The Role of Size Assortment in Structuring Neotropical Bird Communities
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A Revision of the Mexican Piculus (Picidae) Complex
THE WILSON BULLETIN A QUARTERLY MAGAZINE OF ORNITHOLOGY Published by the Wilson Ornithological Society VOL. 90, No. 2 JUNE 1978 PAGES 159-334 WilsonBdl., 90(Z), 1978, pp. 159-181 A REVISION OF THE MEXICAN PZCULUS (PICIDAE) COMPLEX LUIS F. BAPTISTA The neotropical woodpeckers of the genus Piculus are closely related to the flickers (Colaptes) (Short 1972). P icu 1us species range from Mexico to southern Brazil, Paraguay, Peru (Ridgway 1914) and Argentina (Salvin and Godman 1892). Peters (1948) lists 46 taxa (9 species and their sub- species) of which 20 are subspecies of Piculus rubiginosus, the most widely distributed species. The latter ranges from southern Veracruz to the north- western provinces of Jujuy, Salta, and Tucuman in Argentina (Peters 1948). Compared with other picids, this genus is generally poorly represented in museum collections. It is possible that they are not as rare as they seem, but being rather silent and secretive birds and difficult to distinguish from the associated vegetation due to their cryptic green coloration, are easily passed unnoticed by collectors in the field. A difference of opinion exists among taxonomists regarding the status of several of the Mexican forms. Two species complexes are recognized in the Mexican check-list (Miller et al. 1957). The Piculus auricularti complex is reported by these authors as consisting of 2 subspecies: sonoriensis known only from the type series of 3 birds taken at Ranch0 Santa Barbara, Sonora, and the nominate race auricularis recorded as ranging from Sinaloa south to Guerrero. They point out the uncertain status of the form sonorien- sis, stating that additional material is needed to substantiate it. -
A Comprehensive Multilocus Phylogeny of the Neotropical Cotingas
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 81 (2014) 120–136 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev A comprehensive multilocus phylogeny of the Neotropical cotingas (Cotingidae, Aves) with a comparative evolutionary analysis of breeding system and plumage dimorphism and a revised phylogenetic classification ⇑ Jacob S. Berv 1, Richard O. Prum Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, P.O. Box 208105, New Haven, CT 06520, USA article info abstract Article history: The Neotropical cotingas (Cotingidae: Aves) are a group of passerine birds that are characterized by Received 18 April 2014 extreme diversity in morphology, ecology, breeding system, and behavior. Here, we present a compre- Revised 24 July 2014 hensive phylogeny of the Neotropical cotingas based on six nuclear and mitochondrial loci (7500 bp) Accepted 6 September 2014 for a sample of 61 cotinga species in all 25 genera, and 22 species of suboscine outgroups. Our taxon sam- Available online 16 September 2014 ple more than doubles the number of cotinga species studied in previous analyses, and allows us to test the monophyly of the cotingas as well as their intrageneric relationships with high resolution. We ana- Keywords: lyze our genetic data using a Bayesian species tree method, and concatenated Bayesian and maximum Phylogenetics likelihood methods, and present a highly supported phylogenetic hypothesis. We confirm the monophyly Bayesian inference Species-tree of the cotingas, and present the first phylogenetic evidence for the relationships of Phibalura flavirostris as Sexual selection the sister group to Ampelion and Doliornis, and the paraphyly of Lipaugus with respect to Tijuca. -
Birding the Atlantic Rainforest, South-East Brazil Itororo Lodge and Regua 11Th – 20Th March 2018
