" Sec. Sec. election ex- 3-8-1. Provisions to regulate and control 3-8-9. Lawful and unlawful elections. penses expenses. 3-8-2. Accounting for receipts and ex- 3-8-10. Limitations on election penditures in elections. 3-8-11 Specific acts forbidden. penalties circu- 3-8-3. Committee treasurers; required to 3-8-12. Additional acts forbidden; receive and disburse funds lation of written matter; news- solicitation 8-8-4. Treasurers and financial agents; paper advertising: intimidation w r i t t e n designation require- of contributions; ments; "person" and "financial and coercion of employees: or other agent" defined. promise of employment limitations on contri- 3-8-5. Detailed accounts and verified fi- benefits: nancial statements required; butions: public contractors; pen- "contribution" defined. alty to pen- 3-8-6. Financial statement forms; filing; 3-8-13. Parties liable and subject disposition. alties. 3-8-7. Failure to file statement; penalty. 3-8-8. Corporation contributions forbidden; penalties.

ARTICLE 9. OFFENSES AND PENALTIES. Sec. Sec. 3-9-1. False or fraudulent returns; tam- 3-9-12. Improper influence and bribery pering with, destroying or mis- by candidates; penalties. delivering ballots, records, etc.; 3-9-13. Improper influence and bribery by forgeries; aiding, etc., in of- other persons; penalties. fense; penalties. 3-9-14. Unlawful acts by corporations; 3-9-2. Unlawful printing, possession or penalties. delivery of ballots; penalties. 3-9-15. Unlawful acts by employers; pen- 3-9-3. False swearing; penalties. alties. 3-9-4. Commissioner's failure to procure 3-9-16. Receiving or soliciting bribes by or return supplies; penalties. voters; penalties. 3-9-5. Destruction or removal of election 3-9-17. Illegal voting; deceiving voters; supplies and equipment; at- penalties. tempts; penalties. 3-9-18. Unlawful voting in primary elec- 3-)-6 Unauthorized presence in election tions; penalties. room; sixty-foot limit; penal- 3-9-19. V io 1a t i o n s concerning absent ties. voters' ballots; penalties. 3-9-7. Wrongful refusal or allowance of 3-9-20. Obstructing employees' freedom votes; malicious or frivolous to vote; penalties challenges; penalties. 3-9-21. Failure to destroy unused ballots; 3-9-8. Distinguishing marks on ballots; penalty. -conspiracies; penalties. 3-9-22. Wagering or betting on elections; 3-9-9. Other unlawful acts at polling penalties. places; penalties. 3-9-23. Punishment where penalty not 3-9-10. Disorder at polls; prevention; prescribed or where failure to failure to assist in preventing perform duty not specifically disorder; penalties. made an offense. 8-9-11. Failure to make returns; penal- 3-9-24. Limitations on prosecutions. ties.

ON ...... l CRS-250

WISCONSIN

References are to Wisc. Stats. Ann. (West's 1967) and to the 1973

Supplement thereto.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting

Registration, False Statements, Voting

12.59: (1) Prohibits registering or attempting to register

knowing one is not qualified to do so, making any false statement, proof a curing registration in more than one district, false.personation do so. voter, voting more than once, or procure, aid or assist one to

(3) Prohibits false swearing to any affidavit.

B. Campaign Financing

12.01 ELECTIONS (2) The term "candidate" shall mean and include every person for whom it is contemplated or desired that votes may be cast at any election or primary, and who either tacitly or expressly consents to be so considered, except candidates for president and vice president of the United States.

1. Reporting

12.09 Receipts and.disbursements by candidates and committees (1) Every candidate and the secretary of every personal campaign committee * * * shall on the Tuesday preceding any primary or election and on the Tuesday following any primary or election, file a financial statement verified upon the oath of such candidate or upon the oath of the secretary of such committee * * *, which statement shall cover all transactions not accounted for and reported upon uinstaements theretofore filed. The secretary of every statutory party commiree shall, on the Tuesday followin any primary or election, file a financial statement verified upon the oath of the secretary, which statement shall cover all transactions not accounted for and reported upon in statements theretofore filed. Each statement after the first shall contain a summary of all preceding statements, and sumnarze all Items theretofore reported under sub. (3). The mailing of such statement withinthe required time, addressed to the proper filing office, shall be sufficient proof of filing of such statement. Candidates for party committeemen representing each political party shall be exempt from filing a financial statement on the Tuesday preceding any primary or election, but shall file a financial Statement on the Tuesday following any primary or election.

77 CRS-251

Wisconsin (continued)

(2) The statement of every candidate and the statement of his personal campaign committee shall be filed with the filing officer of such candidate. The statement of every state central committee and of every congressional committee shall be filed with the secretary of state. The statement of every party committee for a state senatorial district, or for an assembly district, shall be filed with the filing officer of the candidate for state senator or representative to the assemhlyin such district. The statement ofevery other party committee- shall be filed in the office of the county clerk of the county for which orfor a subdivision of which it is the party committee.

(3) Except as provided in s. 12.20(1) (intro. par.), each such statement shall be typewritten or printed in legible fashion and shall give in full detail: (a) Every contribution whether it is a sum of money and all property, or other thing of value, over $5 in amount or value, received by such candidate or committee during such period from any source whatsoever which he, or such committee on his behalf, uses or has used, or is at liberty to use for political purposes, together with the full and accurate name and residence address of the particular person or organization from which such contribution was received, the specific purpose for which each was received, and the date when each was received, together with the total amount received from all sources in any amounts or manner whatsoever. (b) Every promise or pledge of money. property or other thing of value, over S5 in amount or va ue. received by such candidate or committee during such period the proceeds of which he or such committee on his behalf uses or has used. or is at liberty to use for political purposes, togetzier with the full and accurate name and residence address of the particular person or orgaiization by whom each was promised or pledged, the specific purposes for which each was promised or pledged, and the date when each was so promised or pledged, together with the total amount promised or pledged from all sources in any amounts or manner whatsoever. (c) Every disbursement over S in amount or value made by such candklate or committee for political purposes during such period, together with the name of every person to whom the disbursement is made, the specific purpose for which each was made, and the date when each was made, together with the total amount of disbursements made in any amounts or manner whatsoever. (d) Every obligation, express or implied, to make any disbursement, over $5 in amount or value, including all indorsements, under- takings and guaranties of obligations or payments to be made in the future, incurred by such candidate or committee for political purposes during such period, together with the names of the person or persons to or with whom each such obligation has been incurred, the specific purpose for which each was made, and the date when each was-incurred, together with the total amount of such obligations made in any amounts or manner whatsoever. (e) In the event there are no receipts, disbursements or obligations, candidates and committees shall file statements at the usual time to that effect. CRS-252

Wisconsin (continued)

(4) (a) Blanks for all statements required by this section shall be prepared by the secretary of state and copies thereof, together with either a copy of this chapter, or a copy of the election laws, shall be furnished by the secretary of state and the county clerk in their respective filing districts to the secretary of every personal campaign committee and to the secretary of every party committee and to every candidate upon the filing of nomination papers, and to all other persons required by law to file such statements who may apply therefor. (b) The secretary of state, county clerk or other filing officer with whom the expense account of any committee or candidate for public office is required by any law of this state to be filed, shall, at least 10 days before any election or primary notify such candidate or committee of the dates fixed by law for filing said statements and shall inclose the necessary blanks. He shall also notify such committee or candidate of failure to comply with such law immrediatelv upon the expiration of the time fixed by any law of his s:ate for t- filing of the same, anI shall inclose blank forms for the affidavit and order of court required under s. 1.10. fthe delirouent s a:e-er is not received within 10 days from the last day allowed for fiing tdr s. 12.10, the filing officer shall notify the district attorney of the county where such candidate or secretary of committee resides of the fact of his failure to file, and said district attorney shall thereupon prosecute such candidate or secretary. (5) (a) Any corporation, association, organization, committee, club or group, which in this state advocates, Indorses or opposes any political party, faction or group or any candidate for any office, or any constitutional amendment or measures to be voted on by the people, or which through paid advertisements advocates or opposes any governmental action, measure or policy, shall before making any expenditures or receiving contributions for such purposes, file a verified statement giving its name, the name and address of each of its officers, and in general terms the nature of its organization, the sources of its income and - the purposes for which it expects to make ex- jeniIture* or- receive contributions. Such statement shall be filed with the * * * officer with whom nomination papers, declarations orpetitions are filed forsuch election.

(b) Such corporations, associations, organizations, committees, clubs or groups shall also file with the secretary of state, county clerk or local clerk, as the case may be, a verified statement setting forth in detail the names and amounts of all contributors of over $5 to any fund raised or money expended for the political purposes mentioned in par. (a), and the total of all contributions for such purposes, whether S5 or less, together with an itemized statement of all expenditures and all liabilities incurred. Such statements shall be filed on the Tuesday preceding any primary or election in which such corporation, association, organization, committee, club or group has made any expenditures or received any contributions for political purposes, and a final statement shall be filed within 2 weeks after such primary or election. A similar CRS-253 Wisconsin (continued)

statement shall be filed on the 2nd Tuesday in July of each year, if expenditures have been made or liabilities incurred for political purposes since the filing of the last preceding statement aggregating $500 or more. (c) The statement and reports required by this subsection shall be made by the chief executive officer or other officer charged with the duty of receiving and disbursing money on behalf of such corporation, association, organization, committee, club or group.

