Special Libraries, April 1970

San Jose State University SJSU ScholarWorks

Special Libraries, 1970 Special Libraries, 1970s

4-1-1970

Special Libraries Association

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Recommended Citation Special Libraries Association, "Special Libraries, April 1970" (1970). Special Libraries, 1970. 4. https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/sla_sl_1970/4

This Magazine is brought to you for free and open access by the Special Libraries, 1970s at SJSU ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Special Libraries, 1970 by an authorized administrator of SJSU ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. special libraries Donor tfZc EuM;en oy Ktma nifl- ccnce; tauc~~ii at-t dan~CfiuC 2 t.3:- pursatin tramor oj%fe; Cwe Eiaratd cEerisE fli K a re t~ om ~er-e a6un&nce, brnCwe rom fikr Gwfy, ficCsoGtceinA EerquieP scmctuarits. a

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@I970 THEODORE JOHN MAZAIKA ENGROSSER . 22 EAST 17TH STREET. NEW YORK. N. Y. 10003 Spearheads Soviet research in information Documents the increasingly prominent role theory and data transmission played by Soviet mathematical linguists

~NF~RMAT~~HTRANSMISSION

Problemy Peredachi lnformatsii

Selected articles from Faraday Advisory Editor: M. Levison, Nauchno-Tekhnicheskaya lnformatsiya University of London

Soviet Editor: V. I. Siforov Faraday Advisory Editor: L. Cohan, Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn

An outstanding publication of interest to re- Soviet Editor: A. I. Mikhailov searchers in all fields concerned with the R & D of communications systems. Contents include statistical information theory; coding theory and techniques; noisy Focuses on experimentai methods of analyzing, channels; error detection and correction; signal detec- translating, encodrng, searching and correlating scien- tion, extraction and analysis; analysis of communications tific and technical information. Covers problems in the networks; optimal processing and routing; top~csin the development of information languages, ciassification and theory of random processes; and bionics. indexing, and automatic analysis of texts. Describes new projects in automatic documentation, mechanical trans- Prof. V. I. Siforov is well known for his research lation, mathematical iinguistics and information retrieval. contributions in radioelectronics, signal detection and analysis, and the design of advanced communications sys- Academician Mikhailov, Director of the USSR In- tems. Among the notable members of the editorial board stitute of Scientific and Technical lnformation (VINITI), is are Prof. M. A. Gavrilov of the Institute of Automation and acknowledged to be one of the world's most eminent Remote Control of the USSR Academy of Sciences, and authorities in the theory and design of information sys- Acad. A. N. Kolmogorov, Dean of the Mathematics and tems. VlNlTl employs over 4,000 specialists and has been Mechanics Faculty at Moscow University and Chairman of involved in countless research projects relating to the the International Association on the Use of Statistics in theory, methodology and automation of scientific and the Physical Sciences. Kolmogorov has won both the Lenin technical documentation. Such leading mathematical lin- and Stalin Prizes for research on the theory of functions of guists as Yu. A. Shreider, G. E. Vleduts and I. A. Mel'chuk a real variable, and he also has recently developed a major have directed in-depth research dealing with problems of modification of the theory of information which introduces generative.transformat~onal grammar, semant~c analysis an algorithmic approach employing recursive functions. and synthesis, syntactic and morphological analysis and Other members of this distinguished board include B. S. natural-language to information-language conversion. Un- Tsybakov, R. L. Dobrushin, and M. S. Pinsker who have der the guidance of Prof. D. A. Bochvar, one of the most specialized in coding theory and problems of error detec- outstand~ngSoviet specialists in the field of mathematical tion and correction; L. M. Fink and V. N. Roginskii who have logic, a special Semiotics Division was created at the In- contributed significantly in the area of complex signals; stitute to conduct research in information analysis, logical M. L. Tsetlin who is renowned for his work in game theory; semantics, structural linguistics and other disciplines as well as such well-known researchers in large-scale in- which are designed to make available to the new science formation and communications systems as 0. B. Lupanov, of informatics the exact methods currently employed to V. A. Uspenskii and A. M. Yaglom. create automated information systems.

Sample contents include: Three Approaches to a Quantitative Defi- Sample contents include: Preparation of Secondary Scientific nition of lnformation Binary Codes Capable of Correcting In- Documents . lmorovine the Format of Scientific~~ ~ . -..-Documents...... A correct One's . The Capacity of a Memoryless Gaussian Vector Linguistic ~escript~onoi the Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry. Channel . Realization of Boolean Functions by Networks of n-Input Some Causes of Loss and Noise in Document lnformation Re- Threshold Elements . Certain Properties of Symmetric Functions trleval . The Concepts "Information" and "S~gn" . Fundamentals in Threevalued Logic Using Ordered Texts for Expanding the of Scientlflc Abstractmg Methods The Problem of Translation

Capabilities of Mechanical Readers A System for Determining and Modern Lineuistics . Documentation- ~ and- - Problems-.. .. of Classi. Optimal Routing . Cyclic Codes for Correction of Uniform Error fying Sciences -~roblemsof lnformation Storage and Retrieval Bursts . Some Cyclic Codes and a Technique for Majority Decod- Grammars Describing the Relationships between Natural Lan- ing .A Method for Increasing the Rel~abilityof Finite Automata . guages e Automatic Textual Analysis a Analvsls of lnformation On Several Examples,of Simulation of,the Collective Behavior of Flow as a Means for Predicting the Future of Research Projects . Automata A Quant~tat~velnvestlgatlon of Limlted-Access Sys- Research on Qualif~cat~onsfor lnformation Special~stsin Chemis- tems . Optimal Routing in lnformation Transmission Systems try e Optimal Structures for Subject Indexes of Abstract Journals The Quantity of lnformation Transformed by a Nonlinear Device A Distributive Theory of Sentences w~thBound Regions An Ap- with Internal Noise A Topological Evaluation of the Memory of proach to Defin~tionof Certain Fundamental Notions in Informa- a Multicycle System An Ideal Physical lnformation Transmission tion4etrieval Languages .Syntactical Homonymy in Russian (from Channel. the Viewpoint of Automatic Analys~sand Synthesis). Annual subscription (4 issues): $100.00 Annual subscription (4 issues): $145.00

THE FARADAY PRESS, INC. 84 Fifth Avenue New York, N. Y. 10011 - over 80.000 titles

over 3.000.000 volumes in stock

5 international journals monographs and congress proceedings

write or call for information: i SWETS & ZElTLlNGER rn over 600 titles in print keizersgracht 471 & 487 amsterdam, the netherlands telephone: 020-223 226 cable address: swezeit, amsierdam telex: 14149 over 100.000 titles 19 waterloo avenue berwyn, pa. 19312. u.s.a. telephone: 21 5-644-4944 21 5-647-0236 telex: 084-5392 ~WX:51 0-668-5481

69 aka vista drive janta cruz, cal. 95060. u.s.a. !elephone: 408-426-2198 special libraries

Letters

Data Processing Applications in an Industrial Library System lrving H. Neufeld

How the Birds (Pigeons) & Bees & Butterflies Do It Erik Bromberg

Development of a National lnformation System for Physics Kenneth D. Carroll

Map Collection Prepares to Automate Mary Murphy

MARC Tape as a Selection Tool in the Medical Library Dohn H. Martin

Book Reviewing Media for Technical Libraries Arnold Sadow

Repair and Preservation of Map Materials William W. Easton

SLA News Vistas

Chapters & Divisions 201 Institutes for Training in Librarianship 208 Exchange of Library- Produced Bibliographies 202 Have You Seen? 209 SLA Hall of Fame/ 1970 204 Coming Events 21 1 Members in the News 206 Reviews 212

Placement 26~ Index to Advertisers 28~

Editor: F. E. MCKENNA Assistant Editor: FRANCISJ. RUTH Special Libraries Committee Chairman: ANDREWV. IPPOLITO,Newsday MARYKLANIAN, Advanced Systems Development Division, IBM MRS. ANNEJ. RICHTER,R. R. Bowker Company Special Libraries is published by Special Libraries Association, 235 Park Avenue South, New York, N.Y. 10003. @ 1970 by Special Libraries Association. Monthly except double issues for May/Jun and Jul/Aug. Annual index in December issue. Second class postage paid at Brattleboro, Vermont 05301. POSTMASTER:Send Form 3579 to Special Libraries Association, 285 Park Avenue South, New York, N.Y. 10003. Special Libraries Association 1969/ 1 970

President Directors (1967/70) ROBERTW. GIBSON, JR. MRS.GLORIA M. EVANS General Motors Corporation Parke, Davis & Company Research Laboratories Library Production and Engineering Library 12 Mile & Mound Roads Detroit, Michigan 48232 Warren, Michigan 48090 EFRENW. GONZALEZ President-Elect (Secretary of the Board) FLORINEOLTMAN Bristol-hlyers Products Air University Library Scientific Division Maxwell Air Force Base 1350 Liberty Avenue Alabama 36112 Hillside, New Jersey 07207 Advisory Council Chairman HELENJ. WALDRON Directors (1968/71) The RAND Corporation ROSEMARYR. DEMAREST 1700 Main Street Price Waterhouse & Co. Santa Monica, California 90406 60 Broad Street New York 10004 Advisory Council Chairman-Elect KEITH G. BLAIR BURTONE. LAMKIN General Dynamics National Agricultural Library Convair Division Library Beltsville Post Office Box 12009 Maryland 20705 San Diego, California 92112 Treasurer (1967/70) Directors (1969/72) JEAN DEUSS EDYTHEMOORE Federal Reserve Bank of New York The Aerospace Corporation Federal Reserve P.O. Station Charles C. Lauritsen Library (A4/108) New York 10045 Post Office Box 95085 Los Angeles, California 90045 Past President HERBERTS. WHITE LOYD R. RATHBUN Leasco Systems and Research Corp. Massachusetts Institute of Technology 4833 Rugby Avenue Lincoln Laboratory Library Bethesda, Maryland 20014 Lexington, Massachusetts 02173 Executive Director GEORGEH. GINADER Special Libraries Association 235 Park Avenue South New York 10003

Subscription Rates. Free to SLA members. Non- Claims for missing numbers will not be allowed if members, USA and Canada, $20.00 per calendar received more than 90 days from date of mailing year; add $1.50 postage for other countries. Single plus the time normally required for postal delivery copies (recent years) $2.75. of the issue and the claim. No claims are allowed Back Issues & Hard Cover Reprints: Inquire Kraus because of failure to notify the Membership Depart- Reprint Corp., 16 East 46th St., New York, N. Y. ment or the Subscription Department (see above) of a change of address, or because copy is "missing from Microfilm & Microfiche Editions (1909 to date): files." Inquire University Microfilms, Ann Arbor, Michigan. Changes of Address. Allow six weeks for all changes Special Libraries Association assumes no responsi- to become effective. All communications should in- bility for the statements and opinions advanced by clude both old and new addresses (with ZIP Codes) the contributors to ehe Association's publications. and should be accompanied by a mailing label from a Editorial views do not necessarily represent the offi- recent issue. Members should send their communica- cial position of Special Libraries Association. tions to the SLA Membership Department, 235 Park Indexed in: Business Periodicals Index, Dorwmenta- Avenue South, New York, N. Y. 10003. Nonmember tion Abstracts, Historical Abstracts, Hospital Literature Subscribers should send their communications to the Index, Library Literature, Library Science Ab~rractr, SLA Subscription Department, 235 Park Avenue Alanagement Index, and Public Affairs Informarion South, New York, N. Y. 10003. Service. Membership DUES.Active, Associate or Affiliate $30; Student $5; Emeritus $5; Sustaining $100. The one-time payment for Active (Paid for Life) Membership is $350.

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Visit us at NMA Show -Booths 110-11 and 122-23. 1609. First printing. 500 copies. 1970. Second printing. One copy. We don't know exactly how many copies of this book were originally published 361 years ago. But we do know that over the years it's become more and more difficult for scholars to get their hands on one. Fortunately, University Microfilms is making sure that the supply of any book is precisely equal to the demand for it. And if just one copy of a book exists, and is capable of being microfilmed, we can make as many additional copies as anyone wants. As of this moment, we have over 82,000 out-of-print books on microfilm. And if we don't have a book, we'll find it, film it, and turn out copies like the one above. Books printed in Roman alphabets cost 41 per page. Books in non-Roman alphabets cost 61 a page. And our minimum order is one copy. If you're a librarian interested in seeing which books we already have on film, send for our free 500-page catalog. We'll also send you The 0-P Bookfinder, our monthly publication which lists the books we're adding to our collection. If you still can't find what you want, send us the title, author and publisher's name. If copies of the book are still around, we'll see to it that you get one too. University Microfilms 300 North Zeeb Icoad, Ann~rbor,Mich. 48103. (313) 761-4700 University Microfilms I.~mlted,High Wycornb. England XEROX THE PLACE TO GO FOR CURRENT SUBJECT/AUTHOR INDEXING TO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY JOURNAL LITERATURE/ BO0WU.S. GOVERNMENT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT REPORTS

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TRY F. W. FAX N CO., I Library Magazine Subscription Agency 15 Southwest Park, Westwood, Massachusetts 02090 Telephone 617-329-3350 LETTERS fornia has been collecting special library statistics for many years. There is, as you may know, a new USA Standard for Library Statistics (239.7-1968), Home Address us. Business Address including special library statistics. There may be some things wrong with the standards for special libraries-I think there are-but The following are additional replies to the they're a place to start. Editorial by President Robert W. Gibson in the Nov 1969 issue of Special Libraries. Jean Legg LSCA Title I11 This is a late, though complimentary, com- Division for Library Services ment on the 1969170 SLA Directory, com- Madison, Wisc. 53701 bined with a reply to comments you made in an issue of Special Libraries. You were suggesting that members use Proposed Amendments to Proposed Amend- their business addresses, rather than their ments home addresses, for Association mailings. In my case, however, this custom would have involved six business addresses during a pe- The proposed changes in the SLA Bylaws riod of seven years against one home address concerning membership, which will be pre- during that time. Aside from the drudgery of sented at the annual business meeting in writing change-of-address letters to SLA and Detroit, do not differ significantly from the the very real possibility of losing mail, two of proposal which was voted down a year ago those addresses were schools which strongly in Montreal. discourage handling mail for mere students. The main objection then was that certain On the other hand, your argument for sections of the membership requirements did more information about a member's em- not include any professional qualifications on ployer seems quite reasonable. Perhaps an the part of the applicant, but asked only additional field for corporate affiliation that he hold a "professional position." This could be added to the present record. Once objection still remains, since the "new" pro- a year at renewal time, each member could posals fail in the same respect. be asked to verify or update this affiliation Instead of the way it reads in the proposal, field. If SLA were concerned about the loca- the requirement for Associate, ~iticie11, tion of the corporate body, five characters Section 3(b), which covers the non-degree- could be reserved for the Zip code of the holding applicant, should read: company. I suspect that once-a-year updating of affiliation would be sufficient for statistical Has a professional position in a special purposes; so for the sacrifice of some extra library, does not have a four-year degree, magnetic tape and a bit of programming, you but whose qualifications for holding such could have our affiliations and we could have position are determined by the Association our choice of address. Committee concerned with membership to Congratulations on the Directory. I like be of a professional nature. the first two parts particularly. To be consistent, the requirement for Caryl McAllister Member, Article 11, Section 2(c), which also Palo Alto, Calif. 94306 covers the non-degree-holding applicant, should read: Has at least seven years experience in a I was interested in your appeal to SLA's professional position in a special library, members in the November 1969 issue of does not hold a four-year degree, but Special Libraries. I designed the annual re- whose qualifications for holding such posi- port forms the Michigan State Library mailed tion are determined by the Association to libraries, including special libraries, two Committee concerned with membership to years ago, and I am working on similar forms be of a professional nature. (One year of for Wisconsin libraries. undergraduate college credit equals one If SLA wants to find out "Who We Are," year of professional experience.) why doesn't the Statistics Committee start working with state libraries on uniform an- If the Bylaws Committee and the Board of nual reporting for special libraries? Cali- Directors are serious about maintaining new things are happening..

People used to think of us only as a source of library supplies and equipment for processing, shelving and circulating books. Some still do. But over the years.. .especially the recent years.. . we've quietly expanded and now serve a much broader field.

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meaningful professional qualifications for membership in SLA, it is difficult to see why they should find these simple changes ob- jectionable. Samuel Sass General Electric Company Pittsfield, Mass. 01201

For ease in comparison with Mr. Sass' proposal, the corresponding Sections as pub- lishrd in the Mar I970 issue of Special Li- braries are reproduced belozu:

Article 11, Section 3(b) Has a position in a special library, such position determined by review of the Asso- ciation Committee concerned with member- WE HAVE A CURE ship to be of a professional nature. FOR OLD AGE. Article 11, Section 2(c) Has at least seven years experience in a It takes just 28 days to give your worn publications a new special library, determined by the Association lease on life. One volume or Committee concerned with membership to a hundred. Old books. New be professional experience. (One year of un- books. dergraduate college credit equals one year of Your Heckman bindery- professional experience). trained consultant will talk over your book preservation needs with you. In person. He Discrimination on SLA Ballots will also pick up your order. And deliver it-in 28 days. Our I question the legality, or perhaps constitu- own delivery vans and regional tionality, of SLA's continuing practice of warehouses help insure this separating male and female names on its regular "special hmandlingM ballots. I have noticed this custom for sev- service. eral years now. Seldom do two persons of the For all your binding needs same sex comnete for election in the same -a cure for old age, or a pre- slot. Is this a coincidence or planned to ventive care program, write or equalize representation in some fashion? phone: Catherine M. Brosky Graduate School of Public Health University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Penna. 15213

In 1968 a man and a woman were in the same slot; this seems to be the only instance on record. Does the Nominating Committee wish to com- ment? -ED.

THE HECKMAN BINDERY, INC. SLA Conference NORTH MANCHESTER, IND. PHONE: (219) 982-2107 June 7-1 1,1970 Detroit, Michigan The New YorkTimes resents the Roaring 20's.. .summLarized in back volumes of~heNewYork Times Index.

