Cambridge University Press 0521016886 - The Anti-Christ, Ecce Homo, Twilight of the Idols, and Other Writings Friedrich Nietzsche Index More information
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Adonis (mythological character) Baudelaire, Charles , adversity, role in character formation , , Bauer, Bruno –, – Bayreuth festival/opera house , –, , afterlife, as ‘true world’ , development of theories beauty alcohol, consumption of –, absence from Wagner’s works , – Wagner compared to role in Nietzschean theory xii–xiii, –, Alexander the Great –, –, Alfieri, Vittorio, Count Beethoven, Ludwig van , , amor fati, concept of xiii, xvi, xvii–xviii, , Berlioz, Hector Bernini, Gianlorenzo Amphitryon (mythological character) Beyond Good and Evil xiii–xv, , –, –, anarchy, compared with Christianity , –, – Bible –, animal nature, relationship with human xi–xii, see also God, Old Testament; Gospels; New , , , Testament The Anti-Christ viii, ix, xx, xxii–xxvi, The Birth of Tragedy –, , – xxviii–xxix, , Bismarck, Otto von target audience , Bizet, Georges Aphrodite (mythological character) Carmen – Apollo/Apollonian art see under Dionysus Boccaccio, Domenico architecture – Borgia, Cesare , , , Ariadne (mythological character) , Bourget, Paul Aristotle xxiii, , , , Brahms, Johannes – art Brandes, Georg, Dr ‘for art’s sake’ – Brendel, Karl Franz therapeuticvalue – Brochard, Victor see also creativity Buckle, Henry Thomas Asclepius (Greek god of medicine) Buddhism –, , atonement see guilt; sin; suffering Bulow,¨ Hans von , Augustine of Hippo, St Burckhardt, Jakob , Byron, George Gordon, Lord Baader, Franz Xaver von Manfred Bach, Johann Sebastian , Bacon, Francis Caesar, Gaius Julius , , Balzac, Honorede´ Cagliostro, Alessandro di , , Baubo (mythological character) Carlyle, Thomas , , , ,
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The Case of Wagner viii, xxix–xxxiii, epigrammaticcommentson , , critical attitudes to viii, ix caste system –, – ‘intellectual’ xx, – castration, metaphor for Christian approach rejection of x–xi, , Catilina, Lucius Sergius Constant, Benjamin cause(s) convalescence, means of –, , confusion with effect – conviction see faith false attribution – Cornaro, Luigi imaginary – Corneille, Pierre , Chandala (untouchables) , –, – Corssen, Herr (teacher) Christian equivalent , courage Christians seen as , –, , cowardice chastity – creativity Chopin, Fred´ eric´ , impact on mental state Christianity viii relationship with life – and art/creativity , – as self-discovery xv–xvi, xix attitudes to sexuality types of –, – basis of Nietzsche’s attacks on see also art; inspiration; intoxication; Church Fathers ‘overman’ compared with other religions –, –, criminality – Crispi, Francesco critiqued for cruelty/barbarism –, Cynicphilosophy critiqued for degeneracy/weakness , (see also decadence; pity) Dante Alighieri , critiqued for exclusivity/vengefulness – Darwin, Charles , forerunners Daybreak , , – form versus content xxii–xxiii decadence xxvi–xxix, history/development –, –, –, , as Christian teaching –, –, – and morality , as integrated whole in Nietzsche’s own life –, , musical expression peoples/types opposed to Nietzsche’s ambivalence towards xxii, and religion –, , –, , xxxiii and scholasticism Nietzsche’s critique of (summarized) in Socrates/Greek culture –, –, xxii–xxvi, – Nietzsche’s hatred of ix, xxii, – in Wagner/nineteenth-century music xxix, proposed laws against – xxxi, , –, –, , –, psychology of – relationship with reality , –, , , Delacroix, Ferdinand – (see also honesty) democracy, as agent of degeneracy , and Wagner – see also socialism see also anarchy; God; immortality; Jesus; Democritus mankind; morality; Protestantism; Descartes, Rene´ , redemption; sin desire, philosophical attitudes to Cicero, Marcus Tullius – dialectics , –, – Circe (mythological character) , , , Dialogues on Naxos , , diet, role in physical/mental well-being –, clergy see priests , climate/location, impact on Dionysian Dithyrambs (collection of poems) viii, well-being/creativity –, – Comte, Auguste Dionysus/Dionysiacphilosophy , , , Confucius –, – conscience compared with Apollonian –, – exemplified by Zarathustra –, ,