2. Expenditure Limitations

12.20 Limitation of expenditures by candidates (1) The amounts specified in this section apply, separately, to each primary election campaign and to each general election campaign and each limit applies to each campaign separately. In addition to Amended such amounts, each candidate may, once during the primary election campaign and once more during the general election campaign, buy a total of one-fourth page of political advertising, or its space equivalent in separate, smaller political advertising, in newspapers having circulation within the district in which he is a candidate, and make the disbursements necessary for the mailing of one communication to voters in the district. These additional amounts are excluded from the limit on the candidate's total expenditures for each such campaign, but must be reported. In any such campaign, no disbursement shall be made and no obligation, express or implied, to make such disbursement, shall be incurred by or on behalf of any candidate for any office under the constitution or laws of this state; or under the ordinance of any town or municipality of this state, which shall be in excess of the amounts specified in this section for such campaign namely: (a) For United States senator, $10,000. (b) For representative in congress, $2,500. (c) For governor. $10,000. For judge of the supreme court or Amended state superintendent of schools, $10,000. (d) For other state officers, $10,000. (e) For state senator, $1,000. (f) For member of assembly, $400. (g) For presidential elector at large, $1,000, and for presidential elector for any congressional district, $300. (h) For any county, city, village or town officer, for any judge or for any officer not hereinbefore mentioned, who, if nominated and elected, would receive a salary, a sum not exceeding one-third of the salary to which such person would, if elected, be entitled during the first year of his incumbency of such office. If such person when nominated and elected, would not receive a salary, a sum not exceeding one- third of the compensation which his predecessor received during the first year of such predecessor's incumbency. If such officer, when nominated and elected, would not receive a salary and if such officer had no predecessor, and in all cases not specifically provide for, S25 and no more. (2) Any candidate may delegate to his personal campaign committee or to any party committee of hi. party, in writing duly sub- CRS-254

Wisconsin (continued)

scribed by him, the expenditure of any portion of the total disbursements which are authorized to be incurred by him or on his behalf, by this section, but the total of all disbursements by himself, by his personal campaign committee in his behalf. by all party committees in his behalf, or otherwise made in his behalf, shall not exceed in the aggregate the amounts in this section specified, except as provided in s. 12.21.

12.21 Limitation of expenditures by committees (1) No disbursement shall be made and no obligation, express or implied, to make such disbursement, shall be incurred by or on behalf of any party committee, or by or on behalf of any personal campaign committee, exceeding in the aggregate the total amounts theretofore delegated to such committee in writing, duly subscribed as provided in s. 12.20. (2) The state central committee of any political party entitled by law to have the names of its candidates placed upon the official bai- lot in a general election may, however, in addition to the disbursements and obligations to make disbursements provided for in sub. (1), make further disbursements in connection with any general election, not exceeding in the aggregate the sum of $10,000, and every disbursement in excess of that amount is forbidden.

MII 111111111" CRS-255 Wisconsin (continued) * - 3. Regulations on Contributions

prohibited 12.56 Political contributions by corporations and no association (1) (a) No foreign or domestic corporation in this state shall contribute any organized under ch. 185 doing business indirectly, to any political party, money or thing of value, directly or political organization, political committee or individefeat candidate for any political purpose whatsoever, or to promote or det theicandi- dacy of any person for nomination or election to any political office. No individual political party, political organization, political committee or candidate shall accept or receive any contribution prohibited by this section. shall affect the right of any Nothing contained in this section (b) in voluntary or- to form, join, contribute to or participate individual and for in s. 12.09, to support political candidates ganizations provided to subscribe to a regularly purposes of his own choosing, nor his right published organization newspaper. Nothing contained in this section prohibit the publication by corporations and co-operatives in the shall advising their of conducting their affairs, of periodicals regular course dangers or advantages to their members, stockholders or customers of espousing certain measures. interests of election to office of men

attorney or other representa- (2) Any officer, employe, agent or corporation, tive of any corporation acting for and in behalf of such less than $100 nor more who violates this section, shall be fined not nor more than 5 years, or than $5,000, or imprisoned not less than one penalty then by forfeiture in both, and if the corporation is subject to a to be collected as other ac- double the amount of any fine so imposed corporation, it may tions by forfeiture are collected and if a domestic quo warranto, in either be dissolved, if after a proper proceeding upon to be prosecuted by the at- the circuit or supreme court of the state and give judgment that torney general of the state, the court shall find if a foreign or nonresident sub. (1) has been violated as charged, and this state may be declared for- corporation, its right to do business in feited. officer, employe, agent, (3) The violation of this section, by any shall be prima facie attorney or other representative of a corporation, All fines or forfeitures evidence of said violation by such corporation. be paid into the recovered under this section shall, when collected, the school fund, and it is treasury of the county for the use of proper county to conduct prose- made the duty of the district attorney of each other actions. cutions under this section, upon complaint as in in the county (4) Violations of this section may be prosecuted services rendered or where such payment or contribution is made or in any county wherein such money has been paid or distributed. Wisconsin (continued) CRS-256

4. Lawful Expenditures

12.06 Legal disbursements by candidates (1) No candidate shall make any disbursement for political purposes excpt* (a) For his own personal hotel and traveling expenses and for postage, telegraph and telephone expenses. (b) For payments which he may make to the state pursuant

(c) For contributions to his duly registered personal campaign committee. (d) For contributions to his party committee. (e) For necessary expenses, incident to the furnishing of and printing political advertising upon paper book matches and the distribution thereof. (f) For the purposes enumerated in s. 12.07, when such candidate has no personal campaign committee, but not otherwise. (2) After the primary, no candidate for election to the United States senate shall make any disbursement in behalf of his candidacy, except contributions to his party committees, for his own actual necessary personal traveling expenses, and for postage, telephone and telegraph expenses, and for payments which he may make to the state pursuant to law.

12.07 Legal disbursements by committees No party committee nor personal campaign committee shall make any disbursement except: (1) For maintenance of headgrarters and for hall rentals, incident to the holding of ;ublic _eengs. (2) For necessary stationery, jc-sie ard clerical assistance to be employed for the candidate at his headquarers or at the headquarters of the personal campaign committee, incident to the writing, ad- dressing and mailing of letters and campaign literature. (3) For necessary expenses, incident to the furnishing and printing of badges, banners and other insignia, to -he printing and posting of handbills, posters, lithographs and other campaign literature, and the distribution thereof through the mai or otherwise. (4) For campaign advertising in newspa ers, periodicals or magazines, as provided in this chapter. (5) For wages and actual necessary personal expenses of public speakers. (6) For traveling expenses of members of party committees or personal campaign committees. (7) For necessary expenses, incident to the furnishing of and printing political advertising upon paper book matches and the distribution thereof.

pp, Wisconsin (continued) CRS-257

C. Political Campaign Material

12.14 Campaign matter or political advertisements . (1) (a) No publisher of a newspaper or other periodical shall publish, either in the advertising column of such newspaper or periodical or elsewhere therein, any matter raid for or to be paid for which is intended or tends to influence, directly or indirectly, any voting at any election or primary, unless at the head of said printed matter is printed the words "Advertisement To Be Paid For" or "Paid Advertisement," as the case is, and the name. given and surname, and address of the candidate in whose behalf the matter is inserted, and of any other person, if any, authorizing the publication and the name, given and surname, of the author thereof. (b) No licensee, agent or employe of any radio or television station shall broadcast or cause to be broadcast over any radio or television facilities, any matter, paid for or to be paid for, which is intended or tends to influence, directly or indirectly, any voting at any election or primary unless an announcement shall be made at either the beginning or conclusion of any program in which such material is used that the time is paid for and shall fully and fairly disclose the true identity of the person or persons by whom or in whose behalf payment for such services is made or is to be made and the full name of any candidate on whose behalf the matter is broadcast.- (2) Every-person occupying any office or position under the constitution or laws of this state, or under any ordinance of any town or municipality therein, or under the constitution or laws of the United States, the annual income of which shall exceed $300, and every candidate, every member of any personal campaign or party committee, who shall either in his own name, or in the name-of any other person, own any financial interest in, any newspaper or periodical, circulating in part or in wholc Wis siiii, L-any tadio or television station located in Wisconsin, shall, before such newspaper or periodical shall print, or such station shall broadcast, any matter otherwise than as is provided in sub. (1), which is intended or tends to influence, direct- lv or indirectly, any voting at any election or primary in this state, file in the office of the county clerk of the county in which he resides a verified declaration, stating definitely the newspaper, periodical, radio or television station in which or over which he has such financial interest or control, and the exact nature and extent of such interest or control. The editor, manager or other person controlling the publication of any such newspaper or article, or the broadcasting from any such station, who shall print or cause to be- printed or broadcast or cause to be broadcast any such matter contrary to this chapter, prior to the filing of such verified declaration from every person required by this ; subsection to file such declaration, shall be deemed guilty of a viola- - tion hereof.

