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e-PROCEEDINGS Sustainable Society Development: Human, Environmental and Economic Vitality University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Editors: SYUHAIDA ISMAIL WAN NURUL MARDIAH WAN MOHD RANI MOHAMMAD HUSSAINI WAHAB ROHAYAH CHE AMAT Organised by: Swiss ASEAN Learning and Teaching (SALT) & st E-Proceedings of 1 Connect-Us Conference (CuC 2017) 29-30 November 2017, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City, 59C Nguyễn Đình Chiểu, Phường 6, Hồ Chí Minh, Vietnam. Published by: UTM Razak School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100 Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Copyright © 2017 by UTM Razak School of Engineering and Advanced Technology eISBN: 978-967-15384-3-2 E-Proceedings of 1st Connect-Us Conference (CuC 2017) Sustainable Society Development: Human, Environmental and Economic Vitality EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Conference Chair: Prof. Dr. Nguyen Dong Phong Prof. Dr. Rolf Schaeren Program Chair: Dr. Tran Mai Dong Dr. Teresa L. Freiburghaus Publicity and Public Relations Committee: Dr. Tita Evasco-Branzuela Publicity and Public Relations Committee: Assoc. Prof. Ir. Dr. Syuhaida Ismail Scientific Committee: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Yu Ghee Wee Dr. Andika Putra Pratama Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nguyen Thu Thuy Prof. Dr. Mathias Binswanger Editors: Assoc. Prof. Ir. Dr. Syuhaida Ismail Dr. Wan Nurul Mardiah Wan Mohd Rani Dr. Mohammad Hussaini Wahab Lar. Dr. Rohayah Che Amat E-Proceedings of 1st Connect-Us Conference (CuC 2017) Sustainable Society Development: Human, Environmental and Economic Vitality Table of Contents 1 Analysing the Choice between School and Work of Vietnamese Adolescents (Beat Hulliger, Nguyen Thi Hong Thu) ................................................................... 1 2 The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility Activites on Consumer Perceived Value and Relationship Quality of Consumer and Company: A Conceptual Framework (Nguyen Nhan Nhu Ngoc) .................................................................. 12 3 Political Connection and Cost of Debt: A Study Of Vietnamese Listed Firms (Vy Thi Phuong Le, Thuy Thi Dieu Nguyen) ................................................................ 25 4 Entrepreneurship and Economic Growth Along Stages of Development (Minh Ho, Tam T. Vo) ............................................................................................................. 38 5 Organizational Factors and Quality of Accounting Information System- in Vietnam (Duc Thuan Luong) ................................................................................. 54 6 Determinants of Final Price in Online Auction: More Empirical Evidence in Vietnamese Internet Auction Data (Pham Dinh Long, Tri Thong Nguyen) .......... 65 7 The Determinants of Tourist Travel Intention in Malaysia: The Role of Perceived Risk and Destination Image (Nik Alif Amri Nik Hashim, Brent W. Ritchie, Aaron Tkaczynski) ............................................................................................................ 78 8 Factors Affecting Sustainable Development of Agricultural Cooperatives in the Mekong River Delta, Vietnam (Ha Nguyen Hong) ............................................... 83 9 Social Entreprise for Economic Development: The Thai Case (Kok Khien Village of Narathiwat Province) (Farok Zakaria. Yusuf Talek, Suthisak Duereh, Zainuddin Nim, Ruslee Nuh, Aris Wassama) ........................................................ 97 10 An Insight on Sabah Tourists’ Gastronomic Preferences (Mohammed Ruqaimi Remeli, Sathish Kumar Velayuthan, Zaimatul Awang, Nik Alif Amri Nik Hashim) ............................................................................................................................. 108 11 How to Improve Accountant Performance in An Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Environment (Quyen Thi Bao Phan) ........................................................ 116 12 Do Community Engagement Matters in Sustainable Tourism Planning? Issues and Challenges in Developing and Developed Nations (Sathish Kumar Velayuthan, Nik Alif Amri Nik Hashim, Zaimatul Awang, Mohammed Ruqaimi Remeli) ...... 