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Nietzsche as follower of , , , , , Francis of Assisi, St , – ‘free spirit’, figure of , –, , –, dithyramb, use/examples of – – doctors, role in society – free will, philosophical notions of , Dostoevsky, Fyodor , , and causality – drama errors of – history/etymology freedom place in cultural hierarchy Nietzschean view of xiii–xiv, xviii, – dreams rejected notions of xiii, xvii–xviii, Duhring,¨ Karl Eugen French Revolution – Friedrich II, emperor , Ecce Homo viii, xvi–xxi, xxvi–xxvii, xxix Friedrich III, emperor contents Furius of Antium religious content xxii, xxvi as self-help manual xix–xx, xxi Gast, Peter see Koselitz,¨ Heinrich as symptomaticof Nietzsche’s mental state The Gay Science x–xiii, xvi, xvii–xviii, , ix–x education, requirements of – quoted in later works –, – see also under German nation genius see creativity; greatness ego, theories of , , German nation/culture Egypt – aristocracy – Eleaticphilosophy climate Eliot, George (Mary Ann Evans) – contradictoriness – Emerson, Ralph Waldo – cultural identity , , –, –, England –, , , , , , , , diet national character , –, , , , cultural/intellectual trends , – decline – enjoyment, rejection of diet , Epicurus/Epicureanism , , , education –, –, –, , epigrams – historical scholarship – equality, doctrine of – international cultural impact , error/illusion, human responses to – music , , (see also cultural identity ‘eternal recurrence’ xviii above) euthanasia – national character –, –, , , Ewald, Heinrich , Nietzsche’s attitude to –, , , –, faith , , psychology of , – philosophy relationship with reality – political/military history , , see also insanity religion , , fanaticism scholasticism , fatalism – Geyer, Ludwig (father of Wagner) feelings, reasons for , – God feminism Christian notions of –, Feuerbach, Ludwig distancing from man xxiv Fichte, Johann Gottlieb as enemy of life Flaubert, Gustave , , , human need for xxii, – Fontenelle, Bertrand le Bovier de intervention in human affairs – France, Anatole Old Testament idea of –, – France, literature/culture , –, , –, omnipresence , , , , – and problem of evil – impact on Nietzsche rejection of xvii–xviii, , , ,
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Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von , , , , Human, All Too Human , , –, –, , , –, , , , humanity see mankind critical reception – Hume, David cultural relationship with Wagner humility Elective Affinities Hymn to Life (musicby Nietzsche) Faust , , , , , , Hyperboreans, analogy with –, Venetian Epigrams Wilhelm Meisters Lehrjahre ‘I’ see ego Gogol, Nikolai Vasilevich Ibsen, Henrik Goldmark, Karl Icelandic sagas Goncourt, Edmond/Jules , , idealism xx, xxi, xxvi–xxvii, , , – Gospels –, –, , and German character examples of teachings – relationship with decadence xxviii greatness relationship with theology characteristics of , , , – and Wagner xxxi–xxxii, xxxiii, , – relationship with time/place – identity, (self-)creation ix–xvi, – see also Nietzsche, Friedrich, view of own immaculate conception, doctrine of – destiny; ‘overman’; Thus Spoke ‘immoralism’ see under Nietzsche, Friedrich Zarathustra immortality of the soul, doctrine of , –, Greece (ancient), culture , –, –, , –, –, –, ‘impersonality’ decline/shortcomings , –, India, culture role of beauty in –, – see also caste system; Manu, book of guilt, relationship with free will – insanity, equated with religious belief – see also sin inspiration, nature of – Gyp (Sybille Gabrielle de Mirabeau) instincts, failings of institutions, failings/decline of , – Hafiz (Persian lyricpoet) intoxication (metaphorical), and creativity Handel, George Frideric , , , , – happiness, quest for , Islam Hartmann, Eduard von conflicts with Christianity see Spain haste relationship with Christianity , – health (mental/physical) Italy, music/culture –, , , failing – opposed to Christianity – Jansenism role in make-up of higher individual – Jesus xxxiii Hegel, Friedrich , , , , , betrayal by Christianity xxii, xxiv, xxv, , Heine, Heinrich , , , , – Heraclitus , – character/life xxiii–xxiv, xxviii–xxix, – Herder, Johann Gottfried von death – heredity, (lack of) role in character political nature of rebellion , Hillebrand, Karl practical application of teachings –, historical scholarship symbolism –, –, see also under German nation Jewish race Hoffmann, Professor behaviour/characteristics –, , , Hollingdale, R. J. ix–x hostility towards , , ‘holy lie’, concept of –, Jewish religion –, honesty xi–xii, xx–xxi, – relationship with Christianity –, –, see also Christianity, relationship with , , reality; ‘holy lie’; truth Horace (Quintus Horatius Flaccus) Kant, Immanuel –, , , , , , hostility see adversity; opposition; war , , , , , , , , , Hugo, Victor , , , , –
