The Prehistoric Context of the Oldest Contacts Between Baltic and Finnic Languages
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Load more
Recommended publications
-
Izhorians: a Disappearing Ethnic Group Indigenous to the Leningrad Region
Acta Baltico-Slavica, 43 Warszawa 2019 DOI: 10.11649/abs.2019.010 Elena Fell Tomsk Polytechnic University Tomsk [email protected] https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7606-7696 Izhorians: A disappearing ethnic group indigenous to the Leningrad region This review article presents a concise overview of selected research findings rela- ted to various issues concerning the study of Izhorians, including works by A. I. Kir′ianen, A. V. Labudin and A. A. Samodurov (Кирьянен et al., 2017); A. I. Kir′ianen, (Кирьянен, 2016); N. Kuznetsova, E. Markus and M. Muslimov (Kuznetsova, Markus, & Muslimov, 2015); M. Muslimov (Муслимов, 2005); A. P. Chush′′ialova (Чушъялова, 2010); F. I. Rozhanskiĭ and E. B. Markus (Рожанский & Маркус, 2013); and V. I. Mirenkov (Миренков, 2000). The evolution of the term Izhorians The earliest confirmed record of Izhorians (also known as Ingrians), a Finno-Ugrian ethnic group native to the Leningrad region,1 appears in thirteenth-century Russian 1 Whilst the city of Leningrad became the city of Saint Petersburg in 1991, reverting to its pre-So- viet name, the Leningrad region (also known as the Leningrad oblast) retained its Soviet name after the collapse of the USSR. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 PL License (creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/pl/), which permits redistribution, commercial and non- -commercial, provided that the article is properly cited. © The Author(s) 2019. Publisher: Institute of Slavic Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences [Wydawca: Instytut Slawistyki Polskiej Akademii Nauk] Elena Fell Izhorians: A disappearing ethnic group indigenous to the Leningrad region chronicles, where, according to Chistiakov (Чистяков, 2006), “Izhora” people were mentioned as early as 1228. -
The Shared Lexicon of Baltic, Slavic and Germanic
THE SHARED LEXICON OF BALTIC, SLAVIC AND GERMANIC VINCENT F. VAN DER HEIJDEN ******** Thesis for the Master Comparative Indo-European Linguistics under supervision of prof.dr. A.M. Lubotsky Universiteit Leiden, 2018 Table of contents 1. Introduction 2 2. Background topics 3 2.1. Non-lexical similarities between Baltic, Slavic and Germanic 3 2.2. The Prehistory of Balto-Slavic and Germanic 3 2.2.1. Northwestern Indo-European 3 2.2.2. The Origins of Baltic, Slavic and Germanic 4 2.3. Possible substrates in Balto-Slavic and Germanic 6 2.3.1. Hunter-gatherer languages 6 2.3.2. Neolithic languages 7 2.3.3. The Corded Ware culture 7 2.3.4. Temematic 7 2.3.5. Uralic 9 2.4. Recapitulation 9 3. The shared lexicon of Baltic, Slavic and Germanic 11 3.1. Forms that belong to the shared lexicon 11 3.1.1. Baltic-Slavic-Germanic forms 11 3.1.2. Baltic-Germanic forms 19 3.1.3. Slavic-Germanic forms 24 3.2. Forms that do not belong to the shared lexicon 27 3.2.1. Indo-European forms 27 3.2.2. Forms restricted to Europe 32 3.2.3. Possible Germanic borrowings into Baltic and Slavic 40 3.2.4. Uncertain forms and invalid comparisons 42 4. Analysis 48 4.1. Morphology of the forms 49 4.2. Semantics of the forms 49 4.2.1. Natural terms 49 4.2.2. Cultural terms 50 4.3. Origin of the forms 52 5. Conclusion 54 Abbreviations 56 Bibliography 57 1 1. -
Finnish-Uralic Linguistic Connections