132 E-Proceedings of 1st Connect-Us Conference (CuC 2017) Sustainable Society Development: Human, Environmental and Economic Vitality 1 ANALYSING THE CHOICE BETWEEN SCHOOL AND WORK OF VIETNAMESE ADOLESCENTS Beat Hulliger1, Nguyen Thi Hong Thu2 1 University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Switzerland 2 University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Email: 1 [email protected]; 2 [email protected] Abstract Vietnamese adolescents between 11 and 18 years old must make a choice between schooling for education and work to ensure income. In Vietnam vocational training is quite young and does not involve private economy enterprises to a major extent. Therefore, most work activity of adolescents is aimed at income. The factors determining the choice between school and work include family characteristics, family wealth, labor market conditions, infrastructure and policy measures. The objective of the study is to gain insight into the driving factors of the choices in order to help targeting government policies and educational development. The Vietnamese Household Living Standards Survey (VHLSS) provides a rich source of information for the analysis. VHLSS is a biennial survey in Vietnam that uses a complex sample design with three-stage clustering. A stratified sample of municipalities/districts and subsampling of municipalities for households is applied. Households are visited by trained interviewers and information about all household members is collected. The complex design needs proper weighting and inflates variances when compared with simple random sampling. Therefore, variance estimates and tests for any analysis must be adapted accordingly. Multinomial logistic models are applied on this data to determine the driving factors of the decision. These models generalize logistic regression to multiclass problems with our two discrete outcomes (schooling and work) of the Vietnamese adolescents between 11 and 18 years old. The analysis is carried out with the software R and Stata in parallel in order to check for potential differences in algorithms and to exploit the functionalities of the two packages fully. Keywords: School, work, Vietnam, adolescents. Introduction Vietnamese adolescents between 11 and 18 years old must make a choice between schooling for education and work to ensure income. In Vietnam vocational training is quite young and does not involve private economy enterprises to a major extent. Therefore, most work activity of adolescents is aimed at income. The Vietnamese Household Living Standards Survey (VHLSS) provides a rich source of information for the analysis. VHLSS is a biennial survey in Vietnam which uses a complex sample design with three-stage clustering. A stratified sample of municipalities/districts and subsampling of municipalities for households is applied. 1 E-Proceedings of 1st Connect-Us Conference (CuC 2017) Sustainable Society Development: Human, Environmental and Economic Vitality Households are visited by trained interviewers and information about all household members is collected. The complex design needs proper weighting and inflates variances when compared with simple random sampling. Therefore, variance estimates and tests for any analysis must be adapted accordingly. This paper develops a multinomial logistic model to predict the probability of adolescents aged 11-18 to choose among four alternatives: (1) school only, (2) school and work, (3) work only, (4) no activity. In other words, a response variable with four levels is used. The status “school only” is the reference (base) outcome (group). The factors determining the choice between school and work include (1) personal characteristics, (2) household characteristics and (3) public programs in the community. The analysis is carried out with the software R and Stata in parallel in order to check for potential differences in algorithms and to exploit the functionalities of the two packages fully. This paper contains 5 sections. The first section introduces the problem, the second section covers the review of literature review, the third introduces the multinomial logistic model and places it in the context of the present analysis, the fourth section presents the data and the results of the multinomial logistic model and the final section gives a conclusion. Literature Review Many econometric studies that have analyzed the work or schooling of children as the result of a discrete choice do not explicitly justify the approach adopted for their modeling nor the behavioral basis of the estimated model. For example, Ray (2000) uses independent binary modeling, implicitly assuming that: A) decisions to work and to go to school are independent; B) the employment decision is only compared with the decision to study; C) options to work and study in parallel as well as having neither activity are not part of the universe of choices. A second approach consists in recognizing the simultaneity of the two decisions but assuming that they are independent or contingent, leading to a bivariate model as those estimated by Ersado (2005). However, the authors often do not discuss the observed general result, which indicates a trade-off between work and schooling and do not reflect the other options (work and school, inactivity). A third approach, retained more frequently in recent works, is to adapt a polytomic model