Navy's Aircraft Carrier Program
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US COLD WAR AIRCRAFT CARRIERS Forrestal, Kitty Hawk and Enterprise Classes
US COLD WAR AIRCRAFT CARRIERS Forrestal, Kitty Hawk and Enterprise Classes BRAD ELWARD ILLUSTRATED BY PAUL WRIGHT © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com NEW VANGUARD 211 US COLD WAR AIRCRAFT CARRIERS Forrestal, Kitty Hawk and Enterprise Classes BRAD ELWARD ILLUSTRATED BY PAUL WRIGHT © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 4 ORIGINS OF THE CARRIER AND THE SUPERCARRIER 5 t World War II Carriers t Post-World War II Carrier Developments t United States (CVA-58) THE FORRESTAL CLASS 11 FORRESTAL AS BUILT 14 t Carrier Structures t The Flight Deck and Hangar Bay t Launch and Recovery Operations t Stores t Defensive Systems t Electronic Systems and Radar t Propulsion THE FORRESTAL CARRIERS 20 t USS Forrestal (CVA-59) t USS Saratoga (CVA-60) t USS Ranger (CVA-61) t USS Independence (CVA-62) THE KITTY HAWK CLASS 26 t Major Differences from the Forrestal Class t Defensive Armament t Dimensions and Displacement t Propulsion t Electronics and Radars t USS America, CVA-66 – Improved Kitty Hawk t USS John F. Kennedy, CVA-67 – A Singular Class THE KITTY HAWK AND JOHN F. KENNEDY CARRIERS 34 t USS Kitty Hawk (CVA-63) t USS Constellation (CVA-64) t USS America (CVA-66) t USS John F. Kennedy (CVA-67) THE ENTERPRISE CLASS 40 t Propulsion t Stores t Flight Deck and Island t Defensive Armament t USS Enterprise (CVAN-65) BIBLIOGRAPHY 47 INDEX 48 © Osprey Publishing • www.ospreypublishing.com US COLD WAR AIRCRAFT CARRIERS FORRESTAL, KITTY HAWK AND ENTERPRISE CLASSES INTRODUCTION The Forrestal-class aircraft carriers were the world’s first true supercarriers and served in the United States Navy for the majority of America’s Cold War with the Soviet Union. -
James A. Lair, RADM USN (Ret.) Duty Assignment Chronology
1975 USS Coral Sea 1993 J. F. Kennedy Jr. Jim James A. Lair, RADM USN (Ret.) and graduated in June 1969 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in “Jim” International Relations. Date of Designation: December 1961 NA# V-8493 Flying the A4 Skyhawk and A7 Corsair II, Admiral Lair made two combat cruises aboard the USS Ticonderoga, and USS Dates of Active Duty: June 1960 - September 1995 Kitty Hawk flying over 200 combat missions over Vietnam. Total Flight Hours: 8,000 He then attended the School of Command and Staff at the Naval War College and received a MS in International Carrier/Ship Landings: Fixed wing: 1,410 Relations from the George Washington University. He then, made a third combat cruise aboard the USS Coral Sea and Approximate Flight Hours: participated in the evacuation of South Vietnam and was one Jet: 6,000 Prop: 2000 of the flight leaders in the recovery of the Merchant Ship Mayaguez. Combat Tours: Vietnam: CVW-16 (A-4) 1969, 1970, 1975, He commanded Attack Squadron 146, Carrier Air Wing Six USS Ticonderoga. during the 1991 Lebanon Crisis, the USS Caloosahatchee CVW-11 (A-7 Corsair) USS Kitty Hawk and the USS America (CV-66). VA-22, (A-7) 1975 USS Coral Sea Lebanon: CVW-6, (A-7, A-6, EA-6) USS Independence Following his tour as Chief of Staff for Commander U.S. Total of 220 combat missions. Sixth Fleet he was promoted to Rear Admiral. He then com- manded Carrier Striking Force Sixth Fleet deployed to the Aviation Commands: Mediterranean during the Bosnian Crisis. -
Writing to Think
U.S. Naval War College U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons Newport Papers Special Collections 2-2014 Writing to Think Robert C. Rubel Follow this and additional works at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/usnwc-newport-papers Recommended Citation Rubel, Robert C., "Writing to Think" (2014). Newport Papers. 41. https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/usnwc-newport-papers/41 This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Special Collections at U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Newport Papers by an authorized administrator of U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NAVAL WAR COLLEGE NEWPORT PAPERS 41 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE WAR NAVAL Writing to Think The Intellectual Journey of a Naval Career NEWPORT PAPERS NEWPORT 41 Robert C. Rubel Cover This perspective aerial view of Newport, Rhode Island, drawn and published by Galt & Hoy of New York, circa 1878, is found in the American Memory Online Map Collections: 1500–2003, of the Library of Congress Geography and Map Division, Washington, D.C. The map may be viewed at http://hdl.loc.gov/ loc.gmd/g3774n.pm008790. Writing to Think The Intellectual Journey of a Naval Career Robert C. Rubel NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS Newport, Rhode Island meyers$:___WIPfrom C 032812:_Newport Papers:_NP_41 Rubel:_InDesign:000 NP_41 Rubel-FrontMatter.indd January 31, 2014 10:06 AM Naval War College The Newport Papers are extended research projects that Newport, Rhode Island the Director, the Dean of Naval Warfare Studies, and the Center for Naval Warfare Studies President of the Naval War College consider of particular Newport Paper Forty-One interest to policy makers, scholars, and analysts. -
