Volume XXVII No 2 February, 1972 INFORMATION ISSUED BY THE

ASStKlAJmi OF mnSH REFIKEES IN GREAT BRITAHI

NEUE ERHOEHUNG DER ENTSCHAEDIGUNGSRENTEN Nach den Bestimmungen des Entschadigungsgesetzes ist bei (d) Hbherer Dienst* Berechnung der Hohe der Entschadigungsrenten (Hinterbliebenen­ bis 35 bis 45 bis 50 iiber 50 rente, Renten fiir Gesundheitsschaden und Berufsschaden) die Jahre Jahre Jahre Jahre ieweilige Hbhe der Versorgungsbeziige der Beamten der deutschen ab 1.9.69 420 767 1.088 1.190 Bundesrepublik massgebend. Da diese Versorgungsbeziige bei der ab 1.1.71 470 870 1.173 1.309 such in Deutschland eingetretenen Geldentwertung von Zeit zu Zeit * Beim hoheren Dienst wird zwischen 4 (statt 3) Altersgruppen erhoht werden, ist jeweils eine entsprechende Erhohung der unterschieden. Entschadigungsrenten erforderlich. Ueber die letzte Rentenerhohung durch die Verordnungen vom Die Hochstrente, welche ab 1.9.1969 DM 1.190 betrug, ist fiir 11-7.1970 war in unserer Ausgabe von September 1970 berichtet die Zeit ab 1.1.1971 auf DM1.309 erhoht worden, also um 10%. Worden. Da inzwischen die deutschen Beamtengehalter weiter erhoht Worden sind, war seit langem eine entsprechende Aenderung der 2. Frither unselbstandig Tatige Durchfiihrungsverordnungen zum Entschadigungsgesetz erwartet *orden. Diese Aenderung der drei Durchfiihrungsverordnungen zum Diese Rente wird nach einem Bruchteil der (seinerzeit nicht Entschadigungsgesetz ist nuimiehr am 20.12.1971 mit Riickwirkung auf gewahlten) Kapitalentschadigung errechnet. Hier erfolgt die °en 1. Januar 1971 erfolgt. Der Regierungsentwurf zu den Erhohung in der Weise, dass die ab 1.9.1969, also gegenwartig Aenderungsverordnungen war bereits Anfang Mai 1971 den Ver­ zahlbaren Renten, falls sie nicht mehr als DM 1.100 betragen, um tretern der Verfolgtenverbande vorgelegt worden. Jedoch wurden weitere 8,9% erhoht werden; die Rentenbetrage von mehr als Verbesserungen des Entwurfs, insbesonders von der Claims Confer­ DM 1.101 jedoch nur um 7%, mindestens jedoch um monatlich DM98. ence und dem Council of Jews from Germany, beantragt. Leider Die vorerwahnte Hochstgrenze von DM 1.309 monatlich darf auch bei sind diese Verbesserungsvorschlage im wesentlichen vergeblich diesen Renten nicht iiberschritten werden. gewesen. Nur beziiglich der Mindestrenten, deren Erhohung in den letzten Jahren mit der allgemeinen Rentenerhohung nicht Schritt 3. Vertriebene deutscher Volkszugehorigkeit Sehalten hatte, ist insofern eine Verbesserung erreicht worden, als diese Mindestrenten gegeniiber der im Regierungsentwurf vor- Bei den Vertriebenen deutscher Volkszugehorigkeit aus Gebieten, Sesehenen Erhohung um nur 7,9%, durch die neuen Verordnungen die am 31.12.1937 nicht zum Deutschen Reich gehort haben, besteht Segeniiber dem bisherigen Stand um 12% erhoht worden sind. bekanntlich eine Sonderregelung. Bei ihnen ist die Berufsschadens­ Alle Rentenerhohungen sind von amtswegen, also ohne Stellung rente, die ab 1.9.1969 monatlich DM 318 betrug, fur die Zeit ab 1.1.1971 eines besonderen Antrages vorzunehmen; die Differenzbetrage fiir auf DM 356 erhoht worden, die entsprechende Berufsschadenswitwen­ die Zeit seit 1.1.1971 werden als Nachzahlungen geleistet werden. rente von DM 242 monatlich auf DM 271. Infolge der grossen Zahl der Rentenberechtigten wird aber die Durch­ fuhrung seitens der Entschadigungsbehorde leider weitere Monate in II. RENTEN FUER GESUNDHEITSSCHADEN Anspruch nehmen. Es ist unmoglich, die gesamten Zahlen der umfangreichen Hier konnen, weil die Berechnung der allgemeinen Rente nur Verordnungen hier zu wiederholen; in Zweifelsfallen mussen die im Einzelfall moglich ist, nur die Uindestrenten angegeben werden. Beteiligten bei ihren Rechtsberatern (sei es bei der U.R.O. oder Sie betragen: ihren Anwalten) Riickfrage halten, sobald sie Benachrichtigungen der Entschadigungsbehorde iiber die nunmehrige Hohe ihrer Rente Erwerbsminderung ab 1.9.69 ab 1.1.71 erhalten. Zusammenfassend kann gesagt werden, dass die Mindest­ DM DM renten, wie oben erwahnt, nunmehr.iiir die Zeit ab 1.1.1971 12% bis 39% 187 209 hiiher sind als die seit 1.9.1969 geltenden Satze. Im ubrigen betragt bis 49% 234 262 die Erhohung im Durchschnitt 11%, und bei Renten, welche hiiher bis 59% 281 315 als DM1.000 monatlich waren, etwa 9J% bis 10%. Infolge von bis 69% 326 365 Eigenheiten des Beamtenrechts sind aber die prozentualen Erhohun- bis 79% 373 418 8en bei der Gruppe des mittleren Dienstes etwas hoher—in der Regel 80% und mehr 465 521 14-15%—und bei der Gruppe der Beamten des gehobenen Dienstes etwas niedriger, im allgemeinen etwa 9-9i%. Fiir die einzelnen m. WrrWENRENTEN BEI SCHADEN AM LEBEN Schadensgruppen konnen folgende Beispiele gegeben werden: Die monatlichen Vollrenten (bei einem Hundertsatz von 100%, I. BERUFSSCHADENSRENTEN welcher im Einzelfall gekiirzt werden kann), sind wie folgt erhoht: 1. Friiher selbstandig Tatige Einstufung ab 1.9.69 ab 1.1.71 DM DM Lebensalter am bis 35 bis 45 iiber 45 Einfacher Dienst 404 448 1.10.1953 Jahre Jahre Jahre Mittlerer Dienst 504 584 DM DM DM Gehobener Dienst 725 800 Hoherer Dienst 1.000 1.139 ("•) Einfacher Dienst ab 1.9.69 258 416 491 Die Witwenmindestrente ist von DM 373 auf DM 418 erhoht. Die ab 1.1.71 288 462 545 Elternrente fur einen Elternteil ist die Halfte der vorstehend angegebenen Betrage. (b) Mittlerer Dienst Erschopfende Angaben iiber die Berechnung im Einzelfall konnen ab 1.9.69 298 507 613 hier nicht gemacht werden. Da aber die Beamten die Berechnung ab 1.1.71 341 586 710 aufgrund der amtlichen Tabellen vornehmen, werden Riickfragen (c) Gehobener Dienst bei den Rechtsberatem der Rentenempfanger nur bei erheblichen ab 1.9.69 402 691 837 Abweichungen von den vorstehend angegebenen Zahlen zweckmassig ab 1.1.71 446 758 914 sein. ind

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Page 2 AJR INFORMATION February, 1972 JEWRY IN THE EAST THE GERMAN SCENE ANTISEMI'nC POLE DEMOTED ENTSCHAEDIGUNG NACH HEINE MEMORIAL STAMP IN WEST Following the Congress of the Polish Com­ BEAMTENRECHT GERMANY munist Party, General Mieczyslaw Moczar has Fertigstellung der Habilitationsschrift been dropped from the Politburo. Moczar, The Federal German postal administration formerly in charge of the Polish security police, ausreichend will issue a special stamp to commemorate is chairman of the Supreme Control Commis­ Das Bundesverfassungsgericht hat in seinem the 175th birthday of Heinrich Heine on sion. He was the leader of the antisemitic December 13, 1972. Thus, under pressure of "Partisan" faction of the party, mainly respon­ Beschluss vom 4.11.1971 (veroffentlicht in der public opinion causing the intervention of Neuen Juristischen Wochenschrift, Heft 51/71) sible for the "anti-Zionist" campaign launched several Federal MPs, including Professor in Poland in 1968. As a result the majority of einen Entschadigungsausschluss im BWG6D Carlo Schmid, Minister Leber reversed several Polish Jews had to leave their jobs and pub­ bei Habilitationsbehinderung aus national­ earlier decisions by the Bundespost rejecting lic life, and some 12,000 of the 20,000 Jews in sozialistischen Verfolgungsgriinden fiir ver­ "for administrative reasons" proposals for Poland have left since 1968. fassungswidrig erklart. In dem zur Entschei­ Heine anniversary stamps submitted by Although Moczar's expulsion from the Polit­ dung vorgelegten Falle hatte der Beschwer- Diisseldorf's Heinrich Heine University Com­ buro spells the end of his personal career, defiihrer die persbnlichen Voraussetzungen mittee. some of his followers among the most active fiir die Habilitierung nach der damals gelten­ The whole of Diisseldorf's local press wel­ in the anti-Jewish campaign have been pro­ comed the decision which Otto Schonfeldt, the moted. den Habilitationsordnung erfiillt. Er hatte eine Citizens Committee's spokesman, described as nach dem Urteil des Ordinarius ausgezeichnete a "victory of civic courage and common sense Habilitationsschrift fertiggestellt, die aber aus in a Democracy ". " NO JEWISH PROBLEM " politischen Griinden keine Aussicht mehr F.H. Mr. Alexei Kosygin, the Soviet Prime Minis­ hatte, von der Fakultat angenommen zu ter, on a four-day visit to Denmark said that werden. AWARD FOR TERENCE PRITTIE the Soviet authorities are actively considering Das Verfassungsgericht fiihrt aus, es sei a "large number" of applications from Jews willkiJrlich, diejenigen, die alles nach mass­ In recognition of his work for Anglo-German who want to leave for Israel. He also told a geblichen Vorschriften Wesentliche in ihrer understanding, Mr. Terence Prittie was press conference that there was "no Jewish Person refiillt, insbesondere die von ihnen awarded the German Federal Cross of Merit problem in the Soviet Union". This was "a (First Class). He is the first British journalist myth exploited by the West". There were zu erbringenden Leistungen erbracht haben, to be so honoured. Mr. Prittie was Gu/irdian Jews in Soviet prisons as well as members of anders zu behandeln als diejenigen, die correspondent in Bonn for 16 years and has other Soviet nationalities, but that was because zunachst Angehorige des oflentlichen Dienstes written four books on Germany. He also has they had violated the laws of the country. werden konnten und dann daraus aus Ver­ to his credit two books on Israel, "Miracle in Official Soviet statistics proved that Jews folgungsgriinden entfernt wurden. the Desert" and "Eshkol of Israel: the Man occupied high positions in Government offices and the Nation ". Since leaving The Guardian and in the fields of science, medicine, art and NEWS FROM BERLIN Mr. Prittie, as an outstanding author and education. Awards journalist, has devoted many of his activities The Danish Action Group for Soviet Jews to the promotion of understanding for the staged a peaceful demonstration at Copen­ On the occasion of his 70th birthday. Pro­ case of Israel. hagen airport when Mr. Kosygin arrived. fessor Dr. Ernst Heinitz was awarded the Grand Demonstrators also paraded outside the Soviet Federal Cross of Merit. A nephew of the well- WAR CRIMINAL SENTENCED Embassy each day of Mr. Kosygin's visit. known Berlin lawyer, the late Geheime Rabbi Bent Melchior, the Chief Rabbi of Copen­ Justizrat Dr. Emst Heinitz, Professor Heinitz In Munich, Hans Guenter Sobotta, a former hagen, addressed a meeting called by the was in 1933 dismissed as a judge for "racial" supervisor at three Nazi forced labour camps Jewish Board of Representatives, appealing reasons. He emigrated to Italy, where he in Galicia and Eastern Europe, was sentenced to Mr. Kosygin to "Let my people go ". studied law anew and hecame a lawyer and to life imprisonment for murdering three lecturer in Florence. In 1948 he received a Jewish boys between 1942 and 1943. The jury SOVIET WRITERS EXPEL POET call to the University of Erlangen, and in 1952 found that Sobotta had not been a mere accom­ he was appointed Professor at the Berlin Free plice of the Nazi murder machinery, but had Alexander Arkadievich Galich, expelled University. He was Rector of the University killed Jews of his own free will and in excess from the Moscow branch of the Soviet Writers' from 1961-63, and, from 1959 to 1966, also of orders. Sobotta, who denied personal respon­ Union, was accused of trying to persuade Senatspraesident at the Kammergericht. sibility for the crimes, was acquitted on five Soviet Jews to emigrate to Israel; trying to The German Federal Cross of Merit (First other murder charges. corrupt other citizens; and of having connec­ Class) was awarded to Mr. Georg Suesskind, tions with both "Zionists" and "antisemites ". a Board member of the Berlin Jewish com­ RELATIONS WITH ARABS Mr. Galich, a film and theatre script writer, munity. From 1925-38 Mr. Suesskind was a has been unable for some time to obtain work broker at the Berlin Stock Exchange. He A West German Foreign Ministry spokes­ in this field, although still a member of the survived the persecution period under great man, commenting on the announcements that Film-Makers' Union. He is best known in the difficulties and after the Second World War Algeria and Sudan had decided to resume full Soviet Union for his protest songs and poems, put himself at the disposal of the re-estab­ diplomatic relations with West Germany, re­ some of which hit at the Stalinist revival and lished Jewish community. A member of the iterated Bonn's determination to pursue a others at antisemitism. Mr. Galich is also a Community Board for more than ten years, he balanced policy in the Middle East. The "corresponding member" of the Human Rights is in charge of the Community's