Flappers and bathtub gin. The boom and the crash. Lindbergh and Byrd. Scopes and Sacco-Vanzetti. Your patrons can quickly find specific facts about virtually everything that happened in the 1920's or any-othertime period since 1851- research dates, names, places and details of every kind-in The New York Times Index. Back lndex volumes are the best place to start a search-and often the only reference source needed. They provide a comprehensive summary of New York Times coverage for over a century. For more information, or to order any back lndex for 30 days on approval, write to The New York Times, Library Services and Information Division, Dept..SL-9,229 West 43d Street, New York, N.Y. 10036. Data Processing Applications in an Industrial Library System

Irving H. Neufeld

United Aircraft Research Laboratories, East Hartford, Connecticut 06108

ney Aircraft Division, and the United An account is given of some of the his- Aircraft Research Laboratories. Three torical background leading to the adop- branch libraries within a 30 mile radius tion and development of data processing serve company personnel at other loca- operations in the United Aircraft Li- tions. In addition, cooperative programs are undertaken from time to time involv- brary System. These operations are de- ing other company libraries at more re- scribed and the rationale behind the mote locations. The library, systemz staff particular approaches taken is explained. numbers 35, and 9 of these positions are An attempt is made to evaluate the oper- graded at the professional level. ational data processing applications, in The United Aircraft Cor~orationLi- terms of cost effectiveness, as a tool for brary System is administered by the general library management. United Aircraft Research Laboratories which houses the main library. The Re- search Laboratories also maintain a large computing laboratory which pro- HE United Aircraft Library System vides data processing services to the li- T first began to use automatic data brary. The computing laboratory is processing equipment on a relatively equipped with a complex of third gener- small scale in 1963. Since that time, data ation computers and ancillary equip- processing routines have been put into ment. use in an increasing number of applica- A brief review of some of the library tions until, at present, a very large pro- systems which were in use in the early portion of the library system's operations 1960's and of some of the problems re- involve the use of computers and related lated to these systems may be useful as equipment. A review of these operations background information. can be of interest to others who are using Books and reports acquired for the li- or considering the use of ADP equipment brary collections at that time were han- for library applications. dled in essentially the same way. All were cataloged according to more or less Historical Background traditional library descriptive and sub- The United Aircraft Corporation Li- ject cataloging rules. A set of 3" X 5" brary System consists of a main library catalog cards was produced from offset serving personnel in the East Hartford masters for each book and report. Li- area, including the United Aircraft cor- brary clerks would then underline the porate headquarters, the Pratt & Whit- filing captions on these cards (subject headings, authors, titles, etc.), and the Table 1. Selected UAC Library cards were filed into the card catalog. System Statistics, 1968 These cards were used also as the basis Reports Received & Cataloged 13,100 , for a circulation control system. One card was included in each book and re- Books Received & Cataloged 1,964 port, and when the item was charged Items Circulated* 46,297 out, the borrower's name and the date * Does not include iournals and periodical articles. were written on the back of the card, which was then filed in a circulation file. A great many problems developed with We had decided, in effect, to apply - these systems. Here are some of them: these techniques to the broad mechanics Because an average of 7 or 8 cards oE general library operations, rather than were filed for each book and report, the to the development of more restricted card catalog began to assume the dimen- applications such as a specialized infor- sions of a leviathan. At the time in ques- mation retrieval system, for example. We tion, there were more than 1,000,000 felt that the use of electronic data proc- cards in the catalog. essing would enable us to provide im- It became impossible, with a limited proved library service to all users and clerical staff, to keep up with the task of potential users of the library system, filing cards into the catalog and locating, while holding the library expenditures removing and destroying cards for items at their existing level, or if possible, even which were discarded. reducing them despite the exponential .Due to the large clerical require- growth in the numbers and costs of tech- ments, it was not possible to prepare and nical publications and continually rising send overdue notices on a regular basis labor costs. It was also felt that it would by the manual methods required in this be wasteful for us to duplicate the elab- system. The inevitable result was that orate and expensive programs in infor- borrowers lost track of large numbers of mation retrieval, machine translation, materials which consequently could not automatic indexing and the like which be recalled when needed. Neither was it were being pursued under federal gov- possible to produce a listing of books ernment sponsorship at academic centers and reports charged to an individual and within the government agencies when required-in case of a termination, themsel~es. for example. The complete record of books and Technical Reports System reports in the library system was avail- Under the heading of technical re- able only in the main library and not at ports are included reports of research any other location. This resulted in nu- sponsored by the Department of De- merous phone calls from branch libraries fense. NASA and other federal govern- and other locations to find out: I) ment agencies, as well as preprints of whether a book or report was in the col- papers delivered at meetings of technical lection, and 2) its current whereabouts. societies and other such publications. The filing and retrieval of reports They form a very important part of the under the alphabetic arrangement by library collections because the research corporate author and title then in use results are published in this form long were extremely slow and difficult. before they appear in the so-called "open These are examples of some of the literature," that is, journals and books. problems we were encountering-prob- Over 13,000 reports were added to the lems which did not appear to be amena- collections in 1968. (See Table 1 for se- ble to solution by traditional procedures lected UAC Library System statistics.) and which we tried to solve by the data All reports which are to be incorpo- processing techniques described in this rated into the collections are processed paper. in the main library's cataloging section. 162 For each report there is prepared a work Offset masters for a biweekly reports sheet containing the complete cataloging announcement bulletin titled Reports and indexing data such as authors, titles, Received (Figs. 1 and 2). subject headings, report numbers, etc. An A set' o£ cumulat'ive Imint-outs in- accession number (a sequential number dexing the reports by corporate author, with a prefix indicating the security clas- personal author, subject, title (Fig. 3), re- sification of the report and the year it port number, AD number and contract was added to the collections) is also as- number. These are printed on four-part signed to each report title. All of the in- paper to give us copies for distribution formation in the work sheets is punched at several locations. onto sets of cards in the computing labo- One sign-out card for every copy of ratory. This input is then processed by each report. the computer to produce the following: A card for each report title which is

OF CYCLONE-TYPE SEPARATORS, FR UNlV RES FOUNDATION MAR 67 \

1. Accession Number Year Received

2. Security Classification Title (may be abbreviated) U-Unclassified C-Confidential Personal Authors S-Secret Sponsoring Society (& meeting location) N-Nato Classified Date (first day of meeting)

Paging

AR-Annual Report FR-Final Report 4. Library Collection PR-Progress Report -Main Libra~ry R Main Library FOR REFERENCE ONLY Corporate Author C Corporate Systems Center Issue Date E Electronics Dept., Hamilton Standard H Hamilton Standard Report Number M AMRDL Middletown S South Windsor Engrg. Facility, P&WA Contract Number

Cumulated indexes to reports listed are available at the Main Librory and of branch libraries of the UAC Library System. These indexes are by TITLE, AUTHOR, SUBJECT, CORPORATE AUTHOR, REPORT NUMBER and CONTRACT NUMBER.

Fig. 1. Inside Front Cover of Reports Received Announcement Bulletin, showing arrangment of entries used as a "shelf list" record, that is, a that one notice addressed to the borrower record indicating how many copies of lists all reports charged to him which the report we have and where they are are overdue. Delinquent borrowers re- - located. ceive two notices; if the material is not returned, the circulation librarian is The print-outs are used by both li- alerted to follow up by getting in touch brary staff and clientele in much the with the borrower. same way that a card catalog is used. We Listings by borrower are produced pe- have found that the title index receives riodically so that we always have a record especially heavy use by the staff to de- available of all reports charged out to termine quickly whether we have a given any individual. title, and, if we do, the accession number It will be seen that this system goes a under which it is filed. long way toward solving the problems we The reports are filed by their accession had encountered when using manual numbers. The circulation control sub- operations. With the use of data process- system for the reports is based on the ing equipment we have accomplished the sign-out cards. Each time a report is following objectives: charged out or returned, these transac- tions are recorded on reproduced cards The burdensome card filing task is in the computing laboratory. Included eliminated. in the information punched on these Access to recent reports is much faster cards is the name and location of the because there is no delay while waiting borrower, the copy number of the report, for cards to be filed into a catalog. The and a code for the due date. print-outs are produced almost immedi- As the normal loan period is two ately after the reports are announced in weeks, a computer run is made every the accessions listing. other week to produce overdue notices. A complete circulation control rec- The program is set up in such a way ord is maintained with overdue notices

17. MARINF TECHNOLOGY

UK-69 HISTORY OF CHFH'IOMOR UNPERNATFR LABORATCRY PODRAZHANSKIY 04791 STLFANOV JOINT PURLICFTIO~~S ws SFRVICE nEc be JPK? 47071 AP

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18. SURFACE TRANSPORTATION

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19. PHYSICPL APIP CHEMICAL TOPICS

UP-69 APpnRE,,? RAnIATlGN PROPERTIFS OF ROUGH CURFACE HERING SMITH 04797 AIAA S4tLlFnllNCISCO JU"I6 69 LIAA 69-622 1lP

UR-69 CHth'ICuL EcIIILIPRIu'J OF APLATION MATERIPLS INCLUDING CONDENSED 04798 SPLCIEJ STROUD RRINKLFY NASA AUC 69 NASA TND 5391 41P

Fig. 2. Sample Page from Reports Received Announcement Bulletin (offset master for reproduction) 164 sent on a regular basis. used for reports, with minor differences Complete information about the re- because of the nature of the material. ports in the collections is available at For example, in place of an accession several locations. number, each book receives a call num- The filing and retrieval of reports ber based on the LC classification system. by accession number is easier and faster This is done in part so that books on 0 than with the previously used alphabetic similar subjects may be grouped together arrangement by corporate author and on the shelves. Such grouping makes it title. possible for the library user to browse through the stacks and locate books in Book System his area of interest. Because the user has The methods currently in use for proc- no direct access to the report stacks, this essing books are very similar to those is not necessary for the reports.

COUPORATE sOURCF ItIOEX PAC' 6- 7'1

NL YolIK U IV Ub-69019~2 NII~IERICAL SOLUTION OF TURdULENT BOUtIOARY LAYEIt. PR l'm'-h90US~r REVIEW OF SOWE PHOPLEMT IN TUHRULE'IT PIXlltG, PR U"-6903573 SINGULAR t NONUNIFORM LIMITS OF SOLUTIONS OF ItOLTZYANN EOUATION UI'-69OU3SO SLOT COOLING AT HIGH SP~EDFLOW. PP UW-hYFObtr9 SJA0IUTY OF OISSIPATIVE hY5TLPS UM-6900BL.1 STABILITY OF RESISTIVF SHEET PI!ICH Uh-~YOIBYO TYO LAYER 6BLATION AT AXISYHULTRIC STAGNATION POINT, Pq NL-ARK COLL 06 LNbINEtRING UI -nYOUBSU EFFECTS OF PARTIAL COHERENCE ON HOLOWAPHY N11 LSth EPr ~INtFUING RES INC Ui--090172~ ~LcuLhJloNOF COHPPESSIBLE TUPDULENT ~OUPIDART UYERS WITH PRLSSURC Nut 1H AMFR AVIATION ItlC UHnbyOl*~=. EARTHQUAKC PRtDICTIDN FROM LASFH SURVEYING UIHbVUU72q HUMAN P~SPONSETO RAPID RLCnNPRtSSION UUHhYO~Vdll Ic~FRARED RADIOMETRIC STIES5 INSTRUMENTATION APPLICATIOLI UNGC STUI'Y U"HbYOl396 PRLLIMlNAltY INVESTIGATION FOR 7ERO-GRAVITl WATER SEPARlTOR Uf'MhY00893 UZEARCH + DEVELOPMENT OF NOWIESTR'JCTIVE TESTING TCCH'4IOUES FOR c~NPOSITESI PR JlJL 65-.lL"4 68 ------U"H690'4715 SHfLL------INALYSIS MANUAL ------

PERSONAL AUTHOR INDEX PAGE P- 6"

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Fig. 3. Corporate Source, Personal Author, Subject and Title Indexes APRIL 1970 The circulation control system for experimented with several of these from books is almost identical to that for re- time to time. ports. The most recent example is a ~woc - At the time of writing, all new books (Key Word Out of Context) index cover- acquired for the collections are being ing reports and journal articles in the handled in this way. We are still in the field of lasers which were announced by process, however, of incorporating some the library during 1968. Two hundred \ of the older books into this system. copies of this listing have been made In general, the same advantages apply available to company personnel, and we to this system of processing books as hope to obtain some indications about accrue to the similar one for reports. the value of such special listings. Similar programs can easily be applied to other Periodicals categories of materials at a relatively low cost if they prove to be useful. A periodical record is maintained on tape. This record contains the basic information about all the periodicals to Expanded Applications which the library system subscribes. The As the data processing applications following are some of the products ob- have been developed in the main library tained by means of various computer it has been found possible to apply some runs on this tape. of these programs at other locations. For Periodical holdings list indicating example, the Hamilton Standard Branch holdings of the main and branch libraries. Library has recently begun to use the Binding list. circulation control system as described Current subscriptions with costs, ex- above for books charged out from their piration dates, etc. collection. This is accomplished by Listing of journals by 26 general means of a data link between the Ham- subject codes. ilton Standard Division and the com- Periodicals on automatic routing. puting laboratory at the United Aircraft Kesearch Laboratories. Many other output listings can be and Another example is the recently com- are produced from time to time from the pleted arrangement under which techni- master tape. cal reports added to the collections of the I'unched cards are used to check in pe- Sikorsky Aircraft Division Library are riodicals as they are received. A file con- being cataloged, indexed, and announced taining one punched card for each copy uniformly with those of the United Air- of each periodical issue is maintained in craft Library System. This will hopefully the acquisitions section. Upon receipt of result in lower costs to the Sikorsky Air- a periodical issue, the corresponding card craft Division, while insuring that re- is pulled from the file and inserted into ports coming into both systems are made the periodical which is then delivered to available to interested technical person- the next processing station. nel at all locations served by these li- Cards remaining in the file after the braries. expected date of receipt of the periodical are used to produce claim notices re- Costs and Rationale questing delivery of the missing issues. These are sent to the appropriate vendor In preparing this review, it was hoped or subscription agent. to include some cost data which would permit comparison between the data processing applications described herein Special Projects and other programs in library manage- Many programs are available for the ment and information handling. Un- manipulation of bibliographic data by fortunately, meaningful cost data is very computer. The UAC Library System has hard to come by in the literature, even Table 2. Library Data Processing Costs ject areas. But the information require- and Computer Time, 1968 ments of the people served by the United Aircraft Library System are extremely Library Labor (estimated) $20,600 varied, embracing not only the basic Computing Laboratory physical sciences and mathematics but Labor Charges* 6,004 also such technologies as high tempera- Computing Laboratory ture materials, fuel cells, electron beam Material Charges 152 welding, life support systems, propulsion Total $26,756 devices of all kinds, power production, and ranging even into such areas as long- * Computer time, Univac 1108 48.36 hr. range planning, economics, marketing, etc. The data processing applications in in reports prefaced by such statements the United Aircraft Library System there- as (I): ". . . we regard the sharing of in- fore, in contrast to tlle specialized pro- formation with other workers in the grams mentioned before, were developed field of information retrieval, documenta- to serve as general library management tion, and library science as one of our tools designed to have the widest possible most important responsibilities." application while keeping costs down to The report from which that statement :I reasonable level. is quoted was intended as a final review While the costs of goods and services of MEDLAKS,a system for preparing and purchased by libraries have been increas- publishing indexes to the medical litera- ing at intiationary rates, the United Air- ture. This 76 page report contains not craft Library System has succeeded in one word about costs. A clue is available, continuing to expand and improve senr- however, in the report that MEDLARS II ices in the two years, 1967 and 1968, was begun with the award of a $2 million without any significant increase in ex- contract to Computer Sciences Corpora- penditures. This record speaks well for tion, Los Angeles (2): "The contract in- the library management program of cludes the design, development, and pro- which tlle data processing applications gram support for MEDLARS II but does are an essential part. They were devel- not include the cost of an IBM 360/50." oped at low cost, and operating costs are Some interest has been expressed at relatively modest (see Table 2). In terms the United Aircraft Research Laborato- oC cost effectiveness, they appear to offer ries in TIP (Technical Information Proj- good value for dollars spent, and this is ect), a physics literature handling system always the acid test in an industrial en- based on articles published in 25 (later vironment. 30) physics journals. This program was part of Project MAC at MIT. MAC is a Literature Cited multi-million-dollar computer time-shar- 1. Austin, Charles T. / MEDLARS, ing program supported by the Advanced 1963-67. U.S. Dept. of Health, Educa- Research Projects Agency with addition, and Welfare. Public Health Serv- tional support from other government ice. National Institutes of Health. Na- agencies. Several articles about TIP have tional Library of Medicine. (Public been published, but we could not find Health Service publ. no. 1823) n.d. any cost data. The physics literature Foreword by Martin M. Cummings, promises to be well covered, however, M.D., p. iii. since the National Science Foundation 2. Special Libraries 59: 459 (Jul/Aug has granted funds to the American Insti- 1968) tute of Physics to develop a national 3. Library Journal 3076 (Sep 15, 1968) physics information system to serve the needs of U.S. physicists (3). Received for review Jul 29, 1969. Ac- The above-mentioned systems are spe- rcpted Oct 31, 1969. Mr. Neufeld is chief cial-purpose systems designed to perform of the United Aircraft Corporation Li- rather specific tasks in well-defined sub- brory System. How the Birds (Pigeons) & Bees & Butterflies Do It

Auuncular Advice to A New Librarian . . . about to Talk to His Purchasing Agent . . . WhoHas Already Signed A Book Buying Contract

Erik Bromberg

U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C. 20240

URCHASING AGENTS everywhere When an order arrives, he calls the P have long been wont to consider the local publisher's agent antl says, "1Vil- acquisition of books in the same routine bur, please send one copy of Titk X to channels as they would the purchase of Libraw Y, and bill me." Note the elimi- erasers, pencils and toothpicks-and fry- nation of part of the postage costs. \\'lien ing pans. Unfortunately, as we all know, tlle bill from Wilbur arrives for Tztk X. this just ain't so. the "drop shipper" adds on his prof t antl Purchasing agents have a very great sends the new bill to Library Y. All neo- love for competitively-arrived-at con- ph) te acq~iisitionslibrarians should try tracts. They love DISCOUNTS. They a "drop shipper" once. Experience is a have been directed to love discounts by fine teacher. state, county antl municipal fiat, by fetl- .Jobbers compete in allowing discount:, era1 regulations, antl by the procedure in the expected manner. If a jobbcr has manuals of industry. Rarely do they sufficient capital to order a large num- consider SERVICE beyond throwing a ber of copies of one title from a fish to the barking librarian in the for111 publisher, he obviously receives larger tlis- of a contract clause which stipulates "tle- counts in the trade category antl 5ome- livery within -15 days." tinies in the technical category. This Jobbers are the boys who get the con- atl\antageous position can lead to a nice tract. (Except that there are good librar- bit of hanky-panky which delays deliver- ians, who adamantly insist that buying ies to the library. A small jobber will from the publisher, is both cheaper and wait to accumulate orclers for a number faster. Let us not debate that point here!) of copies of a given title antl then ordel A jobber must make a profit to exist. them. Obviously if he starts his waiting The profit must cover mundane items pocess wit11 your orcler, )ou are a tlead such as postage, insurance, promotional pigeon" as fa1 as )our libraly patron is activities and interest charges to tlle concel rietl. banker who is staking him. Obviously the cheapest way a jobber can function " TJYENI.Y-THREESKIDOO! IZ'c do agree with is as a "drop shipper." This gentleman our avuncular author-but we wonder if our readers, born after 1940, recogni7e the is ensconced in an office in a strategic usage of "pigeon"? Some intriguing usages city with a telephone. He has no stock; appear in the Thesaurus of Slnng / Rerre!, thus there is no capital invested, no in- Lester V. and Van den Bark, hfelvin. N.Y., terest to pay, and no warehousing costs. Crowell, 1949.-ED. 168 The publishing industry divides its output into three categories: Trade, Technical, and Text. Trade books may be defined as books of general interest, including cook books, guide books, biographies, all-time classics, works of fiction and non-fiction, including the best sellers. Technical books Next there is the GSA-type contract, may be defined as handbooks and other with books in six categories: medical, practical works of a technical, scientific, technical, text, trade, paper-bound, and or business nature. Textbooks may be miscellaneous (generally from non-profit defined as educational books, college, ele- publishers). Here the library is not only mentary, and high school textbooks and exposed to the "slip" problem described professional books. Discounts given job- above, but also, in many cases, faces the bers for trade books generally run from "Permanently Out-of-Stock" ploy. This 40% to as high as 60%; for technical latter move may occur when the con- books the discount is generally about tractor receives an order for a book for 32% and for textbooks about 207,. which his discount is so low that he is The significant fact about this arrange- unable to supply the item except at a ment is that there is no way for a li- substantial loss (or if an order to the brarian-especially one ordering from publisher is too troublesome). announcements in PW or LJ or Forth- Another federal contract simply calls cornzng Books-to determine in which for "All Publications of Publishers Listed category the book ordered fits. Thus, he in Publishers Trade List Annual, ex- must take the word of the jobber as to cluding Legal and Medical, and exclu- its category; it is not unheard-of for the sive of Mass-Market Paperback and non- less than impeccable dealer to shift trade profit material of Societies, Associations, and technical books to lower discount kd Institutions." Also excluded from categories on billing. Auditing large this contract are such low discount pub- orders for this type of peccadillo is a lishers as Gale, Engineers Joint Council, Herculean and costly job. One randomly Scarecrow, Special Libraries Association, selected list of ten-that I checked some- Consultants Bureau, Edwards Bros. et time ago-yielded three which had (11. It is interesting to note that this con- "slipped." Only zf publishers could be tract also includes most major English compelled to znsert category of books zn publishers since these firms all have out- LJ and PW at time of first announce- lets based in New York. ment could thzs problem be overcome. A most intriguing contract is one So, you are a Federal librarian, who currently in an experimental state at buys more than $2,500 worth of books a AEC. Among other things it calls for year and thus directed by law, 41 USC the provision of all items at wholesale 252(C)(3), to go to competitive bidding, to the jobber plus a flat figure of less or you are an industrial librarian and the than $2.00. The jobber retains all pub- company president puts everything (in- lisher's invoices available for audit at cluding the daily newspaper) out £01 any time. The profession may hear more bids, what do you do? about this later. There is the all-purpose, everything- Which of these contracts is the "best bid which binds the contractor to supply deal?" Sorry, there is no answer. If one virtually every book a library orders at could discover a well-managed jobber, a flat discount (usually fairly low for a capitalized so high that he could arrange scientific library). This has been used in to have at least five copies of everything the Department of Defense. in-print on hand at all times, with a APRIL 1970 policy of shipment within 48 hours of This means that the publisher has fed receipt of order, we could do our best another batch of sheets to the binder from the point of view of prompt service and, lo, in six weeks to six months, you to the clients of our libraries. As for may receive your book. If one were to straight discount without consideration of assign actual fault for delays, it would service, I suppose the "drop shipper" run like this: would serve best. Most librarians settle 1. Yours for ordering too late; for something in between. 2. The publisher's for not sticking his neck out further; Let Him Without Sin . . . 3. The jobber's, Ditto. A word on behalf of the jobber! Fail- In all seriousness, nearly 100% of all ure to give prompt service is generally long delays, when dealing with a repu- not the fault of the jobber who likes to table jobber, are due to difficulties in the sell as quickly as possible, so he can turn publishing plant. his money over rapidly. First, there are the faults of the librarian! The iobber wants the correct Normal-Schnormal information-no more, no less-author, If you are dissatisfied with your jobber, full title, publisher, date. (For an ob- consider yourself normal. After a num- scure publisher, add the address of the ber of years of exposure to the errors of publisher.) Be cautious when ordering the computer and the humans in his from an advertising flyer. Actual pub- office (they also occur in ours), and after lication date of the book may be months you have been chewed out by your boss away. Remember, too, the mails can be a few times for slow or non-delivery of slow. One jobber, 60 miles from New a vital book, you may think that you York City, surveyed his first-class mail are ready for a divorce. arriving from New York City. It took My own advice is that if you are cer- from one to four working days for a tain your jobber is honest and respon- letter to travel those 60 miles. From sive, keep him. You will not do better Washington, it was one to five days; from elsewhere. Chicago, three to seven. Obviously, it is economical for both you and the vendor Receiued for reuiew Nou 24, 1969. Ac- to order a number of books at one time. cepted for publication Jan 19,1970. Do your bit! Next, there are the faults of the publisher! Remember the publisher may invest about $35,000 on a book without knowing if it will be a "turkey" or a "Portnoy's Complaint." There is a great tendency to be cautious in technical book production so to reduce chances for loss; many publishers bind as few as 500 copies, nearly all of which go out to jobbers on standing orders. These, of course, in many cases are gone in a hurry and your jobber has to report Mr. Bromberg is director of library seru- "Publisher Out of Stock-Indefinite." ices for the U.S. Department of Interior. Development of a National Information System for Physics

Kenneth D. Carroll

American Institute of Physics, New York 10017

A national information system for Abstracts; and in exchange, computer- physics is being developed. It pivots on readable information on non-AIP jour- the design of a new classification system nals is to be obtained from Physics Ab- to be used in conjunction with free-lan- stracts. The computer store contains guage index terms. Author classification, bibliographic information, classification, indexing and abstracting are to be under index terms, citations and possibly ab- the scrutiny of referees and editors. AII' stracts. From this store, published in- journals are to be produced by computer- dexes and bibliographies, copies of com- aided photocomposition. This tape has puter tapes, remote on-line access to the as a by-product the computer input computer store, selective dissemination about AIP-generated physics literature. of information, and demand searches Another by-product is input to Physics can be derived.

