ASA Alumni Magazine, March 2014 No. 6

Focus on Immigration

HIGH PROFILE INTERVIEW WITH ILMA RAKUSA ALLIANZ SUMMER ACADEMY 2013 – ASA GOES TRANSATLANTIC SELECTED JACKPOT PROJECTS 2014 PROFESSIONALS ON THE MOVE – OUTCOME OF THE ALUMNI SURVEY EUROPEAN ALTERNATIVES – A TRANSNATIONAL CIVIL SOCIETY ORGANIZATION 3 table of contents ------editorial Focus on Immigration Towards a confident approach to migration p. 4 As one of the most dynamic This issue contains coverage of the ASA 2013, policy fields, immigration is This is the sixth edition of the ASA alumni magazine. which was held in July in Kempfenhausen and We wish you a lot of fun reading all the news about our Migrant Visions – a photography exhibition p. 4 at the center of the current included a non-European university (Princ- political debate also in Eu- network, the interviews with renowned persons and the eton) for the first time, and was a resounding rope – and thus constitutes insights into European topics. The editorial team pre- success once again. Included within is also an Allow migrants in, boost growth and innovation p. 6 the focus of this issue. Read pared this issue during a wonderful and productive interview with Prof. Pythagoras Petratos, on to learn more about con- weekend in Budapest. Are you interested to join the team from the Saïd Business School at Oxford, who Immigration perspectives from the United States p. 7 temporary issues in migra- and experience such productive weekends as well? You was also the coordinator of the Oxford team tion, the benefits of high- are more than welcome. Just send us a note. at the ASA 2013. Future challenges of immigration to the European Union p. 8 skilled immigrants, how immigration is viewed in the ------US and future challenges of The focus of the magazine immigration. also provides you with in- High Profile “My languages carry me off into another world” – Interview with Ilma Rakusa p. 10 sights and thoughts about the --- EU´s current positions and Diversity is an asset of the Internal Affairs ASA goes transatlantic p. 12 next steps to create a vibrant, ASA alumni network. The multicultural and even more result of the survey of the “Be creative and innovative” – Interview with Prof. Pythagoras Petratos p. 14 talented society in the com- Alumni Council show, that petitive world economy. there is high interest in Alumni in action p. 15 ­activities such as Jackpot ­Projects and the Alumni Professionals on the move p. 16 Academy. In this magazine --- you can read about the three Reflections Democracy, equality and culture beyond the nation state p. 18 projects which were selected --- for a ­Jackpot funding. Forum Tax and the city p. 20

Global affairs and work in a think-tank p. 21 --- Portrait of an Alumna Turning international experiences into worthy causes p. 22

A stencil graffiti on a backstreet wall in Glastonbury. Banksy or not?

Please find the digital version for Browser, Android and iPhone at kulturstiftung.allianz.de/en/alumni Your editorial team: Nad’a, Andreas, Stephanie, Arunabh and Anna

Events of the Allianz Cultural Foundation Note of the Allianz Cultural Foundation Rich through Immigration Das Weiße Meer / The White Sea “Europe – Dream and Reality” Dear Alumni, Discussion at the Foundations Week Literature around the Mediterranean European Writers´ Conference Berlin/Germany I April 8, 2014 Alexandria/Egypt I April 26–27, 2014 Berlin/Germany I May 7–9, 2014 Prior to this in many respects crucial European Parliament elections, the Allianz Germany’s cities are unthinkable without mi- Following events in Trieste and Tirana, this On initiative of the current Federal Foreign Cultural Foundation is involved in several political conferences and writer’s con- gration. Current debates about poverty immi- mobile literary festival will be visiting the Bib- Minister Frank-Walter Steinmeier together gresses. To these, we would like to invite you today. Furthermore, we support Ulrich gration and protests against refugee shelters liotheca Alexandrina. Under the heading with the authors Antje Strubel, Nicol Ljubi Beck’s and Jürgen Habermas’ call VOTE4EUROPE, which turns against the possible challenge the cities. Representatives of unions, “Identities in Motion”, the workshops and and Tilman Spengler writers from over 20 undermining of the European Parliament by populist and anti-European politicians. local governments, science and politics discuss panel discussions will analyze concepts of iden- countries will discuss with politicians, scien- Therefore, we have collected the opinions of more than 50 European artists, authors after short impulse speeches about concepts for tity. Multiple cultural identities have developed tists, philosophers and economists the idea and and elder statesmen. After VOTE4EUROPE appeared in DIE ZEIT and Frankfurter an open and inclusive society in times when around the Mediterranean and, to this day, in- reality of the European project in times of cri- Allgemeine Zeitung, la Repubblica and Politiken, Gazeta Wyborcza and racisms seems more present. What can founda- fluence the way in which Arabic and European ses. Regarding the European elections two Nepszabadsag­ , we now want to publish it in other countries. Maybe you can help us tions contribute for the success of an open so- people perceive one other. The workshops and weeks later the participants will exchange views to find the way into a media of your home or your host country: ciety under conditions of free movement in panel discussions will be accompanied by the at the conference and listen to a diversity of www.vote4europe.eu Europe? This is the question the panelists will online communities in Egypt and Europe via European voices during a Long Night of Euro- try to answer. Further information at: Facebook, Twitter and WhatsApp. Follow on- pean Literature. For more details see by Michael M. Thoss www.berlinerstiftungswoche.eu/node/1221 line at www.dasweissemeer.eu. www.europatraumundwirklichkeit.eu 4 Focus on Immigration Focus on Immigration 5

The graphic below provides a country-based overview outlining the most popular destinations of migrants in search of better living conditions:

Towards a while also enhancing the integration of spous- es and children. The underestimation of the family factor and the feeling of not being wel- comed in the host country often discourage confident approach H-S from coming and staying.

EU member states are on a good but slow track to attract additional highly skilled migrants. to migration They have been endorsing a common approach that would increase Europe´s role with regards to economic migration while also maintaining a certain degree of jurisdiction. The EU is ­capable of attracting H-S labor and is proceed- ing step by step. Blue Card initiatives and point-based systems facilitate and accelerate the admission procedures and thus demand for the EU H-S increases. However, if EU countries are gradually focusing more on highly skilled talents, merely collecting “brains”, and turn their heads away from the low-skilled, asylum EU approach to migration seekers and other less favored immigrants, Since the Schengen rules of open borders with- there are questions to ask: Will the vision of in the EU have been implemented, it is par- concerning gross domestic product (GDP) potential economic profit and the filling of ticularly interesting to observe that the migra- ­values, the EU only spends half as much on stated quotas result in increased social dispar- tion flows within Europe´s richest countries higher education as the USA. Quality higher ities and feelings of antipathy? How will the EU largely outnumber those recorded from other education is a key to create and attract highly overcome differences in order to build a stron- parts of the world. As it is stated in the OECD qualified individuals who are a crucial element ger and more unified society? International Migration Outlook 2013, “free for sustainable economic growth. The EU can Globalization is not a new phenomenon but it is increasingly important to understand and circulation within European OECD coun- As our Focus on Immigration provides an reflect on, especially in the context of migration. Globalization has not been a conscious aim. It is tries rose in 2011 and is now four times The continuous search for overview of globalization and its impact on the neither completely “good” nor “bad” but it has become a reality that we all have to deal with. more common in relative terms in the re- better living conditions migration flows, you will further discover also gion than migration from elsewhere. Out- other perspectives on immigration. First, you flows from countries most affected by the enhances the migration flows can shape your opinion about the need to low- Although, it is difficult to define, David Held according to OECD data. Net migration is crisis, particularly southern European ones, be inspired by the US advanced research pro- er visa restrictions and enable highly skilled in his book Globalisation Theory –­Approaches difference between immigration and emi- have also accelerated, by 45 ­% from 2009 to grams, but it is hardly affordable and applicable immigrants to use their talent within the EU. and Controversies (2007) formulates it as “the ­economy is still recovering from the 2008 gration within a defined period of time and 2011.” to the current EU reality. Another reason why Then, as the USA is an important immigration widening, deepening and speeding up of ­financial crisis, immigration to the European in the EU the immigration rates continue to the USA, Canada, and Australia, for instance, destination, we will also provide some insights worldwide interconnectedness in all aspects”. Union (EU) grows as is clearly demonstrated be higher every year than the number of Although the number of working positions for attract high numbers of skilled workers is the on the USA and its immigration challenges. The development of infrastructures, increased in the Eurostat data (173/2013) where net people leaving the Union. Nevertheless, the so called high-skilled (H-S) labor has increased distinct advantage of the wide-spread English Finally, you can further investigate the chal- access to information and the continuous migration reached approximately 0.9 million EU has an opportunity to become even more significantly, the EU still has a relatively lower language which, for many EU countries, is not lenges that the EU will or will continue to face search for better living conditions enhances the in 2012 representing a 1.7 ­% increase com- attractive than it currently is in order to bet- portion of H-S than the USA when the total a native or first foreign language. Improved and in the upcoming years. migration flows between economically unequal pared to the year before. However, those ter succeed in the global competition for the workforce is taken into account. In addition, well-spread programs would help to attract H-S by Naďa Kovalčíková* (ASA 2009)

