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Home , Computer monitor

and Internet Basics

Unit A Objectives

Define Explore Computer Functions Categorize Computers Examine Systems Explore data, information, and files Objectives

Introduce Application and System Software Define Internet Basics Connect to the Internet Understand Basics Use Browsers Understand E-mail Basics A Computer is a device that

accepts input processes data stores data produces output

(all according to a series of stored instructions) Computer system consists of:

Hardware: (inside the tower or base) devices: input and output Software: programs Computer Network

Two or more computers that are connected and share data and programs

LAN is a local area network Computer Functions

•Words, symbols, numbers, sound, Input pictures, program instructions

•Program calculates, sorts, modifies data Process •Uses microprocessor or CPU

•Results of processing Output •Reports, graphs, , pictures • or monitor

•Memory is temporary holding area (RAM) Store •Storage is permanent (disk) Less Powerful Computers

•Smart Phone

•PC/ • andChromebooks

•Videogame consoles Computer System

Peripherals

Computer + input devices + output devices + storage devices System Unit

Power Supply

Storage Devices

Circuit Boards Input/Output Devices

Monitor Keyboard Mouse Modem Printer Speakers, , Graphics card Storage Device Evolution drive CD-ROM drive DVD drive CD and/or DVD writer USB (Universal Serial Bus Data vs. Information

Data (symbols) used by computers

Information (meaningful) used by people Data

Binary number system to define electronic data 0 or 1 (Bit) Byte (8 bits or one character on your keyboard) Files

Collection of data on a storage medium Data file (passive) Executable file (active) Filename and extension examples: Image.jpg Word.exe Resume.doc System Software

Helps the itself in order to function efficiently (ex: Windows 98 or Windows XP) – Master controller of all computer activities Popular operating systems – PCs: Microsoft Windows, Mac OS – Smart Phones: Android OS, Apple iOS, Blackberry OS is virus immune – Servers: Linus and UNIX Platform

Microprocessor + Operating system Mac and PC compatibility is still an issue – Apple products tend to talk to only Apple products Apple computer = Mac platform Original IBM computer = Windows or PC platform Application Software

MicrosoftMicrosoft PowerPoint Excel

Designed to carry out a particular task Internet Basics: Cyberspace/The Cloud Internet is a collection of local, regional, national and international computer networks that are linked together to exchange data and distribute processing tasks. Plain English: Nothing more than phone lines and towers connecting computer networks (infrastructure) Internet Terminology

Server software IP Address: unique number for each Internet computer Packets: small chunks of data ready to travel the Internet Router: helps send along the packets to correct destination – makes wifi possible Internet Resources

E-commerce

Texting

Web Sites

E-mail

Internet Radio

Download Or Upload

Social Media Internet Connections

Cable modems – Network card and cable modem required – Always-on and 25 times faster than dial-up Satellite Wifi Faster Internet Connections

ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) – 64K or 128K – Always-on and expensive DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) and xDSL – Up to 125 times faster than dialup DSS (Digital Satellite Service) – 500K

Need proximity to a telephone switching station Internet Service Provider (ISP)

Provides internet access to businesses, organizations and individuals Provides telecommunications equipment User ID and password required Connects you to backbone Email account monthly fee Copies of everything you send and receive World Wide Web Basics

Files interconnected via hypertext Web pages make up a web site Home Page Links or hyperlinks Web servers World Wide Web Basics

URL (Uniform Resource Locator) – No spaces and Case sensitive – HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) – .htm or .html file extension http://www.cnn.com/showbiz/movies.htm Web Web name protocol Folder and filename standard name name extension Using Browsers

Can type URLs HTML tags tell browser how to display web page data Back, forward and stop buttons Setting a home page Print options History list Favorites and bookmarks Edit and Find

Google Chrome Microsoft ®, Internet Explorer® Firefox®, and more Search Engines

Keywords E-mail Basics

Account = Mailbox Message [email protected] Attachment ASCII vs HTML format Netiquette E-mail System

E-mail servers Store-and-forward technology Types – POP (Post Office Protocol) used via your ISP Ex.: [email protected] – Web-based like Gmail or Yahoo – IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) E-mail System TechTalk: Boot Process

Power up ROM runs bootstrap (boot) program POST (Power-on self-test) – Identifies and checks ROM loads operating system from hard disk into RAM Checks configuration and customization startup routines – Safe Mode, if this process is not successful Issue

How Private is E-Mail?