4 " --- I- - - I , ---- - I------I------,- Nrw

I Wisconsin (continued) CRS-258

12.16 Campaign literature must disclose author and candidate No person shall publish, issue or circulate or cause to be published. issued or circulated otherwise than in a newspaper, as provided in s. 12.14(1), any literature or any publication tending to influence voting at any election or primary, which fails to bear on the face thereof the given name, surname and address of the author, the given name and. surname of the candidate in whose behalf the same is published, issued or circulated, and the given name, surname and address of any other person causing the same to be published, issued or circulated.

12.17 False statements affecting candidates No person, firm or corporation shall knowingly make or publish, or cause to be made or published, any false statement in relation to any candidate, which statement is intended or tends to affect any voting at any primary or election.

D. Offenses Generally

CHAPTER 12 CORRUPT PRACTICES RELATING TO ELECTIONS

12.01 Definition of terms. 12.02 Acceptance of unlawful political disbursements. 12.03 Disbursements by candidates, how made. 12.04 Appointment of personal campaign committee; presumption of authority. 12.06 Legal disbursements by candidates. 12.07 Legal disbursements by committees. 12.08 Time for presentation and payment of bills. 12.09 Receipts and disbursements by candidates and committees. 12.10 Candidate neglecting to file accounts omitted from ballot. 12.12 Solicitation of contributions from candidates or committees; publication of pledges. 12.13 Disbursements on primary or election days. 12.14 Campaign matter or political advertisements. 12.15 Compensation for political service. 12.16 Campaign literature must disclose author and candidate. 12.17 False statements affecting candidates. 12.18 Offers of public or private employment. 12.19 Threats of loss of employment. 12.20 Limitation of expenditures by candidates. 12.21 Limitation of expenditures by committees. 12.22 Special proceedings and counsel to prosecute violations. 12.23 Process; pleadings; trial; evidence; costs. 12.24 Judgment or findings; appeal; forfeiture of office. 12.25 Special counsel in supreme court. 12.26 Privilege of witness limited. 12.28 Supplemental judgment of forfeiture of office on conviction. 12.29 Candidate may employ counsel. 12.45 Political party recognition and qualification. 12.49 Election restrictions on employers. 12.50 Bribery at elections. CRS-259 Wisconsin (continued)

12.51 Same subject. 12.52 Use of threats, etc., on elector. 12.53 Influencing voter by promise of appointment or threat of removal. 12.54 Bribery at nominating conventions and primaries. 12.55 Special privileges from public utilities. 12.56 Political contributions by corporations prohibited. 12.57 Solicitation of subscriptions, etc., by state officers and employes prohibited. . 12.58 Disbursements by committees. 12.59 Illegal voting; fraudulent registration. 12.60 Personation of elector. 12.61 Officers not to change ballot. 12.62 Fraud as to nomination papers, ballots, etc. 12.63 Neglect to deliver ballots; removal of supplies. 12.64 Electioneering; marking ballot, etc. 12.65 Neglect as to special matters. 12.66 Neglect and fraud in conducting elections. 12.67 Deceiving elector. 12.68 Breaking ballot box, etc. 12.69 Fraud or neglect in canvass or return of votes. 12.70 Penalty for violations. 12.71 Election officers; additional penalty; disqualifications. 12.75 Civil process not to be served on election day. CRS-260

WYOMING

References are to Wyoming Statutes, 1973 Supplement.

A. Fraudulent Registration and Voting Registration

s 22.1-407. Registration offenses-(a) Registration offenses consist of performing any of the following acts with the intent to deceive a registration official or to subvert the registration requirements of the law or rights of a qualified elector: (i) Signing or offering to sign an application to register when not a qualified elector or to register under a false name ; (ii) Soliciting, procuring, aiding, abetting, inducing or attempting to solicit, pro- crre, aid, abet or induce a person to register under the name of any other person,. or a false name; (iii) Destroying or altering a registration record when not authorized by law ; (iv) False swearing after being challenged. (Laws 1973, ch. 231, @1.) Editor's note. - There is no subsection C.J.S. reference. -- 29 C.J.S. Elections (b) in this section as it appears in the 325, 342. printed acts.

- False Swearing 22.1-413. False swearing.-False swearing consists of taking an oath required by the election code with the knowledge that the thing or matter sworn to not true and correct. (Laws 1973, ch. 251, 1.) Voting 22.1-411. False voting.-(a) False voting consists of: (i) Voting, or offering to vote, with the knowledge of not being a qualified elector entitled to vote at the election; (ii) Voting, or offering to vote, in the name of another person or under a false name: (iii) Knowingly voting, or offering to vote,- in a precinct other than that in Which qualified to vote; (iv) Voting, or offering to vote, more than once in an election. (Laws 1973, ch. 231, 1.) Editor's note There is no subsection (b) in this section as it appears in the printed acts.

B. Campaign Financing

1. Reporting 22.1-392. Campaign expense form; statement of penditures receipts and ex- required; filing; public record. - The secretary of state shall prescribe and furnish a form for reporting expenses of primary, general and special election campaigns with instructions for completing the form. The form shall be distributed to county clerks and shall be given by the county clerk to each person F~iing an application or petition for nomination. Within 30 days after any primary, general or special election, a candidate shall prepare an itemized statement of ceipts and re- of actual and promised expenditures on the prescribed form. The statement shall be subscribed and sworn to by the candidate, and shall be filed with the o. cer with whom the candidate's application or petition for nomination Al statements was filed. are public records and subject to public inspection. (Laws 1973, ch. C.I.S. reference. - 29 C.J.S. Elections $ 1'9, CRS-261 Wyoming (continued)

22.1-393. Information required in statement of receipts and expenditures.-The itemized statement of receipts and expenditures filed by each candidate after any primary, general or special election shall set forth the full and complete record of the receipts (cash, goods or services) and of actual and promised expenditures given to or by him or to or by any other person, association. political committee or political party central committee to his knowledge, to promote his success in the election including all advertising, billboards, postage and staff expenses. Receipts, expenditures and obligations itemized in a statement filed by a political committee or by a political party central committee need not be itemized in a candidate's statement except by total with a reference to such party statement. The period of time to be covered by the report by a candidate, political committee, or political party central committee shall cover the period from January 1 prior to the election. (Laws 1973, ch. 251, 1.)

( 22.1-396. Political committee to file with secretary of state; committee treasurer required.-(a) Within 10 days of its formation, a political committee shall file with the secretary of state and with the officer where the candidate or candidates affected filed his or their application or petition for nomination, the name and mailing address of the committee and the name and residence address of the chairman and treasurer of the committee. (b) A political committee shall appoint and at al times have a treasurer to receive, keep and expend all moneys collected or disbursed for committee purposes, by the committee or any of its members. Unless a treasurer is so appointed and maintained, it is unlawful for the ouitica committee or any of its members to raise. collect. receive or expend money for any purpose for which the committee exists. (Laws 1973, ch. 251, & 1.) C.J.S. reference. - 29 C.J.S. Elections 216. 22.1-397. Records of receipts, etc., required; itemized statement; copy to candidate.-(a) The treasurer of a political committee, upon receiving or expending money, shall: (i) Immediately enter and thereafter keep in a proper book, which he shall preserve, a full itemized statement and account of each sum received or expended or obligated, the date when received or expended or obligated, the person from whom received or to whom paid or obligated and the object or purpose for which it was received, expended or obligated; (ii) .Within 20 days after each election in which he received, expended or obligated any money, file, under oath, a full itemized statement, which shall include the date of each receipt, expenditure, or obligation, the name of the person from whom received or to whom paid or obligated, and the object or purpose of the receipt, expenditure, or obligation. If there are no unpaid debts. it shall be so stated. If receipts, expenditures, or obligations were for more than one candidate, the amounts attributable to each shall be itemized separately ; (iii) Furnish a copy of the statement to any candidate for whom money was received, paid or obligated. (Laws 1973. ch. 251, 1.)