countries and regions. While the world figures do remain below the pre-crisis level, talent it needs. according to the European Commission data and ensure better integration into the society NATO. of those represent not do and author´s the are expressed views The *

Migrant visions - a photography exhibition

Migrant Visions – Cluj, Munich, Prague – a photography exhibition dealing with migration and integration in ­Europe. People from communities of migrants in these three cities were given a single use camera and invited to portray the city they live in from their point of view. The exhibition’s goal was to show a diversified picture of ­migration. People from different communities of migrants, social backgrounds and generations were involved. The project raised awareness on integration issues and strived to foster mutual understanding between the majority popula- tion and migrant communities. It also gave an insight on perceptions of migrants in different European cities. 6 Focus on Immigration Focus on Immigration 7

A Case for Easing Visa Restrictions in the European Union Allow Migrants In, Immigration Boost Growth and Perspectives from Innovation the United States

One puzzling fact about the jobs crisis in On January 1, 2014, border control laws in the ­Europe is the mismatch between job seekers’ UK, Germany, and seven other EU member skills and the employers’ needs. According to states expired, allowing Romanian and Eurostat, around two million job vacancies in ­Bulgarian workers to seek work in these coun- the EU/EFTA (European Free Trade Area) are tries. Prime Minister David Cameron criticized presently unfilled, about the same number as the move, perhaps fearing that low-skill in 2010. A Eurofound study showed that, de- ­workers from two of the EU’s poorest econo- High skills desired to win the global competitiveness game spite the recession, almost 40 ­% of companies mies would flood the UK. Similar divides on reported difficulty in finding workers with the low-skill immigration have been echoed across right skills. The problem is especially acute for the ­Atlantic. Cameron and American oppo- Immigrant rally in the USA innovation-based companies, which are gener- dents are also well-integrated with their new nents of immigration reform argue that new ating jobs at a rapid clip as technology spreads friends in Europe, and want to stay and work low-skill immigrants will crowd out native through every sector of the economy. By 2015, ­talent must be attracted to Europe to work in in Europe after graduation. workers from jobs and become net recipients those unemployed. This is a sensitive topic as reported in The New York Times, about high-skill jobs that “natives” are unable to fill, It is clear that high-skill immigrants are a big of federal aid despite not paying into the social among the African American community in 900,000 technology sector vacancies may go to boost growth, employment and innovation. asset for any economy, and maximum efforts welfare system. But do low-skill immigrants more disposable income, which leads to great- the US which has seen Hispanics secure a foot- unfilled in the EU, the European Commission Furthermore, Bloomberg cites research that should be expended to attract and retain them. only take away without contributing? er consumer consumption. Likewise, immi- hold in industries previously dominated by (EC) warned. argues how each job created in a high-tech field By and large, studies have debunked most African Americans. A recent study from supports two to four jobs in the wider ­economy. myths about immigration, such as immigrants In the United States, low-skill immigration Low-skill immigration has ­Harvard University found that from 1960 to The phenomenon is particularly vexing be- being lazy, driving down wages, living off wel- has in fact provided net benefits to the in fact provided net benefits 2000, “a 10 ­% increase in immigrants in vari- cause these jobs are in a high-growth sector Another solution is to ease work permit re- economy – according to the Migration to the economy ous jobs reduced black wages and unemploy- and tend to pay well. Innovation is the key to strictions for non-EU/EFTA national grad- It is clear that high-skill Policy Institute, low-skill migrants lower ment by up to 4 ­%.” growth in industrialized economies, and if uates of European universities. European immigrants are a big asset “the prices of products consumed by […] con- grants consume and create demand for prod- ­science, technology, engineering, and mathe- universities are largely publicly funded, and sumers by 0.4 ­% of GDP.” Lower prices lead to ucts and generally accept lower wages than The reality is that there are always winners and matics (STEM) jobs continue to stay unfilled, the European taxpayers massively subsidize for any economy native workers, which can also spur economic losers in periods of economic transition. How- it lowers potential growth rates and slows in- the education of foreign students, and later ex- fare, or taking jobs from “natives” (none of activity. The same report finds that “immigra- ever, the key to successful reform and policy- novation. Firm profits and productive capacity pect them to go back to their home countries these are true). Aside from the obvious value of tion accounts for only a small share of the de- making is minimizing the losses the losers also decline, and business investment moves to after graduation. This is an enormous drain of cultural diversity, high-skill immigrants are terioration observed in less-skilled Americans’ ­suffer – this is the main issue American regions where talent is easier to find. resources. At least in STEM fields, where there often more motivated, better educated, and are labor market employment.” Moreover, accord- ­immigration policymakers are currently facing. is a clear skill shortage, strong efforts must be more likely to start new businesses, the pri- ing to the Congressional Budget Office, illegal Most EU policymakers seem to realize that free One effective way to ensure these jobs are mary source of job growth. Right now, the EU/ low-skill immigrants paid roughly $50 billion movement of low-skill migrants can provide filled is to lower barriers to high-skill im- If these jobs continue EFTA policy around high-skill immigration in federal taxes between 1996 and 2003, prov- economic benefits: No other EU Member states migration, so that it is easier for firms to to stay unfilled, it lowers and talent retention is fragmented, bureau- ing they are already active contributors to the have backed the UK on its controversial stance hire non-EU/EFTA nationals. Some Euro- potential growth rates and cratic, and expensive for firms and individuals federal tax and benefit system. against Romanian and Bulgarian migration. pean countries have more liberal policies, alike. To boost economic growth, innovation, However, EU member states, and the US too, but largely, there is little coherence between slows innovation employment and cultural vitality, an open and Still, the benefits low-skill workers provide to will need to confront the economic displace- various restrictive and expensive national pol- made to retain foreign graduates, so that they flexible high-skill immigration policy is both the US economy must be reconciled with po- ment effects of low-skill immigration on icies, and it is a bureaucratic nightmare for work within the EU/EFTA, create cutting-edge desirable and imperative. litical and social realities – in many cases, low- ­certain groups and industries. firms to employ non-nationals even in fields scientific knowledge and start new businesses skill immigrants from Central America are by Arunabh Singh (ASA 2011) where there is a clear skill shortage. Foreign in Europe instead of back home. Often, stu- taking jobs from native-born workers, leaving by Andrew Sartorius (ASA 2013) 8 Focus on Immigration Focus on Immigration 9

