British Grown Jewels the Most Valuable in the <$> World mieir Worth Is Even At the Mercy of Beyond Expert Thieves Till Recent Estimate Years THE British form land as the greatest and most valu- a loyal tribute to Queen Vic. able of all royal collections toria from the Indian army. It is of jewels. Among them are believed that after its firsf the Black Prince's ruby, the Koh-i- cutting the Koh-i-Noor weighed 1,000 of carats, but it has Noor bloody history, the sapphire been reduced by a of Edward the Confessor, the Stuart series of cuttings to 106 1-6 carats. sapphire, the Stars of Africa and the Queen Victoria wore it as a brooch, pearls of Queen Elizabeth. Their but Queen Mary has it in front her of value cannot even be estimated. The state crown. The Koh-i-Noor is to Stars of Africa alone have been supposed bring bad luck to any valued at S7.500.000. ' man who wears it, but to be harm- less for a woman. And yet it was not until the time It was valued at of $700,000 when presented to Edward VII that the British Victoria. Queen crown jewels were in any way ade¬ quately guarded. For a thousand The Stars of Africa were at years they the mercy of the The four Stars of Africa were cut petty thefts of minor retainers. A from the great Cullinan , typical «example of this is what was which weighed about l'i pounds supposed for a couple of centuries to when it was found in the bo a Premier magnificent aquamarine which Mine near Pretoria in 1904. It was had first as figured surmounting the insured for $7,500,000, but no pur- crown of James II. But when it chaser could be found for such « came to be examined critically a few huge block, and the Union govern¬ years ago it was found that the orig¬ ment of South Africa bought it for inal jewel had been stolen and -re¬ $750,000 to present it to King Ed¬ placed by a ball of colored glass. ward VII as an emblem of the entry Yet, despite the many of South Africa into petty depreda¬ JEWEL HOUSE the British Em¬ tions, only one concerted attempt at CpHE¦*¦ by pire. robbery on the scale has THE KING'S STATE the Martin Tower in 1815 grand been 1 CROWN. Reproduced by It looked like a block of rock salt made on them. permission of Messrs. Cos- s>_...... _ when it arrived in England, and the «Sold Under the Commonwealth sell & Co., from a THE QUEEN'S STATE experts said it would be Impossible painting 1 to cut a stone of its size and This was the by Cyril Davenport. CROWN, Reproduced by shape famous attempt of Messrs. into one brilliant. They recommend. Colonel Blood to (Copyright) permission of Cos- steal the state sell & Co. Front a painting ed that it should be broken up inte crown of Charles II. Major General searched it would have been found by Cyril Davenport four parts, and the work was don« Sir j by the Costers, of Amsterdam. George Younghusband, the pres¬ that under their cloaks they were (Copyright) Th« ent of the Jewel de¬ armed with swords, and largest portion was cut Into a pear- Keeper House, daggers pis¬ shaped brilliant and set in the tols, while one of them a British crown jewels is the Koh-i- head scribes this exploit In his book, The had wooden of the The mallet. Mr. Edwards went down to Noor, which is^in Queen Mary's state King's scepter. next larg. Jewel House, the Dorar est was cut into a published by receive his and Blood crown. The name means mountain portion cushion- Under guests, sug¬ brilliant and set in Company. the Common gested that before going the .of light. It was found in the dia- shaped the banc upstairs of the state crown. wealth the crown jewels had been de visitors should see the crown mond fields of Golconda in southern King's Th< jewels. other two portions are in the stroyed or order of Par¬ Leaving one man at the door as a India, and was first heard of in the banc dispersed by and the cross of lookout, the other three went possession of the of Golconda. Queen Mary's stat< liament, and, with few exceptions into King crown. the jewel room with The Emperor Shah who was they were sold for ridiculous sums Edwards, who Jehan, unlocked the doors of the at that time the Great of The largest portion weighs 516^ The exceptions were one or tw< jewel cup¬ Mogul board. The man with the mallet Delhi, got it by a combination of carats, and the four portions to pieces that were accidentally over 986 promptly knocked Edwards on the bribery and theft. It was first seen gether weigh carats. Thus, ii looked in the general dispersal, bu cutting, the stone that the net head and the second man gagged by a European in 1665, when in the rough weighec result was that Charles I 3,025 