Index

A'Cheardach Bheag, S Uist 23, 43 Carlungie, souterrain 29, 43 A'Cheardach Mhor, S Uist 43 Douglasmuir3 ,4 Irosit, e e32 nAg : Du Tannadicen& scene , AdaEv ed 419-421man , Boddam, flint source 122 450 Loanhead of Daviot, Iron Age metalworking 35, 44 Farnell, 416 Rattray, agricultural evidenc e latth e f secono e d Finavon, excavatio f Romao n n temporary camp millennium BC 113-125, fiche 1: B2-E4 171-182 Sands of Forvie, ardmarks 123 Early Historic site 2549 25 , Tap O'Not5 4 , h30 Hurly Hawkin, Dundee, souterrain 29, 32, 44 Abernethy, Perthshire, round tower 226-227 Letham Grange, souterrai4 4 , n29 Achindale, , souterrai housd 8 nan 15 e Logie-Pert & Stracathro, Adam and Eve scene Ackergill, , cairn 234 421-4230 ,45 Adam and Eve scenes on kirkyard monuments in the Lundie, Adam and Eve scene 425-426, 450 Lowlands 413^51 Marcus, excavation of Roman temporary camp Adomnan, Lif Columbf eo a 213, 242, 245, 2615 26 , 171-182 aerial photograph8 2 Irositee d , yan nAg s26 Montrose, trial excavations, 1983 358-363 agricultural evidence: Pitcur, souterrai4 4 , n29 ardmarks 116-119, 123 Restenneth Priory 226-227 late second millennium BC, Rattray, Aberdeenshire souterrains 10, 29 113-125, fiche 1:B2-E4 St Vigeans 227 ploughmarks, medieval 360-3613 36 , Tealing III, souterrai5 4 , n29 transhumance d place-namean , n Perthshiri s e animal bone6 14 s 383-402 Cyderhall, Sutherland 157, 1593 , fichA1 : e2 Alcock n reconnaissanco Alcock& A L , E , e deposits in house structures 23-24 excavation Earln so y Historic fortifications animals d transhumancan , e place-namen i s and other Royal sites 1974-84: Forteviot; Perthshire 398-WO Urquhart Castl Dunnottad ean r 215-287 Antonine Frontier, 2 lectur51 n eo t GlutAl n , o Clyde Rock, Dunbartonshire, Ravennad an , s 189-195 excavations 1974-5: catalogu f coinso e , ard shares and ards, wooden 23, 38, 123 metalwork and RB pottery 289-293 ardmarks: (see also ploughmarks) Alcock, E A & Alcock, L, Alt Glut, Clyde Rock, Rattray, Aberdeenshire 116-119, 123 Dunbartonshire, excavations 1974-5: catalogue Rosinish, Benbecula, Inverness-shire 123 of coins, metalwor potterB R d ykan 289-29 3 Sand Forvief so , Aberdeenshire 123 on reconnaisance excavations on Early Historic Ardoch, Perthshire, Roman fort 1801 18 , fortification othed an s r Royal sites 1974—84: ARGYLL: Forteviot; Urquhart Castle and Dunnottar Balloch Hill, enclosurford an t 3 e4 , 1835 , 215-287 brochs in 12 Alt Cille Pheadair, Sutherland, souterrain and house Dun Skeig, fort 18,44 158 Dunadd, Royaford an t l site 210, 258, 2655 27 , Alt Glut, Clyde Rock, Dunbartonshire, excavations Dunollie, Early Historic site 258, 265, 275 1974-5: catalogu f coinseo , metalword an k Finlaggan, Islay, early medieval site 3437 34 , RB pottery 289-293 lona, Viking silver hoard 296, 300-308, 311-314 Anderson, J, lac f referenceko Danieo st l Wilso7 n5 Iron Age settlement distribution in 18 Anderson, M O, on Brude 269 Kilchousland scene , AdaEv ed 435-436man 0 ,45 ANGUS: Kintyre, Laggan, settlemen6 2 , t pattern19 , 18 n si Benvie, cross sla7 b22 Lismore, pin, copper alloy, frustrum headed 351 Brechin, excavations, 1981 355-358 Newton, Islay, possible Early Historic cemetery round tower 226-227 283 530 INDEX

Armit Dunwell& I , Cnipn o , A , Lewis, excavations Benvie, cross sla7 b22 at Sites 2 & 3, 1989 137-143, fiche 1: G 2-10 BERWICKSHIRE: Armit prehistorin o I , c house9 type1 , 13 s Dryburgh Abbey graveyard, Adam and Eve scene on querns 20 439^40, 450 Arniston, Midlothian, cist cemeter3 4 , y38 Broomhouse Mains, souterrai3 4 , n29 arrows, silver, sporting trophies 405, 406 Burnmouth, cist 165-166, 169 artillery fragments 274-275 Coldingham Loch, cist 165, 169 Arts and Crafts movement in Edinburgh, lecture on Edin's Hall, 28-294 4 , , 3139 , 513 Hopes Sandpit, cist 165, 169 Ashmolean Museum, analysis of Viking silver from Kelloe Mains, cist 165, 169 302, 304, 306, 324-5 Marygoldhill, pit alignment 135 Auchendavy, Dunbartonshire, Roman fort 192, 194 Middlefield Farm, cist 165, 169 Auchtermuchty, , excavation of Roman Bhaltos peninsula, Cnip, Lewis, excavations at Sites temporary camp 183-187 2 & 3, 1989 137-143, fiche 1: G 2-10 axes: Biggar, Lanarkshire scene , AdaEv ed 436-437man , ston7 e10 450 working and sources of at Creag na Caillich, transhumancn o Bil , A , e place-name Perthshirn i s e Killin, Perthshire 77-112, fiche 1: A5-11 383^02 AYRSHIRE: Birsay, , Pictish site 210 Buisto0 n Cranno21 , 43 , g27 Black Rocks, Gullane, East Lothian, Iron Age burials Colmonell scene , AdaEv ed m448an 0 45 , 166 Craigie scene , AdaEv ed 447man 0 ,45 Blackburn Mill, East Lothian, ironwork hoard from Dundonald scene , AdaEv ed 447m0 an 45 , 36,43 Largs, Skelmorlie Aisle 417 Blackness Castle, West Lothian, cist 166 Riccarton, Adam and Eve scenes 446-447, 450 blade, iro2 n29 St Quivox scen, AdaEve e 448-449mand ,450 blockhouses 19 Straiten scene , AdaEv ed 440man 0 45 , Boardman botanican o S , l remains from Cyderhall, Sutherland 158, fich : A5-1e2 2 Boddam, Aberdeenshire, flint source 122 balls: bog-butter, depositio4 2 f no silver, sporting trophy 403-411 Bonchester Hill, , Iron Age settlement stone 186 32,35,43 Ballachulish, wooden figurine from 23, 43 bone artefacts, comb 380 Balloch Hill, enclosurford an t 3 e4 , 1835 , bone, human, (see also skeletal material), from Iron Balmuildy, Dunbartonshire, Roman fort 192, 194 domestie Ag c sites 16 Balvaird Castle, Perthshire, excavations 365-382 Boo f Deeko 6 r26 Bamburgh, Anglian site 238, 266 Boonies, Dumfriesshire3 4 , ,32 sitIro, e e31 n Ag Banffshire, Dundarg, promontar4 y4 , for38 t Boreray, Harris, pin, copper alloy, frustrum headed Bannockburn, Stirlingshire, e Irohousd Ag n an e 351 enclosur3 4 , e31 Bornish, Upper Loch, S Uist, dun 345 Bar Hill, Dunbartonshire, Roman fort 192-194 Bowden, Roxburghshire, Adam and Eve scene 439, Barrett, J C on house types and brochs 14, 17 450 on model Iror Scotlane sfo n Ag d 10-112 2 , 21 , Bowduns, Kincardineshire, possible Early Historic barrows: site 282 Pictish 234-237 Bragar, Lewis3 ,4 sit, Iroe e24 n Ag square-ditched 234, 235, 2363 26 , Braidwood, Midlothian, Iron Age site 31, 35, 43 Bateson coinn o , sD froJ , m Dunnotta4 27 r Brechin, Angus, excavations, 1981 355-358 on coins from Alt Glut, Clyde Rock, round tower 226-227 Dunbartonshire 290-291 n Romao Breeze B J n influencD , n Iroe o e Ag n Bateycoppen o , C , r allo fron ypi m Urquhart Castle, Scotlan4 d3 Inverness-shire 351-353 High SocietAntonine th n yo e Frontier, lecturn eo Bearsden, Dunbartonshire, Roman fort 192, 194 512 bells, Perthshire, (see 457-50 r cataloguefo 7 , Brideif Maelchoo n so , n 242, 245, 252, 261, 265, alphabetically arrange parishy db ) 453-508 266 founders, Perthshire (see also 457-50r fo 7 Bridgeness, West Lothian, distance slab 1912 19 , catalogue) 454-456 Bristol, Rhode Island e scen, Ev Adan o ed man Benbecula, see under Inverness-shire for site names churchyard memorial 417-4189 ,44 INDEX 531