Future challenges

­legislation even though it came into force in 2009. Additionally, immigrants face different of immigration to rules for applying for the EU Blue Card and varying levels of rights depending on where they are. Far from being unified, there are many possibilities for member states to intro- the European Union duce derogations, making the application pro- cess more difficult for immigrants. It remains to be seen how the EU addresses these issues to Immigration is a natural part of Europe promote the Blue Card and to make it easier Abandoned ship in Lampedusa and more attractive for immigrants to apply than it is the case today. imperative to address future challenges of im- Countering discrimination is an important migration to ensure that allowing new people 2) How to reform the EU’s asylum policy? aspect of integration policy. However, if factors into the EU results in a mutually beneficial re- In 2012, the EU received more than 335,000 such as low economic growth or even recession, lationship between the host country and the asylum applications. This constitutes a steady resulting in unemployment, falling living stan- immigrant. Among the many aspects to con- increase since 2006, where the number of asy- dards and lower welfare occur, they provide a sider, policies regarding high-skilled immigra- lum applications was just about 200,000, indi- breeding ground for far-right populism, mak- tion, asylum and integration stand out as the cating that asylum seekers will continue to look ing it easy for far-right politicians and sympa- most hotly debated and will thus be addressed to the EU for refuge. thizers to blame those, who in their opinion, in the following. There are numerous factors to examine here. do not belong to society. Far-right parties such One of the most pressing issues is how to pro- as the French National Front and the Dutch 1) How to attract skilled immigrants to im- tect asylum seekers and provide assistance to Party for Freedom profess the dangers of mul- prove competitiveness? border countries such as Italy, Spain, Greece, ticulturalism, claiming that immigrants take According to the Lisbon Strategy, it was the Malta and Cyprus, who are among the first to away jobs and exploit welfare systems. These

The benefits of immigration to the European Union are tremendous EU’s chief aim to make it “the most competitive receive refugees from outside the EU. It is evi- messages create an atmosphere of distrust and and dynamic knowledge-based economy in the dent that there is a shortage of capacities, lead- hostility towards immigrants, severely imped- world” by 2010. In the light of the Euro crisis, ing to a lack of support for asylum appli- this objective was revised to focus on recovery. cants and an overwhelming responsibility There is a shortage of Nevertheless, emphasizing innovation to re- for the border countries. Although the capacities, leading to a lack of The EU harbors numerous opportunities for immigrants, such as high-quality education, attractive living stan- build and expand economic growth makes Dublin III regulation was put in place to dards and the prospect of a peaceful life. It is therefore unsurprising that the EU has become a center of mi- support for asylum applicants sense – especially when one considers the EU’s protect asylum applicants, the German gration. While most people relish cultural diversity and the opportunities immigration brings, for sceptics it has difficulties to compete with low-income coun- weekly newspaper Die Zeit reported that it does ing integration in the process. It is important become a scapegoat for economic and social issues which often have their origin elsewhere. tries. However, demographic change and steady not include a solidarity clause to support the that the EU finds a satisfactory answer to far- emigration rates of highly qualified people rep- border countries. Thus, it is pivotal for the EU right political voices which are being echoed resent two main challenges to drive innovation to amend its asylum policy in this area. across Europe. within the EU to maintain its competitiveness. The above mentioned issues are examples of The truth is that immigration is a natural and One part of the solution is to attract skilled 3) How to facilitate integration in the future? challenges which the EU faces in terms of im- necessary part of Europe. For instance, to speak professionals – a goal which the EU already ad- To create a society, where natives and newcom- migration. However, they also show how com- of the history of Europe is to speak of a history would lose out on skilled personnel, thus ren- dresses in its migration policy discussions. In ers feel equal, it is necessary to view integration plex this topic is. It touches upon policies for of migration. For centuries, dering the EU less competitive compared to this vein, and following the models of Australia as an integral pillar of immigration policy. The labor markets, welfare, citizenship, humanitar- The history of Europe is Europe has been character- other economies. There is also the intellectual and the US, the EU put the Blue Card Directive European Union has several policies in place, ian aid and education – in short, immigration a history of migration ized by the migration of na- perspective to consider when talking about im- in place to attract highly qualified immigrants. the most relevant being the Common Basic issues can be found in every aspect of society. tions (e.g. the Angles and migration. For instance, exposing ourselves to However, it reveals fundamental weaknesses. Principles for Immigrant Integration Policy Because of this, it is necessary that decision- Saxons, and Goths). If we return to the present, new cultures gives us a fresh perspective on Amongst others, the Blue Card is not as coveted and the Common Agenda for Integration. In makers give immigration higher priority to populations across the EU are continuously politics, economics and society. as the US’s Green Card. This may have to do these documents, the EU recognizes the neces- ensure they find suitable solutions to the chal- ageing. This demographic change has consider- While the advantages of immigration are obvi- with the fact that it is not particularly well sity of integration and aims to establish “a lenges they face. able economic and social repercussions for ous, they are built on a foundation of trust, known and that member states have been slow framework strategy for non-discrimination ­European societies. Without immigration, we tolerance and understanding. This is where it is in introducing the directive into national and equal opportunities”. by Stephanie Carstensen (ASA 2008) 10 High Profile High Profile 11

Could translating be regarded as interpret- of gratification, that the book lives on in so ing? Translating is always a case of interpreting: many other languages. it cannot be any other way. When translating, label of being an ‘intermediary’. I am consid- “My languages it’s very important to convey the form and in- ered an expert in Eastern European literature Do you have a book recommendation for the tonation, just as it is in music. This is especially and as such, examine and render an opinion on alumni? Open City by Teju Cole. In ­summer true of poetry, which can be particularly dif- appropriate projects. 2013, this novel won the International ficult when there is ambiguity, where you have ­Literature Award in Berlin. I was a member of carry me off to read inbetween the lines. Are they all jobs or more of a vocation? I of- the jury. It deals with the topic of migration and ten think that it’s a case of both. I think that the metropolis New York, with the protagonist’s Do you associate a particular emotion or dis- they merge into each other. The activities that paths leading towards Europe. It’s a demanding tinct image with your languages? Yes, defi- I just mentioned are all things that I really enjoy but wonderfully world-encompassing book. into another world” nitely. You come to link various images and as- doing. Writing is my favourite pastime. I also sociations with each language. This depends on really enjoy translating. So in my case, my life Interview by Anna Lászlo (ASA 2009) and Andreas Lorek (ASA 2005) what you have read in that particular language; and work form a synthesis. where you spoke it, and with whom; from whom you learned it. With every language that What do the awards that you have won mean I speak, I am carried off into another world. It’s to you? The most important awards are, for a kind of transformation. me, the Leipzig Book Award for European Un- derstanding, the Adelbert von Chamisso Prize, You write of a parallel between writing and cry- which is awarded to authors whose mother ing out. Writing and crying out … that’s a very tongue isn’t German, and the Swiss Book Prize, extreme formulation. Writing is sometimes a which I won in 2009 for my memoir Mehr Meer result of deep despair, so in some cases, that (More sea). That is a rather personal book, as is true. But you can also write during periods it’s my own story. The jury regarded it as being of the greatest tranquillity and contentedness. a very European, indeed world-encompassing What is important for writing is a certain ur- book. When I won the Book Prize, it led to gency. For me, books are a kind of Are there any books that you constantly habitat that exists independently reread? Only a few, for example, classics such as Dostoyevsky. I’ve read Crime and of external locations Ilma Rakusa was born on 2 January 1946 to a Slovenian father and a Hungarian mother in Rimavská Sobota, Punishment umpteen times. The same Slovakia. She spent her early childhood in Budapest, Ljubljana and Trieste, the family moved in 1951 to ­Zurich. with Anna Karenina by Tolstoy and the tales lively reactions from the media, and my book From 1965 to 1971, she studied Slavonic and Romance studies in Zurich, Paris and Leningrad­ (St ­Petersburg). of Chekhov. They really have to be great texts has since been translated into twelve languages. She has published numerous books, is a member of the German Academy for Language and Literature and in order for me to want to read them again. That is the highest possible accolade and source Ilma Rakusa at the Debate on Europe 2012 in Berlin ­also of the board of trustees of the Allianz Cultural Foundation. You get the impression that, upon each reading, they reveal yet more of themselves.