carats lost more than two came to him, while Blood proceeded to rifle possession of Emperor Aurungzebe the throne under the Res the at Delhi. thirds of its weight in being reduce< toration with the of cupboard. necessity supply¬ Blood had to four brilliants, but the value o ing himself with a ful decided on his many Rad Luck Followed It the four practically previous visits which brilliants is estimated to b« equipment of the crowns, regalia ani pieces of the In 1739 Nadir the same as that of regalia would be at the Shah, King of Per¬ the origina jewels required by a king. same time rough stone. the most portable and the most val¬ sia, invaded the Punjab and cap¬ The first order for new crown tured Delhi. and uable. He seized the state crown Mahmood Shah, the Now Well Guarded jewels amounted to $1,500,00( and knocked in the Great figured in terms of at arches and Mogul of the moment, hid the The present abode of the crow money presen smashed in the sides with the mallet values, and, of course, there wer Koh-i-Noor in the folds of his turban jewels is the Wakefield Tower ii that had been used on additions from time to time. Bu already Ed¬ and Nadir Shah had to make love to the . It adjoins th wards, thereby putting the crown in Charles II took no especial precat all Mahmood Shah's wives before he Bloody Tower and faces the Traitor; a convenient form to hide under his Gate. The walls of the Wakefiel tions. As was the fashion with hi cloak. The Black could discover the secret of the hid¬ he Prince's ruby and Tower are more than eight fe< predecessors, appointed a Keepe several and ing place. But, having learned of the Jewel who other stones where thick. There is one entrañe House, lived in th were knocked out of the great diamond was kept, only the crown in this and .the windows are harrei Royal.Palace at Whitehall and ha process, but the Nadir Shah gave a great banquet at heavily many valuable thieves gathered which Under instructions from E«- prerogatives and pel them up and them he swore eternal friendship King but put in their pock¬ ward VII a famous firm of buildei quisite3, the jewels were lodge ets. The orb and the for Mahmood Shah and insisted on in the Martin of scepter wíre of safes was called in and coi Tower the Towe the other two to solemnly sealing the oath by trading they of pieces be taken. structed to hold the crown London, guarded by Talbot E< One of the band the turbans. In the brief space of time jewel an put orb in the BLOOD, who and regalia an steel cas«- wards, aged gentleman of sevei slack of his "while ^COLONEL to steal required for the exchange, Mahmood octagonal ty-seven years. breeches, the third attempted the Shah's hair ment with steel bars. It .stands i set to work to file the of the crown jewels in the turned from black to There was grip reign of white. the center of the tower with an ope only one door to tl scepter in two, as it was too to Charles II Martin Tower and no long Nadir Shah went space between it, and the walls o window on tl conceal if carried in one piece. back to Persia lower floor. The jewels and and was murdered an of all sides, and is approached by regal Edwards had a son who had been great Later in the for by Afghan were kept in a with barr< antiquity. year the next 164 years, until it was his named Ahmed narrow flight of stone stairs. Th cupboard, serving in the army in Flanders. he gave it to Edward the Black- sold bodyguard Shah, doors let into the wall of an interi« by the Puritans to an unre¬ who took the Koh-i-Noor to experts who built the casement bi That morning the son landed in Prince for him win the bat¬ Afghan¬ room on the ground floor, and tl Eng¬ helping corded purchaser and afterward by istan and .founded the Durani lieved that any thief who tries t land and at once got leave to visit tle of Xajera. Edward bequeathed unknown routes old gentleman who was the gua: his 1 KEEPER of aie jewel i HTHE KING'S returned to the dynasty. His grandson was deposed enter it will be either electrocute father. He arrived at the Mar¬ piIE¦*¦ Â it to his son, who afterward became crown of Charles II. showed them to casual visitors f tin Tower while house in his state robes SCEPTER. FromROYAL]a copy- and fled to Lahore, where the Maha- or guillotined, but innocent sigh a small Blood and his con¬ j Richard II. Its next appearance is seers on fee. He lived on the secoi ! righted As as rnjah Runjeet Singh, the Lion of the may stand the outside an federates were pillaging the jewel painting by Cyril in the reign of V, who wore Big an Ep:jr floor with his wife and daughter ai pistol took