brochs, (see also site names) 12, 14 Canadian Ethnology and the Wilson brothers, lecture nucleated 18-19 on 510-511 radiocarbon dates 28 cannon, artillery fragments, Dunnottar 274-275 scale and complexity of 10 Caputh, Perthshire scenee , AdaEv d s man 431^-33 , bronze artefacts: 450 bells 453-508 CaracallalSl, 186 needle 357 Cargill, Perthshire e scen, AdaEv ed 419-421man , pins, frustrum headed 351-353 450 rivets, 'paperclip' 144-146, 147, fiche 1: Gl-10 Carlingwark Loch, Kirkcudbrightshire, ironwork scrap sheet-bronze 141, 144-146 hoard3 4 fro , m36 vessel 357 Carlungie, Angus souterrain 29, 43 brooch, penannular, silver 243 , Perthshire, Roman fort 187 Broomhouse Mains, Berwickshire, souterrain 29, 43 Carriden, West Lothian, Roman fort 1912 19 , Broug Birsayf ho , church 341, 3439 34 , Carronbridge, Dumfriesshire, Iron Age site 31, 43 Brown cropmarksn o , M , , Forteviot 231-234 Carter, S on soil analysis, Loanleven, Perthshire Broxmouth, East Lothian, hillfort 27-28, 31, 32, 34, 133-134 35,36,39,43 on soil samples from North Belton Farm cist Iron Age cemetery 166 167-168 Brude 269 carved stones, (see also Pictish period) Bu, broch, Orkney 21,43 and burials 263-264 Buckland, P, lecture on fleas, flies and farmers: an cross slabs, (see also Pictish period) 227, entomology of archaeology 511-512 238-242, 264 Buiston Crannog0 , Ayrshir21 , 43 , e27 monuments, kirkyard, Adam and Eve scenes Burghead, , Pictish stone 280 413-451 Burgi Geos, , blockhous chevaud an e e d x Castlecary, Stirlingshire, Roman fort 192-194 frise 19,43 Castle Hill, Inverness, possible Royal sit5 e26 Burnmouth, Berwickshire, cist 165-166, 169 Castle Hill, Stirlingshire, Roman fort 1924 19 , Burnswark Hill, Dumfriesshire, Iron Age site 31, 34, Castlehill Wood, Stirlingshire3 4 , 32 n du , 38,43 Castlelaw, souterrain and fort, Midlothian 30, 31, 43 Burray, Orkney, Viking silver hoard 295-296, Castleton Muir, Roxburghshire, cist 165, 169 300-308,311-314,319 Catstane, Midlothian, long cist cemetery 203-204 BUTE: cauldrons: Dorothy Marshal6 5- l Abercairney 145 Glenvoidean, chambered cairn5 Cnip, Lewis, scrap sheet-bronz rivetd ean s from Plan Farm, Viking silver hoard 296, 300-308, 145, fiche 1: Gl-10 311-314,319 Culbin Sands, Moray-shire 145 Butler, M, on pottery from Cyderhall, Sutherland Elvanfoot 145 159 cemeteries: Early Bronze Age, Loanleven, Perthshire 127-128 Iron Age, cist cemeteries 38-39 Cadder, Lanarkshire, Roman fort 192, 194 long cist cemetery, Four Winds, Longniddry, East Caisteal Bheagram, Benbecula, buildings 347 Lothian 197-206 CAITHNESS: Pictish, Garbeg, Inverness-shir3 e26 Ackergill, cairn 234 Urquhar6 24 t Crosskirk, broch 18, 20, 43 Ceolfrith 226 Lybster, church 341, 349 chambered cairns, Glenvoidean, Bute5 Nybster, nucleated broch sit4 e4 , 1819 , charcoal, Cyderhall, Sutherland 1564 , fichA1 : e2 prehistoric house types 13 Charters, Royal 363 Forsef o g , Wa house 165 4 , Chester, Cheshire, Viking silver hoard 296, 299, Yarrows, nucleated broch site 18, 45 300-308,311-314,318 camps, Roman temporary: chevau e frisd blockhoused x an e , Burgi Geos, Auchtermuchty, Fife, excavation of 183-187 Shetland 19, 43 Finavon and Marcus, excavation of 171-182 church and other bells of Perthshire, (see 457-507 Campsie, Stirlingshire, Adam and Eve scene 435, for catalogue, alphabetically arranged by 450 parish) 453-508 Camptoun, East Lothian, cist cemeter3 4 , y38 church sites, early medieval, Wester Northerd nan n Canada, Daniel Wilson's career in 56-57, 59, 63-65 Isles, see also site names 329-350 532 INDEX

Cille Donnain, late Norse Church, on S Uist 329-350 charcoaln Croneo A B , , Cyderhall, Sutherland fiche cists: 2: A14 cemeteries, Iron Age 38-39 on North Belton Farm, Dunbar, excavation of Iron Iron Age, North Belton Farm, Dunbar, excavation Age cist 161-170, fich : C2-1e2 0 of 161-170, fiche 2: C2-10 cropmarks, Forteviot 231-236 long cist cemetery, Four Winds, Longniddry, East Cross Kirk, Clibberswick, Unst, church 343, 349 Lothian 197-206 cross slabs, 227, 238-2424 26 , CLACKMANNANSHIRE: Crosskirk, Caithness, broch 18, 20, 43 kirkyard monuments 414 Croy Hill, Dunbartonshire, Roman fort 192,194 0 1 Iroe n o n, Ag Clark C V eD Croydon, Surrey, Viking silver hoard 296, 299, Clatchard Craig, Fife, Early Historic site 275 300-308,311-314,324 Clettraval, N Uist, Inverness-shire, Iron Age crucibles, Early Christian period 207-208, 210-213 structure 16, 43 Cuerdale, Lanes, Viking silver hoard 296, 299, e Bell Th f Perthshir o sn o Clouston, M eW R , 300-308,311-314,323-324 453-508 Cummings, E, lecture on Arts and Crafts movement Clunie, Perthshire e scen, AdaEv ed 423-424man , in Edinburgh 513 450 curling stones 379-380 Clyde Rock, Dunbartonshire 217, 218, 251, 259, 275 silver 405,407 Alt Glut, Dunbartonshire, excavations 1974-5: Cyderhall, Sutherland, excavation of souterrain and catalogue of coins, metalwork and RB pottery roundhouse 149-160, fiche 2: A5-B7 289-293 Cnip, Lewis, excavations at Sites 2 & 3, 1989 137-143, fiche 1:G 1-10 daggers, wooden from Over Rig, Dumfrieshir, 38 e wheelhouse 16, 23-243 ,4 44 coins: Dalladies, Kincardineshire, Iron Age site 32, 35, 36, Anglo Saxon 3, 302, 304-306, 309, 311-312, 316, 43,158-159 318,323,327 Dalland n Fouo , r M ,Winds , Longniddry, East Arabic 310-312, 316-3173 32 , Lothian, excavatio f lonno g cist cemetery Carolingian 304-305, 310-312, 318, 323 197-206, fich D2-E: e2 6 Edwar dpennieI s 290-291 Dalmahoy, nuclear for2 t silver penny 274 Dalrulzion, Perthshire, house site 27-28, 43 James IV penny 274 Damnonii 191 James V groats 3 Darwin , 69-768 C 2, Jame billioI sV n hardhead 290-291 deer, depiction Iropottere n o nf Ag so 4 y2 placks 3 from Iron Age sites in Western Isles 24 re-use of in Viking ingots 299, 301-306, 309 Dickson, C, on timbers from Clyde Rock 259 Roman 21, 36, 38 disc, lea2 d29 turners 3 Donald Canmore 221, 222, 227, 236 Tudor 290-291 Doon Hill, East Lothian, Anglian site 238 Viking 310-312, 323 Dore, J N, on Roman pottery from lona 211-212 17th century 290-291 Douglasmuir, Angus3 ,4 Irosit, e e32 nAg Coldingham Loch, Berwickshire, cist 165, 169 Dowally, Perthshire scenee , AdaEv d sm 429-431an , Coll Borbaidhn Du , 4 ,4 Irosit, e e24 nAg 450 Collace, Perthshire, Adam and Eve scene 425—426, Drust son of Ferat 221 450 Dryburgh Abbey graveyard, Berwickshire, Adam Collingwood, R G 55 scene andEv e 439^t400 ,45 Colmonell, Ayrshire, Adam and Eve scene 448, 450 Dryburn Bridge, East Lothian, housee IronAg d san Columba213 enclosure 31, 32, 43 and Bridei 242, 245, 252, 261, 265 Duffyn Auchtermuchtyo , A , , Fife, excavatiof o n comb, bon0 e38 Roman temporary camp 183-187 copper alloy artefacts undee se , r bronze artefacts DUMFRIESSHIRE: Craig Phadraig, Inverness-shire 243, 247, 275 Boonies, Iron Age site 31, 32, 43 Craigie, Ayrshire, Adam and Eve scene 447, 450 Burnswar3 4 , k Hill38 , ,34 sitIro, e e31 nAg crannog , 43-4438 , 0 s27 , 12321 , Carronbridge, sitIroe enAg 313 4 , Creag na Caillich, Killin, Perthshire, survey and Hoddam, Adam and Eve scene 446, 450 excavation 77-112, fich A5-1: 1 e 1 Kirkconnel, Adam and Eve scene 444—445, 450 Crichton Mains, Midlothian, souterrain 29, 43 Lochmaben, wooden ard share 38, 44 INDEX 533

Long Knowe, Iron Age site 31, 44 Early Christian period: McNaughton's Fort, dun 28, 44 long cist cemetery, Four Winds, Longniddry, East Over Rig, wooden dagger4 4 , s38 Lothian, excavatio 202-20f no 3 St Mungo scene , AdaEv ed 444-445man 0 45 , metalworking at lona 207-214 Tundergarth, Adam and Eve scene 443, 450 Early Historic period: Upper Cleuch, enclosurIroe nAg housd ean e 31,45 Alt Glut, Clyde Rock, Dunbartonshire, Dun & Tannadice, Angus, Adam and Eve scene excavations 1974-5: catalogue of coins, 419-421,450 metalwork and RB pottery 289-293 Dun Bharabhat, Lewis, wheelhouse 23 Dunnottar, Kincardineshire, excavation othed an s r Dun Bhuide, Benbecula, building7 s34 field work 215-218, 267-283 Dun Borbaidh, Coll, Iron Age site 24, 44 Forteviot, Perthshire, excavation othed an s r field Dun Lagaidh, Ross-shire, house site 18, 44, 146, 254 work 215, 218-239 Dun Skeig, Argyll, fort 18, 44 Pictish burial cemeteried san s 234-237 Dun Telve, Skye, broch 12, 44 Urquhart Castle, Inverness-shire, excavationd an s Dunadd, Argyll, Royaford an t l site 210, 258, 2655 27 , other field work 215-218, 242-266 Dunbar, East Lothian, Anglian sit8 e23 Early medieval period: DUNBARTONSHIRE: Cille Donnain, late Norse Church, on S Uist Alt Glut, Clyde Rock 217, 218, 251, 259, 275 329-350 excavations 1974-5: catalogu f coinso e , Eilean Mhor, S Uist, structures 341-348 metalwork and RB pottery 289-293 EAST LOTHIAN: Auchendavy, Roman fort 192, 194 Black Rocks, Gullane, Iron Age burials 166 Balmuildy, Roman fort 1924 19 , Blackburn Mill, ironwork hoard from 36, 43 r HillBa , Roman fort 192-194 Broxmouth, Dunbar, hillfort 27-28, 31, 32, 34, 35, Bearsden, Roman fort 192, 194 3 4 , 39 , 36 Clyd et Glut RockAl e , abovse , e Irocemetere nAg y 166 Croy Hill, Roman fort 192, 194 Camptoun, cist cemetery 38, 43 Duntocher, Roman fort 192, 194 Doon Hill, Anglian site 238 Kirkintilloch, Roman fort 192, 194 Dryburn Bridge, Iron Age houses and enclosure kirkyard monuments 414 31,32,43 Old Kilpatrick, Roman fort 192-195 Dunbar, Anglian sit8 e23 Shirva, Strathkelvi5 4 , n29 Four Winds, Longniddry, excavatio f lonno g cist Westerwood, Roman fort 192, 194 cemetery 197-206, fiche 2: D2-E6 Banffshire, promontar4 y4 for, 38 t kirkyard monuments 414 New Aberdour, ard share 123 Lochend, cist 165-166, 167, 169 Dundonald, Ayrshire, Adam and Eve scene 447, 450 Luffness, Iron Age burials 166 Dundurn, Perthshire 217, 218, 258, 265, 275 North Belton Farm, Dunbar, excavation of Iron scene AdaEv ed m423—424an 0 45 , Age cist 161-170, fich : C2-1e2 0 Dunion, The, Roxburghshire4 ,4 sitIroe , e31 nAg Parkburn, cist cemetery 38, 44 , Perthshir7 e22 St Germains, Iron Age enclosure and house 31, 45 Dunnicaer, Kincardineshire, Pictish stones 276, Traprai5 4 , 40 n, Law39 , ,37 for, 36 t , 3134 , 278-281 Winton House, Iron Age cemetery 166 Dunnottar, Kincardineshire, excavation d othean s r Eckford, Roxburghshire, ironwork hoard from 36, 44 field work 215-218, 267-283 Edin's Hall, Berwickshire, broch 28-294 4 , , 3139 , Dunollie, Argyll, Early Historic site 258, 265, 275 Edinburgh, chapel, Edinburgh Castle 227 Dunrobin, Sutherland, Pictish buria3 26 l Edmonds, M, et al, on survey and excavation at duns 13, 14, 18,28,32,43,44,345 Creag na Caillich, Killin, Perthshire 77-112, Cille Donnain, S Uist, excavation of 333-336 fiche 1:A5-11 radiocarbon date8 s2 Egilsay, Orkney, chapel 227, 341, 343, 349 Duntocher, Dunbartonshire, Roman fort 192, 194 Eildon Hill North, Roxburghshire, , Irofore 31 tnAg Dunwell Armit& Cnipn , o A ,, I , , Lewis, excavations 4 4 , 3440 , , 3639 , at Site 3,& 198s2 9 137-143, fich1-1G : 1 0e Eilean Mhor UistS , , early medieval structures 341-348 Dupplin, cross slab 227, 238-242, 282-283 Eilean Olabhat, N Uist, Inverness-shire, metal- working 146, fiche 1: Gl-10 Elvanfoot, cauldron 145 Earls Barton, church 226 Emchath 245, 247, 261 Early Bronz e cemeteryAg e , Loanleven, Perthshire England, Adam and Eve scenes on churchyard 127-128 memorials 417-418 534 INDEX

