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Annual Report for Fiscal Year 1934
TWENTY SECOND ANNUAL REPORT OF THE SI CRETARY OF COMMERCE 1934 t to sea1gtat Petletlie UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE WASHINGTON 1934 Fo sale by the Superintendent of Documents Washington D C Price 20 cents paper cover ORGANIZATION OF THE DEPARTMENT Secretary of Commerce DANIEr C ROPER Assistant Secretary of Commerce JOHN DICKINSON Assistant Secretary of Commerce EwINO Y MITCHELL Solicitor SOUTH TRIMBLE JR Administrative Assistant to the Secretary MALCOLM KERmx Chief Clerk and Superintendent EDWARD W LIBBEY Director Bureau of Air Commerce EUGENE L VIDAL Director of the Census WILLIAM L AUSTIN Director Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce C T MURCHHISON Director National Bureau of Standards LYnIAN J BRIGGS Commissioner of Fisheries Fnnxrc T BELL Commissioner of Lighthouses GEORGE R PUTNAM Director Coast and Geodetic Survey R 5 PATTON Director Bureau of Navigation and Steamboat Inspection JosERLL B WEAVER Commissioner of Patents CONWAY P COE Director United States Shipping Board Bureau J 0 PEACOCK Director Federal Employment Stabilization Office D II SAWYER n CONTENTS Page Expenditures vii Public works allotments xix Changes in organization VIII Discussion of functions of the Department LX Economic review Ix Reciprocal trade program xix Foreign and domestic commerce xix Air commerce XxI Lighthouse Service xxn Enforcement of navigation and steamboat inspection laws xxiv Surveying and mapping xxiv Fisheries xxvt National standards xxvxt Census activities xxrx Patents xxix Merchant marine xxx Foreigntrade zones xxxii Street and -
AABTKJX0 Giesecke ©2004 by Prentice Hall, Inc
Figure Number: 03-01 AABTKJX0 Giesecke ©2004 by Prentice Hall, Inc. Engineering Graphics, 8E A Pearson Company Page Number: Principal Items of Equipment. Figure Number: 03-02 AABTKJY0 Giesecke ©2004 by Prentice Hall, Inc. Engineering Graphics, 8E A Pearson Company Page Number: The T-square. Figure Number: 03-03 AABTKJZ0 Giesecke ©2004 by Prentice Hall, Inc. Engineering Graphics, 8E A Pearson Company Page Number: Testing the Working Edge of the Drawing Board. Figure Number: 03-04 AABTKKA0 Giesecke ©2004 by Prentice Hall, Inc. Engineering Graphics, 8E A Pearson Company Page Number: Testing the T-square. Figure Number: 03-05 AABTKKB0 Giesecke ©2004 by Prentice Hall, Inc. Engineering Graphics, 8E A Pearson Company Page Number: Placing Paper on Drawing Board. Figure Number: 03-06 AABTKKC0 Giesecke ©2004 by Prentice Hall, Inc. Engineering Graphics, 8E A Pearson Company Page Number: Positions of Drafting Tape. Figure Number: 03-07 a-c AABTKKD0 Giesecke ©2004 by Prentice Hall, Inc. Engineering Graphics, 8E A Pearson Company Page Number: Drawing Pencils. Hard Medium Soft The hard leads in this group (left) These grades are for general These leads are too soft to be useful are used where extreme accuracy purpose work in technical drawing. in mechanical drafting. Their use for is required, as on graphical com- The softer grades (right) are used such work results in smudged, rough putations and charts and diagrams. for technical sketching, for letter- lines that are hard to erase, and the The softer leads in this group ing, arrowheads, and other free- lead must be sharpened continually. (right) are sometimes used for line hand work on mechanical These grades are used for art work work on engineering drawings, but drawings. -
Surveying and Drawing Instruments
SURVEYING AND DRAWING INSTRUMENTS MAY \?\ 10 1917 , -;>. 1, :rks, \ C. F. CASELLA & Co., Ltd II to 15, Rochester Row, London, S.W. Telegrams: "ESCUTCHEON. LONDON." Telephone : Westminster 5599. 