so long to act that Beck- used Henry Punjab, gave him asylum in exchange look in for sixpence. cupboard and the lookout at the door ham j Davenport, by permis¬ it at the battle of Rich¬ It is the size of a small hen's egg, came downstairs when called. held had plenty of time to duck and sion of Cassell & Co. Agincourt. for the Koh-i-Noor. The British East During the war German air rai' him up, but he pushed on in and ard III wore it at Bosworth and is set with a gold so went drag Blood off his horse. The other Field, backing India Company thereupon con¬ ers made particular efforts to bom No Sentinels on Guard upstairs, where he found with three were but after his defeat hid his crown ancient that no jeweler will run the his mother also caught and the whole divided by ten to get the actual quered the Punjab and seized the the Tower of London, and in 191 Thero was no and sister Captain Beck- fig- with the in it in a hawthorn risk of it off to measure the sentinel over t party was lodged in one of the dun¬ ures at the. of ruby taking Koh-i-Noor as part of the of after four bombs had narrow! ham, who had married one of Ed- time sale. bush. Some one stone In spoils Martin Tower, the reliar geons of the Tower. whose name has accurately. King George war. So much principal wards's daughters and was bad luck had fol¬ missed their mark the crown jew« invited When Charles II was A Gem's Powers not been registered found the crown V's state crown it occupies the place for safety being on the garrison to the betrothal The told of this Reputed lowed possession of the diamond that, were removed to Windsor Castl« party. lookout attempt to steal the crown and Henry VII was crowned with it. of pride in the front. the Tower, but the sentinels warned and jewels he j Among the oldest gems in the the East India Company was .afraid whence they were returned to tr at t Blood the others, and, roared with The ruby led a humdrum existence the most famous of gates were in the habit the laughter and made Blood jewel house is the Probably the to keep it, and it was sent to Eng- Tower wdien war was over. of admitti leaving .«-cepter behind them, the an officer of the sapphire of Ed¬ the visitors rather After a m party in King's bodyguard ward the freely. departed orderly haste. with a to Confessor, which was orig¬ had visited the a few salary amounting $12,500 Tower tim The a year in of inally set in his coronation It so that the guards came to know Alarm Raised money to-day. This ring. Nivelle clemency gave rise to the was buried with Sees Other Wars Ahead he was The conspirators had story that him in his shrine in face, allowed to enter wi counted on the short out Edwards's age and, to a King, being of cash, had Westminster, but in 1101 question. certain ex¬ hired Blood to the shrine ENERAL NIVELLE, who a menace in itself. It will burn it¬ tent, on the thickness of steal the royal regalia was broken 5,000,000,000 francs a year. It is End Germany has not paid a penny Colonel Blood was an Irishman his skull, and open and this and other ~w has seen so much self out. The but had pawn it. The more fighting, danger is that thi-ough now more than of to And Ger¬ good who had been a they miscalculated in the generally were 22,000,000,000 francs. indemnity France. family, sole ! accepted story, was jewels removed. The sapphire C"^ and such hard Bolshevism Germany will get control of latter particular. The blow from hoVever, thai especially Our taxation was many is trying to raise trouble fortune. A casual visit to the believed is now in the cross of Russia, which she is to formerly 120 the mallet had felled King Blood's tale that he on the top of fighting at Verdun in 1916, trying do, among the Allies so that she will not Tower showed him the him, but had had lain and francs per and it is now inadequ not him out in the reeds near where the King's state crown. with her control of the immense capita, have to the trouble with which the crown w rendered unconscious, while Legend does not believe that wars are at an pay. There is jewels Blood j the King was accustomed to bathe hordes of Russia will try again to over 400 francs, and the people a^e want and a and his companions had felt so has it that St. John once, that France has. She does not guarded, little, observai intending to shoot but appeared end by any means. In fact, ho thinks overrun the world. We see secure that, though they had him, that or before. may an paying the new taxes cheerfully. money or She wants the al¬ convinced him that an attempt gagged seeing the in a Edward the Confessor as a the next war