22.1-399. Where to file statement; preserved ?,s public records.- (a) A political committee suppor-ing or opposing a candidate shall file the statement of recipts, expenditures and obligations in the office where the candidate fled his appltcation or petition for nomination. A political committee suporting or opposing i:3ilot proposition small file the statement with the secretary of state. (b) The officer receiving statements of political committees shall rie and ore- serve the statements, as public records, subject to public inspection. (Laws 1973, nh. 231, 1.) d

CRS-262 Wyoming (continued)

S 22.1-400. Political party central committee chairman to file state- of each taelts; where to tile; information required, etc. - The chairman central committee for the state or county shall file a statement of opticall party special eceipts, expenditures and obligations within 20 days after a general or filed with the sec- section. The statement for the state central committees shall be shall be filed with. retary of state. The statement for the county central committee and obli- county clerk. The statement shall report all receipts, expenditures the It relating to campaign expenses including normal operating expenses. ations op- shall attribute all campaign receipts, expenses and obligations, but not normal as erating expenses, to a specific candidate in a fashion which reflects as fairly the amounts actually received, expended or obligated toward the election t possible as of each candidate. A summary of such receipts, expenditures and obligations time of hling it pertains to each candidate shall be furnished each candidate at the of his of the report. The person filing the statement shall swear that, to the best ch. knowledge and belief, it is a full, true and correct statement. (Laws 1973, 251, 1.)

2. Expenditure Limitation 22.1-389. Campaign expenditures limited. - (a) Campaign for public penditures, for identifiable expenses, by or on behalf of any candidate office are limited as follows: for the general election 'b (i) Not to exceed $2.000 for the primary, nor $2,000 the state legislature; candidates for b (ii Not to exceed $4000 for the primary, nor $4.000 for the general election candidates for county offices; election by- exceed.$300 for the primary, nor $300 for the general (iii Not to and college district offices; candidates for municipal or judicial offices, and school multiplied by the number to exceed the product of seventy-five cents (iv) Not election therefor, for the ofr rtes cast for the office which he seeks at the last general general election, by candidates for primary section nor the same amount for the statewide offices. contributions in excess 'b) No candidate for public office shall accept or expend oft the total amount permitted by this section. (Laws 1973, ch. 251, 1.)

3. Regulations on Contributions None

4. Lawful Expenditures Enumerated None

C. Political Campaign Material

re- 22.1-402. Campaign advertising in communications media; auiraments.-it is unlawful for an individual. political committee, or any central communica- committee of a political party, to pay for campaign advertising in any cam- tions medium without specifying his name or the committee sponsoring the campaign advertising paign advertising. The communications media in using the shall ;-rint or announce the name of the individual or political committee paying for the advertising. (Laws 1973, ch. 251, 1.) 22.1.403. Suppliers of campaign advertising, materials, etc.; re- person. firm, quirements.-Not later than 30 days following each election, each cam- corporation, association, or other organization or entity selling or supplying state a compaign advertising or materials for hire shall file with the secretary of name o the plete statement of the type, cost, and quantity of advertising, and the ch. 251, 1.) person or political committee paying for the advertising. (Laws 1973, CRS-263 Wyoming (continued)

D. Offenses Generally

CHAPTER 24.

CAMPAIGN Pa~cTIcES. Se-c. Sec. 22.1-389. Campaign expenditures limited. 22.1-398. Oath to be attached :o statement, 22.1-3O0. IdIentinabie expenses; exceptions. signatures required; attestatiorrr 22.1-391. Expending party funds during form. : primary election ; restrictions. 22.1-399. Where to . file statement; pre% 22.1-392. Campaign expense form; state- served as public records. ment of receipts and expendi- 22.1-400. Political party central committee tures required; ailing; public chairman to rile statements? record. where to file; information 22.1-313. Information required in statement quired. etc. of receipts and expenditures. 22.1-401. Candidate's written approval- re 22.1-394. Failure to file statement; misde- quired. meanor otfense; forfeiture of 22.1-402. Campaign- advertising in commit office. nications media; requirements 22.1-395. Political committee defined. 22.1-403. Suppliers of campaign advertising 22.1-396. Political committee to file with materials, etc.; requirements.,i secretary of state; committee 22.1-404. Campaign advertising rates. treasurer required. 22.1-405. Penalties. 22.1-397. Records of receipts, etc., required; itemized statement; copy to candidate.

CHAPTER 25. OFFENSES AND PENALTIES. Sec. Sec. 22.1-406. Felony offenses enumerated; pen- 22.1-419. Disturbing a polling place. alties. 22.1-420. Uniawiul possession of alcoholic,. 22.1-407. Registration offenses. or malt beverages. 22.1-408. Unlawful opening of ballot box. 22.1-421. Interfering with an employee'su 22.1-409. Unlawful opening of voting ma- political rights. :d chine. 22.1-422. Discharging an employee be.: 22.1-410. Unlawful possession of a key. cause of nomination for or elec. 22.1-411. False voting. tion to office. 22.1-412. Falsifying election documents. 22.1-423. Causing or attempting to cause{ 22.1-413. False swearing. a candidate to withdraw or re-2ic 22.1-414. Offering a bribe. fuse nomination or election.' 22.1-415. Accepting a bribe. 22.1-424. Violation of code by officials. 22.1-416. Intimidation. 22.1-425. Violation of code when specific 22.1-417. Misdemeanor offenses enumer- penalty not imposed. ated. '22.1-418. Electioneering too close to a poll. .W5 ing place. CRS-264

FEDERAL

References are to the United States Code, 1970 Edition, and to the

1973 Supplement thereto.

A. Fraudulent Registration or Voting

42 USC Sec. 1973(i)(c), 1970, prohibits the giving of false information as to name, address, or period of residency in a voting district for the purposes of procuring registration, or for conspiring to procure false registration or illegal vote in Federal elections.

B. Campaign Financing

L Reporting

Title .2: 433, Regstration of political committee--Statements of organization (a) Each political committee which anticipates receiving contributions or making expenditures during the calendar year in an aggregate amount exceeding $1,000 shall file with the. supervisory officer a statement of organization, within ten days after its organization or, if later, ten days after the date on which it has information which causes the committee to anticipate it will receive contributions or make expenditures in excess of $1,000. Each such committee in existence at the date of enactment of this Act shall file a statement of organization with the supervisory officer at such time as he prescribes.

Contents ef statements (b) The statement of organization shall include- (1) the name and address of the committee; (2) the names, addresses, and relationships of affiliated or connected organizations; (3) the area, scope, or jurisdiction of the committee; (4) the name, address, and position of the custodian of books and accounts; (5) the name, address, and position of other principal officers, including officers and members of the finance committee, if any; (6) the name, address, office sought, and party affiliation of (A) each candidate whom the committee is supporting, and (B) any other individual, if any, whom the committee is supporting for nomination for election, or election, to any public office whatever; or, if the committee Is supporting the entire ticket of any party, the name of the party; (7) a statement whether the committee is a continuing one; (8) the disposition of residual funds which will be made in the event of dissolution; (9) a listing of all banks, safety deposit boxes, or other repos- tories used; (10) a statement of the reports required to be filed by the committee with State or local officers, and, if so, the names, addresses. and positions of such persons; and (11) such other information as shall be required by the supervisory officer.

Iaterwiantia ebange. report (c) Any change in information previously submitted in a statement of organization shall be reported to the supervisory officer within a ten- day period following thechange.

- * Disadlag o pelUthl eeittees or etrbums d epeaditusea' belew p mmer be eianlgs attee (d) Any committee which, after having filed one or more statements of organisation, disbands or determines it will no longer receive eon- tributions 0fmake expenditures during the calendar year in an aggregate amount exeeding $1,000 shall so notify the supervisory officer. Pub.L. 92-2. Title III, 303, Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 14.

-1J CRS-265 Federal (continued)

484. Reports by political committees and candidates-Receipts and expenditures; completion date, excepton (a) Each treasurer of a political committee supporting a candidate or candidates for election to Federal office, and each candidate for election to such office, shall file with the appropriate supervisory officer reports of receipts and expenditures on forms to be prescribed or approved by him. Such reports shall be filed on the tenth day of March, June, and September, in each year, and on the fifteenth and fifth days next preceding the date on which an election is held,j and also by the thirty-first day of January. Such reports shall be complete as of such date as the supervisory officer may prescribe, which shall not be less than five days before the date of filing, except that any contribution of $5,000 or more received after the last report is filed prior to the election shall be reported within forty-eight hours after its receipt.