1911. List No. 330. RECENT AWARDS Franco-British Exhibition, London, 1908 GRAND PRIZE AND DIPLOMA OF HONOUR. Japan-British Exhibition, London, 1910 DIPLOMA. Engineering Exhibition, Allahabad, 1910 GOLD MEDAL. SURVEYING AND DRAWING INSTRUMENTS - . V &*>%$> ^ .f C. F. CASELLA & Co., Ltd MAKERS OF SURVEYING, METEOROLOGICAL & OTHER SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS TO The Admiralty, Ordnance, Office of Works and other Home Departments, and to the Indian, Canadian and all Foreign Governments. II to 15, Rochester Row, Victoria Street, London, S.W. 1911 Established 1810. LIST No. 330. This List cancels previous issues and is subject to alteration with out notice. The prices are for delivery in London, packing extra. New customers are requested to send remittance with order or to furnish the usual references. C. F. CAS ELL A & CO., LTD. Y-THEODOLITES (1) 3-inch Y-Theodolite, divided on silver, with verniers to i minute with rack achromatic reading ; adjustment, telescope, erect and inverting eye-pieces, tangent screw and clamp adjustments, compass, cross levels, three screws and locking plate or parallel plates, etc., etc., in mahogany case, with tripod stand, complete 19 10 Weight of instrument, case and stand, about 14 Ibs. (6-4 kilos). (2) 4-inch Do., with all improvements, as above, to i minute... 22 (3) 5-inch Do., ... 24 (4) 6-inch Do., 20 seconds 27 (6 inch, to 10 seconds, 403. extra.) Larger sizes and special patterns made to order. -
MICHIGAN STATE COLLEGE Paul W
A STUDY OF RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AND INVENTIONS IN ENGINEERING INSTRUMENTS Thai: for III. Dean. of I. S. MICHIGAN STATE COLLEGE Paul W. Hoynigor I948 This]: _ C./ SUPP! '3' Nagy NIH: LJWIHL WA KOF BOOK A STUDY OF RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AND INVENTIONS IN ENGINEERING’INSIRUMENTS A Thesis Submitted to The Faculty of MICHIGAN‘STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND.APPLIED SCIENCE by Paul W. Heyniger Candidate for the Degree of Batchelor of Science June 1948 \. HE-UI: PREFACE This Thesis is submitted to the faculty of Michigan State College as one of the requirements for a B. S. De- gree in Civil Engineering.' At this time,I Iish to express my appreciation to c. M. Cade, Professor of Civil Engineering at Michigan State Collegeafor his assistance throughout the course and to the manufacturers,vhose products are represented, for their help by freely giving of the data used in this paper. In preparing the laterial used in this thesis, it was the authors at: to point out new develop-ants on existing instruments and recent inventions or engineer- ing equipment used principally by the Civil Engineer. 20 6052 TAEEE OF CONTENTS Chapter One Page Introduction B. Drafting Equipment ----------------------- 13 Chapter Two Telescopic Inprovenents A. Glass Reticles .......................... -32 B. Coated Lenses .......................... --J.B Chapter three The Tilting Level- ............................ -33 Chapter rear The First One-Second.Anerican Optical 28 “00d011 ‘6- -------------------------- e- --------- Chapter rive Chapter Six The Latest Type Altineter ----- - ................ 5.5 TABLE OF CONTENTS , Chapter Seven Page The Most Recent Drafting Machine ........... -39.--- Chapter Eight Chapter Nine SmOnnB By Radar ....... - ------------------ In”.-- Chapter Ten Conclusion ------------ - ----- -. -
World War Ii History of the Department of Commerce
WORLD WAR II HISTORY OF THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PART 5 US COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE CHARLES SAWYER, Secretary COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY ROBERT F.A. STUDDS, Director WORLD WAR II HISTORY Of the COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY UNITED STATES GOERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE – WASHINGTON: 1951 INTRODUCTION 1 LEGISLATION AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING WAR DUTIES 2 TRANSFERS, RECRUITING, AND TRAINING OF PERSONNEL 3 WORLD WAR II HISTORY OF THE COAST AND GEODETIC SURVEY INTRODUCTION The normal work of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, carried on throughout the United States and its possessions, includes (1) surveys of the coastal waters and adjoining land areas; (2) observation, study, and prediction of ocean tides and currents, and of the earth’s magnetic elements; (3) geodetic control surveys and related gravity and astronomical observations; (4) production of nautical and aeronautical charts; and (5) seismological observations and investigations. These activities provide information essential for water and air navigation, for mapping, and for many other strategic