BIRDING THE ATLANTIC RAINFOREST, SOUTH-EAST BRAZIL ITORORO LODGE AND REGUA 11TH – 20TH MARCH 2018 White-barred Piculet (©Andy Foster) Guided and report compiled by Andy Foster www.serradostucanos.com.br Sunday 11th March The following 10 day tour was a private trip for a group of 4 friends. We all flew in from the UK on a BA flight landing the night of the 10th and stayed in the Linx Hotel located close to the International airport in Rio de Janeiro. We met up for breakfast at 07.00 and by 08.00 our driver had arrived to take us for the 2.5 hour drive to Itororo Lodge where we were to spend our first 6 nights birding the higher elevations of the Serra do Mar Mountains. On the journey up we saw Magnificent Frigatebird, Cocoi Heron, Great White Egret, Black-crowned Night Heron, Neotropic Cormorant and Roadside Hawk. By 10.30 we had arrived at the lodge and were greeted by Bettina and Rainer who would be our hosts for the next week. The feeders were busy at the lodge and we were soon picking up new species including Azure-shouldered Tanager, Brassy-breasted Tanager, Black-goggled Tanager, Sayaca Tanager, Ruby- crowned Tanager, Golden-chevroned Tanager, Magpie Tanager, Burnished-buff Tanager, Plain Parakeet, Maroon-bellied Parakeet, Rufous-bellied Thrush, Green-winged Saltator, Pale-breasted Thrush, Violet- capped Woodnymph, Black Jacobin, Scale-throated Hermit, Sombre Hummingbird, Brazilian Ruby and White-throated Hummingbird…. not bad for the first 30 minutes! We spent the last hour or so before lunch getting to grips with the feeder birds, we also picked up brief but good views of a Black-Hawk Eagle as it flew through the lodge gardens. -
Tinamiformes – Falconiformes
LIST OF THE 2,008 BIRD SPECIES (WITH SCIENTIFIC AND ENGLISH NAMES) KNOWN FROM THE A.O.U. CHECK-LIST AREA. Notes: "(A)" = accidental/casualin A.O.U. area; "(H)" -- recordedin A.O.U. area only from Hawaii; "(I)" = introducedinto A.O.U. area; "(N)" = has not bred in A.O.U. area but occursregularly as nonbreedingvisitor; "?" precedingname = extinct. TINAMIFORMES TINAMIDAE Tinamus major Great Tinamou. Nothocercusbonapartei Highland Tinamou. Crypturellus soui Little Tinamou. Crypturelluscinnamomeus Thicket Tinamou. Crypturellusboucardi Slaty-breastedTinamou. Crypturellus kerriae Choco Tinamou. GAVIIFORMES GAVIIDAE Gavia stellata Red-throated Loon. Gavia arctica Arctic Loon. Gavia pacifica Pacific Loon. Gavia immer Common Loon. Gavia adamsii Yellow-billed Loon. PODICIPEDIFORMES PODICIPEDIDAE Tachybaptusdominicus Least Grebe. Podilymbuspodiceps Pied-billed Grebe. ?Podilymbusgigas Atitlan Grebe. Podicepsauritus Horned Grebe. Podicepsgrisegena Red-neckedGrebe. Podicepsnigricollis Eared Grebe. Aechmophorusoccidentalis Western Grebe. Aechmophorusclarkii Clark's Grebe. PROCELLARIIFORMES DIOMEDEIDAE Thalassarchechlororhynchos Yellow-nosed Albatross. (A) Thalassarchecauta Shy Albatross.(A) Thalassarchemelanophris Black-browed Albatross. (A) Phoebetriapalpebrata Light-mantled Albatross. (A) Diomedea exulans WanderingAlbatross. (A) Phoebastriaimmutabilis Laysan Albatross. Phoebastrianigripes Black-lootedAlbatross. Phoebastriaalbatrus Short-tailedAlbatross. (N) PROCELLARIIDAE Fulmarus glacialis Northern Fulmar. Pterodroma neglecta KermadecPetrel. (A) Pterodroma -
Notes on Birds of Central Oaxaca
_Monitoreo-_ Notes on the Birds of Central Oaxaca, Part II: Columbidae to Vireonidae John M. Forcey Apartado 1415, Oaxaca, Oaxaca, C.P. 68000, México. E-mail: [email protected] S u m m a r y New data are presented amplifying or clarifying the status and distribution of 70 species of birds found in central Oaxaca primarily in portions of the Districts of Centro, Etla, Ixtlan, Tlacolula, and Zaachila within 35 km of Oaxaca City. Summaries are based on observations made on 738 days during the period from Dec 1996 to Mar 2002. Principal habitats found in the area are pine-oak (including limited areas of pine-oak-fir and limited extensions of bunch grass mixed with pine-oak), oak scrub, arid subtropical scrub, riparian areas, and areas more or less modified for agricultural or other human use (including gardens and parks). The following species are newly reported from the area as vagrants or rare transient migrants: Plain-capped Starthroat (Heliomaster constantii), Sparkling-tailed Hummingbird (Tilmatura dupontii), Yellow- bellied Flycatcher (Empidonax flaviventris), Acadian Flycatcher (Empidonax virescens), Great Crested Flycatcher (Myiarchus crinitus), Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher (Myiodynastes luteiventris), Philadelphia Vireo (Vireo philadelphicus), Red-eyed Vireo (Vireo olivaceus), and Yellow-green Vireo (Vireo flavoviridis). Also, the following ten species have previously been reported either only on Christmas Bird Counts or as single records: Buff-collared Nightjar (Caprimulgus ridgwayi) (presumed resident), Great Swallow-tailed Swift (Panyptila sanctihieronymi) (local resident), Azure-crowned Hummingbird (Amazilia cyanocephala) (local resident), Green-fronted Hummingbird (Amazilia viridifrons), Garnet- throated Hummingbird (Lamprolaima rhami), Russet-crowned Motmot (Momotus mexicanus) (presumed resident Sierra Juárez), Eastern Phoebe (Sayornis phoebe), Social Flycatcher (Myiozetetes similis) (resident), Gray-collared Becard (Pachyramphus major) (resident), and White-eyed Vireo (Vireo griseus). -
