International Journal of Architectural Research
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ISSN - International (Online) 1994-6961 ISSN - United States (Online) 1938-7806 OCLC & World Cat # 145980807 Library of Congress Catalogue # 2007212183 International Journal of Architectural Research An international fully refereed journal published three times a year http://www.archnet.org http://www.archnetijaronline.org Archived and Architecture Indexed by Planning Archnet Built Environment Studies Avery Index to Architectural Periodicals DOAJ-Directory Chief Editor of Open Access Ashraf M. Salama Journals Collaborating Editor EBSCO Current Remah Y. Gharib Abstracts-Art and Architecture Guest Editors Elsevier SCOPUS Jason von Meding, Jamie Mackee and Thayaparan Gajendran Intute Arts and Humanities SPECIAL ISSUE: POST-DISASTER RECONSTRUCTION Volume (7) - Issue (3) November 2013 Volume ProQuest Includes: Regular Refereed Papers http://www.greendiary.com/post-disaster-reconstruction-expo-promises-cheap-durable-housing-for-haitians.html Copyright © 2013 Archnet-IJAR, Archnet, MIT- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Archnet-IJAR is published and archived by ARCHNET, the most comprehen- sive online community for architects, planners, urban designers, interior de- signers, landscape architects, and scholars working in these fields, developed at the MIT School of Architecture and Planning in close cooperation with, and with the full support of The Aga Khan Trust for Culture, an agency of the Aga Khan Development Network. Copyright Permission Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) Users are free to copy, distribute, or display the work for non-commercial purposes only, but must credit the copyright holder (author, photographer, etc.). Derivatives are not permitted. ISSN - International (Online) 1994-6961 ISSN - United States (Online) 1938-7806 OCLC & World Cat # 145980807 Library of Congress Catalogue # 2007212183 International Journal of Architectural Research An international fully refereed journal published three times a year http://www.archnet.org http://www.archnetijaronline.org Archived and Architecture Indexed by Planning Archnet Built Environment Studies Avery Index to Architectural Volume (7) - Issue (3) - November 2013 Periodicals DOAJ-Directory of Open Access Chief Editor Journals Ashraf M. Salama EBSCO Current Collaborating Editor Abstracts-Art and Remah Y. Gharib Architecture Elsevier SCOPUS Guest Editors Intute Arts and Jason von Meding, Jamie Mackee and Humanities Thayaparan Gajendran ProQuest SPECIAL ISSUE: POST-DISASTER RECONSTRUCTION All contributors granted Massachusetts Institute of Technology (“MIT”) worldwide rights and permission to reproduce, distribute, publicly display, and publicly perform the following Work in electronic format on the ArchNet Internet web site at URL http://archnet.org. Views, opinions, and research results are the responsibility of the contributors. Images and figures are provided by the contributors. Copyright © 2013 Archnet-IJAR, Archnet, MIT- Massachusetts Institute of Technology Archnet-IJAR is published and archived by ARCHNET, the most comprehen- sive online community for architects, planners, urban designers, interior de- signers, landscape architects, and scholars working in these fields, developed at the MIT School of Architecture and Planning in close cooperation with, and with the full support of The Aga Khan Trust for Culture, an agency of the Aga Khan Development Network. Copyright Permission Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) Users are free to copy, distribute, or display the work for non-commercial purposes only, but must credit the copyright holder (author, photographer, etc.). Derivatives are not permitted. ISSN - International (Online) 1994-6961 ISSN - United States (Online) 1938-7806 OCLC & World Cat # 145980807 Library of Congress Catalogue # 2007212183 International Journal of Architectural Research An international fully refereed journal published three times a year http://www.archnet.org http://www.archnetijaronline.org Architecture Planning Built Environment Studies Volume (7) - Issue (3) - November 2013 Chief Editor Ashraf M. Salama Collaborating Editor Remah Y. Gharib Guest Editors Jason von Meding, Jamie Mackee and Thayaparan Gajendran SPECIAL ISSUE: POST-DISASTER RECONSTRUCTION Advisory Board Attilio Petruccioli, Besim S. Hakim, Hashim Sarkis, Henry Sanoff, Jamel Akbar, Michael J. Crosbie, Mohamad Al-Asad, Nasser Rabbat, Nicholas Wilkinson, Nikos A. Salingaros, Peter Rowe, Suha Ozkan. Editorial Board Ahmed Elseragy, Akhtar Chauhan, Aleya Abel- Hadi, Ali Cengizkan, Amer Moustafa, Amira Elnokaly, Anne Beamish, Budi Sukada, Chengzhi Peng, Dalila Al-Kerdani, Donatella Mazzoleni, Ebru Cubukcu, Eman El-Nachar, Fuad Mallick, Hisham