“Super-Vc and Two Croix De Guerre - the Life of Lt
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LT. FREDERICK BELL VC MEMORIAL LECTURE 2012 “SUPER-VC AND TWO CROIX DE GUERRE - THE LIFE OF LT. LAWRENCE DOMINIC McCARTHY VC” BY ROBERT K. O’CONNOR QC RETURNED & SERVICES LEAGUE OF AUSTRALIA – WA BRANCH (INC) COTTESLOE RETURNED AND SERVICES LEAGUE SUB-BRANCH COTTESLOE CIVIC CENTRE, 9 NOVEMBER 2012 LT. FREDERICK BELL VC MEMORIAL LECTURE 2012 “SUPER-VC AND TWO CROIX DE GUERRE - THE LIFE OF LT. LAWRENCE DOMINIC McCARTHY VC” BY ROBERT K. O’CONNOR QC RETURNED & SERVICES LEAGUE OF AUSTRALIA – WA BRANCH (INC) COTTESLOE RETURNED AND SERVICES LEAGUE SUB-BRANCH COTTESLOE CIVIC CENTRE, 9 NOVEMBER 2012 © COPYRIGHT in this Lecture is held by Robert Kenneth O’Connor HOWEVER any part may be reproduced PROVIDED THAT acknowledgement of this Lecture and Mr O’Connor as the source is given in that reproduction. The moral rights of Mr O’Connor as author are hereby asserted. CONTENTS Dedication and Acknowledgements i List of photographs at pages 8 to 11 and Photograph credits ii Dedication Chapter 1 Introduction 1 For Simone, Brian, Abigail and Danny Eley, Chapter 2 Difficult early years at orphanage and at employment 1 Stephanie, Andrew, Madeleine and Lucas Hillbeck, Chapter 3 Early army career 2 and Peter O’Connor Chapter 4 Bravery decorations : Croix de Guerre (Avec Palme), 3 Victoria Cross, and Croix De Guerre Acknowledgements Chapter 5 Back in Western Australia 5 I thank the following people for their encouragement, Chapter 6 The Diggers’ tipping competition - The dispute 6 support and assistance in my preparation of this Lt. between McCarthy and the RSL WA Branch, Frederick Bell VC Memorial Lecture: and its aftermath Chapter 7 Life after moving to Melbourne 12 Dr Ross J Bastiaan AM, RFD, Odna Borlaug, Lorraine Clarke and Cherie Strickland (Swan Genealogy), Chapter 8 Dr Ross Jan Bastiaan AM, RFD 12 Judith K Corbett, David A T Cruse, Timothy P Cruse, Dr G Michael Galvin RFD, Dr Neville J Green AM, Terry Chapter 9 Deaths and probate 13 Hewett, J Patrick Hooper, Naomi Lam (RSL WA Branch Archivist), Reginald J and Winifred McCarthy, Susan Chapter 10 Disposition of medals 14 McCarthy, Warren McCarthy, Marguerite Maxwell, Chapter 11 Personal side 14 Mildred T Millar, Kathlyn A Morison, Patricia M O’Connor, Janice and Andrew Shortland, Brian G Tennant JP, Karen Chapter 12 Possible descendants 16 Vann ( Christian Brothers Westcourt Archivist) and Desmond Wright. Chapter 13 Need for greater recognition 18 Sources, references, and further reading 19 i List of photographs at pages 8 to 11 Chapter 1 Introduction Brothers built a new orphanage at Clontarf on the bank of the Canning River in 1901, and all the 1. McCarthy’s mother, Ann McCarthy, nee Sherry, who died in 1896 aged 28. Just inside the entrance to the Town Hall at York, orphan boys took up residence at Clontarf (the 2. McCarthy’s younger brother John Edward McCarthy (father of Reginald John) in 1911 aged 17. Western Australia, there is an honour board suburb is now called Waterford). The 81 orphan containing the names of all the young men of York boys who were the first boys at Clontarf got to 3. Lawrence Dominic McCarthy VC, c.1919. who served in the armed forces for Australia in Clontarf from St Joseph’s in Subiaco by trudging 4. Lawrence Dominic McCarthy VC, December 1918. World War I. One name listed is “L D McCarthy VC”. the 16 km on foot. At some time unknown to me 5. McCarthy and nephew Reginald John McCarthy in Melbourne 1942. (McCarthy’s inscription on the Although I was born in York, I had never after McCarthy was admitted to the orphanage back: “What a pity you are cut off. The fat boy could have easily been the one to have been cut!!!”) heard of him, and my initial enquiries about him in 1896, his names were changed from Florence 6. Son Lawrence Junior and McCarthy’s wife Polly at their roof-top flat, Melbourne, c.1945. did not elicit any information. I consulted the Joseph to Lawrence Dominic. In some later articles, book he is named “Dominic”. To his extended family and 7. McCarthy arriving at Clontarf Orphanage on a visit in 1956. “Bravest : How some of Australia’s greatest war heroes won their medals”, by Robert Macklin, some friends, he was called “Sykes”. His nicknames 8. McCarthy (left) with two of his three brothers, Patrick and James. which merely listed McCarthy as one of the then in the Army were “Fats”, because of his bulky 9. McCarthy’s widow Florence Minnie (“Polly”) McCarthy who died in 1996 aged 103. 96 Australians who had been awarded the Victoria appearance, and “Mac”. 