Enlightenment, Scottish, and Daniel Wilson 55-75 garden, walled, Balvaird Castle, Perthshire 378 Eskbank, Midlothian, pit alignment, 135, 136 Geon 261 Eynhallow, church 3419 34 , Gillies Dunnottan o W , 7 26 r Glen Urquhart, cross slab 264 Glenvoidean, Bute, chambered cairn5 Falkirk, Stirlingshir scene eAda, Ev ed 433man 0 45 , Golspie, Sutherland, cists 165-1669 16 , Roman fort 192, 194 gouge, iron 144, 145 Falla Cairn, Roxburghshire 38-39, 44 gravestones e monumentsse , , kirkyard, Adad man Farnell, Angus, Pictish stone 416 Eve scenes 413-451 Feacham, R, on Iron Age settlement patterns 27, 31 Green Craig, Fife, enclosurIroe nAg housd ean e 31, Fellows, election of 1992 521-524 44 Fernie, E, on early church architecture 227 Gurness ,, 28-29Orkney24 , , 31 22 , , , broc19 , 18 h Fettercairn, Kincardineshire, Adam and Eve scene 39,44 421-423,450 FIFE: Auchtermuchty, excavatio f Romano n temporary Hadrian's Wall and the Ravenna Cosmographer camp 183-187 189-190 Clatchard Craig, Early Historic site 275 Halifax, Nova Scotia, Adam and Eve scenes on Green Craig, enclosurIroe nAg housd ean e 314 4 , churchyard memorials 417^-18 Hallowhill Andrewst S , , long cist cemetery 2034 20 , Hall, D W, on Medieval pottery from kirkyard monuments 414 Auchtermuchty, Fife 186 Scotstarvit, Iron Age house 27-28, 31, 45 Halliday timbeIroe n o n, Ag S , r buildings 27-28 St Rule t AndrewsS , , towe7 r22 Hallowhill t AndrewsS , , Fife, long cist cemetery Finavon, Angus, Early Historic site 2549 25 , 203, 204 d Marcusan , Angus, excavatio f o Roman n Halpin excavation o , E , f Romano n temporary camps temporary camps 171-182 at Marcu Finavond san , Angus 171-182 Finlaggan, Islay, early medieval centre 343, 347 Haly Hill, Perthshire, see Forteviot Fitzpatrick, A on Iron Age 10, 21, 22 Hamilton, Lanarkshire, Adam and Eve scene 437, Fleas, Flies and Farmers: an entomology of 450 archaeology, lecture on 511 -512 hammer, iron 361 Fleming, A, & Woolf, A, on Cille Donnain, late hammerstone 91 Norse Church Soutn o , h Uist 329-350 handbells, from Perthshire, (see 457-507 for flint artefacts: catalogue, alphabetically arrange parishy db ) arrowhead, leaf-shaped 159 453 chip2 12 s Harden, J, on stone artefacts from Cyderhall, cor2 e12 Sutherlan9 d15 flakes 1229 15 , Harding Iro1e n 0o n, Ag D , forgery, Viking ingot 314-315 Harris, Island of, see under Inverness-shire for site Forteviot, Perthshire, excavation d othean s r field names work 215, 218-239 Haselgrove4 3 C , cropmarks 231-236 Hayhope Knowe, Roxburghshire, site IroenAg 31, Pictish carved stones 222-227 32,44 forts, Iron Age 18-19 Hill, P H, lecture on the Northumbrian Church at promontary 19 Whithorn 509 Foster spacn o settlement d S , ean s 19 on buildingIroe nAg s 27-28 , 32-3430 , 7 3 , Four Winds, Longniddry, East Lothian, excavation of hillforts enclosed an , d settlement0 s3 long cist cemetery 197-206, fich : D2-Ee2 6 Hingley, R on Society in 700 BC to AD 200 7-53 Hoddam, Dumfriesshire scene , AdaEv ed 446man , Gaelic Perthshirn i , 4 e38 450 Gallagher clan o yD , pipes from Auchtermuchty, Fife Hopes Sandpit, Berwickshire, cist 165, 169 186 houses: glass, 19th Centur8 y22 Bronze Age 13 Galson, Lewis,"Ross-shir4 4 , e24 cellula7 1 r games, hand-ball 403-405 Iron Age alse se ,o round-houses, wheelhousec et s Garbeg, Inverness-shire, square-ditched barrow 234, 13-15 263 type sociad san l structure 14—15 INDEX 535

Howe, Mainland, Orkney, 4 broc4 , h24 , 1819 , , Early Christian sites with crucibles 210 Howmore, S Uist, church 347-348 Royal sites 237 Hownam Rings, Roxburghshire, e , sitIro35 enAg Iron age period: 44 Cyderhall, Sutherland, excavation of souterrain human remains: and roundhouse 149-160, fich : A5-Be2 7 Four Winds, Longniddry, East Lothian 197-206, North Belton Farm, Dunbar, excavatio f ciso n t fiche 2: D2-E6 161-170, fiche 2: C2-10 Iron Age 38-39 Iron Age Society in Scotland 700 BC to 200 AD, from defences 32 Review article 7-53 from domestic site6 1 s agriculture 35 Garbeg, Inverness-shir3 e26 'Atlantic' Scotland 12-26 North Belton Farm 164, 166-167, fiche 2:C1-10 pottery 15,20-23,34 hurdle, Rattray Aberdeenshire 119-121, 123-124 enclosures and settlement patterns 30-32 Hurly Hawkin, Dundee, souterrain 29, 32, 44 house settlemend san t patterns 12-17, 27-33 hillfort rituas a s l centres 37-38 metalworking 35 Idiens , lecturD , Canadian o e n Ethnologe th d yan open settlements 32-33 Wilson brothers 510-511 past studie modeld san s 8-10 ingots, silver, Viking XRF analysis of 295-328 production, circulation and distribution in 20-23, forgery 314-315 35-37, 41 INVERNESS-SHIRE: regional organisation 33-34 A'Cheardach Bheag 23, 43 ritual, belie depositiod an f n 23-24, 37-39, A'Cheardach Mhor S Uist 43 Roman object nativn so e5 3 site , s22 Ballachulish, wooden figurine3 4 fro , m23 site list 9, 43-^5 Boreray, Harris, pin, copper alloy, frustrum headed tribal groupings 42 351 iron objects: Caisteal Bheagram, Benbecula, building7 s34 artillery fragments 274-275 Castle Hill, Inverness, possible Royal sit5 e26 blade2 s29 Cille Donnain, late Norse Church UisS , t 329-350 gouge 144, 145 Clettraval, N Uist, Iron Age structure 16, 43 hamme1 r36 Craig Phadraig 243, 2475 27 , Iron Age hoards 36, 43 Dun Bhuide, Benbecula, buildings 347 knives 144, 145, 292 Dun Telve, Skye, broch 12 nails 357, 361 Eilean Mhor, S Uist, early medieval structures rivets 144, 145, fiche 1: Gl-10 341-348 scrap 141, fich Gl-1: 1 e 0 Eilean Olabhat, N Uist, metalworking 146, fiche slag 141, fiche 1: Gl-10 1:G1-10 sword 38 Garbeg, square-ditched barrow 2343 26 , Viking 290-292 Howmore UistS , , church 347-348 working debris 141-142, fiche 1: Gl-10 Kildonan, S Uist, wheelhouse 17, 44 Kilpheder, S Uist, wheelhouse 24, Kyleakin, Skye, bog-butte4 r 4 fro , m24 sportind Jamean I sV g trophie5 s40 Rosinish, Benbecula, ardmarks 123 Jarlshof, Shetland, wheelhouse and broch 13, 18, 44 Sollas Uist,N , wheelhouse 23-245 ,4 Jarrow 226 Storr Rock, Skye, Viking silver hoard 296, 299, Jedburgh, Roxburghshire, cist cemetery 38, 44 300-308,311-314 Jobey, G, on Iron Age settlement patterns 26 Teampull Mhuir, N Uist, church 341, 349 Unival, N Uist, Iron Age remains 16, 45 Upper Loch Bornish5 34 Uist S , n du , Kebister, Shetland, settlement site 17, 44 Urquhart Castle, excavations and other field work Kelloe Mains, Berwickshire, cist 165, 169 215-218,242-266 Kells, Kirkcudbrightshire, Adam and Eve scenes copper alloy pin from 351-353 440-442, 450 cross slab 264 Kenneth MacAlpin 218, 221, 227, 236, 240-241 lona, Argyll, Annals 267 Kenyon, Kathleen 1, 5 Early Christian metalworking, excavatione th t a s Kilchousland, Argyll, Adam and Eve scene 435—436, 'Infirmary', 1990207-214 450 Viking silver hoard 296, 300-308, 311-3149 31 , Kildonan, S Uist, Inverness-shire, wheelhouse 17, 44 536 INDEX

