Summer in the Urals Pyotr Filippovich Ushakov is 95!

You have lakes of kindness in your eyes ... The Buildings of Cathedral Square

HEALTHY Body, Healthy mind First day of school

Friendship

Editor-in-chief : Elena V. Vatoropina 624021, Russia, Sverdlovsk region, Designers : Olga Vaganova Sysert, Novyi District, 25 Web: школа1-сысерть.рф Photographers : Maria A. Udintseva, Bruce Bertrand, Ilia D. http://friendship1.ksdk.ru/ Krivonogov, Anton S. Sharapov, Vadim Lebedev Е-mail: [email protected] Correspondents : Maria Kucheryavaya, Bruce Bertrand, Vasilina Starkova, Alexandr Buzuev, Vladislav Surin

Magazine for young learners who love English and want to know it

Summer is a small life ….....…...... 4 Summer in the Urals .……………………………………...…. 4 Krimea - 2020 ..……………………………………………...…. 4

Travelling around Russia ……………………...... 5 My trip to the South of Russia ………………………...…. 5

Our Compatriots ……………..………………....….. 7 Pyotr Filippovich Ushakov is 95! ………..………...... 7

We are for healthy lifestyle! ………...……....…. 8 An annual holiday for tourists ..………...……….…….... 8

School Life ………….………………………….……… 10 You have lakes of kindness in your eyes ………..…….. 10 Happy Teacher’s Day! My favourite teacher …...... 11 Healthy body, healthy mind! ………………...….………… 12 Unusual History lessons …………………………………….. 13

Our guests …………....…………………………...….. 14 Interesting Places of Moscow: The Buildings of Cathedral Square ………………………………………….…... 14

Discussion Club ………….………………………..... 17 Is graffiti an art form? ……………………………………... 17 School uniform: for and against …..…..……..…………. 17

Keep up your English! ………….....……...……... 18 Introductory words and phrases …………………….…… 18 The world’s tourist attractions ………………………….. 18

Our Translations ………………………..……...... 19 Why do we get obsessed with TV characters? …..……. 19

Crossword …………………………………...……...... 20 British vs American …………………………...…………...…. 20

3 Friendship № 17 September - October 2020 Summer is a small life

Summer in the Urals This summer was unusual because I recommend this type of spending coronavirus spoiled everything and holidays because if you don’t travel we didn’t have any trips. I spent my far from your native place you start summer holidays with my grand- exploring your own region. It’s not parents. We spent most of our time less exciting than exploring other in the garden. The weather was hot countries. There are so many inter- and sunny. The temperature of air esting places in the Urals and our was up to +40°C. It was quite hard nature is beautiful! to work there but the result was In conclusion, I’d like to say that very tasty)) Sometimes my grandpa this summer was good for me in let me drive his ZHIGULI. It was spite of the fact that not everyone exciting and I can’t wait to buy my liked it. own car. Vladislav Surin, 10A

Crimea - 2020 A trip to Crimea was a big question ple’s hands. for my family due to the pandemic. I was at the parade in Sevastopol. It But we took a chance and on July 3 was devoted to the Day of the Rus- we safely passed the Crimean sian Navy. It is a national holiday Bridge. in the Russian Federation and a There were no usual entertainments senior holiday in the Russian and so it was the right decision for Armed Forces. The day honors the us to travel to different places sailors in units of the Russian Na- along the coast where we could be vy and its specialized arms. It is surprised by something. Moreover celebrated annually, on the last there were no problems with hous- Sunday of July. The modern fighter ing because we were one planes performed the most difficult of the first vacationers at stunts and it caused delight. the sea. Everything was But the most exciting event for me pleasing: the season of was the cable car trip to the moun- cherries and strawberries tains. Ai-Petri is a peak in the Cri- and the long-awaited hot mean Mountains. The name has weather and fresh sea air Greek origin, and is translated as and gentle waves of the St. Peter. That was a mesmerizing sea. feeling from the strength and beau- Nature had time to rest ty of nature where you feel small and renew itself. I had and defenseless. After the cable car never seen such a huge we climbed for a long time. What horde of jellyfish in my extremes did we meet on the life. It was a jellyfish mountain? We could stand on the cocktail! I was afraid to edge of a chasm and look down, swim because these crea- walk a wobbly bridge over a gorge tures were everywhere or take an extreme solo descent and they were the masters down from the mountain. If my of the sea. parents had allowed me to do that I I happened to see graceful would hardly have dared. These are swans in the Swan Lake my impressions of my vacation in in Yevpatoria. They were Crimea this year. not at all afraid of people Vasilina Starkova, 7C and took food from peo-

