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Redalyc.Leaf and Inflorescence Axis Anatomy of Brazilian Species Of Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ISSN: 0001-3765 [email protected] Academia Brasileira de Ciências Brasil DALTIN, ÂNGELA L.; ORIANI, ALINE; SCATENA, VERA L. Leaf and inflorescence axis anatomy of Brazilian species of Rapateoideae (Rapateaceae, Poales) Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, vol. 87, núm. 1, marzo, 2015, pp. 157-171 Academia Brasileira de Ciências Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=32738838015 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (2015) 87(1): 157-171 (Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences) Printed version ISSN 0001-3765 / Online version ISSN 1678-2690 htt://d.doi.or/10.1590/0001-376520152010071 www.scielo.br/aabc Leaf and inorescence axis anatomy of Brazilian species of Rapateoideae (Rapateaceae, Poales) ÂNGELA L. DALTIN, ALINE ORIANI and VERA L. SCATENA eartamento de Botnica Instit to de Biociências niversidade stad al Pa lista Avenida 2 A 1515 Caia Postal 199 13506-900 io Claro SP Brasil anscri receied n erar acceed r icain n ABSTRACT The anatomy of leaves and inorescence axes of aans (2 s.) aaea (2 s.) Ceasen (1 s.) and cea (1 s.) ( aateoideae aateaceae) was st died to identify sef l characters for taxonomy. The cross-section shape of inorescence axis differentiates the genera, while the cross-section shape and structure of leaf midrib has a specic value. The following characteristics are exclusive of aans : silica cells randomly distrib ted in the leaf eidermis licate chlorenchyma in the leaf blade presence of ber bundles in the mesophyll and in the inorescence axis parenchyma. aans is also distinguished by the number, type and distribution of vascular bundles in the inorescence axis. The genus aaea is characterized by the resence of stomata and silica cells only on the abaial eidermis of the leaves and chlorenchyma comosed of arm cells in the leaf blade. Characteristics with dianostic val e for Ceasen riedeians are: leaf eidermal cells with straiht to slihtly sin o s walls in frontal view, inorescence axes presenting a dened cortex, ber bundles facing the larger vascular bundles and a stulous pith. The anatomical characteristics of the leaves and inorescence axes thus proved to be of taxonomic value in generic and specic levels. They are also useful to differentiate Rapateoideae from other s bfamilies of aateaceae. Key words: anatomy Ceasen cea Poales aaea aateaceae aans . INTRODUCTION Africa (a ire 1958 Stevenson et al. 1998). In aateaceae comrise aroimately 100 secies Brazil aroimately 39 secies and nine enera in 16-17 enera (Stevenson et al. 1998 ivnish are fo nd rowin rimarily in the Amazon reion et al. 200) and are a basal family in Poales alon (onteiro 201). hey are erennial herbs with a with Bromeliaceae and yhaceae (inder and short stem from which disticho s or sirodisticho s dall 2005 ivnish et al. 2010). he family has leaves and inorescence axes (scapes) originate a restricted distrib tion in So th America mostly (a ire 1958 Stevenson et al. 1998). in the ayana Shield with the ecetion of aateaceae are divided into three s bfamilies: ascaceas dinaei that occ rs in western aateoideae onotremoideae and Sao - fridericioideae (ivnish et al. 200). aateoideae Corresondence to: Aline Oriani -mail: alineorianiyahoo.com.br are the earliest diverent ones and comrise the An Acad Bras Cienc (2015) 87 (1) 8 NA . AIN AIN OIANI and A . SCANA enera aans aaea Ceasen in a ateaceae are anatomically characterized and cea (ivnish et al. 200 ). aans is by: aracytic stomata only on the abaial s rface the sister ro of aaea and Ceasen resence of silica cells in the e idermis meso hyll (ivnish et al. 200 ). hese three enera were the differentiated into alisade and s on y tiss e the rst to diverge and are remarkable for presenting last com osed of arm arenchyma and slime- dis ersion ran es that etend o t of the ayana rod cin trichomes in the leaf ails. Shield to the Amazon Basin (ivnish et al. 2000). The inorescence axes in Rapateaceae are he en s cea (made of fo r s ecies) characterized by: hypodermal bers as a continuous was described by a ire (1958) and later sheath or as strands a ro nd arenchyma synonymized as Ceasen by Steyermark com osed of s haeroidal or arm cells resence of (1988) d e to their mor holo ical similarities. henolic idioblasts and vasc lar b ndles nearer to owever Berry (200 ) in his s rvey on a ateaceae the