NE OF the most frequently dis- The nature and function of the Amer- cussed topics during the past tlec- ican Institute of Physics rather uniquely ade0 has been the explosive growth oE designated it as a logical organization to scientific literature and the vital need develop and manage a National Informa- for improving its organization, accessi- tion System for Physics. AIP is a federa- bility and flow. These needs have pro- tion of the leading American societies in moted the implementation of several physics and astronomy. In addition to effective mission-oriented information serving as the management headquai-- systems by federal agencies. During this ters of these societies, arranging meetings peliotl, the concept that the National and providing educational services to Science Foundation (NSF) would sponsor the physics community, AIP is the larg- the development of non-federal, mainly est single publisher of physics journal discipline-oriented information systems literature in the world. AIP publishes (1) was also strengthened and widely ac- about 85% of the physics journals issued cepted. This concept reflects the philos- in the U.S. This primary publication ophy that the management of informa- program, supplemented with the Insti- tion systems ought to be entrusted to tute's translated journals, accounts for those organizations with professional re- 35% of the world's physics journal lit- sponsibility for furthering the creation erature. In no other discipline is the pub- and dissemination of information (2). lication process similarly concentrated. In addition to its extensive publica- ment of information organization and tion program AIP, with support from dissemination. Dialog with the phjsics NSF, has had a continuing program of community is further aided by mole than studies analyzing the information habits 100 respondents selected by the commit- and needs of physicists (3-6), the com- tees. Respondents were selected to repre- munication channels used by physicists sent all subdisciplines of physics and (7), existing innovative methods -of in- also to be representative members of aca- formation synthesis or "repackaging" (8), demic, governmental and industrial or- and information production, organiza- ganizations. With this extensive network tion and dissemination (9, 10). These for communication, evaluation and studies were preliminaries to efforts to feedback, the division has benefited from establish a National Information System a steady exchange with the cornmunit) for Physics. Research studies continue to during the concept and development examine facets of the physics community, phases of the system. scientific literature and topics closely associated with the development of an Organization of the Literature of Physics effective national information resource and service. The development of this In describing its plans for a future system is the responsibility of the AII' information system for physics (11, 12), Information Division. The division is AIP felt that the crucial considerations were those concerning the flow of infor- divided into three organizational <, units: Information Analysis, Computer Store, mation: what information is channeled and Service Development. A fourth ma- to whom, from which source, according jor area of the project, computer-aided to what criteria, ancl by whose decision. photocomposition of primary physics Since these questions were intimately journals, is conducted externally, on related to the intellectual organization contract. The Information Analysis Sec- of the literature, extensive studies of tion is responsible for the intellectual existing classification systems were per- organization of the literature and the formed (13-21). ItTork was begun on a editing of system publications. The Com- classification scheme that would meet puter -store section is responsible for the requirements for a national sjsteni the input and maintenance of the in- devoted to the discipline of physics. An formation store as well as general pro- early faceted classification scheme (22) gramming. The Service ~evelo~k~entwas expanded and refined into a five- Section conducts investigations of vari- faceted classification scheme. This classi- ous aspects of the physics community fication was tested by the system staff, by AIP editors and by the staff of Phys- the "peneration and utilization of information, maintains liaison with system ics Abstracts. Two goals of the system users, does long-range planning, and are: product design. I. To provide authors with a classifica- The AIP Advisory Committee on the tion scheme which can readily be Information Program was established used by them to classify their papers to serve as a guide and voice for the at the time that manuscripts are 53,000 physicists who are members of submitted, and the societies affiliated with the Institute. 2. Toprovide concurrently a classifica- To ensure practitioner interaction with tion that can easily be manipulated the development of the system and serv- by the computer to produce indexes, ices, three subcommittees were formed subject searches and similar services. by the Advisory Committee. Each sub- committee has been so structured that Therefore, after extensive evaluation and its members are leaders in various sub- testing, it was decided that a less com- disciplines of physics; that they are rep- plicated classification could better meet resentative of scientific societies: and that these goals. In Nov 1968, the five-faceted they are each interested in the improve- classification was revised to two lists of terms and a list of facet (role) indicators Articles in the primary AIP jour- for each list of terms. The first list of nals are classified and assigned de- terms describes 250 objects arranged in scriptors by system staff. a multilevel hierarchy. The second list Bibliographic data, classification, of terms describes 135 phenomena also and descriptors are keyboarded and arranged in a multilevel hierarchy. A entered into a pilot store for test list of facet indicators is given for each print-outs by computer. list of terms to describe the roles which Editors of Physics A bstrarts are clas- are played by the object or the phenome- sifying an issue of their publication non. A classification number is con- using the AIP classification and structed by choosing the appropriate reporting their evaluation. facet indicators and by attaching them to Randomly selected research articles stiings of numbers selected from the ap- are being classified by different propriate lists of terms for the objects groups of graduate physics students. ant1 phenomena. Characteristics of the These efforts will be statistically ana- present classification may be summar- lyzed and reported. i~edas: When a searchable, classified store is

0 A "neutral" matrix. The terms used available, the store will be queried to are such that the classificatiorl is test the effectiveness o'f the classification not weighted in favor of any sub- as an access route for the production of discipline. Physicists as well as sci- indexes, literature searches, profile entists in other disciplines who re- matches for SDI, and other services such quire physics information can read- as a current awareness journal. Results ily use the classification for either of these evaluations, and others which input or retrieval. may be performed by advisory groups, Accessible across subdisciplines. In- will be used to prepare the operative formation is so organized in the classification of the system, and its moni- current classification that require- toring. ments of any subdiscipline can be With the implementation of the oper- be met. The system contains thc ative classification, a concerted effort will inherent potential for subdivision be made to have authors who submit into several smaller systems, each papers for publication to assign the clas- capable of use for a different sub- sification numbers and descriptors to discipline of physics. their papers before publication. We real- Convenient to use. There are only ize that this will require a lengthy edu- two lists to peruse. Although most cational and transitional period; how- of the terms used in the earlier five- ever, it is a change which will be faceted classification have been re- attempted over a reasonable period. The tained, and others added as dictated possibility of the classification of manu- by experience gained in testing, the scripts before publication is enhanced two lists ale easier to use than five. because of the Institute's unique posi- Multi-utility for retrieval. The avail- tion as the major publisher of physics able depth of hierarchy is unlim- information as well as the developer ited. Further, additions and dele- and operator of a national physics infor- tions may be implemented without mation system. This unique feature of perturbing other parts of the classi- the AIP as both publisher and operator fitation than the immediate terms of the information system benefits the aff ectetl. community in other ways. The most striking benefit of this dual role will be At present the classification is being the announcement of new publications. tested and evaluated in five ways: If we accept the time required before I. AIP journal editors are using the author classification can be realized, the lists to classify journal articles on time lag in announcement of research a test basis. literature can still be effectively reduced. 173 During the transition stage, the system be resolved due to the nature of the text staff will assign classification and de- of physics research articles. The charac- scriptors to articles while these manu- ter set required for AIP journals is ap scripts are in galley proof. Galleys will proximately 1,200 characters. For other be returned to the publication work journals (even other journals of a techni- flow without a delay of that function. At cal nature) a character set of 800 charac- the page proof stage, page proofs will ters is ample. A fundamental requirement be sent to the system staff as well as to in this project is that the tapes generated journal editors. The keyboarding for in- in photocomposition keyboarding be put to the information store will be at suitable for computer search programs the page proof stage of publication. and generating typical print-outs re- Thus, announcements of new research quired by the system. Considerable prog- can be made at about the same time that ress has been made although numerous the journal text is available. This expe- problems remain for solution prior to ditious announcement by the system will complete capability to photocompose all also speed announcement in secondary AIP journals. publications, such as Physics Abstracts, The benefits from s~~ccessfulphoto- since input tapes will be exchanged with composition of physics journals will be secondary publications thus eliminating numerous. For example, a single key- delays due to repeated keyboarding. boarding will furnish: Bibliographic tape, with or without Photocomposition abstracts, for input to the store. Rather than examining the flow of Magnetic tapes for exchange with documents through the keyboarding and other societies and publishers, expe- magnetic tape production, a more diting broadcast dissemination while unique featu~e01 the system warrants reducing keyboarding and related consideration. Utili~ingbasic computer- efforts on the part of the recipient. aided photocomposition capabilities, AIP High speed computer generation of is undertaking the computer-aided photo- microcopy of either journal text composition of its journals. The magni- or bibliographic data and abstract. tude of this undertaking may be better Additional editorial benefits are ex- appreciated if one remembers that 85% pected, but since these do not relate di- of the total U.S. physics journal litera- rectly to the system, these are bypassed ture is involved. From Table 1 it can here. be seen that, while the membership of AIP is about one-third that of the Amer- ican Chemical Society (ACS) or the Insti- Input to Information Store tute of Electrical and Electronic Engi- New literature enters the store from neers (IEEE), AIP publishes more pages three major routes: than both societies combined. I) Photocomposition of journals, 2) Journals printed by conventional Table 1. 1968 Membership and Journal Data methods, and AIP ACS IEEE 3) Tapes received by exchange from ,- ,- - - Members 48,683 126,269 186,298 other publishers or societies. Publications This input flow is shown in Fig. 1. From Primary Journals 20 20 36 this figure it can be seen that input to Translated Journals 14 0 7 the store is made in different ways that Editoria.1 Pages depend on the type of media received: Primary Journals 65,887 40,225 23,759 26,065 0 9,979 Translated Journals I) AIP journals, printed in the con- In addition to the volume of literature ventional manner, are keyboarded involved, there are special problems to at page proof stage. A1 P NON-AIP PHOTOCOMPOSITION CONVENTIONAL PUBLICATION PHOTOCOMPOSITION

Fig. 1. AIP Information Store Input.

2) Publications of other publishers are publishers and information system op- keyboarded after classification. erators. The unit record (Table 2) has 3) Magnetic tapes with bibliographic been established to attain maximum data, either generated as a by- compatibility with other systems as well product of the photocomposition of as flexibility. AIP journals or received from other In examining the physics journal lit- information sources, are processed erature, it was found that physics re- through an edit and conversion pro- search literature was concentrated in gram, and then entered to the store. far fewer journals than other disciplines. For example, to input 50'% of the world's The AIP tape format was established journal literature in physics, only 23 after consultations with other societies, titles need to be reviewed. For similar Fig. 2. Distribution of Scientists in Selected Fig. 3. Distribution of Scientists in Selected Disciplines by Principal Work Activity. Disciplines by Type of Employer.

reporting of 50% of the research articles chemists (Fig. 2). The physicist is more in chemistry, 275 journal titles would be apt to be in research and development required. AIP has projected an input than in management and production for 1970 of approximately 26,000 articles; (Fig. 3). this represents 48% of the world's phys- The organizational affiliation and lo- ics journal literature. cation of authors who contribute to physics journals were studied. These findings generally supported the distribution of Users & Services physicists by type of activity in that edu- After a central information store has cational organizations accounted for 60y0 been established, what services are to of the published papers. The most pro- be available? How can one identify the ductive states are California, New York, potential users of the system? New Jersey, Massachusetts and Illinois. The National Register of Scientific while the operating structure of the ctnd Technical Personnel, 1968 (23) was AIP information system has not yet been examined to determine where physicists specified, service to these centers of are employed and their types of work population and productivity will be a activity. It was found that physicists are prime consideration. Division of the employed in academia more than the United States into regional areas based average for the total scientists; however, on these studies is in Fig. 4. physicists are not as widely found in Services to be offered are planned in academia as biologists or economists, and three stages. As services of one stage are less industrially employed than evolve from pilot production and field

Table 2. Unit Record for Items in the Information Store

1. Article Identifier: 9. Citations to Journals: Coden Author Volume & Issue Coden Pages Volume (Year) Page 2. Title Date 3. Author(,) 10. Citations to Other Literature: 4. Affiliation($ A&r Title 5. Classification Numbers Publisher's Name 6. Free Language Descriptors Publisher's Location 7. Abstracts Publication Date 8. Other Elements (language, type of article, etc.) Page Number Fig. 4. Regional Service Areas Based on Sampling of Journal Articles.

JOURNAL ARTICLES PUBLISHED BY AREAS With a continuing interaction with the Total physics community by means of the vari- Area- --Papers Education Government Industry ous advisory committees and respond- 1 490 359 60 7 1 ents, and through active participation 2 927 452 152 323 in such national groups as SATCOxI, 3 474 332 5 137 COSATI and NSF/\IC, the AIP National 4 296 132 152 12 Information System for Physics will be responsive to information requirements of the physicist. Through international exchange, the physics research literature of the world will be intellectually organized and disseminated in a more ex- peditious manner vza information tools and channels that are developed in con- cert with the users of the system. testing to full production, services for the next stage are being completed and pilot production begun. Services are de- Literature Cited signed to meet the needs of both the 1. The President's Scientific Advisory Com- individual physicist as well as organiza- mittee / Science, Government and In- tional groups. In the first stage, for ex- formation. IVashington, D.C., The M7hite ample, a current awareness journal and House, Jan 1963. selected subject bibliographies are 2. Committee on Scientific and Technical planned for the individual. Search tapes Communication / Scientijic and Techni- cal Communication. . . . U'ashington, offered would be to organizational sub- D.C., National Academy of Sciences, scribers. The services output from the 1969. (Draft) store are shown in Fig. 5; dashed lines 3. Slater, M. and Keenan, S. / Results oj delineate services of the three stages of Questionnaire on Current Awareness the system. ~Vlethods Used by Physicists Prior to I STAGE I STAGE I1 STAGE Ill Fig. 5. AIP Information Store Output.

Publication of Current Papers in Phys- AIP Information Program Staff / Tech- ics. Amer. Inst. Phys., Rept. AIP/CPP-I niques for Publication and Distribution (Sep 1967) PB 178 368. of Information. In Annual Review In- Slater, XI. and Keenan, S. / Current Pa- formation Science Technology 2:339-384 pers in Physics User Study: Coverage (1967); also available as AIP Rept. ID Arran.gement and Format. Amer. Inst. 68-8. phys.,"~ept. AIPICPP-2 (Jul 1968) PB Alt, F. L. and Ilerschman, A. / Plan5 179 677. for a h'ational Physics Information Sys- Slater, &I. and Keenan, S. / Use Made tem. Amer. Inst. Phys., Rept. ID 68-6; of Current Papers in Physics. Amer. Inst. PB 178 645. Phys., Rept. AIP/CPP-3 (Jul 1968) PB Koch, H. W. / A National Information 179 678. System for Physics. Physics Today Keenan, S. and Slater, M. / Current 21:41-49 (Apr 1968) Awareness Needs of Physicists: Results Freeman, R. K. / Research Project for of an Anglo-American Study. J. DOCU- the Evaluation of the UDC as the In- mentation 24:98-106 (1968); also avail- dexing Language for a Mechanized Ref- able as AIP Rept. ID 68-11. erence Retrieval System: An Introduc- Libbey, Miles and Zaltman, G. / The tion. Amer. Inst. Phys., Rept. AIP/DRP Role and Distribution of Written Infor- UDC-1 (Oct 1965) PB 168 885. mal Comnzunication in Theoretical High Freeman, R. R. Research Project for Energy Physics. Amer. Inst. Phys., Rept. the Evaluation of the UDC as the Index- AIPJSDD-I (Aug 1967) ing Language for a Mechanized Refer- Cooper, M. / Current Information Dis- ence Retrieval System: Progress Report semination Ideas and Practices. J. Chem. for the Period July 1, 1965-Januury 31, Doc. 8:207-218 (Nov 1968); also avail- 1966. Amer. Inst. Phys., Rep. AIP/DRP able as AIP Rept. ID 68-15. UDC-2 (Feb 1966). PB 170 436. Keenan, S. / Abstracting and Indexing Freeman, R. R. / Modern Approaches Services in the Physical Sciences. Library to the Management of a Classification. Trends 16:329-336 (Jan 1968); also Amer. Inst. Phys., Rept. AIP/UDC-3 available as AIP Rept. ID 68-7. (Oct 1966) 16. Russell, M. and Freeman, R. R. / Com- Scheme for Physics. Amer. Inst. Phys., puter-Aided Indexing of a Scientific Ab- Rept. IARD 67-2 (Oct 1967) PB 178 stracts Journal by the UDC with UNI- 745. DEK: A Case Study. Amer. Inst. Phys., 23. National Register of Scientific and Tech- Rept. AIP/UDC-4 (Apr 1967) PB 175 nical Personnel, 1968. Washington, D.C., 926. National Science Foundation, 1968. [Also 17. Freeman, R. R. and Atherton, P. / File in Reviews of Data on Science Resources, Organization and Search Strategy Using National Science Foundation, no. 16 the Universal Decimal Classification in (Dec 1968) Washington, D.C., NSF 69-5.1 Mechanized Reference Retrieval Systems. Amer. Inst. Phys., Rept. AIP/UDC-5 NOTE: All AIP reports are available from (Sep 1967) PB 176 152. either AIP or the Clearinghouse for Techni- 18. Freeman, R. R. / Evaluation of the Re- cal and Scientific Information, Springfield, trieval of Metallurgical Document Ref- Va. erences Using the Universal Decimal Classification in a Computer-Based Sys- Received for review Apr 1, 1969. Revised tem. Amer. Inst. Phys., Rept. AIPi manuscript accepted for publication Jon UDC-6 (Apr 1968) PB 179 637. 15,1970. 19. Freeman, R. R. and Atherton, P. / AU- DACIOUS-An Experiment with an On-Line Interactive Reference Retrieval Presented as part of a panel report on System Using the Universal Decimal Clas- Information Systems: National and In- sification as the Index Language in the ternational on Jun 2, 1969 during SLA's Field of Nuclear Science. Amer. Inst. 60th Annual Conference in Montreal. Phys., Rept. AIPIUDC-7 (Apr 1968) The program was jointly sponsored by PB 178 374. the Acl-ospace, Documentation, Engi- 20. Atherton, P., King, D. W. and Freeman, neering, Metalslhfaterials, Natural Re- R. R. / Evaluation of the Retrieval of sources, and Nuclear Science Divisions. Nuclear Science Document Reference Using the Universal Decimal Classifica- tion in a Computer-Based System. Amer. Inst. Phys., Rept. AIP/UDC-8 (May 1968) PB 179 679. 21. Freeman, R. R. and Atherton, P. / Final Report of the Research Project for the Evaluation of the UDC as the Intlexzng Language for a Mechanized Reference Retrieval System. Amer. Inst. Phys., Rept. AIP/UDC-9 (May 1968) 22. IARD Staff / A Faceted Classification Map Collection Prepares to Automate The U.S. Army Topographic Command Library