4 Friendship № 17 September - October 2020 Travelling around Russia

My trip to the South of Russia

During my holidays, I went to Hero City Volgograd with my family. My grandparents live in Volgograd. We went to the monument «The Motherland Calls». Then we went to Astrakhan, one of the oldest economic and cul- tural centers of the Lower Vol- ga. It is often called the south- ernmost outpost of Russia and the Caspian capital. The weather was hot and sunny. Every morn- The Motherland Calls is the com- ing we went fishing and caught positional centre of the monument- huge walleyes and carps. ensemble «Heroes of the Battle of Some days later we went to Kis- Stalingrad» on Mamayev Kurgan lovodsk, a spa city in Stavropol in Volgograd. It was designed by Krai, in the North Caucasus re- sculptor Yevgeny Vuchetich and gion which is located between structural engineer Nikolai Nikitin, the Black and Caspian Seas. and declared the tallest statue in It was in Kislovodsk that I con- the world in 1967. It is the tallest quered my first peak at altitude statue in Europe and the tallest of 1200 meters above sea level. statue (excluding pedestals) of a We climbed the mountain Kras- woman in the world. noe Solnishko and saw Mount The statue is an 85-metre figure of Elbrus from it. a woman stepping forward with a Then we went to the village of raised sword. The statue is an al- Divnomorskoe. It is at the Black legorical image of the Motherland, Sea. The most amazing things I which calls on its sons and daugh- remember were an Old Park and ters to repulse the enemy and re- a ship washed up on the beach. turn to the attack. The Motherland The Old Park turned out to be a Calls is highly complex from an miniature of many ancient at- engineering point of view, due to tractions: the Egyptian pyra- its characteristic posture with a mids, the statue of the Sphinx, sword raised high in the right hand etc. My summer trip was unfor- and the left hand extended in a gettable! calling gesture. At night, the sculp- I love my country. It is so differ- ture is illuminated by floodlights. It ent and beautiful! There are so was specially illuminated as part of many interesting places in it to a light show titled «The Light of the visit! Great Victory», marking the victory Vadim Lebedev, 7A over Nazi Germany. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

5 Friendship № 17 September - October 2020 Travelling around Russia

This summer I went to Vityazevo. One day we went to the waterfalls It is situated at the Black Sea not of Kwaho in Gelendzhik. The wa- far from Anapa. We got there by terfalls of Kwaho are located at plane. 900 meters above sea level. The The weather was hot and sunny. water in the waterfalls was crystal The water in the sea was clean clear and very cold. There were and warm. Sometimes it rained. many little springs with mineral We liked when it rained, because water there. it made the air very fresh. We I liked Vityazevo and Gelendzhik swam in the sea and got sunburnt very much. I will definitely go every day. We often ate ice there again one day. cream. There were so many types Alexander Buzuev, 7A of ice cream in Vityazevo! I adore ice cream!

Lake Baikal Iriklinsky Reservoir. Orenburg region

I think every student likes hol- plane because it would give us fishing on the lake. By the end idays best of all and waits for more time to rest. It was July of our exciting trip I had made them as I do! I would like to that is why the weather was many photos of picturesque tell you about my holidays. generally warm and calm but landscapes and bought some Frankly speaking I spent most some days a strong wind was souvenirs for relatives and of my summer holidays cy- blowing. During one week we friends. All of us liked that cling and walking around the visited some famous places trip very much. So I recom- city. and ate the local food – omul mend everyone go there and One day I went to Lake Baikal fish. Some of the dishes were enjoy Russian nature! with my parents. It was a unusual but really delicious. Alexander Kirillov, 10A great trip! We went there by We also had a little voyage

6 Friendship № 17 September - October 2020 Our Compatriots

Pyotr Filippovich Ushakov is 95!

Pyotr Filippovich Ushakov is winter offensives previously, a veteran of the Great Patri- their counter-offensives af- otic War and our country- ter the German attack at man. Kursk were their first suc- P.F. Ushakov was born on cessful summer offensives September 25, 1925 in Sys- of the war. ert. In 1942, Pyotr Filippo- P.F. Ushakov participated in vich was sent to the front. In the liberation of the Baltic July 1943, he took part in States, Poland, Belorussia, the battles on the Kursk Denmark, Germany and oth- Bulge. er countries. The Battle of Kursk was the The war ended for him on final strategic offensive that the German-Danish border the Germans were able to in May 1945, but his service launch on the Eastern Front. continued. He built military of Warsaw» and others. He The battle was the first time camps in Germany, and got six grateful letters from in the Second World War trained soldiers. He returned Supreme Commander-in- that a German strategic of- home in March 1948. Chief I.V. Stalin. fensive was halted before it He was awarded two medals One of the streets in the could break through enemy «For Courage», the medals Northern village of Sysert defences and penetrate to its «For the Capture of Konigs- will soon be named after Py- strategic depths. Though the berg», «For the Capture of otr Filippovich Ushakov, our Red Army had succeeded in Berlin», «For the Liberation compatriot.