What challenges were you faced with as a the refugees is something that I find incredibly What are the qualities that, for you, make a result of your numerous relocations? My dramatic. The majority of them live in situations good author? There’s a lot to answer there! I childhood taught me one thing above any- For me, books are a kind of habitat that exists that are inhumane and they often quickly come have to find the language interesting. I wouldn’t thing else: to experience diversity, to accept independently of external locations. That applies to regret putting themselves into such situations. read a novel or a story based solely on the sub- it and to love it. Of course, I had had experi- equally to writing. When I am writing, I always At the moment, the focus is on receiving the new ject matter. Otherwise, this question is really ences of borders and the ambivalence at- refugees and enabling them to make a new start. difficult to answer. There are innumerable pos- tached to them. A border is something that Reading has been an We are living in an age of migration. That is the sibilities. But in every good book, the author’s serves to separate and so can be painful. absolute constant in my life basic theme of the 21st century. voice is present. It should have something of But it is also a place of excitement and po- its own, carrying the narration. It’s not just the tential contact to others. In Zurich, I found it have my own world with me, but of course, ex- What kind of refugee policy would you like material, but how it is treated. quite difficult, always being in the same place. ternal influences creep into my writing from to see? Definitely one that is warm-hearted. I quickly immersed myself in literature and without. Writing is both a continuous place and Once again, the Swiss have imposed a quota, How would you describe yourself? I am an music, and read lots. I found the world of books a continuous home. defining an upper limit. In Switzerland, there author, essayist and translator. I also write for much more exciting than everyday life. is an all-pervading fear of being ‘overwhelmed newspapers and lecture at university. The ac- Your own experiences of traveling and immi- by immigrants’. Especially the rightwing par- tivities where I act as a kind of intermediary Would you regard books as being a more im- grating weren’t as a refugee. But what do you ties spread fear with their hysterical policies. are very important to me. By which, I mean portant habitat for you than actual physical feel when you hear about present day refugee We should accept the refugees and see to it translating and my work for newspapers. My places? Books form such an integral part of dramas? That affects me enormously. I find it that they don’t vegetate in some camp some- task as a reviewer is to bring authors from east- my intellectual and emotional life that I really unbelievably sad that large swaths of people are where. Acceptance and integration: huge ern and southeastern Europe closer to the Ger- Ilma Rakusa’s book Mehr Meer and its translations cannot see an alternative. Since my childhood, forced to flee their homelands. The dangers in- tasks, and a challenge that will keep Europe man reader. I also subsume my activities for the reading has been an absolute constant in my life. herent in the journey and the plight that awaits occupied in the decades to come. ­Allianz Cultural Foundation under this same @ Find the full version of the interview in the online version and app at kulturstiftung.allianz.de/en/alumni 12 Internal Affairs Internal Affairs 13

ASA Goes Transatlantic

Listening and discussing The team of LMU presenting their results

­energy security within the EU (LMU). In the I think the biggest gain this time around was evening, like every year, there was an excellent the inclusion of a North American team in the barbeque organized at the shore of Lake Starn- event. The group from Princeton was very ac- berg, and several participants, and even guests tive and lively, and also brought diversity and a like me, enjoyed swimming in the refreshing different counterpoint to the usual Eurocentric waters of the lake to whet the appetite for the theme and participants to the ASA. I am con- sumptuous array of grilled meats that followed! fident that future editions of the ASA will in- volve more teams from outside Europe as well, The plenum at ASA 2013 The following day students broke ranks with their to facilitate stronger cultural exchanges be- respective university teams, and were put into five Of course, since it was the last night, partici- tween the participants. separate groups across universities, again orga- pants enjoyed a late night with lots of food and nized around specific topics, to develop a set of drinks around. The final morning, which in- In all, the ASA 2013 was a great success. It had recommendations for the final manifesto. Later volved plenty of hungover participants, the diverse teams, active participants and coordi- that day, there was a trip to Augustinerkeller nators, lively debates, eminent guests, and even in Munich, where participants enjoyed au- Thirty recommendations to some alumni presence from previous ASA gen- thentic Bavarian beer and food! be included in the manifesto, erations, which was bound together through, only two hours of time as always, stellar organization and facilities of- The second-to-last day is always the most fered at Kempfenhausen by the ACF. I feel con- exciting and intense. All day, the students Alumni Council and the Allianz alumni mag- fident in saying that every single person enjoyed working on their manifestos in their new azine ASAEUROPEAN presented their prod- the event. It is a great initiative that keeps on Dynamics at Allianz Summer Academy 2013 groups presented and debated their recom- ucts to the participants, many of whom ex- getting better with time, and as the alumni net- mendations, and in the evening the all-impor- pressed keen interest in staying connected with work grows, so does the vibrancy and engage- tant plenary session was held. During the ple- the Allianz Cultural Foundation (ACF). ment of the community and their impact. nary, negotiation tactics are always the key and Youth unemployment in Europe continues to rise, despite the improving economic it was a joy to see all the participants lobbying, by Arunabh Singh (ASA 2011) indicators otherwise. It threatens the well-being of millions, their future livelihood arguing and debating for their preferred rec- and presents a real specter of a “lost generation” if effective policy steps are not ommendations to be included in the final taken soon. document. The evening started out with more than thirty recommendations to be included in the manifesto, but with only two hours of Once again, the biennial Allianz Summer time, and competing interests on what should Academy (ASA), held at the picturesque town or should not be included, the final document of Kempfenhausen near Munich, was a re- The program itself largely followed the ASA contained only 15 policy recommendations to sounding success. Around 30 participants from editions gone by. The opening afternoon ses- the European Union (six long-term goals, and five leading universities took part: the Central sion comprised a welcoming and introduction nine proposals). Many proposals were eventu- European University (CEU), Budapest, to the academy, the highlight of which was an ally dropped, shortened, merged or sharpened, ­Hungary); The Graduate Institute of excellent keynote speech by Stefan Kornelius, because no common ground could be found ­International and Development Studies the renowned German journalist who serves as among the various competing “lobbies”. There (IHEID), Geneva, Switzerland; the local insti- the head of the international section at were particularly vocal and heated arguments tution Ludwig Maximillians University ­Süddeutsche Zeitung. And next day entailed on the recommendations surrounding the (LMU), Munich, Germany) and for the first presentations by various university teams per- Turkish accession process, common agricul- time Princeton University, Princeton, USA; taining to their projects. Vivid discussions en- tural policy, and on EU defense and security and the Saïd Business School at Oxford Uni- sued after each presentation, which were not issues. Also, for the first time, the results were Guest speaker Stefan Kornelius versity, Oxford, UK. Therefore, the program only insightful and provocative, but also cov- commented on by the NGO Citizens for branched out from European shores for the ered diverse issues such as financial regulation ­Europe and published in 2013 in the Open first time, which was a big leap for the ASA. in the aftermath of the crisis (Oxford) to Citizenship magazine. Students discussing with Prof. Zucconi on defence issues 14 Internal Affairs Internal Affairs 15

“Be creative and Jackpot Projects innovative” Alumni in action

Prof. Pythagoras Petratos grew up in Volos, The Jackpot Project Program of the Allianz Cultural Foundation aims to encourage their alumni to ­develop their own Greece. At the ASA 2013, he was the coordinator projects and hereby to strengthen the alumni network. Three applications get ­financial support in 2014. The Youth of the team from the Saïd Business School, ­Dialogue 2014 of the Junior Diplomat Initiative and the ­Franco-British Summit 2014 of the Franco-British Connections Oxford ­University. Here he talks about his ­diverse were successfully started in the ­previous year(s) and will be continued. Partners in Learning is an ambitious pilot research interests, the ­European financial crisis, project for more ­academic mobility ­between the EU and the countries of the Middle East and North Africa. and the ASA.