Contents .o reports (b) Each report under this section shall disclose--- (1) the amount of cash on hand at the beginning of the reporting period; (2) the full name and mailing address (occupation and the principal place of business, if any) of each person who has made one or more contributions to or for such committee or candidate (including the purchase of tickets for events such as dinners, luncheons, rallies, and similar fundraising events) within the calendar year in an aggregate amount or value in excess of $100, together with the amount and date of such contributions; (3) the total sum of Individual contributions made to or for such committee or candidate during the reporting period and not reported under paragraph (2); (4) the name and address odf each political committee or candidate from which the reporting committee or the candidate received, or to which. that committee or candidate made, any transfer of funds, together with the amounts and dates of all transfers; (5) each loan to or from any person within the calendar year in an aggregate amount or value in excess of $100, together with the full names and mailing addresses (occupations and the principal places of business, if any) of the lender and endorsers, if any, and the date and amount of such loans; (6) the total amount of proceeds from (A) the sale of tickets to each dinner, luncheon, rally, and other fundraising event; (B) mass collections made at such events; and (C) sales of items such as political campaign pins, buttons, badges, flags, emblems, hats, banners, literature, and similar materials; (7) each contribution, rebate, refund, or other receipt in excess of $100 not otherwise listed under paragraphs (2) through (6); (8) the total sum of all receipts by or for such committee or candidate during the reporting period; (9) the full name and mailing address (occupation and the principal place of business, if any) of each person. to whom expenditures have been made by such committee or on behalf of such committee or candidate within the calendar year in an aggregate amount or value in excess of $100, the amount, date, and purpose of each such expenditure and the name and address of, and office sought by, each candidate on whose behalf such expenditure was made; (10) the full name and mailing address (occupation and the principal place of business, if any) of each person to whom an expenditure for personal service, salaries, and reimbursed expenses in excess of $100 has been made,and which is not otherwise reported, including the amount, date, and purpose of such expenditure; (11) the total sum of expenditures made by such committee or candidate during the calendar year; (12) the amount and nature of debts and obligations owed by or to the committee, in such form as the supervisory officer may prescribe and a continuous reporting of their debts and obligations after the election at such periods as the supervisory officer may require until such debts and obligations are extinguished; and (13) such other information as shall be required by the supervisory officer.

' L LLL LL . pLJrj J JjTwjr1:jJ:i:r JT: T&JLJ1 JLLL J L 1ø tl

CRS-266 Federal (continued)

filed, but need not be cumula- which reports by political committees are tive. 16. Title III. 305, Feb. 7, 1972. 86 Stat. Pub.L. 92-225, note n- effective sixty of Pub.L. 92-225. set out as a Effective Date. Section 406 der section 431of this title. days after Feb. 7. 1972, see section

reports and statements- 438. Formal requirements respecting Verification be filed by a or statement required by this subchapter to (a) A report by any other person. of a political committee, a candidate, or treasurer of the person filing such shall be verified by the oath or affirmation officer authorized to administer report or statement, taken before any oaths.

Copys pre eevatioe - be preserved by the person A copy of a report or statement shall (b) by the supervisory officer filing it for a period of time to be designated in a published regulation.

NoneempUlaCee relief general officer may, by published regulation of (c) The supervisory of the obli- relieve any category of political committees applicability, such committee (1) to comply with section 434 of this title if gation or local office, and does not primarily supports persons seeking State not operate in more than substantially support candidateskand(2) does one State or on a statewide basis. aggregate amounts Debts, pledges, ete.; separate shedules; based upo etual payment regulations of gen- The supervisory officer shall, by published (d) which contributions and ex- eral applicability, prescribe the manner in contracts, agreements, and penditures in the nature of debts and other or expenditures shall be reported. Such promises to make contributions schedules. shall provide that they be reported in separate regulations and expenditures determining aggregate amounts of contributions In shall not be considered amounts reported as provided in such regulations until actual payment is made. 86 Stat. 16. Pub.L. 92-225, Title III, 3 306, Feb. 7, 1972, Section effectivesit ofPbL9225seouasaneu-31.this title. as a note un- Effscttve Dat. section 4 6 fder se tin day atr F 7, Reports437. financingconventionon s Each committee or other organization which- thereof, or any (1) represents a State, or a political subdivision in dealing with officials of a national political group of persons, such to matters involving a convention' held in party with respect for the office State or political subdivision to nominate a candidate of President or Vice President, or arrangements represents a national political party in making (2) a candidate for for the convention of such party held to nominate the office of President or Vice President, not following the end of the convention (but shall, within sixty days vice- prior to the date on which presidential and later than twenty days General of electors are chosen), file with the Comptroller presidential in such form States a full and complete financial statement, the United it derived- as he may prescribe, of the sources from which and detail expended. and the purposes for which such funds were its fud, 86 Stat. 16.. Pub.L. 92-225. Title III, 4 307, Feb. 7, 1972, of Pnb.L. 9225, set out as a note un- Effective Date, Section effective sixty 431 of this title. days after Feb. 7, 1972, see section 406 de section

0 CRS-267

Federal (continued)

2. Expenditure Limitations

Title 47; Communications Media:

803. Limitations of expenditures for use of communications media -Elections; primaries; Presidential primaries, regulations; "price index" and "base period" defined; publication in Federal Register: price index and voting age population estimate; spending by candidates; agents' commissions: charge of expenditures against applicable expend. turn limitations (a) (1) Subject to paragraph (4), no legally qualified candidate in an election (other than a primary or primary runoff election) for a Federal elective office may- (A) spend for the use of communications media on behalf of his candidacy In such election a total amount in excess of the greater of- (1) 10 cents multiplied by the voting age population (as certified under paragraph (5)) of the geographical area in which the election for such office is held, or (i) $50,001), or (B) spend for the use of broadcast stations on behalf of his candidacy in such election a total amount in excess of 60 per centum of the amount determined under subparagraph (A) with respect to such election. (2) No legally qualified candidate in a primary election for nomination to a Federal elective office, other than President, may spend- (A) for the use of communications media, or (B) for the use of broadcast stations, on behalf of his candidacy in such election a total amount in excess of the amounts determined under paragraph (1) (A) or (B), respectively, with respect to the general election for such office. For purposes of this subsection a primary runoff election shall be treated as a separate primary election. (3) (A) No person who is a candidate for presidential nomination may spend- (I) for the use in a State of communicaions media, or (ii) for the use in a State of broadcast stations, on behalf of his candidacy for presidential nomination a total amount in excess of the amounts which would have been determined under paragraph (1) (A) or (B), respectively, had he been a candidate for election for the office of Senator from such State (or for the office of Delegate or Resident Commissioner In the case of the District of Columbia or the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico). (B) For purposes of this paragraph (3), a person is a candidate for presidential nomination If he makes (or any other person makes on his behalf) an expenditure for the use of any communications medium on behalf of his candidacy for any political party's nomination for election to the office of President. He shall be considered to be such a candidate during the period- (I) beginning on the date on which he (or such other person) first makes such an expenditure (or. if later, January 1 of the year in which the election for the office of President is held), and (ii) ending on the date on which such political party nominates a candidate for the office of President. For purposes of this chapter and of section 315 of this title, a candidate for presidential nomination shall be considered a legally qualified candidate for public office. (C) The Comptroller General shall prescribe regulations under which any expenditure by a candidate for presidential nomination for the use in two or more States of a communications medium shall be attributed to such candidate's expenditure limitation in each such State, based on the - number of persons in such State who can reasonably be expected to be reached by such communications medium. (4) (A) For purposes of subparagraph (B): (I) The term "price index" means the average over a calendar - year of the Consumer Price Index (all items-United States city average) published monthly by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. (ii) The term "base period" means the calendar year 1970.

I min I a f

CRS-268 Federal (continued)

(B) At the beginning of each calendar year (commencing in 1972), as there becomes available necessary data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the Department of Labor, the Secretary of Labor shall certify to the Comptroller General and publish in the Federal Register the per centum difference between the price index for the 12 months preceding the beginning of such calendar year and the price index for the base period. Each amount determined under paragraph (1) (A) () and (ii)' shall be increased by such per centum difference. Each amount so increased shall be the amount in effect for such calendar year. (5) Wthin 60 days after February 7, 1972, anAd during the first week of January in 1973 and every subsequent year, the Secretary of Com- merce shall certify to the Comptroller General and publish in the Federal Register an estimate of the voting age population of each State and congressional district for the last calendar year ending before the date of certification. (6) Amounts spent for the use of communications media on behalf of any legally qualified candidate for Federal elective office (or for nomination to such office) shall, for the urposes of this subsection, be deemed to have been spent by such candidate. Amounts spent for the use of communications media by or on behalf of any legally qualified candidate for the office of Vice President of the United States shall, for the purposes of this section, be deemed to have been spent by the candidate for the office of President of the United States with whom he is running. (7) For purposes of this section and section 315(c) of this title- (A) spending and charges for the use of communications media include not only the direct charges of the media but also agents commissions allowed the agent by the media, and (B) any expenditure for the use of any communications medium by or on behalf of the candidacy of a candidate for Federal elective office (or nomination thereto) shall be charged against the expenditure limitation under this subsection applicable to the election in which such medium is used.