On September 25, the pupils of the 4«С» class together with their class leader Galina Vic- torovna Tarhanova congratulated the veteran on his birthday.

They gave him flowers. Boys and girls recited poems and sang songs about the war. Then Pyotr Filippovich together with his guests had tea and tasty cake. Pyotr Filippovich told the children about the feats of Russian soldiers during the war. The veteran showed the schoolchildren his awards and photos of the war. We are proud of our heroes!

7 Friendship № 17 September - October 2020 We are for healthy lifestyle!

An annual holiday for tourists

On September 27, the tourist base "Silver Hoof" hosted a tourist meeting of educational workers of the Sysert city district. The team of our school took part in different sport competi- tions and performed brilliantly. The teachers had to overcome many challenges. They competed in differ- ent skills. They set up tents, deter- mined minerals, plants and azimuth, knitted the complex knots, kindled a fire and boiled water. It was an exciting spectacle for all participants!

8 Friendship № 17 September - October 2020 We are for healthy lifestyle!

Our Results:  Overall standings in sports disciplines – 1st place st  Tourist photography contest – 1 place st  Tourist knots competition – 1 place nd  Race on catamarans – 2 place nd  Walking distance – 2 place nd  Photo essay – 2 place rd  Sport orienteering – 3 place  Contest of tourist reports on the hike – 3rd place

In the overall standings, our school team took the 2nd place out of 11 teams!

Maria A. Udintseva, team captain Evgeniya Yu. Bikova Tatiana A. Enikeeva Mikhail N. Zagvozdkin Vladimir V. Lyukhanov Anton S. Sharapov Ilia D. Krivonogov

They helped us to win!

Our chefs: Natalia S. Sedinkina, Irina S. Kornilova, Anna E. Kolyasnikova

Creative team: Svetlana Y. Tashlykova, Nina D. Konovalova, Svetlana G. Krivonogova

Well done!!! We are proud of our sporty teachers!

9 Friendship № 17 September - October 2020

School Life School Life

TEACHER’S H A DAY ! P P Y

10 Friendship № 17 September - October 2020 https://youtu.be/OxmcCx-N-nY School Life School Life

My favourite teacher

Now I'm the pupil of There are many good 5th form. Every day, teachers in our when I come to school, but every stu- school, I remember dent has their own my first teacher. Na- favorites. My favorite talia Sergeevna teachers are Tatiana Sedinkina is amazing: Yurievna and Elena kind and strict, seri- Yakovlevna. Tatyana ous and funny, gentle Yurievna teaches us and demanding. Na- Computer Science talya Sergeevna taught me a lot: not to be lazy, and Mathematics. She is a very patient person to believe in myself, to strive to learn new and never refuses to help with an explanation things, not to be afraid of difficulties. It was of the topic. Elena Yakovlevna is our Biology very sad to say goodbye to her after finishing teacher. Tatiana Yurievna and Elena Ya- elementary school. But thanks to what Natalya kovlevna explain the material very clearly and Sergeevna taught me, I will definitely cope do not let us get bored in the classroom. Their with all the tasks perfectly. I will do it because lessons are very interesting. It is thanks to I want my first and most beloved teacher to be them that these subjects do not seem so diffi- proud of me. She will be in my heart forever! cult to me. Daria Yakunina, 5A Tatiana Yurievna is our class teacher. We often spend free time together. During the holidays we like to go to the theater and to the cinema, excursions and museums. We often go on hikes around Sysert. We love our teachers! Maria Kucheryavaya, 7D

11 Friendship № 17 September - October 2020 Project work. The 6th grade students are at the History lesson.

School Life

Healthy body, healthy mind

If you are strong in health, you will be able to learn well, to have an in- teresting hobby, to spend free time with your friends, to travel much, to achieve the goals you dream. As a result you will be able to become a really successful person. The students and the teachers of our school really love sport! Every year in September and October when the weather is still good we have many sports events. On September 12, a StreetBall Tournament among the teams of Sysert took place. In the older age group, four teams fought. The team «Saturn» took the 1st place. In the Three-Point Contest, we tested the accuracy and stability of the throw, as well as psychological stability of young sports- men. The results were the following: 1st place - Yuri Permyakov 2nd place - Alexander Stikhin 3rd place - Ivan Belokon

On September 13, the students from 2-11 grades, their parents and teachers took part in the Mass Walk «Bazhov Mile». Partici- pants were given maps of the route and local history information, which meant that the journey would not only be useful but also interesting and informative. Eve- rybody had a good time during the walk!