Elkadi, Hulya Turgut, Ihab Elzeyadi, M. Alaa Mandour, Malika Bose, Magda Sibley, Mashary Al-Naim, Mirjana Lozanovska, Nada Al Nafea, Peter Kellett, Rabee Reffat, Sonja Nebel, Yasser El-Shehstawy, Yasser Mahgoub. Copyright © 2013 Archnet-IJAR, Archnet, MIT- Massachusetts Institute of Technology International Journal of Architectural Research Table of Contents VOLUME (7) – ISSUE (3) – NOVEMBER 2013 EDITORIAL: BUILT ENVIRONMENT PERSPECTIVES ON POST-DISASTER RECONSTRUCTION (08/13) Jason von Meding, Jamie Mackee and Thayaparan Gajendran SECTION 1- CONTEXT AND CULTURE LONG-TERM CULTURAL IMPACTS OF DISASTER DECISION-MAKING The Case of Post Earthquake Reconstruction in Marathwada, India (14/23) Rohit Jigyasu BEYOND THE APPEREANCE OF HERITAGE Reconstruction of Historic Areas Affected by Earthquakes in Chile (24/39) Bernadette Devilat Loustalot A THEORETICAL APPROACH TO THE DESIGN OF A SURVEY INSTRUMENT IN POST-DISASTER RECONSTRUCTION Defining Indicators for a Human-Based Study in Rural Built-Environment (40/56) Didem Yilmaz, Jason von Meding and Gul Kacmaz Erk SECTION 2- THEORY HOUSING AND RECONSTRUCTION IN CHILE (2010-2012) Institutional and social transformation in post-disaster contexts (57/79) Camilla Cociña Varas and Camillo Boano AN EVALUATION OF THE USEFULNESS OF ACTOR NETWORK THEORY IN UNDERSTANDING THE COMPLEXITIES OF VULNERABILITY AND RESILIENCE IN POST-DISASTER RECONSTRUCTION (80/92) Graham Brewer, Aiobheann McVeigh and Jason von Meding SECTION 3- RESILIENCE AND RISK REDUCTION REDUCING RISK AND PROMOTING SUSTAINABILITY IN THE FOOTHILLS OF THE HIMALAYAS A Pedagogy for Teaching and Practicing Sustainable Development (93/107) Sarah Ernst and Andrew Edwards BUILD BACK BETTER: LESSONS FROM SRI LANKA’S RECOVERY FROM THE 2004 INDIAN OCEAN TSUNAMI (108/121) Sandeeka Mannakkara and Suzanne Wilkinson Archnet-IJAR, Volume 7 - Issue 3 - November 2013 - (xx-xx) – Special Issue Copyright © 2013 Archnet-IJAR, International Journal of Architectural Research International Journal of Architectural Research Table of Contents TECHNICAL REPORT- SHELTERING, FROM RELIEF TO RECONSTRUCTION: One Year after the 2010 East Azerbaijan Province Earthquake (122/129) Alireza Fallahi SECTION 4- DESIGN AN ANALYSIS OF AN INTERNATIONAL NGOS DESIGN DECISION-MAKING IN POST DISASTER DEVELOPING COUNTRY CONTEXT A Sri Lanka Case Study (130/145) John Bruen, Jason von Meding and Karim Hadjri THE ROLE OF LOW-COST HOUSING IN THE PATH FROM VULNERABILITY TO RESILIENCE (146/167) Mahmood Fayazi and Gonzalo Lizarralde Archnet-IJAR, Volume 7 - Issue 3 - November 2013 - (xx-xx) – Special Issue Copyright © 2013 Archnet-IJAR, International Journal of Architectural Research International Journal of Architectural Research Jason von Meding, Jamie Mackee and Thayaparan Gajendran EDITORIAL: BUILT ENVIRONMENT PERSPECTIVES ON POST-DISASTER RECONSTRUCTION 1Jason von Meding, 2Jamie Mackee and 3Thayaparan Gajendran University of Newcastle, Australia [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Overview It is with great pleasure that we would like to introduce this special issue of IJAR, a compilation of cutting-edge research that covers many of the key themes relevant to built environment researchers in disaster-related areas. This knowledge area is by its very nature absolutely multi- disciplinary and for this reason it is difficult to quantify built environment impacts, drivers and outcomes in isolation and disaggregate them from non-built environment factors. However, regardless of certain limitations to research carried out from a built environment perspective, as would be the case from any specific disciplinary perspective, a significant body of work has emerged and is constantly growing and evolving in parallel with the research agenda. Built environment researchers around the globe are now, more than ever, exploring various problems that threaten humanity in the way of dire vulnerability and more frequent and powerful hazards. This collection of papers will look specifically at one area of disaster management, post- disaster reconstruction. Reconstruction projects primarily occur during the recovery phase of the disaster cycle, playing a key role in bringing vulnerable communities back to normalcy, integrating disaster risk reduction and preparedness measures to increase resilience to future hazard events. The special issue is broken into four thematic areas; Context and Culture, Theory, Resilience and Risk Reduction and Design. The three papers in Section 1- Context and Culture deal with the impacts of disasters on places and the people that inhabit them, investigating the extent to which reconstruction projects can address social and cultural problems. Meanwhile, the two papers in Section 2- Theory put forward new theoretical perspectives with regards to stakeholder engagement and management,