10. Winifred and Reginald John McCarthy and McCarthy’s first cousin once-removed Mildred T Millar Cross, but did not give any details whatsoever 2011. as to what feats he had achieved to deserve a For his four years at Clontarf, Lawrence was 11. Dr Ross Jan Bastiaan AM, RFD. VC. I therefore decided to research the matter. I under the care of Christian Brothers Ryan (the have now learnt about the incredible valour and Superior), Bodkin and O’Connor. Lawrence 12. McCarthy’s grandnephew Warren McCarthy 2012. gallantry of this Western Australian soldier and shrewdly volunteered to work in the kitchen while 13. Andrew and McCarthy’s grandniece Janice Shortland 2012. believe that his story should be much more widely at Clontarf, as this gave him the opportunity to eat 14. Marjorie Ida Cruse (nee Thackrah) on her wedding day 1940. known, especially in his home State of Western food scraps which supplemented the inadequate 15. Marjorie Ida Cruse with her son David and her daughter Judith (now Corbett). Australia and the town of his birth, York. meals he was given. Lawrence was grateful for the education, manual skills, toughness and upbringing 16. David Cruse with the plaque erected by Dr Ross Bastiaan AM, RFD on the wall of the When I made contact with the York RSL Sub- he received from the Christian Brothers at Clontarf. Vermandovillers Town Hall, 2012. branch, I was told that the RSL York Sub-branch He described the Irish Brother Bodkin as a saint. has a Lt L D McCarthy VC Club and Bar and that These are the sorts of sentiments he expressed in in 2007 an extensive memorial and pavilion in Lt later life when he re-visited Clontarf and addressed Photograph credits McCarthy’s honour were unveiled at the RSL Club the boys at school assemblies or was interviewed at which military historian Dr Mike Galvin presented by newspapers. One such occasion was on 16 1. Photo courtesy Reg McCarthy. a talk on McCarthy. This Lecture looks in closer September 1956 when he and his wife travelled detail at McCarthy VC’s life. back from England on the Himalaya and had a 2. Photo courtesy Reg McCarthy. stop-over at Fremantle. McCarthy had written to 3. Photo courtesy Australian War Memorial, Canberra, AWM-P01383.016 Brother Doyle of Clontarf to tell him that he would 4. Photo courtesy Australian War Memorial, Canberra, AWM P02939.036 visit Clontarf. At the time Clontarf had a brass band 5. Photo courtesy Reg McCarthy. Chapter 2 Difficult early years at and the band welcomed McCarthy by playing as he disembarked at the wharf from the Himalaya. 6. Photo courtesy Reg McCarthy. orphanage and at employment Presenting an impressive after-dinner speech at a 7. Photo courtesy Janice Shortland. During his early life and war service, McCarthy Clontarf gala celebration feast, McCarthy told the 8. Photo courtesy Reg McCarthy. went by several names. He was born at York on boys that he had been proud to represent Clontarf 9. Photo courtesy Odna Borlaug. 21 January 1892. His father was named Florence at the Victoria Cross centenary celebrations in McCarthy and his mother was Ann nee Sherry. Britain, and he praised the work of the Brothers 10. Photo by Rob O’Connor. At birth, McCarthy was named Florence Joseph over the generations: “There is no better place 11. Photo courtesy Ross Bastiaan. McCarthy. He was baptised three days later, on in the world than Clontarf. It was here that the 12. Photo by Rob O’Connor. 24 January 1892, at St Patrick’s Catholic Church, discipline that was to help me so much was instilled 13. Photo by Rob O’Connor. York, under the same names Florence Joseph. in me. … Do all you can for the Brothers, they have 14. Photo courtesy David Cruse and Judith Corbett. devoted their lives to your welfare, nothing can be McCarthy was orphaned at the age of three, four too good for them.” One student at Clontarf at the 15. Photo courtesy David Cruse and Judith Corbett. days before his fourth birthday. His mother Ann time, Brian Tennant, who heard McCarthy speak, 16. Photo courtesy David Cruse. died at age 28 on 17 January 1892. His father told me that McCarthy spoke with great fervour as 17. Photo courtesy David Cruse. Florence was unable to cope with bringing up their if he was a priest presenting a sermon. However, four young sons, and (I have been told) deserted it must be the case that on occasions there were them on the day of Ann’s death and burial. The times that were unpleasant and unhappy because, youngest, John Edward (known as Ted), aged on a return visit to Clontarf with his brother Ted 1 , was brought up by Florence’s sister-in-law and later in his life, Lawrence was asked by a Christian brother-in-law, Mildred and Jack Sherry. The three Brother: “You must be pleased to see over these other boys, James, Patrick John and Florence buildings again?” Lawrence replied: “Yes I am, but Joseph [Lawrence], were admitted to Subiaco I must say that if, when I die, there is a Hell for me, Boys’ Orphanage, run by the Sisters of Mercy, on then there will be a Hell for some of the Brothers 21 January 1896 (Lawrence’s 4th birthday).