Finance Foreign Minister, Mr. Walter Scheel, had given Committee, formed by Professor Andrei Sak- Department. a pledge to this effect when he visited Israel harov, a member of the Soviet Academy of in the summer and again in New York recently. Sciences. The Federal Cross of Merit (First Class) was also awarded to Mrs. Gertie Hoffnung, HUNGER STRIKES Head of the Welfare Department of the Berlin DEATH OF PAINTER Jewish community, on the occasion of her 70th The 25 Jews still serving sentences imposed birthday. IMrs. Hoffnung, who was born in The Impressionist painter, Fritz Blau, died at the first Leningrad "hijacking" trial, the Breslau and lived in Palestine from 1937 to in Berlin-Spandau at the age of 89. He was second Leningrad trial, and other trials in 1951, is also a member of the presidium of the founder of the "Verein Juryfreie Kunst- Riga and Kishinev, fasted to mark the first Children and Youth Aliyah in Germany. anniversary of the first trial in December, 1970. ausstellung ". Jews in Moscow, Riga, Kishinev, Leningrad, Kiev, Vilnius, Tbilisi, Odessa and Rostov-on- Don fasted too. In London, Miss Madeleine Hamel, who works in advertising, fasted outside the Soviet Embassy. In Jerusalem 20 people, including' relatives and friends of Soviet Jews imprisoned Feuchtwanger (London) Ltd. after the first Leningrad trial, went on hunger strike in solidarity with the fasting Soviet Bankers Jews. REBIRTH OF JEWISH CONSCIOUSNESS BASILDON HOUSE, 741 MOORGATE, E.C.2 Yosef Kerler, the former Soviet Yiddish poet, addressing 1,200 people in the Beth Telephone: 01-600 8151 Tzedec Synagogue in Toronto, paid tribute to j the rebirth of Jewish consciousness in the i Soviet Union. Telex: London 25157 Mr. Kerler recently emigrated to Israel, and received the Itzhik Manger Prize for Yiddish Literature. AJR INFORMA'nON February, 1972 Page 3 HOME NEWS ANGLO-JVDAICA NEW YEAR HONOURS BRIGHTON REPORTER ATTACKED Plight of Aged In the New Year Honours three Jews were The Brighton correspondent of the " Jewish A " Fund for the Jewish Aged " has been appointed Knights Bachelor : Mr. Emil Her­ Chronicle," Mrs. Molly Brandl Bowen, was set up by a group of leading professional bert Peter Abeles, of New South Wales, for attacked and left unconscious outside her business men to alleviate the distressing con­ services to transport, charities and universi­ home. She did not see who attacked her, ditions in which thousands of elderly Jews ties in Australia ; Professor Martin Roth, pro­ but heard a man say: " This is from our are forced to live. The sponsors of the fund fessor of psychological medicine at Newcastle German friends ; that is for your Jewish thugs include Lord Goodman, Mr. Rosser Chinn and University; and Mr. Michael Sobell, chair­ and our compliments to the ' Jewisn Sir John Cohen. The money is required mainly man of Radio and Allied (Holdings), for Chronicle.'" by existing welfare organisations to meet their charitable services. current obligations, and it is hoped to raise A recent issue of the "J.C." carried Mrs. £100,000 a year from 1,000 people, each to The C.B.E. was awarded to the author, Mr. Bowen's report of the Northern League's donate £100 a year. Arthur Koestler, and to the Glasgow property annual meeting at the Pavilion Hotel, Brigh­ magnate and philanthropist, Mr. Isidore Aaron ton, where an organisation calling itself 'he Walton, for services to the community. Anti-Fascist Research Group alleged that many Ajex Ambassadors The list also includes an O.B.E. for Mr. members present were former SS officers. Martin Julius Esslin, head of radio drama, Three of the Germans there were attacked The Association of Jewish Ex-Servicemen British Broadcasting Corporation. Mr. Gustav by a group of unknown men. Mrs. Bowen feels and Women's " Christmas help in hospitals " Hines, or Springfield, South Australia, who that her report caused bitter feelings among scheme is now in its twelfth year. This Christ­ Was appointed an O.B.E. for services to the members of the Northem League and those mas some 3,500 members and supporters of Jewish community, is a refugee from Germany. present at the meeting. The Brighton C.I.D. Ajex took part. They helped out with trans­ He is a Vice-President of the Executive Council are treating the assault and the anonymous, port and administration, feeding patients, dish­ of Australian Jewry. threatening telephone calls seriously. washing and floor-scrubbing to relieve hospital The M.B.E. was awarded to Mrs. Eve Casket staff over Christmas. This work has earned for services to the Jewish Blind Society, RADIO LONDON DENIALS them the reputation of ambassadors to the Manchester. cause of good relations between Jews and Mr. Abraham Marks, secretary of the Board Gentiles. of Deputies, was quoted in the " Daily Tele­ APPOINTMENTS graph " as saying that the Board had been Prisoner Adopted Men sponsoring the Radio London programme, " You Don't Have to be Jewish," since its Josef Mendelevich, a 24-year-old native of Lord Justice Salmon, formerly Sir Cyril inception last May. The B.B.C. and the pro­ Riga, convicted at the flrst Leningrad aircraft Salmon, has been appointed a Lord of Appeal gramme's producer have denied the sugges­ hijack trial in December, 1970, has been adopted In Ordinary in succession to the late Lord tion, stating that the B.B.C. was not being by the Leicester " Young Action Group for Donovan. He has been a judge of the Court paid to get out the programme and that it the Release of Soviet Jews ". The group hope of Appeal since 1964. As a High Court judge was put out by the B.B.C. using B.B.C. facili­ to secure the release of Mendelevich, serving he adjudicated in several well-known cases. ties and under the editorial control of the a twelve-year sentence, by publicity and Sir Bernhard Katz, professor of biophysics B.B.C. The producer said the Board only paid protest. at University College, London, and joint win­ him a fee for producing the programme and ner of last year's Nobel Prize for medicine, he had a small allowance for fees for con­ New Home Opened has been appointed a vice-president of the tributors. Royal Society. Dr. Monty Finniston, also A home for the aged in Fortis Green, North appointed to the post, is deputy chairman and DISCRIMINATION IN REVERSE London, has been officially opened by Sir chief executive of the British Steel Corpora­ Charles Clore. Part of the £li million project tion, and a member of the New London Syna­ Watford Council has been accused by for six Jewish Welfare Board developments, gogue. Jewish and Gentile market traders of dis­ the £250,000 home has been named after Sir crimination against non-Jews on account of Charles, who gave £150,000 towards the cost. their religion, and the matter may be taken Charles Clore House accommodates active Women up with the Race Relations Board. When the elderly people, as well as those in need of new Watford Sunday market was opened a care and attention, and comprises 42 single Four women have lately been appointed little while ago the local council told non- and eight double bedrooms, as well as staff Justices of the Peace. Mrs. Eileen Lewis, Jews applying for permits that they could accommodation. Communal facilities are also of Sheffield ; Mrs. Janice Hart, also of Shef­ not operate on Sundays because the Shops provided. field ; Mrs. Hannah Levy, who is one of five Act stated that only Jews and members of new magistrates for Scarborough ; and Mrs. religions which observed Saturday as their Brodie Institute for Jewish Studies Barbara Monnikendam, who has been Sabbath could trade on Sundays up to 2 p.m. appointed a Justice of the Peace for Brighton. The Sir Israel and Lady Brodie Institute Dr. Gillian Rose, who received the M.B.Ch.B. VIENNA-BORN STAMP DESIGNER for Jewish Studies, in Golders Green, has been honours degrees from Manchester University, formally opened. Sir Israel Brodie, the was lately married at the South Manchester A stamp designed by the London stamp Emeritus Chief Rabbi, referred to the build­ Synagogue to Dr. Leslie Bowers, a consultant designer, Fritz Wegner, has won for the ing as "a further milestone in the history of at the Toronto General Hospital, Canada. British Post Office a cup awarded annually in the service rendered to Jewish education by Miss Rose Heilbron, Q.C., has become the Paris for the best European stamp design of Jews' College ", under which the institute and first woman judge to preside at the Old the year. The stamp i? the 7ip value in the its hall of residence are run. Bailey. Miss Myrel!a Cohen, Q.C., has been general anniversaries Set and celebrates the sworn in as a Circuit Court judge. 1,900th anniversary of the founding of York. Mr. Wegner was born in Vienna and came to Leeds Synagogue England in 1938 at the age of 14. C-BJ. GRANTS An extraordinary meeting of the members of the Leeds Psalms of David and Talmud The Central British Fund has granted Congregation decided to sell the synagogue £15,000 to provide meals and winter relief With acknowledgement to the news in Reginald Terrace, Chapeltown. The pro­ for elderly people in Eastern Europe. Alloca­ service of the Jewish Chronicle. ceeds of the sale, expected to be between tions also include £7,000 for a family neigh­ £20,000 and £25,000, will go towards the build­ bourhood centre in Paris ; £6,000 for a home ing of the proposed new synagogue on the for the aged and sick in Rumania; £5,000 Moor Allerton Golf Club site in Primley Park. towards the emigration of refugees through THEODOR HERZL SOCIETY At present less than 5 per cent of the syna­ the United Hias Services; and £3,900 for 57 Eton Avenue, London, N.W.S gogue members live in the area, the majority homes for Jews in Tunis. Funds totalling living in Moortown and Alwoodley. over £22,000 have also been made available In the 14th Lecture Course for other projects. TREASURES & PLACES IN ISRAEL In conjunction wfth London University. Orthodox Split IN MEMORY OF NORMAN BENTWICH Dr. E. Stern (Archaeological Dept. Tel Aviv Rabbi Gershon Wulwick, in a sermon at University) will speak on the Heaton Park Synagogue, Manchester, The British Friends of the Hebrew Univer- Monday, February 7, at 8.15 p.m., on criticised the two Orthodox groups which left are to launch an appeal in memory of the late "THE NEW EXCAVATIONS " the Board of Deputies. He declared that to Professor Norman Bentwich. "This beloved and Mr. Benad Avital, Counsellor, Israeli step out of line, as the Federation of Syna­ personality, also a well-known friend of our Embassy, on Mondav, February 21, on gogues and the Union of Orthodox Hebrew community, was one of the founders and "THE PRESENT AND FUTURE OF THE Congregations had done, was to weaken the national chairman of the Friends until his whole fabric of Orthodox Jewry in this coun­ death last April. More than a dozen dis­ KIBBUTZIM " try. Nobody had the right to believe that tinguished British and Israeli scholars will su^ ALL WELCOME. because they thought differently everyone else port the appeal. Phone enquiries. Mr. H. M. Hirsch, 435 7221. was wrong, he said. Page 4 AJR INFORMATION February, 1972

