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Environmental Assessment and Review Framework IND Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism (RRP IND 40648) Environmental Assessment and Review Framework Document Stage: Draft for Consultation Project Number: P40648 July 2010 IND: Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism The environmental assessment and review framework is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. I. Introduction A. Project Background 1. The India Infrastructure Development Investment Program for Tourism (IDIPT) envisages an environmentally and culturally sustainable and socially inclusive tourism development, in the project states of Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand. The project uses a sector loan approach through a multitranche financing facility modality likely in five tranches planned from 2011-2020. The expected impact of the Project in the four states is sustainable and inclusive tourism development in priority State tourism sub circuits divided into marketable cluster destinations that exhibit enhanced protection and management of key natural and cultural heritage tourism sites, improved market connectivity, enhanced destination and site environment and tourist support infrastructure, and enhanced capacities for sustainable destination and site development with extensive participation by the private sector and local communities. The investment program outputs will be (i) improved basic urban infrastructure (such as water supply, sanitation, road and public transport, solid waste management, and environmental improvement) and incidental services (such as public toilets, street signage and lighting) at existing and emerging tourist destinations and gateways; (ii) improved connectivity to tourist attractions focusing on the improvement of last-mile connectivity; (iii) enhanced quality of natural and cultural tourist attractions to ensure convenience and safety for visitors; (iv) greater participation by local communities in tourism-related economic and livelihood activities; and (v) strengthened capacity of concerned sector agencies and local communities for planning, development, management, and marketing of tourist destinations and attractions, and promoting private sector participation and small businesses. 2. Supporting programs will be established for developing the capacities to promote private sector participation and small businesses to increase the benefits they gain from tourism, and stimulating more active tourism-related economic and livelihood activities. Consultancy will support project implementation and programs for developing the capacities of sector agencies for sustainable management of tourism and related infrastructure and services. Two batches of subprojects are anticipated from each participating state, which the government will then consolidate, if applicable, and forward to ADB in the form of periodic financing requests (PFRs). The first PFR covering the first batch of two participating states with advanced project readiness (i.e., Himachal Pradesh and Punjab) will be processed together with the MFF. Five PFRs (including the first one) are anticipated under the investment program. 3. The investment program uses a sector approach which requires preparation of an Environmental Assessment Review Framework (EARF) that sets out specific procedures to be followed for subprojects, and for implementation of the project as a whole. The EARF is in accordance with Government of India (the Government) rules and Asian Development Bank (ADB) safeguard policies. The EARF reviews the types of subprojects anticipated under the project and summarizes potential environmental impacts. The EARF provides an overview of the regulations of the Government, as well as the states and ADB (as per its Safeguards Policy Statement, 2009 [SPS 2009]) related to environmental assessment, specifically concerning project environmental classification, review and clearance requirements. Organization for environmental management and responsibilities for project tasks are enumerated within the project team and the respective state Tourism Departments, along with guidance on capacity building needs. The subprojects proposed are expected to better the environmental conditions, in terms of improved access to infrastructure and basic services for the communities and the tourists. Any adverse impacts on natural and cultural heritage tourist destinations can be 2 addressed through proven mitigation measures including adoption of careful site selection and good engineering practices during construction. 4. Initial Environmental Examinations (IEEs) for the sample cluster destination sub- projects, in the states of Punjab and Himachal Pradesh have been prepared. For each of the IEEs, an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) outlining the specific environmental measures to be adhered to during implementation of the subproject have been prepared. These IEEs shall form the basis for development of IEEs for other clusters to be taken up subsequently in the project. To enable effective integration of the environmental management provisions in the EMP into the bid/contract documents, during the preparation of the detailed designs, the EMPs for the cluster shall be broken down into EMPs for individual contract packages, which will be verified by the implementing agencies. 5. To ensure that impacts during construction stage on the subproject sites are minimized, environmental clauses, defining the good engineering practices and construction methods, are provided in the IEE. These clauses shall form part of the construction contracts. The operational impacts of these facilities are expected to be minimal. Exceptions being subprojects within protected areas,1 where the impacts due to enhanced tourist movement within protected areas, leading to habitat impairment during operation phase, if due care is not taken, including the efficient planning and management of tourism activities within the protected areas. Similarly, in case of cultural heritage sites and other tourist destinations, impacts induced due to the increase in visitor volumes in terms of pressures on existing infrastructure systems at these sites need to be mitigated through planning and management of waste management provisions in these locations. These issues are addressed through the IEEs and subproject selection criteria. 6. The mandatory requirements of the Government and State environmental legislations may also necessitate the proposed components to go through the environmental assessment process at an appropriate level. Hence, considering these issues and particularly to facilitate the State-level executing agencies with definite environmental criteria to be met for implementation of subprojects and subcomponents, this environmental framework has been prepared. 7. Above all, this exercise ensures that the Project, in its cycle, will not deteriorate or interfere with the environmental sensitivity of a project area but rather improve environmental quality. Moreover, any component included in the Project shall comply with the environmental requirements of the Government, the respective State Governments, and ADB's Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS, 2009).2 Details of components and sample subprojects under the project are given below. B. Overview of the Subproject Components 8. The proposed project is being formulated as a sector loan to be implemented from 2011 to 2020 in the various cluster destinations in the identified tourism circuits in the four project states. The typical activities proposed for the cluster destinations are outlined in Table 1. Each of the clusters is likely to have some or all of the components presented. 1 In accordance with government frameworks, the protected areas include wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, conservation areas and community reserves. 2 The ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (2009) is available at: http://www.adb.org/Documents/Policies/Safeguards/Safeguard-Policy-Statement-June2009.pdf 3 Table 1: Overview of the Subproject components S. No. Component Illustrative activities 1 Municipal Services Water supply, sanitation, solid waste management, drainage and flood control, and use of renewable energy applications. 2 Tourist Support Visitor information and interpretation facilities; public toilets; signage, Infrastructure and Services lighting and landscaping; community markets; and CBT facilities and services at tourist attractions, destinations and gateway centres 3 Tourist Destination Eligible infrastructure and services include heliports, last-mile Connectivity Infrastructure connectivity improvements, wayside facilities, and traffic management infrastructure (circulation and parking). 4 Heritage Restoration and Conservation of historic and cultural heritage buildings and structures; Conservation Protection and improvement of habitat quality in the protected areas, including forests, wildlife sanctuaries, conservation reserves, community reserves and wetlands; and Facilitating conversion of cultural buildings for sustainable adaptive reuse. 9. Cluster destinations and sample subprojects in the two states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab have been identified for inclusion in the first Periodic Financing Request (PFR) of the Project. The sites for these sample subprojects have been identified and impacts verified on ground with meaningful consultations with key stakeholders. The sample subprojects have been appraised in detail and used to classify
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