Categorización De Las Aves De La Argentina
Categorización de las Aves de la Argentina SEGÚN SU ESTADO DE CONSERVACIÓN Informe del Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable de la Nación y de Aves Argentinas Ilustración: Leonardo González Galli - Gallito de arena AUTORIDADES Presidente de la Nación Mauricio Macri Ministro de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable Sergio Bergman Jefa de Gabinete de Asesores Patricia Holzman Secretario de Política Ambiental, Cambio Climático y Desarrollo Sustentable Diego Moreno Subsecretaría de Planificación y Ordenamiento Ambiental del Territorio Dolores María Duverges Director Nacional de Biodiversidad y Recursos Hídricos Javier Garcia Espil Director de la Dirección de Fauna Silvestre y Conservación de la Biodiversidad Santiago D'Alessio 2 Indice CONTENIDO PRÓLOGO............................................................................................................................................5 INTRODUCCIÓN...................................................................................................................................7 METODOLOGÍA...................................................................................................................................9 2.1 Procedimientos generales y cambio de metodología...............................................9 2.2 Alcance geográfico para la recategorización.............................................................9 2.3 Elaboración de la matriz de especies y selección de especies para evaluar.........10 2.4. Proceso de evaluación y categorización de especies y justificación -
Ruínas E Urubus: História Da Ornitologia No Paraná. Período De Natterer, 1 (1820 a 1834) ; Por Fernando C
Hori Cadernos Técnicos 5 RUÍNAS E URUBUS: HISTÓRIA DA ORNITOLOGIA NO PARANÁ PERÍODO DE NATTERER, 1 (1820 a 1834) 1a Edição Fernando C. Straube Hori Consultoria Ambiental Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil Setembro de 2012 © URBEN-FILHO & STRAUBE CONSULTORES S/S LTDA. Ficha catalográfica preparada por DIONE SERIPIERRI (Museu de Zoologia, USP) Straube, Fernando C. Ruínas e urubus: história da ornitologia no Paraná. Período de Natterer, 1 (1820 a 1834) ; por Fernando C. Straube, apresentação de Renato S. Bérnils. – Curitiba, Pr: Hori Consultoria Ambiental, 2012. 241p. (Hori Cadernos Técnicos n. 5) ISBN 978-85-62546-05-1 1. Aves - Paraná. 2. Paraná - Ornitologia. 3. Ornitologia – História. I. Straube, Fernando C. II. Bérnils, Renato S., apresent. II. Título. III. Série. Depósito Legal na Biblioteca Nacional, conforme Decreto n1825, de 20 de dezembro de 1907. Dados internacionais de Catalogação da Publicação (Câmara Brasileira do Livro, São Paulo, Brasil) Capa: Composição com mata de araucária na Lapa (Paraná) (Foto: F.C.Straube), documentos e imagens de autoria de Aimée Adrien Taunay, Michael Sandler, Auguste de Saint-Hilaire e Jean Baptiste Debret, citados no texto. Foto em destaque: urubu-rei (Sarcoramphus papa) de Cassiano “Zapa” Zaparoli Zaniboni (www.zapa.photoshelter.com). 2012 http://www.hori.bio.br HORI CADERNOS TÉCNICOS n° 5 ISBN: 978-85-62546-05-1 CURITIBA, SETEMBRO DE 2012 CITAÇÃO RECOMENDADA Straube, F.C. 2012. Ruínas e urubus: História da Ornitologia no Paraná. Período de Natterer, 1 (1820 a 1834). Curitiba, Hori Consultoria Ambiental. Hori Cadernos Técnicos n° 5, 241+xiii pp. ABERTURA O CENTENÁRIO DA ORNITOLOGIA PARANAENSE “Às minhas viagens ao Paraná, atribuo a importância para que a continuidade do trabalho polonês na América do Sul não seja interrompida. -
Predation on Vertebrates by Neotropical Passerine Birds Leonardo E