Black Sailors During the War of 1812 Lauren Mccormack, 2005 Revised by Kate Monea and Carl Herzog, 2020
Black Sailors During the War of 1812 Lauren McCormack, 2005 Revised by Kate Monea and Carl Herzog, 2020 A publication of the USS Constitution Museum, Boston © 2020 USS Constitution Museum | usscm.org Black Sailors During the War of 1812 Lauren McCormack, 2005 Revised by Kate Monea and Carl Herzog, 2020 CONTENTS Introduction .............................................................1 Free Blacks in the Post-Revolutionary American North ........................2 Free Blacks in Boston, Massachusetts ........................................5 Black Participation in the Maritime Trade ....................................7 Life at Sea for Black Sailors in the early United States Navy ....................10 Black Sailors on USS Constitution ..........................................17 A publication of the USS Constitution Museum, Boston © 2020 USS Constitution Museum | usscm.org Introduction At the beginning of the nineteenth century, free black men from the northeastern United States, struggling to make their way in a highly discriminatory American society, went to sea in the merchant marine and the U.S. Navy, including aboard USS Constitution. By no means did shipboard life completely extract them from the prejudices of a white-dominated culture, but it often provided them with better opportunities than they had on land. Like their fellow white sailors, black seamen in the Early Republic could count on stable pay with the benefit of room and board. For many, sea service and its pay provided a path to a better life ashore. Because race was not specifically noted in U.S. Navy personnel records at the time, much remains unknown about these men. However, a survey of the status of life for free blacks on shore sheds light on why some may have found seafaring an attractive opportunity. -
Print This Article
The Historical Review/La Revue Historique Vol. 11, 2014 Greek–American relations in the Yom Kippur War concurrence Kallivretakis Leonidas Institute of Historical Research / NHRF https://doi.org/10.12681/hr.327 Copyright © 2014 Leonidas Kallivretakis To cite this article: Kallivretakis, L. (2014). Greek–American relations in the Yom Kippur War concurrence. The Historical Review/La Revue Historique, 11, 105-126. doi:https://doi.org/10.12681/hr.327 http://epublishing.ekt.gr | e-Publisher: EKT | Downloaded at 06/10/2021 19:28:02 | GREEK–AMERICAN RELATIONS IN THE YOM KIPPUR WAR CONCURRENCE* Leonidas Kallivretakis Abstract: This article suggests that there is no hard evidence supporting the conspiracy theory that Georgios Papadopoulos’ dictatorial regime was overthrown by the United States in 1973, because the Greek junta leader refused to assist their supply effort in support of Israel during the Yom Kippur War. The purpose of this article is to explore a widely held “urban legend”: namely, that the Americans overthrew the Georgios Papadopoulos Greek military regime in November 1973, because the junta leader refused to assist the US supply effort in support of Israel during the October 1973 Yom Kippur War. This scenario takes as a given that the Dimitrios Ioannidis coup of November 25, 1973 issued from, or in any case was supported by the Americans (and perhaps the “Jews”)1 and, moreover of course, that the Polytechnic uprising a few days earlier was a provocation planned by the same forces, creating the political conditions and necessary climate for the overthrow of Papadopoulos by Ioannidis. This theory holds a prominent position in the wider realm of popular conspiracy theories, which are fond of using simplistic explanations to interpret complicated, dramatic events. -
Newport Paper 39
NAVAL WAR COLLEGE NEWPORT PAPERS 39 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE WAR NAVAL Influence without Boots on the Ground Seaborne Crisis Response NEWPORT PAPERS NEWPORT N ES AV T A A L T W S A D R E C T I O L N L U E E G H E T I VIRIBU OR A S CT MARI VI 39 Larissa Forster U.S. GOV ERN MENT Cover OF FI CIAL EDI TION NO TICE This per spective ae rial view of New port, Rhode Island, drawn and pub lished by Galt & Hoy of New York, circa 1878, is found in the Amer i can Mem ory On line Map Collec tions: 1500–2003, of the Li brary of Con gress Ge og ra phy and Map Di vi sion, Wash ing ton, D.C. The map may be viewed at http://hdl.loc.gov/ loc.gmd/g3774n.pm008790. Use of ISBN Pre fix This is the Offi cial U.S. Govern ment edi tion of this pub li ca tion and is herein iden ti fied to cer tify its au then tic ity. ISBN 978-1-935352-03-7 is for this U.S. Gov ern ment Print ing Of fice Of fi cial Edi tion only. The Su per in ten dent of Doc u ments of the U.S. Gov ern ment Print ing Of fice re quests that any re printed edi tion clearly be la beled as a copy of the authen tic work with a new ISBN. Legal Status and Use of Seals and Logos The logo of the U.S. -