On September 18, the students of 5-11 classes took part in the «Race of the Strongest». It was held within the framework of the «Cross of the Nation – 2020» competi- tion. It was the All-Russian Day of Running. Arseny Anchugov, Maria Khramtsova, Kirill Golubev, Victoria Ibatulina, and Alina Mukhametshina became the winners. Unusual sports competitions are often orga- nized by our PE teachers Mikhail Nikolaevich Zagvozdkin, Ilia Dmitrievich Krivonogov, Svetlana Georgievna Krivonogova, Tatiana Anatolievna Enikeeva, and Liana Gennadievna Kayumova. On October 2, 9 teams from 7-11 classes took part in the «Race of Heroes». The participants had to complete some difficult tests: running 250 meters, «Swamp», climbing a mountain, walking, crawling under tight ropes and shoot- ing with an air rifle. Students also had to find a «hidden treasure» on the territory of the school. It was cool! The teams from 11A and 7C clas- ses took the 1st place in the Race. Thanks to our young sportsmen for actively participating in sports events!

Many thanks to our physical education teachers for their creativity, patience,12 Friendshipsupport, and № love 17 of September sports! - October 2020 Project work. The 6th grade students are at the History lesson.

School Life

Unusual History Lessons

Our History teacher Anton Sergeevich Sharapov does all his best to motivate his students and to make them interested in History.

The teacher's pedagogical style is distinguished by a creative approach based on a deep knowledge and understanding of the age and psychological characteristics of students, and the use of modern educational technologies. Anton Ser- geevich conducts extensive work with students during the lessons and extracurricular ac- tivities. At the History lesson. Creative The use of modern educational project «The Medieval Church» technologies (Project Method, Collaboration and Communi- cation Technologies, etc.) in teaching is one of the most im- portant aspects of improving the educational process. It in- creases its practical orientation, develops the intellectual and creative abilities of students, and helps to increase the moti- vation of students in the educa- tional process. School Chess Club. Kahoot is a relatively new service for creating We like playing chess! online quizzes, tests and surveys. This re- source was used in the History lessons in 6-7th grades. The students re- ally enjoyed competing with each other and at the same time taking the test. After such a test, many children are waiting for the following test as for a holiday!) Anton Sergeevich is a chess player. He is the head of the school Chess At the History lesson. Creative Club. If you want to become a good chess player, you need to have project «The Medieval Town» good logical thinking, memory, concentration and a mathematical mindset. Chess helps children to develop these qualities.

Anton Sergeevich is for a healthy way of life! He likes travelling and often goes on hikes with his stu- dents. The teacher and At the History lesson. Kahoot is cool! his students are real friends!

13 Friendship № 17 September - October 2020 Our guests

The Buildings of Cathedral Square

In 1325 Peter, Metropoli- It took hundreds of years for Cathedral Square to tan of Kiev and All Rus, evolve into its current form. Wooden structures, in- moved his see* from Vla- cluding churches, were often damaged or destroyed by dimir to the Moscow the many fires that occurred in Moscow and the Krem- Kremlin. In 1328 Ivan lin. Stone buildings were damaged by fire, weather, Kalita, Grand Prince of and time, and were eventually replaced. Sometimes a Moscow, was given the building simply became obsolete and was replaced additional and more powerful title of Grand Prince of with a more useful one. By the late 17th century, the Vladimir by Öz Beg Khan of the Golden Horde. The group of seven buildings that surrounds the square to- Kremlin thus became the center of both religious and day had appeared. I describe the buildings and the political authority in late medieval Russia. Cathedral unique role that each played below, starting with Dor- Square became the stage on which that authority was mition Cathedral and moving around the square in a displayed. clockwise direction.