centre enclosed by a common brous sheath of the enez elan ayana lora once a ain (Carl ist 1969). se arates the enera based on the mor holo y of iven the im ortance of identifyin anatomical seeds, leaves and inorescence axes. In the most characteristics with taonomic val e this a er aimed recent hylo enetic st dy of the family (ivnish et to describe the anatomy of leaves and inorescence al. 200 ) which resents s ra eneric taonomic aes of aans icr niaerais aaea chan es cea is also treated as a se arate en s. adsa ei Ceasen riedeians and cea sarrsa that was st died here is one of cea sarrsa (a ateoideae) to characterize three s ecies of the en s that occ rs in Brazil and the s bfamily and the enera contrib tin to the it is endemic (onteiro 201 ). nderstandin of infrafamiliar relationshi s. Ceasen is made up of eight species, ve MATERIALS AND METHODS of which are fo nd in Brazil and Ceasen riedeians that was st died here is also endemic The anatomy of leaves and inorescence axes was (a ire 1958 onteiro 201 ). aans analyzed in si Brazilian s ecies of a ateoideae. com rises two s ecies both occ rrin in Brazil he s ecies st died collectin areas and vo cher (a ire 1958 onteiro 201 ) and st died in this n mbers are resented in able I. he vo chers were work. aaea com rises abo t 20 s ecies (Stevenson de osited in the erbari m ioclarense (CB) et al. 1998) amon which 1 occ r in Brazil (onteiro at niversidade stad al Pa lista NSP. he 201 ) and two of them were also st died. collected material was xed in 50% FAA (37% In the literat re st dies on a ateaceae are formaldehyde, glacial acetic acid, 50% ethanol, scarce and incl de taonomy (a ire 1958 1:1:18 v/v) and subsequently stored in 70% ethanol 1965 Stevenson et al. 1998 Berry 200 ) ollen (ohansen 19 0) for the anatomical st dies. Only mor holo y (Carl ist 1961) anatomy of roots for cea sarrsa the anatomical st dy was leaves, stems and inorescence axes (Carlquist erformed on herborized material which was 1966 1969 errari et al. 201 ) embryolo y revio sly boiled in water and lycerin for tiss e (Venturelli and Bouman 1988), oral anatomy rehydration. e analyzed at least three individ als (Oriani and Scatena 2012) and hylo eny (ivnish of each s ecies collected from different o lations. et al. 2000 200 ). Cross lon it dinal and aradermal sections Accordin to Carl ist (1969) who analyzed in the median re ion of the leaves (blade and the anatomy of vegetative organs and inorescence sheath) and inorescence axes (scapes) were ais of 15 of the 17 enera of the family the leaves made by hand sin dis osable razor blades. he An Acad Bras Cienc (2015) 87 (1) ANAO O APAOIA TABLE I Species studied, collecting areas and voucher numbers. Species Localization Voucher number Par e Nacional da Serra do Ci Ceasen riedeians rn. Scatena et al. 298 Santana do iacho inas erais Par e Nacional do ir cea sarrsa (Willd. ex Link) Maguire ombardi et al. 7579 Caracara oraima aaea adsa Abl. ala o ocantins Scatena et al. 2 Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, aaea ei Pil . ombardi et al. 7611 anas Amazonas Par e Nacional do ir aans icr Ducke ombardi et al. 7580 Caracara oraima Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke, aans niaerais esv. ombardi et al. 7618 anas Amazonas sections were doble stained with basic fchsin All s ecies have e idermal cells containin silica and astra ble (oeser 1972) and monted on bodies that may be resent on one or both leaf srfaces. semi- ermanent slides with lycerin elatin. In frontal view these silica cells have a random he resence of henolic com onds was tested distribtion (i s. 1 and 2 - arrows) or are distribted with a eos eCl 3 ( ohansen 19 0). Cross and in lon itdinal rows (i s. 3 and - arrows). lon itdinal sections were also obtained by sin a In cross-section the e idermis is sin le-layered microtome (eica 22 5). or this r ose leaf with ronded or tablar cells (i s. 5-9) of similar and inorescence axis samples were dehydrated in size on both leaf sides (i s. 17-28). he e idermal an n-btyl alcohol series and embedded accordin cells have slightly thickened outer periclinal walls to eder and OBrien (1968) in (2-hydroyethyl)- (Figs. 6-9). Subepidermal ber strands (Fs) are methacrylate (eica istoresin mbeddin it). resent on both leaf sides (i s. 6 7 9 11 13-15). hese sections were stained with eriodic acid S ecies of aans also have ber bundles Schiffs rea ent (PAS) and tolidine ble (OBrien (b) scattered in the meso hyll (i s.
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