purposes, and thus assume vital importance in time of war. Personnel engaged in this work acquire training and experience invaluable in many phases of military activities. Beginning during the period when preparations were being made for national defense and continuing throughout the war the Coast and Geodetic Survey was called upon to furnish, in increasing volume, a great variety of products and services which were required for virtually all classes of war operations. Activities of the Bureau carried on for these purposes were principally in the following three categories: 1. Transfer of personnel, ships, and equipment to the Army, Navy, and Marine Corps. -
Instruments and Methods of Physical Measurement
INSTRUMENTS AND METHODS OF PHYSICAL MEASUREMENT By J. W. MOORE, . i» Professor of Mechanics and Experimental Philosophy, LAFAYETTE COLLEGE. Easton, Pa.: The Eschenbach Printing House. 1892. Copyright by J. W. Moore, 1892 PREFACE. 'y'HE following pages have been arranged for use in the physical laboratory. The aim has been to be as concise as is con- sistent with clearness. sources of information have been used, and in many cases, perhaps, the ipsissima verba of well- known authors. j. w. M. Lafayette College, August 23,' 18g2. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Measurement of A. Length— I. The Diagonal Scale 7 11. The Vernier, Straight 8 * 111. Mayer’s Vernier Microscope . 9 IV. The Vernier Calipers 9 V. The Beam Compass 10 VI. The Kathetometer 10 VII. The Reading Telescope 12 VIII. Stage Micrometer with Camera Lucida 12 IX. Jackson’s Eye-piece Micrometer 13 X. Quincke’s Kathetometer Microscope 13 XI. The Screw . 14 a. The Micrometer Calipers 14 b. The Spherometer 15 c. The Micrometer Microscope or Reading Microscope . 16 d. The Dividing Engine 17 To Divide a Line into Equal Parts by 1. The Beam Compass . 17 2. The Dividing Engine 17 To Divide a Line “Originally” into Equal Parts by 1. Spring Dividers or Beam Compass 18 2. Spring Dividers and Straight Edge 18 3. Another Method 18 B. Angees— 1. Arc Verniers 19 2. The Spirit Level 20 3. The Reading Microscope with Micrometer Attachment .... 22 4. The Filar Micrometer 5. The Optical Method— 1. The Optical Lever 23 2. Poggendorff’s Method 25 3. The Objective or English Method 28 6. -
General Index 1923 - 1990
INTERNATIONAL HYDROGRAPHIC ORGANIZATION THE INTERNATIONAL HYDROGRAPHIC REVIEW GENERAL INDEX 1923 - 1990 to papers published from 1923 to 1990 by alphabetical order of authors Published by the INTERNATIONAL HYDROGRAPHIC BUREAU MONACO - October 1993 500X-1993 P-2 INTERNATIONAL HYDROGRAPHIC ORGANIZATION THE INTERNATIONAL HYDROGRAPHIC REVIEW GENERAL INDEX 1923 - 1990 to papers published from 1923 to 1990 by alphabetical order of authors Published by the INTERNATIONAL HYDROGRAPHIC BUREAU MONACO - October 1993 PREFACE By Rear Admiral Christian Andreasen President of the Directing Committee Throughout the history of the International Hydrographic Organization one of the important functions of the organization has been to foster the transfer of information between Member States. The publication of professional papers in the INTERNATIONAL HYDROGRAPHIC REVIEW concerning hydrography and topics related thereto has provided hydrographers throughout the world with information of great significance for the advancement of mapping and charting. We hydrographers can be proud of the quality products that have resulted which, in turn, have fostered the safety of navigation, advanced the scientific knowledge of the oceans and served to protect our marine environment. This GENERAL INDEX 1923-1990 of the INTERNATIONAL HYDROGRAPHIC REVIEW is published to provide ready access to this important series of articles which document the history not only of the International Hydrographic Organization, but also that of hydrography itself. TABLE OF CONTENTS Number Item Page I Aids and Radio Aids to Navigation 1 II Astronomy and Navigation 13 III Automated systems - data logging and processing 24 IV Cartography 29 V Data Management of Swath Sounding Systems - Monograph 1988 39 VI Engraving and reproduction of charts 40 VII Geodesy 44 VIII Geographical positions 55 IX Historical, personal and obituary notices 58 X Hydrographic Training and Technical Assistance 69 XI Hydrographic work. -