took place in Annunciation Cathe- example of how Cathedral Square dral, but those that affected the changed over time. Archeological state were held in Dormition Ca- evidence indicates that a graveyard, thedral, e.g. the wedding of Vasily and therefore possibly a wooden I and Princess Sophia of Lithuania church, existed here not long after the in 1391. The heads of both church Kremlin was built in 1156. Experts and state worshiped in the cathe- assume that Dmitrov Cathedral, Mos- dral. Each had his own personal cow's first stone church, was built fixture called a prayer place (they here in the 13th century. In 1326 Ivan resemble a one-person gazebo). Kalita, persuaded by Metropolitan The Patriarch's Prayer Place is Peter, built a limestone Dormition made of stone and was built when Cathedral. A replacement Dormition the current cathedral was con- Cathedral, built by Ivan III, was con- Dormition Cathedral - main church structed. The Tsar's Prayer Place, secrated on August 15, 1479. This is of the Moscow Kremlin which is also called Monomakh's the church that you see today. Throne, was built of carved wood in 1551 for Ivan the Terrible. Metro- Dormition Cathedral, aka Assump- politans and patriarchs, starting with tion Cathedral, was the main church Peter, were buried in Dormition Ca- of the Moscow Kremlin. From 1498 thedral. to 1896 the rulers of Russia were The cathedral sits at the highest crowned in the cathedral - Nicholas II point on Borovitsky Hill. The histo- was the last. Royal weddings usually ry of this location provides a good

The Church of the Twelve Apos- also quite interesting. In 1722 a tles replaced the Church of the Depo- wooden floor was added to the sition [see below] as the private church that divided it into two lev- church of the patriarchs. In 1652- els. The original iconostasis was 1655 Patriarch Nikon built a new pa- replaced by a shorter one, and the triarchal chambers (i.e. a new palace) new upper level became the patri- Church of the Twelve Apostles - with an attached church. However, he arch's library. In the mid-19th century private church of the patriarchs was unable to consecrate the church. the wooden floor was removed, and a After a conflict developed between taller iconostasis was built. In 1929 to save Ascension Cathedral's iconos- the patriarch and Tsar Alexei I, Nikon the iconostasis from Ascension Ca- tasis meant that the Church of the left Moscow to live at the New Jeru- thedral was moved into the church Twelve Apostles regained its salem Monastery. In 1666 the Great [Ascension Convent and its cathedral ‘original’ one. Moscow Synod removed him as patri- were located in a different part of the arch. In 1680-1681 Patriarch Joakim Kremlin; the Soviets demolished the Note: This was the first time a cruci- remodeled the church, and consecrat- convent complex to clear space for a fixion cross appeared atop a Russian ed it as the Church of the Twelve military school]. The new iconostases iconostasis. It was also the first time a Apostles. and the original one were similar. Passion of Christ tier appeared in a The church has an interesting ico- Both were built of carved wood circa Russian iconostasis. These changes nostasis that's made of gilded carved 1680, and both had a crucifixion cross reflected the growing influence of the wood. The story of how it got there is above the top tier of icons. The effort West on Old Russia. 14 Friendship № 17 September - October 2020 * The word is used here as a noun, and not as a verb. A metropolitan's see is the place where his headquarters is located. It's derived from the Latin word sedes which means 'seat'. Interesting places of Moscow

The Ivan the Great Bell Tower com- chael - it was believed that he accom- plex provided bells for the churches panied the souls of the dead into the that didn't have a belfry, i.e. the Dormi- afterlife. There are 56 burials in the tion, Archangel, and Annunciation ca- cathedral; when the current Archangel thedrals. The complex includes three Cathedral was built, those buried in buildings: Ivan the Great Bell Tower Ivan Kalita's cathedral were reburied in [on the right in the picture], Assump- the new one. Burials were done in tion Belfry [in the middle], and Filaret's stone coffins which were placed in the Annex [on the left]. The Bell Tower, ground beneath the cathedral. Elaborate completed in 1508, was built by Vasily tombstones resembling coffins were III to honor his father, Ivan the Great. placed on the floor above the burials. In 1598-1600 Boris Godunov extended After Peter the Great moved the capital it to a height of 81 m, including a 7 m to St. Petersburg, burials were done in cross. The original tower had three the Cathedral of Peter and Paul in the octagonal tiers; the extension is drum- new capital. Ivan the Great Bell Tower shaped and topped with a gilded dome. complex - provided bells The walls are 5 m thick at the base, and Note: Female members of the Rurik and Romanov dynasties were buried in 2.5 m thick at the second tier. Assump- for the churches that tion Belfry is the 17th century recon- Ascension Cathedral [see Church of the didn’t have any struction of a 16th century church. It Twelve Apostles above]. houses the Great Assumption Bell [see When that cathedral was demolished in 1929, their the picture], which, at 65.5 metric tons, is the heaviest bell in the complex, and burials were moved to the 6th heaviest in the world. The An- Archangel Cathedral's pod- klet. nex was built in 1624 as an additional belfry. In 1812 Napoleon's troops tried to blow up the complex. The Belfry Annunciation Cathedral was the private family and Annex were completely destroyed, church of the grand princes but the Bell Tower survived with minor and tsars. There is a legend damage. The Belfry and Annex were that Prince Andrey, the rebuilt in 1814-1815, and the Great As- third son of Alexander sumption Bell was cast in 1817 using a Nevsky, built a wooden bell broken by the 1812 explosion. Church of the Annuncia-