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Keller, Gottfried Merim´ ee,´ Prosper , Kempis, Thomas a` Imitatio Christi Michelet, Jules Kleist, Heinrich von Middle Ages –, Klopstock, Friedrich Gottlieb Mill, John Stuart Koselitz,¨ Heinrich (‘Peter Gast’) , , mistakes, value of – –, Mithras (Indo-Iranian sun-god) modernity, critiques of , , –, La Rochefoucauld, Franc¸ois –, , –, – labour, question of – see also mankind, degeneracy of Laertiana Mohammad, the Prophet , language, origin/nature of , Moliere` (Jean-Baptiste Poquelin) Lao-tse Montaigne, Michel de law, books of – morality xii, xiii, xiv, xx, Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm xviii, , , basis in fallacy , –, –, Lemaˆıtre, Franc¸ois Elie Jules Christian , –, –, –, – Leo XIII, Pope contrasting types , –, , –, Leonardo da Vinci –, – Leopardi, Giacomo defined liberalism see institutions; socialism hypocrisy of Liszt, Franz , , , , , origins – Lobeck, Christian August prescriptive nature – Lorraine, Claude Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus , , – Loti, Pierre music –, –, , Louis XIV, king of France decline love , effect on listeners as antidote to Christianity history – Lucretius (Titus Lucretius Carus) response to cultural stimuli – Luther, Martin , , , , , , , , see also German nation, cultural identity/music; Nietzsche, Friedrich, musical preferences; names of composers, Macciavelli, Niccolo,` Il Principe especially Wagner Malthus, Thomas Musset, Alfred de mankind behavioural trends Napoleon Bonaparte , , –, , , degeneracy of , –, – (desired) role in creation – nation states, relationship with culture diversity –, ‘nature, return to’ – Nietzsche’s feelings towards –, – necessity xiii–xvi impact of Christianity on , – neighbour-love means of improvement – see also unselfishness mediocrity (of majority) , – New Testament –, , , proper objects of study see also Gospels responsibility for Niebuhr, Barthold Georg types/hierarchy see caste system Nietzsche, Elisabeth (sister) Manu, book of –, , – Nietzsche, Franziska Oehler (mother) marriage Nietzsche, Friedrich Christian versus Eastern academic career , –, – modern trends biography/youth –, martyrdom – composition of works – (see also under Mary, the Virgin, cult of individual titles) Maupassant, Guy de contemporary reception –, –, mechanism , –, (see also under titles of works) Meilhac, Henri diet – Menippus the Cynic as ‘immoralist’ –, , , –,
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Nietzsche, Friedrich (cont.) Petronius impact of climate/location on – philology – instincts relationship with religion – intellectual/philosophical approach –, philosophy/philosophers –, , –, , , characteristics –, , , , (intended) readership , , –, , defined , , (see also under titles of works) epigrammaticcomments , literary preferences – requirements literary style –, physics xi mental state vii–viii, ix–x, , – Pilate, Pontius musical preferences –, –, Pindar personal relationships –, , , pity personality/temperament , role in Christian dogma/human physical health vii, xviii, xxviii, –, –, thought – , –, – as weakness , places of residence – Plato , , , , , , , , –, (predicted) cultural impact , , (predicted) posthumous reputation , Plutarch – –, , Poe, Edgar Allan racial identity – Pohl, Richard self-description xvi–xix, xx–xxi, xxvi, xxviii Poland/Poles, national character , self-(re)discovery –, politics, relationship with Christianity view of own significance/destiny vii–viii, power, desirability of xxii, –, , –, –, –, – priests Nietzsche, Ludwig (father) , , , , impact on society , , , , – Nietzsche contra Wagner viii psychology of , –, , –, nihilism Protestantism , nineteenth century see modernity impact on Christianity Nohl, Karl Friedrich Ludwig see also German nation; Luther northern Europe, spread of Christianity in psychology –, , , , , see also German nation – Novalis – of creative/higher individuals –, – nutrition see diet of the ‘good’ of human error –, – Offenbach, Jacques national On the Genealogy of Morality ix, xxii, , , see also Christianity; clergy; faith , –, , ‘pure spirit’, theory of opposition, value of – Orpheus (mythological character) Racine, Jean , Osiris (Egyptian god) Ranke, Leopold von ‘overman’, figure of , , – Raphael (Raffaello Santi or Sanzio) reading, value of , Palestrina, Giovanni Pierluigi da recuperation see convalescence Parma, Duke of redemption, doctrine of – Parmenides basis in human psychology Pascal, Blaise , , , , nature of redeemer figure –, – passion operatictreatments –, , – operatictreatments – Ree,´ Paul – suppression of – regression, impossibility of see also love; sexuality religion see morality; names of religions, Paul, St xxii, , –, , –, –, –, especially Christianity – Renaissance –, , ‘peacefulness of the soul’ – compared with modern era , – pessimism , –, –, –, , Renan, Ernest , , , , ,