Lundiana 6(1):57-66, 2005 © 2005 Instituto de Ciências Biológicas - UFMG ISSN 1676-6180 Predation on vertebrates by Neotropical passerine birds Leonardo E. Lopes1,2, Alexandre M. Fernandes1,3 & Miguel Â. Marini1,4 1 Depto. de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-910, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. 2 Current address: Lab. de Ornitologia, Depto. de Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, 31270-910, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected]. 3 Current address: Coleções Zoológicas, Aves, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Avenida André Araújo, 2936, INPA II, 69083-000, Manaus, AM, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected]. 4 Current address: Lab. de Ornitologia, Depto. de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Brasília, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract We investigated if passerine birds act as important predators of small vertebrates within the Neotropics. We surveyed published studies on bird diets, and information on labels of museum specimens, compiling data on the contents of 5,221 stomachs. Eighteen samples (0.3%) presented evidence of predation on vertebrates. Our bibliographic survey also provided records of 203 passerine species preying upon vertebrates, mainly frogs and lizards. Our data suggest that vertebrate predation by passerines is relatively uncommon in the Neotropics and not characteristic of any family. On the other hand, although rare, the ability to prey on vertebrates seems to be widely distributed among Neotropical passerines, which may respond opportunistically to the stimulus of a potential food item. -
Pipridae) and of the Cotingas (Cotingidae) Based on Morphology
OCCASIONAL PAPERS OF THE MUSEUM OF ZOOLOGY THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN A TEST OF THE MONOPHYLY OF THE MANAKINS (PIPRIDAE) AND OF THE COTINGAS (COTINGIDAE) BASED ON MORPHOLOGY ABSTRACT.-Pmm, Richard 0. A test of the monophyly of the manakins (Pipridae) and of the cotingas (Cotingidae) based on morphology. Occ. Pap. Mus. Zool., Uniu. Michigan, 723:I-44,6jigs. A phylogenetic analysis of the Tyr- annoidea is performed as a test of the monophyly of the manakins (Pipri- dae) and of the cotingas (Cotingidae). The 12 morphological characters surveyed include the traditional characters used to define the families and other morphological features taken from observations of tyrannoid syr- inges and hindlimb arteries. Five traditional characters are phylogeneti- cally uninformative. The remaining seven characters support 25 maxi- mally parsimonious phylogenetic hypotheses of length 10 (CI = 0.70). A strict consensus tree based on these trees has few resolved clades, but indicates that neither the Pipridae nor the Cotingidae as traditionally defined is monophyletic. Six currently recognized genera of Pipridae- Schiffornis, Sapayoa, Piprites, Neopipo, Neopelma, and Tyranneutes-share de- rived morphological characters with other, non-piprid tyrannoids. The other eleven piprid genera-4hloropip0, Xenopipo, Antilophia, Heterocercus, Machaeropterus, Manacus, Corapipo, Ilicura, Masiur, Chiroxiphia, and Pipra- form a clade diagnosed by the dorsal fusion of the B1-2 syringeal sup- porting elements. A large clade including most cotingids is supported by a derived syringeal muscle character and provides evidence of the mono- phyly of the cotingids, but this character conflicts with other derived morphological features. Additional data are required to resolve many portions of tyrannoid higher-level phylogeny. -
Brazil's Eastern Amazonia
The loud and impressive White Bellbird, one of the many highlights on the Brazil’s Eastern Amazonia 2017 tour (Eduardo Patrial) BRAZIL’S EASTERN AMAZONIA 8/16 – 26 AUGUST 2017 LEADER: EDUARDO PATRIAL This second edition of Brazil’s Eastern Amazonia was absolutely a phenomenal trip with over five hundred species recorded (514). Some adjustments happily facilitated the logistics (internal flights) a bit and we also could explore some areas around Belem this time, providing some extra good birds to our list. Our time at Amazonia National Park was good and we managed to get most of the important targets, despite the quite low bird activity noticed along the trails when we were there. Carajas National Forest on the other hand was very busy and