tion in 1291. Ivan III built Archangel Cathedral was the church the current Annunciation of the grand princes and tsars. Archan- Cathedral in 1484-1489. gel Michael was their patron saint and He also built a new palace behind guardian, especially in times of war, Archangel Cathedral - church it with a staircase that connected and they visited the cathedral before of the grand princes and tsars his personal rooms to the cathedral. battles and after victories. Legend says Annunciation Cathedral was that Mikhail Khorobrit, a younger where royal weddings usual- brother of Alexander Nevsky, built a ly took place, and where wooden Archangel Michael church in royal children were bap- the early 13th century. Ivan Kalita built tized. The cathedral's arch- a stone cathedral in 1333, and had him- priest was the traditional self buried in it. Ivan III built the cur- confessor of the tsar. The rent Archangel Cathedral in 1505- central section of Annuncia- 1508. tion Cathedral is small, as Ivan Kalita's burial was the first of suits a family church. None- many. Future grand princes and tsars, theless, the cathedral con- as well as other male members of the tains a five-tier iconostasis. Rurik and Romanov dynasties, such as It's one of the oldest five- tsareviches, would be buried in Arch- tiers in Russia, and includes Annunciation Cathedral - private angel Cathedral. Churches built as buri- icons painted by Andrei Rublev family church of the grand al places for ruling families were con- and Theophanes the Greek. princes and tsars secrated in the name of Archangel Mi-

15 Friendship № 17 September - October 2020 Interesting places of Moscow

The Faceted Chamber con- The Church of the Deposition tains a large hall that was used of the Robe was the private by the grand princes and tsars church of the metropolitans and for receptions, celebrations, and patriarchs. It's located on the ceremonies. Ivan the Terrible estate that Ivan Kalita gave to celebrated here for three days in Metropolitan Peter in the first 1552 after his defeat of the Ka- half of the 14th century. The zan Khanate. It was built in current church was built by 1487-1491 by Ivan III as part of Metropolitan Geronty in 1484- his new palace. The Faceted 1485. In 1655, when Patriarch Chamber is the oldest preserved Nikon finished building his new nonreligious building in Mos- chambers and church [see Faceted Chamber - large hall used cow. Its hall (495 sq m) was the Church of the Twelve Apostles by the grand princes and tsars largest in Russia for two centu- above], the Church of the Dep- ries. The building is named for osition was given to the tsarina the shape of the stones on its and princesses for their person- eastern side [see the picture]. al use, and a passage was built Their angular surfaces resemble connecting it to their rooms. the facets of a cut gem, such as The church is small, and was a diamond. The windows are suited to the private use of the deceptive - the building has on- metropolitans/patriarchs (or the ly one floor, with a semi- tsarina and princesses). It con- basement beneath. A staircase tains an iconostasis created by on its southern side leads to the Nazary Istomin Savin in 1627. famous Red Porch. Foreign am- He painted most of the icons, bassadors were greeted in front and one of them is particularly of the Red Porch, and corona- interesting: on the left side of tion processions would pass the Holy Doors (the center door down the staircase on their way of the iconostasis) there's a de- Church of the Deposition of the to Assumption Cathedral. To- tailed repainting of Andrei Ru- Robe - private church of the day the Faceted Chamber is blev's The Trinity (1411 or metropolitans and patriarchs connected to the Grand Kremlin 1425-1427). Palace, and is still used for state functions. Cathedral Square today projects were begun. Many origi- Cathedral on the Feast of the An- nal paintings were revealed after nunciation. Once again the bells After the Revolution the churches the icons and murals were of Cathedral Square rang out. In were closed and turned into mu- cleaned, or the layers of paint that 1990 the combination of the seums (up to that point the Ar- covered them were removed. This Kremlin and Red Square was mory Chamber was the only mu- work continues today. Some reli- named a World Heritage Site by seum in the Kremlin). To prepare gious services were resumed after UNESCO (United Nations Edu- exhibits for the new museums, 1990. For example, every year a cational, Scientific and Cultural historical and scientific research service is held in Annunciation Organization). The buildings of was carried out, and restoration