Charge upon eertiflestion of nonviolatiom of Federal limitations of expenditures for use of coiananleatlons media (b) No person may make any charge for the use by or on behalf of any legally qualified candidate for Federal elective office (or for nomination to such office) of any newspaper, magazine, or outdoor advertising facility, unless such candidate (or a person specifically authorized by such candidate in writing to do so) certifies in writing to the person making such charge that the payment of such charge will not violate paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of subsection (a) of this section, whichever is applicable. Pub.L. 92-225, Title 1, 1 104(a), (b), Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 5. Reference in Text. "This chapter", re- Pub.L. 92-225. set out as a note under sec- ferred to in subsec. (a) (3) iB). read in tion 431 of Title 2. The Congress. the original "this title", meaning Title I Lgislative History. For legislative his- ofPub.L. 92-225, which enacted this chap. tory and purpose of Pb.L. 92-225, see ter and amended sections 312 and 315 of 1972 U.S.Cude Cong. and Adm.News, p. this title. -- Effective Date. Section effective sixty days after Feb. 7. 1972, see section 406 of

804. Regulations The Comptroller General shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out sections 801, 802, 803(a), and 803 (b) of this title. Pub.L. 92-235, Title I, 105, Feb. 7. 1972, 86 Stat. 7. Effective Date. Section effective sixty Legislative History. For legislative his- days after Feb. 7. 1'72. see section 406 of Tory and purpose of Pub.L. U2-225, see Pub.L. 92-225, set out as a note under sec- 1972 U.S.Code Cong. and Adm.News, p. tion 431 of Title 2, The Congress. 805. Penalties for violations Whoever willfully and knowin ly violates any provision of section 802, 803(a) or 803(b) of this title orany regulation under section 804 of this title shall be punished by a fine of not more than $5,000 or by imprisonment of not more than five years, or both. Pub.L. 92-225, Title I, * 106, Feb. 7, 1972, 86 Stat. 8. CRS-269 Federal (continued) , Title 18; Personal Funds of Candidate

6608. Limitations on contributions and expenditures (a) (1) No candidate may make expenditures from his personal funds, or the personal funds of his immediate family, in connection with his campaign for nomination for election, or election, to Federal office in excess of- (A) $50,000, in the case of a candidate for the office of Presi- dent or Vice President; (B) $35,000, in the case of a candidate for the office of Senator; or (C) $26,000, in the case of a candidate for the office of Repre- sentative, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to the Congress. (2) For purposes of this subsection, "immediate family" means a candidate's spouse, and any child, parent, grandparent, brother, or sister of the candidate, and the spouses of such persons. (b) No candidate or political committee shall knowingly accept any contribution or authorize any expenditure in violation of the provisions of this section. (e) Violation of the provisions of this section is punishable by a fine not to exceed $1,000, imprisonment for not to exceed one year, or both. As amended Feb. 7, 1972, Pub.L. 92-226, Title II, I 203, 86 Stat. 9.

3. Regulations on Contributions

Title 18: a. Personal Funds of Candidate or Family

008. Limitations on contributions and expenditures (a) (1) No candidate may make expenditures from hi personal funds, or the personal funds of his immediate family, in connection with his campaign for nomination for election, or election, to Federal office in excess of- (A) $50,000, in the case of a candidate for the office of Presi- dent or Vice President; (B) $35,000, in the case of a candidate for the office of Senator; or (C) $25,000, in the case of a dmdi4ate for the office of Repre- sentative, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to the Congress. (2) For purposes of this subsection, "immediate family" means a candidate's spouse, and any child, parent, grandparent, brother, or sister of the candidate, and the spouses of such persons. (b) No candidate or political committee shall knowingly accept any contribution or authorize any expenditure in violation of the provisions of this section. (c) Violation of the provisions of this section is punishable by a fine not to exceed $1,000, imprisonment for not to exceed one yerr, or both. As amended Feb. 7, 1972. Pub.L. 92-225, Title II, 203, 86 Stat. 9. CRS-270

Federal (continued)

b. Corporations, Labor Unions

610. Contributions or expenditures by national banks, corporations or labor organizations It is unlawful for any national bank, or any corporation or- contribu- ganized by authority of any law of Congress, to make a tion or expenditure in connection with any election to any political office, or in connection with any primary election or political convention or caucus held to select candidates for any political office, or for any corporation whatever, or any labor organization to make at a contribution or expenditure in connection with any election which Presidential and Vice Presidential electors or a Senator or Representative in, or a Delegate or Resident Commissioner to Con- gress are to be voted for, or in connection with any primary election or political convention or caucus held to select candidates for any of the foregoing offices, or for any candidate, political committee, or other person to accept or receive any contribution pro- bibited by this section. Every corporation or labor organization which makes any contribution or expenditure in violation of this section shall be fined not more than $5,000; and every officer or director of any corporation, or officer of any labor organization, who consents to any contribution or expenditure by the corporation or labor organization, as the case may be, and any person who accepts or receives any con-

tribution, in violation of this section, shaff be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both; and if the violation was willful, shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned not more than two years, or both. For the purposes of this section "labor organization" means any organization of any kind, or any agency or employee representation committee or plan, in which employees participate and which exist for the purpose, in whole or in part, of dealing with employers concerning grievances, labor disputes, wages, rates of pay, hours of employment, or conditions of work. June 25, 1948, c. 645, 62 Stat. 723; May 24, 1949, c. 139, 10, 63 Stat. 90; Oct. 31, 1951, c. 655, 20 (c), 65 Stat. 718.

1973 Supplement:

610. Contributions or expenditures by national banks, corporations or labor organizations

As used in this section, the phrase "contribution or expenditure" sha'il include any direct or indirect payment, distribution, loan, advance, deposit, or gift of money, or any services, or anything of value (except a loan of money by a national or State bank made in accordance with the applicable banking laws and regulations and in the ordinary course of business) to any candidate, campaign committee, or political party or organization, in connection with any election to any of the offices referred to in this section; but shall not include communications by a corporation to its stockholders and their families or by a labor organization to its members and their families on any subject; nonpartisan registration and get-out-the-vote campaigns-by a corporation aimed at its stockholders and their families, or by a labor organization aimed at its members and their CRS-271 Federal (continued)

families; the establishment, administration, and solicitation of contributions to a separate segregated fund to be utilized for political purposes by a corporation or labor organization: Prorided, That it shall be unlawful for such a fund to make a contribution or expenditure by utilizing money or anything of value secured by physical force, job discrimination, financial reprisals, or the threat of force, job discrimination, or financial reprisal; or by dues, fees, or other monies required as a condition of membership in a labor organization or as a condition of employment, or by monies obtained in any commercial transaction. As amended Feb. 7, 1972, Pub.L. 92-225. Title IU, 5 205, 86 Stat. 10.

c. Government Contractors

811. Contributions by Government contractors Whoever- (a) entering into any contract with the United States or any department or agency thereof either for the rendition of personal services or furnishing any material, supplies, or equipment to the United States or any department or agency thereof or for selling any land or building to the United States or any department or agency thereof, if payment for the performance of such contract or payment for such material, supplies, equipment, land, or building is to be made in whole or in part from funds appropriated by the Congress, at any time between the commencement of negotiations for and the later of (1) the completion of performance under, or (2) the termination of negotiations for, such contract or furnishing of material, supplies, equipment, land or buildings, directly or indirectly makes any contribution of money or other thing of value, or promises expressly or impliedly to make any such contribution, to any political party, committee, or candidate for public office or to any person for any political purpose or use; or (b) knowingly solicits atny such contribution from any such person for any such purpose during any such period; shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both. As amended Feb. 7, 1972, Pub.L. 92-225, Title II, 206, 86 Stat, 10,

d. Agents of Foreign Principals

0 618. Contributions by agents of foreign principals Whoever, being an agent of a foreign principal, directly or through any other person, either for or on behalf of such foreign principal or otherwise in his capacity as agent of such foreign principal, knowingly makes any contribution of money or other thing of value, or Promises expressly or impliedly to make any such cutribution, in connection with an election to any political office or in connection with any primary election, convention, or caucus held to select candidates for any political office; or

Whoever knowingly solicits, accepts, or receives any such contrbu- Lion from any such agent of a foreign principal or from such foreign principal-- Shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than five years or both. As used in this section-- (1) The term "foreign principal" has the same meaning as when used in the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended, except that such term does not include any person who is a citizen of the United Stats. CRS-272 Federal (continued)

e. Federal employees

607. Making political contributions Whoever, being an officer, clerk, or other person in the service of the United States or any department or agency thereof, directly or indirectly gives or hands over to any other officer, clerk, or person in the service of the United States, or to any Senator or Member of or Delegate to Congress, or Resident Commissioner, any ,Jzaoney or other valuable thing on account.o or to be applied to the promotion of .any. political object, shall be fined not more than -$5,000 or imprisoned not more than three years, or both. June 25, 148, c..645, 62 Stat. 722.

602. Solicitation of political contributions Whoever, being a Senator or Representative in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to, or a candidate for Congress, or individual elected as, Senator, Representative, Delegate, or Resident Com- missioner, or an officer or employee of the United States or any 'department or agency thereof, or a person receiving any salary or compensation for services from money derived from the Treasury of the United States, directly or indirectly solicits, receives, or is in any manner concerned in soliciting or receiving, any assessment, subscription, or contribution for any political purpose whatever, from any other such officer, employee,'or person, shall be fined not more than $5,000 or imprisoned not more than three years or both.

f. Persons on Relief

. 6Q4.. .Bolicitation from persons on relief Whoever solicits or receives or is in any manner concerned in soliciting or receiving any assessment, subscription, or contribution for any political purpose from any person known by him to be entitled to, or receiving compensation,'employment, or other benefit provided for or made possible by any Act of Congress appropriating funds for work relief or relief purposes, shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. June 25, 1948, c. 645, 62 Stat..722.