Measuring and Layout
DRILLING DRILLING MEASURING AND LAYOUT TAPE MEASURES CHALK LINES/PLUMB BOBS DIGITAL MEASURING PRECISION MEASURING RULERS/SQUARES LEVELS PROTRACTORS MARKING TOOLS AND FLAGGING TAPES Measuring and Layout 1 TAPE MEASURES INDUSTRIAL TAPE MEASURES - SAE INDUSTRIAL TAPE MEASURES - SAE/METRIC • Durable nylon coated blade • Durable nylon coated blade • High contrast blade for easy reading • High contrast blade for easy reading • Impact resistant case with rubberized grip • Impact resistant case with rubberized grip • Easy slide lock in any position • Easy slide lock in any position Item # Size Item # Size 27904 1" x 16' 27902 5/8" x 10' (3M) 27906 1" x 25' 27908 1" x 25' (7.5M) NEW PROFESSIONAL TAPE MEASURES - SAE/ PROFESSIONAL TAPE MEASURES - SAE METRIC • Impact resistant rubberized case • Impact resistant rubberized case • Easy-to-read black and red markings • Easy-to-read black and red markings • Slide-down bar locks tape in any position • Slide-down bar locks tape in any position • Tru-zero hook and removable belt clip • Tru-zero hook and removable belt clip Item # Size Item # Size Item # Size Item # Size 27914 1" x 16' 27922 1-1/4" x 16' 27916 1" x 16' (5M) 27924 1-1/4" x 16' (5M) 27918 1" x 25' 27926 1-1/4" x 25' 27920 1" x 25' (7.5M) 27928 1-1/4" x 25' (7.5M) 2 Measuring and Layout Tape Measures/Long Tapes NEW 1" X 25' TAPE MEASURE FRACTIONAL 1" X 25' (7.5M) TAPE MEASURE MARKINGS - SAE DOUBLE SIDED - SAE/METRIC • Easy read fractional markings • Best when taking measurements at a height • Impact resistant rubberized case • Impact resistant -
Memorial to Paul Albert Smith 1901-1978 M
Memorial to Paul Albert Smith 1901-1978 M. KING HUBBERT 5208 Westwood Drive, Washington, D.C. 20016 Paul Albert Smith had a long and productive career in public service. A native of Iowa, Smith was born on January 9, 1901. He received his professional education at the University of Michigan, earning the Bachelor of Science degree in engineering in 1924. It was there also that he met and married Sylvia Ralston in 1923. She and their two children, Paul Albert, Jr., and Kathryn Caro line (Mrs. Robert H. Gifford), are his survivors. Following his graduation from the University of Michigan, Smith joined the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey where he served for twenty-two years as an engi neer and commissioned officer with successive ranks from ensign to commander. From 1926 to 1939 he was a hydrographic and geodetic engineer, conducting surveys in several states, and in the coastal waters of the United States, the Philippine Islands, and Alaska. From 1939 to 1946 he was Chief of the Aeronauti cal Chart Branch of the Coast and Geodetic Survey, supervising the design and production of aeronautical charts for the United States and Allied forces. The standards thus established were subsequently adopted, with minor amendments, as the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) World Aeronautical Charts. In 1946 Smith was transferred to the State Department as Alternate U.S. Representa tive on the Interim Council of the newly established Provisional Internationa! Civil Aviation Agency. From 1947 to 1953, with the rank of Minister, and temporary rank of rear admiral, he was the U.S. -
A Manual of the Principal Instruments Used In
THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY 02Co^ REMOTE STORAGE CENTRAL CIRCULATION BOOKSTACKS The person charging this material is re- ' sponsible for its return to the library from which it was borrowed on or before the Latest Date stamped below. Theft, mutiletiorv and underlining of books are reosons for disciplinory action and may result In dismissal from the University. TO RENEW CALL TELEPHONE CENTER, 333-8400 UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LIBRARY AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN When renewing by phone, write new due date below previous due date. L162 . Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign Alternates : ija- https://archive.org/details/manualofprincipa00wleg_5 Lifmm' Of THE 4 Miidt' l)y W., .V '{irilT'RILilhi'T, T’ISW'iY. R, T : OF THE PRINCIPAL INSTRUMENTS USED IN Jimfrifan dpiiginening aiiij Swrljegiitg, MANUFACTURED BY W. & L. E. GURLEY. THE LIBRARY RF THE tJSlVEfiSlTy OF JLIINOIS. THIRD EDITION. TROY, N. Y. PUBLISHED BY W. & L. E. GURLEY. Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1855 ^ BY W. & L. E, GURLEY, In the Clerk’K Office of the District Court for the Northern District of New York. 0 , 5^(,,3 remote Q365-yvi3 m UBBARY OF THE Li^®. 24 1933 I >/? -J *** ILUNOBi COMPASSES. n? n/)^ Plain, with Jacob Staff rnountmgs, 4 inch needle, $20,00 (< (( (( U i( (< (( g 25.00 “ “ '‘ 6 . 28.00 “ “ “ Vernier, 6 . 35,00 “ “ Rail Road, 6-^ §5,00 Compass Tripod, with Cherry legs,. J 5,00 “ “ lev’g screws and Clamp and Tang’t moTem’t, 12,00 “ “ “ “ “ “ “ without “ 10,00 Compound Tangent Ball 4,00 Brass Cover for compass glass, 1,00 TRANSITS. -
Scripps and NOAA- 90 Years of Intertwining Efforts
Scripps and NOAA- 90 Years of Intertwining Efforts By Captain Albert E. Theberge NOAA Corps (ret.) Acting Head of Reference NOAA Central Library Presented at: GEBCO Science Days October 4, 2011 Scripps Institution of Oceanography – Highlighted in the Hydrographic Bulletin of Japan in 1950. This underscores that the mapping of the Pacific Ocean has been an international and inter-organizational effort involving representatives from many nations including the United States, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, Germany, Russia, Peru, Chile, Mexico and others. Besides academic and hydrographic agencies of many nations, the United States Navy, the USGS, and other organizations have been involved. The first bathymetric map of the Pacific Ocean -1877 by Augustus Petermann showing tracks of the CHALLENGER, GAZELLE, and TUSCARORA George Davidson’s map of the Monterey submerged valley, published in: Davidson, George, 1897. The submerged valleys of the coast of California, U. S. A., and of Lower California, Mexico. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences, pp. 73-103. First 3-D image of part of continental shelf and slope in Pacific Ocean. Sent to American Geographical Society on May 24, 1887. Note highs to west of Cape Mendocino, Monterey Canyon and borderlands. Also escarpments off Oregon coast. Produced by Isaac Winston of the Coast and Geodetic Survey. 1924 C&GS Ships GUIDE , DISCOVER, and PIONEER proceed to West Coast – conduct oceanographic work for Scripps during San Diego inport s- conduct radio-acoustic ranging experiments– George McEwen of Scripps analyzes water samples for salinity helping develop first velocity tables- install automatic tide gauge and RAR station on Scripps Pier Francis Parker Shepard 1897-1985 . -
General Workshop
CARPENTRY INTRODUCTION Wood is an important engineering material that is extensively used in the buildings and industries. ‘Timber’ is another name for wood, which is obtained from exogeneous trees. “Wood Working” means processing of wood by hand and machines for making articles of different shapes and sizes. It is further divided into two groups; (1) Carpentry (2) Pattern making. Carpentry is the common term used with any class of work with wood. Pattern making deals with the type and construction of wooden patterns. Steel Rule Four fold rule Flexible tape Blade Try square Stock List of Tools I. Marking and Measuring tools 1. Pencil 9. Combination square 2. Steel rule 10. Marking Knife (Scriber) 3. Four fold rule 11 Marking Gauge 4. Flexible tape 12 Mortise Gauge 5. Straight Edge 13. Wing compass 6. Try square 14. Trammel (beam compass) 7. Mitre Square 15 Calipers (Outside and Inside) 8. Bevel Square 16. Spirit level and plumb bob II. Cutting tools A. Saws B. Chisels C. Axes (a). Saws (b). Chisels 1. Hand Saw a. Firmer Chisel (Cross cut saw) 2. Rip Saw b. Bevel edged 3. Tenon saw (Back saw) c. Pairing Chisel 4. Panel Saw d. Mortise chisel 5. Dovetail Saw e. Gouges (Inside & outside) (c). Axes a. Side Axe b. Adze III. Planinng Tools a. Jack plane (wooden & Metal) b. Smoothing plane c. Rebate plane d. Spoke shave e. Trying plane f. Plough plane g. Router plane Bevel Square Marking knife Mortise gauge Marking gauge Marking pin IV. Boring Tools a. Gimlet b. Bradawl c. Brace (Ratchet & Wheel brace) d.