Prof. Petratos at the Allianz Summer Academy 2013

Partners in Learning – The Franco-British Summit 2014 an outreach project on EU-MENA Tell us a bit about your childhood, and then a and a paradigm shift, taking into account the The Franco-British Connections are inviting ­academic mobility bit about your university life and professional idiosyncrasies of European nations. international students to the Franco-British This initiative aims to reinforce academic part- interests. Volos (Greece), where I grew up, is companies, pension funds, and governments Summit 2014 to raise their interest in Franco- nerships between European and MENA where my family has lived for more than 150 face significant risk and uncertainty. Innova- How has your experience been with the British affairs and to foster mutual understand- ­universities. Despite of the existence of ex- years. It is a town with great ancient history tive finance partnerships between the public ­Allianz Cultural Foundation, and thoughts ing while commemorating the 100th anniver- change programs and bilateral institutional and natural beauty, combining Mount Pelion and private sector are needed to ­guarantee on the ASA 2013? In general, ASA is a great sary of World War I and the 110th year of the relations between these regions, very few stu- with the sea. I studied in many places, but idea. Bringing talented people together Entente Cordiale. dents from the MENA countries study in Eu- Oxford was exceptional. It has a tradition Bringing talented people ­together ­stimulates them to see the broader picture and The Junior Diplomat Initiative Youth During the two days of the summit the current rope and vice versa. Also after the Arab Spring of educating leaders for over eight centu- future challenges, rather than staying within state of Franco-British relations and possible the political, economical and security situation stimulates them to see the broad- Dialogue 2014 – Conference on the ries in various fields, and a unique colle- narrow limits. The focus on including new European External Action Service evolution scenarios will be discussed and ana- in these countries is precarious. giate system. In that sense, it encourages er picture and future challenges countries and institutions is also great. It is The 2nd Youth Dialogue tackles an important lyzed. 150 students with different academic and So what to do? Since there is lack of informa- plurality which is essential to understand very encouraging to observe the richness of problem for most Central and Eastern national background from French, British and tion exchange and promotion of mobility and today’s interdependent, globalized world. thoughts of young people. Such initiates should ­European countries (EEAS) – the underrepre- German universities are expected to attend. dialogue, the alumni want to organize an edu- Saïd ­Business School, where I teach, is also ­effective healthcare provisions. Similar features only ­expand! sentation in the European External Action Some workshops will have an exclusive focus cation fair and workshops to help to improve ­embedded in this tradition, and attempts to also apply to infrastructure finance. Many de- Service. The organizers see a need of dialogue on Franco-British relations, while others will communication between stakeholders in Tunis, tackle the world’s challenging problems. This veloped countries lack sufficient infrastructure Finally, some advice to youngsters in Europe? on the future role and functioning of the EEAS. have a more European approach. The work- Tunisia. Exchange of ideas, information, best aligns to my interdisciplinary interests, cover- investment, not only in hospitals, but also in Be creative and innovative. We live in a big The conference is divided in three panels, shops include topics like the foreign affairs practices is therefore a key issue. The target ing various issues within finance and econom- education, transportation, energy, informa- community, and traveling and working in dif- which bring together academic experts, young cooperation in Europe, the role of France and people are university students as well as pro- ics, politics, technology and the environment. tion infrastructure, and defence and security. ferent European countries is fun and beneficial. professionals and diplomats. Speaking re- Britain in international development, the co- gram coordinators from Libya, Egypt, ­Morocco Without sufficiently investing in these sectors, So please do it! searchers discuss the structure of the EEAS, its operation of France and Britain in counter- and Israel. Therefore, a series of meetings at Could you clarify your research interests a we will not attain high growth rates, security historical background, its future development terrorism and defence and many more. universities and associated institutions will be bit further, while focusing on your interdis- and prosperity in the future. Interview by Arunabh Singh (ASA 2011) and the position of the Czech Republic in it. organized to inform about possibilities to Further information available from Jean-Pascal Sibiet. ciplinary background? What I view as increas- Afterwards EEAS diplomats report about their work, study and research in the EU. One part ingly important are emerging challenges that What are your thoughts of European inte- role in the EEAS and the differences of respon- of the project consists of a workshop with cannot be explained by one expert or approach. gration, pertaining to the financial crisis? sibilities between the work of a diplomat for a ­higher education professionals from EU and Thus, innovative approaches are needed to Infrastructure investment in Europe, particu- country and for the EU. Young professionals MENA countries. Also this workshop is aiming mitigate new risks. So, I try to apply such ap- larly with an augmented participation of the from the field of EEAS will be discussing on the to develop a network between the participating proaches to my research, and combine different private sector that is less bureaucratic, could third panel. The participating students will re- ­universities. fields of knowledge to provide comprehensive boost economic growth, increase employment ceive first hand information and diplomatic solutions. My expertise is in finance, and my ef- and welfare. Infrastructure investment in career advice. Are you interested? Please contact Julia Michalsky or Adrienn Nyircsák. fort is to investigate numerous emerging issues. ­European transnational networks would en- Specifically, health costs are rising and better hance integration and bring Europeans closer. Do you want to participate? Please contact Lucia Klincová. Texts by Anna Lászlo (ASA 2008) health finance is becoming critical. ­Insurance In general, Europe would need a new vision Working with the ASA participants 16 Internal Affairs Internal Affairs 17

Alumni Survey education. Lack of time was the main reason Alumni Council. Beyond a general interest in for not attending alumni events or not being Europe, alumni attended alumni events be- active. The majority of respondents were from what does that mean for the Alumni Council cause of networking, the speakers during the Professionals the first and the latest ASA generations. Eight and the ACF? The answer is quiet simple: the events and the event format. When looking at alumni from 2004 (13 ­%), 17 from 2011 ACF and the Alumni Council need to elabo- the opinions of alumni on potential future ac- (27 ­%) and eight from 2013 (13 ­%) completed rate programs related to education and profes- tivities in the alumni network, top activities the survey. sionalization which include incentives like alumni would be likely to contribute to are lo- on the move traveling opportunities. One program of the cal alumni activities and an alumni mentoring Regarding Europe, over 50 ­% of respon- scheme. They are also likely to participate in an dents are interested mostly in the political 2014 and 2015 most alumni event calendar and networking activi- aspects of Europe followed by a quarter of certainly will be full of ties within the ASA and the ACF. those interested in European economy and 14 ­% interested in the cultural aspects. interesting activities And that’s not it: highly interesting answers can Also 98 ­% of the respondents said that they ACF which is highly valued because of its be found for the question about the uniqueness were and are in touch with other ASA alumni educational and networking aspects is the of the alumni network. Besides that the net- for different reasons. Alumni Academy. Being one of the forms of work is famous for its diversity and quality of direct engagement between alumni, the people which “brings together people in a fun, And in terms of their spare time: what do Allianz Alumni Academy is valued most relaxed atmosphere with great facilities and op- most ASA alumni have in common? The an- alongside with Jackpot Projects, the alumni portunities to keep in touch”. The network cre- swer is traveling. It is one of the most impor- newsletter via email, European wide activities ates personal relationships and a European tant spare time activities for most alumni. So of the ACF, the alumni magazine and the spirit, a diverse and professional network and it is valued for its flexibility. And now there is one question which needs to be asked: what will the Alumni Council and ACF do with these answers? In short term, the responses are Other 9% and will be used for the planning of the Alum- It is a good opportunity to travel ni Academy 2014 and further programs for 20% It´s fun I am personally interested alumni by the ACF. 38% in Europe 81% I want to listen to interesting experts and speakers Taking all this input from your side into ac- The ASA 2013 participants in Kempfenhausen 55% count, the Alumni Council, together with the I want to enhance my communication and intercultural skills I am professionally interested ACF, will conceive new event formats and de- 25% in Europe 64% velop the Alumni Academy 2014 so that many Being part of the ASA alumni network means being part of a diverse group of highly ­qualified profession- I am interested in students from participating universities more of you get involved in alumni activities als and students. The network is now ten years old and consists of people of different backgrounds. The 28% I like the format 44% and further develop the network. The focus of results of the survey are presented in this article. I want to build my network of contacts these new programs will be career aspects and 52% will certainly include traveling. So 2014 and The main reasons for the ASA participation Ten years of Allianz Summer Academy (ASA). well as questions, where one could enter in- 2015 most certainly will be full of interesting seven ASA generations. Fifteen participating formation and statements. Are you now curi- activities that alumni can attend, like partici- universities. 150 Alumni from over 30 coun- All alumni received an email from the ­Alumni ous about the outcome of the survey ? Would pating in the Munich Security Conference, or tries. The ASA alumni network is getting Council with a link to a online-survey tool. you like to know, what kind of measures will Likely to contribute Likely to participate Not interested other events organized by the ACF and its part-