Operation Bumpy Road: the Role of Admiral Arleigh Burke and the U.S. Navy in the Bay of Pigs Invasion John P
Old Dominion University ODU Digital Commons History Theses & Dissertations History Winter 1988 Operation Bumpy Road: The Role of Admiral Arleigh Burke and the U.S. Navy in the Bay of Pigs Invasion John P. Madden Old Dominion University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/history_etds Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Madden, John P.. "Operation Bumpy Road: The Role of Admiral Arleigh Burke and the U.S. Navy in the Bay of Pigs Invasion" (1988). Master of Arts (MA), thesis, History, Old Dominion University, DOI: 10.25777/chem-m407 https://digitalcommons.odu.edu/history_etds/35 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the History at ODU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ODU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. OPERATION BUMPY ROAD THE ROLE OF ADMIRAL ARLEIGH BURKE AND THE U.S. NAVY IN THE BAY OF PIGS INVASION by John P. Madden B.A. June 1980, Clemson University A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Old Dominion University in Partial Fulfilment of Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts History Old Dominion University December, 1988 Apy-Luvtsu u y; (Willard C. Frank, Jr.,Direct Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. ABSTRACT OPERATION BUMPY ROAD THE ROLE OF ADMIRAL ARLEIGH BURKE AND THE U.S. NAVY IN THE BAY OF PIGS INVASION John P. Madden Old Dominion University Director: Dr. Willard C. Frank, Jr. The Bay of Pigs invasion in April 1961 was a political and military fiasco. -
Deterrence in the Twenty-First Century Proceedings
Deterrence in the Twenty-first Century Proceedings London, UK 18–19 May 2009 September 2010 Muir S. Fairchild Research Information Center Cataloging Data Deterrence in the twenty-first century: proceedings / [edited by Anthony C. Cain.] p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-1-58566-202-9 1. Deterrence (Strategy)—Congresses. 2. Security, International—Forecasting— Congresses. 3. National security—United States—Planning—Congresses. 4. Arms control—Planning—Congresses. 5. Weapons of mass destruction—Prevention— Congresses. I. Title. II. Cain, Anthony C. 355.02/17––dc22 Disclaimer The analysis, opinions, and conclusions either expressed or implied within are solely those of the au- thor and do not necessarily represent the views of the Air Force Research Institute, Air University, the United States Air Force, the Department of Defense, or any other US government agency. Nor do they necessarily represent the views of the Joint Services Command and Staff College, the United Kingdom Defence Academy, the United Kingdom Ministry of Defence, or any other British government agency. Cleared for public release: distribution unlimited. ii Contents Chapter Page DISCLAIMER . ii PREFACE . vii 1 Framing Deterrence in the Twenty-first Century: Conference Summary . 1 Adam Lowther 2 Defining “Deterrence” . 15 Michael Codner 3 Understanding Deterrence . 27 Adam Lowther 4 Policy and Purpose . 41 Gen Norton A Schwartz, USAF Lt Col Timothy R. Kirk, USAF 5 Waging Deterrence in the Twenty-first Century . 63 Gen Kevin Chilton, USAF Greg Weaver 6 On Nuclear Deterrence and Assurance . 77 Keith B. Payne 7 Conference Agenda . 121 8 Contemporary Challenges for Extended Deterrence . 123 Tom Scheber 9 Case Study—The August 2008 War between Russia and Georgia . -
The Enthusiastic Claims of Some Aircraft Carrier Proponents Frequently Defy Reality
The enthusiastic claims of some aircraft carrier proponents frequently defy reality. The Carrier Myth n the 1990s, American aircraft By Rebecca Grant I carriers have been busier than ever, engaging mostly in “presence” op- erations and responses to local crises and flare-ups. “If you don’t have that forward deployed presence, you have less of a voice, less of an influence,” observed Defense Secretary William S. Cohen. From an operational perspective, the big-deck aircraft carrier no longer functions mainly as guardian of the high seas. Rather, observed British defense analyst Lawrence Freedman, the carrier has become “most valuable” as a “mo- bile air base.” Since Operation Desert Storm in 1991, the Navy has put its air wings through a major transformation, retiring older, hard-to-maintain aircraft such as the A-6 Intruder and modernizing its F-14 Tomcats and F/A-18C Hornets to carry precision munitions. The carriers have proven their value, but the claims of some carrier propo- nents frequently defy reality. Carrier In official statements, the Navy generate up to four sorties per strike effectiveness, though significant, has claims that “the carrier battle group, aircraft per day if the warship and been inflated to mythic proportions. operating in international waters, does its air wing shift into a surge mode. Dramatic film footage of carrier- not need the permission of host coun- This claim gives rise to the notion based aircraft being catapulted into the tries for landing or overflight rights.” that advanced stealth aircraft might skies frequently dominates televised They can operate independently and not be necessary, because the carri- coverage of periodic US crises with present “a unique range of options” to ers manage to get by without them. -