IBE GOLDMANN CONTROVERSY NEWS FROM ABROAD Dr. Nahum Goldmann, president of the World Jewish Congress, told the Board of AMERICA SOUTH AMERICAN VOLCANO ? Deputies that world Jewry should not concen­ trate exclusively on demanding the emigra­ End of a Joumal Mr. Arye L. Pincus, the chairman of the tion of Soviet Jews to Israel. Even after large- Jewish Agency, has stated that hundreds of scale emigration, millions of Jews would re­ The New York Yiddish daily, the Jewish thousands of South American Jews are sit­ main in the Soviet Union. It would be a crime Day-Morning journal, has ceased publication. ting on a volcano of social and economic dis­ and a betrayal of them and of the Jewish The paper's columnist for 50 years was Mr. content, and should leave now before being people in the future if the position of some B. Z. Goldberg, the son-in-law of Sholem forced to go to Israel as refugees. Experi­ extremist groups was adopted that all we want Aleichem. The paper, which once had a ence, he said, had shown that Jews were is to let them go and not care about the circulation of several hundred thousand and always the first victims of dangerous political remainder. A terrible precedent would also fell to about 38,000, was founded as Der Tog trends. South American Jewish leaders must be created since every country could begin in 1914. heed the warnings and begin organising the to persecute Jews and say that "if they don't The Jewish Daily Forward and the Left-wing departure of members of the community. like it they can go to Israel". It had been Moming Freiheit are now the only two Yid­ The local office of the Arab League, in its proved that the existence of Communist dish dailies left in New York. propaganda campaigns against Israel and the regimes did not necessarily mean the extinc­ local Jewish community, is emphasising the tion of Jewish life. The most appropriate Defence League Operates report of a rise in antisemitic feelings among measures and methods have therefore to be u'tra-Nationalist and some Roman Catholic found to secure Jewish identity and survival The offices of the Syrian mission at the circles in Argentina. United Nations were ransacked and daubed in Communist countries. with red and green paint. An anonymous London news agency reports of Dr. Gold­ caller te'ephoning the police and newspapers TORONTO CHURCH CRITICISM mann's warning reaching Israel caused a denounced the persecution of Jews in Syria, furore in Israel. As a result of his speech the ending his message with the words : " Never A Toronto United Church clergyman, the Zionist Executive withdrew its invitation to again", the slogan of the Jewish Defence Rev. Donald Keating, has resigned from the Dr. Goldmann to deliver the keynote speech League. ministry after 20 years, in protest against assessing 75 years of Zionism at the festive what he terms the indifference of some of its Zionist Congress in Jerusalem. In a cable to TV Programme Sponsored leading members to antisemitism in the the WJC president informing him of its Church "reluctant" decision, the Zionist Executive A New York television programme, Jewish In an interview with the Canadian Jewish declared that efforts to help Soviet Jews should Dimension, sponsored every week by the News, JVIr. Keating claimed that the United be concentrated on the struggle for emigra­ American Jewish Committee, recently Church leadership was guilty of silence on tion, not on obtaining civil rights for Soviet featured Professor Ismar Schorsch, of the grave issues concerning Jews, and that the Jews. At the same time the executive acknow­ Jewish Theological Seminary of America, and leadership had failed to take up the question ledged Dr. Goldmann's right to participate in Professor Leo Hershkowitz, of Queens Col­ of the pro-Arab policy of the United Church the Zionist Congress and say whatever he lege. In a discussion on how Jews have Observer. wished. Dr. Goldmann described the decision been treated in historical works. Professor as "very dangerous" and a basic betrayal of Schorsch said that too much attention was paid the Zionist idea. He had not wanted to address to " the antisemitic dimension of Jewish his­ FRANCE the Zionist Congress in the first place, and tory and not enough to the intemal history would not now attend the congress, he said. of the Jews or to Jewish creativity ". Both Chief Rabbi Honoured speakers agreed that the treatment of his­ HOLLAND torians reflected the policy of the Jewish com­ Dr. Jacob Kaplan, the Chief Rabbi of France, munity, and the reason for the Jewish his­ has been honoured at two ceremonies in Jeru­ Anniversary of Liberal Congregations torian's " self-imposed censorship" was a salem, where he led the French delegation fear of criticism. to the second world conference of synagogue To mark the 40th anniversary of the begin­ organisations and kehillot. He was presented W.Z.O. Education Award ning of Jewish liberal activities in Holland, with the " Crown of High Renown" of the the Monthly of the Federation of Jewish- The World Zionist Organisation is introduc­ Union of Orthodox Jewish Congregations of Liberal Congregations in the Netherlands pub­ ing an international Jewish education award America at Hechal Shlomo, the Israeli Chief lished a special issue in which the history of in honour of President Shazar of Israel. Open Rabbinate centre. At Bar-llan University he the movement during those eventful four to educationists and institutions in different attended the inauguration of a Chair named decades is surveyed. countries, three awards worth £300 will be in his honour. The pubMcation relates that the first rabbis presented annually to winners from three of the founder-congregations had come from countries, with one always reserved for an Art Expert for Academy Germany. They were Ludwig Jakob Mehler, entrant in the United States or Canada. who, on the recommendation of Leo Baeck, The awards will emphasise work in pre­ Mr. Daniel Wildenstein, the 54-year-old went to Amsterdam in 1934, and Dr. Hans paring original texts and new teaching mate­ French-Jewish art connoisseur, has been Andorn, who, after having served the com­ rial ; new teaching methods for Hebrew and elected *. member of the French Academy munities of Karlsruhe and Nuremberg, was adult education; and new techniques in of Fine Arts. The owner of one of the finest appointed Rabbi of the Liberal Hague Con­ teacher-training. art collections in France, he also owns art gregation in 1938. Both rabbis and their galleries in the capital cities of various coun­ families were deported and perished in Belsen A Rabbi Communicates tries and France's oldest art review. La at the beginning of 1945. The publication Gazette des Beaux Arts. The Wildenstein also mentions that, prior to Rabbi Mehler, British-born, 45-year-old Rabbi Alan W. Foundation in New York was established by Rabbi Hirschberg officiated as a Liberal rabbi Miller, for the past ten years with the Society in Holland. for the Advancement of Judaism, the Re­ him. constructionist Synagogue on Manhattan's west side, says that " no rabbi has a hot line HAHAM'S TRIBUTE TO SPAIN URO LAWYERS' JUBILEES to God ". He believes he must he a teacher to his congregants, not a father-figure, and The Spanish Govemment's action in giving Dr. Harry Knopf and Dr. Otto Bental is determined to break the impersonal barrier refuge to thousands of persecuted Jews fleeing between pulpit and pew. After an hour at from the Nazis during the war was praised On January 14, Dr. Harry Knopf (Tel Aviv) the bima he comes down so that he and his by Dr. Solomon Gaon, the Haham. He was was 85, and on January 18 Dr. Otto Bental congregants can " communicate with each addressing the new community of Palma, (Berlin) 75. Both are leading officials of the other informally ". Majorca, at the first public meeting of the United Restitution Organisation. Many young people have been induced 'o Majorca community, recognised by the Spanish Before he went to Palestine Dr. Knopf was attend religious services and join in the dis­ Government last August. a lawyer at the Kammergericht and Syndicus cussion periods. Rabbi Miller not only Dr. Gaon has received an Order from Gen­ of several organisations, among them the preaches but practises Jewish social action. eral Franco for his contribution to Spanish Genossenschaft Deutscher Buehnenange­ He works with Negroes on urban renewal culture, and is the only rabbi to be decorated hoeriger. He has been widely recognised by his plans and his children are educated at a by the Spanish ruler. articles on restitution matters published in public and not a private school. various periodicals. Dr. Bental has been head of the Berlin URO GREEK SINGER HELPS J.N.F. office since 1950. He was already a specialist STAMPS on questions of compensation, though of a While on a concert tour of Brussels, Miss GERMANY AND TERRITORIES diflferent kind, after the First World War Nana Mouskouri, the Greek singer, agreed Bought and sold- Mall only. No callers please. when claims for assets in ceded formerly Ger­ to take part in a ceremony to celebrate the man territories had to be dealt with. One of 70th anniversary of the Jewish National Fund. PETER C. RICKENBACK his hobbies is English poetry and, in 1957, he Reports also state that she has contributed 14 Rosllyn HIII. London. NWS 1PF. Td: 01-433 0231 translated poems and ballads by Algernon to the cost of 200 trees to be planted in her 25 years of Philatelic experience Charles Swinbourne into German. honour in a J.N.F. forest near Jerusalem. E.G.L. AJR INFORMATION February, 1972 Page 5 I-ucie Schach ne Old Acquaintances DESPAffi AND SURVIVAL Milestones: Fritz Schrecker, the Austrian ' • . . Suddenly about 1 o'clock in the insight into the human condition, and only actor who, during the war, broadcast from morning, there was a sharp unbearably ex­ with occasional bitterness, she has once London to Germany and Austria as "Gefreiter plicit knock at the door. 'They have come for and for all validly defined the effect of dic­ Adolf Hirnschal" and "Alois mit dem gruenen jj'ssip', I said and went to open the door. I tatorial terror: " Everybody is a victim. Not Hut", is 80 years old. The well-known had expected them to say How do you do? or only those who die, but also the kiUers, "Fiakerlied" which he sang at the opening of Is this Mandelstam's apartment? or something ideologists, accomplices and sycophants who the Austrian cabaret "Das Latemdl" in else of the kind that a visitor says in order close their eyes or wash their hands—even if London before the war, he heard once from '0 be let in by the person who opens the they are secretly consumed with remorse at Girardi who made it famous. Schrecker part­ door. But the night visitors of our times do night". nered Gisela Werbezirk and produced numer­ not stand on ceremony—like secret police- Although Nadezhda Mandelstam never ous comedies with her. He is still busy with agents the world over, I suppose ". pointedly speaks of her husband and herself TV and in Bush House, and seems far younger The year was 1934 and it happened in as Jews, the subject of discrimination against than his years.—In Hollywood, where he Moscow. The scene was the beginning of them comes into focus, if only incidentally, a worked in films until his retirement, Rudi Ossip and Nadezhda Mandelstam's tragedy; few times. She does record her experience of Feld, the Berlin^born art designer of many an ordeal that ended for Ossip Man- non-existing anti-semitism among the simple Ufa films, has celebrated his 75th birthday. oelstam—one of modern Russia's most gifted Russians whom she met in the provinces, and He went first to Israel before emigrating to and sensitive poets—with his death in a con- among the peasants. Yet much more the USA. eentration camp, probably four or six years significant for the prevailing situation, Beyond the Wall: When West Berliners are jater. His wife survived the war and the appears to be Pasternak's reaction to Ossip able to cross over to the Eastern sector again, ^error somewhere in a remote region of the Mandelstam's fatal anti-Stalinist poem, when they will not recognise Unter den Linden. Of ^oviet Union. It was not until 1965 that she he strongly reproached her: " How could he the Adlon only the "Entrance for Servants" is was finally allowed to retum to Moscow write a poem like that when he is a Jew? " left; the Russian Embassy is now where the wnere she immediately started to write her Equally interesting is Nadezhda's puzzlement; Bristol once was, and then comes Aeroflot, own account of the past. The result was her she does not seem to have felt then or, for Intourist and the press agency Novosti. After oook " Hope Against Hope "* (this is a pun on that matter, at the time of writing (after 1965) the Russians come the embassies of Poland "er first name: Nadezhda means Hope in that Jews in Soviet Russia led a more pre­ and Hungary, and, on the corner of Fried­ Russian). carious existence than their non-Jewish coun­ richstrasse, the offices of Scandinavian Air Among all the memoirs that in recent terparts. Services. Wilhelmstrasse is now called Otto- " Hope against Hope " is not an easy book Grotewohlstrasse and the former Jaeger­ g."^ have emerged from Russia this one strasse is now Otto-Nuschkestrasse. The Dom Wn t °^^ ^^ ^ unique document both as a to read. A writer who has lived through hell and has conquered despair cannot spare her is still not repaired, and the Singakademie is ah \ °* ^""^ ^"'^ ^ source of information readers. But those who will come to know now the Maxim-Gorki-Theater. Unchanged or oout life in the gruesome reality of Stalin's this exceptional woman through her story rebuilt are the Staatsoper and Hedwigs- ussia for aU those whose spirit would not will fully grasp the meaning of the citation Kathedrale. Schinkel's Neue Wache is now a uccuinb and whose faith in human dignity when her book was awarded the annual prize monument to the victims of fascism and mili­ would not be shaken. given for excellence and distinction in liter­ tarism. At the once famous Kranzler-Ecke the Qj Yif'P Mandelstam, a Russian Jew, was one ature relating to the Holocaust and its legacy Hotel Unter den Linden provides 250 single lat f original revolutionaries who by the by the World Federation of Bergen-Belsen and 65 double rooms with all comforts. The anH c.