Mary Murphy

U.S. Army Topographic Command, Information Resources Division, Topographic Data Center, Washington, D.C. 20315

drographic Conference (3), and the In- Description of the present cataloging ternational Cartographic Association (4) systems for maps, books, documents, and -to name only a few-have published map reproduction materials in the In- papers in the last few years on various aspects of automation and maps. formation Resources Division of the U.S. In the United States there is, of course, Army Topographic Command, formerly a great deal of activity and interest in the Army Map Service Library; reorgan- automation of map libraries. In Nov ization on the basis of function rather 1968, a conference on Automation in than type of material; plans and prepara- Federal Map Libraries was held at the tion for a single automated system in Library of Congress. Of most probable which format or type of material is interest is the progress being made on the subordinate to content. In conclusion, Automation Project in LC's Geography several recommendations are made for and Map Division where the MARC 11 any library considering automation. format is being adapted to catalog single maps. The U.S. Army Topographic Com- mand has been working for several years ATIONAL and international con- on preparations to automate its library. N ferences of librarians, information Various phases of the program have scientists, cartographers, hydrographers, reached different stages of development. geodesists and geographers are devoting This report is a brief review of the pro- more and more time to the problems of cedures we are following and the kinds how to make the rapidly expanding of problems we have encountered in lay- quantities of information in the fields of ing the foundations for automation. geography, geodesy, and cartography The Army Map Service (now TOPOCOM) more readily available. Many recent dis- Library was developed through the years cussions have been devoted specifically to from a relatively small collection of maps maps, both to the use of computers in the to an organization with a staff of about production of maps and to the handling 150, a collection of more than 1% mil- of them in libraries or map collections. lion maps, one million pieces of film (re- The British Cartographic Society (I), production material or "repromat" some- the Soviet All-Union Conference on times referred to as manuscript), 120,000 Automation and Mechanization of Car- books and periodicals, and about 30,000 tography (2), the Ninth International Hy- documents. The library was structured along classi- tabulation of repromat material and cal lines based primarily on the types of monthly supplements are prepared. The material handled. There were four dis- information shown for each sheet of tinct libraries: the Map Library itself, repromat material includes the series Repromat Library, Book Library, and and sheet number, agency, the number Document Library--each with its own and kinds of film, date and edition. In system. Although the four libraries were addition to the tape there is a file of under a common administration, and al- 5" ,X . 8" cards which serve as a manual though acquisition and interlibrary loan index to the files and as a circulation functions involved all types of material, record (Fig. 2). there was very little interface among the The Book Library followed traditional four collections. cataloging rules, using LC classification Each "library" had its own cataloging and subject headings with some modifica- system. The Map Library which used tions. EAM equipment) had developed a The Document Library had developed punched card system based on the Wil- an entirely separate system using a 3" X liams System (5, 6) (designed in 1929 for 5" form card (Fig. 3). The subject head- the War Department General Staff Map ing numbers were taken from the Intelli- Collection which in 1942 became the gence Subject Code (11). This is a six- Army Map Service Library). The Wil- digit code made up of a single-digit for liams System originally used a 4" x 6" chapter number, a two-digit number for card with printed headings (Fig. 1). A majbr subject class and a threedigit sub- master card was typed and then run ject subdivision within each class. The through a duplicating machine using dif- seven chapters are: Politics; Social and ferent colored card stocks to produce Cultural Forces: Science and Technol- cards for the various files: ~ekra~hicogy; Commerce, Industry, and Finance; Area, Subject, Scale, Date, Special Num- Transportation and Communications; ber, Authority, Source, M.I.D. No., Ob- Commodities and Weapons; and Armed solete Number, and Daily Record. Forces. It'hen the files were converted to Rem- A Duplimat master is prepared by the ington Rand 90-column punched cards cataloger and reproduced on pre-printed in 1945, the same basic system was fol- card stock, eiaht cards to a sheet. The lowed, but some of the written informa- cards are cut apart and are filed in tion such as geographic area and author- separate files by AMS number, geographic ity were converted to numeric or area and subject, source or originator, alphanumeric codes. The 30 subject report number, title (if distinctive), and numbers (often referred to as the Wil- szcurity classification. liams Classification) that Williams had The four libraries were physically sep- used only in the call number for filing arated from each other and also separate maps were now used without the written from the Interlibrary Loan Section in headings. Other elements such as date the Services Branch. Each had its own re- and scale were already numeric (7-10). ceiving procedures, its own catalogers The Repromat Library is a file of and cart1 files, its own charge-out system, reprocluction materials (facsimiles of its own reference personnel, and issued map sheets on stable base materials). For its own accessions list. The Army Map each map sheet the repromat material Service Library had official responsibility consists of a set of "pulls" or photo- for topographic maps and related data graphic films, one for each color that ap- for Don. The relationship of the related pears on the map. The printing plates data to the maps had ndt been empha- are made from these pulls. The files are sized. Although the whole field of topo- arranged by series and sheet numbers. graphic mapping covers a wide range of The records were originally on 90-col- related subjects, nevertheless in the umn punched cards but are now on mag- whole field of knowledge, it is a rather netic tape. From this tape a semi-annual specific sphere. All the information in Outhe of Title

Country Fig. 1. Williams Authorfly Old F~leNo System Card (4" X 6")