Kildonnan, S Uist, see Cille Donnain Laws, of Society of Antiquaries of Scotland ix-x Kilpheder, S Uist, Inverness-shire, wheelhouse 24, lead objects: Kilphedir, Sutherland, roundhouse 17, 32, 44 dis2 c29 KINCARDINESHIRE: ingot, Viking, forgery 314-315 Bowduns, possible Early Historic site 282 weights 292 Dalladies, Iron Age site 32, 35, 36, 43, 158-1599 Lecture summaries 509-513 Dunnicaer, Pictish stones 276, 278-281 Letham Grange, Angus souterrai4 4 , n29 Dunnottar, excavation d othean s r field work Lewisn excavationo , J , t a Balvairs d Castle, 215-218, 267-283 Perthshire 365-382 Fettercairn scene , AdaEv ed 421-423,man 0 45 Lewis undee , se Isl , re of Ross-shir sitr efo e names kirkyard monuments 414 Lindisfarne, Anglian site 2386 26 , New Kinord, houseIroe 4 4 nAg , s33 Lismore, Argyll, pin, copper alloy, frustrum headed Northwaterbridge, souterrai8 n15 351 Kinordd Ol , houseIroe 4 4 nAg , s33 Little Dunkel Logierait& d e scene, AdaEv d sman Warden f Durrisdo , housIroe enclosurd nAg ean e 426-428, 450 31,45 Loanhead of Daviot, Aberdeenshire, Iron Age Kindrochit, Perthshire, stone axe 107 metalworking 35, 44 Kinfauns, Perthshire, Adam and Eve scenes Loanleven, Perthshire, excavation of plough 431^33,450 truncated features 127-136, fich F2-: 1 e 5 Kinneil, West Lothian, Roman fort 192, 194 Loch Boralie, Sutherland, pin, copper alloy, frustrum Kirk of Ness, N Yell, Shetland, church 343, 349 headed 352-353 Kirkandrews, Kirkcudbrightshiree , AdaEv d man Loch Hope, Sutherland, souterrain and house 158 scene 442-443, 450 Lochend, East Lothian, cist 165-166, 167, 169 Kirkconnel, Dumfriesshire, Adam and Eve scene Lochmaben, Dumfriesshire, wooden ard 4 shar4 , e38 444^45, 450 Logic-Per Stracathro& t , Anguse , AdaEv d man KIRKCUDBRIGHTSHIRE: scene 421-4230 ,45 Carlingwark Loch, ironwork hoard from 36, 43 Logiealmond, Perthshire, Adam and Eve scene Kells, Adam and Eve scenes 440—442, 450 425-4260 ,45 Kirkandrews, Adam and Eve scene 442-443, 450 Logierait, Perthshire, Adam and Eve scenes kirkyard monuments 414 429-431,450 Milton Loch, crannog 27, 38, 44, 123 long cist cemetery, Four Winds, Longniddry, East Mote of Mark 210, 275 Lothian, excavatio f 197-206o n , fich: 2 e Kirkintilloch, Dunbartonshire, Roman fort 192, 194 D2-E6 kirkyard monuments scenee , AdaEv d s m413-45an 1 Long Knowe, Dumfriesshire, Iron Age site 31, 44 Knap (possibly Kneep), Lewis, pin, copper alloy, Longniddry, Four Winds, East Lothian, excavation of frustrum heade1 d35 long cist cemetery 197-206, fiche 2: D2-E6 knives, iron 144, 1452 29 , Lorimerskeletan o , H lD , material from Four Winds, Knock, Lewis, cushion macehead from 1079 10 , Longniddry 205-206, fich : D2-Ee2 4 Know f Rowiegaro e , Rousay, Orkney, e IroAg n n skeletao l material from North Belton Farm cist structure 16, 44 166-167, fich Cl-1: e2 0 Knowes of Quoyscottie, Mainland, Orkney, Late Loanlevenn Loweo E C , , Perthshire, excavatiof no Bronze Age4 s4 sit, e23 plough truncated features 127-136, fiche 1: F2-5 analysiF XR Tatef n VikinKruse& o o s , , J E , gS , Lubbock, John 55, 69, 71 Age silver ingots 295-328 Luffness, East Lothian, Iron Age burials 166 Kyleakin, Skye, bog-butter from 24, 44 Lundie, Angus scene , AdaEv ed 425-426man 0 ,45 Lyne, Peeblesshire scene , AdaEv ed 438-439man , 450 Laggan, Kintyre, Argyll, settlement patterns in 18, 19,26 Lagganallachy, Perthshire e scene, AdaEv d sman Macalister n analysio , F , f Vikino s g silver from 429-431,450 Ashmolean museum 324—5 LANARKSHIRE: M'Hardy BA ,, wor Urquharn ko t Castle 242, 2590 26 , Biggar scene , AdaEv ed 436-437man 0 45 , Macinnes Fortevion o , L , t cropmarks 231 Cadder, Roman fort 1924 19 , on Roman influenc6 3 , 27 Iroe n eo nAg Hamilton scene , AdaEv ed 437man 0 45 , MacKie , worE , n Creao k a Caillichn g , Killin, Langwell, Sutherland, Iron Age house 31, 44 Perthshire 81, 83 Largs, Ayrshire, Skelmorlie Aisle 417 work on Finavon and Dun Lagaidh 254 INDEX 537

MacSween, A, on crucible fragments from lona Monkwearmouth 226 207-208,210 Montrose, Angus, trial excavations, 1983 358-363 on settlement patterns in the Western Isles 24 monuments, kirkyard e scene, Ev Ada d s an m Maelchon, fathe Bridef o r i 242, 245, 252, 2615 26 , 413-451 Malcol CanmorI mII e 220-221 MORAY: Malcolm IV 221 Burghead, Pictish ston0 e28 n Ravenna Manno e Antonin , th C d J , an s e Wall Romancampgate, Iron Age site 32, 45 189-195 Tulloch Wood, Iron Age site 32, 45 Marcu Finavond an s , Angus, excavatio f Romano n Moredun, Midlothian, Iron Age burial 166 temporary camps 171-182 Mote of Mark, Kirkcudbrightshire 210, 275 Marshall, Dorothy N, obituary 5-6 Mousa, Shetland, broch 124 4 , Marygoldhill, Berwickshire, pit alignment 135 multivallate enclosures 30 Maten environmentao , I , l samplin t Rattraya g , Mumrills, Stirlingshire, Roman fort 192, 194, 196 Aberdeenshire 113 Murray, H K, et al, on Rattray, Aberdeenshire, Maxwell, S, on R B K Stevenson 1-4 agricultural evidenc e latth e f o secone d McCormick, F, on lona, Early Christian metal- millenniu 113-125C mB , fiche 1: B2-E4 working, excavations at the 'Infirmary', n 199Rattrayo , 0al t Murray,e Aberdeenshire, C J , , 207-214 agricultural evidenc e latth e f o secone d McNaughton's Fort, Dumfriesshire, dun 28, 44 millenniu 113-125C mB , fiche 1: B2-E4 Medieval period: (see also Early Medieval period) Murray, J C, on pottery from Dunnottar 276 Balvaird Castle, Perthshire, excavations 365-382 Brechin, Angus, trial excavations, 1981 355-358 Montrose, Angus, trial excavations, 1983 358-363 , see under Inverness-shire for site