*^"*'^^' ^^^ turned into a convinced Associations. It reads : Imperial Castle has been demolished and its f' ""'^^limst, an attitude known to his site is today the venue for big party meetings Drn? ! ^°^ comrades. His poem, in which he " An account of uncanny depth and truth of the life of Ossip Mandelstam, one of the and parades. ^'oiested against the collectivisation of the Obituary: Albert Lieven, who recently died anH °^^ and called Stalin "a peasantslayer" great poets of Russian literature and of Jewish consciousness. The most moving and at his Surrey farm at the age of 65, gave up dplt^^ "assassin", was to become his own a successful stage and fllm career and left ml warrant. His first imprisonment in uncompromising account of life made under Stalin terror, containing the essentially Germany because his wife, Tatiana, was a Buht*^^ ^^'^^ on—probably with the help of Jewess. In London he took over the part of p"°'^^"n—changed into exile. It meant utter Jewish belief that persecution and lies could not prevail against the human spirit". Prince Emest in "Victoria Regina" from ttiPnT severe illness and constant harass- Walter Rilla. Later he played "Prince Albert" wpr ^ secret police and the powers that on tour, quickly becoming a star in his own in iQ^o^^^"^ ^°^*^ ^^^^^ °^ ^™ ^°^ 3 day, and . i9d8 he was finally arrested. Two years ALL JEWS PERMITTED TO LEAVE RUSSIA? right. During the war Lieven starred in the M' *^^ "'^^ informed of his death. A Soviet diplomat told a "Jewish Chronicle" "Lisbon Story" and in numerous other films, thnr"^!" Mandelstam is an inspired writer. Al- correspondent in Washington that the Russians and also worked for the Gennan section of son li ^^^ husband's life, work and per- were going to let all Jews go who wish to, the BBC. Though he kept his domicile in except for those who might increase Israel's Britain, after the end of the war he acted out ii^ '•^^^° the central subject through- military potential and those who are in sensi­ mainly in Germany, where he again made a deta^^^'j^^^^' ^^^ succeeds in giving a clear, tive positions in the Government. Asked dp=i- ^"aiiy Ol ner ooservations of Hamburg's Schauspielhaus.—^H. Budzis- 'e made in the provinces, during her exile, lawsky, who survived the war in the States, 'en she came into contact with all sections Your House for:— has retired as the editor of East Germany's aoviet society, ordinary people, working- Weltbu.ehne; hiis successor is Peter Theek.— «ss people and professionals alike. CURTAINS, CARPETS, W. Huder and M. Reich-Ranicki are collecting &he never describes anybody or anything the correspondence of Alfred Kerr for pub­ rt^^'ieral terms, but sketches situations and FLOORCOVERINGS lication by Propylaen-Verlag in Berlin.—^In ^laracters and brings them to life by her New York, Herbert G. Luft has been appointed li"5,H^nce and her special gift of high- SPECIALITY consultant editor of the new Film Joumal.— anri °^ essential details. There is wisdom Berlin-born John P. Wynn, who now lives in o a genuine sense of humour which has CONTINENTAL DOWN Ireland, has begun a new radio series of sy°*n out of her understanding of human QUILTS "Your Verdict" for the tenth year, and is in ,, "ering. She speaks of her friends, most of his 19th year of the " Brain of Britain " series. 3"^"" members of the intelligentsia, and she ALSO RE-MAKES AND RE-COVERS —Dr. Marta Mierendorff, whose husband Peaks of their enemies who betrayed and ESTIMATES FREE perished in a concentration camp, has received t'ersecuted them. But in all her reflections a professorship from the University of , ^ is concerned to show what happens to Southern Califomia for Literature in Exile.— ^man beings under the pressure of despair DAWSON-LANE LIMITED (Established 1946) Grete Mosheim will appear in Albee's "All nd fear. This she does without ever being Over" in Munich.—Peter Goldbaum, the son ^lf"righteous or arrogant. With her intuitive 17 BRIDGE ROAD, WEMBLEY PARK of Wenzel Goldbaum, has adapted Agatha Telephone: 904 6671 Christie's "Wie in einem Spinnennetz" for the Hope Against Hop*, a memoir by Nadezhda Mandel- Personal attention of Mr. W. Shackman. Gennan stage. PEM. ^"^^ Collins/Harvill. £3-15. Page 6 AJR INFORMATION February, 1972

C. C. Aronsfeld Sergeant Simon, M.P. They had however done much to organise the meeting. A Jewish com­ mittee had written to Lord Shaftesbury won­ dering that " no Christian had come forward PROTEST TO RUSSIA to assert the principle and practice of true Christianity ". It was due to this appeal that .\ Historical Reminiscence the meeting was convened and turned out to be, in Lord Shaftesbury's words, " grand, full, hearty and enthusiastic ". It is now 90 years since the memorable affair in which they felt they had no right to If it did not produce the results that were Mansion House meeting, on February 1, 1882, interfere. They had no answer to the Tsar- expected, it does not on that account deserve when the voice of Britain was raised to pro­ ists' treacherous query whether the friends of any censure. Perhaps Jews at least had no test against the first pogroms in Russia. the Jews wished to " sow discord between the right to expect much. They are enjoined not Ninety years ago the Tsar was solemnly Russian and the British people ". to put their trust in princes, though assur­ urged to " be a Cyrus to the Jews " and to Thus the evil-doer went unpunished, edly none will remember with feelings other " enter upon the greatest and noblest ex­ perhaps emboldened, certainly with no great than abiding gratitude such proud words as ercise of power—to ' let the oppressed go respect for those who seemed to be possessed those uttered 90 years ago: " The oppressed free'". The demand was repeated eight years merely of a voice, but not the courage, of are sure of advocates wherever Englishmen later, at an equally memorable Guildhall their convictions. Precisely thus did the evil­ assemble"; nor are Jews likely to forget meeting, though the generation of Auschwitz doer prosper a generation or so later. Mac- Swinburne's Ode of those days, branding the is bound to wonder how much good precisely Donald's Government in 1933 had hardly ad­ " slaughterous hands of slaves with feet was accomplished by those protests, raised as vanced beyond Gladstone's in 1882, and redshod they were from the very pinnacle of Britain's though the noble spirits at the Queen's Hall in carnage deep as Christians ever trod ". power. meeting, in the sixth month of Hitler's rule, However, the salvation of the Jews had to To be sure, we are not the first so to realised plainly enough that intervention on come from their own efforts, not from the wonder. Even in 1890 it was "remembered behalf of the Jews would be nothing short of goodwill of their advocates. Thus, whUe a how little the great protest of 1882 has intervention in Britain's own and direct in­ powerful company, glittering in the eyes of effected ", though it was also confidently felt terest, the " realists " deemed it wiser to wait all the world, spoke at the London Mansion that as in ancient Egypt, so " in Russia the until, as one of them later admitted, " the House words which now belong, however, im- night of sorrow will, in God's good time, give Nazi crime grew to its dangerous might perishably, to past history, the future was place to the dawning of a brighter and hap­ through the wickedness of a few and the with that poor, forlorn band, the Bilu who, in pier day ". complicity, the lazy cowardice of many ". the very same year, determined to leave the Yet some there were who had a broad cruel land of their birth and, refusing to wait Mansion House Meeting 90 Years Ago vision already 90 years ago. The Earl of Shaf­ for the Gentiles, went out to regain a life tesbury, the social reformer and Christian worthy of free men in the ancient Land of The notables assembled 90 years ago Zionist, who was the principal speaker, stres­ Promise. devoutly cherished the great expectations sed the " solidarity of nations". Cardinal which escorted the respectability of Victorian Manning, in a magnificent speech, invoked progress. They had a staunch belief in the " laws larger than any Russian legislation . . . IT STARTED IN TWO VILLAGES " enlarged responsibilities and greatly in­ the laws of humanity, of nature and of God creased force of public opinion ". Public opin­ which are the foundations of all other laws ", An Essay on Swiss Jewry ion, they thought, "cannot but exert an irre­ and he boldly " refused to accept the modern The recently published collection of 19 sistible force in any civilised country", cer­ theory of non-intervention which had its essays by the Swiss historian J.-R. de Sails'* tainly the public opinion of Britain would be first expression in the question 'Am I my includes the author's lecture given under the felt " deeply and acutely" by the Tsar who brother's keeper?'" He, too, naturally did auspices of the Federation of Swiss Jewish was held to be " too wise a man to despise not call for action, being content with " res­ Communities on the centenary of the eman­ it"; at all events, it was considered " far pectful remonstrance ". cipation of Swiss Jewry in 1966. Up to the beyond his power to disregard it". Anti-Jewish Trends in Germany beginning of modern times, the essay relates, Russia was given credit for having " always the only places in Switzerland where Jewish shown herself keenly sensitive to European He was, however, the only one then to ap­ communities had their own institutions were opinion" as she had "an honourable desire preciate at once the anti-Jewish movement in two villages in the Aargau, Lengnau and to take what she believes to be her true Germany. He looked upon it, he said, " in the Oberendingen. Jews had found refuge there place among the nations of Europe ", and a first place, with abhorrence as tending to dis­ during the Thirty Years War when they fled great trust was set in her " progressive integrate the foundations of social life, and from the fighting in the Rhineland. The com­ element" because it was assumed that " the secondly, with great fear lest it may tend to munities were independent corporations, in Russian people share to a certain extent the light up an animosity which has already which the rabbi exercised jurisdiction accord­ feelings and ideas of the nations of the rest taken fire in Russia and may spread else­ ing to the Talmud, and acted as notary in of Europe ". where ". However, eight years later, " signs " executing all deeds and contracts between When eight years later the " moral were seen that " the Germans, led by their Jews. weapons" designed to " put an end to the sagacious young Emperor, are recovering Only gradually, from the beginning of the horrible atrocities " were found to have been from the fit of Judenhetze ". 19th century onwards, were Jews also admit­ unavailing, the Victorian protesters sought British Jews took no conspicuous part in ted to other parts of Switzerland. Their refuge in the reflection that most likely the the proceedings, though two spoke at the emancipation, advocated by Swiss thinkers Tsar " knows nothing " of what was going on, Mansion House, expressing Jewish gratitude: under the influence of the ideas of the after all he positively shone by his " personal Sir Nathaniel de Rothschild, M.P., and Mr. French Revolution, was implemented in in­ and domestic virtues "; he was " a good hus­ stalments, and it was as late as January 14, band and tender father", said the Lord 1866 that the people and cantons voted on Mayor of London, " and I cannot but think the right of free settlement for the Jews and that such a man must necessarily be kindly their equality before the law and in the disposed to all his subjects "... Elka Couture courts. Side by side with such commendable feel­ The collection also includes a number of ing went a determination to take great care other interesting essays on Swiss history, in avoiding any kind of diplomatic action. E. HORNIK LTD. politics and literature. W.R. Those who met at the Mansion House, and later at the Guildhall, regarded the per­ * Switzerland and Europa, by J.-R. de Salis: translated secution of the Jews as an intemal Russian by Alexander and Elizabeth Henderson. 349 pp. Oswald Elsely House Wolff, London, 1971. E2-75.