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retrospection, role in character forming Socrates xxviii, xxxiii, , –, , , xviii–xix The Revaluation (of All Values) see The appearance/persona , Anti-Christ death Riemann, Karl Wilhelm dialectical method Ritschl, Friedrich Wilhelm –, errors Robespierre, Maximilien impact on Greek culture – Roman empire –, – see also decadence Rossini, Gioacchino , , , solitude, Nietzsche’s experience of/need for Rousseau, Jean-Jacques , , , –, –, rudeness The Songs of Prince Vogelfrei Russia , Spain, religious conflicts in , see also fatalism Spencer, Herbert , Spinoza, Baruch , , Saint-Simon, Henri de Spitteler, Karl – Sainte-Beuve, Charles-Augustin de – Stein, Heinrich von , Sallust (Gaius Sallustiu Crispus) , Stendhal (Henri Bayle) –, , , Salome,´ Lou von Stoicism , Sand, George (Amandine Dupin, Baronne Strauss, David , , –, Dudevant) , style, Nietzschean view of xxx, –, Sankhya(m) philosophy see also under Nietzsche, Friedrich; Wagner, Savonarola, Girolamo Richard scepticism , –, suffering, role in Christian belief/practice Scheffel, Josef Viktor, The Trumpeter of see also adversity S¨ackingen , suicide – Schelling, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph , ‘superman’ see ‘overman’ Schenkendorf, Max von, ‘Freedom’ systematization Schiller, Friedrich , –, , , , , – Taine, Hippolyte , Schleiermacher, Friedrich Talma, Franc¸ois Joseph Schopenhauer, Arthur , , , , , , theology –, , , , , –, , objections to – , , , , , , –, opposed to philosophy – Schumann, Robert Thucydides – Schutz,¨ Heinrich , , Thus Spoke Zarathustra , science, relationship with Christianity – character of protagonist , , –, ‘second nature’, Nietzschean concept of xi–xii –, –, role in creation of identity xii–xiii on creativity , self-preservation, in higher individuals – critical reception –, , , selfishness, of higher individuals –, , demands on audience , –, – see also unselfishness genesis/composition –, – Seneca, Lucius Annaeus impact on Nietzsche , –, senses philosophical doctrine , , – hostility to – on pity as tools of philosophy prefigurings sexuality, cultural role , –, on solitude – see also chastity; love; passion stature (of work/protagonist) , –, Shakespeare, William , –, –, –, Hamlet – style , –, silence , on women sin/atonement, place in Christian philosophy Treitschke, Heinrich von , , – –, , , truth, nature of , – socialism , –, see also honesty see also democracy Tubingen¨ seminary
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Twilight of the Idols musical style xxx–xxxi, xxxiii, –, –, composition , – –, on decadence xxvii–xxviii performance philosophical purpose –, – personality style/tone viii, ix ‘sickness’ (of art) –, on tragedy – source material – themes of work – ‘Ubermensch¨ ’ see ‘overman’ treatment of love/sexuality , , – ultramontanism writings – unselfishness, as fallacy/weakness , , , Der fliegende Holl¨ander , , , , Untimely Meditations xxiii, , – Kaisermarsch Lohengrin –, , , Vega, Lope de Mein Leben xxxiv Victor Emmanuel I, king of Sardinia Die Meistersinger von Nurnberg , , virgin birth see Mary , virtue, nature of , , – Parsifal xxxii, , , , , , , counterfeit , , , , , – misconceptions Der Ring des Nibelungen , , –, Vischer, Friedrich Theodor , – Voltaire (Franc¸ois-Marie Arouet) , Siegfried Idyll , Tannh¨auser , , Wagner, Cosima , Tristan und Isolde –, , Wagner, Richard viii–ix, xxix, xxxiii–xxxiv, , see also decadence ‘Wagner in Bayreuth’ (essay) see Untimely ability as dramatist , Meditations ability as musician – The Wanderer and his Shadow , as ‘actor’ xxxii–xxxiii, –, , , , war –, ‘What Wagner Is Costing Us’ (unpublished artisticunity , treatise) – compared with other composers –, Widmann, V., Dr – – Wilhelm II, Emperor , , , , contemporary reception , , –, Winckelmann, Johann Joachim –, , – wisdom, nature of , – cultural identity –, –, , – women cultural significance xxix–xxx, , – Christian/Eastern views of – death critiques of , –, , , –, , Nietzsche’s admiration for –, Nietzsche’s disillusion with , – emancipation of friendship with Nietzsche xxix, , , , epigrammaticcommentson , , , , need for children impact on Nietzsche –, –, , and Wagner , , –, – –, see also feminism manipulation of popular taste xxxi–xxxii, Worth,¨ battle of –, –, – wrongs, Nietzsche’s response to as miniaturist xxx–xxxi, , modernization, effects of – Zola, Emile
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