Postscript mory Chamber's exhibits, as well tary District (there's a statue of as many of those in the buildings Marshall Zhukov in front of it). On June 22, 1941 - the first day of Cathedral Square (especially The exhibits were returned to the of the Great Patriotic War - the the icons), to Sverdlovsk, now Moscow Kremlin in 1945. Kremlin museums were closed to called Yekaterinburg. They were visitors. They did not reopen until stored in the NKVD building on Bruce Bertrand, after the war. On June 30th they Lenin Avenue, which today is the Lake Placid, USA began relocating most of the Ar- Headquarters of the Central Mili- Photos by the author

16 Friendship № 17 September - October 2020 Discussion Club

Is graffiti an art form?

The birth of the Russian graffiti movement took place in the 1980s in the USSR. Vadim Krys from Latvia and Oleg Basket from Leningrad are consid- ered to be the first graffiti writers in the Soviet Un- ion. Graffiti took off in the USSR along with breakdancing and hip-hop movies brought from the US.

In Russia, graffiti (or street art) is an ambiguous phenomenon, i.e. considered to be desecration by some, and art by others. It is done for a variety of reasons, including expressing oneself through an art form, or protesting against a corporation or ideology.

I love Graffiti as a creative our country is increasingly Street-art museum. The gallery form of street art. I believe that gaining momentum and be- of wall drawings of the origi- creative people are trying to coming more popular. The nal style was created by Vladi- decorate our streets and hous- main festival for graffiti in mir Ovchinnikov. This gallery es. The result of their work is Russia is STENOGRAFFIA in is in the town of Borovskoe, bright, unexpected images that Yekaterinburg. It is annually Kaluga Oblast. attract the attention of passers- held on the first weekend of Olga Vaganova, 9A by, and are uplifting in gen- July. Drawings by the author eral, changing the face of the You can also find a lot of area to the better. Street art in works in the St. Petersburg

School Uniform: For and Against

I think a school uniform is the same – they have no choice good because it improves dis- and can’t express their individ- cipline and increases students’ uality. safety. All students look the In my opinion there are more same – rich kids and poor kids. supporters of the school uni- Some people believe a school form than those who dislike it. uniform is bad. They say the What do you think about the cost of the uniforms is higher school uniform? What ad- than the cost of regular store- vantages and disadvantages bought clothes. In some peo- does it have? ple’s opinion a school uniform Nikita Emelyanov, 7A is bad because all students look

17 Friendship № 17 September - October 2020 Keep up Your English

Introductory words and phrases

Фразы, отображающие ваше мнение Фразы и вводные слова, показывающие ваше согласие I suppose… Я полагаю... In my view … С моей точки зрения... Definitely... Определенно... In my opinion... По-моему... No wonder... Неудивительно... I am convinced... Я убежден... In fact, (he is)… По сути, (он является)… Personally, I believe... Лично я считаю... He used to say… Он бывало говорил… Many people believe... Многие люди считают... Not surprisingly… Не удивительно, (что)... As far as I remember... Насколько я помню... This might happen simply because… From my point of view... С моей точки зрения... Это может произойти просто потому, что...

Фразы и вводные слова, указывающие Заключительные фразы ваше противоположное мнение …in total... в общей сложности... However... Однако... It is estimated… По оценкам... Despite our… Несмотря на наши… If it is no longer... Если это уже не... In contrast to this… В отличие от этого… To sum up… Подведем итоги... On the other hand… С другой стороны… In addition… В дополнение... Compared to the other… По сравнению с другими… In conclusion… В заключение... ..is clearly different from… ... явно отличается от… The World's Tourist Attractions What do you see in the pictures? What countries are these places located in?

18 Friendship № 17 September - October 2020 Our Translations

Why do we get obsessed with TV characters?