.40 Lawful Expenditures Enumerated None

IS CRS-273 Federal (continued)

C. Politicial Campaign Material

012. Publication or distribution of political statements Whoever willfully publishes or distributes or causes to be published or distributed, or for the purpose of publishing or distributing the same, knowingly deposits for mailing or delivery or causes to be deposited for mailing or delivery, or, except in cases of employees of'the Postal Service in the official discharge of their duties, knowingly transports or causes to be transported in interstate commerce any card, pamphlet, circular, poster, dodger, advertisement, writing, or other statement relating to or concerning.any person who has publicly declared his intention to seek the office of President, or Vice President of the United States, or Senator or Representative in, or Delegate or Resident Commissioner to Congress, in a primary, general, or special election, or convention of a political party, or has caused or permitted his intention to do so to be publicly declared, which does not contain the names of the persons, associations, committees, or corporations responsible for the pub- ltcation or distribution of the same, and the names of the officers of each such association, committee, or corporation, shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. As amended Aug. 12, 1970, Pub.L. 91-375, ; 6(j) (7), 84 Stat. 777.

D. Offenses Generally

Title. 18: Crimes

CHAPTER 29-ELECTIONS AND POLITICAL ACTIVITIES Sec. 591. Definitions. 592. Troops at polls. 593. Interference by armed forces. 594. Intimidation of voters. 595. Interference by administrative employees of Federal, State, or Territorial Governments. 596. Polling armed forces. 597. Expenditures to influence voting. 598. Coercion by means of relief appropriations. .599. Promise of appointment by candidate. 600. Promise of employment or other benefit for political activity. 601. Deprivation of employment or other benefit. for political activity. 602. Solicitation of political contributions. 603. Place of solicitation. 604. Solicitation from persons on relief. 805. Disclosure of names of persons on relief. 606. Intimidation to secure political contributions. 607. Making political contributions. 608. Limitations on political contributions and purchases. 609. Maximum contributions and expenditures. 610. Contributions or expenditures by national banks, corporations or labor organizations. 611. Contributions by firms or individuals contracting with the United States. 612. Publication or distribution of political statements. 41 CRS-2714

Federal (continued)

1973 Supplement:

CHAPTER 29.-ELECTIONS AND POLITICAL ACTIVITIES

Sec. Sec. 608. Limitations on contributions and ex- 613. Contributions by agents of foreign penditures. principals. 609. Repealed. 611. Contributions by Government contractors. 19:2 Amendment. Pub.L. 92 225. Title contractors" for "firms or individuals II. I 27(i)-il. Fel. 7. 14972. Sd Star. 11. contracting with the United States" in substituted "contributions and ex'petidi- item t ii. ture," for " olitical contribution and 1!h;6 Amendment. Puh.L. 89-48(. . 8(e) purely tea" in i mIi60S.. li-iealed ' for 1. Juily 4, 15961. S0 Stat. 249. added item 'Maximun contributons and exliendi- 613. tures" in item W1.), and "Government

Title 2; Disclosure and Reporting

CHAPTER 14-FEDERAL ELECTION CAMPAIGNS [NEW] SUliChAPTER I.-DISCLOSURE OF Sec. FEIhRAL CAMPAIGN FUNDS (6) Current list of candidate statements; com- pilation and mainte- 431. Definitions. nance. 1l. Organization of political committees. (7) Annual report; com- (a) Chairman: treasurer: vacan- pilations of data. cies; official authorizations. (8) Special reports; com- (b) Account of contributions; parisons. segregated funds. (9) Other reports. (c) Recordkeeping. (10) Dissemination of in- (d) Iteceipts; preservation. formation. (e) Unauthorized activities; no- (11) Audits; investigations. tice. (12) Enforcement authori- (f) Funds solicitation, notice; an- ties; reports of vio- nual report, copies. lations. 433. Registration of political committees. (13) Rules and regulations. (a) Statements of organization. (b) Federal and State fiing of (b) Contents of statements. reports; procedures for (c) Information changes; report. Federal copies in satisfac- (d) Disbanding of political com- tion of State requirements to mittees or contributions and eliminate multiple filings. expenditures below prescrib- (c) Comptroller General; duties: ed ceiling: notice. national clearinghouse for 434. Reports by olitical committees and information; studies, scope. publication, copies to gen- (a) Receipts and expenditures; eral public at cost. completion date, exception. (d) (1) Violations; complaint; in. (b) Contents of reports. vestigation; notice and (c) Cumulative reports for calen- hearing; Federal civil dar year; amounts for un- action for injunction. changed items carried for- restraining order, or ward; statement of inactive other appropriate order; status. venue; bond. 43d. Reports by others than political (2) Subpenas. committees. (3) Court of appeals; time for 43d Formal requirements respecting re- petition for review. ports and statements. (4) Finality of appellate judg- (a) Verification. ment; review by Su- (b) Copy; preservation. preme Court. (c) Noncompliance relief. (5) Docket- advancement and (d) Debts, pledges. etc.: se p- priorities. arate schedules; aggregate 4M. Statements filed with State officers. amounts based upon actual (a) "Appropriate State" defined. payment. (b) Duties of State officers. 437. Reports on convention financing. 440. Prohibition of contributions in name 438. Administrative and judicial provi- of another. sions. 441. Penalties for violations. (a) Supervisory officers; duties. 442. Authority to procure technical sup- (1) Forms. port and other services and incur (2) Manual for uniform travel expenses; payment of such bookkeeping and re- expenses. porting methods. (3) Filing, coding, and SUBCE10 1'R II-OENRRAL PRO- cross-indexing sys- VISIONS tem. 451. Extension of credit by regulated (4) Public inspection; cop- industries; regulations. ies; sale or use re- 452. Prohibition against use of certain strictions. Federal funds for election activi- (5) Preservation of reports ties; definitions. and statements. 453. State laws not affected. 44. Partial invalidity. A

% "m .- I- -1--l- - - . '. 7". --- '.- -- -l- " - I- - - I - . - I I I ------"- - - -, - . - I I -- 11 1 pool" CRS- 2 75

Federal (continued)

Title 142; Voting Rights Act

Chapter 20.-ELECTIVE FRANCHISE SUBCHAPTER I.-GENERALLY Sec. 1971. Voting rights. (a) Race, color, or previous condition not to affect right to vote; uniform standards for voting qualifications; errors or emissions from papers; literacy tests; agreements between Attorney General and State or local authorities; definitions. (b) Intimidation, threats, or coercion. (c) Preventive relief; injunction; rebuttable literacy presumption; liability of United States for coats; State as party defendant. (d) Jurisdiction; exhaustion of other remedies. (e) Order qualifying person to vote; application; hearing; voting referees; transmittal of report and order; certificate of qualification; definitions. (f) Contempt; assignment of counsel; witnesses. (g) Three-judge district court: hearing, determination. expedition of action, review by Supreme Court: single-judge district court: hearing, determination, expedition of action. 1972. Interference with freedom of elections. SUBCHAPTER I-A.-ENFORCEMENT OF VOTING RIGHTS 1973. Denial or abridgement of right to vote on account of race or color through voting qualifications or prerequisites. 1973a. Proceeding to enforce the right to vote. (a) Authorization by court for appointment of federal examiners. (b) Suspension of use of tests and devices which deny or abridge the right to vote. (c) Retention of jurisdiction to prevent commencement of new devices to deny or abridge the right to vote. . 1973b. Suspension of the use of tests or devices in determining eligibility to vote. (a) Action by state or political subdivision for declaratory judgment of no denial or abridgement; three-judge district court; appeal to Supreme Court; retention of jurisdiction by three-judge court. (b) Required factual determinations necessary to allow suspension of compliance with tests and devices: publication in Federal Reg- ister.