Shows

Source Recewed

Sheets Coves Total Sheets

Remarks iDate of Survey ,.--. \ Comp~leror Publsher

REPROMAT CONTROL RECORD

SERIES SHEET 110 NAME I I SCALE COUNTRY EDITION DATE I I I SETS RECEIVED DATE NEG POS OTHER SOURCE

REMARKS

DATE OUT P 0 NUMBER UNIT INITIALS DATE IN INITIALS

~~~~~~ -

Fig. 2. Repromat Control Record (5" X 8")

the AMS Library was more or less directly related to that sphere. We had learned through experience that, although a user sometimes wanted a specific kind of material (such as a map or a technical report), more often his requirement was for all the information- graphic or textual-available on a gee graphic area or a particular subject. Yet in order to get information or materials on one subject, a researcher had to go to the Book L~%rary, Document Library, Map Lixrary, and Interlibrary Loan Fig. 3. Document Catalog Card (3" X 5") section. In addition to the inconvenience to culminated in the preparation of a com- the users, such compartmentalization bined subject code and alphabetical in- fostered specialization of the library dex based on the headings then in use staff and inhibited flexibility. It was dif- for cataloging maps, books, and docu- ficult, if not impossible, to transfer per- ments. By March, basic agreement had sonnel from one library branch to an- been reached on rules for establishing other. Not only was super-specialization authorities. In April, a tentative data developed on the job, for example, map sheet was ready for testing. By May, catalogers, book catalogers, and docu- tentative plans had been drawn up for ment catalogers were familiar with en- automation and reorganization of the Li- tirely different systems and procedures, brary Division. but there were several different Civil In Jun 1966, a contract was awarded to Service Series Classifications represented North American Aviation Corporation, on the Library Division Staff. Librarians, now North American Rockwell (NAR), to Intelligence Specialists, and Translators analyze all mapping, charting, and geo- were not interchangeable. In place of one detic activities of the Department of the rather extensive career ladder, there were Army and to design a total ADP system to several rather limited ladders-all mutu- be coordinated with other AI)P systems of ally exclusive. the Department of Defense. Representatives of NAR studied all Who Doesn't Have a Complex Problem? phases of our library operations. They Or Its Solution? frequently sat in on library committee meetings concerned with data elements, As the library grew larger and more card formats, etc. and acted in an advis- complex, the problems also increased. ory capacity. The library committee The time and attention of the library ad- would indicate what characteristics were ministrators were turned toward solving absolutely essential to carry out our mis- these problems. They felt that a more sion a& functions. he contractor efficient organization could be developed would indicate what additional features if the library were reorganized on func- could be provided and which desirable tional lines, with all related activities but not essential features could be added coordinated and if a single system were easily to the system, and which would be developed that could be applied to maps, too cumbersome or too expensive to be books, and documents. The application practical at the present time. of automation to library operations had To implement a single system in which been developed by this time to a point format or type of material would be that indicated it might be a help in de- subordinate to content, the whole con- veloping a unified system. cept and structure of the library had to Early in 1965, several library commit- be changed. The trend in DoD and, in- tees were appointed-ach one represent- deed, in the government as a whole, had ing several branches of the library, dif- been toward specialization. No one or- ferent points of view, and a total of 70- ganization couid hope to keep up with 80 man-years of professional experi- the rapidly increasing masses of informa- ence. Functions, procedures, materials, tion in more than a relatively narrow and files of all elements of the library field. This trend toward specialization were analyzed in detail with a dual has led to a need for subject specialists purpose: 1) to recommend an improved in the library field, and to the establish- organizational structure, and 2) to deter- ment of information centers in place of mine whether a single automated system or in addition to traditional libraries. could be developed that might pro- The Civil Service Commission series for vide the answers to many of the perplex- professional librarians makes no provision ing questions that were becoming more for automation. Computer specialists and urgent every day. programmers as well as systems analysts are In Feb 1966, one series of meetings in an ADP series; but any library developing MAP SERVICE LIBRARY DIVISION

MAP AND BOOK COLLECTION SERVICES MANUSCRIPT DOCUMENT AND PERIODICAL BRANCH BRANCH BRANCH BRANCH HEADQUARTERS HEADQUARTERS HEADQUARTERS

rFCRTALOGING REFERENCE j~1/~1~1Hrig,"&ASIA AND PACIFIC EUz:kFD Y*llPERIODICALS Y*/l CIRCULATION

Fig. 4. U.S. Army Map Service Library. Organization Chart (before May 1968)

ADP operations needs qualified personnel In addition, the traditional library versed in a combination of library science, functions such as cataloging and classi- information science, and ADP. In addition, fication are changing. We are not con- the special librarian also needs some subject cerned so much with accurate biblio matter knowledge. Fortunately the Civil graphic descriptions of books and maps. Service Commission has created the Techni- cal Information Specialist Series, which We are concerned with analyzing any bridges the gap between the professional li- sources of map-related data and making brarian and the subject specialist on the one axailable to our users the information hand and the ADP specialist on the other. that is of specific interest to them. Converting all the professional staff of our The changes in concepts and functions library to the Technical Information Spe- of the Army Slap Service Library are cialist Series seemed to offer a solution to reflected in its reorganization which ac- the problems of inflexibility and stunted tually took place in May 1968 (Figs. 4-5). career ladders. The name has been changed to Informa- The question arose then: If there were tion Resources Division, and the struc- no more librarians, would there be a li- ture, with one exception, is based on brary? The answer to that is Yes and No. function. The exception is the Repromat Neif library means the classical li- Section which is still responsible for all brary that had been the only kind of li- functions connected with reproduction brary in the past. Yes-if library is materials. considered as a broad term to cover all The Collection Branch continues to types of collections of information. Ac- handle all acquisition functions, but the tually some people, such as Mr. Skelton receiving function previously performed of the British Museum, object to using in the Collection Branch has been com- the term library at all in connection with bined with the receiving functions from maps. They feel that library implies a the Book Library, the Document Library, collection of books, and that a map "li- the Map Library, and the Interlibrary brary" should be called a map collection. Loan Section, and assigned to the Data Certainly at TOPOCOM the emphasis is not Records Unit in the Services Section. on books. Emphasis is on maps and re- Separate cataloging systems are con- lated data. The related data can be in tinuing temporarily for maps, books, and the form of books, but it may also be in documents, but all cataloging is now the form of journal articles, documents, done in the Analysis Branch, and all the photographs, and any other information cards for unclassified maps, books, and media. periodicals are now in one room. TOPOCOM INFORMATION RESOURCES

SECTION SECTION

I I 1

MAP MOUNTING OAT1 RECORDS MATERIALS GRAPHICS UNIT "NIT UNIT UNIT

Fig. 5. U.S. Army Topographic Command, Information Resources Division. Organization Chart (after May 1968)

A single loan record has replaced the on a map card and the "source" on a three circulation forms previously in use, document. and all circulation, filing, and shelving Subject headings, geographic areas, are the responsibility of one element in and authorities or organizational entities the Services Section. are three of the major data fields that re- All reference services have been com- quired coordination and coding. Subject bined with the interlibrary loan function headings and geographic areas have been and are handled by the Information Sec- developed as two parts of a common tion. The changes that have already thesaurus with a common program which taken place and the service projected for is now on magnetic tape. A print-out the future are illustrated in Figs. 6-8. can be produced in either an alphabeti- Key personnel from the Library or cal or hierarchical arrangement. In the Information Resources Division have alphabetical print-out each heading is been working with the contractor for followed by its broader term, narrower several years on the details of the new terms and related terms if any. Defini- system. Specific codes had to be consid- tions or scope notes are included in many ered and in many cases developed for cases. each data element. The present TOPOCOM code for map In designing a data sheet to be used in authorities will be used for all organiza- providing input to the new system, it was tional entities. Rules for establishing first necessary to decide what data fields authorities (12) have been written, but were needed and to define each field. In will be expanded to include rules for examining the cataloging systems for individual authors, whose names will not maps, books, and documents, we found be coded. amazingly few data elements that were Far more difficult to resolve than the unique to only one type of material. question of what data elements were There were some differences in essential needed was the problem of how the vari- elements especially between maps and ous elements should be arranged on the texts. There were also some differences in data sheet and in the card files. At first we terminology for the same concept. For attempted to group the elements com- example, the "author entry" on a book mon to all types of material at the begin- card was equivalent to the "authority" ning of the data sheet, and to put the UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED MAP FILES - MAP CHARGE OESK

CHARGE DESK

PERIODICAL - PERIODICAL CHARGE OESK

USER USER

CHARGE DESK

INTERLIBRARY LOAN SECTION INTERLIBRARY LIBRARIES CHARGE DESK

Fig. 6. User Contact with AMS Library

UNCLASSIFIED MAP FILES UNCLASSIFIED

CHARGE DESK

CLASSIFIED MAPS & ALL PUBLICATIONS CHARGE OESK

- INFORMATION USER SECTION

INTERLIBRARY LOAN CHARGE DESK

OTHER LIBRARIES

CHARGE OESK REPROMAT FILES

Fig. 7. User Contact with TOPOCOM/IRD Today

INFORMATION USER - - CONSOLE - TAPE PRINT-OUTS - USER SECTION

Fig. 8. User Contact with TOPOCOMIIRD in the Future 186 SPECIAL LIBRARIES fields applicable to only one type of data fields were grouped according to material at the end. This proved imprac- whether they are applicable to groups of tical. There was a tendency at first to be material or to individual items. The up- unduly influenced by punch card for- per portion of the data sheet that finally mats and their limitations. evolved (Fig. 9) contains what we call the Eventually, the fields were grouped by master data fields. These are the elements a combination of criteria: first the im- that are generally common to all sheets portance of the field to TOPOCOM, which of a map series, all volumes of a series of resulted in putting geographic area and reports, all issues of a periodical, all subject as the primary fields. Secondly, editions of a monograph, etc. The master

record type I control number 1 ID numbef I rel. rccord 1 form 1@02@1 I I I I I @ow 1 I I I 1 1 I [ @05@ I1 geographic area (lefl justify) @06@ I LK 10-CI\ I #ILK]0 l\l I LKI 0 I\ I I

I lllll IlIllllJllllllllllll subject (left justify) @08@ I LK 0 \I ILKO "\I I LK O \I #ILK O \I r l

language 1 frcgU-7 @14@ IIIIIIII~Ig15@ 1 call number Irec, classif. $16@ 11111111111111111111111111@17@I ,tern numbcr ar name I

Fig. 9. Catalog Data Sheet data elements are the geographic area, than a specific number, this will be in- urban area, subject, scale, series or special dicated so the query can be modified. If number, organi-zational entity or aithor, the number is not too high, the records title, language, frequency, control num- will be printed out in a predetermined ber, and form (Data Fields 1-17). format. The lower part of the data sheet and North American Rockwell's contract card will be for specific information on was renewed to Oct 1969. At that time a each item, that is, each map sheet, indi- detailed report (13) was submitted defin- vidual book, periodical issue, etc. Item ing and describing all data elements, information will include such data ele- inputs, outputs, files, logic, and conver- ments as ID (for identification) number, sion tables for the new system, and item number or name, date, edition, recommending a pilot test using a 10% .r paging, inclosures, geographic coordi- sample of the holdings in order to evalu- nates, security and control, type of re- ate the design of the system and confirm production, number of copies, file loca- it as operational or modify it before con- tion, etc. (Data Fields 18-40). The verting the entire Topographic Com- control and ID number will appear on mand Collection. each piece of material. The condnum- ber will apply to all parts of a series. Conclusions The control and ID number together will provide a unique identification of 1. A thorough detailed analysis of each item in the collection. every procedure in the present system in- In addition to specific data elements cluding the reason for every action, its and their arrangement on the card, it was present importance and probable con- necessary to decide what kinds of card tinued importance is essential in order files, accessions list, query responses, and to make an efficient evaluation of the other possible outputs would be needed. system and to determine whether auto- A 5" X 8" card to be computer gener- mation is desirable. If the decision is ated was designed. The appropriate made to automate, the analysis will help heading for each file will be added at the to achiele an effective automated system. top of the card. The same format can If the decision is not to automate, the be used for text; for example, an issue analysis may suggest improvements in of a periodical. the manual system. In most instances where information is 2. The mission and functions of the coded, the code is given on the card in library should be considered. If the pres- parentheses and is followed by the head- ent procedures are satisfying the require- ing in clear text. In some files only ments, there may be no advantage to master information will be shown; in automating. Factors to be considered are others each individual item will be de- the degree to which the present sys- scribed. The codes used in these samples tem is satisfying the requirements; the additional accomplishments, if any, to be are not necessarily authentic. achieved by automation; the extent to The design logic and flow charts for which these added benefits would justify computer operations are available in the the extra costs inherent in automating; TOPOCOM Library. These charts include and whether a computer is already avail- Area-Subject cards, Control-ID, Organ- able for library use. izational Entity-Author, Urban Area, 3. Cooperation between librarians and Scale, Special Number, and Title. systems analysts familiar with "hard- Specific queries will probably be an- ware" and "software" will probably pro- swered from the card files. For general duce a better system than one designed queries, the requester will be able to ask by a computer specialist who is not famil- for either master or item information ar- iar with the library-or a librarian who ranged in a variety of ways. If the num- is not familiar with computers. ber of responses to any query is greater 4. As much flexibility as can be built into a system without making the costs Literature Cited prohibitive should be provided to take 1. Proceedings of the Symposium of the care of the changes that will almost British Cartographic Society. University inevitably have to be made when the College of Swansea, 17-19 Sep 1965. system is in operation and to prepare for Cartographic Journal 3. (no. 1) (Jun future developments. 1966) p.9-13. 5. Procedures, codes, input forms, pro- 2. All-Union Conference on Automation grams, etc. should be tested as they are and Mechanization in Cartography. Geodesy and Aerophotography Engl. ed. developed. Sample outputs should be (no. 4, 1967) p.244-256 (Apr 1968). prepared, preferably by the personnel 3. Moitoret, Capt. V. A. and Johnson, Nor- who will be operating the system. All li- man E. / Automation of Hydrographic brary elements concerned, especially cat- Source Data. International Hydrographic aloging and reference personnel, should Review 45: (no. 1) p.7-20 (Jan 1968). have an opportunity to evaluate the out- 4. International Cartographic Association. puts and add the benefit of their knowl- Meeting of Commission 111. Surveying edge and experience to the development and ~appin~38: (no. 3) p.493-94 (~ep of the system. 1968). 6. As a new system is developed it 5.*~er;ell, Lt.Col. J. P. The Williams Sys- tem of Classification, Cataloging, Zndex- should be completely documented. De- ing, Filing, and Care of Maps as Adopted cisions should be recorded and dated as for the General Staff Map Collection. 2d they are made. Terms should be defined. ed. Washington, 1930. 26p. Specific instructions should be written 6. Murphy, Mary / The Army Map Service for both the cataloger and the computer. Library-Map Cataloging. Special Librar- An alphabeticxl index to any non-alpha- ies 36: (no. 5) p.157-59 (May/ Jun 1945) betical data code makes it easier to use 7.*U.S. Army Map Service Library. Guide to and may reveal duplications. the Williams System Map and Engineer 7. Designing an automated library sys- Plan Subject Classification and Catalog- ing in Use at Map Library, The Army tem and putting it into operation is Map Sewice. revd. Feb 1952. (Washing- likely to take more time, money, and ton, D.C.) 49p. mimeographed. personnel than anticipated. When such &*Guide to the AMS Library Map Subject a system is developed, it is usually a long- Classification System (revd. Jan 1960) 65p. range project, and if it is worth doing, it 9.*U.S. Army Map Service. Library Division. is worth doing well enough to achieve Guide to the Map Accessions List. Wash- the best system possible. ington, D.C., 1964. 18p. 1O.W.S. Army Map Service. Library Division. Automation of a Map Library Part I. Sep 1966; Part 11. Nov 1967. 11. United States Intelligence Board. Com- mittee on Documentation. Intelligence Subject Code and Area Classification Code. 4th ed. Mar 1967, v.p. 12.*U.S. Army Topographic Command. In- formation Resources Division. Rules for Establishing Authorities. revd. Aug 1968. 22p. 13. North American Rockwell Information Systems Company. Topographic Data Li- Presented at (1 Workshop for Map Li- brary System (DACA 71-69-C-0106) 15 brarians sponsored by the Geography Oct 1969, Washhgton, D.C. v.p. and Map Division on Jun 3, 1969 during * Unpublished papers available in the TOPOCOM SLA's 60th Annual Conference in Mon- Library. treal. Miss Murphy is chief of the Znfor- mation Section, Information Resources Received for review Jul 28, 1969. Re- Division, US. Army Topographic Com- vised manuscript accepted for publica- mand. tion Feb 20,1970. MARC Tape as a Selection Tool in the Medical Library

Dohn H. Martin

Washington University, School of Medicine Library, St. Louis, Missouri

A research project is described for de- pared to a mechanized system which per- termining if the Library of Congress forms the same task using the MARC tape. MARC tape can be used economically as The unit costs of the two systems are a selection tool. A manual system for compared in order to answer the ques- searching LC proofslips and preparing tion of the economy of using the MARC purchase orders is described and com- tape as a selection tool.

NTIL quite recently acquisitions li- of Medicine at Harvard and the Yale u brarians in medical libraries have Medical Library, have been experiment- assumed that mechanized procedures are ing with applications of the MARC tape limited to generating purchase orders, ac- in acquisitions, the Library of Congress quisitions records, and fiscal reports. It has reported that costs have been difficult seemed too much to ask of the state-of-the- to determine (I). Determining costs at art that a solution be found to the prob- WUSML has been accomplished by cal- lem of the tiresome search through the culating the relative costs of a set of man- spectrum of selection tools for new titles ual procedures and a set of mechanized to add to the collection. This situation procedures. has changed somewhat with the advent In concentrating on the costs of the of Project MARC at the Library of Con- two systems, the author does not mean gress. The "communications format for to imply that other elements are less im- bibliographic data" developed during portant than cost for evaluation of a Project MARC opens several avenues of re- system. Although assessing the costs of search in the mechanization of selection manual and mechanized procedures can techniques used in acquisitions depart- be quite complicated, cost was selected ments. for this research because it is the most quantitative and objective measure of a Purpose of This Research system. Other elements, such as reliabil- ity, growth potential, and product flexi- At the Washington University School bility, are highly subjective and not good of Medicine Library (WUSML) an effort candidates for research objectives (2). has been made to determine the possible cost benefits of using the MARC tape in Manual System the Acquisitions Department as a selection tool. Although at least two other The set of manual procedures begins medical libraries, the Countway Library with the arrival of a complete set of 190 proofslips from the Library of Congress punched cards are later used as input to (Fig. 1). The acquisitions librarian stud- the library's computer-based acquisi- ies each ~roofsli~and selects the ones tions catalog system (3). Each proofslip representing potential acquisitions for is kept on file by the acquisitions librar- the Medical Library. The selected proof- ian until the corresponding publication slips are then manually searched against is received by the library. The proofslip the card catalog and the acquisitions is then slipped into the publication and files. This leads to discarding the proof- passed on as an aid to the cataloger. slips for those publications-alreahy in the library or on order. Mechanized System Each of the remaining proofslips is marked with a record number and the In a fashion somewhat similar to the name of the vendor from whom the pub- manual system, the mechanized system lication is to be ordered. Using the begins with the weekly arrival of the proofslips as source documents, a key- MARC tape from the Library of Congress punch operator prepares punched cards (Fig. 2). The MARC tape is submitted to with specific bibliographic information the Computer Center where it is proc- in specific positions. From these cards a essed on an IBM System/360 Model 50 five-part purchase order is automatically computer. The processing is under the typed on an IBM 870 Document Writer direction of a program written in the within the Medical Library. The Operating System version of PL/l. This Vroofs1 ips Request I Potential New Titles Records

Cmnuter

Searched For Entries Against Found Are Reeorda List

Cards FOT Acquisition C I I Remaining Proofslips Get Vendor 6 Record No. I Request Cards For I cat. List Cards Proof- Keypunched 51 ips From filed Proofslips I Cards Used In Acq.-Cat. 1 System et of Cards For Each Proofsl ip I

Purchase Document Orders Orders Writer 0 Fig. 2. Diagram of the Flow of Work, Infor- Fig. 1. Diagram of the Flow of Work, Infor- mation, and Paper in the Mechanized Sys- mation, and Paper in the Manual System. tem. APRIL 1970 programming language was selected for a listing of those records needed by three reasons. First, it was the language the cataloger as an aid to cataloging. most familiar to the programmer. Sec- There are normally only two points ond, PL/l has an excellent capacity for where human intervention is necessary manipulating characters, either as indi- in this mechanized system. The first vidual symbols or joined together as point occurs where the records selected strings. This capacity is obviously neces- by the computer must be searched against sary when bibliographic records, such as the card catalog and acquisitions files- those on the MARC tape, must be exam- even this intervention would not be nec- ined and restructured character by char- essary if the magnetic tape files from acter. Third, a PL/1 program can be the library's computer-based acquisitions written, debugged, and changed at least catalog system were compatible with the 25% faster than programs written in any tape files of this system. Only after the other high level language. The computer, under the direction of search can the punched cards generated this PL/ 1 program, performs these tasks: by the computer be used to prepare the purchase orders on the 870 Document Searches the MARC tape for those Writer. The second point occurs where records representing publications the cataloger needs a listing of the rec- that are potential acquisitions for ords for publications which are ready to the Medical Library. The records be cataloged. This listing is requested are selected by comparing the LC by submitting cards from a computer- Classification Number in each rec- generated file of punched cards encoded ord to a list of classification num- with the LC Card Number and main en- bers provided by the acquisitions li- try of each publication ordered. brarian. This list is taken from both the Q and R classes and can be eas- Manual System Costs ily changed to reflect the changing needs of the library. The operating costs of the manual Processes each record that satisfies system during the period of this research the search criteria and thereby pro- (Jan 1-Jun 30, 1968) are as follows: vides three different products: Salaries (this figure is an estimate based -Listing of each selected record in on a weekly average of 2 hours of pro- the same format and sequence as on fessional time and 5 hours of nonpro- fessional time devoted to the duties of the MARC tape. This listing is used this system) ...... $500 by the acquisitions librarian for Keypunching (at $3.00 per hour) ...... 216 making the final selection of titles Machine time. IBM 870 Document Writer to be purchased. (at $1.50 per hour) ...... 18 -Magnetic tape file of each selected LC proofslips, cut & punched ($20.00 per month) ...... 120 record in the same sequence as on Supplies ...... 50 the MARC tape. This file is used by Total ...... $904 the cataloger to get a listing of the records for publications which are Since 1,008 titles were ordered from ready for cataloging. Since this list- the proofslips during this 6 month pe- ing is used as an aid to cataloging riod, the unit cost is approximately and therefore requires careful study, $0.90 per title. the format of the records is changed to increase readability. Mechanized System Costs -Set of punched cards for each selected record. The cards are punched The costs of the mechanized system in a format compatible with the li- are in two main categories: brary's computer-based acquisitions Develop~~tentCssts (these figures are estimates catalog system. based on personnel time and machine time): Selects and prints from the tape file Programming & system design time (6 produced on earlier computer runs weeks) ...... $ 900 Machine time. system costing 38% more than the man- IBM 1401 (at $20.00 per hour) ...... 10 ual system. All is not lost, however, if IBM System/36O Model 50 (at $275.00 per hour) ...... 756 we consider the effect on unit cost of Keypunching (at $3.00 per hour) ...... 12 sharing the subscription cost of the MARC Supplies (includes one reel of MARC test tape with two other libraries. This co- tape) ...... -40 operative venture, with each library do- Total ...... $1,718 ing its own processing, would decrease by two-thirds the cost of the MARC tape Operating Costs (these figures are estimates based on current prices and salaries and pro- to the WUSM Library and reduce the jected Library of Congress English cataloging unit cost to $1.01 per title (this unit cost rate for operating the system over a 6 month excludes the expense of transporting or period; it should also be noted that these are mailing the MARC tape within the group projected estimates and are not based on op- of participating libraries). This figure erational experience as a participant in the MARC Pilot Project): exceeds by only 10yo the unit cost of the manual system and would not be a pro- Salaries (this figure is an estimate based hibitive factor to implementing the on a weekly average of 1/2 hour of professional time and 11/2 hours of non- mechanized system. The unit cost would professional time that will be devoted be reduced still further-though not so to maintaining this system) ...... $129 tlramatically-as the number of records Machine time. on the MARC tape being processed by the IBM System/36O Model 50 (at $275.00 per hour) ...... 403 computer increased. IDM 870 Document Writer (at $1.50 per hour) ...... 17 Acknowledgements XIARC tape (at $600.00 per year) ...... 300 Supplies ...... -40 This research was supported by funds Total ...... $889 from U.S. Public Health Service Grant No. 5T0 1-Lm00106-02. Using data gained from the study of the manual system in operation for 6 months, the mechanized system is ex- Literature Cited pected to yield purchase orders for ap- 1. Library of Congress. Information Systems proximately 3.5y0 of the records on the Office. / The MARC Pilot Experience: MARC tape. With English language cata- An Informal Summary. Washington, Jun loging at the Library of Congress pro- 1968. p.14. ceeding at the rate of about 1,000 titles 2. Fasana, P. J. / Determining the Cost of per week, this means that the Medical Library Automation. ALA Bulletin 61: Library will order 840 titles semian- 656-661 (Jun 1967) 3. Moore, E. A., Brodman, E., and Cohen, nually through the mechanized system G. S. / Mechanization of Library Pro- (4). Amortizing the development costs cedures in the Medium-Sized Medical Li- over a 5 year period and adding them brary. 111. Acquisitions and Cataloging. to the operating costs as suggested by Bulletin of the Medical Library Associa- Fasana (2), we get a unit cost of approxi- tion 53: 305-328 (Jul 1965) mately $1.25 for the mechanized system. 4. Library of Congress. Ref. (1) p.4.