Finnish- Uralic Linguistic Connections Mel Copeland 1 Finnish- Uralic Linguistic Connections Mel Copeland November 10, 2020 The origin of the Finnish/Sami people is believed to be around the Ural Mountains. The Sami are believed to have been separated from the Finns taken the northern route to Finland. The Finns may have taken several paths, back and forth, north to south, south to north between Anatolia and Finland and portions of Norway, Sweden and Baltic states. This document, prepared using the Indo-European Table 1 (file:///C:/Users/mel/Documents/maravot.com/Indo-European_Table.html ), compares Finnish terms with others in the Indo-European Table to ascertain whether there are linguistic patterns suggesting the route the Finnish migrations took to get to Finland. Because the Albanians are recorded by Roman maps as being near Georgia, approximately the area of Azerbaijan, Finnish linguistic connections with Hittite, Georgian, Persian and Akkadian may reveal some aspects of the movement and origin of the Finnish peoples. Sanskrit and Akkadian seem to function at the core of the languages listed in the Indo-European Table. The relationship of Akkadian to these languages needs to be explained. As the people passed through the Balkans to the Baltic, it is understandable that the language would pick up terms from these regions and their peoples, (Baltic/Slavic, German). A preliminary search of our “Indo-European-Eurasian Words Linking Ancient Pastoralists,” confirms a strong “Baltic-German (via English)” connection and quite interestingly a strong connection to Hittite and Akkadian (Assyrian). Sanskrit also has a direct liason with Finnish-Uralic. -
Prehistory of Uralic Studies Mediaeval Sources First Texts Renaissance: Finno-Ugrians Enter the European Learning First Comparis
http://homepage.univie.ac.at/Johanna.Laakso/Padova2006/ Prehistory of Uralic studies First accounts on Uralic peoples (?) – Pytheas of Massilia (ca. 380–310 BC): Thule – in Norway or in Estonia (tule- ‘fire’)?? – Tacitus: Germania (98 AD): Fenni etc. (cetera iam fabulosa... Tuomo Pekkanen: Hellusi and Oxiones as shamans with elk or bear (Fi. *oksi) masks?) Jordanes: Getica (551 AD): Thiudos Inaunxis, Vasinabroncae, Merens, Mordens, Imniscaris... Screrefennae, Finni mitissimi... – Ottar of Hålogaland (ca. 890 AD): travels to Finnas, Terfinnas, Beormas Mediaeval sources • Old Russian chronicles (Nestor ca. 1100 AD &c): Finnic (Sum, Jam, Korela) and other FU tribes (Merja, Muroma, Meščera) • Heinrici Chronicon Lyvoniae (12th-13th century): Estonian & Livonian names, some words and phrases • First accounts on Hungarians in old Arabic, Persian & Byzantine sources • early travellers in Russia (Brother Julianus in Magna Hungaria in the 1230s &c) First texts • Hungarian: Funeral sermon (Halotti Beszéd) ca. 1200 • Permic/Komi: Old Komi literary language (14th – 17th/18th century?) • Finnic: Novgorod birchbark letter 292 (early 13th century) Renaissance: Finno-Ugrians enter the European learning • Humanism, Reformation, interest in vernacular languages • Reformation: new literary languages (Finnish, Estonian) • Diplomacy and business relations with Russia > information about Russian minorities First Comparisons: Background • Many loanwords (e.g. Germanic > Finnic, Slavic > Hungarian) correctly identified already in the 16th and 17th century • Ideological background – Early Nationalism > search for classical or biblical origins of the national language – search for national origins and primeval homes – Reformation > cultivation of vernacular languages > interest in language teaching and multilingualism (J. A. Comenius/Komenský 1592–1670 &c), first attempts at European language typology Guesses at FU relatedness • Bengt Skytte (1614–1683): contacts with Comenius, Fi.-Hu. -
The Genomic Ancestry of the Scandinavian Battle Axe Culture People and Their Relation to the Broader Corded Ware Horizon
Malmström, H., Günther, T., Svensson, E. M., Juras, A., Fraser, M., Munters, A. R., Pospieszny, Ł., Tõrv, M., Lindström, J., Götherström, A., Storå, J., & Jakobsson, M. (2019). The genomic ancestry of the Scandinavian Battle Axe Culture people and their relation to the broader Corded Ware horizon. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 286(1912), [20191528]. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.1528 Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record License (if available): CC BY Link to published version (if available): 10.1098/rspb.2019.1528 Link to publication record in Explore Bristol Research PDF-document This is the final published version of the article (version of record). It first appeared online via The Royal Society at https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.1528 . Please refer to any applicable terms of use of the publisher. University of Bristol - Explore Bristol Research General rights This document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/red/research-policy/pure/user-guides/ebr-terms/ The genomic ancestry of the Scandinavian royalsocietypublishing.org/journal/rspb Battle Axe Culture people and their relation to the broader Corded Ware horizon Research Helena Malmström1,2,†, Torsten Günther1,†, Emma M. Svensson1, Anna Juras3, Cite this article: Malmström H et al. 2019 Magdalena Fraser1,4, Arielle R. Munters1, Łukasz Pospieszny5,6, Mari Tõrv7, The genomic ancestry of the Scandinavian 8 9 10 Battle Axe Culture people and their relation to Jonathan Lindström , Anders Götherström , Jan Storå the broader Corded Ware horizon. -
Haplotype Frequencies at the DRD2 Locus in Populations of the East European Plain
BMC Genetics BioMed Central Research article Open Access Haplotype frequencies at the DRD2 locus in populations of the East European Plain Olga V Flegontova*1, Andrey V Khrunin1, OlgaILylova1, Larisa A Tarskaia1, Victor A Spitsyn2, Alexey I Mikulich3 and Svetlana A Limborska1 Address: 1Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 2Medical and Genetics Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia and 3Institute of Arts, Ethnography and Folklore, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus Email: Olga V Flegontova* - [email protected]; Andrey V Khrunin - [email protected]; Olga I Lylova - [email protected]; Larisa A Tarskaia - [email protected]; Victor A Spitsyn - [email protected]; Alexey I Mikulich - [email protected]; Svetlana A Limborska - [email protected] * Corresponding author Published: 30 September 2009 Received: 9 March 2009 Accepted: 30 September 2009 BMC Genetics 2009, 10:62 doi:10.1186/1471-2156-10-62 This article is available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2156/10/62 © 2009 Flegontova et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background: It was demonstrated previously that the three-locus RFLP haplotype, TaqI B-TaqI D-TaqI A (B-D-A), at the DRD2 locus constitutes a powerful genetic marker and probably reflects the most ancient dispersal of anatomically modern humans. Results: We investigated TaqI B, BclI, MboI, TaqI D, and TaqI A RFLPs in 17 contemporary populations of the East European Plain and Siberia. -
Longing to Return and Spaces of Belonging
TURUN YLIOPISTON JULKAISUJA ANNALES UNIVERSITATIS TURKUENSIS SERIAL B, HUMANIORA, 374 LONGING TO RETURN AND SPACES OF BELONGING. IRAQIS’ NARRATIVES IN HELSINKI AND ROME By Vanja La Vecchia-Mikkola TURUN YLIOPISTO UNIVERSITY OF TURKU Turku 2013 Department of Social Research/Sociology Faculty of Social Sciences University of Turku Turku, Finland Supervised by: Suvi Keskinen Östen Wahlbeck University of Helsinki University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland Helsinki, Finland Reviewed by: Marja Tiilikainen Marko Juntunen University of Helsinki University of Tampere Helsinki, Finland Helsinki, Finland Opponent: Professor Minoo Alinia Uppsala University Uppsala, Sweden ISBN 978-951-29-5594-7 (PDF) ISSN 0082-6987 Acknowledgments First of all, I wish to express my initial appreciation to all the people from Iraq who contributed to this study. I will always remember the time spent with them as enriching and enjoyable experience, not only as a researcher but also as a human being. I am extremely grateful to my two PhD supervisors: Östen Wahlbeck and Suvi Keskinen, who have invested time and efforts in reading and providing feedback to the thesis. Östen, you have been an important mentor for me during these years. Thanks for your support and your patience. Your critical suggestions and valuable insights have been fundamental for this study. Suvi, thanks for your inspiring comments and continuous encouragement. Your help allows me to grow as a research scientist during this amazing journey. I am also deeply indebted to many people who contributed to the different steps of this thesis. I am grateful to both reviewers Marja Tiilikainen and Marko Juntunen, for their time, dedication and valuable comments. -