24/30 Gt. Titchfield Street BECHSTEIN STEINWAY BLUTHNER BELSIZE SQUARE SYNAGOGUE Finest selection reconditioned PIANOS SI Belslie Sauare. London. N.W.S London, W.l Always Interested in purchasing SYNAGOGUE SERVICES well-preserved instruments. are held regularly on the Eve of Sabbath Telephone: 01-580 3448/9/0 JAQUES SAMUEL PIANOS LTD. and Festivals at 6.30 p.m. and on the day 142 Edgware Road, W.2 at 11 a.m. Tel.: 723 8818/9. ALL ARE CORDIALLY INVITED AJR INFORMA'nON February, 1972 Page 7 too many refugees had already settled in the City of London, the Queen stipulated that TWO RECENT PUBLICATIONS some should take residence in Sandwich, es­ pecially for the manufacture of "rags, bayze A NOTEBOOK ON MAX LIEBERMANN thusiasm with which the students read them. and other cloth which hath not been used to I personally saw Lassalle once in Berlin; he be made in this realme of England". A cen­ "It won't do a young fellow like you any was radiantly beautiful, like a young god and tury later, Huguenot refugees arrived from good to run risks for an old Jew ". This is so popular that everyone recognised him in France. The book also carries many details what Max Liebermann told his friend, the the street". All this happened in Lieber­ about the political and economic history of author Paul Eipper, when the latter intended mann's early youth; he was only 17 years old the town. to pay the old gentleman a birthday visit in when Lassalle died. A special chapter is dedicated to Rich­ the summer of 1934. Sauerbruch, his neigh­ Liebermann liked to reminisce. He once borough Camp, describing the camp bour in Wannsee—so Liebermann infomied told Eipper that he was vain only in his early residents' living conditions, their educational Eipper—had already returned the key of the years and " today I am pleased that people activities and also their drama and concert little door connecting their two gardens have become reasonable and consider my pic­ performances by which they became popular which the surgeon had owned for many tures to be good. After all, I was vulnerable in the region. A photo of the plaque in years. on three points: firstly, I was a Jew, secondly memory of the Camp, which was unveiled This is one of the episodes contained in 1 was rich and thirdly I had talent; one of last summer, is included in the illustrations. Paul Eipper's " Ateliergespraeche mit Lieber- them would have sufficed ". The book makes most enjoyable reading mann und Corinth" which Veronika Eipper Paul Eipper was born in Stuttgart in 1891 and will revive many memories for those (Munich) lovingly selected and edited and and died in Munich in the early 'sixties; he who spent the first period after their arrival Which the Munich Publishing House of Piper became known for his animal books and in his country in Richborough. &: Co. brought out in 1971. documentary films. He knew Liebermann W. ROSENSTOCK .With his Berlin wit and quick repartee very well, partly through having for a while Liebermann conversed on events of the art held a leading position in the S. Fischer Pub­ scene, on subjects and people he painted, on lishing House. Had he not observed Lieber­ Letter to the Editor hooks which he was just reading and on mann very well and memorised and noted fellow painters such as Carl Steffeck, Menzel down many conversations with him, the new IMMIGRATION ACT ^nd Schadow. He also liked to talk, some­ book which pictures Liebermann and also times with astonishing frankness, about Lovis Corinth largely in their private Sir,—Just one correction to tfie othe^ivise Public figures whom he met; for it was by no spheres, would not have come into being; and excellent article on the 1971 Immigration Act, •'leans rare for a man of his artistic stature for this special thanks are due to Veronika published in your December, 1971, issue. The and prestige to be invited to parties attended Eipper who carefully and faithfully adminis­ Members of Parliament who opposed the hy politicians, etc. Eipper quotes remarks ters Paul's literary estate. Kenyan Asians Bill included some Conserva­ ^ade by Liebermann about Reich Chancellor E. G. LOWENTHAL tives led by the late Ian Macleod. ^r- Hans Luther, General Seeckt, Ebert and Yours, etc. Hindenburg, and about Lord d'Abernon, the PETER PRAGER. "ritish Ambassador to Berlin. Frau Ebert FROM RUTUPIAE TO RICHBOROUGH 100 Bawdsey Avenue, once told Liebermann that "whenever her Newbury Park, Ilford. husband returned from his official duties to Helen Bentwich's History of Sandwich the private apartm.ents of the palaceT he was In the history of the refugees from Nazi DEATH OF DR. HENRY MINDEN "Oiling with rage and agitation. He took oppression, the beautiful small town of Sand­ everything very much to heart, had a very wich has a special place of honour. The Dr. Henry Minden (formerly Hamburg) died hot temper and was terribly upset by the fact nearby Richborough Camp gave shelter to on December 7 at the age of 82. He was a that he was being attacked from all sides ". founder-member and, for some time. President 5,000 men, most of whom had endured the of the Leo Baeck Lodge. A lawyer by profes­ Liebermann succumbed only once in his cruelties of the German concentration camps sion, he helped many of his fellow-refugees f}fe to a "political bewitchment" as he called after the November 1938 Pogroms. The in the settlement of their restitution and com­ •t—in the case of Ferdinand Lassalle. Eipper recently published " History of Sandwich " by pensation claims. In this work his legal pro­ luoted Liebermann in this connection: " It Helen Bentwich* is, therefore, bound to be ficiency was matched by a deep human *as quite incredible. When Lassalle made of personal interest to many of our readers. interest in the well-being of his clients. Dr. his famous speeches I was still at the The book is fittingly dedicated to the Minden was a member of the AJR almost since Gymnasium' and I remember clearly the en- memory of the authoress's late husband, Pro­ its inception. He will be gratefully remem­ fessor Norman Bentwich, whose name is in­ bered by all who knew him separably linked with the saga of Rich­ borough Camp. Many camp residents enjoyed Mr. and Mrs. Bentwich's hospitality in their house at Upper Strand Street, and Mrs. Bent­ DUNBEE-COMBEX-MARX wich's recent 80th birthday serves as a happy HOUSE OF HALLGARTEN opportunity of expressing to her our thanks /-vWWff.< LTO. for her own share in the work for the refugees. The fort of Richborough (Rutupiae), the Specialist ^^||2«^9M, ^ Shippers book relates, was erected by the Romans; at the foot of the fortress was the town of Stonar, which was destroyed by a great fiood in the year 1365. The name of Sandwich is Fine Wines Unique Liqueurs mentioned for the first time in the year 664 CE; the town was probably founded between // you en/oy wines Dunbee House that date and the departure of the Romans in the middle of the fifth century. At the time mite for our latest free list 117 Great Portland Street, of the Norman Conquest Sandwich was the most important port of England, but this which is full of fascinating glory is a matter of the past, and the town is information, maps, vintage reports London, W.l now some two miles from the sea. The book vividly describes the highlights and charts, descriptions, wines and setbacks of the town's history. For us, for laying down Tel. 01-580 3264/0878 (P.B.X.) the long standing role of Sandwich as a refuge for persecutees is, of course, of par­ ticular interest. It started in the middle of Grams: FLEXATEX LONDON, the 16th century when, after the Spanish conquests of the Netherlands, Protestants in HOUSE OF HALLGARTEN TELEX. that country asked Elizabeth I for admission to England. Permission was granted, but as 1, Crutched Friars, London, E.C.S INT. TELEX 2-3540 * Helen C. Bentwich: History oi Sandwich. 168 pp. 28 illustrations. T. F. Pain & Sons Ltd., 13 Queen Choose Hallgarten—Choose Fine Wines Street, Deal, Kent. £1.50. Page 8 AJR INFORMATION February, 1972

Ernest Hearst the First World War endeared Mann to the more chauvinist section of conservative opinion. The ultra reactionary Neue Preus­ sische (Kreuz) Zeitung warmly praised "this THE CONTEMPORARY RESPONSE TO sincere work which powerfully tilts at the world of politics and democracy; at the dis­ THOMAS MANN honest, confused and mendacious notions of liberty and equality; at anarchy, rioting and A Minor Cultural History of Twentieth-Century Germany all the doctrines preaching or condoning the violent overthrow of the established order". Paying homage to Thomas Mann on his pletely Germanic, respectively Nordic. There While the Kreuz Zeiiung's interpretations of fiftieth birthday fellow-writers called him is about him nothing Frenchified, the bane Mann's soul-searching are perfectly legitimate, "Praeceptor Germaniae" and "the enormous of our writing. Much in contrast to his Egon Friedell, an infinitely more perceptive (or monstrous?) mirror of her innermost gifted brother Heinrich, who has succumbed critic—at the time Mann might have described being" (seines Wesens ungeheuerer Spiegel). to the Romanic influence". When Schaukal him as "a smart Jew-boy" (ein scharfer Juden­ And, indeed, there is hardly a contemporary proceeds to praise the hero of Mann's novella junge)—was able to show that the nationalism author who, in the unfolding of his mind and Tristan as a rassereiner artist, one may well of the Betrachtungen "bore not the slightest personality, reflected so precisely and often wonder whether the ominous epithet fore­ resemblance to the simple-minded, fiat-footed prophetically the intellectual tension affecting shadows later German obsessions. and acquisitively self-righteous All-German and all too frequently afflicting the nation of Any doubts on this score are soon dispelled, chauvinism". Mann's arguments, he main­ which he always felt himself to be a truly for antisemitism was in the Germany before tained, "could be turned into their exact representative citizen. The complexities of his the First World War far too powerful and opposite without depriving them of their bril­ development, in turn, delighted and outraged meddlesome a force to leave literary criticism liance, perspicacity and, on a higher level, of a readership which embrace, although never to the literate. One, Otto Schmidt-Gibichen- their essential truthfulness". simultaneously, almost the entire gammut of fels, attacked Mann in the Deutsche Tages­ Mann performed this reversal feat himself, political opinion from the arch-conservatives zeitung (1909) as an "exponent of Jewish when, in 1922, he publicly supported the Ger­ at the beginning of the century to the Com­ racial policies". The author of the Budden­ man Republic. The outcry of the disappointed munist Party bosses in Ulbricht's GDR fifty brooks, who owes his fame to "the Jews and jingoists was as characteristic of the mental years later. Ironically—and inevitably irony their lackeys", was apparently bent on cor­ climate of the Weimar years as the measured would claim a place in his life—^Thomas rupting his German readers by allowing the rebuke of the nationalist intelligentsia to Mann was not primarily a committed writer, scion of the patrician and slightly decadent whom "conservatives and democrats" remained far less so than his brother, Heinrich, and yet Buddenbrooks to marry into a Jewish family. exponents of irreconcilably opposed ideolo­ it was his work and person which inspired A similar horror was perpetrated