Received Feb 24, 1969. Revised manu- Conclusion script accepted Dec 16,1969. This paper has attempted to show that when the MARC tape is used as a selec- Mr. Martin conducted this investigation tool in the Medical Library, the unit tion while a trainee in computer librar- cost of the mechanized system will ex- ianship at the School of Medicine Li- ceed by approximately 38y0 the unit cost bray, Washington University. He is of the manual system. Although cost is now a systems analyst in library systems only one of several elements used in development with the Service Computa- evaluating a system, it would be difficult tion Center at The University of Texas to justify implementing a mechanized Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77550. Book Reviewing Media for Technical Libraries

Arnold Sadow

The New York Public Library, Science and Technology Division, N.Y. 10018

and technical publications. These are of Selection aids are essential for the two kinds: building of high-quality book collections. 0 Detection aids, and The best type of selection aid is the book Evaluative aids. review. Publications which publish reviews of new technical books for scien- Detection aids are book lists which tists and engineers are compared and make the librarian aware of the existence evaluated. The ideal reviewing journal of new books. Some examples are the provides critical reviews of all books- Cumulative Book Index, the "Weekly good, bad and indifferent-written by Record" in Publishers' Weekly and the subject specialists, and publishes these Monthly Catalog. These provide the reviews at the same time as the books usual bibliographical data, as well as are published. A proposal for producing other information useful for ordering such a journal is presented for consider- books, but give no descriptions or anno- ation. tations of any consequence. They are not of much value as selection aids, except for large libraries. Evaluative aids make appraisals and/or NE CRITERION by which a li- recommendations either in the form of 0 brary is judged is the quality of its an annotation or a critical book review. collections. No matter how well the li- They provide information which helps brary is administered, budgeted and op- the librarian decide if a book is worth erated, and no matter how good are its buying or not. To make such a decision, services, all is for naught if its collections at least two factors must be considered. are not of adequate quality, sufficient One is the suitability of a book for a and appropriate to the aims of the li- specific type of reader or library, and brary's sponsors and the needs of its the other is an analysis of the quality clientele. of the book's contents for the purpose Since no library, even the very largest, of determining how good the book really can collect everything, some selection- is. The best source of information of more or less-must be made from the this kind is the book review, preferably vast bulk of material pouring off the a critical review written by a qualified publishers' presses. It, therefore, follows book reviewer. that the selection process is of the ut- The book reviewing media now avail- most importance. able consist of two kinds. One is the Let us then examine the tools avail- book review section in a scientific or able for the selection of new library trade periodical; the other kind is found material and, in particular, scientific in journals devoted solely to the publication of book reviews. Examples of the first type are the book review sections which appear in Chemical and Engineering News, The Franklin Znsti- tuG ~ournal,and Mechanical Engineer- ing. Reviews appearing in these and other magazines are written by subject specialists-who are qualified to point out both unfavorable as well as favorable qualities, and to make judgments of high standards. They can be, at their best, excellent and authoritative, although in fact their quality varies considerably. They have, however, several drawbacks. They are inconvenient to use, since it is and technology. They include Tech- necessary to consult a number of peri- nical Book Review Zndex, New Tech- odicals in order to find reviews in vari- nical Books and Aslib Book List. ous fields. Some fields are poorly covered. These publications review books in- Another serious problem is that the re- tended -mainly for professionals and views do not appkar when the books are specialists; specifically, scientists, en- published, but frequently much later. gineers, designers, research workers, One survey of a representative group of and teachers. Books on an elementarv trade journals showed that a majority of level for children or for popular use reviews appeared four months or more are rarely found, although books for after publication of the books (I). An- college students are more frequent, other survey revealed that 18y0 of a particularly on the upperclass under- group of books had been reviewed within graduate and graduate levels. For this four months of publication and 60% reason we do not discuss such maga- within seven months (2). zines as Science Books, which is pub- Reviews which appear so late are of lished for the use of elementary and little value for selection purposes. They high school libraries or Choice, which should appear as the books are pub- is geared to the needs of college li- lished or at least within a month or braries. two, at the most, after publication (3). Technical Book Review Zndex Probably one major reason for the de- (published monthly except July and lay in publication is the result of the August by the Special Libraries Asso- mechanics of book reviewing. Most pe- ciation) reprints excerpts from reviews riodicals do not have reviews written bv which have appeared-in the scientific members of their own staff, but by indi- and trade periodicals. It also cites the viduals who have other jobs and who publications from which the excerpts review books as a part:time activity. have been taken, so that the complkte Books must, therefore, be mailed to the review may be consulted if desired. reviewers. After the reviews have been This is a convenient and time-saving written, they must be returned to the tool. However, since these reviews magazines for editing and publication. must necessarily appear in TBRZ after This procedure obviously takes time. they have been published in the Delays may also occur because reviewers original periodical-about two months must wait for an opportune moment in after-it means that the time lag- be- their busy schedules to do the work. tween review and publication is increased. This time lag may be anywhere from six to nine months--or We are concerned here with pub- more. TBRZ would then appear to lications designed for research and in- have its major value as a reference dustrial libraries in all areas of science source for ;he evaluation of books which have already been purchased, or special librarians, who select for rather than as a selection tool for review only those books they consider newly published books. to be superior. As expected, coverage New Technical Books (published of books published in Great Britain is monthly by the Research Libraries of especially good, although books pub- The New York Public Library) is an lished in the U.S. are also included. annotated list of currently published books in the physical sciences, mathematics, and engineering. Books in the fields of biology, medicine and phar- Examples of reviews as published in macy are not included. Only books in the three review journals are given English are reviewed and they are here. One book was selected and re- arranged according to the Dewey Deci- views in each of the three publications mal Classification. The annotations were found. are, mainly, descriptive with recom- Since no recent data could be found mendations of reader or library suita- in the literature on the time lag between bility. Critical notes on the literary the publication dates of books and the quality and treatment may also be appearance of reviews, we made our own given, including evaluations of the brief survey. Of 25 books reviewed in bibliography, references, illustrations both New Technical Books and Techni- and index. Critical remarks on the cal Book Review Index, 21 (84y0) ap- technical quality of the book are not peared in TBRI an average of 5 months usuallv made. The table of contents is later than in NTB; 4 (16y0) appeared in reprinted in full, in most cases, as TBRI one month earlier than in NTB. well as the usual bibliographical data, Since most reviews in NTB are published with price and Library of Congress about 2 or 3 months after publication of catalog card number. the books, these figures would indicate The annotations are written by li- that the results of earlier surveys (1, 2) brarians on the staff of the Science have not changed during the past 20 and Technology Division of The New years. York Public Library after examina- A study of these publications indicates tion of review co~iesreceived from the three essential qualities an ideal book the publishers. The reviews are pre- reviewing medium should have. First, pared for publication as soon as they comprehensiveness of coverage. All scien- are received; the reviews are published, tific and engineering disciplines should in most cases, though not ali, within a be covered, as well as all books-both few months after the books are pub- good and bad-in these disciplines. If a lished. book is not reviewed, there will be some Aslib Book List (a monthly Brit- question whether it was not reviewed ish publication) is similar to New because it was not worth revieu' in^ " or Technical Books. This Aslib publica- for some other reason. Second, critical tion lists new books in all fields of reviews by qualified reviewers. Critical science and engineering with annota- reviews can help librarians make a really tions. Only books in English are re- discriminating decision on whether or viewed. The arrangement is according not to buy a book and thus save money. to the Universal Decimal Classifica- Third, promptness of publication. Re- tion. The annotations are descriptive views should gppear at ;he same time as with occasional critical remarks on the books, so that librarians will be able style or content. A novel feature is the to obtain copies of the books they need use of symbols to indicate the level of as quickly as possible. None of the re- reader suitability. Each entry includes viewing publications now available com- the usual bibliographical data, price, bine in one publication these three de- and other information. The books sired The next step in the are examined by subject specialists development of reviewing media should Review reprinted in Tech- Original review in Aslib Original review in New nical Book Review Index Book List (Aug 1968) Technical Books (Apr (Nov 1968) 1968) Candlin, J. P., Taylor, K. A. Candlin, John Patton, and and Thompson, D. T. 403. Candlin, J. P. and others. others. Reactions of transi- Reactions of transition- tion-metal complexes. NY: Reactions of transition- metal complexes. Amster- American Elsevier, 1968. metal complexes. 483p. 1968, dam, London, N.Y. Else- 483p. $30. 67-19855. Elsevier, New York, $30. vier, 1968. xvi, 483p, tables, digrs, refs, indexes. Contents: Substitution re- Chemistry in Britain. 190s. actions. combination reac- Sept. 1968, p.409. 3/5 col. C This text designed par- tions. Redox reactions. Hy- "Authors, mainly through ticularly for research work- drocarbon reactions. Reac- lack of selectivity, have ers is on a subject which is tions of organic halogen tended to over-reach them- of considerable complexity compounds. Reactions of selves . . . Book comprises and which has expanded carbon monoxide and isoni- two major and one minor greatly during recent years triles. Reactions of OR-, part . . . First part deals to become one of consider- OH-, and CN-. Reactiv- with the mechanistic as- able technological impor- ity of H-, HI, and H+. pects of the characteristic tance. The first part dis- Reactions of inorganic com- reactions of transition metal cusses systematically the pounds. Stabilized organic complexes and crams into different types of reactions systems. Reaction index. some 200 pages, with a which can be undergone by Subject index. breathless style . . . a treat- ligands, the second part de- Note: Assesses current ment that is unable to scribes the reactions of state of the chemistry of compete with some of the various reagents towards transition-metal compounds recognized texts already transition metal compounds, primarily via a thorough available . . . Second part, and the last, briefer section review of the literature. In- instead of applying the clas- deals with new organic ring tended for research work- sification of reactions al- systems which are stable ers, but its encyclopedic na- ready introduced, considers only as ligands. ture makes the work an the reagents according to ideal reference tool for their chemical type . . . The letter C, which appears more generalized use. The Third section deals with at the beginning of the Reaction Index is remark- the preparation of new or- above annotation, denotes a able. Author: with Imperial ganic systems. To those book of an advanced or Industries, Ltd. people who believe a text- highly technical character. book should provide something more than a comprehensive catalogue this will be a disappointment." M. L. Tober. be in the direction of producing a pub- Literature Cited lication that does. I. Schutze, G. / Time Interval between One means of achieving this goal has Book Publication and Review. Special Li- been suggested (4). This would be the braries 38:297-299 (Nov 1947) establishment of an independent book 2. Culver, M. and Long, F. R. / Too Much reviewing organization for the writing Time Lag in Technical Book Reviews. and distribution of technical book re- Library Journal 74:805-806 (May 15, views. Such an organization would have 1949) its own staff of reviewers, especially se- 3. McClelland, E. H. / Selecting Books for lected for their literary and subject qual- a Technical Department. In: Wilson, Louis R., ed. / The Practice of Book ifications. These reviewers would be sup- Selection. Chicago, University of Chicago plied with review copies of new books Press, 1940. p.138-168 (see p.142) in advance of publication. They would 4. Culver, M. and Long, F. R. See Ref. (3) then prepare critical reviews which p.806. would be published as the books become available. A project of this kind would need the sponsorship and support of a major library organization. As a beginning, the feasibility of such a project and the means of implementing it could be referred to one of the appropriate committees of SLA for consideration. Cer- tainly the stakes are high enough and the need urgent enough for some action to be taken. Mr. Sadow is the editor of New Tech- Receiued for reuiew Dec 15, 1969. Ac- nical Books published by The New York cepted for publication Mar 16, 1970. Public Library. This Works For Us

Repair and Preservation of Map Materials

William W. Easton

Illinois State University, Normal, Illinois 61761

ALLwho handle maps should be famil- 16) in wooden boxes like a moving iar with Maps-Their Care, Repair, and company would crate a mirror, Preservation in Libraries by Clara Le- 17) by hand as gifts, etc. Gear (Library of Congress, Division of Maps, Washington, D.C. 1949, revd. To get into these various types of con- 1956) which is a classic in this field. Miss tainers, a good supply of tools must be LeGear states: on hand: a claw hammer, screwdriver, diagonal cutters, scissors, letter opener, "The care of maps in a library begins knife, staple remover, pliers, etc. upon their arrival. Unwrapping them Every package must be handled in a carefully cannot be stressed too emphati- different manner. Those maps which are cally. Maps may be received in various lolled inside a tube are usually relatively wrappings. They may be easy to handle, that is if the tube has not been damaged. First, remove the paper 1) rolled inside a tube with paper tucked in the ends, the tape over the ends, protecting the ends; the caps, etc. If you can reach the maps, 2) rolled inside a tube with paper grab them by the forefinger and the wrapped around the outside; thumb and twist to the inside or into a 3) rolled around the outside of a tube tighter roll. They should come out easily. with paper around both; If not, have someone hold the tube and 4) rolled around the outside of a pull away from you while you pull the tube with the wrapping paper rolled maps away from the tube. They should partly under the maps; come out. If, after removing the end, 5) rolled and wrapped without a tube; you cannot reach the maps, tap down on 6) folded in packages; or a hard surface with the open end down, 7) flat in packages or boxes." and the maps will drop to where you can reach them. If the tube is damaged by a Maps are also received bend or break, it probably will be neces- 8) in various sizes of envelopes, sary to cut or tear the tube open. 9) in paper bags, One must use extreme care with any 10) in triangular shaped containers, tube-shaped package having a paper 11) in cardboard boxes with excelsior wrapping on the outside. The maps are packed around them, probably either rolled around the tube, 12) rolled around a stick with paper rolled and wrapped with paper, or rolled wrapped around them, with the wrapping paper partly under 13) rolled inside a tube having a cap the maps. If they are wrapped diagonally, with a metal end, find the place where the top overlap is 14) rolled inside a tube with ends and slit across. Usually you can then un- rolled under, roll the wrapper, but you must be careful 15) rolled inside a metal tube, with the ends, which are probably tucked in and taped for fear that they will tear and a transparent sheet over the map. the maps unless cut and/or. -pulled out. Then the press is brought down on all careful use of a claw hammer is nec- three with heat and pressure, and you essary with wooden boxes. In wrapping have a fine finished product. There are maps, it is best to place them in flat car- also other methods of laminating. For tons. If you are shipping maps in mail- example, muslin backing is used for re- ing tubes, make sure that the tube is inforcement; maps to be folded can be larger than the maps. Place paper in the sectioned and backed with muslin. end of the tube, secure end, roll the maps We try to fit our maps into our cases and put them in the tube, put paper in without folding. If they do not fit, we the open end, and secure that end. Do may fold them with the grain of the pa- not roll at right angles to folds or you per. In a few cases we must make a sec- will get wrinkles and-even-tears. Com- ond fold. We have found it handy to pletely unfold a map before rolling it, or trim the map with care. you will be dealing with an excessively Dust covers and/or large folders for thick area which will wrinkle and also storage are important adjuncts to preser- tear. vation. Where there is inadequate pro- After a map has been removed from tection, the maps slip back in the cases, its container, it generally has either a roll and curl and tear. Because this situation or a fold to remove. We have found that exists in our collection, it is necessary to the best way to handle the maps is to make periodic checks of the drawers. iron them with a steam iron set on Curled and torn maps are removed for "steam" and "wool." We generally place ironing and patching. Files should only the map face-down on the ironing board, be 1/? to 3/q full, because overcrowding but no harm is done face-up. The folds the files damages the maps. do not come out completely, but enough For protection of atlases, it is best to so that the maps will lie flat. lay them down flat rather than to stand For rips, tears, weak spots, holes, etc. them up. If shelved vertically, the weight we use Scotch "Magic Mending Tape" of their own pages tends to warp the cov- which does not discolor or slip and can ers and break the bindings unless the be written on. atlases are packed tightly together. If When checking maps out, we always they are tightly packed on the vertical place them in tubes. When they are re- shelves, it is difficult to use the atlases. turned, they are ironed and patched. It is advisable to iron first and patch second as the tape is affected by the heat of the Receiued for reuiew Jul 18, 1969. Ac- iron. cepted Oct 25, 1969. Mr. Easton is map Undoubtedly the best way to preserve librarian at Illinois State University. His a map for posterity is the laminating paper was presented at a meeting of the process. In this operation a sheet of back- Geography and Map Division on Jun 3, ing material is placed on the table of the 1769 during SLA's 60th Annual Confer- laminating press, the map on top of that ence in Montreal. sla news

CHAPTERS & DIVISIONS

Boston-Tufts University (Medford, Mass.) New Jersey-"Computer-Aided Information was the site of an all day Seminar for Library Systems" was the topic of an afternoon plus Managers on Apr 17. Topics included: Plan- evening meeting of the Chapter on Mar 17 ning for Computerization, Organizing for at Bell Telephone Laboratories, Holmdel, Computerization, Employee Morale, and Job N. J. The speakers were: Alfred Anzalone Enrichment. (I'icatinny Arsenal), Efren W. Gonzalez (Bristol-Myers), Mrs. Katherine C. Owen Cleveland-Two meetings were co-sponsored (Warner-Lambert Research Institute), and by the Chapter and the U.S. Department of Mrs. Emma Warren (Esso Research and En- Commerce. US. Outlook 1970175 was held gineering Co.). on Jan 26; and an InputlOutput Symposium was held on Feb 26. New York-The Library and Museum of the Performing ;-Zrts at Lincoln Center was the Colorado-A revised edition of Specialized site for the Mar 18 meeting. Services and Library Resources of Colorado-1969 has been resources of New York Public Library avail- published by the Chapter; 206 libraries are able to special librarians were discussed by listed. Indexes for library name, personnel Edward G. Freehafer, director of NYPL. and subject are provided. Copies are avail- Other NYPL staff members were panelists in able at $3.50 from Allen Wynne, 2750 Heidel- an open forum following the main address. berg Dr., Boulder, Colo. 80303. Checks should be payable to SLA, Colorado Chapter. Pacific Northwest-"Structuring Effective In- terpersonal Relationships" is the subject of Illinois-.;\ luncheon meeting on Mar 19 a Saturday workshop for continuing educa- heard a discussion of "Florence Experiences" tion on Apr 25 at the University of Washing- by Harold Tribolet, R. R. Donnelley & Sons. ton, Seattle. A joint meeting with the Ameri- A dinner meeting on Apr 15 heard of the can Records Management Association's chap- plans of the Chicago Historical Society for ter was held on Apr 17. The annual business the 70's. hlay 19 is the date of the annual meeting of the PNW Chapter is scheduled business meeting at the J. Walter Thompson Cor May 16 together with a special tour of Company. the Seattle-First National Bank.

Indiana-The operations of the Midwest Re- San Francisco Bay Region-The Chapter gional Medical Library (at John Crerar Li- will visit the Naval Postgraduate School in brary) were described by Richard A. Davis Monterey on Saturday, May 9. on Mar 10. An all day program on Apr 18 was concerned with new developments in li- South Atlantic-A John Cotton Dana Lec- brary scllool curricula relative to special li- ture will be presented on Apr 30 at Emory brarianship; the location was the Graduate University. Paula Strain will speak on "As- Library School, Indiana University, Bloom- pects of Cooperation between Special and ington. The Chapter's annual business meet- Other Libraries." The final meeting of the ing is scheduled for May 11 in Indianapolis. year will be held at the Coca-Cola Company's Technical Information Center in Atlanta. Minnesota-Facsimile transmission and mi- croreproduction will be features of the Apr Southern California's Social Science Group- 29 meeting. The annual business meeting is The Group toured the campus libraries of sct for Saturday, May 23; a box lunch and the University of California, Irvine before tours of the new veterinary medicine and dinner. Dr. Lyman W. Porter, professor of entomology libraries of the University of administration and psychology, spoke on Minnesota are also on the program. "The Employee Motivation Puzzle." Texas-The Chapter held a two-day joint Technology" was planned to provide infor- meeting with the Dallas County Library As- mation in new areas of scientific progress. sociation on Feb 6-7. The speakers were from both industrial and academic institutions. Toronto-The Ontario Science Centre was A joint meeting with the Connecticut Val- visited by the Chapter on Mar 20. The an- ley Chapter was scheduled for Apr 18 in nual business meeting is scheduled for Apr Pittsfield, Mass. Speakers and panelists-in 23; in addition, the story of the acquisition their roles as "Technological GatekeepersM-- of the Bertrand Russell papers by McMaster discussed how they obtain and use informa- University will be described. tion in their own research activities. A joint meeting of the Toronto and Mon- treal Chapters with the Canadian Association of Special Libraries and Information Serv- ices (CASLIS) is scheduled for Jun 19-20. The meeting will be at McMaster University Honorary Member of SLA (Hamilton, Ontario) immediately before the At the Annual Meeting on Wednesday, annual conference of the Canadian Library .4ssociation. Jun 10, in Detroit the Board of Di- rectors will present the name of a dis- Upstate New York-A departure from the tinguished nonmember for election to usual Chapter meeting format occurred on Honorary Membership. Mar 20. An all day tutorial session on "Laser

Exchange of Library-Produced Bibliographies A Study/Survey of the Illinois Chapter