names Meigle, Perthshir7 e22 nails, iron 357, 361 Meldon Bridge, Peeblesshire t alignmenpi , d an t National Museu Antiquitief mo s 14 , enclosure 135, 136, 235 National Museums of Scotland 4 Melville Nurseries, Midlothian, Iron Age house and Nechtan 226 enclosure 314 4 , needle, bronze 357 Mercer, R, lecture on the work of the Royal Neidpath Castle, Peeblesshire 382 Commissio e Ancienth n d Historicano an t l Neolithic Period, house types 13 Monument f Scotlanso d 510 New Kinord, Kincardineshire, Iron Age houses 33, 44 metalworking, Cnip, Lewis 141-142, 144-145, fiche Newmill, Perthshire, e Irositd souterraian enAg n 1:G 1-10 28-29,31,32,33,35,44, 159 Early Christian, at lona 207-214 Newstead, souterrai4 4 , n29 Methven, Perthshire scene , AdaEv ed 423-424,45man 0 Newton, Islay, possible Early Historic cemetery 283 Middlefield Farm, Berwickshire, cist 1659 16 , Ninia4 n26 Midhowe, Rousay, Orkney, broch site 18, 44 Norse Vikine se , g MIDLOTHIAN: North America scenee , AdaEv churchyarn d so m an d Arniston, cist cemeter3 4 , y38 memorials 417-418 Braidwood, Iron Age site 31, 35, 43 North Belton Farm, Dunbar, excavation of Iron Age Castlelaw, souterrai , for31d 3 30 n4 ,tan cist 161-170, fiche 2: C2-10 Catstane, long cist cemetery 203-204 North Mains, Strathallan, Perthshire, pitburiald an s s Crichton Mains, souterrai3 4 , n29 135,237 Edinburgh, chapel, Edinburgh Castle 227 Northwaterbridge, Kincardineshire, souterrain 158 Eskbank, pit alignment, 135, 136 nucleated brochs 18-19, 28, 44 kirkyard monuments 414 Nybster, Caithness, nucleated broch sit4 e4 , 1819 , Melville Nurseries, e housIro enclosurd nAg ean e 31,44 Moredun, Iron Age burial 166 O'Berg, A, analyses on crucible fragments from lona Parkburn, long cist cemetery 203 207-208,210-211 Rosslyn Chapel, ches7 41 t Oakbank, Perthshire, crannog 27, 44 Milfield, Royal site 236, 2372 ,28 obituaries, Marshall, Dorothy N 5-6 Milton Loch, Kirkcudbrightshire, , cranno44 , 38 , g27 Stevenson, R B K 1^ 123 Old Kilpatrick, Dunbartonshire, Roman fort 192-195 molluscan remains 146, 361, 363 Old Kinord, Kincardineshire, houseIroe 4 4 n Ag , s33 Moncrieffe, Perthshire, e IrometalworkinnAg , g35 Ordnance Survey and Perthshire place-names 385, 44 395-3991 ,40 538 INDEX

ORKNEY: Caputh scenee , AdaEv d sm 431-433an 0 45 , Birsay, Pictish site 210 Creag na Caillich, Killin, survey and excavation Broug Birsayf ho , church 341, 3439 34 , 77-112, fichel: A5-11 Bu, broch21,43 Dalrulzion, house site 27-283 4 , Burray, Viking silver hoard 295-296, 300-308, Dowally scenee , AdaEv d sm 429-431an 0 ,45 311-314,319 Dundurn 217, 218, 258, 2655 ,27 Egilsay, chapel 227, 341, 343, 349 scene AdaEv ed 423-424man 0 ,45 Eynhallow, church 341, 349 Dunkeld 227 Gurness, broch 18, 19, 22, 24, 28-29, 31, 39, 44 Dupplin, cross slab 227, 238-242, 282-283 Howe, brocli 18,19,24,44 Forteviot, excavation othed an s r field work 215, Knowe of Rowiegar, Rousay, Iron Age structure 218-239 16,44 Haly Hill Fortevioe se , t Knowes of Quoyscottie, Late Bronze Ages site 23, Invermay, cross slab 239, 44 Kindrochit, stone axe 107 Midhowe, Rousay, broch site 184 4 , Kinfauns scenee , AdaEv d sm 431-433an 0 ,45 Papa Westray t Tredwell'S , s chapel 341, 3469 ,34 Lagganallachy scenee , AdaEv d sm an 429-431 , Pierowall, Westray 16, 44 450 church 341,349 Little Dunkeld & Logierait, Adam and Eve scenes Pool, Sanday, settlement site, pottery 16, 21, 45 426^280 ,45 prehistoric house types 136 1 , Loanleven, excavatio f plougo n h truncated Quanterness, Mainland, Iron age structure 16, 45 features 127-136, fiche 1: F2-5 Skaill, settlement 17, 23, 45 Logiealmond, Adam and Eve scene 425-426,450 Viking silver hoard 295-296, 300-308, Logierait scenee , AdaEv d sm 429^31an 0 ,45 311-314,317,323 Meigl7 e22 St Boniface, church 3419 34 , Methven scene , AdaEv ed 423-424man 0 ,45 Tofts Ness, Sanday, pottery from 21, 45 Moncrieffe, Iron Age metalworking 35, 44 Wyre, church 3439 ,34 Newmill, Iron Age site and souterrain 28-29, 31, Over Rig, Dumfriesshire, daggers, woode4 4 , n38 32,33,35,449 15 , Owen Eildon o , O ,n Hill North7 3 , North Mains, Strathallan, pitburiald san s 1357 23 , Oakbank, crannog 27, 44 Perth, Greyfriars scenee , AdaEv d sm 431-433an , palisaded site0 s3 450 parasites, intestinal 158 South Methve , pinnSt , copper alloy, frustrum Parkburn, East Lothian, cis3 t cemeter20 , 44 , y38 heade3 d35 peat analysis 102 Rattray, Silver Bal , sportinlof g trophy 403-11 PEEBLESSHIRE: St Madoes, Adam and Eve scenes 431-433, 450 Lyne, Adam and Eve scene 438^39, 450 St Martin, Adam and Eve scene 425-426, 450 Meldon Bridge, pit alignment and enclosure 135, transhumance place-names in 383^-02 136,235 site list 401 Neidpath Castle 382 petrological analysis: Peltenberg e Iron settlemeno n, Ag E , t patternn i s Iron Age pottery 20-21 Kintyre 18 querns 20-21,34 penannular brooch, silve3 r24 Pictish period: Perth: Greyfriars, Perthshire e scene, AdaEv d sman burial cemeteried san s 234-237, 263-264 431^33,450 carved stones Til-111 South Methve , pinnSt , copper alloy, frustrum Dunnicaer 276, 278-281 heade3 d35 Urquhart 263 PERTHSHIRE: Garbeg, Inverness-shire 263 Abernethy, round tower 226-227 Urquhart 246 Ardoch, Roman fort 1801 18 , Pierowall, Westray, Orkney 164 4 , Balvaird Castle, excavations 365-382 church 341, 349 bells, (see 457-507 for catalogue, alphabetically Piggott, S 1 arrange parishy db ) 453-508 on model Scotlann i Iror e 0 sfo 1 n Ag , d8 Cargill, Adam and Eve scene 419-421, 450 pins, copper alloy, frustrum headed 351-353 Carpow, Roman fort 187 pipes, clay 184, 186 Clunie, Adam and Eve scene 423-424, 450 pit alignments: Collace, Adam and Eve scene 425-426, 450 Eskbank, Midlothian 135, 136 INDEX 539