by the Royal gies. Not to be forgotten in that chorus of often passionate controversies about ultimate Highness in Mann's Konigliche Hoheit, when self-appointed keepers of the German grail is meanings in artistic, human and national he tried to revitalise the fading fortune and the strident voice of its nationalist youth. contexts. lineage of his house by marrying a robustly "Thomas Mann, do you know the German This great debate about the worth and value healthy American heiress of legendary youth?" asked the forty-year-old Otto Werner of his contribution to German letters spanning wealth. Such miscegenation is to the wrath­ of Das Gewissen. " The German youth has the more than sixty years is fascinatingly re­ ful Schmidt-Gibichenfels tantamount to World War behind it and in front of it the captured in Klaus Schroter's Thomas Mann im treason. However, he takes heart from the Treaty of Versailles. It is the task and destiny Urteil seiner Zeit, Dokumente 1891 bis 1955 thought that "our people shall prevail against of this youth to keep the memory of these (Christian Wegner Verlag, Hamburg, DM30). the deceits and falsehoods spread by the Jews heroic traditions alive and in this battle- Culled mostly from newspapers and periodi­ and their hirelings as long as true German tested spirit of self-preservation to regain for cals these 164 carefully annotated documents (echte deutsche) peasants till the field, a our people the freedom it has lost. Whether afford an incomparable insight into the work­ true German prince occupies the throne, the Republic will survive or not depends en­ ings of the German mind in perhaps the most guarded sword in hand by true German liege­ tirely on whether the needs of the (Jerman turbulent years of its history. men". youth are understood and acted upon". Mann's imagination—for all its philosophi­ Not that the early Thomas Mann in his own IVEann's increasingly outspoken liberalism cal expansiveness—was always kindled by the reticent and ambiguous way did not contri­ began to alienate even the more moderate contemporary and topical, and this, together bute by his marked conservatism and extrava­ Conservatives. The short novel, Mario und der with the surly resentment with which people gantly divisive formulations to the national Zauberer, in which Mann relates in the first and places recognised fheir irreverently drawn preoccupation with Germany's mission and person singular, how during an evening's en­ likeness in his work, accounts perhaps for the destiny. In September, 1914, the recklessness tertainment a powerful but particularly un­ controversies it aroused, even where plot and of his Thoughts About the War shocked pleasant hypnotist meets death at the hands setting would seem to a later generation singu­ many friends. "The German soul", Mann of one of his unwilling and shamefully larly uncontentious. When Otto Anthes, a then proclaimed, "is too profound to regard ridiculed victims, seemed to Stefan Grossmann schoolmaster with literary aspirations, took up civilisation as a lofty, if not the loftiest, ideal. of Das Tagebuch (1930) a revealing allegory an appointment in Liibeck soon after the pub­ It regards the corruption and slovenliness of Mussolini's Italy. Dr. Korrodi, the influen­ lication of the Buddenbrooks, he found the inherent in the process of embourgeoisiment tial literary editor of the Neue Ziircher town in uproar. The book, he recalls, "was as a ridiculous abomination. And it feels the Zeitung, was vaguely displeased with "this regarded by some as the low revenge of a same deep-seated and instinctive dislike for rather personal account . . . the Manns like disgruntled man, by others as the acme of the pacifist ideals of civilisation; for is not to publicise their family" and wondered "what cynical insolence and by all as the thoroughly peace the very element of that civic corrup­ does it all add up to?" Such refusal to tumble obnoxious piece of work by which a wayward tion which it regards as aljsurd and contempt­ to the obvious again lends a dimension of son tried to discredit his home-'town." Not ible?" There were not many Germans who, irony to the fact that it was Dr. Korrodi, who even the passage of time could soothe the like Wilhelm Herzog, the editor of Das Forum, six years later by his intemperate attack on sulks of affronted vanity. When, more than warned readers "against a once highly Jewish emigre writers, provoked the hitherto fifty years later and a few weeks before his esteemed writer and his misconceptions con­ silent Thomas Mann to denounce the Hitler death, Liibeck at a festive reception bestowed cerning the German soul". regime publicly and unequivocally. Why he honorary citizenship on her "greatest son", The Betrachtungen eines Unpolitischen, should have remained silent for so long, even friends hopefully trusted that the octogenarian variations on the above themes, composed though he had never retumed to Germany Mann "would not notice all those who had during, and published towards the end of after Hitler's accession to power, remains a failed to attend the function". mystery. Whether his hesitations were due to misconceptions, about his influence among The scope and brilliance of his early novels _ Briefmarken I_g his readers, or a sense of loyalty to Bermann- which earned Mann immediate recognition Fischer who continued to publish his work in also made him something of a political figure, • Ankauf Verkauf S Nazi Germany, or to both these considerations if only because a national reputation in the g Ankauf zu hohen Preisen g as well as to some personal ones, cannot now climate of Wilhelmenian Germany meant a ^= Europa und Uebersee—Sammlungen, Einzelstuecke, == be ascertained. These silences, however, made constant and watchful assessment of the == Paare, Screifen, Blocks, Saetze. Einzelmarken, lose = him even more of a controversial figure both national component in his work. In a "literary ^^E und auf Brief, und Altbriefe rait und ohne Marken. inside and outside Germany. The emigre psychological portrait" of 1903, Richard == Visit UJ In the Edgware Rood, If you can and hove ^= Marxist Neue deutsche Blatter criticised his Schaukal, a now forgotten writer, praised him ^s jrour stampi valued free while you wait or . • • ^= g Send, Write or Co//.— g The Tales of Jaacob for paying insufficient at­ "as perhaps the most distinguished contem­ tention "to the part work played in the porary writer of German prose. His man­ m MET. STAMPS Ltd., Tel. 723 3893 Continued on page Q nerism—and what writer is without it—is com­ ||||||||327 EDGWARE RD., LONDON, W.2|||| AJR INFORMATION Febraary, 1972 Page 9

Weimar, he tried to disregard the political and Tfie Contemporary Response to ideological divisions separating the two Ger­ manics. "I do not know zones of occupation, I Tliomas Mann have come to visit Germany as a whole", he said hopefully. Wolfgang Harich in welcoming 'humanisation' of the Ape" and to the "im­ Nazi Germany recognised no affinities. To the famous author to Weimar reciprocated pact of productive forces on the supply of Professor Krieck (1937) he was "the repre­ these feelings. "Just as the bestowal of Frank­ food". sentative of falsehood and decadence ". It was furt's Goethe Prize greatly pleased and heart­ In Hitler's Germany, on the other hand, as well that " Thomas Mann was being de- ened all progressives in East Germany, so the Peter Suhrkamp, the anti-Nazi manager of junked from Germany (aus Deutschland freedom of Weimar and the Goethe Prize of the S. Fischer publishing house, was still able entriimpelt wurde), because he never was a East Germany is being offered also in the to collect for Mann's 60th birthday (1935) a German, because he never was young . . . name of all progressive people in West Ger­ folder of congratulatory messages from close because he was already born senile." This, many". But was it? Profesor Kogon, Buchen­ inends and prominent admirers, according to incidentally, was the last time he was pub­ wald victim and author of The SS State, an entry into E. Ebermayer's diary. At the licly abused by the Nazis. On Dr Goebbels' reminded Mann of the 12,000 inmates of the ?anie time, strange to relate, the poet R. Bind- orders his name, so as to erase it from his same camp, now under Communist man­ yig. in his capacity of vice-president of the country's memory, was not to be mentioned agement, and so did Paul Olberg, a social- lierman Academy of Writers, asked the Minis- any more. democrat refugee and journalist: "To the t®'" of the Interior, whether he would Thomas Mann, now the accepted leader of martyrs of freedom and human rights your authorise the Academy of Writers to pay Germany's exiled intelligentsia, resolutely re­ acceptance of honours and tributes from the official tribute to the sexagenarian Mann, fused, despite the blandishments of politically hands of their tormentors must have come as Wnen existing misunderstandings and differ­ committed fellow emigres, to become involved a shocking moral slap in the face". ences were resolved". in any plans concerning the future of post­ So, almost to the last days of his life, Thomas After the novelist had denounced Nazism war Germany. This attitude of withdrawal was Mann was involved in his country's dissensions and was duly deprived of his citizenship even more difficult to maintain when the and contradictions. He had tried to transmute (December, 1936), he became one of the devastated and truncated Germany asked for and resolve them in his creative work; but Ger­ '"egime's most implacable enemies and so to his return. There was Walter von Molo's many, like Hans Castorp of the Magic Moun­ !Peak the "elder statesman" of the other famous appeal: " Your people now suffering tain, remained "life's problem child" and this J'ermany. Even so relations with the radical and starving . . . has in its innermost soul was perhaps another reason why he loved her '-•eft remained cool. Kurella, reviewing his nothing to do with the outrages and crimes, so deeply and suffered so much for and under ^.ork in the Moscow Das Wort (1937) regards the lies and shameful abominations. . . . Come her. ^s " one-sided and narrow image of the new soon, like the physician who does not only see humanism, based almost exclusively on psycho­ the results, but also looks for the cause and analytical findings, as bewildering and re­ tries to cure it". Mann's protestations that it CENTENARIAN AT OTTO HIRSCH HOUSE mote ". The novelist remains " a true repre- would be illogical, unfair and unreasonable sensative of the bourgeois intellectual in the to insist on his return drew snide aspersions On January 1 a party was held at Otto Hirsch Second half of the nineteenth century", cut from Frank Thiess, the intrepid pioneer of House to celebrate the 100th birthday of Mrs. °«_ from " the new generation which values the " intemal emigration", which bravely Luiza Neumann, a resident of the Home. Mrs. luite different traditions. . . . Nevertheless, stayed home although lacking the "secure Neumann, who lived in Budapest until she wherever the writer mentions the conclusions positions " abroad available to refugees. came to this country in 1966, is in good health. Cordial congratulations on behalf of the House ne has reached, we recognise the affinities When in 1949 Mann did visit Germany to Committee and her fellow-residents were con­ and wholeheartedly agree . . .". receive the Goethe Prizes of Frankfurt and veyed to her by Dr. Laura Stein.