Book Review Essay
Cliodynamics: the Journal of Theoretical and Mathematical History Indo-Europeans Were the Most Historically Significant Nomads of the Steppes Ricardo Duchesne University of New Brunswick This paper contrasts the historical significance of the Indo- European to the non-Indo-European nomads. The impact of such nomadic peoples as the Scythians, Sogdians, Turks, and Huns never came close to the deep and lasting changes associated with the ‘Indo-Europeanization’ of the Occident. While Indo- Europeans were not the only people of the steppes organized as war bands bound together by oaths of aristocratic loyalty and fraternity, they thoroughly colonized Europe with their original pastoral package of wheel vehicles, horse-riding, and chariots, combined with the ‘secondary-products revolution.’ In contrast, the relationship between the non-Indo-European nomads with their more advanced sedentary neighbours was one of ‘symbiosis,’ ‘conflict,’ ‘trade,’ and ‘conquest,’ rather than dominion and cultural colonization. In this essay I don’t wish to question the great merits of Martin Hewson’s long review, “Multicultural vs. Post-Multicultural World History: A Review Essay,” of The Uniqueness of Western Civilization (2011). Hewson poses a very important question about the exceptionality of Indo-Europeans vis-à-vis other pastoral peoples from the steppes that I would like to address. I will also clarify why my explanation on the aristocratic spirit of Europeans does not, as Hewson says, abjure “a materialist conception of history.” By ‘Indo-Europeans’ (IE) I understand a pastoral people from the Pontic-Caspian steppes who initiated the most mobile way of life in prehistoric times, starting with the riding of horses and the invention of wheeled vehicles in the fourth millennium BC, together with the efficient exploitation of the ‘secondary products’ of domestic animals (dairy products, textiles, harnessing of animals), large-scale herding, and the invention of chariots in the second millennium. -
Amber Battle-Axe and the Find Location the Battle-Axe Is 4.4 Cm Long and 1.4 Cm Wide (Fig
A miniature in amber of a battle-axe from the Battle-Axe Culture Larsson, Lars Published in: Adoranten 2017 Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Larsson, L. (2017). A miniature in amber of a battle-axe from the Battle-Axe Culture. Adoranten, 2017, 48-54. http://www.rockartscandinavia.com/images/articles/a17larsson.pdf Total number of authors: 1 General rights Unless other specific re-use rights are stated the following general rights apply: Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal Read more about Creative commons licenses: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. LUND UNIVERSITY PO Box 117 221 00 Lund +46 46-222 00 00 Lars Larsson A miniature in amber of a battle- axe from the Battle-Axe Culture Abstract In the mid 1930s an amber object shaped like a miniature battle-axe was found in the northern part of Öland, an island in the Baltic Sea. -
Conference Handbook and the ICPS Arriv- Al Guide on Your Phone And/Or on Your Laptop
CONTENTS Tervetuloa suomeen 4 WELCOME TO FINLAND 4 WELCOME ADDRESS BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE IAPS 5 Local information 6 FINLAND 6 Helsinki 10 Student life 10 Student associations 11 Important Information 12 CONTACT INFORMATION 13 TELEGRAM 14 WIFI 14 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION 15 RECYCLING 15 CITY BIKES 15 Scientific Programme16 GUEST LECTURES 16 STUDENT LECTURES 18 POSTER SESSION 18 Weekly Programme19 ARRIVAL DAY, AUGUST 8TH 21 KUMPULA DAY, AUGUST 9TH 21 OTANIEMI DAY, AUGUST 10TH 24 SAUNA DAY, AUGUST 11TH 28 POSTER DAY, AUGUST 12TH 33 EXCURSION DAY, AUGUST 13TH 34 LEAVING / TALLINN DAY, AUGUST 14TH 37 SPONSORS 38 Organizing Committee41 & Volunteers CITY CENTER 45 KUMPULA CAMPUS 46 AALTO UNIVERSITY OTANIEMI CAMPUS 47 OMENA-HOTELLI 49 WEST