produced an overwhelming cast of fine birds (and a Giant Armadillo!). Caxias in the end came again as good as it gets, and this time with the novelty of visiting a new site, Campo Maior, a place that reminds the lowlands from Pantanal. On this amazing tour we had the chance to enjoy the special avifauna from two important interfluvium in the Brazilian Amazon, the Madeira – Tapajos and Xingu – Tocantins; and also the specialties from a poorly covered corner in the Northeast region at Maranhão and Piauí states. Check out below the highlights from this successful adventure: Horned Screamer, Masked Duck, Chestnut- headed and Buff-browed Chachalacas, White-crested Guan, Bare-faced Curassow, King Vulture, Black-and- white and Ornate Hawk-Eagles, White and White-browed Hawks, Rufous-sided and Russet-crowned Crakes, Dark-winged Trumpeter (ssp. -
Anatomical Evidence for Phylogenetic Relationships Among Woodpeckers
ANATOMICAL EVIDENCE FOR PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG WOODPECKERS WILLIAM R. GOODGE ALT•tOUCr•the functionalanatomy of woodpeckershas long been a subjectof interest,their internal anatomyhas not been usedextensively for determiningprobable phylogeneticrelationships within the family. In part this is probablydue to the reluctanceto use highly adaptivefea- tures in phylogeneticstudies becauseof the likelihood of convergent evolution. Bock (1967) and othershave pointedout that adaptivehess in itself doesnot rule out taxonomicusefulness, and that the highly adaptivefeatures will probablybe the oneshaving conspicuous anatomical modifications,and Bock emphasizesthe need for detailedstudies of func- tion beforeusing featuresin studiesof phylogeny.Although valuable, functionalconclusions are often basedon inferencesnot backed up by experimentaldata. As any similaritybetween species is possiblydue to functionalconvergence, I believewhat is neededmost is detailedstudy of a numberof featuresin order to distinguishbetween similarities re- sultingfrom convergenceand thosebased on phylogenticrelationship. Simplestructures are not necessarilymore primitive and morphological trendsare reversible,as Mayr (1955) has pointedout. Individual varia- tion may occur and various investigatorsmay interpret structuresdif- ferently. Despite these limitations,speculation concerning phylogeny will continuein the future,and I believethat it shouldbe basedon more, rather than fewer anatomical studies. MATERIALS AND METItODS Alcoholic specimensrepresenting 33 genera -
21 Sep 2018 Lists of Victims and Hosts of the Parasitic
version: 21 Sep 2018 Lists of victims and hosts of the parasitic cowbirds (Molothrus). Peter E. Lowther, Field Museum Brood parasitism is an awkward term to describe an interaction between two species in which, as in predator-prey relationships, one species gains at the expense of the other. Brood parasites "prey" upon parental care. Victimized species usually have reduced breeding success, partly because of the additional cost of caring for alien eggs and young, and partly because of the behavior of brood parasites (both adults and young) which may directly and adversely affect the survival of the victim's own eggs or young. About 1% of all bird species, among 7 families, are brood parasites. The 5 species of brood parasitic “cowbirds” are currently all treated as members of the genus Molothrus. Host selection is an active process. Not all species co-occurring with brood parasites are equally likely to be selected nor are they of equal quality as hosts. Rather, to varying degrees, brood parasites are specialized for certain categories of hosts. Brood parasites may rely on a single host species to rear their young or may distribute their eggs among many species, seemingly without regard to any characteristics of potential hosts. Lists of species are not the best means to describe interactions between a brood parasitic species and its hosts. Such lists do not necessarily reflect the taxonomy used by the brood parasites themselves nor do they accurately reflect the complex interactions within bird communities (see Ortega 1998: 183-184). Host lists do, however, offer some insight into the process of host selection and do emphasize the wide variety of features than can impact on host selection.