A BIBLIOGRAPHY is considered by li- eventually be developed into bibliographic brarians to be basically "a list of documents presentations. The sibject matter of these on a particular subject." Webster's Znterna- requests cover, of course, a wide spectrum. tional takes a more elaborate view; among its Understandably, there will be obvious dupli- many definitions it includes ". . . a list or cation and overlapping of efforts-not only catalog, often with descriptive or critical on a national scale but also at the local level. notes, of writings relating to a particular sub- Wherever there are more than ten research ject, period, or author. . . ." Whichever defi- libraries concentrated in one geographical nition one chooses it will encompass the es- region, probabilities are high that a fair per- sence of bibliographic work. cent of their efforts to prepare bibliographies Bibliographies requested by a library's cli- on request are duplications or overlips.-o he entele are not all at the same level. One may, possibility that such research libraries can perhaps, classify them at three levels of so- help one another by exchange or by offers phistication: l) A listing of bibliographic ci- and requests of bibliographies through a tations within a determined span of time; clearinghouse, presents a constructive step 2) A literature survey-meaning an exhaus- toward aiding the performance of this serv- tive search of the literature on a given sub- ice. Further exploration is deserved. ject matter; and 3) An interpretive bibliog- These thoughts were very much part of the raphy, whereby a report of findings in rela- Illinois Chapter's decision to appoint a com- tion to the query is put forth (plus pertinent mittee to study the feasibility of a bibliogra- bibliographic citations). phy exchange program. The committee's ob- It must be emphasized that a bibliography jectives were: 1) To determine whether a is not in itself the answer to a query, but bibliography exchange program would be solely a first step toward providing the in- feasible within the Illinois Chapter; 2) TO quirer with the articles that will ultimately survey the Chapter's members by means of provide specific answers. a questionnaire; and 3) TO tabulate the re- Bibliographies on request in research li- sponses and to make recommendations to braries aEe in essential part of the informa- the Chapter's Executive Board. tion dissemination process. Every research li- A variety of opinions were expressed about brary receives information requests that will the program; and, as often happens with Questionnaires Mailed A further questionnaire to libraries pre- Members Answering Questionnaire Libraries in Illinois Chapter paring bibliographies on request produced a Libraries Answering Questionnaire table somewhat indicative of the extent of Total libraries preparing duplication and overlap in this area. Unfor- bibliographies tunately, this could be done only on the Total libraries NOT preparing bibliographies basis of broad areas, in this case the major Libraries not preparing classes of DDC. However, the areas of great. bibliographies (but indicating est activity are obvious from this table. will do in near future) Even though no definite decision pattern Libraries Preparing Bibliographies emerged from the total survey, the commit- Reported preparing an annual tee felt that the program-if established- average of 1,264 bibliographies Selective bibliographies would be worthwhile and would eventually Exhaustive bibliographies pick up the required momentum. Therefore, Both bibliographies Files of bibliographies maintained the committee recommended to the Chapter's Bibliographies indicate sources Executive Board, that a Bibliography Ex- checked Willing to submit list for Union List change Clearinghouse be established on a Willing to supply copies without trial basis (for a period of one year) to be charge operated in the manner of the Chapter's Responses to Program Proposal Duplicate Exchange, and to utilize The In- Would Participate formant (Illinois Chapter's bulletin) as the In All Subject Areas In Some Subject Areas vehicle to publicize offerings and requests. Would Not Participate Some questions regarding this program Feel Program Would Be Beneficial were discussed to the point of exhaustion Not Beneficial without satisfactory conclusions, due mostly Would Like To See Presentation to lack of actual experience. These questions In "The Informant" A Periodical Publication relate directly on the proprietary factor at- -Willing to subscribe tached to bibliographies prepared for re- -Not willing to subscribe search staff members of an organization (within which a library or information center questionnaires, some questions were left un- operates). It was felt, however, that since a answered on many of the questionnaires- program of this nature would definitely aid thus making the tabulations somewhat difi- all special libraries by avoiding repetitive ef- cult to interpret. For instance, of the total forts when producing some of these bibliog- 113 questionnaires returned, 62 indicated the raphies, this factor would lessen the proprie- program would be beneficial, but only 43 tary aspect. It did not. On the contrary, large respondents indicated they would participate organizations will, in fact, be the most reti- in the program completely or partially. cent to cooperate with this type of program. Twelve indicated thev would not varticivate. A large number did not even answer. Of the libraries answering (95), 45.2% Then to facilitate more coo~eration.the would participate in all or some subject committee further recommended that partici- areas, while 12.6% would not participate at pation in the program be made on a volun- all, leaving a 42.2% segment of libraries (40) tary basis; and that even though titles of that did not express an opinion one way or bibliographies offered and requested would the other. By the same token, of the total li- be listed as such, the names of libraries and braries answering only 23 of them indicated corporations would be omitted to eliminate that their bibliographies included the scope somewhat the proprietary factor. of search. The others did not answer this No doubt a-program such as the one pre- question; therefore it may be assumed they sented here will require time to prove its do not. tremendous worth. Considering the high cost of bibliographies on request-in staff time- Libraries Bibliographies the potential of a clearinghouse for the ex- Gen. Works 1 1 change of library produced bibliographies is Philosophy 3 3 Religion 0 0 great. It is hoped this presentation, relating Soc. Sciences 19 the Illinois Chapter's organizational experi- Language 1 ?7 Science 16 355 ence in this area, will be of some help to Technology 24 442 other SLA Chapters. Arts 4 9 Literature 2 21 History 4 9 C. C. Cuitino Library Services Associates * Number of bibliographies not indicated. Glen Ellyn, Illinois 60137 SLA Hall of Fame/1970 PRESIDENTRobert W. Gibson, Jr. has announced the election of two members to the SLA Hall of Fame in 1970 who have made outstanding contributions to the growth and development of Special Li- braries Association at the Association, Chapter and Division levels.

Elizabeth Ferguson A highly professional librarian, an excellent teacher, a fine cellist, as well as an accomplished author and a stimulat- ing lectuier with a wonderfully hearty sense of humor-this is Elizabeth Fergu- she is best known for her work as li- son. A librarian since 1930 and a mem- brarian at the Institute of Life Insurance ber of SLA since 1944, when she became in New York, a position she held for 25 a special librarian, Miss Ferguson's lead- years until her retirement in 1969. ership qualities soon became evident, Co-author of the book, The Creation when in 1946 she was elected Chairman and Development of an Insurance Li- of the Insurance Division for a two-vear brary, published in 1949, she edited term. She was re-elected to this position Sources of Insurance Statistics in 1965. again in 1961. A long-time member of She is the author of many articles on the New York Chapter, Betty, as she is various aspects of library work, in addi- known by her many friends, held numer- tion to several bibliographies for the In- ous committee chairmanships and mem- stitute of Life Insurance. berships, and was for 20 years the repre- A wise and generous teacher, Miss sentative of the New York Chapter to Ferguson inspired many of her students the Ballard School. As such, she was re- to become special librarians through her sponsible for establishing library courses courses in special librarianship, taught for library assistants. Her activities in as early as 1953-55, at Queens College the ~ssoci'ationwere numerous, ranging School of General Studies, and as recently from chairman of the Public Relations as last summer at the University of Ha- Committee to President of the Special waii library school. For ten years, 1959- Libraries Association in 1952/53. She 1969, she taught at Pratt Institute library served as Publicity Chairman for the As- school. She continues to be active profes- sociation's 50th Anniversary Conference sionally by serving on the ALA Accredi- in Atlantic City, and as Conference Pro- tation Committee and on a Medical gram Chairman for the 1967 Annual Libraries Association committee, estab- Conference in New York. lishing standards of subprofessional Born in Willoughby, Ohio, Elizabeth training. In summer 1970 she will be on Ferguson attended both Middlebury Col- the faculty of St. John's University li- lege and Oberlin College, receiving her brary school, teaching her course in Spe- BA in English Literature from Oberlin. cial Libraries. She earned her graduate degree in li- A contributor to the development of brary science from Western Reserve Uni- the Special Libraries Association at all versity library school. Although Betty levels-Chapter, Division, and Associa- began her professional career in the Cleve- tion-Elizabeth Ferguson will always be land Public Library, as a children's li- to her many friends and former students brarian and later as .a reference librarian, a very Special Librarian indeed. W. Roy Holleman

W. Roy Holleman has been elected to the SLA Hall of Fame posthumously. A member of the Special Libraries Associa- tion for 32 years, he contributed towards its growth and development on all levels -Chapter, Division and Association. A warm, friendly, modest gentleman who was devoted to his profession, he was an inspiration to his friends and associates. Roy threw himself into productive activity for SLA with an enthusiasm which librarian after the war, holding chief li- was contagious. While he was president brarian positions at Boeing Aircraft Com- of the Southern California Chapter, he pany (Wichita, Kansas); Mead Corpora- was largely responsible for the formation tion (Chillicothe, Ohio); the United of the San Diego Chapter, later serving States International University (the for- as its president. He was chairman of the mer Balboa University, San Diego, Cali- Science-Technology Division, held nu- fornia); and Scripps Institution of Ocean- merous Association Committee appoint- ography (La Jolla, California). He also ments and was elected to the Board of taught library education courses for the Directors, serving from 1959 to 1962. University of Southern California, Ex- Sharing his interest in Special Libraries tension Division. In 1961, he joined the Assotiation was another SLA Director, faculty of the Graduate School of Li- Marian Patterson, an attractive medical brary Science at the University of South- librarian from Canada. Their mutual at- ern California, and in 1963 became head traction culminated in their marriage in librarian and associate professor of li- 1961. brary science of San Diego College for Roy Holleman was born in Alderson, Women, holding this position until his Ok1,homa and educated in Oklahoma final illness. An inspired lecturer, he was schools. Both his BS in biological and also author of numerous professional physical science and his Master of Sci- and technical articles. Other professional ence in Education were received from organizations in which he held member- Oklahoma State University. He was ship were the American Library Associa- elected to membership in several scho- tion, the American Association for the lastic honor societies: Phi Beta Kappa, Advancement of Science, the American Phi Delta Kappa, Kappa Delta Phi, and Chemical Society, and the American Scabbard and Blade. He earned his MLS Geophysical Union. from the University of Illinois. Keenly He was a man of high professional interested in sports, Roy, while head of standards, great integrity, and had the the Science Department at McAlester ability to engender confidence. He took (Oklahoma) High School and Junior great joy in working with young people College, coached basketball and football particularly, and his influence among and was active in the Boy Scouts. his students and fellow librarians will His library career began in 1938 after long be felt. On the Special Libraries As- several years of teaching, but was inter- sociation, the far-sighted contributions rupted by World War I1 service in the of Roy Holleman have left their perma- Army Air Force. He became a special nent mark. Murray Howder will serve both as bibliographer MEMBERS IN THE NEWS in the ARL Slavic Center and as assistant director in the headquarters of the Association of Research Libraries, Washington, D.C.

Donald C. Anthony, Associate Director of Li- braries, Columbia University, has been awarded Mrs. Linda Johnston, librarian of the Federal a fellowship by the Council on Library Re- Reserve Bank of Atlanta, will represent special sources "to study the extent to which audio- libraries on the editorial board of The Georgia visual materials are used at selected academic Libra~ianpublished by the Georgia Library As- libraries and to evaluate their effectiveness as sociation. aids to instruction." Philip S. Ogilvie . . . elected vice president Janet H. Axman is director of the Industrial (president-elect) of the American Association of Information Service of the Connecticut State Li- State Librarians. brary, Hartford. Marian M. Orgain, curator of special collections, Bobby R. Carter, formerly librarian of the Phar- Unitersity of Houston, was featured in "People macy Library, University of Houston, has ac- in Our Town" in the Houston Chronicle (Dec 7, 1969) headlined as "The Story of a cepted a position as cataloging librarian at The . . . (;lobe-Trotting Marian Who Became a Librar- University of Texas Medical Branch Library, ian." Gal~cston.

Co\er Girl of the Jan/Feb 1970 issue of the The Central Du Page Library Association met California Department of Fish and Game News- on Feb 10 at the Wheaton (Illinois) Public Li- Irtter . . Patricia Powell, supervisor of the brary to hear C. C. Cuitino, executive vice presi- . Marine Technical Information Center, Terminal dent, Library Service Associates, describe his re- Island, since 1946. cent library experiences in Brazil and Chile.

Anne J. Richter retires on Apr 30 as editor-in- Mrs. Phyllis Dalton, assistant state librarian, chief of the Book Department of R. R. Bowker California State Library, was the featured Company. Since her career with Bowker began speaker at the Apr 20 meeting in San Francisco in 1937, she has been associated with many of of the Hospital Librarians Section, Association the company's publications: Literary Market of Western Hospitals. Place, Tl~eBowker Annual, Ulrich's Interna- tional Periodicals Directory, and American Li- Annette M. DeLorenzo . . . appointed director brary Director)) among others. She has been a of the newly organized Housing and Urban Re- member of the company's Board of Directors search Division of Holmes-Harmon Corporation, since 1956 and secretary of the company since Birmingham, Mich. She was formerly assistant 11167. Mrs. Richter has long been active in SLA. librarian, Can~pbell-EwaldCompany, Detroit. Shc has been chairman of the Publishing Di- vision and has represented SLA in many ca- pacities on the 239 Committee of the American Patricia C. Farrell . . . from Stanford Research National Standards Institute. She is currently Institute, Menlo Park to supervising librarian serving as a member of the Special Libraries at the Bio-Agricultural Library, University of Committee. California, Riberside.

Walter W. Ristow, Chief of LC's Geography and Laurence M. Feldman . . . appointed head li- Map Division, has retired from the U.S. Board brarian of the Becton Engineering & Applied on Geographic Names after completing more Science Library, Yale University, New Haven. than 21 years of service. This is the longest tenure of any agency member since the Board on The American Geographical Society honored Geographic Names was established by act of Nordis Felland at a reception on Jan 30. Miss Congress in 1947. Felland was presented with a book of tributes from librarians, geographers and colleagues on John Sherrod, director of the National Agri- the occasion of her retirement after 26 years as cultural Library, was chairman of an invitational librarian of the Society. She has served as chair- conference on Federal Information Resources on man of SLA's Museum Division and Geography Mar 26-27 in Washington. and Map Division. As librarian emeritus she will work part time for the Society. Lynn S. Mullins . . . from assistant librarian to librarian of the Joel Robert Siegflied, Queens Borough (N.Y.) Society. Public Library, has been awarded two grants by the American-Scandinavian Foundation to SLA Authors assist with a public library research program in Scandinavia. Baer, Karl A. Bibliography in the Special Li- braries of the United States: A Non-statistical Dr. Pauline M. Vaillancourt . . . named asso- Survey. International Library Review 2: 85-100 ciate professor in the School of Library Science, (1970) State Univeristy of New York at Albany. She will continue as editor of Scientific Information Notes Hickey, Doralyn J. Systems Analysis and the published by Science Associates International, Theological Library. Theological Education 6: N.Y. 34-42 (Autumn 1969)

Barbara Wight, Los Angeles County Library Mersky, Roy M., ed. and comp. Law Books for System . . . elected president-elect of the Cali- Non-Law Libraries and Laymen: A Bibliogra- fornia Library Association's Business and In- phy. (Legal Almanac Series, no. 44) Dobbs Ferry, dustry Division. N.Y., Oceana Publications, 1969. 1lop.

Washington Library Association has elected Sloane, Margaret N. The Role of the Special Li- Erna Gabrielson a member of the WLA Execu- brary. The Central New York Reference Q Re- tive Board . . . Julia Owens appointed a mem- sources Council Bulletin 3: (nos. 2 & 3) 5-10 ber of the WLA Recruitment Committee, repre- (Sep/Oct & Nov/Dec 1969) senting SLA's Pacific Northwest Chapter . . . Kay Todd appointed a member of the WLA Spence, Barbara A. The Community-Owned Steering Committee for NLW. Ghetto Library: A Commitment to People. Bay State Librarian 58: (no. 3) 11-17, 19 (Oct 1969)

In Memoriam SLA Placement Service at Otto P. Brysch, technical librarian at the Insti- Conference tute of Gas Technology, Chicago until his retirement in 1963 . . . on Jan 18. He also had The SLA Placement Service will be been editor of Gas Abstracts. An SL.4 member available to SLA members and to since 1951. employers registered at the Confer- ence in Detroit. Hours and location Catherine A. Simms, librairan at the Institute of of the Placement Service will be Gas Technology, Chicago since 1951 . . . on Jan 2. She had been chairman of the Public Utilities listed in the Conference Program. Section. An SLA member since 1940. Resume forms for members who are Marion E. Peterson, associate professor in the interested in vacancies can be ob- School of Librarianship, University of Washing- tained from the Membership De- ton (Seattle) . . . on Jan 6, 1970. Miss Peterson partment, Special Libraries Asso- had undergone eye surgery during the preceding week. She joined the full-time faculty at U.W. ciation, 235 Park Avenue South, in 1950 as an assistant professor. An SLA mem- New York, N. Y. 10003. The com- ber since 1964. pleted resume forms must be returned by May 29. The Placement Phyllis A. Reinhardt, librarian of the Smith College Art Library . . . in Oct 1969. A member Service will arrange interviews at of SLA since 1950. the Conference. Employers with vacancies may re- An Apology-The Dec 1969 issue of This Journal leportetl erroneously the death of George H. quest a "Job Opening" form from Goodwin, former librarian of The American the same address as above; the Museum of Natural History. Confusion with deadline for their submission is also middle initials occurred when the death of Gcorge G. Goodwin, curator emeritus of the May 29. Job descriptions for the va- museum's Department of Mammalogy was re- cancies will be posted at the Con- ported. Our apologies to George H. Goodwin ference. who is chief librarian, U.S. Geological Survey, Washington, D.C. vistas

Institutes for Training in Librarianship

Robert Klassen

Bureau of Libraries and Education Technology, U.S. Office of Education, Washington, D.C. 20202

HE Division of Library Programs of the Bureau of Libraries and Education TTechnology in the U.S. Office of Education has just released the 1970/71 list of 42 training institutes* and 382 graduate fellowships available in library and information science under the provisions of the Higher Education Act of 1965, Title 11-B. Grants total $1,032,000. Any person who has been or is engaged in librarianship, or has an undergraduate or graduate degree in library science may apply whether or not presently en- rolled in the institution. Information, admission requirements, and application forms should be obtained from the institution offering the program for training. Participants are eligible to receive a stipend of $75 per week for the period of attendance plus an allowance of $15 per week for each dependent. The following is a list of training institutes of possible interest to special libraries and information science personnel. Included are the name and location of the institution, inclusive dates, the director, and the number of allocated participants:

California Colorado

I. UNIVERSITYOF CALIFORNIA, Berkeley, Calif. 3. UNIVERSITYOF DENVER,Denver, Colo. 94720. 802 10. Law Librarianship-Comparative, For- Library Systems Analysis and Design. eign and International. Jul 20-Aug 7, 1970 James K. Foyle (25) Jul 6-24, 1970 Dan I;. Henke (25) To teach the principles of library systems Seeks to provide training in the acquisi- analysis and design to librarians who are tion, organization and use of comparative, now or who soon will be engaged in sys- foreign and international legal materials. tems studies in their own libraries.

2. UNIVERSITYOF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, LOS Angeles, Calif. 90007. Illinois Library Automation and Information Re- 4. USIW:RSITYOF ILLINOIS, Urbana, Ill. 61801. trieval. Development and Administration of Jun I-Jul 10, 1970 Slavic and East European Library Re- Everett M. Wallace (40) sources. Intensive course to educate and train par- Jun 22-Jul 31, 1970. ticipants in techniques of data processing, Laurence H. Miller (15) automation, information retrieval, and Will provide librarian involved with Slavic other aspects of information science ap- and East European collections with the plicable to library systems and networks. opportunity to develop competence in reference services and to learn practical as- *Includes 2 institute awards granted in FY 1969. pects of collection development. 208 Louisiana HAVE YOU SEEN ? 5. LOUISIANAPOLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE, RUS- ton, La. 71270. Planning and Implementing Library Au- tomation Programs. Tun 14--27, 1970 S. A. Dyson (20) Will involve the study of computer theory, as well as the planning and implementing of library automation programs for practicing librarians.

Ohio 6. MIAMIUNIVERSITY, Oxford, Ohio 45056. Management Development Institute for Library Administrators. A mini-projector for aperture cards will Jul 12-18, 1970 Robert H. Myers (SO) project a wall size image in a normally Designed to provide library supervisors or lighted room. Adapters for color film- directors with instruction in the principles strips and slides are also available. The and techniques of general management- "Aperture-Master" is priced at about $80. planning, organizing, motivating, control- Contact: The Taylor-Merchant Corp., ling, and planning for future management Microfilm Division, 25 W. 45th St., N.Y. demands. 10036.

Pennsylvania 7. DREXELINSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,Phila- delphia, Pa. 19104. Non-conventional Reference Sources and Services. Apr 12-16, 1971 Charles H. Davis (20) Will introduce participants to data sources and reference tools which take a non-conventional format, such as punched card, tape, disk, or film, and which have not as yet been readily assimilated into traditional reference service in libraries. A high capacity paper shredder is said Wisconsin to handle papers without removal of sta- ples, paper clips or other metal fasteners. 8. UNIVERSITYOF WISCONSIN,Milwaukee, A conveyor belt allows for the direct dis- Wis. 53201. posal of crumpled papers from waste Acquisition of Foreign Materials for U.S. baskets. The "Compact Conveyor De- Libraries. stroyit" will handle more than 2,000 lb. of Sep 28-0ct 9, 1970 Frank L. Schick (30) paper per hour. Smaller models are avail- Aims to familiarize the participants with able from a desk-top size or wastebasket 1) both traditional and newly-developed size. Write: Electric Wastebasket Corp., techniques and procedures for the acquisition of library materials from foreign 145 W. 45th St.. N.Y. 10036. countries (especially Europe, Africa, Asia and South America), and 2) with the rela- A new eraser for removing excess or mis- tionship of these procedures to national placed rubber cement is available through programs, policies and developments. retail outlets as "Pik-Up." The %inch Mr. Klassen is Special Libraries Specialist, squares are made from natural, pure Library Planning and Development Branch, white, Malayan crepe rubber which is Bureau of Libraries and Educational Tech- particularly effective due to the natural nology, U.S. Ofice of Education. affinity of rubber for rubber. Distribu- tion is through retail outlets which carry the Union Rubber and Asbestos Best- Test Brand Rubber Cement and Thin- ners.

the user sinks more slowly into these chairs without the sensation of hitting bottom. For information: Steelcase, Inc., Grand Rapids, Mich. 49501.

Completely outfitted private office modules have been announced in the $350- $550 price range. The "Apton Office Modules" are free standing with steel tube framing and laminated vinyl panels. For brochure, write: Dexion Incorpo- rated, 39-27 59th St., Woodside, N.Y. 11377. A high speed cartridge loader for 16mm and 35mm microfilm will accept 1,000 foot spools of film in addition to 100 foot reels. Automatic tension in the Model 106 Cartridge Loader is maintained to prevent the film from spilling as speed is decreased. Manufactured by: Informa- tion Design, Inc., Menlo Park, Calif.

A portable microfilm duplicator repro- duces both 16mm and 35mm film on Kal- var roll film in one continuous operation. No darkroom, chemicals or water are needed. The "Canon Roll Duplicator 500" can make reversal duplicates (positive-to-negative or negative-to-positive). The price of the unit is $4,350. For information, write: Canon U.S.A., Inc., 64-10 Queens Blvd., Woodside, N.Y. Free-standing partitions can be com- 11377. bined to build carrels, individual work or study areas. Units are available in 48, Contemporary office chairs in a moderate 79 and 96 inch heights. They can be price line are available in the "Triad mounted at right angles or at fixed an- Series." Two layers of foam cushions are gles of 120 or 150 degrees. Write: Walker in the seat with the layer of softer foam Systems, Inc., 520 S. 21st Ave. East, Du- on the bottom. The manufacturer claims luth, Minn. 55812. Jun 22-Jul 3. "The Scene in British Li- COMING EVENTS brarianship," a summer school for librarians from the USA and Canada . . . at Ealing Technical College, Ealing, London W5. May 7-8. Seventh Annual National Col- Course secretary: L. C. Guy, School of Li- loquium on Information Retrieval at the brarianship, Ealing Technical College. Sheraton Hotel, Philadelphia . . . sponsored by SLA's Philadelphia Chapter and eight Jun 23-26. Fifteenth Seminar on the Ac- other organizations. For information: Louise quisition of Latin American Library Ma- Schultz, BIOSIS,2100 Arch St., Philadelphia terials, SALALM, . . at the University of 19103. . Toronto. Write: Carl W. Deal, Center of Latin American Studies, University of Illi- May 17-21. Medical Library Association nois, Urbana 61 801. . . . at the Roosevelt Hotel, New Orleans.

Jun 1-12. Introduction to Modern Archives Jul 1-Nov 30. Sixth Special Course for Administration . . . at the National Ar- Medical Librarians . . . at the University of chives Building, Washington, D.C. Address Aintioquia,Colombia. For information: Juli- inquiries to the institute's sponsor: Depart- alba Hurtado Marulanda, Escuela Interamer- ment of History, The American University, icana de Bibliotecologia, Apartado Aereo Massachusetts and Nebraska Aves. NW, 1307, Medellin, Colombia. Washington, D.C. 20016. Jul 12-18. Management Development In- Jun 1-Jul 10. Institute on Library Automa- stitute for library administrators . . . at tion and Information Retrieval . . . at Uni- Miami University, Oxford, Ohio. Write: versity of Southern California. Address in- Robert H. Myers, School of Business Admin- quiries to: Dr. Martha Boaz, Dean, School of istration, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio Library Science, USC, Los Angeles 90007. 45056.

Jun 4-6. Council on Library Technology, Jul 18-21. National Audio-visual Conven- COLT, at Palm Beach Towers, Palm Beach, tion at the Sheraton-Park Hotel, Washington, Fla. Theme: The Coming of Age of LTAs. D.C. For registration, write: WAVA, 3150 COLT was organized to strengthen training Spring St., Fairfax, Va. 22030. programs for Library Technical Assistants. For information: Sister Mary Chrysantha, Jul 19-31. Library Administrators Devel- Felician College Library, 3800 Peterson Ave., opment Program . . . at the University of Chicago 60645. Maryland's Donaldson Brown Center, Port Deposit, Md. For information: School of Library and Information Services, University of Maryland, College Park 20742. Jun 7-11. SLA, 61st Annual Conference. Cobo Hall and Sheraton-Cadillac Hotel, De- Jul 20-31. "Improving Communication troit. Theme: The Changing Face of Special Skills for School Library Supervisors" . . . at Libraries. Conference chairman: Mrs. Gloria the University of Michigan. For information: M. Evans, Parke Davis & .Company, Produc- Dr. Helen D. Lloyd, School of Library tion and Engineering Library, Detroit, Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor hlich. 48232. 48 104.

