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Kaiming Press and the Cultural Transformation of Republican China

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Kaiming Press and the Cultural Transformation of Republican China PRINTING, READING, AND REVOLUTION: KAIMING PRESS AND THE CULTURAL TRANSFORMATION OF REPUBLICAN CHINA BY LING A. SHIAO B.A., HEFEI UNITED COLLEGE, 1988 M.A., PENNSYVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, 1993 M.A., BROWN UNIVERSITY, 1996 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSPHY IN THE DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY AT BROWN UNIVERSITY PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND MAY 2009 UMI Number: 3370118 INFORMATION TO USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleed-through, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. UMI® UMI Microform 3370118 Copyright 2009 by ProQuest LLC All rights reserved. This microform edition is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 © Copyright 2009 by Ling A. Shiao This dissertation by Ling A. Shiao is accepted in its present form by the Department of History as satisfying the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Date W iO /L&O^ Jerome a I Grieder, Advisor Recommended to the Graduate Council Date ^)u**u/ef<2coy' Richard L. Davis, Reader DateOtA^UT^b Approved by the Graduate Council Date w& Sheila Bonde, Dean of the Graduate School in Ling A. Shiao Curriculum Vitae - June 2008 Department of History Southern Methodist University 77 Dallas Hall 3225 University Boulevard PO Box 750176 Dallas TX 75275-0176 Office Phone: 214-768-3683 Office FAX: 214-768-2404 Email: lshiao(5),smu.edu EDUCATION 1996 Brown University, M.A., East Asian History 1993 Pennsylvania State University, M.A., American History 1988 Hefei United College (P. R. China) B.A. English, Magna Cum Laude EMPLOYMENT 2007 - PresentSouthern Methodist University, Lecturer, Department of History 2004 - 2006 St. Mary's College of California, Visiting Lecturer, Department of History 2003 - 2004 U.C. Berkeley, Visiting Instructor, Department of History 2002 Wesleyan University, Visiting Lecturer, Department of History 2000 - 2001 U.C. Berkeley, Chinese Language Tutor, Department of History 1996 Brown University, Teaching Assistant, Department of History PUBLICATIONS Review of Christopher Reed, Gutenberg in Shanghai: Chinese Print Capitalism, 1879- 1937, Enterprise & Society, 6 (4) (December 2005):714-716. "Culture, Commerce, and Connections: The Inner Dynamics of New Culture Publishing in the Post-May Fourth Era." In From Woodblocks to the Internet: Chinese Publishing and Print Culture in Transition. Eds. Cynthia Brokaw and Christopher Reed, forthcoming. IV PAPERS PRESENTED "Culture from Connections: Guanxi Networks that Shaped the Kaiming Press, 1925- 1930." Annual Meeting of the American Historical Association, Washington D.C., January 2008. "Culture, Commerce, and Connections: The Inner Dynamics of New Culture Publishing in the Post-May Fourth Era." Annual Meeting of the Association for Asian Studies, Boston, Massachusetts, March 2007. "Reading and Revolution: "Youth Anxiety" in the Republican China." International Conference of Asian Scholars 4, organized by International Institute for Asian Studies, Leiden, the Netherlands in Shanghai, China, August 2005. "Bridging Influence and Income: May Fourth Intellectuals' Approaches to Cultural Economy in the Post-May Fourth Era." Annual Meeting of the Association for Asian Studies, New York, New York, March 2003. "Losing your Innocence, Losing your Job: Work and Chinese Youth in the Post-May Fourth Era." Annual Meeting of the Association for Asian Studies, Chicago, Illinois, March 2001. "Radicalism and Eroticism: Sexual Politics and the Problems of Discursive Binarisms in 1920s China," Guest Speaker at Center for East Asian Studies, Stanford University, May 2000. "Creating An Enlightened Community: Periodical Publishing and the Reading Public of Republican China," Annual Meeting of Western Conference of the Association for Asian Studies, Boise, Idaho, September 1999. "Selling Sexuality: Profits and Politics in Women's Magazines in Republican China," Annual Meeting of the Association for Asian Studies, Boston, MA, March 1999, Panel organizer. "Creating Lu Xun and His Audience," Annual Meeting of the Association for Asian Studies, Washington, D.C., March 1998. "The Metamorphosis of Short Story Monthly and the Legitimation of Modern Chinese Literature," Annual Meeting of Asian Studies on Pacific Coast, Monterey, CA, June 1997. FELLOWSHIPS AND HONORS Young Scholar Award, China Times Cultural Foundation, 1999-2000 University Research Fellowship, Brown University, 1997-1998 v FELLOWSHIPS AND HONORS (continued) Andrew