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Health Vulnerabilities of Mobile and Migrant Populations in and Around

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Health Vulnerabilities of Mobile and Migrant Populations in and Around Health vulnerabilities of mobile and migrant populations in and around the Port of Beira, Mozambique A study on health vulnerabilities of mobile and migrant populations in and around the Port of Beira, Mozambique 2 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This study was carried out with the support of International Organisation for Migration (IOM) Southern Africa Regional Office and IOM Mozambique Office as part of a SADC funded initiative to identify HIV risk profiles for four Southern African ports using the concept of ‘Spaces of Vulnerability’ where the interaction of all groups in the space are discussed and key programming issues identified to reduce vulnerability to HIV transmission. The research was carried out at the port of Beira in Mozambique. We would like to thank the people of Beira who participated and gave freely of their time to provide us with valuable insights into the interactions between residents and mobile populations in the environs of the Beira Port in both the quantitative and qualitative surveys. A special thank you is hereby given to the Chair and members of the country technical steering committee which assisted immensely in ensuring that that the study was successfully implemented in Mozambique. Finally and most importantly, IOM would like to acknowledge SADC through its MS Fund for funding this project. 3 PREFACE This study was carried out with the support of International Organisation for Migration (IOM) Southern Africa Regional Office and IOM Mozambique Office as part of a SADC funded initiative to identify HIV risk profiles for four Southern African ports using the concept of ‘Spaces of Vulnerability’ where the interaction of all groups in the space are discussed and key programming issues identified to reduce vulnerability to HIV transmission. The research was carried out in the city of Beira in the central province of Sofala. We would like to thank the National AIDS Council (CNCS), the Provincial AIDS Nucleus, the City Health Department, Cornelder (Port Management Company) and Railways and Ports of Mozambique (CFM) for their support in carrying out the field work for the study. We would like to thank all people who gave freely of their time to provide us with valuable insights into the interactions between residents and mobile populations in the environs of the Port of Beira in both the quantitative and qualitative surveys. A special thank you to the community-based organisations of Luz na Comunidade, Kufunana, VIDEC, PSI, AMODEFA, and AJULSIDA, for providing valuable insights into their work and continuing to work in challenging circumstances in the Munhava neighbourhood. Research Team: Kerry Selvester Lourdes Fidalgo Delmira Mahace Victor Bie 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 3 PREFACE ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4 Table of Contents ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 5 Abstract ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 8 ACRONYMS AND GLOSSARY ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 9 DEFINITION OF TERMS (SADC, 2009) ................................................................................................................................................................. 10 CHAPTER 1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY........................................................................................................................................................................................ 11 1.1. Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 11 1.2. Justification for study ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 1.3. Objective of the study ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 13 1.4. Framework of the research ........................................................................................................................................................................ 14 1.5. Mixed methodology............................................................................................................................................................................................... 15 1.6. Training, enumeration and in-depth interviews ................................................................................................................ 16 Quantitative survey ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 16 Qualitative Study ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 17 1.7. Sample framework for the study ......................................................................................................................................................... 18 1.8. Data analysis ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 22 1.9. Limitations ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 22 CHAPTER 2 MOBILITY, HIV AND HEALTH CARE .......................................................................................................................................................................... 23 2.1. Mobility in the SADC region........................................................................................................................................................................ 23 2.2. History of the HIV epidemic in Mozambique ......................................................................................................................... 26 2.2.1. Health care in Mozambique and HIV programming in Mozambique.................................. 26 2.3. Beira city and health care access and provision ............................................................................................................ 29 2.4. HIV prevalence and programming in Beira city ................................................................................................................ 33 2.5. The neighbourhood of Munhava ........................................................................................................................................................... 37 2.6. Service provision in the area of the port ................................................................................................................................... 38 2.7 Key occupational groups working in and around the Port of Beira .......................................................... 41 5 CHAPTER 3 DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MOBILE AND MIGRANT POPULATIONS IN THE ENVIRONS OF THE PORT OF BEIRA ................................................................................................... 45 3.1. Age groups of respondents ....................................................................................................................................................................... 45 3.2. Nationality of the respondents ............................................................................................................................................................ 45 3.3. Mobility by occupational groups ........................................................................................................................................................ 46 3.4. Marital status of the respondents ...................................................................................................................................................... 48 3.5. Type of work by selected demographic characteristics ...................................................................................... 49 CHAPTER 4 SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR OF PORT USERS AND RESIDENTS .......................................................................................................... 53 4.1. Marital status and sexual behaviour ..............................................................................................................................................
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