larger and larger and includes consultants in The survey covered questions about identity, be taken by the Alumni Council together with 5% ners. Alumni can always contribute with ideas 100% 9% 12% 9% 7% 9% European institutions, national governments, current location, age, interests, occupation, the ACF based on the results of the survey? 90% 26% and suggestions on possible activities and renowned corporations, scientists, activ- Then you might get some answers now! 63 80% 53% events by addressing themselves to the Alumni 70% ists, students and many more. Since the alumni completed the survey, which makes a 67% Council and the ACF. The exchange of ideas 10 years of ASA, 7 generations, 58% 67% 73% 60% 80% 73% 73% network is getting more diverse it was time 43 ­% participation rate. Now it is time to pres- 56% makes the network more lively and the pro- 15 participating universities, 50% for the newly elected members of the ent the results. grams and opportunities more diverse. So the 40% Alumni Council to take the pulse of the 150 Alumni from over Alumni Council and the ACF call out to every 30% 74% 47% 9% network, so that they can start to develop Seven ASA generations mean that the mem- 20% alumnus and alumna to be active and have his 30 countries 45% 31% 35% 31% new ideas and programs for alumni to- bers of the alumni network are between 21 10% 22% 27% 18% or her say. Alumni can always propose projects. gether with the Allianz Cultural Foundation priorities, hobbies and their interests on and 37. Different ages equal different priorities 0% So, there most certainly will be interesting new city Other (ACF). As a first action the Alumni Council alumni issues and opinions about the current and goals. Speaking of statistics, the survey Career advice Foundation developments in the ASA alumni network in Alumni yearbook ultural kills training workshops C Alumni activities Sin your Alumni mentoring scheme Alumni calendar of events developed an survey to find out more about alumni programs of the ACF. The survey was has shown that the top priorities of alumni are Networking with Allianz Group the coming months. the alumni, their ideas and involvement in the designed in a mixed answer-type layout, their partners and families, getting a job/pro- Networking with Allianz network. which included multiple choice questions as motion, their professional network and their Potential future activities of the ASA alumni network by Anna Lászlo (ASA 2008) 18 Reflections Reflections 19

process has become less transparent, rather than becoming more democratic.” The activists of European Alternatives try to European Alternatives place European citizens at the center of the ­European Project – that’s the rationale behind the Citizens Pact for European Democracy pro- cess, which led to a series of policy proposals in the Citizens Manifesto. They aim to get these Democracy, Equality proposals to the ears of members of the Euro- pean Parliament and to convince them to sup- port them. At the same time, this NGO will continue building bridges with local and na- and Culture beyond tional movements to help them develop a trans- national link. One initiative planned for 2014 is

An event of European Alternatives the so called ‘Transeuropa Caravans: connect- ing local alternative voices’. Six caravans of the Nation State young Europeans including filmmakers will national event. A one of a kind festival, which travel Europe on six different routes and meet takes place every year simultaneously in with local activists to discuss the policy propos- ­different cities of Europe, it celebrates culture als for Europe of European Alternatives. “Dur- Make ideas come true and arts and always has a strong focus on ing the trip video-makers will put interviews ­European politics. In 2013, the Transeuropa online on a daily basis with the people we meet One of the projects of European Alternatives in Festival was held in 13 cities across Europe and and produce a video diary of the trip. We will 2014 is a rating agency which will rate political was co-funded by the Allianz Cultural also use the footage to produce a transnational grouping’s programs for the European election ­Foundation. Through a series of joint prac- by the principles of the manifesto. After the tices and events, panels and performances, The energy and enthusiasm elections one can follow up to see if elected rep- ­forums and video screenings, it promotes an coming out from the democracy resentatives respect their official programs and alternative idea of Europe. “The Festival cre- promises. “It will also be important to keep up ates a common platform for people who are activists in the Mediterranean with our demands and to create synergies not located in the same geographical place also calls for more synergies among those who want their voices to be heard but share a similar interest and want to act by political representatives and institutions” No words needed and collaborations together”, says ­Ségolène. Its engine is the says Ségolène. ­Transeuropa ­Network and its activists, who run documentary film”, says Séverine Lenglet, the the festival in their home cities with support of audio-visual coordinator of European Alterna- Reaching out to non-EU countries European Alternatives is a transnational civil society organization with the objective to helping build an alternative Europe. sponsors, local partners and volunteers. tives and the chief director for this film, who The activities of the Transeuropa Network and Over the last years it became a pioneer for human and citizen’s rights, minority and migration issues, democracy across shot as well the short film about the ASA. She European Alternatives have also passed the bor- Europe and beyond it. Their work focuses on mobilizing citizens to stand up for their rights and beliefs and to build an active We are Europeans – we have the same also coordinated the video production of the ders of the European Union, since they think civil society, with political, social and cultural dialogue between stakeholders and citizens. rights! film ‘It Gets Better’, dealing with personal sto- that it is highly important to work also in coun- 2014 is a crucial year for Europe. It is the year ries of Lesbian-Gay-Bisexual-Transsexuals tries which consider themselves and are for people demanding changes for Europe and (LGBT) about their coming out. She also lead a ­European, such as Serbia and other countries in to challenge and question the candidates for the video team for the project ‘Voices for a Diverse the Balkan area or the Eastern Partnership horizontal, transnational network of activists, European Parliament and their political pro- Europe’, a film about the personal stories of Countries. “The energy and enthusiasm coming was born. This network is today the “backbone grams. These elections enhance the need to second generation migrants in Europe. She her- out from the democracy activists in the Medi- Then and now of European Alternatives” says Ségolène. Its discuss new ways of dealing with Europe’s prob- self came to European Alternatives in 2009 be- terranean also calls for more synergies and col- The organization was founded 2007 in London, members come from all over the world, meet on lems. The team of European Alternatives wants cause of a need to contribute “to change things laborations. Finally we have projects as far as around the London Festival of Europe “with the a regular basis and work together on different to attack a key issue for Europe’s future: the in Europe, together with people from very China and Brazil, with our transnational dia- willingness not to remain upset with the state projects. They strive to create real and genuine questions of civil rights. Politicians constantly ­different countries”, says Séverine. logues projects – an open and ongoing cross- of the European Union but to act, to demand transnational politics in Europe and promote a question the freedom of movement in Europe. media platform managing and creating artistic change and to enthuse a greater number of European society and culture by having a They have aggressive discourses towards mi- and cultural projects that facilitates artists, pro- people to do so, approaching Europe via the ­bottom-up approach. Organized in local grants from non-European countries. These fessionals, intellectuals and writers from Eu- lenses of art and culture rather than just those groups, they conduct activities focused on factors together with the ongoing discrimina- rope, China and Brazil to come together for of economics, finance and institutions”, says transnational topics in their cities and engage tion against Roma, are a sign that basic civil exchanges. We’ve always thought that Europe Ségolène Pruvot, copresident of European in common projects with the other offices. rights are vulnerable in the EU. “Europe is be- cannot only look inwards but also defines itself ­Alternatives and alumna of the ASA. After three ­Local groups ­exist all over Europe in 20 coming more unequal: it is the only continent in its exchanges with the rest of the world” ex- successful editions of the festival, the founders ­different cities. according the International Red Cross in which plains Ségolène in her function as codirector of felt the need to initiate a transnational move- the gap between the poorest and the richest has European Alternatives. ment of people trying to build a Europe of citi- The Transeuropa Festival increased over the recent years! And unemploy- zens and to enact European citizenship. This is The Transeuropa Festival is a trademark of ment also does not decrease”, says Ségolène. by Anna Lászlo (ASA 2008) Transeuropa Festival at the Allianz Forum in Berlin when the idea of the Transeuropa Network, a ­European Alternatives and a celebrated inter- “Finally, the European Union’s decision making Transeuropa Festival in Paris 20 Forum Forum 21