Loanleven, Perthshire 127-134 Dunrobin, Sutherland 263 Marygoldhill, Berwickshir5 e13 Four Winds, Longniddry, East Lothian 202-204 Meldon Bridge, Peebleshire 135, 136 Hallowhill, Fif3 e20 Pitcur, Angus souterrain 29,44 Loanleven, Perthshire 1274 ,13 place-names, transhumance Perthshirn i , e 383-402 North Belton Farm 164-165 site list 401 Urquhart, Inverness-shire 251-2527 25 , Plan Farm, Bute, Viking silver hoard 296, 300-308, Ralston, I, on Dunnicaer 281 311-314,319 on timber-laced ramparts and vitrification plant remains: 259-260 Cyderhall, Sutherland 158, fiche 2: A5-12 Rattray, Aberdeenshire, agricultural evidence of the Rattray, Aberdeenshire 121 late second millennium BC 113-125, fiche plough shares, iron 23 1:B2-E4 Iron Age, Falla Cairn 38,44 Rattray, Perthshire, Silver Ball of, sporting trophy ploughmarks, see also ardmarks 403^11 medieval, Montrose 360-361, 363 Ravenna Cosmographer and the Antonine Wall n excavatioo Pollock , W t R a Cyderhalln, , 189-195 Sutherland, souterrain and roundhouse Regulus2 22 t S , 149-160, fiche 2: A5-B7 RENFREWSHIRE: Polmont, Stirlingshire e scene, Ev Ada d s man kirkyard monuments 414 433^35, 450 Restenneth Priory, Angus 226 Pool, Sanday, Orkney, settlement sit6 e1 Riccarton, Ayrshire, Adam and Eve scenes 446-441, Portnancon, Sutherland, souterrai housd n8 an e15 450 pottery: ring money ingotse se , , silver 295-328 Iron Age 15, 20-23, 34, 144-145, fiche 1: Gl-10 Rispain Camp, Wigtownshir5 4 , 32 , e28 Medieval 184, 186,276,378 Ritchie, R, work on Creag na Caillich, Killin, Angus 361-362 Perthshir , 81,83e79 9 10 , Brechin 3557 35 , rivets: Neolithic 121-122 bronze, 'paperclip' 144-146, 147, fiche 1: Gl-10 post Medieval 378 iron 144, 145, fiche 1: Gl-10 Roman Robertson Roman o A , n object nativn so e6 3 site , s22 from Alt Glut 289, 292-293 Silvee th Rodgern ro , Bal H f Rattray o l R , uniqua : e fromlona211-213 Scottish sporting trophy 403-411 from Irositee 6 nAg s3 Roman objects on native sites 22, 35, 39, 213 coars3 e29 Roman Period: colour coate3 d29 Antonine Wall and Ravenna Cosmographer samian 290, 292-293 189-195 19th century Auchtermuchty, Fife, excavation of temporary unidentified, Cyderhal7 15 l camp 183-187 Hadrian's Wall 189-190 Iron Age society in Scotland, influence on 7, 19, 22 Quanterness, Mainland, Orkney, Iron age structure Marcus and Finavon, Angus, excavation of 16,45 temporary camp t 171-18sa 2 querns: masonr souterrainn yi 9 s2 rotary 20-21,252-253 pottery fro Glut mAl t 289, 292-293 beehive 20-21 from lona 211-213 built into Iron Age structures 32 Ravenna Cosmographer and the Antonine Wall from Iron Age burials 38 189-195 petrological analysi 20-21f so 4 3 , Romancampgate, Morayshire, Iron Age site 32, 45 saddle 20-21 Rosinish, Benbecula, Inverness-shire, ardmarks 123 ROSS-SHIRE: Bhaltos peninsula, see Cnip, below radiocarbon dates: Bragar, Lewis, Iron Age site 24, 43 brochs and dunes 28 Cnip, Lewis, excavations at Sites 2 & 3, 1989 Catstane, Midlothia4 n20 137-143, fiche 1: Gl-10 Coolcran, Co Fermanagh 158 wheelhous 23-24, e16 3 4 , Crea Caillicha gn , Killin, Perthshire 102-106 Dun Bharabhat, Lewi4 4 , s23 Cyderhall, Sutherland 149, 159 Dun Lagaidh, house site 18, 44, 146, 254 540 INDEX

Galson, Lewis4 4 , 24 , Burgi Geos, blockhous chevaud ean frise xd e 19,43 Knap (possibly Kneep), Lewis, pin, copper alloy, Cross Kirk, Clibberswick, Unst, church 343, 349 frustrum heade1 d35 early churches on 343, 349 Knock, Lewis, cushion macehead from 107, 109 houses, block- 19, 43 Teampull Eoin, Lewis, church 341, 349 cellula7 1 r Teampull Pheadir, Lewis, church 3419 34 , prehistoric types 13 Valtos, see-Bhalto Cnipd san , above Jarlshof, wheelhouse and broch 13, 18, 44 Rosslyn Chapel, Midlothian, ches7 41 t Kebister, settlemen4 t4 sit, e17 Rough Castle, Stirlingshire, Roman fort 1924 19 , Kirk of Ness, N Yell, church 343, 349 roundhous d souterrainan e , Cyderhall, Sutherland Kirkaby, Westing, Unst, church site 349 149-160, fiche 2: A5-B7 Meal Colvidale, Unst, church site 349 ROXBURGHSHIRE: Mousa, broch 124 4 , Bonchester Hill, settlemenIroe 3 4 n, Ag 35 , 32 t St John's, Unst, church 343, 349 Bowden scene , AdaEv ed 439man 0 45 , St Mary's Sand, Sandsting, church site 349 Castleton Muir, cist 165, 169 Uyea, Unst, church site 349 Dunion, The, Iron Age site 31, 44 Virdifield, woode5 4 frod , nar m 23 Eckford, ironwork hoard4 4 fro , m36 Shirva, Strathkelvin, Dunbartonshire 29, 45 Eildon Hill North, Iron Age fort 31, 34, 36, 39, 40, silver artefacts: 44 brooch, penannular 243 Falla Cairn 38-39, 44 ingots, Viking, XRF analysis of 295-328 Hayhope Knowe4 4 , 32 , sitIro, e e31 nAg trophies, Silver Bal Rattraf o l y 403^11 Hownam Rings, Iron Age site 35, 44 sporting 403-410 Jedburgh, cist cemeter4 4 , y38 arrows 405, 406 Newstea , souterraidI 4 4 , n29 curling stone 405 Smailholm Towe1 r38 winners' shields 406-410 Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Silver Bal Rattrayf o l : sporting trophy 403^-11 Monuments of Scotland, lecture on work of 510 Skaill, Orkney, settlemen , 23,5 17 4 t Viking silver hoard from 295-296, 300-308, 311-314,317,323 Inverness-shire se , e Skelmorlie Aisle, Largs, Ayrshire 417 Sanday, Pool, settlement site5 4 , , potter21 , y16 Skye Inverness-shire se , r siteefo s Sand f Forvieso , Aberdeenshire, ardmark3 12 s Smailholm Tower, Roxburghshir1 e38 Scone, hand-ball gam3 e40 Smith, C on bone from Cyderhall, Sutherland 157, Scotby, Cumbria, Viking silver hoard 296, 299, 3 fichA1 : e2 300-308,311-316 Societ f Antiquarieyo f Scotlandso : Scotstarvit, Fife, Iron Age house 27-28, 31, 45 and Daniel Wilson 61-62 Scott, J G, on Dorothy Marshall 5-6 and National Museum 1-2, 4 Scottish Enlightenment, and Daniel Wilson 55-75 gran recorr fo t f carvedo d stones 419 Scottish National Portrait Galler3 y2- Laws ix-x SELKIRKSHIRE: Meetings 1991-92515-525 Torwoodlee, Iron Age house 31, 32, 45 Sollas, N Uist, wheelhouse 23-24, 45 181, 186 souterrai roundhoused nan , excavatio , Cyderhallnof , Sharpies, N, on house types and brochs 14, 17 Sutherland 149-160, fich : A5-Be2 7 sheilings, and transhumance, in Perthshire 383^-02 souterrains 28-30 Shepherd, A, et al, on Rattray, Aberdeenshire, in Angus 10,29 agricultural evidence of the late second Newmill 28-29, 31, 32, 33, 35, 44, 159 millennium BC 113-125, fiche 1: B2-E4 Roman masonry from 29 Rattrayn o , al Shepherdt ,e Aberdeenshire, G A I , , South Methven St, Perth, pin, copper alloy, frustrum agricultural evidence of the late second headed 353 millenniu 113-125C mB , fiche 1: B2-E4 Spearman, M and Forteviot stones 223-225, 240, surven o Sheridan , excavatiod al y an t e , A , t Creana g St Boniface, church 3419 34 , a Caillichn , Killin, Perthshire 77-112, fiche St Donnain 346-347 1:A5-11 St Germains, East Lothian, e enclosurIronAg d an e Sherriff, J R, on trial excavations in two Angus hous5 4 , e31 Burghs 355-365 St John's, Unst, church 3439 34 , SHETLAND: St Madoes, Perthshire, Adam and Eve scenes blockhouses 19, 43 431-433,450 INDEX 541