is close, at aJliance between gifts. steal Edwards, they had' not bound King state of naturi fairly hand Germany, Russia, We are paying our expenses; we liance to remain solid and unbroken them would be by no me him. he was so overcome pilgrim and the and No sooner were out of by the beaut; King gave him the and that America will be one of the Japan perhaps China. Germany have paid off a of the so hopeless. himself a they the jewel of the large part that Germany will be compelled Disguising room royal person that he was un ring. A short time later and Japan will come to¬ war debt; we country parson and than the old man tore off the the ring principals, struggling against one, certainly have supplied 25,000,- to pay. France has had ten depart¬ associating v ! able to pull the trigger, so had was An alliance there cannot him a gag and began to shout "Treason!" de returned to the king with a three, or four antagonists. This be¬ gether. be 000,000 francs to the reconstruction ments devastated in the war. Ger¬ temporary Mrs. Blood he s eided to steal the crown jewels in avoided." of the cecded in making friends with (and "Murder!" and "The crown is stead. message telling the day of his death. lief on his part was brought out by devastated departments; we many has lost, nothing, net a chim¬ stolen!" "How are. have Mr. Edwards by the devici Captain Beckham and Ed¬ The stone is reputed to have tlie a question on the League of Nations. the relations between paid over 5,000,000,000 francs ney knocked down, but it is France simple wards's son Cromwell Sold France and in having Mrs. Blood faint while If ran downstairs and a Them power of curing' sciatica and rheu- "Are you in favor of the league of England. General?" pensions to the wounded, the that is paying Germany. If America crowd The Nations?" widows and the and we ing at the crown jewels. The ?; rapidly gathered. greatest tragedy that eve matism, but it has not been used "The alliance is firm. There are orphans, could see and feel and under Meanwhile Blood for this are now paying francs a th.it pathetic Edwards took Mrs. Bl and his com¬ happened to the British crow purpose recently. The General answered with an conflicts of interest, hut the alliance" 200,000,000 what it is to be the country to panions had the The month to for coal. Ger¬ a up his apartments to be revr passed main guard jewels was in four huge pearls known as extremely expressive shrug of the is firm. England is in a state of un¬ Germany has been ravished and wasted by of the inner the time of th the many she must have and, of course, the Bloods came b fortress and shot the pearls of Queen Elizabeth are shoulders and a simultaneous rais¬ rest. There are labor troubles. says if to feed war of aggression she would feel sentinel on the Commonwealth, when the Parili¬ of the miners; that was the many times to express their gr drawbridge. The somewhat apocryphal origin, al¬ ing of the eyebrows. But he hastily There is almost Bolshevism. There plea she with us that it is Germany that tude. sentinel at the outer end of the ment, being tc made to get the from But draw¬ utterly indisposed though there is no question of their corrected himself. "For the future," is the Irish trouble. There are con¬ money France, should p^y and not Frar.ee. bridge, hip comrade ward value. but she is it for After they had established tl seeing shot, po¬ kings, passed a resolution thr Queen Elizabeth was famous he said; "not now. The world is flicts of interest between France using propaganda. America has been untouched by in¬ litely stepped aside and allowed the all as a lover of "I have been shown the that position with the guards as fr« emblems of royalty should 1 pearls, but if these not ready for it. The best league and England, but both are in dan¬ proof vasion; her wounds heal quicker thieves to pass. were now on four this money that France is while admitted visitors to the They broken belonged to her they were to-day is a firm bond of alliance be¬ ger. France can be attacked on paying to than ours; the memory passes, To the wharf, with the. main totally up, the gold and silvc handed not, for coal is Colonel Blood a gate only down to" Jame3 I. Tradi¬ tween nations who have a traditional land, but as Germany being used for with us it stays; the marks are proposed rnnrri a few melted down and the sold \ England is in great between yards away and their pur- jewels tion says that a propaganda. And I have seen the there our his son.related to birr suers still the best through some chan- friendship and mutual interest in danger from the air