Offshore Financial Centers Tax and Global Affairs and the City Work in a Think-Tank

To pay or not to pay? Ioana (far right) with other participants at the ASA 2011

After working in the Slovak NGO sector and jurisdictions in the USA and some other indus- I currently work as a researcher for an interna- doubts about their marketable skills. In the cur- deepening my professional experience through trialized countries. Most of them are also less tional foundation based in Geneva called Geneva rent economic context, jobs, entry-level and internships at NATO and the EU, I returned to hedge funds, the overwhelming majority of compliant with international standards than Centre for Security Policy (GCSP). GCSP more ever, like many of us, I had not given much con- beyond, are scarce in every field and, arguably academia in 2013 to pursue a PhD at the which were registered offshore. About half of their ‘traditional’ island counterparts. Experts generally focuses on research, training, work- sideration to practical and long-term profes- even more so in think tanks or research organi- ­Department of Asian and International Studies all international lending and a third of all for- agree that given enough political will and reg- shops and courses in the field of security, diplo- sional plans in the beginning, and it was zations. This prospect is quite daunting even for of the City University of Hong Kong. In my eign direct investment is routed through OFCs, ulatory coordination among the rich developed macy and international affairs. The events and primarily the academic offer of the program that the most enthusiastic students who are rather research, I focus on OFCs, also known as tax and a third of global wealth resides there. Tax countries, the OFC problem could be solved courses organized by the GCSP are tailored for played a ­major role in my decision. Studying encouraged to pursue more ‘employable’ tracks havens, and lead International Political Econ- avoidance is conservatively estimated to cost immediately. In fact, Ronen Palan, a noted varied audiences and gather students, young pro- international affairs in Geneva is an excellent fit (in which case the usually implicit assumption omy seminars at the undergraduate level. states between $800 billion and $1 trillion per scholar in the field, argues that the nebulous- fessionals, as well as senior level experts from the for me, and as some of my peers and fellow is studying science, math, engineering, or even ness of offshore is a ruse enabling governments military or civilian sectors of various countries. alumni point out, the experience comparable to finance). These are legitimate concerns but, as I find the issues raised around OFCs fasci- About half of all international to support unfettered capitalism while de- studying art ­history in Rome or Paris. It offers always, there is room for hope for talented and nating because they cut to the heart of the nouncing it. The subjects covered in my program are quite countless possibilities to find professional motivated people even when auspices seem un- most salient discussions of our contempo- lending and a third of all wide-ranging and have covered varied themes, ­opportunities around, engage in exciting extra- favorable. rary post-financial crisis era: re-regulation foreign direct investment is My research deals with the contemporary de- from political transitions and reforms across the curricular activities, network and gain exposure and restructuring of the global financial routed through OFCs velopments in the struggle for regulation of Middle East after the Arab Spring to science and to events with experts who are at the cutting Events like the ASA provide an excellent occasion system; equitable redistribution of wealth; OFCs: the key actors and interests, sources of technology, such as the impact of emerging to explore interesting and timely topics with fel- the role of states and markets as regulators and year. The lackluster efforts to prevent future influence, strategies employed, and the ways technologies (nanotechnology, artificial in- A wonderful occasion for a low students in a multidisciplinary environment. redistributors; and the crisis of legitimacy fac- financial catastrophes have shown that any through which they shape discourses. The telligence, etc.) on international security and Our event in 2011 (which I enjoyed immensely), ing Western democracies. In other words, they ­optimism should be guarded, but the truth is complexity of problems associated with OFCs geopolitics. The diversity of the topics cov- multicultural dialogue and a for instance, gathered students of economics, point to the most fundamental question facing scarier still, because regulating onshore sectors, needs to rise to the forefront of societal interest, ered at GCSP has also inspired me to further great milieu for expanding European studies, international law, and political our societies: what kind of a world do we want where most of the activity has been concen- and I am excited to devote my full attention to hone my interests, as well as widen my own one’s professional circle science. ASA events are therefore extremely op- to live in? trated thus far, achieves virtually nothing if the this area in the coming years. Should business areas of research. portune for exchanges of ideas and perspectives offshore status quo remains. as usual prevail, ‘Merry Crisis and a Happy edge of their fields, such as diplomacy, law, across disciplines and cultures, both through the The aftermath of the crisis has laid bare not New Fear’ can be expected to adorn the walls I have indeed been fortunate to find an oppor- peacebuilding and security, and development. academic sessions and the social events. Addi- only the dangers of unregulated capitalism, but Serious efforts to effectively regulate OFCs of many more cities than Athens, and may well tunity that closely matches my specialization None of these factors, however, are a guarantee tionally, like any international event, they are appears to have confirmed the dominance of have largely failed in the past, and appear to be become the slogan of our times. Let’s get to and degree, yet facilitated by a series of ­particular for success, unless the opportunities are comple- wonderful occasions for a multicultural dialogue capital-controlled markets over states and their going nowhere today. Sovereignty and an image work! and rather fortuitous factors. The road was mented by hard work. and a great milieu for expanding one’s profes- regulatory and redistributive roles. OFCs play of a hopeless loss of control are often invoked paved first by having chosen a very strategic sional circle or for creating common projects. a crucial role in this mosaic. While they were to mask the reality of the issue. The truth is that by Michael Tyrala (ASA 2011) ­location for my Master studies, pursued at the Every social science graduate, and especially one not responsible for the crisis, they facilitated it ‘offshore’ is a misnomer; the biggest tax haven Graduate Institute of International and of subjects like International Relations, is faced by Ioana Puşcaş (ASA 2011) through securitization, orphan companies and in the world is the City of London, followed by ­Development Studies (IHEID) in Geneva. How- with a series of relentless questions and self- 22 Portrait of an Alumna Portrait of an Alumna 23