Sec. 1973b. Suspension of the use of tests or devices in determining eligibility to vote.-Continued (c) Definition of test or device. (d) Required frequency, continuation and prob. able recurrence of incidents of denial or abridgement to constitute forbidden use of tests or devices. (e) Completion of requisite grade level of edt- cation in American-flag schools in which the predominant classroom language was other than English. 1973c. Alteration of voting qualifications and procedures; action by state or political subdivision for de. claratory judgment of no denial or abridgement of voting rights; three-judge district court; ap' peal to Supreme Court. 1973d. Federajvoting examiners; appointment. s

m lop, p CRS-276

Federal (continued)

1973e. Examination of applicants for registration. (a) Form of application; requisite allegation of non-registration. (b) Placement of eligible voters on official lists; transmittal of lists. (c) Certificate of eligibility. (d) Removal of names from list by examiners. 1973f. Observers at elections; assignment; duties; reports. 1973g. Challenges to eligibility listings. (a) Filing of challenge; supplementary affidavits; service upon person challenged; hearing: review. (b) Rules and regulations by Civil Service Com- mission. (c) Subpena power of Civil Service Commission; contempt. 1973h. Poll taxes. (a) Congressional findings and declaration of policy against enforced payment of poll taxes as a device to impair voting rights. (b) Authority of Attorney General to institute actions for relief against enforcement of poll tax regltirement. (c) Jurisdiction of three-judge district courts; appeal to Supreme Court. (d) Post-payment of poll taxes in the event of a judicial declaration of constitutionality. 19731. Prohibited acts. (a) Failure or refusal to permit casting or tabulation of vote. (b) Intimidation, threats, or coercion. (c) False information in registering or voting; penalties. (d) Falsification or concealment of material facts or giving of false statements in matters within jurisdiction of examiners or hearing oficers: penalties. 1973j. Same; civil and criminal sanctions. (a) Depriving or attempting to deprive persons of secured rights. (b) Destroying, defacing, mutilating, or altering ballots or official voting records. (o) Conspiring to violate or interfere with secured rights. (d) Civil action by Attorney General for preventive relief; injunctive and other relief. (e) Proceeding by Attorney General to enforce the counting of ballots of registered and eligible persons who are prevented from voting. (f' Jurisdiction of district courts; exhaustion of administrative or other remedies unnecessary. 1973k. Termination of listing procedures: basis for termination: survey or census by Director of the Census. 19731. Enforcement proceedings. (a) Criininal contempt. (b) Jurisdiction of courts for declaratory judgment, restraining orders, or temporary or permanent injunction. (c) Definitions. (d) Subpenas.

a CRS-277

Federal (continued)

Se: 19730. Study by Attorney General and Secretary of De- fense of discriminatory practices affecting voting 'rights of Armed Forces personnel. 1973n. Impairment of voting rigI.ts of persons holding current regitration. ? 19730. Authorization of appropriations. 1973p. Separability of provisions.

StUCKAPTER I-B.-SUPPLEMENTAL PROVISIONS 1973aa. Application of prohibition to other States: definition of "test or device". 1973a-1. Residence requirements for voting. (a) Congressional findings. (b) Congressional declaration: duratid'nal readency requirement, abolishment; absentee registration and balloting standards, establishment. (c) Prohibition of denial of right to vote because of durational residency requirement or absentee balloting. (d) Registration: time for application; absentee balloting: time of application and return of ballots. (e) Change of residence; voting in person or by absentee ballot. in State of prior residence. (f) Absentee registration requirement. (g) State or local adoption of less restrictive voting practices. (h) Defnition of "State". (1) NaIke registration. and other fraudulent acts and conspiracies: application of penalty for false inormation in registering or voting. 1973sa. Judicial relief; civil actions by the Attorney General; three-judge district court; appeal to Supreme Court. 1973aa& Penalty. 1973aa-. separabilty of provisions. SUBCHAPTER' I-0.-REDUCING VOTING . AGE TO EIGHTEEN IN EDERAL. STATE. AND LOCAL ELECTIONS 197bb. Congressional declaration and findings; prohibition of denial of right to vote because of age. 2973bb-1. Prohibition of denial of right to vote because of age. 1979bb-3. 3liforcement (a) Civil actions by the Attorney General: jurisdiction; three-judge district court; appeal to Supreme Court; expedition of oases. (b) Penalty. 1973bb-3. Definition of "State". 1971bb-4. Effective date.

SUBCAPTER a.- FEDERAL ELECTION RECORDS 1914. Retention and preservation of records and papers by officers of elections; deposit with custodian; penalty for violation. 1974a. Theft, destruction, concealment, mutilation, or alteration of records or papers; penalties. 1974b. Demand for records or papers by Attorney Gen- eral or representative; statement of basis and purpose. 1974c. Disclosure of records or papers. 1974d. Jurisdiction to compel production of records or paper. 1974e. Deluitos. CRS-278

Federal (continued)

19731. Prohibited acts. (a) Failure or refusal to permit casting or tabulation of vote. No person acting under color of law shall fail or refuse to permit any person to vote who is entitled to vote under any provision of this subchapter or is otherwise qualified to vote, or willfully fal or refuse to tabulate. count, and report such person's vote. (b) Intimidation, threats, or coercion. No person, whether acting under color of law or otherwise, shall intimidate, threaten, or coerce, or attempt to intimidate, threaten, or coerce any person for voting or attempting to vote, or intimidate, threaten, or coerce, or attempt to intimidate, threaten, or coerce any person for urging or aiding any person to vote or attempt to vote, or intimidate, threaten, or coerce any person for exercising any powers or duties under section 1973a(a), 1973d, 1973f, 1973g. 1973h or 1973j(e) of this title. (c) False information in registering or voting; penalties. Whoever knowingly or willfully gives false information as to his name, address or period of residence in the voting district for the purpose of establishing his eigibility to register or vote, or conspires with another individual for the purpose of encouraging his false registration to vwte or illegal voting, or pays or offers to pay or accepts payment either for registration to vote or for voting shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned not more than Ave years, or both: Provided, however, That this provision shall be applicable only to general. special, or primary elections held solely or In part for the purpose of selecting or electing any candidate for the ofce of President, Vice President, presidential elector, Member of the United States Senate. Member of the United States House of Representa- tives, Delegate from the District of Columbia, or Resident Commissioner of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. (d) Falsification or concealment of material facts or giving of false statements in matters within jurisdiction of examiners or hearing officers; penalties. Whoever, in any matter within the jurisdiction of an examiner or hearing ofcer knowingly and willfully falsifies or conceals a material fact, or makes any false, fictitious, or fraudulent statements or representations, or makes or uses any false writing or document knowing the same to contain any false, fictitious, or fraudulent statement or entry, shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned not more than five years, or both. (Pub. L. 89-110, title I, f 11, Aug. 6, 1965, 79 Stat. 443; Pub. L. 91-405. title aX, 1204(e), Sept. 22, 1970, 84 Stat. 853.)

4 CRS-279

Federal (continued) 1973j. Same; civil and criminal sanctions. (a) Depriving or attempting to deprive persons of secured rights. Whoever shall deprive or attempt to deprive any person of any right secured by section 1973, 1973a, 1973b, 1973c, 1573e, or 1973h of this title or shall violate section 19731(a) of this title, shall be fined not more than $5,000, or imprisoned not more than five years, or both.

(b) Destroying, defacing. mutilating, or altering bal. lots or official voting records. Whoever, within a year following an election in a political subdivision in which an examiner has been appointed (1) destroys, defaces, mutilates, or otherwise alters the marking cf a paper ballot which has been cast In such election, or (2) alters any official record of voting in such election tabulated from a voting machine or otherwise, shall be fined not more than $5,000, or imprisoned not more than rive years, or both. (c) Conspiring to violate or interfere with secured rights. Whoever conspires to violate the provisions of subsection (a) or (b) of this section, or interferes with any right secured by section 1973, 1973a, 1973b, 1973c, 1973e, 1973h, or 19731(a) of this title shall be fined not more than $5,000, or imprisoned not more than five years, or both. (d) Civil action by Attorney General for preventive relief; injunctive and oher relief. Whenever any person has engaged or there are reasonable grounds to believe that any person is about to engage in any act or practice prohibited by section 1973, 1973a, 1973b, 1973c, 1973e, 1973h, 19731, or subsection (b) of this section, the Attorney General may Institute for the United States, or in the name pf the United States, an action for preventive reliefIncluding an application for a temporary or permanent injunction, restraining order, or other order, and Including an order directed to the State and State or local election officials to require them (1) to permit persons listed under this subchapter to vote and (2) to count such votes. (e) Proceeding by Attorney General to enforce the counting of ballots of registered and eligible persons who are prevented from voting. Whenever In any political subdivision in which there are examiners appointed pursuant to this subchapter any persons allege to such an examiner within forty-eight hours after the closing of the polls that notwthstanding (1) their listing under this subchapter or registration by an appropriate election official and (2) their eligibility to vote, they have not been permitted to vote in such election, the examiner shall forthwith notify the Attorney General if such allegations In his opinion appear to be well founded. Upon receipt of such notification, the Attorney General may forthwith file with the district court an application for an order providing for the marking, casting, and counting of the ballots of such persona and requiring the inclusion of their votes in the total vote before the results of such election shall be deemed final and any force or effect given thereto. The district court shall hear and determine such matters immediately after " Pthe filing of such application. The remedy provided in this subsection shall not preclude any remedy available under State or Federal law.

} CBS-280 Federal (continued)

(f) Jurisdiction of district courts; exhaustion of administrative or other remedies unnecessary. The district courts of the United States shall have jurisdiction of proceedings instituted pursuant to this section and shall exercise the same wi thout regard to whether a person asserting rights under the provisions of this subchapter shall have exhaust- - ed any administrative or other remedies that may be provided by law. (Pub. L. 89-110, title I. 5 12, Aug. 6, 1965. 79 Stat. 443; Pub. L. 90-284, title I, 103(c), Apr. 11. 1966,82 Stat. 75.)