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International Journal of Academic Research ISSN: 2348-7666; Vol.3, Issue-1(2), January, 2016 Impact Factor: 3.075; Email: [email protected] Dr. E.Apparao, Professor, Department of Management Studies, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Management and Science, Atchempeta, Kakinada-533005 Vinay Chaitanya Ganta, Senior Research Fellow (Ph.D), Department of Commerce and Management Studies, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam – 530003 Dr. N. Kishore babu , Professor, Department of Commerce and Management Studies, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam – 530003 exploitation of land-intensive natural resources such as agriculture and Rural development is the forestry. However, changes in global process of improving the quality of life production networks and increased and economic well-being of people living urbanization have changed the character in relatively isolated and sparsely of rural areas. Increasingly tourism, populated areas. Rural Development is a niche manufacturers, and recreation have process of change, by which the efforts of replaced resource extraction and the people themselves are united, those of agriculture as dominant economic government authorities to improve their drivers. The need for rural communities economic, social and cultural conditions to approach development from a wider of communities in to the life of the nation perspective has created more focus on a and to enable them to contribute fully to broad range of development goals rather national programme.Rural development than merely creating incentive for has traditionally centered on the International Journal of Academic Research ISSN: 2348-7666; Vol.3, Issue-1(2), January, 2016 Impact Factor: 3.075; Email: [email protected] agricultural or resource based businesses. state Governments for poverty reduction, Education, entrepreneurship, physical employment generation, rural infrastructure, and social infrastructure infrastructure habitant development, all play an important role in developing provision of basic minimum services. The rural regions. Rural development is also important programmes presently being characterized by its emphasis on locally implemented by the Department are: produced economic development Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana strategies. (PMGSY) Information Technology in rural Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar approach is concerned first and foremost Yojana (SGSY) to people. It seeks to gain an accurate and realistic understanding of people's Rural Housing (Indira Awaas Yojana) strengths and how they develop into positive livelihood outcomes. It is DRDA Administration important to note that IT can generate Training Schemes multiple benefits in providing better usage of natural resources, Enhance the Promotion of Voluntary Schemes and economic status, Education and Social Action Programme, Employment, and Administration organization of beneficiaries, (Governance). Fortunately, India advancement and dissemination of took to IT early compared to many other rural technology through CAPART developing countries. The nationwide Monitoring mechanism. network of computers set up by the National Informatics Centre took the PC Keeping in view the fact that Rural to every district in the country, making Roads are vital to economic growth and government level interaction and measures for poverty alleviation in the communication faster for planners. The village, Government have launched a internet has now given us an opportunity 100% Centrally Sponsored Scheme called to take the PC to every village. It has a the definite role to play in rural education, ). The Programme seeks to health and agriculture. In the Indian provide connectivity to all unconnected situation, a PC need not be a personal habitations in the rural areas with a computer. It can be a community population of more than 500 persons computer. In the day time, it can be used through good All-weather roads by the to educate children at primary and end of the Tenth Plan Period. In respect middle level in the village school. In the of the Hill States (North-East, Sikkim, evening, the community computer can Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, turn into a "cyber dhaba" for villagers, Uttaranchal) and the Desert Areas, the where they can access web-sites of their objective would be to connect habitations choice and get information that they can with a population of 250 persons and use. above. The is the single self- The Department of Rural employment programme for the rural Development is implementing a number poor. The Yojana which came in to effect of programmes in rural areas through the from 1.4.1999, has been conceived as a International Journal of Academic Research ISSN: 2348-7666; Vol.3, Issue-1(2), January, 2016 Impact Factor: 3.075; Email: [email protected] holistic programme covering all aspects of has gained an self-employment like organization of important position in rural development rural poor into Self Help Groups (SHGs) activities concerning various poverty and their capacity building, training, alleviation programmes. As training, planning of activity clusters, research and development are closely infrastructure development, financial linked, continuing education of both assistance through bank credit and policy makers and programme subsidy and marketing support etc. implementers is imperative. Towards facilitating this, National Housing is one of the basic has been requirements for human conducting training programmes, survival. Therefore, construction of workshops, seminars and international houses was included as one of the major programmes. In addition, extensive activities under the National Rural support has been provided to a number of Employment Programme which begun in training and research institutions dealing 1980. Rural Landless Employment with issues related to rural development. Guarantee Programme (RLEGP) begun in 1983. was In order to strengthen the DRDAs launched during 1985-1986 as a sub and to make them more professional and scheme of RLEGP and thereafter it effective, a new centrally sponsored continued as a sub scheme of Jawahar scheme, namely, Rozgar Yojana. From 1st January 1986 has been introduced from 1st April, 1999 IAY was delinked from JRY and made an based on the recommendations of an independent scheme. The Government of inter-ministerial committee known as the India, in 1998 announced a National Shankar Committee. The scheme Housing and Habitat policy which aims replaces the earlier practice of allocating at providing “Housing for all” and percentage of programme funds to the facilitating the construction of 20 lakh administrative cost. Under this, a additional housing units (13 lakh in rural separate provision has been made to meet areas and 7 in urban areas) with the administrative expenses of the emphasis on standing benefits to the poor DRDAs who are expected to effectively and the deprived. The intention is to manage and implement the schemes. end shelterlessness and ensure the of conversion of all unserviceable kucca development activities provide various houses by pucca houses by the end of stakeholders in these activities with 11th plan period. The Action plan is better means for learning from past being implemented through various experience, improving service delivery, programmes such as Indira Awaas Yojana planning and allocating resources, and (IAY), Credit cum Subsidy Scheme for demonstrating results as part of Rural Housing, Innovative Scheme for accountability to key stakeholders. A Rural Housing and Habitat Development, comprehensive multi-level, multi-tool Rural Building Centres, Equity system of Monitoring and Evaluation of Contribution by Ministry of Rural the policy and implementation Development to HUDCO and National environments of the programmes of the Mission for Rural Housing and Habitat. Ministry has been evolved over the years. In view of the vast canvas for International Journal of Academic Research ISSN: 2348-7666; Vol.3, Issue-1(2), January, 2016 Impact Factor: 3.075; Email: [email protected] implementation of the programmes of the are being pursued for delegation of Ministry, the monitoring of the adequate administrative and financial programmes is taken up at various levels. powers to PRIs and a significant change has been noticed in this regard. The overall monitoring of all the programmes at the national level is Under this department there are carried out by the Monitoring Divisions three autonomous bodies viz., of the Ministry. The Programme Divisions monitor the respective , National programmes implemented by them. The Institute of Rural Development (NIRD) Programmes of the Ministry are basically and National Rural Road Development implemented by the State Implementing Agency (NRRDA). Council of Agencies. At the State level, the Advancement of People’s Action and Secretary/Commissioner dealing with the Rural Technology (CAPART) has been Programme monitors its implementation. set up to encourage participation of The actual execution of the Programmes voluntary agencies in rural development takes place at the District/Village level and also to provide financial assistance to through DRDAs, Panchayati Raj them in their rural development projects. Institutions (PRIs) and other CAPART directly deals with voluntary implementing Agencies, who monitor the agencies and their projects. execution of the programmes at the grass National Institute of Rural root level. Development NIRD is engaged in In order that the programme planning and coordination of national implmentation reflects the needs and level training.

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