• • Formal vs. informal tone • Thesis statements • Transitions • Sentence types and errors • Hopefully give back test! Whose voice guides your choice?

Clipart-Microsoft Office XP 2002 Claim/Thesis Statement of your argument.

Example: I am going to try to convince you that chocolate is a healthy snack. Propaganda is … … form of communication … aimed at swaying or influencing your attitude Experts vs.Big Names Experts? Professionals with specialized knowledge Big Names? Famous, Example: Former U.S. Big name or expert? president Bill Clinton thinks that junk food should be taken out of vending machines. Quoting Experts

• Experts are professionals who work and or study a specific topic or area of knowledge.

• Often includes physicians, lawyers, professors, researchers and analysts.

Big Names

• Insert celebrity Ad Statistics Factual information told in numbers or some measurable way. Example: A Snickers bar has 280 calories and 30 grams of sugar. That’s not very healthy. Emotional Appeal/Loaded Words The use of words that evoke strong emotional responses.

Compassionate moms who love their babies choose B diapers. Gentle fibers nurture a baby’s skin. Emotional Appeal/ Specific words or images intended to connect a reader’s emotional response to a persuasion topic. (sad puppy= adoption ads)

Example: Your generous donation might just get this puppy off the street and into a safe home. Emotional words example: luxury, beautiful, paradise, economical Used to evoke positive feelings

Flag (patriotism) Happiness

Fun Glittering Generalities

• Similar to “Pure, fresh, mountain spring water. Bottled emotional appeal, especially for you in Utah language that works from only our purest hard to play on mountain springs.”

your emotions, but What seems a bit isn’t always logical. “illogical” to you?

Glittering Generality example: Gatorade: "Life is a sport, drink it up!“

That sounds good, but what does it mean?? Repetition A repeated phrase used to create a desired effect--- sometimes with the help of sound devices “You'll never put a such as alliteration or better bit of butter assonance. on your knife." ~ Country Life Butter Research The use of scientific “study” to form facts and gather info

Example: According to Dr. Spock, a representative from ABC Medical Center, a recent study found that students who watch TV during the week don’t do as well in school. Bandwagon Strategy that insists that “everybody’s doing it”—that the audience should join the “majority” 8 out of ten college athletes depend on Z sports drink to quench their thirst during the game. Testimonial Relies on the “story” or “experience” of an individual with whom the audience can identify. Example: It’s easy. It’s fast. It feels good! And now, thanks to my purchase, I can shake it up at home where it’s convenient,” What is Propoganda?

Propaganda is the use of facts, ideas, or claims to persuade people to support a particular opinion.

The trick: author’s only provide facts and opinions that support their view. What is Bias?

• Bias is an unfair prejudice about someone or something. • It doesn’t allow for exceptions. • It usually shows extreme favor or disfavor for a product, group, etc. Examples of Bias • Individuals that wear all black? • Others based on appearance? (What types of judgments do we place on certain styles of dress and appearance?) • Bias based on ethnicity? (What things do we pretend to know about certain races or cultural groups?) • Gender? (What do or can all girls do? Boys? How do boys act? Girls?) • Geographic locations (like Kentuckians)

Formal vs. Informal?

• See video

• Letter editing activity Transitions -

First, similarly, on the other hand, therefore, consequently, finally, eventually, likewise, however, even though, although, Later, as a result,

Sequence Compare Contrast Cause and Effect

Example of a thesis statement: A)Topic: nuclear power B). Opposing View: Nuclear power is a popular in some places. C) Opinion: Nuclear power is a not an reliable power source .

D) 3 Reasons 1.It is potentially dangerous 2. It is more expensive than other alternatives. 3. It causes water, land and air pollution. Although it is popular in some states, nuclear power is not a reliable power source because it is dangerous, it is more expensive than the alternatives, and it causes pollution. Thesis statement = A+B+C + D Although it is popular in some states, nuclear power is not a reliable power source because it is dangerous, it is more expensive than the alternatives, and it causes pollution. Let’s Try this… A) Topic : Keep Study Hall or Get Rid of B) Opposing Opinion: C) My opinion: D) Three Reasons - - -

Main Idea? Detail? Not Supporting Detail (X) ?

1. ______A study at one prison show that owning a pet can change a hardened prison inmate into a more caring person. 2. ______Another study discovered that senior citizens, both those living alone and those in nursing homes, became more interested in life when they were given pets to care for. 3. ______These animals are certainly helpful to mental illness, but require a lot of care, money, and maintenance. 4. ______Even emotionally disturbed children have been observed to smile and react with interest if there is a cuddly kitten or puppy t o hold. 5. ______Animals, then, can be a means of therapy for many kinds of individuals. WARNING- Effort today may lead to a successful final exam Part 1- 44. Dashes 33. Sentence types 45. Quotation Marks 34. Sentence Errors 46. STOP 35. Redundancy 36. Transitions If a term or item has an explanation next to it, note it 41. Commas PLUS at least one example A, B, C, D, and E exercise! Take this practice 42. Colons seriously, and tomorrow, you’ll be glad you did! 43. Semi-colons

Reading Strategies & Informational Text.  An inference is an educated guess. Every good inference needs evidence from the text to support it.

 For a story, you should retell the plot elements. For Nonfiction, retell the main idea plus some major details.

Informational Reading  STATED- Main idea is written directly in the article. It is usually the first sentence but can be anywhere in the paragraph. (Same as topic sentence)

 IMPLIED- Main idea is found by reading each sentence and deciding what major idea the author is trying to teach you using these sentences.

Summary vs. Paraphrase  Summarize- Use the basic idea of a source, but make the summarized idea shorter and in your own words.

 Paraphrasing- Use the basic idea, but change the language and the order of the words. The idea and length do not change.

What activities make these concepts important? (Think back to what we’ve written this year)