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Language of English Chat Room Messages As a Variety of Electronic English

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Language of English Chat Room Messages As a Variety of Electronic English VILNIUS PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH PHILOLOGY VILMA KARDAUSKIENĖ LANGUAGE OF ENGLISH CHAT ROOM MESSAGES AS A VARIETY OF ELECTRONIC ENGLISH MA Paper Academic Advisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Linas Selmistraitis Vilnius, 2008 VILNIUS PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH PHILOLOGY LANGUAGE OF ENGLISH CHAT ROOM MESSAGES AS A VARIETY OF ELECTRONIC ENGLISH This MA Paper is submitted in partial fulfilment of requirements for the degree of the MA in English Philology By Vilma Kardauskienė I declare that this study is my own and does not contain any unacknowledged work from any source. Academic Advisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Linas Selmistraitis 2 CONTENTS ABSTRACT................................................................................................................................. 5 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 6 1. ELECTRONIC ENGLISH – THE SPHERE OF USAGE ...................................................... 8 1.1. Internet Language and Electronic English....................................................................... 8 1.1.1. Internet Language – the Universal Language of Today............................................. 8 1.1.2. Popularity of Internet English.................................................................................. 10 1.2. Types of Chats ................................................................................................................ 12 1.2.1.Chat Types According to the Category of Space...................................................... 14 1.2.2. Chats According to the Degree of Privacy .............................................................. 16 1.2.3 Chat Types According to the Category of Time....................................................... 19 1.3. Using a Chat Room......................................................................................................... 21 1.3.1. Chat Room Users and Topics Discussed ................................................................. 21 1.3.2. Reasons for Chatting................................................................................................ 23 2. PECULIARITIES OF CHAT ROOM ENGLISH ............................................................... 24 2.1. Internet English as a Variety and Register...................................................................... 24 2.1.1. Variety...................................................................................................................... 24 2.1.2. Register .................................................................................................................... 25 2.2. Chat Room English as a New Medium........................................................................... 26 2.2.1. Spoken and Written Language Forms...................................................................... 26 2.2.2. Electronic English and Speech................................................................................. 27 2.2.3. Electronic English and Writing................................................................................ 31 3. GRAPHOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF CHAT ROOM MESSAGES............................................................................................................................... 32 3.1. Writing Peculiarities in Chat Room Messages ............................................................... 33 3.1.1. Causes for Violation ................................................................................................ 33 3.1.2. The Netspeak Graphology ....................................................................................... 34 3.2. The Building of Internet Neologisms ............................................................................. 37 3.2.1. Agglutination ........................................................................................................... 39 3.2.2. Compounding........................................................................................................... 42 3.2.3. Conversion ............................................................................................................... 44 3.2.4. Abbreviations........................................................................................................... 45 3.2.5. The Introduction of New Roots ............................................................................... 47 3.2.6. Portmanteau Words.................................................................................................. 48 3 3.2.7. Word Form Alteration.............................................................................................. 49 4. SYNTACTIC PECULIARITIES OF INTERNET ENGLISH.............................................. 50 4. 1. The Constituents of Chat Room Sentences.................................................................... 50 4. 2. Sentence Patterns in Internet English ............................................................................ 53 4. 3. The Functional Types of Sentences in Chat Messages.................................................. 54 4. 4. Types of Ellipsis in Online Communication.................................................................. 56 CONCLUSIONS........................................................................................................................ 62 SANTRAUKA........................................................................................................................... 64 REFERENCES .......................................................................................................................... 65 APPENDICES ........................................................................................................................... 70 4 ABSTRACT Internet English used for online communication influences spoken and written language forms. However, little analysis on the question of electronic English can be found – it is studied in a superficial way in literary sources present. The purpose of this study was to explore the language of English chat room messages as a variety of Electronic English. The objectives of the research included the analysis of chat room English in comparison to speech and writing as well as the study of graphological, morphological, and syntactic features of the language of online communication. Qualitative content analysis, comparative analysis, and descriptive method were chosen for the study. To support the scientific data discussed 1100 of chat room sentences were surveyed and 153 presented as practical examples. For a clearer view of the points analysed visual aids in the form of tables, figures, and Web page copies were included into the thesis. The research demonstrated that English used for online communication is a separate mode of language possessing features different from the ones of spoken and written forms of language. 5 INTRODUCTION The problem of the English language changes in general is widely analysed in various literary sources. Linguists have traditionally studied English variations adopting a synchronic and diachronic approach. However, little analysis on the question of electronic English can be found. What is more, the language of English chat room messages as a variety of electronic English is discussed in a very superficial way. There are only a few literary sources present on this topic and it is quite problematic to find exhaustive explanation concerning the question under discussion. As chats are widely and intensively used nowadays for online communication, the electronic form of chat room language developed specific changes in standard norm. To add to this, electronic language is greatly influential on spoken and written forms of English. The hypothesis of the thesis is as follows: the language of English chat room messages is a variety of electronic English possessing specific graphological, morphological, and syntactic features, belonging neither to speech nor writing, and being declared as a separate mode of language. The research significance lies in the analysis of theoretical points discussing the language of English chat room messages as a variety of electronic English. The present thesis contributes to the knowledge concerning the resemblance of electronic English to spoken and written language forms. Moreover, the present study extends the existing knowledge of graphological, morphological, and syntactic features of chat room English. The purpose of the present MA paper is to analyse the English language of chat rooms as a variety of electronic English and research major changes occurring in this type of language. The objectives of the research are as follows: 1) to present the sphere of usage of electronic English; 2) to analyse chat room language as a variety of Netspeak; 3) to discuss the resemblance of chat room English to spoken and written English; 4) to study graphological and morphological features of the language of online communication; 5) to analyse the syntactic peculiarities of the English language used in chat rooms. The methods used in the thesis are qualitative content analysis for a thorough literary overview discussing the topic of the paper, and comparative analysis of different literary sources and chat room messages so as to discuss the language used in chats, highlighting language norm violation. Descriptive method is used for the
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