Jul 27-Aug 21. Institute of Archival Jun 20-26. Canadian Library Association, Studies . . . at the University of Denver's Annual Conference . . . in Hamilton, On. Centennial Conference Center. Write: Pro- tario at the Holiday Inn and the Sheraton- fessor Dolores C. Renze, Institute of Archival Connaught Hotel. Studies, 1530 Sherman St., Denver 80203.

Jun 22-26. Engineering School Libraries Aug 3-28. Archives Institute at the Geor- Division of the American Society for Engi- gia Archives and Records Building, Atlanta neering Education . . . at Ohio State Uni- . . . co-sponsored by Emory University's Di- versity, Columbus. Program chairman: Mrs. vision of Librarianship. Write: Georgia De- Elizabeth P. Roberts, P.O. Box 2114 C.S., partment of Archives and History, Atlanta Pullman, Wash. 99163. 30334. Aug 9-13. Biocommunications '70 . . . in Sep 14-24. FID Conference and Congress Houston, Texas. Combined meetings of the . . . in Buenos Aires, Argentina. For informa- Association of Medical Illustrators, the Bio- tion: U.S. National Committee for FID, logical Photographic Association, and the National Academy of Sciences, 2101 Consti- Council on Medical Television. Write: tution Ave., Washington, D.C. 20418. (Some Robert Beaubien, Baylor College of Medi- travel support funds are available from cine, Rm. 414E, Houston 77025. USNCFID; requests must be received before Jun 1.) Aug 29-Sep 7. IFLA General Council . . . Sep 21-23. ASLIB Annual Conference . in Moscow and Leningrad. . . at the University of Aberdeen, Scotland. Write: ASLIB, 3 Belgrave Sq., London SW 1. Sep 7-11. Sixth International Cybernetics Congress . . . in Namur, Belgium. For infor- Oct 11-15. American Society for Informa. mation: Secretariat of the International tion Science . . . at the Sheraton Hotel, Phil- Cybernetics Association, Palais des Exposi- adelphia. Convention chairman: Dr. Eugene tions, Place Andre Rijckmans, Namur, Bel- Garfield, Institute for Scientific Information. gium. 325 Chestnut St., Philadelphia 19106.

REVIEWS lutions Relating to Minutes of Meetings," pro- \ides excellent examples of minutes of the annual meeting of stockholders of the corporation as well as examples of minutes of meetings of Manual and Guide for the Corporate Secretary. the board of directors. Here one will find spe- Miller, Besse May. Englewood Cliffs, N.J., Pren- cific examples of how to report many kinds of tice-Hall (1968, ~1969). 3v. (ixJ756 p.) illus. actions one would expect to transpire at such Index. $49.95. LC 68-22251. (Original title: Cor- meetings. porate Secretary's Manual and Guide, rev. ed.) On the other hand, the examples of form letters the corporation secretary will most fre- This reference work is designed to serve the quently address to stockholders (Chapter 23) are corporate secretary as a guide to corporate prac- inadequate. Though unquestionably well-con- tices as they affect his function within the firm. ceived in purpose, many are artlessly expressed It therefore includes the legal implications of and contain occasional grammatical errors. The the official actions he is called upon to execute example of a form letter answering a stockhold- as an officer of the company. The basic prin- er's inquiry regarding the advertising expenses ciples controlling every phase of general cor- of the firm concludes with the sentence, "Such porate policy and activity are treated. progress redounds to the benefit of all the The Manual and Guide is divided into ten stockholders." It is clearly not progress that re- parts covering corporate meetings, minutes, man- dounds to stockholders, but rather the benefits agement, operation of the secretariat, compen- thereof. The form "thank you" to be sent to sation of officers and employees, capital stock, fi- stockholders who voted by proxy in favor of nancial borrowing, the corporation as a legal propositions suggested by the management at entity, mergers, reorganization and dissolution. the annual stockholders meeting concludes with Each part provides numerous examples of the the information that a copy of ;he stockholders' diversified forms relevant to the subject matter letter has been sent to the President of the com- treated, e.g. affidavits, ballots, certificates, waiv- pany (an excellent procedure, indeed), followed ers, notices, resolutions, letters and memoranda. by the laudatory phrase attributing to him pri- The Manual and Guide for the Corporate Sec- mary responsibility for the firm's progress. Such retary is not of consistently high quality or use- a phrase will cause the recipient to wonder if fulness, although for many subjects that will en- the remark is meant for the benefit of the cor- gage the attention of the corporate secretary the porate secretary himself rather than for the A4anual provides excellent, detailed advice. For stockholder's infornlation. It can be expected instance, the sixteen pages of directions for that most corporate secretaries can and do com- preparation of the firm's annual report to stock- pose better form letters than the examples pro- holders is so concise and clearly presented that vided in the Manual. it is tempting to believe a novice could prepare Despite its occasional short-comings, the Man- an annual report from these instructions. The r~nland Guide for the Corporate Secretary is a compendious fibe-page chronological "Schedule valuable reference work recommended for busi- of Preparation of Annual Report" is an espe- ness libraries and public libraries serving busi- cially noteworthy aid. ness clientele, as well as those for whom it is The examples of forms relating to the cor- specifically published. porate secretary's functions are generally of Richard L. King high quality and, consequently, usefulness. For Graduate School of Business Administration example, Chapter 10 "Bylaws, Forms, and Reso- University of California, Los Angeles Aldine University Atlas. Norton Ginsburg, Har- old Fullard and H. C. Darby, eds. Chicago, Aldine Publ. Co.,1969. viiiJ02p. $8.50.

Marketing & Management: A World Register of Organizations. I. G. Anderson, ed. Beckenham, England, CBD Research, 1969. xii,228p. pap. f 3 THE "PHILA- Controversy Over the (US & Canada $12). (154 High St.) DELPHIA PLAN" "Philadelphia Plan" for Reference Data for Radio Engineers, 5th ed. In- Minority Employment dianapolis, Ind., Howard W. Sams & Co, 1968. includes "Evolution of the Present Fed- approx. 1150p. $20. eral Role," "Basic Elements of Federal Policy," "Operation of the Plan," and "Congress Action in the First Session," as well as Pro & Con arguments. March 1970. THE SCHOOL Controversy in the Con- DESEGREGATION gress over the Stennis CONTROVERSY amendment and other measures affecting Fed- eral school racial policy is examined through factual background articles and Pro & Con discussion. April 1970.

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Ordered by Yearbook of the United Nations 1967 The Concept of a Stable Population The Yearbook is the principal reference work Application to the Study of Populations of of the Organization. It is intended to present Countries with incomplete Demographic Sta- factually, conveniently and concisely, within a tistics (Population Studies, No. 39). single, fully indexed volume, the basic informa- 238pp. $3.50 tion needed to help towards understanding, and following, the workings of the United Nations Growth of the World's Urban and Rural system. I1IOpp. Clothbound $25.00 Population, 1920-2000 Contents include: The world's urban and rural A Study of the Capacity of the United population in 1950 and 1960 as nationally Nations Development System defined; World urbanization trends as measured (Jackson Report) in agglomerations, 1920-1 960; A tentative as- Contents: The Commissioner's Report; Charac- sessment of possible future trends. ter and content of the Programme; Procedures 124pp. $2.00 for planning and operating the Programme; Organization, administration and finance. Rural Housing: A Review of World Con- 570pp. $7.50 ditions The purpose of this study is to make a first at- Practical Benefits of Space Exploration tempt at describing prevailing conditions with respect to rural housing and community facili- A digest of papers presented at the United ties, and constitutes a major new source ofin- Nations Conference on the Exploration and formation hitherto unavailable. 186pp. $3.00 Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, Vienna, 1968. 78pp. $1.OO Handbook of International Trade and De- The full texts of the papers in the language of velopment Statistics submission, supplemented by summaries in the other three Conference languages, will be pub- The purpose of this publication is to provide a lished shortly under the title Space Exploration basic collection of statistical data on world trade and Applications. and development for the use of delegates of UNCTAD conferences as well as for other government officials and research workers in the Policies and Means of Promoting Tech- field of trade and development. 303pp. $4.00 nical Progress Papers presented to the Fifth Meeting of Senior The World Market for Iron Ore Economic Advisers to ECE Governments. Contents include: Consumption of iron ore in Contents include: Policies designed to optimize individual sectors of the iron and steel industry; or influence the output of scientific research Supplies of iron ore: production and reserves; and the flow of technical innovations; Policies International trade in iron ore and development designed to optimize the application of technical of prices; Note on the marketing of iron ore and innovations in industry; Organizational aspects price formation; Constituents of iron-ore costs; of science policy at the national level. Trends in ocean, inland waterway and coastal 159pp. $2.50 transport; Iron-ore requirements in 1970, 1975 and 1980; Trends in iron-ore production 1964- 1970; Iron-ore trade and consumption in 1970; Assistance for Economic and Social De- Prospects for iron-ore production in 1975 and velopment available from the United 1980. 333pp. $4.50 Nations system A Handbook of Criteria and Procedures. World Trade in Steel and Steel Demand in The handbook is intended primarily as a ready Developing Countries reference document for use by government Contents include: The growth of steel demand officials in developing countries who are inter- and of steelmaking capacity; Price develop- ested in knowing what types of assistance in ments, price formation and competition in the what fields are available from the organizations world market; World trade in semi-finished and of the United Nations system, under what cri- finished steel products; The supply of and de- teria or priorities a particular form of assistance mand for steel in industrialized countries; Fac- may be available, and what procedures are to tors influencing steel demand and its product be followed to obtain assistance. 84pp. $1.50 pattern in developing countries. 201 pp. $3.00

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A set of conceptually indexed books and covering the topic, scope and methodol- articles in the political, behavioral, and ogy of the work, and the author's con- social sciences, this work is a basic ten- clusions, as well as the author's name, volume compilation of bibliographies. THE TEN-VOLUME BASIC LIBRARY IS The URS Political Science Series reduces AVAILABLE FOR IMMEDIATE DELIV- ERY AND COVERS THE FOLLOWING literature search time, and brings to the AREAS- searcher's attention many more signifi- Volume I cant works than could be located in any International Affairs Volume ZZ other type search. The volumes contain Leeislative Process.. Renresentation- and De- cisFon Making information on the books of nearly 2400 Volume ZZZ publishers throughout the world. Bibliography of Bibliographies in Political Science, Government and Public Policy All publications included in the Series Volumr ZV Administrative Manaeement: Public and Pri- have been carefully selected by experts vate Bureaucracy in the fields of political and social sci- Volume V Current Events and Problems of Modern So- ence, eliminating any work that does not ciety Volume VZ meet their standards of scholarship, em- Public Opinion. Mass Behavior and Political piricism, or objectivity. Each book is ~sychology Volume VZZ then assigned a number of index terms- Law, Jurisprudence and Judicial Process Volume VIZI in some cases, as many as 21---of several Economic Regulation: Business and Govern. levels of importance, and the concise ment Volume IX summary of document content is pre- Public Policy and the Management of Science .Vnlwmp - .- .. . - -X - pared. A computer sorts and arranges Comparative Government and Cultures this data, for each of the ten political In addition, the Series offers an annual up-dating supplement published, at year end, science subdivisions, into an alphabetized in the form of two clothbound volumes. index and a catalog indexed alphabeti- cally by author. title of the document, book, or article, Each citation or reference presents a the year published, and the publisher or clear, concise summary of the document, name of the journal. For complete descriptive and price information, please contact the Publisher. PRINCETON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY A Division of Plenum Publishing Corporation 1 14 FIFTH AVENUE NEW YORK, N.Y. 1001 1 25~ PLACEMENT

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POSITIONS WANTED

Special Librarian-Young woman. BA in Politi- cal Science, Library Science. 3 years experience as engineering librarian. Seeks position in eastern Mass. or southeastern N.H. Box C-137.

Librarian-3 degrees; wide experience in history, music, art; interested in position N.Y.C. area. Box C-138.

Science Librarian Position-(University or Re- Expert Service on search Library) sought by male, 32, MSLS and MS (geology): 3 yrs experience in operating an Ivy university departmental library and 4v2 yrs MAGAZINE SUBSCRIPTIONS in science documentation, thesaurus construc- tion, & computer-related activities. East Coast for prefcrred but will consider other. Available now. SPECIAL LIBRARIES Resume on request. Box C-139.

0 POSITIONS OPEN Faxon Librarians' Guide Science Librarian-Southern California. The po- Available on Request sition of Librarian at the Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden is now open and applications 0 are being accepted. Applicants should pos5ess a graduate degree in library science and prefer- ence would be given to a person with experience Fast, efficient, centralized service or interest in the fields of botany and horticul- for over 80 years. Library busi- ture or ,the life sciences. The Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden is a privately endowed, autono- ness is our only business! mous institution devoted primarily to research and education and it is affiliated with the Clare- mont Graduate School, one of the six independ- 0 ent colleges at Claremont. The 83-acre garden is located in eastern Los Angeles County and the large metropolitan Los Angeles area, deserts, sea- shore and mountains are all within short driving F. W. FAXON CO., INC. distances. The starting salary is open and fringe 15 Southwest Park Westwood, Mass. 02090 benefits are excellent. For further information Continuous Service To Libraries Since 1886 please write Dr. Lee W. Lenz, Director, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont, Califor- nia 91711. SUNY-Buffalo-Seeks candidates for two posi- Librarian-Information Specialist-Required to tions to work in air-conditioned Soience & En- head the Institute of Animal Resource Ecology gineering Library. 1) Acquisition Librarian to Library of the University of British Columbia. assume charge of new department, setting up The collection, mainly devoted to hydrobiology, procedures for direct ordering of library materi- consists of several thousand separates bound and als for all science/technology library units. Min- author indexed, a broad collection of serials and imum 1-2 years acquisition experience required. a modest collection of books, as well as a very Starting pay $8,490-$9,134; Open: July 1, 1970. 2) large collection of translations. We wish to main- Reference Librarian to assume charge of depart- tain anti expand this material as well as to de- ment and responsible for ILL and reader serv- velop a data source in the broader field of gen- ices. 4-5 years reference experience in science/ eral ecology. We are seeking innovative ap- technology necessary. Starting pay $10,470-$11,- proaches to the compilation, distillation and d~s- 198; Open: September 1, 1970. All positions re- semination of material in this area. Applicants quire graduate library degree. Apply to Robert should have a library degree, experience as an N. Ting, Faculty Librarian, Science 8c Engineer- information specialist, some training in biology ing Library, State IJniversity of New York, Buf- and/or zoology and a familiarity with modern falo, Kew York 14214, including vitae and ref- languages, particularly Russian. The staff will erences. Or call 716-831-4417. comprise the incumbent and two library assistants. The salary is open depending upon experience. The University of British Columbia is Wayne State University-Invites applications for in Vancouver, a beautiful west coast city of and inquiries concerning the following profes- about one million population. Current enroll- sional position: Science Reference Librarian. Re- ment of the University is 22,000. There are ex- quirements: fifth year library degree; relevant cellent medical, disability, group insurance antl subject background and experience. Salary: up superannuation benefits, and four weeks vaca- to $12,000 depending upon qualifications. Work tion. Librarians are eligible to join the Faculty week: 37y2 hours; vacation one month. Con- Club antl Faculty Association. Apply to: Dr. tractual status: initial contract three years; eli- C. S. Holling, Director, Institute of Animal gible for continuing contract (tenure) thereafter. Resource Ecology, University of Bri,tish Colum- Academic status, with all of the material bia, Vancouver 8, B.C., Canada. perquisites thereof. Fringe Benefits: T.I.A.A. retirement plan; social security; health, hospital The University of British Columbia-Invites ap- and life insurance partially subsidized; liberal plications for the following positions: sick leave Salary structure and working condi- Bibliographer to devote full time to the acqui- tions competitive with the best. Apply: Robert sition of research materials in the life sciences. T. Crazier, Acting Director of Libraries, Wayne .4pplicants must have a degree in library sci- State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202. ence, subject background and library experience. Manuscripts Librarian to take over organization Wayne State University-Invites applications for of manuscript collections, mainly in the fields of and inquiries concerning the following profes- regional, business and labour history, plus some sional position: Social Science Librarian. Re- reference work in the Special Collections Divi- quirements: fifth year library degree, relevant sion, which specializes in history of the Pacific subject background and experience. Salary: up to Sorthwest antl early Canatliana and has a staff $1l,000 depending upon qualifications. Work of five. .4cademic qualifications in history, espe- week 37% hours; vacation one month. Con- cially Canadian, training and/or experience in tractual status: initial contract three years; eli- archives work are required. A Library degree gihle for continuing contract (tenure) thereafter. is desirable. Academic status, with all of the material History of Medicine Librarian to be responsible perquisites thereof. Fringe Benefits: T.I.A.A. re- for the organization, development and preserva- tirement plan; social security; health, hospital tion of medical history materials; to compile a and life insurance partially subsidized; liberal catalogue of the historical collection; to coop- sick leave. Salary structure and working contli- erate with the History of the Health Sciences tions competitive with the best. Apply: Robert Department in its teaching program, particularly T. Crazier, Acting Director of Libraries, Wayne in the preparation of displays by stutlents. Pre- State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202. ferred qualifications should include a knowledge of foreign or classical languages, experience as a professional librarian, and education or ex- McGill University Libraries-Wishes to fill the perience relevant to health sciences, biological position of Medical Librarian. Duties include or rare book materials. general responsibilities for one of Canada's larg- Salary for these positions will be on the basis of est medical libraries (135,000 volumes) and co- experience. The University of British Columbia ordination of service with regional hospital antl is in Vancouver, a beautiful west coast city of other university libraries. Training in library 685,000 population. Current enrolment of the science and experience in library administration L:niversity is 22,000. The Library's book collec- required. A knowledge of current development^ tions total more than 1,200,000 and the book and advances in machine and systems techniques budget is more than one million annually. The related to library operations and information Library staff numbers 375 and 90 of these are retrieval desirable. Position available June 1st. professional librarians. There are excellent med- Salary commensurate with background, training ical, disability, group insurance and superannua- and experience. Interested persons should suh- tion benefits, and four weeks' vacation. Librari- mit a curriculum vitae and reference to: Medi- ans are eligible to join. the Faculty Club and cal Librarian Search Committee, c/o Director of Faculty Association. Apply to: Mr. I. F. Bell, McGill University Libraries, 3459 McTavish Associate Librarian, University of British Colum- Street, Montreal, P.Q. bia, Vancouver 8, B.C., Canada. POSITIONS OPEN THE MARKET PLACE Reference Librarian-At least three years experience in reference work. Science background Free! Two Volume Set of Books in Print preferred. Salary $8,700 up. To join excellent ($21.85 value) to new customers. Write our reference department of five librarians. Buck- Mrs. Anne Lacey in the Library Order Dept. for nell University is a coeducational institution of particulars plus our own special free 70 page about 2,800 students situated in central Penn- catalogue of Scientific & Technical Books of All sylvania. 4 weeks annual leave, TIAA. An equal Publishers. Very generous discounts on all tech- opportunity employer. Send rPsum6 and three nical/scientific publishers. L. H. Gleichenhaus references and any inquiries for further info^- Technical & Scientific Book Company, The mation to George M. Jenks, University Librarian, Empire State Building, New York, N.Y. 10001. Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pa. 17837. Back Issue Periodicals-Scientific, Technical, McGill University-Applications are invited for Medical and Liberal Arts. Please submit want the position of: Blacker Wood Librarian-respon- lists and lists of materials for sale or exchange. sible for reference and bibliographic service to Prompt replies assured. G. H. Arrow Co., 4th faculty and students of the biological sciences, & Brown Sts., Philadelphia, Pa. 19123. and for the development of the Blacker-Wood Effective January 1, 1970-Aslib publications are research collection of zoology and ornithology. exclusively represented in the United States, The collection is one of depth containing rare Canada and the Philippines by the Chicorel Li- and valuable historical material5 as well as a brary Publishing Company, 330 West 58 Street, wide range of current publications, and will be Sew York, N.Y. 10019/Tel. (212)246-1743. housed in the newly renovated Redpath Library. Applicants should have an accredited library Quick Translations-French, German translated degree with an academic background or strong into English by technically trained personnel. interest in the biological sciences. At least 3 Efficient. confidential. accurate work. Address years experience is required of which some requests to Mrs. Barbara Farah, 11197 Clinton should have entailed supervisory rcsponsibili- St., Elma, N.Y. 14059. Tel. (716) 684-7168. ties. Four weeks vacation, anti liberal benefits. Salary range starting at $8,600, with allowance Journals For Sale--Chemical Abstracts: 1927- for experience. Apply to Director, McGill Uni- 1933, 1935-1959. $640.00. Box C-136. versi'tv Libraries, 3459 McTavish Street. Mon- treal I 10, P.Q., Canada. Foreign Books and Periodicals-Specialty: Inter- national Con~resses.All~ert 1. Phiebiz" Inc.. Box 352, White pisins, New YorkJ 10602.

INDEX TO ADVERTISERS AMS Press, Inc...... 26~ Complete composition, press Biosciences Information Service .... 24~ and pamphlet binding facilities, cou- R. R. Bowker Company ...... 23~ pled with the knowledge and skill CCM Information Corporation . 9A, 19~ Cardmaster Company ...... 15~ gained through fifty years of experi- The Congressional Digest ...... 15~ ence, can be put to your use-profitably DASA Corporation ...... 6A Ehsco Subscription Services ...... 20~ Engineering Index, Inc...... 22~ The Faraday Press, Inc...... 1~ F. W. Faxon Co., Inc...... ~OA,26~ Gale Research Company ..... Cover IV THE Gaylord Bros., Inc...... 12~ VERMONT Hardwood House ...... 16~ The Heckman Bindery, Inc...... 13~ PRINTING COMPANY McGregor Magazine Agency ...... 22~ The New York Times ..... 5A, 14~,17~ Princeton Information Technology . 25~ Brattleboro, Vermont Charles Scribner's Sons ...... 21~ Society of Manufacturing Engineers . 15~ Stechert-Hafner, Inc...... 24~ Swets & Zeitlinger ...... 2A PRINTERS OF THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL United Nations Publications ...... 18~ OF SPECIAL LIBRARIES ASSOCIATION The Vermont Printing Company ... 28~ The H. W. Wilson Company . Cover I11 Xerox Corp., University Microfilms . 8~ NEW BOOKS TO SEE AT BOOTHS 200-202

Short Story Index Current Biography Composers Since 1900 The Reference Shelf People in Books Library Displays Book Selection and Intellectual Freedom

THE H. W. WILSON COMPANY .CHILDREN'S LORE & LITERATURE

These beautiful and fascinating books are selected from such respected guides as Haviland Children's Literature: A Guide to Reference Sourres; Haywood Bibliography of North American Folklore and Folksong; and Pellowski The World nf Cl~ilclren'sLiterature. Subjects covered include Fables, Nursery Rhymes. Children's Games,Story-Telling. Folk Tales, and Pub- lishers of Children's Books. Many of the books are delightfully illustrated with quaint woodcuts.

Halliwell-Phillipps, James Orchard Power, Effie THE NURSERY RHYMES OF ENG- BAG 0' TALES: A Source Book LAND, Obtained Principally from for Story-Tellers. Oral Tradition. Presents more than fifty folktales, myths, An extensive collection of traditional nur- fables, hero tales and literary tales; the sery rhymes popular before 1800. Divided lntroduction deals with the importance of according to type : historical, jingles, prov- storytelling. Illus. ; Bibliogs. ; Index. Cited erbs, lullabies, customs, etc. Annotations; in Haviland ; Pellowski. App. ; Index. Cited in Bonser; Haviland; 1934/340p./$8.00 Haywood ; Pellowski. Hewins, Caroline M. 1843/264p./$9.50 A MID-CENTURY CHILD AND Tuer, Andrew W. HER BOOKS. PAGES AND PICTURES FROM "A charming recollection of a mid-19th- FORGOTTEN CHILDREN'S century Boston childhood and of books BOOKS. that were a special delight as well as a great influence in later life." (Haviland) .Tuer's well-known and beloved book of 35 Illus. Cited in Haviland; Pellowski ; pages and pictures is a compilation of title Sonnenschein. 19261136p. lS4.75 pages, text, and illustrations from English children's books of the eighteenth and Halsey, Rosalie V. nineteenth centuries. 400 Illus. ; Index. FORGOTTEN BOOKS OF THE Cited in Haviland ; Pellowski. AMERICAN NURSERY: A History 1898-9/51Op./ $8.50 of the Development of the Ameri- GOODY TWO-SHOES. A Fac- can Story-Book. simile Reproduction of the Edi- "A careful analysis of early American books tion of 1766 with an lntroduction studied not merely as 'curiosities' but as a by Charles Welsh. means of tracing the progress of American literature for children." (Haviland) Illus. ; The authentic old spellings, quaint type, Index. Cited in Haviland; Haywood ; and delightful illustrations make this a most Pellowski. 1911 /245p./$8.50 interesting edition of the famous story that ranks among the English classics. Illus.; WRITE FOR THE COMPLETE App. Cited in Haviland. SINGING TREE PRESS CATALOG 188111 60p./$6.00 ORDER ANY TITLE ON McGuffey, William Holmes THIRTY-DAY APPROVAL OLD FAVORITES FROM THE McGUFFEY READERS. This centennial anthology, edited by Harvey C. Minnich, contains the best se- lectionsfrom the series which sold 122 million copies in the nineteenth century. A DIVISION OF GALE RESEARCH COMPANY 19361482~.1$1 0.00 BOOK TOWER . DETROIT. MICHIGAN 48226