CLUB 1943 MONDAY, FEBRUARY 7, at 8 p.m. AJR MEALS-ON-WHEELS at Hannah Karminski House, SERVICE 9 Adamson Road, N.W.3. Dr. Werner Rosenstock: Drivers with cars still needed on EIN REDAKTEUR ERLEBT DIE the reserve list and for emer­ WEIMARER REPUBLIK gency deliveries at short notice, Ernst Feders Tagebuecher 1926-1932 N., N.W. and W. areas. Only light weights, no messy containers. Mileage allowance If wanted.

AJR EMPLOYMENT AGENCY AND Please phone Mrs. S. Panke, AJR, SOCIAL SERVICES DEPARTMENT 01-624 9096/7. FOR DELIVERY OF EMERGENCY ffas on its register: MEALS PHONE 01-722 6168 Part-time office and shop between 10.00 and 10.30 a.m. personnel; Home helps for the aged and infirm (part-time); Alteration and mending workers (In your, or their, homes). ADVERTISEMENT RATES EDITORIAL COLUMNS Requires: (} width oi page) £2 per Inch, single column. Furnished and unfurnished accommodation (at reason­ ADVERTISEMENT COLUMNS able reritals); (i width of page) £1.50 per Inch, single column. Welcomes all callers seeking employment. A discount of 20% Is granted for orders of six or more Insertions. AJR EMPLOYMENT AGENCY AND SOCIAL SERVICES DEPARTMENT Orders should be received by the 10th of the preceding month. Room No. 2,8 Fairfax Mansions, Lonilon, NW3 6JY, "AJR Information," 8 Fairfax Mansions, London, N.W.S The little X Hideaways. New P^tees and Bras from Silhouetti Teiephone: 01-624 4449. 'Phone: 01-624 9096/7 Page 10 AJR INFORMATION February, 1972

initially accommodation for sixteen residents. In 1951 Rae Barash left Manchester for the Birtliday Tributes Midlands, on the appointment of her late husband. Dr. Michael Barash, an eminent gas MRS. RAE BARASH, 70 tions for immigration permits she organised chemist, to a very senior position at the hostels for trainee boys and girls and homes East Midlands Gas Board. On January 1, Rae Barash celebrated her for people with special problems. Rae Barash's warmhearted devotion to the 70th birthday with her family at a party given After the outbreak of war she rendered cause of refugees has been unlimited, matched by many of the refugees whom she has helped invaluable assistance to many refugees as the only by her great energy, quick reaction to to settle in Britain. official liaison officer to the Aliens Tribunal. emergencies and a wonderfully persuasive There is no refugee in Manchester and the When, in 1940, about 200 war refugee chil­ talent for inspiring activity and generosity North-West of England who, at some time or dren arrived in Liverpool she opened, within in others. other, has not sought Rae Barash's assistance a week, two children's hostels in Withington and advice. All of us are forever grateful and—invited by the B.B.C.—made a broad­ F.H.K. to her for all she has done for the cause of cast in order to let relatives know about the PROF. DR. FRITZ BAMBERGER, 70 refugees from Central Europe. children's safe arrival and their whereabouts. She became interested in German Jewish She was also instrumental in the formation Dr. Fritz Bamberger, Professor at the refugees as far back as 1933, when a Hospi­ of the Industrialists' Advisory Committee to Hebrew Union College (Cincinnati/New tality Committee was formed in Manchester help in finding suitable work for refugees York), recently celebrated his 70th birthday. to befriend a rather small number of refugees, who were difficult to place in routine employ­ Before he went to the U.S.A. in 1938, Dr. most of them doctors, who were then arriving ment. Bamberger held responsible positions as a in the city. She gave English lessons and from When, in 1945, the first survivors from con­ Jewish educationist in Berlin, where he was then on buUt up the Manchester Jewish Refu­ centration camps, mostly children and young lecturer of philosophy at the Hochschule fuer gees Committee, working from her own home people, arrived in this country, Rae Barash die Wissenschaft des Judentums, Director of until she got a small office in 1937. When was again quick to organise new hostels, medi­ the Juedische Lehrerbildungsanstalt, and the influx of refugees increased, proper cal services, schooling and training for re­ Pedagogical Head of the school administra­ premises for the Committee were obtained . adjustment to normal life. tion of the Berlin Jewish community. In New the late Morris Feinmann became its Chair­ In 1947 Rae Barash invited five Manchester York, Dr. Bamberger was one of the co- man, and Rae Barash the Honorary Secretary. refugees to discuss the idea of providing a founders of the Leo Baeck Institute and has When Morris Feinmann took up refugee work home for elderly refugees. This idea was been one of the Institute's Vice-Presidents for overseas, towards the end of the war, she quickly taken up and led to the formation many years. His friends and former fellow- was appointed Chairman. of the Morris Feinmann Home, which was workers in this country extend their heartiest Apart from dealing with all the applica­ opened in Amherst Road in 1948, providing congratulations to Dr. Bamberger.

FAMILY EVENTS Deaths Miscellaneous AN INTELLIGENT CULTURED LADY IS SOUGHT as companion Entries in the column Family Konig.—Mrs. Bertha Konig passed SMALL ORIENTAL RUGS ex­ to 75-year-old gentleman recently Events are free of charge. Texts away peacefully at Heinrich Stahl pertly repaired. 01-435 9806. widowed. Must be stimulating, edu­ should be sent in by the 18th of House on January 6, in her 92nd TREATMENT FOR RHEUMATIC cated and able to organise a house­ year. Deeply moumed and sadly PAIN, poor circulation, etc. Keep hold and to entertain. Love of the month. missed by all her friends. fit by regular body massage and classical music and ability to drive exercise. Also facials, skin care, a car would be an advantage. Cen­ Engagement Mayer.—Mrs. Trude Mayer (n6e spot reducing, etc., by qualified tral London. Full details to Box 264. Willstaetter), of 81 Brunswick beautician. For appointment Reed—Gilbert.—The engagement is Road, Ealing, London, W.5 (for­ phone evenings, JVIrs. Edith announced between David Henry, merly Karlsruhe), passed away on Friedmann, 3 Hurstwood Road, HANDSOME YOUNG MAN in his only son of Louis Richard and Lici December 11, 1971, in her 78th Henlys Corner, Golders Green, SOs. Excellent position, wishes to Reed, of 97 Cairnfield Avenue, year, after an active and devoted London, N.W.ll. 01-455 6606. meet attractive young lady good London, N.W.2, and Ruth, younger life. A beloved mother, grand­ family background. Object matri­ daughter of Gertie and Len GUbert, mother and aunt. mony. Box 266. of 131 Holmleigh Road, London, EXCLUSIVE FUR REPAIRS N.16. Seligsohn.—On December 29, 1971, AND RESTYLING. All kinds of Fanny, widow of Dr. Franz Selig­ fur work undertaken by first-class MISSING PERSONS Ruby Wedding sohn, passed away peacefully after renovator and stylist, many years' a short illness. Deeply mourned experience and best references. Personal Enquiries Ney.—Mr. Otto and Mrs. Claire by her children, grandchildren and Phone 01-452 5867, after 5 p.m. for appointments. Mrs. F. Philipp, Klein.—Ettel and son, Joseph from Ney (formerly Stuttgart), of 63 great-grandchildren. Vienna, in 1943 Hollin House, Cole Valley Road, Birmingham, 28, 44 Ellesmere Road, Dollis Hill, London, N.W.IO. Tufnell Park Road, N.7, and 15 Bed­ celebrated the 40th anniversary of CLASSIFIED ford Road, N.S. Please contact Rosa their marriage on January 22. They Schlesinger, 6 Surbiton Hall Close, are actively associated with the The charge in these columns is VIOLINIST, 'CELUST, pianist or Kingston, Surrey. Birmingham B'nai B'rith Lodge flautist of good standard wanted to 15p for five words. play classical music with pianist, and have been interested members Fisher.—Inge Fisher (n6e Pick), of the AJR for many years. N.W.9 area, on occasional Wednes­ Situations Vacant day, Thursday or Sunday evenings. pupil of the Hansa Schule in Ham­ Tel.: 01-205 7690. burg, born between 1921 and 1923, Golden Wedding Women lives in Glasgow, sought by her former teacher in Hamburg. Box Eisner.—Ludwig and Hertha (n6e CONSULTANTS ON INTER­ Buckwitz) Eisner, of 423 Wilbram Personal 265. Road, Chorlton-c-Hardy, Manches­ NATIONAL LAW require secre­ ter, M21 lUT, formerly of Berlin, tary. Knowledge of German and Beuthen O/S.—Enquirer, now re­ English, experience in solicitor's INDEPENDENT LADY, middle tired, attended schools in Beuthen celebrated their Golden Wedding fifties with nice home, wants to anniversary on January 16. office or in German Compensation from 1906-1914 and would like to and LAG necessary. Guaranteed meet gentleman up to 65 years contact former schoolmates and employment for several years. for companionship/marriage. Box friends. Box 263. Deaths Reply to Box 259. 260. Feist,—Mrs. G. B. Feist, 17 Parsi­ PROFESSIONAL LADY, attractive Chusit.—Mr. Jakob Chusit, for­ fal Road, London, N.W.6 (formerly Situations Wanted widow, 50-ish, own home, wishes merly of Parkstrasse, Hannover, Offenbach/Main), died on Decem­ approximately 70 years of age, Women to meet gentleman for companion­ ber 22, 1971, after a long illness. ship. Box 261. whose father had a "Verleihge- schaeft" in Hanover. Readers who PART-TIME HOME HELPS avail­ Hyman.—Mrs. Hertha Hyman, of are able to give any information able for shopping, cooking and WIDOW, young 60, good looking, regarding Mr. Jakob Chusit should 17 New College Court, London, own flat, independent, wishes to N.W.3 (formerly Heimann, of Ber­ companionship. Also: Part-time please write to: Mr. Michael lin), passed away on December 13, clerical and secretarial staff and meet educated gentleman. Object Kaminski, 581 Witten, Husemann­ 1971, after a very long illness. She bookkeepers. Please contact AJR companionship. Widower preferred. str. 48a, W. Germany. will always be remembered by her Employment Agency: 01-624 4449. Box 262. sister, relatives and friends. ACTIVE OR SLEEPING CHANGE OF ADDRESS Beautiful Oriental Kaatz.—Mr. Manfred Walter Kaatz, PARTNER CARPETS AND RUGS of 69 Delaware Mansions, Dela­ In order to ensure that you receive Lovely colours. Highest quality. Ali ware Road, London, W.9 (formerly required for your copy of "AJR Information" hand-knotted. Favourable prices. Landsberg a.d. Warthe), died sud­ London Dress Manufacturing regularly, please Inform us Imme­ L. H. FRANKLIN denly on December 9, 1971. Deeply Company. 