In most of the TV series you watch, makes it harder for the reader to ex- to empathise with you are almost guaranteed to have a perience-take. TV characters as favourite character and your favour- This was because by being in front we tend to have ite character will often be different to of the mirror, they had a constant more insights into your friend’s favourite. Take reminder of themselves which made their personal life ‘Friends’ for example, there are it harder for them to dissociate. than we do with plenty of debates about the rankings our friends and family. This is be- of the best characters, with highly If you see yourself in a character or cause we often get private moments differing opinions. There are two can relate to their life experiences, with the characters and background main reasons for becoming attached you are more likely to obsess over information that we don’t have ac- to a character; one is admiration and them and show preference to that cess to in real life. the other is relating to them. character over the others. This is be- cause we feel empathy for the char- Part of us knows that the character If it’s admiration that makes you like acter. Empathy comes from a region we are watching is fictional, so we a character, it’s because they are in the brain called the right supra- often project our feelings onto the someone you aspire to be like or marginal gyrus. When interacting actor who plays them. Some actors would want to be friends with. This with others, we use this area of our who play healthcare professionals in can often lead to a phenomenon brain to judge body language, tone TV shows claim that they have had called, ‘experience-taking’, in which of voice and facial expressions. to remind people, in medical emer- we subconsciously adopt traits, atti- When combined with our personal gencies, that they are not actually tudes and behaviours of the charac- experiences, we are able to figure medically trained. This happens be- ter. This can happen in any sort of out how the person is feeling and cause good actors have the ability to fiction; TV shows, films and books. give out an appropriate response. make us subconsciously decide that One group of researchers tested the the person on screen in the character effect that sitting in front of a mirror Empathising with others relies on us rather than the actor. whilst reading a book can have on filling in any gaps in our understand- experience-taking and found that it ing of a situation. It is actually easier Почему мы становимся одержимыми персонажами из фильмов и сериалов?

В большинстве сериалов, которые чтения оказывает влияние на вос- зачастую о их личной жизни мы вы смотрите, вам почти гаранти- приятие и делает его для читателя знаем больше, чем о личной жиз- ровано иметь любимого персона- затрудненным. ни своих друзей и родных. Это

жа, который часто будет отли- Это происходило потому, что по- бывает из-за того, что мы чаще чаться от любимого персонажа стоянное видение своего изобра- бываем наедине с героями и их вашего друга. Возьмите, напри- жения в зеркале напоминало чита- личной жизнью, и к чему у нас мер, сериал «Друзья»: ведѐтся нет доступа в реальной жизни. телю о нѐм самом и затрудняло много споров о лучших персона- процесс диссоциации. Мы понимаем, что персонаж, на жах, и мнения очень разнятся. Если вы видите себя в персонаже которого мы смотрим, вымыш- Есть две главные причины, поче- ленный, поэтому часто проециру- или можете представить себя на му мы привязываемся к персона- ем наши чувства на актѐра, кото- жу: одна из них – восхищение, его месте, вы, скорее всего, отда- рый играет роль. Некоторые актѐ- другая – отношение к нему. дите предпочтение именно этому герою. Так происходит потому, ры, играющие роль специалистов Если это восхищение, которое что мы сопереживаем данному в сфере здравоохранения в сериа- позволяет вам любить персонаж, персонажу. За эмпатию человека лах, утверждают, что в чрезвы- то это потому, что он тот, с кем «отвечает» правая надмаргиналь- чайных ситуациях им приходи- вы хотели бы дружить или быть ная извилина головного мозга. лось напоминать людям, что на похожим на него. Зачастую это Взаимодействуя с окружающими, самом деле они не имеют меди- может привести к феномену так мы используем эту часть нашего цинского образования. Так проис- называемого «приобретения опы- мозга для понимания языка тела, ходит потому, что хорошие актѐ- та», в котором мы подсознательно тона голоса и мимики человека. ры способны заставить нас пове- перенимаем черты характера, Сопереживание вместе с нашим рить, что человек на экране живет мысли и привычки персонажа. жизненным опытом дает нам воз- в этой роли, а не играет еѐ. Это возможно в любых художе- можность лучше понять, что че- ственных произведениях, телесе- ловек чувствует и дать на это под- Перевод Дениса Чуванева, 10А риалах, фильмах и книгах. Группа ходящее объяснение. Легче сопе- исследователей обнаружила, что реживать героям фильмов, так как сидение перед зеркалом во время

19 Friendship № 17 September - October 2020

20 Friendship № 17 September - October 2020 To be continued... Alice Cheshire cat The Mad Hatter The White Rabbit The Red Queen A very kind, trustful Mysterious, insane, happy, A crazy, wacky hatter who The White Rabbit is nervous Bad and hot tempered, and sociable girl. sneaky, peculiar, a little bit meets Alice when she shows and always in a hurry. How- cruel, loud, evil, vio- mad. up in Wonderland. He loves ever, he is confident enough lent, spoiled, impulsive He shows sympathy and having tea parties with his about himself to contradict kindness towards Alice. best friend, the March Hare, the King of Hearts. and the Dormouse.