St Martin, Perthshire, Adam and Eve scene 425-426, Loch Boralie, pin, copper alloy, frustrum headed 450 352-353 St Mungo, Dumfriesshire e scen, Ev Ada ed man Loch Hope, souterrain and house 158 444-445,450 Portnancon, souterrain and house 158 St Tredwell's chapel, Papa Westray 341, 346, 349 prehistoric house types 13 St Quivox, Ayrshire, Adam and Eve scene 448-449, Swordale 5 shard 4 , ar , e23 450 swords: St Rule, St Andrews, Fife, tower 227 iron 38 St Vigeans, Angu7 s22 Viking 290-292 Stevenson, R B K, obituary 1-4 Swordale, Sutherland 5 shard 4 , ar , e23 STIRLINGSHIRE: symbol stones e undese , r carved stones Pictisd an , h Bannockburn, e Irohous enclosurd nAg an e e 31, period 43 Campsie, Adam and Eve scene 435, 450 Castle Hill, Roman fort 192, 194 Tap O'Noth, Aberdeenshir5 4 , e30 Castlecary, Roman fort 192-194 Tate, J, & Kruse, S E, on XRF analysis of Viking Castlehil3 4 l, Wood32 n du , Age silver ingots 295-328 Falkirk,, Adam and Eve scene 433, 450 Tealing III, Angus souterrain 29, 45 Roman fort 1924 19 , thermoluminescence dating, vitrified fort0 3 s kirkyard monuments 414 Thomsen stonen o , A ,s from Dunnicaer 2768 27 , Mumrills, Roman fort 192, 1946 19 , Thomsen1 6 , 55 C , Polmont, Adam and Eve scenes 433-435, 450 Tievebulliagh, porcellanite source 107 Rough Castle, Roman fort 192,194 Tipping t alsurven e o , , excavatiod R , yan t Creana g stone artefacts: see also flint artefacts na Caillich, Killin, Perthshire 77-112, fiche ard shares 23 1: A5-11 axes 107 Tofts Ness, Sanday, Orkney, pottery from 215 4 , roughout fragmentd , 97-9san 93 , 986 s Toronto, University of, and Daniel Wilson 56 source t a Crea f a Caillicho n sg , Killin, Torwoodlee, Selkirkshire, housIroe nAg 5 e4 , 3132 , Perthshire 77-112, fiche 1: A5-11 Traigh Cnip, see Cnip, fiche 1: G 1-10 bal6 18 l transhumance, and place-names in Perthshire, (site cross slabs, (see also carved stones and Pictish list 401) 383-402 period) 227, 238-242, 264 Gaelic elements 386-393 curling stone 379-380 airigh 388-389 , 97-99,1596 , flake92 , 786 s bothan 393-395 hammerstone 91 ruighe 390-393 macehead 107 sheil 386-388 quern4 s3 Traprain Law, East Lothian, Iron Age fort 31, 34, 36, beehive 20-21 37, 39, 40, 45 built into Irostructuree nAg 2 s3 Treasure Trove legislation 3-4 from Iroburiale nAg 8 s3 and Daniel Wilso2 n6 petrological analysi f 20-21so 4 3 , n DanieTriggero , G l e B Scottis,Wilso th d an nh rotary 20-21, 252-253 Enlightenment 55-75 saddle 20-21 trophies, sporting: stones, Pictish, see carved stones, and Pictish period silver arrows 405, 406 Storr Rock, Skye, Viking silver hoard 296, 299, Silver Bal Rattraf o l y 403-411 300-308,311-316 silver curling stone 405 Straiton, Ayrshire, Adam and Eve scene 440, 450 silver winners' shields 406-410 Stuart, J, on Pictish stones from Dunnicaer 279-280 Tulloch Wood, Morayshire, Iron Age site 32, 45 SUTHERLAND: Tundergarth, Dumfriesshire e scen, AdaEv ed man Achindale, souterrain and house 158 4430 45 , Alt Cille Pheadair, souterrai housd nan e 158 Cyderhall, excavation of, souterrain and round- house 149-160, fich : A5-Be2 7 Unival UistN , , Inverness-shire, Iroremaine nAg s 16,45 Dunrobin, Pictish buria3 26 l Uphall, West Lothian, Adam and Eve scene Golspie, cists 165-166, 169 437-4380 ,45 Kilphedir, roundhous4 e4 , 1732 , Upper Cleuch, Dumfriesshire, enclosure IronAg e Langwell, Iron Age house 31, 44 and house 31, 45 542 INDEX

Upper Loch Bornish, S Uist, dun 345 Westerwood, Dunbartonshire, Roman fort 1924 ,19 Urquhart, Glen, cross slab 264 Wheeler1 M , Urquhart Castle, Inverness-shire, excavations and wheelhouses 13-14, 23-24 other field work 215-218, 242-266 Whithorn, Wigtownshire, lectur9 e50 copper alloy pin from 351-353 WIGTOWNSHIRE: Rispai5 4 n , Cam32 , p28 Whithorn, lectur9 e50 Valtos Bhaltoe se , s William the Lion 221, 245 vessel, bronze 357 Willsher e scene Adan Ev o kirkyarn d , o sm B an , d Viking period: monuments in the Lowlands 413^51 Cille Donnain,°late Norse Church UisS n to , Wilson brother Canadiad an s n ethnology, lecturn eo 329-350 510-511 silver ingots analysiF XR , 295-32f o s 8 Wilson, e ScottisDanielth d an ,h Enlightenment sword 290-292 55-75 Virdifield, Shetland, woode5 4 frod , nar m 23 as anthropologist 63-69 Virolec 245, 261 as archaeologist 60-63 vitrification, of timber-laced ramparts 259-260 backgroun careed dan r 56-60 vitrified forts 30 Wilthew, P, analyses on crucible fragments from lona and thermoluminescence dating0 3 , 207-208,210-211 Winton House, East Lothian, Iroe cemeternAg y 166 Wag of Forse, Caithness, house 16, 45 wooden artefacts: Wainwright, F T, on souterrains 29 ards23, 38, 123 Wales, Early Christian period, cemeteries 234 bog-butter container4 s2 Walker, S, High Society on the Antonine Frontier, daggers 38 lecture on 512 figurine 23 Warden f Durrisdo , Kincardineshire, Irohouse nAg e hurdle, Rattray Aberdeenshire 119-121, 123-124 and enclosure 315 4 , roof timbers, Cyderhall, Sutherland 156, fiche 2: Watkins souterrainn o , T , 9 s2 A14 WebsterRomano-Britisn o , V P , h pottery frot mAl Woolf, A, & Fleming, A, on Cille Donnain, late Glut, Clyde Rock, Dunbartonshire 292-293 Norse Church UisS n to , 329-350 weights, lead 292 Worsaae, Jen , 61,6s55 2 Welfare, H, on souterrains 29 Wrye, Orkney 343, 349 WEST LOTHIAN: Blackness Castle, cist 166 Bridgeness, distance slab 1912 19 , XRF analysis of Viking period silver ingots Carriden, Roman fort 1912 19 , 295-328 Kinneil, Roman fort 192, 194 kirkyard monuments 414 Uphall scene , AdaEv ed 437^38man 0 ,45 Yarrows, Caithness, nucleated broch site 185 4 , prehistoric house types 13-15 Yeavering, Royal site 236, 237