IMPRINT ASAEUROPEAN

Chief Editor: Arunabh Singh Turning international Editorial Board: Andreas Lorek, Anna Lászlo, Arunabh Singh, Naďa Kovalčíková, Stephanie Carstensen Concept Manager: Naďa Kovalčíková Picture Editor: Anna Lászlo Contributors: Andreas Lorek, Andrew experiences into Sartorius, Anna Lászlo, Arunabh Singh, Ioana Puşcaş, Michael Tyrala, Naďa Kovalčíková, Stephanie Carstensen Proofreader: Lisa Wicklund Photo Credits: 401(K) 2012 (p. 20), Andreas worthy causes Lorek (p. 3), Bernhard Ludewig (p. 11), Elvert Barnes (p. 7), European Alternatives (p. 18- 19), Ilma Rakusa (p.11), Jan Kotík and Kryštof Šťastný/ Collectif Comet - Oumeya el Ouadie (p. 15), Jehona Gjurgjeala (p. 17), Jessica Masulli (p. 9), Julia Michalsky (p. 22), Kamen Julia with Professor Marie-Pierre Granger during the ASA 2013 Tabakov (back cover), Kara Harkins (p. 7), Louise Ferguson (p. 2), Migrant Visions/ www. migrantvisions.eu (p. 4-5), Piervincenzo Canale (p. 9), pug50 (p. 4), Robert Niedring as a political system does have its flaws, she (p. 2, 12-14, 16, 21, 23), Romana Klee (p. 6), Simon M. Imgold (p. 10), takomabibelot (p. 8), nevertheless is hopeful that the system will re- identify financial assistance and opportunities xsized (cover) main in place and will be improved, also with to study or work in the other region and giving the help of the various ASA generations. Start- them additional help. “We received some very Publisher: Allianz Kulturstiftung, Pariser Platz 6, D-10117 Berlin ed as an organization aiming at economic encouraging feedback on our idea”, says Julia. Tel: +49 30 2091 5731-30 ­cooperation, she emphasizes that this entity The project will kick off officially in Tunisia in Fax: +49 30 2091 5731-40 brought peace to a continent which until E-Mail: [email protected] Layout Concept: Double Standards, Berlin the establishment of the European Coal and The key to building a strong Steel Community had experienced centu- Publishing Company: and peaceful society lies in TEMPUS CORPORATE – ries of military conflict. “Although nation- Julia Michalsky can truly say the world is her oyster. Her ­international multicultural exchange Ein Unternehmen des ZEIT Verlags al sentiments still exist in each EU country, Berlin office: Askanischer Platz 3, ventures during high school, her university studies and her extra­curricular the European idea has become more substan- autumn 2014. “As part of the Erasmus genera- 10963 Berlin activities enabled her to develop a deep appreciation for different cultures Hamburg office: Buceriusstraße, tial. People are more willing to accept cultural tion, we feel that we benefited so much from Eingang Speersort 1, 20095 Hamburg as well as an eagerness to constantly expose herself to new environ- differences and discover different countries”, our international experiences”, she explains. Management Board: Ulrike Teschke, ments. she says. In other words, the key to building a “But we also believe that cultural exchange can Manuel J. Hartung Project Manager: Andreas Lorek Julia on the book floor strong and peaceful society lies in multicul- improve the stability of a country – and that is Production: Dirk Schmoll, DIE ZEIT tural exchange. what drives us to start off in a country like Printing Shop: MERKUR DRUCK GMBH, Oststraße 49, 22844 Norderstedt ­Tunisia. We are also looking for people to join With the world becoming ever more global- Peace which was founded shortly after World Passing on positive experiences to other us. So anyone who has contacts to universities Reproduction in whole or in part is not ized, opportunities to experience different War II by the Protestant Church in Germany. in the EU or MENA region, is skilled in project permitted without the written permission of young adults the publisher. The publisher regrets that he countries and cultures are continuously ex- ­studies at Maastricht University in the Nether- Here, she supported projects in Germany, the This thought is reflected in her application management or knows more about Arab spring cannot accept liability for errors or omissions panding. Someone who has made extensive use lands, earning a bachelor’s degree in European Netherlands and the Czech Republic. In for a Jackpot Project at the Allianz Cultural countries, please get in touch!” contained in this publication, however caused. The articles contained in this publication reflect of these chances is Julia Michalsky, member of Studies. At the moment, she is a master’s stu- ­addition, she participated in a number of sum- Foundation. “We were inspired by the Arab the authors opinion and not the views of the the ASA 2013 team from the Central European dent at CEU in Hungary, reading Comparative mer schools, focusing on topics related to the Spring, when we chose to write about coopera- Understanding history to understand politics publisher or the editorial board. University (CEU) in Budapest. Speaking to her History in Central, Eastern and South-Eastern ­current political, social and cultural situation tion between the EU and the MENA region re- When deciding what to do for her Master’s de- makes you feel immediately inspired by Julia’s Europe and due to finish her degree this in Ukraine. garding energy, migration and higher education gree, she decided to follow the advice a profes- stories from her stays abroad to pack up for the ASA 2013. Following that, Adrienn and sor once gave her: “If you want to understand your worldly belongings and settle in a dif- Her fondest memories of Reflections on Europe I felt that there was still more we could do with politics in Eastern Europe, you have to know ferent part of the world. The impression she university life in the Netherlands Her fondest memories of university life in the our ideas. And when we learnt about the Jack- the history of these countries”. Here, her first- gives is that she is happy to expose herself Netherlands are – apart from her studies – the pot Projects, we wanted to give it a try”, Julia hand experiences which she gathered during a to new environments and let these positive are the intercultural dinners intercultural dinners she helped organize as a explains her involvement in submitting an ap- nine-month stay in Romania, various summer experiences motivate her to spend another ­summer. While undertaking various intern- board member of the Student Chaplaincy plication for a jackpot project proposal. So schools in Ukraine and a project for the Action Please find the digital version for length of time in a new country. Currently, she ships such as at the Center for Central and Tafelstraat 13. Here, she got together with peo- what started off as a paper for the ASA quickly Reconciliation Service for Peace in the Czech Browser, Android and iPhone at is in Budapest, studying for a Master’s degree. Eastern Europe at the German Council on For- ple from other cultures and discussed political turned into a project idea, aimed at encourag- Republic are definitely an asset. She has a thor- kulturstiftung.allianz.de/en/alumni eign Relations, the European Academy in Ber- and everyday issues. These multicultural gath- ing exchange between young adults from the ough understanding of different national An extraordinary background lin or assisting with the organization of a re- erings enabled her to appreciate the challenge EU and the MENA region. Essentially, the proj- mindsets – something which rounds off her Raised in Berlin, Germany, she got her first in- search trip sponsored by the German Foreign of reaching agreements – an experience which ect consists of two parts: Firstly, it is about im- experiences on multicultural exchange during ternational experience by going on a school Ministry for Brussels correspondents to the was reflected in her studies of the European proving cooperation between universities from her bachelor’s studies rather nicely. exchange visit to Fort Wayne in the US. After German government and ministries, she is also Union. This too is a congregation of people the EU and MENA countries and secondly, it completing her high school education in Berlin, involved in voluntary projects. Examples in- from various countries to find political solu- is about supporting young adults from the by Stephanie Carstensen (ASA 2008) she decided to pursue her undergraduate clude the Action Reconciliation Service for tions to problems. Although she admits the EU MENA region, intending to visit the EU, to “Globalization has not been a conscious aim. It is neither completely ‘good’ nor ‘bad’ but it has become a reality that we all have to deal with.” – Naďa Kovalčíková (ASA 2009) links the effects of globalization with migration (P. 4–5)

“A Eurofound study showed that, despite the recession, almost 40 ­% of ­companies reported difficulty in finding workers with the right skills. By 2015, about 900,000 technology sector vacancies may go unfilled in the EU, the European Commission warned.” – Arunabh Singh (ASA 2011) argues for the need to ease high-skill immigration restrictions within the EU (P. 6)

“The truth is that immigration is a natural and necessary part of Europe. For instance, to speak of the history of ­Europe is to speak of a history of migration.” – Stephanie Carstensen (ASA 2008) lays out the future challenges and ­advantages of immigration to the EU (P. 8–9)

“Writing is sometimes a result of deep despair, so in some cases, that is true. But you can also write during periods of the greatest tranquility and contentedness. What is important for writing is a certain urgency.” – Author Ilma Rakusa talks about her life, values and career (P. 10–11)

“Be creative and innovative. We live in a big community, and traveling and working in different European countries is fun and beneficial. So please do it!” – Prof. Pythagoras Petratos tells young Europeans (P. 14)

“… over 50 ­% of respondents are interested mostly in the political aspects of ­Europe followed by a quarter of those interested in European economy and 14 ­% interested in the cultural aspects. Also 98 ­% of the respondents said that they were and are in touch with other ASA alumni for different reasons.” – Anna Lászlo (ASA 2008) writes about the results from the Alumni Council Survey (P. 16–17)

“The aftermath of the crisis has laid bare not only the dangers of unregulated ­capitalism, but appears to have confirmed the dominance of capital-controlled ­markets over states and their regulatory and redistributive roles. Tax avoidance is ­conservatively estimated to cost states between $800 billion and $1 trillion per year.” – Michael Tyrala (ASA 2011), describes his PhD research interests in the Forum (P. 20)