W. Mellon Foundation Summer Fellowship, 1996 University Fellowship, Brown University, 1993-1994 RESEARCH INTERESTS Authors, Agents, and Audiences in the Production of A May Fourth World View, 1917- 1989 Contesting the Cultural Revolution Memory in Cyberspace TEACHING INTERESTS Modern Chinese History through Fiction and Film The History of Chinese Communism The Cultural Revolution and Its Memory Print Culture and Communications in China Chinese Intellectual and Cultural History Nation-building and Revolution in China Nation-building and Wars in Japan Gender and Chinese Society PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS Association for Asian Studies American Historical Association Society for the History of Authorship, Reading and Publishing ADDITIONAL INFORMATION Languages: Fluent in Chinese and English Born: Hefei, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China, 1964 Citizenship: United States citizen VI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Years of graduate training, researching, and writing has lead to bountiful debts. The greatest is owed to my dissertation advisor at Brown University, Professor Jerome Grieder, who patiently guided my research and the development of ideas that have come to fruition as my dissertation. I am thankful to my other committee members, Professors Richard Davis and Tani Barlow for their encouragement and intellectual inspiration. I also benefited greatly from the comments and insights of Professors Vera Schwarcz, Mark Swislocki, Edward Countryman who patiently read parts or all of the dissertation at one stage or another. My coursework with Professor Leo Ou-fan Lee at Harvard, conversations with Professor Wen-hsin Yeh at UC Berkeley, Professors Jia Zhifang (who recently passed away) and Wang Xiaoming in Shanghai, and philosophers Li Zehou and Liu Zaifu in Colorado have been invaluable in shaping my perception of May Fourth and the role of intellectuals. I am also fortunate to have had the opportunity to visit May Fourth veteran Shi Zhecun (1905-2003) at his Shanghai home many a time, to listen to his reminiscence of Lu Xun and other writers of his generation and to be captivated by his insights and infectious humor. This work would not have been possible without the assistance of scholars and librarians in China and the United States. I am particularly fortunate to be acquainted with Wang Jiubao, a veteran of Kaiming Press in the 1940s who opened doors for me to access the library of the China Youth Press which holds the most complete collection of the first editions of Kaiming's publications. Mr. Wang also arranged for my interviews with surviving Kaiming editors. Among them were Ye Zhishang (1918 - 2006) and and Zhou Zhenfu (1911-2000), two venerable Kaiming figures who generously gave of their time despite failing health. I was also very touched by the warm help of Feng Yiyin who introduced me to several people in Shanghai who might have clues that I needed about Kaiming and who took the trouble to send me a biography vii of father Feng Zikai she wrote. Zhu Junzhou, the director of Archives at Shanghai Municipal Library offered his personal copy of internally circulated The Catalogue of Kaiming Press which was most valuable to my project. Zhou Hepin and Sun Beixing, deputy directors of Beijing National Library; Wang Xirong, director of Shanghai Lu Xun Museum arranged for me to have easy access and bountiful assistance during my long research days in their facilities. Staffs at Harvard-Yenching Library, Hoover Library and Archives at Stanford, East Asian Library at UC Berkeley, Archives at Beijing People's University, and Shanghai Archives also kindly aided my research. Writing this dissertation would have been a far more difficult experience if not for the collaboration of my writing group at UC Berkeley where I was on an exchange program and stayed on afterward. I am especially grateful to Allison Rottmann who has painstakingly read, commented, and edited not only the entirety of this dissertation but also my other papers. Thanks are also owed to Andrea Goldman, Eugenio Menegon, Mark McNicholas, and John Williams for much needed intellectual companionship and criticism. My work is enriched by comments and suggestions from Norman Harry Rothschild, Anne Reinhardt, Christopher Reed, Robert Culp, Keith Schoppa, and Ellen Widmer. I also appreciate the interaction with participants of "From Woodblocks to the Internet: Chinese Publishing and Print Culture in Transition" Conference sponsored by Ohio State University in 2004. The China Times Cultural Foundation, Andrew Mellon Foundation, and Brown University generously provided financial support that made this
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