as France is on upon country. in the inner fortress, but advantage. Under the. nel they returned to evidences of thfl propaganda here in "What needs is the sup¬ the same degree as was Mrs. B instead instructions the royal col- keeping the peace. Washington was land. Oh, yes, the alliance will re¬ France of making for the main gate the Black Prince's rut lection in the America. I have been well over the to .and Edwards'« was time of Charles I and right when he insisted that the best main firm while the is port, and backing of America daughter, they turned the sold for $200. The crown « dangpr equal, was along wharf to an- were pawned by him to raise of is to be and it country in the Middle West and the make hold to the pro¬ proposal joyfully received, other gate some three Alfred the made of mon-?v guaranty peace prepared is^equal now." Germany an hundred yards Great, gold wir to prosecute the wars war. Northwest and the South, and of appointment was made to bi where melted down to 79 against the for And show it," he added "What is the. situation in France?" visions the treaty." away, they had horses wait¬ ^ ounces of gol Puritans. Their everywhere I have been I have seen the bogus son for a first meet ing. At that time next appearance is with a swift forward thrust of his "France is sound and Af¬ "How is the spirit of the French with his gold was valued : in the state crown of Vic¬ chin. strong. the evidences of this German prop¬ prospective fiancée o¡ The mob came after $150 an ounce and Queen fairs are at a low level, you under¬ people?" certain at 7 howling them Alfred tl toria and they are now in the state aganda, the endeavor to estrange "Marvelous. Marvelous. They morning o'clock. and the people on the wharf took Great's crown "The world is not far enough ad¬ stand, but the base is strong. We un'jRual hour seems to up brought $11,925. Tl crown of King . If France and America and to cause pay the increased have arot the cry of murder and thieves. With crown of Queen wife of they vanced," he continued. "There are arc not asking for financial help tremendously no suspicion in the ancient Edwa Edith, tl were truly the pearls of Queen too a rift "between the Allies. TTiat is taxes with the greatest cheerfulness. praiseworthy quickness of mind Saxon King on many conflicting interests. A from other countries, from America brear.t. Harold, brought Elizabeth, they are more than 300 what Germany is trying to do.to 'We pay now and it will be over Blood set the people on the wharf $800. The chalice of League of Nations to-day would soon or England. Before I left Paris I 600-year-old E years old, which is a open a fissure in the alliance, so with so much the sooner.' they say. A T.fiolt onto Captain who was ward the marvelous life become two alliances within the talked to M. the Presi¬ at the Jewel« Beckham, Confessor brought $5,1C for a pearl. Millerand, that she will not have to carry out You know what the French work.Io¬ Or. the leading the pursuit. While the light and all trace of it has sin league, the old balance of power, dent of the republic and former the morning set Blood arr: was in long The Black Prince's ruby came into! with the provisions of the Treaty of Ver¬ nian is. He is thrifty and steady with the progress Blood and his com¬ been lost. The three state swor smaller nations selling Premier, and to M. Leygues, the iuppoied &on and two c the possession of the British crown sailles. He works and saves. There is chaos panions got to their horses, but Beck- sent to VIII themselves to the highest, bidder and actual Premier, and they showed me pardons. They wre admitted to ham/had Henry by the Po in 1367. In that, year Don Pedro of! "Think of the position. For the in and near-Bolshevism in Tower managed te free himself were sold for $50 each. changing their allegiance as the in¬ that France is paying her own ex¬ England without question and wen These prie Castille killed the of first time in history the victorious But there is none of that in and overtook them. Blood tried to are all King Granada terest of the moment dictated. penses and is able to continue te Italy. the Martin Tower. Had according to the value and stole the nation is to the van¬ and they 1 shoot Beckham, but hi» wheel-lock ruby, which was of "I am asked what about, Russia do so. paying money France. Everybody works hard money at present. They should Oriental and quished. France is th* origin even then of I and Bolshevism. Bolshevism is not "Before paying 200,- uncomplainingly and looks to the war our budget was 000,000 francs a month to Germany, future."