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Guidelines for Metrication in the Field of Electrodeposition and Related Processes1

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Guidelines for Metrication in the Field of Electrodeposition and Related Processes1 Guidelines for Metrication in the Field of Electrodeposition and Related Processes1 1. Scope 2. Approved Units and Symbols 1.1 These guidelines are intended as an aid in the use of the 2.1 A comprehensive treatment of metric units is given in metric system as it applies to the field of electrodeposited ASTM Standard E 380. metallic coatings and related finishes. 2.2 Units of special significance to electrodeposition and 1.2 These guidelines serve to abstract from the comprehen- related processes are given in Table 1. sive treatment of the subject (ASTM Standard E 380 for Metric Practice) those terms which are of particular interest in 3. Recommended Conversion Practices electrodeposition. 3.1 SI-based units should be used in scientific papers and 1.3 The recommendations given here are based on the publications. The alternative metric units given in Table 1 may following premises: be used for other communications. 1.3.1 The International System of Units (SI) and other units 3.2 In Table 1, the “alternative metric units” are units that approved by the General Conference on Weights and Measures may be commonly used in the plating shop and control will come into common use throughout the United States and laboratory because of common usage in the literature and in the the world, in the field of electrodeposition as in others. laboratory, or because they are made up of units of convenient 1.3.2 Conversion to SI and other approved units should be size in which the measurements are actually made. For formal achieved as rapidly as practical. scientific communications, the use of these units is discour- 1.4 Conversion practices for quantities used primarily by aged. other scientific and engineering disciplines are not considered 3.3 During the conversion period, when the reader may not within the scope of these guidelines. These include heat readily understand the new metric units, the equivalent quan- capacity, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, tensile tity in familiar units should be used in parentheses following strength, heating rates, and ventilation rates.1 the metric quantity. 3.4 SI and other approved units with inch-pound equivalents in parentheses) are always acceptable for electrodeposition 1 Developed by Committee B-8 on Metallic and Inorganic Coatings. Published as communications. information only July 1976. TABLE 1 Units of Special Significance to Electrodeposition and Related Processes Quantity SI UnitsA,B Symbol Alternative Metric UnitsA,B Symbol Coating thickness micrometre µm Coating mass (weight) gram per square metre g/m2 milligram per square centimetre mg/cm2 Current density ampere per square metre A/m2 ampere per square decimetre A/dm2 milliampere per square centimetre mA/cm2 Quantity of electricity coulomb (ampere-second) C ampere-hour A·h ampere-minute A·min Volume cubic metre m3 litre L cubic centimetre cm3 millilitre mL Mass concentration kilogram per cubic metre kg/m3 gram per litre g/L Volume concentration cubic centimetre per cubic metre cm3/m3 cubic centimetre per litre cm3/L millilitre per litre mL/L Stress (internal) pressure megapascal MPa Temperature kelvin K degree Celsius (formerly degree °C centigrade) AThe prefixes shown are believed to be appropriate for most circumstances. Other prefixes should be used if needed to avoid very large or very small numbers. BThe spellings metre and litre as used in this publication are preferred by ASTM. However, meter and liter are also widely used. 1 APPENDIX (Nonmandatory Information) X1. CONVERSION FACTORS X1.1 Table X1.1 contains some useful conversion factors trodeposition and related finishes. for units and quantities commonly used in the field of elec- TABLE X1.1 Conversion Factor To convert from (To convert to) to (from) multiply by (divide by) mil µm 25.4 microinch µm 0.0254 mg/in.2 g/m2 1.55 mg/in.2 mg/cm2 0.155 mg/ft2 mg/m2 10.8 mg/ft2 µg/cm2 1.08 oz (avoirdupois)/in.2 kg/m2 43.9 oz (avoirdupois)/in.2 g/cm2 4.39 oz (avoirdupois)/ft2 kg/m2 0.305 oz (avoirdupois)/ft2 mg/cm2 30.5 A/ft2 A/m2 10.8 A/ft2 mA/cm2 1.08 A/in.2 mA/cm2 1.55 A/in.2 mA/cm2 155 A·h C 3600 A·min C 60 A·s C 1 1000 gal (U.S. liquid) m3 3.79 gallon (U.S. liquid) L 3.79 oz (U.S. fluid) mL 29.6 oz (avoirdupois)/gal (U.S. liquid) kg/m3 7.49 oz (avoirdupois)/gal (U.S. liquid) g/L 7.49 oz (troy)/gal (U.S. liquid) g/L 8.22 oz (U.S. fluid)/gal (U.S. liquid) cm3/m3 7810 oz (U.S. fluid)/gal (U.S. liquid) mL/L 7.81 oz (U.S. fluid)/gal (U.S. liquid) cm3/L 7.81 psi kPa 6.89 kgf/mm2 MPa 9810 1000 psi MPa 6.89 A·h/ft2 for 1 mil C/m2 for 1µm 1530 A·h/ft2 for 1 mil mA·h/cm2 for 1 µm 0.0424 °F (interval) °C (interval) 5/9 °F °C tc5 (tF− 32) 5/9 2.
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