29 Barn Way, Wembley Park, mourned by his wife, Hertha, rela­ Box 67. diately of any change of address. MIddx. Tel.: 01-904 6532. tions and friends. Page 11 AJR INFORMATION Febmary, 1972 days is also reflected in the programmes of their public performances on special oc­ AGAINST CHAUVINISM IN ISRAEL'S SCHOOLS casions which comprised group songs, Sprechchoere (one of them " Licht und The other day, a rather chauvinistic trend Babylon. Mr. Ben Chorin reminds us of the Volk" by Dr. Max Gruenewald) and recitals in Israel's educational institutions led to an " Vulgata " which Hieronymus translated in of poems, e.g., by Karl Wolfskehl and Man­ incident which exploded in a heated public Bethlehem and of the theological and literary fred Sturmann. discussion and was only liquidated thanks to works which were written in the Greek When the deportations started, the the watchfulness of the press. monasteries of the country, not to speak of question arose whether young chalutzim Each year at this time of the season, tens the creations of Arab architecture, such as should obey the summonses or go under­ of thousands of Israeli school children, aged the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem, and of ground. The official line of the organisation between 13 and 14, have to pass a written the castles of the crusaders the ruins of was that they should share the fate of the test if, after having finished elementary which even today testify to their former community and help in alleviating the classes, they want to enter high schools. The glory. sufferings of the old and weak. Some, how­ questions of the test are being prepared Of no less concern appears to Mr. Ben ever, felt it was their paramount duty to sur­ uniformly for the whole country by the Mini­ Chorin the distortion of post-Biblical history. vive and thus to be ready for joining the stry of Education. After Yavneh, Tiberias and Safed there were, work in Palestine as soon as circumstances in his words, long periods when the Jewish This time, one of the questions read: "The would again make aliya possible. Jitzchak " elite" in the Holy Land consisted of Schwersenz was one of those who took the Jewish settlement in the country has never " Shnorrers "—till the advent of the Bilu and been interrupted. . . . The Jews living here latter course. Together with a few other of political Zionism; the centres of Jewish chalutzim he went underground but, not considered themselves as the representatives creativity had moved to the Diaspora. " Have and the elite of the Jewish people. . . . Many withstanding the tremendous difficulties, their Israeli pupils to remain ignorant of all this ? group. Chug Haluzi, carried on its activities. of them were scholars and rabbis, creative Have they to believe in a blue-white ideal, at Personalities who published books and other Early in 1944, Schwersenz managed to escape the expense of the Jews in the Golah and of to Switzerland and, like the other survivors Works. In contrast to them, the Moslem and the non-Jews in their country? " Christian inhabitants of the Holy Land have of the group, he now lives in Israel. Oot been creative and have not produced The alert reaction on the part of the Israeli The author gives a vivid description of the achievements of significance, although they public and the quick intervention of the hazards he had to experience like everybody always have stressed the holiness of the Minister of Education have nullified at least who had gone underground. Accommodation country. What is an elite? " this attempt at " rewriting " history. had to be changed constantly, and there was This formulation let loose a storm of pro­ HERBERT FREEDEN the question of food and, last but not least, tests in the Israeli press, with numerous of forged papers. All this could only be or­ letters to the editors, culminating in a ganised with the help of families who were searching and pungent article in the Tel JEWISH YOUTH UNDERGROUND less endangered, because they included non- Aviv daily " Ha'aretz" where the Hebrew Jewish marriage partners or were of half- Writer Ehud Ben Ezer castigated the official A German Zionist Group in Nazi Berlin Jewish origin. Yet Schwersenz also mentions text as " racist, incorrect and full of preju­ a number of non-Jews, who had made it their dices ". In view of this outburst, the Director- The 45th Bulletin of the Leo Baeck In­ task to assist the persecuted Jews at great general of the Ministry of Education, Mr. stitute (Bitaon Publishing House, Tel Aviv) risk to themselves. Among them were *^had Peled, promised an immediate consists of an abridged version of the recol­ Studienraetin Dr. Elisabeth Abegg and Berta clarification of the matter. However, this did lections of a former Berlin Youth Aliya Gerhardt, who had resigned as Director of a ^ot satisfy the man at the helm. Minister of leader, Jitzchak Schwersenz, who, together Berlin Girls' High School as a protest against Education Yigal Alon. He was not prepared with a number of other young chalutzim, Nazism. The escape across the frontier was to wait for the result of the investigation and went underground when the deportations made possible by the connections of a Roman cancelled the text forthwith—i.e. he declared started in Germany; the co-author is Edith Catholic widow, a Mrs. Meyer in Grunewald; the question — and by then the Wolff. The original Hebrew publication was her two sons had fallen as officers on the answers—invalid and had them struck from translated and edited by Heinz Gerling. The Eastern front. Frau Meyer was tortured by the test papers. monograph is prefaced by an historical in­ the idea that they might have been involved troduction written by the late Saul Esh, in the murder of the Jews, and for their sal­ Dr. Arieh Levy, chairman of the committee which outlines the development of the vation she devoted herself to the dangerous Which had compiled the questions, tried to various Jewish youth organisations after the organisation of escape routes for Jews. Vindicate the controversial formulation. He Nazis had come to power. Throughout the underground life in Ger­ explained that this question had not been put The narrative itself is subdivided under many the group members met every day with to the Arab pupils but only to Jewish children three headings: " Hechaluz and Youth Organ­ rigid regularity, allocating each day of the and he disclaimed its slant being " racist and isations ", " Youth Aliyah School " and " Chug week to special subjects or functions chauvinistic ", as it reflected only true facts. Haluzi". It records the difficulties under (Hebrew, Jewish history, literature, etc.). Sab­ Though there were and are Arab poets in the which the Youth Aliyah School carried on as bath and the Jewish festivals were observed Land of Israel, he said their works could not long as 1941, first in the building of the in the traditional ceremonies and prayers. Compare with the Bible and the Talmud. Jewish Community, Oranienburger Str., later The gatherings took place in the open air or, As Mr. Levy mentions the Bible—^what in the Jewish School, Choriner Str. and, after especially in winter, in the flats of families about the New Testament which almost in its the school had been bombed, in the Zionist "protected " by mixed marriages. The group entirety originated in this country, asked headquarters Meinekestr. 10. The syllabus of members drew their strength not only from Shalom Ben Chorin in the German-language the school included both Jewish and general their community life, but above all from daily "Yedioth Chadashoth"; and as to the subjects. The spirit in which the Youth their linshakable belieif in the survival of the Talmud, its larger part was compiled in Aliyah School kept up the morale in those Jewish people. W.R.

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Page 12 AJR INFORMATION February, 1972 JEWS IN ARAB COVISTRIES THE ISRAEL SCENE SYRIAN PROSECUTION ISRAEL HONOURS GERMAN "UNSUNG BLACK ISRAELITES Reports of further torture and persecution HEROES" of Syrian Jews have reached London. Jews The Supreme Court granted an injunction have been beaten, tortured and imprisoned for The Israeli Ambassador to Federal Germany, to eight Black Israelites who were arrested in trying to escape to freedom. Relatives of Jews Mr. Ben Horin, recently honoured 13 Germans Jericho, restraining the Israeli Ministry of the caught trying to leave Syria have been who, at risk to their own lives, helped Jews Interior from deporting them. The Interior brutally interrogated, and there have been in order to save them from persecution or Minister was also required to show cause why reports of rape. Damascus synagogues have death. Only four of them could accept in their tourist visas should not be extended. been damaged and Jewish houses have been person the awards together with the yad Lawyers for the Black Israelites said that they set on fire. Damascus Jews wishing to visit Vashem medals and documents; two had died would apply for immigrant status and oblige relatives in Aleppo have been refused permits. meanwhile and the others were unable to the Interior Ministry to give reasons why the Following a deputation of Jewish iVIPs to attend the ceremony owing to age or illness. deportation orders should not be revoked. A Downing Street on the subject of Jews in Those present were Dekan Dr. Otto Moerike Ministry spokesman said that the Black Israel­ Syria, Mr. Clinton Davis intends to suggest and his wife Gertrud of Lossburg near Freu­ ites were given one-month tourist visas when to Sir Alec Douglas-Home, the Foreign Secre­ denstadt; Maria Nickel, Berlin; Dr. Kaethe they landed at Lydda in October and had not tary, that he raise the matter at the United Schwarz; Marburg and Wilhelm Tietze who renewed these on expiry of the time limit. Nations. He says that consideration should received the award granted to his late father. About 200 Black Israelites live in the Negev be given to "the maltreatment of the Jewish Dr. Albrecht Tietze. The names of the other development town of Dimona, the first of community in Syria and the refusal of the eight recipients of the awards are: Emma them settling there from America about three Syrian Government to give access to the Red Gunz, Berlin; Lisa Hollaender, Berlin; Max years ago. to be joined by others. Cross or Amnesty International to investigate Kohl, Stuttgart: Herta Mueller and Walter this matter" Rieck, Berlin; Gisela Scherer and Josy 1971 TOURISTS Scherer-Hofmann, Munich; and, posthumously, The Israeli Minister of Tourism, Mr. Moshe DISCRIMINA'nON IN MOROCCO the late Otto Weidt, Berlin. Kol, told a press conference in Jerusalem that According to a news agency report, a total of 657,000 tourists visited Israel during Morocco's Jewish community is gravely con­ RUSSIAN ARRIVALS 1971, about 220,000 more than in 1970. This cemed at the demand for the removal of all According to Mr. Uzi Narkiss, the head of increase, said Mr. Kol, was unique in the field Jews from the administration made by a mem­ the Jewish Agency's immigration department, of the international tourist industry. ber of the House of Representatives, Mr. the December total of Soviet-Jewish arrivals in European visitors included 63,000 from Hilali Bouchaib. Israel was about 3,000. Top priority is being Britain, of whom some 14,000 were cruise The Moroccan Jewish Community CouncQ given to the newcomers' housing requirements. ship passengers. Excluding these, the British sent a telegram to the Prime Minister protest­ Youth Aliyah now has 500 Soviet-Jewish tourists represented a 34 per cent increase ing against this "racialist proposal, which in­ youngsters in its care, and arrangements are over 1970. sults the entire Jewish community". being made to cope with many more. Of the total tourist figure, 55 per cent were The Absorption Minister, Mr. Nathan Peled, Jews and 45 per cent non-Jews. A record total SHRINKING COMMUNITIES forecasts that this year "dozens of thousands" of 52,000 visitors arrived in December com­ of Soviet Jews will arrive in Israel. pared with 35,000 in December, 1970. At the annual meeting of the American From July 1, 1972, financial privileges for Joint Distribution Committee held in New 'WHO IS A JEW?' York, Mr. Samuel Haber. the executive vice- new immigrants to Israel covering housing, chairman, reported that only 50,000 Jews re­ The National Religious Party's Central cars and personal belongings will be restricted. main in Morocco, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt and Committee, declaring that it is "disturbed" by Algeria, compared with 650,000 before the the present system of registering people as FALASHAS RECOGNISED Second World War. Although there were no Jews, is raising the "Who is a Jew?" issue The general Jewish community is now accept­ prospects for the Jewish community in again. The NRP is launching a national cam­ ing small groups of Falashas—Ethiopian Jews Morocco, the 35,000 who remained were paign for the halachic interpretation of Jewish­ —who have previously not been regarded as reluctant to break the centuries-old ties unless ness to be accepted as the only criterion. fully Jewish by the Israeli rabbinate. There life became wholly intolerable. The same was This adds yet another religious issue to are 30,000 Falashas in Ethiopia and an esti­ true of Tunisia's 11,000 Jews. those which have been the subject of violence mated 200 live in Israel. A Falasha Council Mostly elderly or sick Jews were living in by religious zealots. They include autopsies is being formed in Tel Aviv and a start will Egypt and Algeria. The 800 in Egypt were and national service for religious girls, as well shortly be made to organise a community being helped through private channels and as the issue of Sabbath transport. structure. the 70 in Algeria were receiving monthly cash.

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