HARBOUR, LÄNSISATAMA 49 Participant map 50 3 ICPS HELSINKI 2018 TERVETULOA SUOMEEN WELCOME TO FINLAND I warmly welcome you to the XXXIII Inter- sure that you will enjoy every moment! national Conference of Physics Students! It’s going to be an inspirational and spec- Now that we are talking about ICPS tra- tacular week. There are 362 participants ditions, unfortunately the excursions from 42 countries, along with around 40 are once again right after the National volunteers, who are helping to organize Evening… Luckily we decided to make this exceptional week. Many of the events things a little bit easier and have a brunch during the conference week may be fa- replacing the breakfast and, as such, the miliar from previous conferences, but I’m first excursions leave only at 10:30. This quite sure that there will be something year, there will be only cultural excursions never seen before in any ICPS. -
Language Attrition and Death: Livonian in Its Terminal Phase
1 Christopher Moseley LANGUAGE ATTRITION AND DEATH: LIVONIAN IN ITS TERMINAL PHASE Thesis submitted for the degree of Master of Philosophy at the School of Slavonic and East European Studies, University of London March 1993 ProQuest Number: 10046089 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest. ProQuest 10046089 Published by ProQuest LLC(2016). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 INTRODUCTION This study of the present state of the Livonian language, a Baltic-Finnic tongue spoken by a few elderly people formerly resident in a dozen fishing villages on the coast of Latvia, consists of four main parts. Part One gives an outline of the known history of the Livonian language, the history of research into it, and of its own relations with its closest geographical neighbour, Latvian, a linguistically unrelated Indo-European language. A state of Latvian/Livonian bilingualism has existed for virtually all of the Livonians' (or Livs') recorded history, and certainly for the past two centuries. Part Two consists of a Descriptive Grammar of the present- day Livonian language as recorded in an extensive corpus provided by one speaker. -
ESTONIAN LANGUAGE Kala on Puu Juures A Fish Is Near the Tree Literally: A Fish Is in the Root of a Tree
ESTONIAN LANGUAGE Kala on puu juures A fish is near the tree Literally: A fish is in the root of a tree ISBN 9985-9341-9-9 / Published by the Estonian Institute 2004 / Illustrations: Jaagup Roomet / Design: Aadam Kaarma LABOR Estonian Language Urmas Sutrop Estonian is used in the army... aviation... theatre The Estonian language The ancestors of the Estonians arrived at Finnish, Hungarian and Estonian are the the Baltic Sea 13 000 years ago when the best known of the Finno-Ugric languages; mainland glaciers of the last Ice Age had rather less known are the following retreated from the area now designated smaller languages of the same language as Estonia. The first settlers who followed group: South Estonian, Votian, Livonian, the reindeer herds came here from south, Izhorian, Vepsian, Karelian, Sami, Erzya, from Central Europe. Although the vocab- Moksha, Mari, Udmurt and Komi, spoken ulary and grammar of the language used from Scandinavia to Siberia. by people in those days have changed beyond recognition, the mentality of the Estonian differs from its closest large tundra hunters of thousands of years ago related language, Finnish, at least as can be still perceived in modern Estonian. much as English differs from Frisian. The difference between Estonian and Hungar- The majority of European languages ian is about as significant as between belong to the Indo-European language German and Persian. group (e.g. Spanish, Polish, Lithuanian, Norwegian, Albanian, Romany, Greek or Along with Icelandic, Estonian is at Welsh). Of the ancient European langua- present one of the smallest languages in ges, once so widespread throughout the the world that fulfils all the functions continent, Basque in the Pyrenees, the necessary for an independent state to Finno-Ugric languages in the North and perform linguistically.