Naval Accidents 1945-1988, Neptune Papers No. 3
-- Neptune Papers -- Neptune Paper No. 3: Naval Accidents 1945 - 1988 by William M. Arkin and Joshua Handler Greenpeace/Institute for Policy Studies Washington, D.C. June 1989 Neptune Paper No. 3: Naval Accidents 1945-1988 Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 1 Overview ........................................................................................................................................ 2 Nuclear Weapons Accidents......................................................................................................... 3 Nuclear Reactor Accidents ........................................................................................................... 7 Submarine Accidents .................................................................................................................... 9 Dangers of Routine Naval Operations....................................................................................... 12 Chronology of Naval Accidents: 1945 - 1988........................................................................... 16 Appendix A: Sources and Acknowledgements........................................................................ 73 Appendix B: U.S. Ship Type Abbreviations ............................................................................ 76 Table 1: Number of Ships by Type Involved in Accidents, 1945 - 1988................................ 78 Table 2: Naval Accidents by Type -
The Armament of USS Constitution, 20Th Century
The Armament of USS Constitution, 18th - 20th Century Background history of USS Constitution’s guns; 18th and 19th Centuries: The earliest armament aboard USS Constitution, after her successful launch October 21, 1797, consisted of thirty 24-pound guns from Furnace Hope in Rhode Island, sixteen borrowed 18-pound guns, and fourteen 12-pound guns. Midshipman John Roche, Jr., on Constitution’s first cruise, wrote to his father on June 19, 1798, “…A lighter has gone down to the castle [Fort Independence on Castle Island, Boston Harbor] this morning to get our upper guns…”1 The Fort Independence guns may have either been French, as is stated in the records of the Newport Historical Society, or English, with the cipher “GR” for George Rex II or III, left behind at the Fort when the British evacuated Boston on March 17, 1775. By 1808, Constitution had a new set of guns on board (see illustrations below, courtesy of the National Archives). Her complement consisted of twenty 32-pound carronades, made by Henry Foxall, and thirty 24-pound long guns, cast at the Cecil Iron Works in Maryland. The long guns were fitted with cannon (flint) locks. Plan of model 1807 24-pound cast at the Cecil Iron Works, Maryland; weight is marked at 5554 lbs & the trunnion is marked as being 6 inches in diameter. For the plan, the breech ring has been rotated 90 degrees for viewing; it would have been in line with the touch hole. Courtesy, National Archives & Records Administration/Tyrone G. Martin research. Plan of model 1808 32-pound carronade by Henry Foxhall. -
Remarks to the 7Th Fleet Aboard the U.S.S. Independence in Yokosuka, Japan April 17, 1996
Administration of William J. Clinton, 1996 / Apr. 17 mean a very major turning point for Japan-U.S. discovery of the Ebola virus in Texas? And what security, and I wonder if you have any com- can the Federal Government do, I guess, via ments to share with us. the CDC to make sure that no kind of scare President Clinton. My view is that it will rein- develops from this? force our communityÐexcuse meÐour security President Clinton. Yes, I have been briefed relationship, not represent a turning point but on it this morning. The CDC is on top of it. a maturing of it. For example, when the Prime We are working with the Texas health officials. Minister asked us to consider the concerns of We believe, based on what we now know, that the people of Okinawa and I became acquainted there is no substantial threat to the general pop- with them as a result of some of the unfortunate ulation of the people there or the people of incidents that you know well about, it bothered the United States generally. me that these matters had not been resolved So I can say that I would urge people not before now, before this time. And again, I want to overreact to this. It's a serious matter; we to publicly say what I said to the Prime Minister are on top of it. If the facts change and we last night: I want to thank him for giving the think there is something more to be concerned United States the opportunity to respond in an about, you may be sure we will inform the appropriate manner to try to resolve these mat- American people as soon as we can.